WO2019238134A1

WO2019238134A1 - Transmission device of vehicle and vehicle equipped with transmission device

Info

Publication number: WO2019238134A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/091459
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邹良; 孔钊; 张晓帆; 荣慧慧; 陈志鑫
Original assignee: 天佑电器（苏州）有限公司
Priority date: 2018-06-15
Filing date: 2019-06-17
Publication date: 2019-12-19

Abstract

Disclosed is a transmission device for a vehicle. The transmission device comprises: a prime mover (5); a driving member (1), driven by the prime mover; a driven member (2), driven by the driving member in a rotating manner; a wheel driving member (3), for driving a wheel of a vehicle; a clutch mechanism (4), comprising a clutch disc (41) which is installed on the wheel driving member in a freely rotating manner and is installed in a manner of axially moving in directions approaching and moving away from the driven member, a cooperating member (42) which is rotatably jointed to the wheel driving member, and a rotation load applying mechanism (43), which, under a first state, is in contact with and presses against an outer periphery of the clutch disc so that the clutch disc keeps away from the driven member to couple with the cooperating member, so as to enable the driven member to drive, by means of the clutch mechanism, the wheel driving member to rotate, and which, under a second state, is separated from the outer periphery of the clutch disc; and a controller (8), for controlling the rotation load applying mechanism to maintain the first state for a pre-determined duration, and then enter the second state. Further disclosed is a vehicle having the transmission device. The working stability of the transmission device is improved, and the service life thereof is prolonged.

Description

Transmission of vehicle and vehicle equipped with the same

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garden tools, and in particular, to a transmission device of a vehicle and a vehicle equipped with the transmission device.

Background technique

[0002] A self-propelled lawn mower has wheels for driving it on a working lawn, and the wheels are driven by a motor. The motor drives the rotation of the wheels through a transmission.

[0003] 5 See a transmission device of the prior art, the transmission device includes a driving member, a driven member driven by the driving member in rotation

A wheel drive for driving a wheel of the self-propelled lawn mower, and a clutch mechanism. The clutch mechanism includes a clutch disc that is rotatably mounted on the wheel drive member and that is axially movable in a direction approaching and away from the follower member; and a mating member that is rotationally coupled to the wheel drive member.

[0004] When the self-propelled lawnmower is self-propelled, the driving member drives the driven member to rotate, and the driven member drives the clutch disc away from the driven member to be coupled with the mating member, thereby driving the wheel driving member to rotate.

[0005] When the self-propelled lawn mower stops self-propelled and needs to be manually pushed, the wheel drive member drives the clutch disc close to the driven member to be decoupled from the mating member under the rotational driving in the forward direction, so that the wheel drive member is in it Freely rotatable in any direction of rotation.

[0006] However, the transmission device is provided with an actuator that permanently contacts the clutch disc, and the actuator may provide friction to the clutch disc when the self-propelled lawnmower is self-propelled. This friction actually forms the resistance during the normal operation of the transmission, which increases the motor's working current and causes waste of energy consumption. In addition, when the self-propelled lawn mower can walk freely, the rotary load applying mechanism rotates with the clutch disc, so that the rotary load applying mechanism and the wheel driving member will cause friction and wear, thereby reducing the service life of the transmission device.

[0007] On the other hand, when the lawnmower is driven forward by the motor, if the power of the motor is cut off, the motor will not stop quickly. If the lawnmower is walking on a ground with high resistance (such as dense grass, high Grass, slopes, etc.), it is prone to clutch failure.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the prior art as described above to solve the above problems. Summary of invention

technical problem

Problem solution

Technical solutions

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide an optimized vehicle transmission.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a transmission device of a vehicle, including: a prime mover; a driving member driven by the prime mover; a driven member that is rotationally driven by the driving member; A wheel drive that drives the wheels of the vehicle; a clutch mechanism that includes: a clutch disk that is rotatably mounted on the wheel drive and is mounted axially in a direction approaching and away from the follower; A rotary load applying mechanism which, in a first state, contacts and presses on the outer peripheral edge of the clutch outer peripheral surface of the clutch disk to move the clutch disk away from the driven member to be coupled with the mating member to enable the driven member The clutch drives the wheel driving member to rotate through the clutch mechanism; in a second state, the wheel driving member is disengaged from the outer peripheral edge of the clutch disc; and the controller controls the rotating load applying mechanism to enter the second state after the first state continues for a predetermined time.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an optimized vehicle transmission system, including a transmission device and a non-rotation module, the transmission device includes: a prime mover; a driving member driven by the prime mover; a follower, which Driven by the driving member; wheel driving member, which drives the wheels of the vehicle; controller; clutch mechanism, including: a clutch disc, which is rotatably mounted on the wheel driving member, and approaches and moves away from the driven member Installed axially in the direction of the component; a mating component that is rotationally coupled to the wheel drive; a rotary load applying mechanism that selectively or permanently provides resistance to the clutch disc; the anti-rotation module is configured to act as a prime mover When turned off, the anti-rotation module brakes the prime mover.

[0012] The beneficial effect of the present invention is to improve the working stability and service life of the transmission device and the transmission device.

The beneficial effects of the invention

Brief description of the drawings

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic diagram of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. [0015] FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a rotating device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a front view of a mating member according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mating member according to another embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0018] FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a mating member according to another embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0019] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a mating member according to another embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0020] FIG. 8 is a front view of a clutch disc according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a schematic view of a clutch disk according to another embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

10 is a schematic view of a clutch disk according to another embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

11 is a front view of a follower according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] FIG. 12 is a schematic view from another perspective of a follower according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 13 is a schematic view from another perspective of a follower according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a schematic diagram of an initial state of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention in an initial state.

