WO2019231192A1 - Glass assembly - Google Patents

Glass assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019231192A1
WO2019231192A1 PCT/KR2019/006319 KR2019006319W WO2019231192A1 WO 2019231192 A1 WO2019231192 A1 WO 2019231192A1 KR 2019006319 W KR2019006319 W KR 2019006319W WO 2019231192 A1 WO2019231192 A1 WO 2019231192A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transparent
glass
glass assembly
glass sheet
flexible display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2019/006319
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jangyoul CHAE
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Publication of WO2019231192A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019231192A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
    • H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
    • H10K77/111—Flexible substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/301—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements flexible foldable or roll-able electronic displays, e.g. thin LCD, OLED
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G06F1/1641—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing the display being formed by a plurality of foldable display components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
    • H01L33/40—Materials therefor
    • H01L33/42—Transparent materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/80—Constructional details
    • H10K30/81—Electrodes
    • H10K30/82—Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/048—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/04804—Transparency, e.g. transparent or translucent windows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a glass assembly, and particularly relates to a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images.
  • a glass window functions to allow external light to enter into an interior place, and selectively block or supply external air to appropriately ventilate interior air, and when it is shut, it blocks thermal flows into/out of the interior and the exterior to maintain cooling and heating effects.
  • the windows made of an LED electronic signage glass assembly into which an LED is inserted have been used as glass windows of a building.
  • the windows made of an LED electronic signage glass assembly may have a lighting effect or an advertising effect without damaging a usual function of the glass window.
  • an LED is inserted between two glass panes, and in this instance, the LED is mounted on a transparent electrode layer formed on the glass pane. Therefore, in the case of the LED electronic signage glass assembly, when some of the LEDs are out of order, the LED electronic signage glass assembly itself must be replaced. Further, the LED electronic signage glass assembly has been needed to be specially designed and manufactured according to the design of the window of the building in which it is to be installed.
  • the present invention has been made in an effort to provide a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a glass assembly including: a first glass sheet; a second glass sheet arranged opposite to the first glass sheet; a transparent flexible display interposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, and displaying an image; an LED driver for controlling driving of the transparent flexible display; a first sealing member disposed between the first glass sheet and the transparent flexible display; and a second sealing member disposed between the second glass sheet and the transparent flexible display, wherein the transparent flexible display includes a transparent base film, a transparent electrode layer disposed on one side of the transparent base film, a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) mounted on the transparent electrode layer, one or a plurality of flexible printed circuit boards (FPCB) disposed on at least one edge of the transparent electrode layer and electrically connecting the transparent electrode layer and the LED driver, and a transparent adhesive layer disposed on the other side of the transparent base film, and attaching the transparent base film to the first sealing member.
  • the transparent flexible display includes a transparent base film, a transparent electrode layer disposed on one side of
  • the glass assembly may further include a frame including an opening in which the first glass sheet, the transparent flexible display, and the second glass sheet are disposed.
  • the glass assembly may further include: a third glass sheet spaced from and disposed opposite to the second glass sheet; and a spacer inserted into a space between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet to maintain a gap between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet.
  • the third glass sheet may be low-e glass.
  • the present invention interposes the flexible display with excellent light transmittance between two glass sheets, thereby maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images. Therefore, the present invention may be applied as external windows of a building or windshield glass of vehicles, thereby maintaining interior cooling and heating effects, providing desired information to a user, and being usable as lighting or advertising means.
  • the transparent flexible display includes a transparent adhesive layer, so the present invention may stably maintain a bonded state between the transparent flexible display and the glass sheet without deterioration of transparency while it is exposed to various external environments for a long time.
  • the present invention may attach the transparent flexible display to the glass sheet without distortion or peeling because of the transparent adhesive layer of the transparent flexible display when it is manufactured, and the transparent flexible display may be easily realigned when the same is misaligned, thereby improving productivity and processibility.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly according to a first example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top plan view of a transparent flexible display of a glass assembly according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a graph for indicating wavelength-transmittance on a glass assembly according to a first exemplary embodiment and a first comparative example.
  • FIG. 6 shows a graph for indicating wavelength-reflectance on a glass assembly according to a first exemplary embodiment and a first comparative example.
  • the present invention may be modifiable in various ways and may be realized in various forms, so specific examples will be exemplified in the drawings and will be mainly described in the present specification.