[0028] FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a side surface of a rotary load applying mechanism and a clutch disc in a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention in an initial state.

17 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention during startup.

18 is a cross-sectional view of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention during startup.

[0031] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a side surface of a rotary load applying mechanism and a clutch disc during a starting process of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

20 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device in a driving process according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

21 is a cross-sectional view of a transmission device in a driving process according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

22 is a schematic diagram of a friction plate of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a rotary load applying mechanism of a transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention as a steering gear and a cam.

[0036] FIG. 24 is a schematic view of another state where the rotation load applying mechanism of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a steering gear and a cam.

25 is a cross-sectional view when a rotation load applying mechanism of a transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a steering gear and a cam. 26 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

27 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

28 is a schematic circuit diagram of a transmission device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of an actuator control circuit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

30 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device control circuit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device control circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device control circuit according to still another specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram of a clutch disc according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

37 is a schematic diagram of a resistance device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of a side surface of the rotary load applying mechanism and the clutch disc in a second state of the rotary load applying mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram of the side surface of the rotary load applying mechanism and the clutch disc during the change of the second state to the first state of the rotary load applying mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at this time, the peripheral convex portion and the protruding portion Not yet contacted.

[0052] FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram of the side surface of the rotary load applying mechanism and the clutch disc during the change from the second state to the first state of the rotary load applying mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. contact.

Invention Examples

Embodiments of the invention

[0053] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention. Structural or functional changes made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] For convenience of description, the forward direction of the lawnmower along normal operation is defined as “front”, and the backward direction is “back”. The rotation direction of the wheel drive member 3 is defined as the first rotation direction when the lawnmower runs in the "front" direction. The plane defined by the wheels of the lawnmower is defined as the working plane. When the lawnmower travels on a flat ground, the ground The plane on which the face lies is the work plane.

[0055] Embodiment 1.

[0056] This embodiment provides a transmission device for a vehicle, specifically as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 22, which is a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is a transmission device for a self-propelled lawn mower. Motive, driving member 1, driven member 2 rotated by driving member 1, wheel driving member 3, controller 8 and clutch mechanism 4 driving wheels.

[0057] The driving member 1 is driven by a prime mover 5. Specifically, in this embodiment, the prime mover is a motor 5. In other embodiments, the prime mover may also be an internal combustion engine. The motor 5 transmits power to the main member 1 through a gear structure, and drives the main member 1 to rotate. The driving member 1 and the driven member 2 mesh with each other. The driving member 1 drives the driven member 2 to rotate, and transmits power to the driven member 2. In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the driving member 1 and the rotation direction of the driven member 2 are perpendicular to each other, and the rotation axis of the driving member 1 is perpendicular to the working plane. The driving member 1 and the driven member 2 are specifically configured as a worm gear structure, wherein the driving member 1 is a worm and the driven member 2 is a worm wheel; in other embodiments, the rotation direction of the driving member 1 It can also be set in parallel with the rotation direction of the follower 2, and the transmission part adopts a spur gear, a transmission belt or a transmission chain.

[0058] In this embodiment, the rotation axis of the wheel driving member 3 is parallel to the working plane. The wheel driving member 3 is composed of three sections, namely a first wheel shaft 3A, a second wheel shaft 3B, and a third wheel shaft 3C. The diameter of the first axle 3A is smaller than the diameters of the second axle 3B and the third axle 3C. Both ends of the first axle 3A are inserted into the ends of the second axle 3B and the third axle 3C, and the second axle 3B and the third axle are respectively. There is a distance L between the two ends near the 3C phase. The driven member 2 is provided with a through-center hole 21 of the driven member, and the thickness of the driven-center hole 21 is substantially equal to the distance L. That is, the second axle 3B and the third axle 3C are close to both ends of the first axle 3A to clamp and fix the follower 2 so that they cannot move in the axial direction of the wheel drive 3, and the follower 2 passes through the center. The hole 21 is rotatably fixed on the first wheel shaft 3A. The clutch mechanism 4 includes a clutch disc 41, a mating member 42, and a rotating load applying mechanism 43, and the clutch mechanism 4 has a pair, and is disposed on both sides of the follower 2. Through-holes are provided in the middle of the clutch disc 41 and the mating member 42, respectively, the clutch disc central hole 414 and the mating member central hole 42 3. Specifically, the clutch disc 41 is installed at a portion where the second axle 3B and the first axle 3A overlap. The mating member 42 is mounted on the second axle 3B and the third axle 3C, and the mating member 42 is rotationally coupled with the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C, that is, the mating member 42 rotates in synchronization with the wheel driving member 3. The clutch disk 42 is provided between the follower 2 and the mating member 42, and can be rotatably mounted on the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C, and moves axially in the direction of approaching and distancing the follower 2. Ground installation. [0059] The rotational load applying mechanism 43 has a first state in which rotational resistance is applied to the clutch disc 41 and a second state in which rotational resistance is not applied to the clutch disc 41. In the present embodiment, in the first state, the rotary load applying mechanism 43 contacts and presses on the outer peripheral edge of the clutch disc 41 to move the clutch disc 41 away from the follower 2 and engage with the engaging member 42 to pass the follower 2 The clutch mechanism 4 drives the second axle 3B and the third axle 3C to rotate. In the second state, the rotational load applying mechanism 43 is disengaged from the outer peripheral edge of the clutch disc 41. The rotation load applying mechanism 43 enters the second state after a predetermined time in the first state.

[0060] In this embodiment, FIG. 11 to FIG. 13 are schematic diagrams of the follower 2. The follower 2 has a main body portion 24 configured as a worm gear structure, and the main body portion 24 of the follower 2 has a central shaft hole 21 provided concentrically with its rotation axis for the first wheel shaft 3A to pass through . Then, the two ends of the follower 2 are respectively inserted into the second axle 3B and the third axle 3C. Both sides of the main body portion 24 of the driven member are recessed inward to form a receiving cavity 23. The receiving cavity 23 has a claw 22 therein, and the claw 22 is arranged around the rotation axis of the driven member 2. Specifically, the claws 22 extend outward from the receiving cavity 23 and protrude from the receiving cavity 23. The extending direction of the claw 22 is substantially parallel to the extending direction of the rotation axis of the follower 2. The claw 22 has a claw side 221. In this embodiment, the opposite end surfaces of the follower 2 are provided with the claws 22 symmetrically.

8 to FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams of the clutch disc 41. The clutch disc has a clutch disc center hole 414 provided concentrically with its rotation axis, for the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C to pass through. The clutch disc 41 has a clutch disc outer peripheral surface 411 and an opposite clutch disc end surface. The crown faces of the two clutch discs are provided with protruding crowns. One clutch disc has a clutch disc inner gear crown 412 on the end face, and the other clutch disc end face has a clutch disc outer gear crown 413. Both the clutch disc inner gear crown 412 and the clutch disc outer gear crown 413 are arranged around the clutch disc rotation axis. .

[0062] The clutch disc inner toothed crown 412 has a first inclined surface 4121 and a first side surface 4122 which are arranged opposite to the first rotation direction. The first inclined surface 4121 extends obliquely outward from a clutch disk end surface along the first rotation direction. A side surface 4122 extends outward from an outer end of the first inclined surface 4121 in a direction substantially parallel to a rotation axis of the clutch disc.

[0063] The clutch disc outer toothed crown 413 is configured as an oblique trapezoidal tooth, and has a second inclined surface 4 131 provided opposite to the first rotation direction and a second side surface 4132 provided toward the first rotation direction. The second inclined surface 4131 extends obliquely outward from the end surface of the other clutch disc along the first rotation direction, and the second side surface 4132 extends outwardly from the end surface of the other clutch disc toward the first rotation direction. [0064] In this embodiment, FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 are schematic diagrams of the mating member 42. The engaging member 42 has a central hole 423 of the engaging member that is concentric with its rotation axis, and is used for the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C to pass through. The mating member 42 is fixedly mounted on the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C and rotates synchronously. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, one end surface of the mating member 42 has a groove 422 perpendicular to the rotation axis thereof, the second wheel shaft 3B and the third wheel shaft 3C have positioning holes, and the latch 424 is received in the groove 422. And insert into the positioning hole of the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C, so as to fix the fitting 42 on the second axle 3B or the third axle 3C. The other end surface of the engaging member 42 is provided with a saw tooth 421 annularly along its outer periphery. The saw tooth 421 is configured as an oblique trapezoidal tooth, and has a third inclined surface 4211 provided toward the first rotation direction and a third side surface 4212 opposed to the first rotation direction. The third inclined surface 4211 extends obliquely outward from the other end surface of the mating component 42 against the first rotation direction, and the third side surface 4212 extends from the other end surface of the mating component 42 in a direction substantially parallel to the rotation axis of the mating component 42. Outer extension, as shown in Figure 6.

[0065] The rotating load applying mechanism 43 includes a rotating load applying member 4302 that applies a rotational resistance to the clutch disc 41, and further includes an actuator 4301 that drives the operation of the rotating load applying member. In this embodiment, the rotation load applying mechanism 43 is parallel to the extending direction of the output shaft of the motor 5. In this embodiment, the actuator 4301 is an electromagnet, and an armature 434 is used to wind the coil 433 externally, the armature 434 is connected to the push rod 431, or the armature 434 and the push rod 431 are integrated, and a rotating load applying member is connected below the push rod 431. In the present embodiment, the rotary load applying member 4302 is configured as a friction plate 435. The friction plate 435 is in the shape of an arch bridge, and has a relatively flat connecting portion 435 1. The two sides of the connecting portion 4351 are provided with a first arm 4352 and a second arm 4353 extending downward and outward, and a first arm 43 52 and a second arm. A bent portion 4354 is formed at the free end of 4353 to facilitate contact with the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc. A connection hole 4355 is provided with a mounting hole 4355, and the push rod 431 passes through the mounting hole 4355 and is connected by a threaded fastener (not shown). The friction plate 435 is located directly above the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc.

[0066] The rotation load applying mechanism 43 further includes an elastic member 432, which causes the push rod 431 to move away from the clutch plate 41. The push rod 431 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the push rod 431 is in contact with and pressed on the clutch disc outer peripheral surface 411 to move the clutch disc 41 away from the follower 2 so as to fit with the mating part 42 and pass the follower 2 The clutch mechanism 4 drives the wheel driving member 3 to rotate. In the second state, it is out of contact with the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc.