  • the range of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples, and it is to be understood that the present invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
  • Terminologies such as first and second may be used to describe various constituent elements, but the constituent elements are not limited by such terminologies. The terminologies may be used only for discriminating one constituent element from other constituent elements. For example, a first constituent element could be termed a second or third constituent element, and similarly, a second or third constituent element could be alternately termed, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the present inventors intended to provide a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images by inserting an additional transparent LED film in which an LED is mounted on a transparent base film between glass sheets.
  • a transparent LED film is disposed between the glass sheets, and the glass sheet and the transparent LED film are bonded with each other by use of a sealing member.
  • the transparent LED film is not fixed to the sealing member, and the transparent LED film may accordingly be distorted.
  • the LED film may be distorted and the transparent LED film after the bonding may be misaligned.
  • the present inventors recognized that deformation and misalignment of the transparent LED films are prevented when a plurality of transparent LED films are arranged among glass sheets by using the transparent adhesive layer adherence and optical transparency of the glass sheets and the sealing member.
  • the glass assembly according to the present invention includes a first glass sheet, a plurality of transparent flexible displays including a transparent adhesive layer, a sealing member, and a second glass sheet.
  • the above-described present invention maintains visual transparency while displaying of characters or images, so it may be applied to external windows of a building or a windshield glass of vehicles to maintain the function of the window, provide desired information to the user, and may be usable as lighting or advertising means. Further, the present invention may stably maintain the bonded state between the transparent flexible display and the glass sheet without deterioration of transparency while it is exposed to various external environments for a long time.
  • the present invention may attach the transparent flexible display to the glass sheet without misalignment of the transparent flexible display or distortion or peeling because of the transparent adhesive layer of the transparent flexible display when it is manufactured, and the transparent flexible display may be easily realigned when the same is misaligned, thereby improving productivity and processibility.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly 10 according to a first example of the present invention.
  • the glass assembly 10 includes a first glass sheet 100, a second glass sheet 200, a transparent flexible display 300, an LED driver 400, a first sealing member 500, and a second sealing member 600.
  • the first glass sheet 100 is a plate member including glass and/or a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC), and it may be colorless and transparent, or colored and transparent.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • light transmittance of the first glass sheet 100 with respect to visible light may be equal to or greater than 85 %.
  • the first glass sheet 100 may have a planar shape, or a curved shape like a bow.
  • the curvature radius (R) is preferable for the first glass sheet 100 to be about 0.2 to 0.3 m.
  • the second glass sheet 200 is arranged opposite to the first glass sheet 100.
  • the second glass sheet 200 in a like manner of the first glass sheet 100, is a plate member including glass and/or a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC), and it may be colorless and transparent, or colored and transparent.
  • light transmittance of the second glass sheet 200 may be equal to or greater than 85 %.
  • the second glass sheet may have the same or different material(s), color(s), and/or light transmittance as/from the first glass sheet.
  • the second glass sheet 200 has a planar shape or a curved shape, and it may have the same or different shape as the first glass sheet.
  • a curvature radius (R) is preferably about 0.2 to 0.3 m.
  • the transparent flexible display 300 is interposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, and it displays image and character information. Further, the transparent flexible display 300 has a yellowness index (YI) value that is equal to or less than 3.0, so that external light can enter, transparency of the glass assembly is not deteriorated, and a view of the user is not interrupted.
  • YI yellowness index
  • one transparent flexible display 300 may be provided.
  • the plurality of transparent flexible displays may display one large image. That is, when a video signal is divided according to a screen dividing method set in the LED driver, one large image may be generated into a plurality of divided images, and the respective divided images may be displayed through respective corresponding transparent flexible displays.
  • the transparent flexible display 300 includes a transparent base film 310, a transparent electrode layer 320, a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) 330, a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340, and a transparent adhesive layer 350.
  • a transparent base film 310 a transparent electrode layer 320
  • a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) 330 a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) 330
  • FPCB flexible printed circuit board
  • the transparent base film 310 is attached to the first sealing member 500 through the transparent adhesive layer 350, and it may be a single-layered or multi-layered light-transmissive polymer film.
  • the light-transmissive polymer film preferably has insulation and heat resistance properties so as to prevent energy from being leaked to the outside and also prevent the change of state by external light.
  • the transparent base film include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and a cyclo olefin polymer (COP), but they are not limited thereto.