[0067] Specifically, a pressing piece 436 is fixed at the top end of the push rod 431 for restricting the position of the elastic member 432, which is configured as a spring. In the first state, the coil 433 is energized, and the armature 434 overcomes the limit of the spring under the magnetic force generated by the coil 433, and pushes the push rod 431 to the clutch disc 41 so that the push rod 431 is in the clutch state. A contact pressure is formed on the outer peripheral surface 411 of the container plate. In the second state, the coil 433 is de-energized, the armature 434 loses its magnetic force and pulls the push rod 431 back to the initial position under the action of the spring restoring force, and comes out of contact with the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc. In another embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc may be directly pressed by the push rod 431 without using the friction plate 435, and a corresponding effect may also be achieved.

[0068] The illustrated transmission also includes a fixed box carried by the wheel chassis of the lawn mower. Preferably, the box is composed of two half shells, the upper shell 6 and the lower shell 7 are assembled by screw connection. The receiving cavity formed by the upper casing 6 and the lower casing houses the driving member 1, the driven member 2, and the clutch mechanism 4. The upper cover 6 is fixedly connected to the motor base 51, and the upper cover 6 is provided with an actuator base 61 where the actuator 43 is disposed.

[0069] The working principle of the transmission device will be specifically described below, as shown in FIG. 14 to FIG. 21. Because the left and right sides of the follower 2 are completely the same, the left side of the follower 2 is taken as an example for description.

[0070] The follower 2 is rotatably coupled to the first axle 3A, the mating member 42 and a wheel (not shown) are fixed to the second axle 3B, and the clutch disc 41 is installed between the follower 2 and the mating member 42. In the meantime, the clutch disc 41 can be moved closer to or farther from the follower 2 in the axial direction.

[0071] When the motor 5 is not started, the clutch mechanism 4 is in a failure state, and the rotation of the wheel will not be transmitted to the follower 2 when the lawnmower is traveling forward, that is, the follower 2 will not rotate following the wheel. 14 to 16, when the wheel rotates forward, the mating member 42 rotates in the first rotation direction at the same angular velocity as the wheel, and the third inclined surface 4 211 applies force to the second inclined surface 4131. Due to the inclined surface cooperation, the clutch disc 41 Being pushed in the direction of the follower 2 to keep the clutch disc 41 separated from the mating part 42, and the clutch disc 41 is close to the follower 2. The clutch disc inner tooth crown 412 is staggered with the claw 22 of the follower 2, the clutch disc inner tooth crown 412 projects into the receiving cavity 23, and there is a gap between the clutch disc outer tooth crown 413 and the saw tooth 421. The friction plate 435 is located directly above the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc, and there is a small gap between the friction plate 435 and the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc. At this time, the wheels are free to rotate forward or backward.

[0072] When the motor 5 is started, the driving member 1 drives the driven member 2 to rotate in the first rotation direction, the claw 22 of the driven member 2 interferes with the first inclined surface 4121, and pushes the clutch disc against the first inclined surface 4121. 42 rotation, as shown in Figures 17 ~ 18. At the same time, the controller 8 sends a signal to energize the coil 433, and the energized coil generates a magnetic field, which generates a magnetic force on the armature 434 to attract the armature 434 to push the push rod 431 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 432 and move in a direction close to the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disk. At this time, the rotation load applying mechanism 43 is in a first state, and the curved portion 4354 of the friction plate 435 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc and forms a pressing force, as shown in FIG. 19 . Under the pressure of the friction plate 435, the clutch disc 41 receives a first force, and the clutch disc 41 is decelerated under the first force. Due to the action between the claw 22 and the first inclined surface 4121, the clutch disc 41 Move away from the follower 2 and move toward the mating member 42. The distance between the clutch disc 41 and the follower 2 gradually increases, and the distance from the follower 2 gradually decreases. The clutch mechanism 4 transitions from a failure state to a transmission state. The rotary load applying mechanism 43 works during a period in which the clutch disc 41 approaches the mating member 42 and engages with it. This period of time is preset in the controller 8 as a preset time, which can effectively ensure that the clutch 42 and the mating member 42 are in phase. After the engagement, the actuator 43 is automatically powered off and reset to the second state.

[0073] As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the rotation direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the first rotation direction. When the clutch disc 41 is engaged with the mating member 42, the clutch mechanism 4 is in a transmission state. The driving member 1 transmits power to the wheel driving member 3 through the clutch mechanism 4 to drive the wheels forward. Specifically, the claw side surface 221 of the claw 22 presses the first side surface 4122 of the clutch disk 41 to push the clutch disk 41 to rotate; the clutch disk 41 is engaged with the mating member 42, and the second inclined surface 4131 of the clutch disk 41 is mated with The third inclined surface 4212 of the member 42 cooperates, and the second side surface 4132 of the clutch disc 41 presses the third side 4212 of the mating member 42 to stimulate the mating member 42 to rotate, and the second wheel shaft 3B can rotate in the same direction.

[0074] The rotation speed of the second wheel shaft 3B in the first rotation direction is greater than the rotation speed of the follower 2 in the first rotation direction, that is, the rotation speed of the mating member 42 in the first rotation direction is greater than the rotation speed of the clutch disc 41 in the first rotation direction. At this time, typically, when the second wheel shaft 3B rotates in the first rotation direction while the follower 2 stops rotating or rotates in a direction opposite to the first rotation direction, the third inclined surface 4211 of the mating member 42 excites the first The two inclined surfaces 4 131 push the clutch disk 41 away from the mating member 42 to move axially, the clutch mechanism enters a deactivated state, and the second wheel shaft 3B can rotate freely in any direction.

[0075] In order to achieve stable control of the rotary load applying mechanism 43, referring to FIG. 29, this embodiment discloses a control circuit including a voltage detection module 811 and a constant voltage control module 812 electrically connected to the controller 8. The controller 8 uses the voltage detection module 811 to detect that the power supply voltage VCC is U1, and regulates the U1 to the rated voltage U2 of the rotary load applying mechanism 43 by modulating the PMW signal of the MOS tube Q1 1 so as to apply the mechanism to the rotary load. 43 power supply.

[0076] Since the actuator 43 has been disengaged from the outer circumferential surface 411 of the clutch disk in the activated state, the actuator 43 has not pressed the outer circumferential surface 411 of the clutch disk at all during the process of entering the deactivated state, and Friction will increase the resistance during operation and increase the working current of the motor 5. [0077] Embodiment two.

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in that electromagnets with different structures are used as the actuators. In this embodiment, the electromagnet is provided with two coils, and the elastic member 432 is not needed. When the first coil is energized, the push rod 431 is pushed downward to approach the clutch disc 41, so that the curved portion 4354 of the friction plate 435 contacts the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc tangentially and generates a pressing force. After the push rod 431 is held in the first state for a predetermined time, the clutch disc 41 and the mating member 42 mesh with each other, the first coil is powered off, and the second coil is automatically energized, and the push rod 431 is pulled down by the magnetic force Move upwards, disengage the clutch disc 41 and enter the second state.

[0079] Embodiment three.

23 to 25, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the rotation load applying mechanism 43 includes a steering gear 4371 and a cam 4372, wherein the steering gear 4371 is used as an actuator, and the cam 4372 is used as a rotation load. Pieces. Specifically, the steering gear 4371 drives the cam 4372 to rotate. The controller 8 can set the cam rotation angle in advance, so that it can press against the clutch disc 41, and set the time in advance. Inside, the clutch disc 41 is close to the mating member 42 and fully engaged, and then the cam can be automatically rotated and reset.

[0081] Embodiment 4.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 26, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the rotation load applying mechanism 43 uses only one electromagnet as an actuator to simultaneously drive two rotation load applying members. Specifically, the lower end of the push rod 431 of the electromagnet is connected to the two friction plates 435 through a bracket 438. The bracket 438 is configured as an "n" type and includes a cross bar 4 38a and a longitudinal bar 438b extending downward from both ends of the cross bar 438a. The lower end of the push rod 431 is connected to the cross bar 438a, and the two friction plates 435 are connected to the two vertical bars 438b, respectively.

[0083] Embodiment five.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 27, the difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the rotation load applying mechanism 43 uses only one steering gear 4371 as an actuator to drive two cams 4372 at the same time.

[0085] Embodiment Six.

[0086] This embodiment provides a transmission device of a vehicle, specifically a transmission device of a self-propelled lawn mower, including the transmission device of any one of the first to fifth embodiments, and further including a first transmission device as shown in FIG. 28. A motor anti-rotation module. When the motor 5 is turned off, the motor 5 is braked by the first motor anti-rotation module, and the first motor anti-rotation module Quickly stopping the motor 5 ensures that the clutch mechanism 4 quickly changes from the engaged state to the disabled state.

[0087] In this embodiment, specifically, the first motor anti-rotation module is provided with a motor short circuit and a single pole double throw switch K1, switch contacts S1 and S2 are connected to a motor power supply circuit, and switch contact S3 is connected to a motor On the short circuit, S1 and S2 are normally open contacts, and S1 and S3 are normally closed contacts.

[0088] When the motor 5 is started, S1 and S2 are turned on, S1 and S3 are turned off, the controller 8 controls the rotation load applying mechanism 43 to act on the clutch mechanism 4, the clutch mechanism 4 becomes engaged, and the wheel 9 is driven by the motor 5. Turn down. After the rotation load applying mechanism 43 acts on the clutch mechanism 4 for a predetermined time T1, the controller 8 controls the rotation load applying mechanism 43 to cancel the effect on the clutch mechanism 4. In this embodiment, the first predetermined time T1 is 1s to 4s, and preferably T1 is 3s.

[0089] When the mowing operation is completed, the switch K1 is operated to disconnect S1 and S2 and immediately cut off the power supply to the motor, while S1 and S3 are turned on to short-circuit the motor 5, so that the high-speed rotating motor 5 quickly releases energy and stops quickly. Rotation further reduces the rotation speed of the driving member 1 and the driven member 2 quickly, thereby ensuring that the clutch mechanism 4 rapidly changes from the engaged state to the disabled state.

[0090] Embodiment Seven.

[0091] This embodiment provides a vehicle transmission device that is substantially the same as the sixth embodiment. The difference from the sixth embodiment is that this embodiment uses a second motor anti-rotation module as shown in FIG. 30.

[0092] In this embodiment, specifically, the second motor anti-rotation module is provided with a motor short circuit and a double-pole double-throw switch K2, S1-S2 and S4-S5 are normally open contacts, S1-S3 and S4- S6 is a normally closed contact.

[0093] When the motor 5 is started, S1-S2, S4-S5 are turned on at the same time, the controller 8 controls the rotary load applying mechanism 43 to act on the clutch mechanism 4, the clutch mechanism 4 becomes engaged, and the wheel 9 is driven by the motor 5. Turn in the first direction. After the rotation load applying mechanism 43 acts on the clutch mechanism 4 for a predetermined time, the controller 8 controls the rotation load applying mechanism 43 to cancel the effect on the clutch mechanism 4.

[0094] When the mowing operation is completed, switch K2 is operated to cause S1-S2, S4-S5 to be turned off at the same time and immediately cut off the power supply to the motor, and at the same time, S1-S3 and S4-S6 are turned on to short-circuit the motor 5 to make high-speed rotation The motor 5 quickly releases energy and stops rotating quickly, thereby rapidly reducing the rotation speed of the driving member 1 and the driven member 2 to ensure that the clutch mechanism 4 rapidly changes from the engaged state to the disabled state, and improves the clutch mechanism 4 when the motor 5 is turned off. Reliability when rapidly failing.

[0095] Embodiment eight. [0096] This embodiment provides a transmission device of a vehicle, specifically a transmission device of a self-propelled lawn mower, including any transmission device as described in the first to fifth embodiments, and further including a first transmission device as shown in FIG. 31. A motor reverses the module. The first motor reversal module includes an H-bridge circuit.

[0097] When the controller 8 receives the instruction to start the motor 5, the controller 8 controls the MOS transistors Q1 and Q4 to be turned on, and at the same time, the MOS transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned off. At this time, the motor 5 rotates forward and drives the follower 2 along the first Rotate in one direction of rotation.

[0098] When the controller 8 receives the instruction to stop the motor 5, the controller 8 controls the MOS transistors Q2 and Q4 to be turned on, and at the same time, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q3 are turned off. At this time, the motor 5 stops quickly due to a short circuit.

[0099] When the motor 5 completely stops rotating (for example, after a predetermined time after the controller 8 receives the instruction to stop the motor 5), the controller 8 controls the MOS transistors Q3 and Q2 to be turned on, and at the same time the MOS transistors Q1 and Q4 are turned off. When the motor 5 is reversed, the driven follower 2 is rotated in a direction opposite to the first rotation direction, which further improves the reliability of the clutch mechanism 4 to fail quickly when the motor 5 is turned off.

[0100] In this embodiment, the circuit of the motor 5 can be opened after the motor 5 is reversed for a second predetermined time (T2).

[0101] The above-mentioned instructions for starting the motor 5 and stopping the motor 5 generally refer to instructions given by the operator to the controller 8 through a mechanical switch or a wireless terminal.

[0102] Embodiment Nine.

[0103] This embodiment provides a transmission device of a vehicle that is substantially the same as Embodiment 8. The difference from the eighth embodiment is that the second motor reversing module shown in FIG. 32 is used in this embodiment. The second motor reversing module includes a motor forward circuit, a motor reverse circuit, relay J, and a double-pole double-throw switch K3 controlled by relay J.

[0104] When the controller receives the instruction to start the motor 5, the controller 8 controls the switch K3 through the relay J, so that S1-

52. S4-S5 is turned on at the same time, and the MOS tube Q41 is controlled to be turned on at the same time. At this time, the motor 5 rotates forward and drives the follower 2 to rotate in the first rotation direction.

[0105] When the controller receives the instruction to stop the motor 5, the controller 8 controls the switch K3 through the relay J so that S1-

53, S4-S6 are turned on at the same time, and at the same time control MOS tube Q41 is turned off. At this time, the motor 5 stops quickly because of a short circuit.

[0106] When the motor 5 completely stops rotating (for example, after a predetermined time after the controller 8 receives an instruction to stop the motor 5), the controller 8 controls the MOS tube Q41 to be turned on, and at this time, the motor 5 reverses and drives the follower 2 is rotated in a direction opposite to the first rotation direction, which further improves the rapid failure of the clutch mechanism 4 when the motor 5 is turned off. Reliability.

[0107] In this embodiment, after the motor 5 is reversed for a third predetermined time (T3), the controller 8 controls the MOS transistor Q41 to be turned off.

[0108] Embodiment Ten.

[0109] This embodiment provides a transmission device of a vehicle, including the transmission device, and further including a motor anti-rotation module.

The transmission device in this embodiment is similar to any of the transmission devices in Embodiments 1 to 5, except that the transmission device in this embodiment includes a rotation load applying member 4302 that permanently provides resistance to the clutch disc 41, and further does not include driving rotation. The load applying member 4302 acts as an actuator 4301. The motor anti-rotation module in this embodiment is the same as the sixth embodiment or the seventh embodiment.

[0110] Embodiment Eleven.

[0111] This embodiment provides a transmission device of a vehicle. The transmission device is an improvement made on the basis of any one of the first to tenth embodiments. As shown in FIG. 33, in this embodiment, a reset member 44 is provided between the clutch disc 41 and the mating member 42. The reset member 44 is specifically configured as a spring, which is compressedly disposed on the clutch disc 41 and the mating member 42, so that the clutch disc 41 has a tendency to be away from the mating member 42, that is, the reset member 44 causes the clutch mechanism 4 to maintain a failure state. trend. Furthermore, the maximum elastic force provided by the reset member 44 to the clutch disc 41 should be less than the axial component force that the clutch disc 41 receives when the third inclined surface 4211 exerts a force on the second inclined surface 4131. The use of the reset member 44 can ensure that the clutch mechanism 4 maintains a stable failure state, and the clutch mechanism 41 will not be accidentally engaged due to the axial movement of the clutch disc 41 due to vibration and other reasons, which greatly improves the stability and safety of the transmission device. Sex.

[0112] Embodiment Twelve.

[0113] This embodiment provides a transmission device of a vehicle. The transmission device is an improvement made on the basis of any one of the first to eleventh embodiments.

[0114] As an aspect of this embodiment, for a technical solution using a translational rotary load applying member 4302 (for example, the friction plate 435 in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the fourth embodiment), as shown in FIG. 34, The movement direction YY of the rotary load applying member 4302 and the normal direction XX of the working plane are no longer substantially parallel to each other as in the previous embodiment, but an angle oc is formed.

[0115] As another aspect of this embodiment, for a technical solution using a rotating rotating load applying member 4302 (for example, the cam 4372 in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 5), as shown in FIG. 35, the rotating load applying member rotates The extending direction ZZ of the connection line from the center to the rotation center of the wheel drive member 3 and the normal direction XX of the working plane are no longer substantially parallel as in the previous embodiment, but at an angle oc.

[0116] In this embodiment, 10 ° <a <20 °; preferably, 10 ° <a <15 °; further preferably, a = 13 °. The setting of the included angle oc can reduce the impact force on the radial load applying mechanism 43 in the radial direction due to the friction between the clutch disc 41 and the rotational load applying member 4302.

[0117] Embodiment Thirteen.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 36 to FIG. 40, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that at least one peripheral surface convex portion 414 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disk of the clutch disk 41. The peripheral surface convex portion 414 projects outward from the clutch disk outer peripheral surface 411 in a direction substantially parallel to the radius of the clutch disk 41. Accordingly, the rotary load applying member 4302 is provided with at least one protruding portion 4392b. The protrusion 4392b protrudes out of the rotary load applying member 4302 toward the clutch disc 41 in a direction substantially parallel to the movement of the push rod 431. In this way, when the rotary load applying member 4302 approaches or contacts the clutch disc 41 under the driving of the actuator 4301, that is, the rotary load applying mechanism is in the first state, the interaction between the peripheral convex portion 414 and the protruding portion 4392b may hinder the clutch. The rotary motion of the disc 41 achieves effective and stable braking on the clutch disc 41, and ensures that the clutch mechanism is changed from a transmission state to a disabled state.

[0119] In this embodiment, the two convex end faces 414b of the circumferential convex portion 414 along the circumferential direction of the clutch disc 41 are configured as inclined surfaces, so that the circumferential convex portion 414 has a large bottom and a small top as a whole. Preferably, the interface between the convex end surface 414b and the clutch disc outer peripheral surface 411 is arc-shaped, and the interface between the convex end surface 414b and the convex top surface 414a of the peripheral convex portion 414 is arc. The protrusion 4392b is preferably arc-shaped as a whole. Specifically, the protruding portion 439 2b has a curved tip.

[0120] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 36, two peripheral convex portions 414 are provided. Further, the peripheral surface convex portions 414 are provided symmetrically on the outer peripheral surface of the clutch disc. In other embodiments, the peripheral convex portions 414 may be provided as one or more than two.

[0121] In the present embodiment, the rotary load applying member 4302 is configured as a resister 439. As shown in Figure 37, Resistor 4

39 includes a resistance bracket 4391 and a resistance plate 4392, wherein the resistance plate 4392 is used to selectively contact the clutch disc 41 to provide resistance thereto, and the resistance plate 4391 is used to connect the actuator 4301 and the resistance plate 4392.

[0122] The resister bracket 4391 includes an actuator connection portion 4391a and a resistance plate mounting portion. The actuating member connecting portion 4391a is provided with a connecting hole 4391c for fixed connection with the push rod 431. The resistance piece mounting portion includes an upper limit portion 4391b And the lower limit portion 4391d, where the upper limit portion 4391b is provided in pairs with a first mating surface 4391e facing the lower limit portion 4391d, and the lower limit portion 4391d is provided in pairs with the upper limit portion 4391b and opposite to the first mating surface 4391e The mating second mating surface 4391f. The distance between the first mating surface 4391e and the upper limit portion 4391b is not less than the distance between the second mating surface 4391f and the upper limit portion 4391b. Preferably, the distance between the first fitting surface 4391e and the upper limit portion 4391b is greater than the distance between the second fitting surface 4391f and the upper limit portion 4391b. The lower limit portion 439 Id is provided with a pair of latching slots 4391g, the opening of the latching slot 4391g faces the direction of the upper limit portion 4391b, and the latching slot 4391g and the first mating surface 4391e are located on both sides of the second mating surface 4391f.

[0123] In this embodiment, the resistance piece 4392 is integrally made of an elastic metal material, and includes a protruding portion 4392b, a wing portion 4392a, and a bent portion 4392c. Among them, the wing portion 4392a is configured as a substantially straight portion that extends symmetrically outward from both ends of the protruding portion 4392b, and the bent portion 4392c is configured as a portion that extends from the outer ends of the two wing portions 4392a, respectively. The bent portion 4392c is bent in the same direction as the protruding portion 4392b is projected.

[0124] The protruding portion 4392b is protruded in a direction away from the upper limit portion 4391b, the wing portion 4392a is engaged between the first mating surface 4391b and the second mating surface 4391d, and the bent portion 4392c is engaged in the engaging groove 4391g. The assembly of the resistance device bracket 4391 and the resistance sheet 4392 can be completed.

[0125] FIGS. 38 to 40 show a process in which the rotary load applying mechanism 43 changes from a second state in which no rotational resistance is applied to the clutch disc 41 to a first state in which rotational resistance is applied to the clutch disc 41, where the clutch disc 41 is at Rotate counterclockwise in the figure.

[0126] When the rotation load applying mechanism 43 is in the second state, as shown in FIG. 38, the tip of the protruding portion 4392b is located outside the motion locus C of the convex portion top surface 414a. At this time, the protrusion 4392b does not affect the rotation of the clutch disc 41.

[0127] When the controller 8 controls the rotation load applying mechanism 43 to move, the driving push rod 431 moves toward the clutch disk 41, and the tip of the protruding portion 4392b enters into the movement trajectory C of the convex top surface 414a, as shown in FIG. 39. In this embodiment, the tip of the protruding portion 4392b abuts against the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc, and applies a small rotational resistance to the clutch disc 41. In other embodiments, the tip of the protrusion 4392b may not contact the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc, or contact the outer peripheral surface 411 of the clutch disc without applying pressure.

[0128] When the clutch disc 41 rotates so that the circumferential convex portion 414 abuts against the protruding portion 4392b, as shown in FIG. 40, the protruding portion 43 92b generates a large resistance to the circumferential convex portion 414, that is, the clutch disk 41 is more The large resistance ensures that the clutch mechanism changes from the transmission state to the failure state. Since the protruding portion 4392b and the peripheral convex portion 414 are arc-shaped Design, so the protruding portion 4392b generates a large frictional resistance to the peripheral convex portion 414, and when the rotation load applying mechanism 43 returns to the second state, the protruding portion 4392b and the peripheral convex portion 414 are easily separated; on the other hand, It is also possible to prevent an excessive impact between the protruding portion 4392b and the peripheral convex portion 414, and damage to components.

[0129] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of the feasible embodiments of the present invention, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention, and any equivalents made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention Embodiments or changes should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

[Claim 1] A transmission device of a vehicle, comprising:

Prime mover

Initiative driven by prime mover;

A follower, which is rotationally driven by the drive member;

A wheel drive that drives the wheels of the vehicle; a clutch mechanism that includes:

A clutch disc which is mounted on the wheel drive member in a freely rotatable manner and is mounted in an axial movement in a direction approaching and away from the driven member;

A mating member, which is rotationally coupled with the wheel driving member;

A rotary load applying mechanism, which is in contact with the outer peripheral edge of the clutch outer peripheral surface of the clutch disc in a first state to move the clutch disc away from the follower to be coupled with the counterpart, so that the follower drives the wheel drive member to rotate through the clutch mechanism; Disengaged from the outer periphery of the clutch disc in the second state;

A controller that controls the rotary load applying mechanism to enter a second state after the first state continues for a predetermined time.

[Claim 2] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim i, wherein a reset member is provided between the clutch disc and the mating member, and the reset member keeps the clutch disc away from the clutch disc. Trend of fittings.

[Claim 3] The transmission device for a vehicle according to claim i, wherein the rotating load applying mechanism includes a push rod, and the push rod is moved in a direction close to the clutch disk by a first force in a first state. In the second state, it is moved to the direction of the remote clutch disc by the second force.

[Claim 4] The transmission device for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the rotation load applying mechanism further comprises an elastic member that restricts the movement of the push rod toward the direction close to the clutch disk, and the push rod is in the first state Under the action of the first force, the elastic member is restricted to move in the direction of approaching the clutch plate to form a contact pressure on the outer periphery of the clutch plate. The push rod loses the first force in the second state and is under the force of the elastic member Return to the initial position.

[Claim 5] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: the rotation load The applying mechanism further includes a coil and an armature. The elastic member is a spring. The push rod is arranged on the armature. In the first state, the coil is energized. Under the magnetic force generated by the coil, the armature pushes the push rod to overcome the spring restriction to move to the clutch disc to make the push rod A contact pressure is formed on the outer periphery of the clutch disc. In the second state, the coil is powered off, the armature loses its magnetic force and pulls the push rod back to the initial position under the action of the spring restoring force.

[Claim 6] The transmission of the vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the armature and the push rod are integrally provided.

[Claim 7] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: the rotation load applying mechanism further includes a rotation load applying member; and the rotation load applying mechanism is on the outer periphery of the clutch disc through the rotation load applying member. Contact pressure is formed on the edge.

[Claim 8] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: the rotary load applying member is configured as a friction plate, and the friction plate forms a bent portion at a free end thereof to contact the outer peripheral edge of the clutch disc Tangent contact.

[Claim 9] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to energize the coil, and to de-energize the coil after delaying the predetermined time.

[Claim 10] The transmission device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotational load applying mechanism includes a rotational load applying member that applies rotational resistance to a clutch disc, and further includes driving the rotational load applying member to operate. Actuator.

[Claim 11] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein the rotational load applying member is configured as a cam, and the actuator is configured as a steering gear.

[Claim 12] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein the rotary load applying member is configured to perform a translational movement; a moving direction of the rotary load applying member and a normal direction of a work plane There is an included angle OC between them, and 10% o 20 ° _; wherein the working plane refers to a plane determined by the wheels of the vehicle.

[Claim 13] The transmission of a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein the rotational load applying member is configured to perform a rotational movement; a rotation center of the rotational load applying member to the wheel driving member There is an included angle OC between the extension direction of the line of rotation center and the normal direction of the working plane, and 10% o ^ 20 ° _; where the working plane refers to the plane determined by the wheels of the vehicle

[Claim 14] The transmission device for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein at least one peripheral surface convex portion is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a clutch disk of the clutch disk, and at least one rotational load applying member is provided at least A protruding portion; when the rotary load applying member is in the first state, the peripheral convex portion interacts with the protruding portion to hinder the rotation of the clutch disc.

[Claim 15] A vehicle characterized in that the vehicle is equipped with the transmission device according to any one of claims 1-14.

[Claim 16] The vehicle according to claim 15, wherein the vehicle is a lawn mower.