  • the transparent base film 310 may be a COP film. In this case, heat resistance is excellent, and durability of the glass assembly is improved.
  • a thickness of the transparent base film is not limited. However, when the transparent base film is very thin, the transparent base film may be transformed or the transparent electrode layer may be cracked by a pressure applied to the LED side when the glass assembly is bonded. In addition, when the transparent base film is very thick, the glass sheet may be cracked because of stress. According to an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the transparent base film may be about 200 to 300 ⁇ m. In this case, the above-described drawbacks don't exist and heat resistance is excellent, so that thermal transformation of the transparent base film may be prevented when the glass assembly is exposed to external light for a long time.
  • the transparent electrode layer 320 is disposed on one side of the transparent base film 310, and drives the light emitting diode (LED) 330. Further, the transparent electrode layer 320 is light transmissive, thereby transmitting the light coming from the outside, so the glass assembly according to the present invention has excellent visual transparency.
  • the transparent electrode layer 320 includes at least one circuit pattern formed of at least one electrode material selected from among a group including a metallic nanowire, a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), a metal mesh, a carbon nanotube, and graphene.
  • TCO transparent conductive oxide
  • non-limiting examples of the metal nanowire include a silver (Ag) nanowire, a copper nanowire, and a nickel nanowire, which may be used individually or which may be used by mixing at least two of the same.
  • Non-limiting examples of the transparent conductive oxide include an indium tin oxide (ITO), an indium zinc oxide (IZO), a zinc oxide (ZnO), an aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), and an indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), which may be used individually or which may be used by mixing at least two of the same.
  • Non-limiting examples of the metal mesh include a silver (Ag) mesh, a gold (Au) mesh, a copper (Cu) mesh, and an aluminum (Al) mesh, which may be used individually or which may be used by mixing at least two of the same.
  • the silver nanowire, the copper mesh, and the silver mesh have excellent conductivity and light transmittance, and the ITO and the IZO have low resistivity, they may be deposited at a low temperature, and light transmittance of visible light is high.
  • the transparent electrode layer 320 may include a circuit pattern formed of an electrode material selected from among a group including a silver (Ag) nanowire, a copper mesh, and a silver mesh.
  • a width and a thickness of the circuit pattern are not specifically limited. However, when the circuit pattern has the width of about 5 to 15 ⁇ m and the thickness of about 0.2 to 1 ⁇ m, the transparent electrode layer 120 has sheet resistance of about 0.5 to 3 ⁇ /sq.
  • the glass assembly including the transparent electrode layer 320 has light transmittance of about 70 to 80 % and light reflectance of about 8 to 15% in a wavelength (the wavelength of 400 to 700 nm) of visible light.
  • the glass assembly according to the present invention has the light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % in the wavelength of the visible light region and satisfies Equation 1, the view is not blocked by the transparent electrode layer 320, visibility from the interior or exterior may be obtained, and an appearance characteristic, electrical conductivity, and visual transparency may be further improved.
  • T is light transmittance of the corresponding glass assembly in the wavelength of the visible light region
  • R s is sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer
  • the glass assembly has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % in the wavelength of the visible light region, and satisfies Equation 2.
  • the glass assembly has excellent electrical conductivity, so it has low power consumption and low generation of heat, and it acquires visual transparency, so it may display the characters or images more clearly.
  • T is light transmittance of the corresponding glass assembly in the wavelength of the visible light region
  • R s is sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer
  • the above-noted transparent electrode layer 320 may be formed according to a method known to a skilled person in the art.
  • the transparent electrode layer 310 may form at least one circuit pattern by coating the above-described electrode material on the transparent base film 310 and irradiating laser beams or performing a mask and etching process.
  • the circuit pattern made of an electrode material may be formed on the transparent base film 310 through an inkjet printing process.
  • the light emitting diode (LED) 330 is a light emitter installed on the transparent electrode layer 320 and that flickers according to supplying of energy.
  • a plurality of LEDs are separated from each other and are arranged in a matrix form, thereby displaying various types of characters or images and also displaying videos.
  • the LED 330 usable in the present invention may be those that are conventionally known to a skilled person without specific limits.
  • the LED 330 may be single color LEDs such as a red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED, or may be double-color LEDs such as R and G or triple-color LEDs such as R, G, and B.
  • the respective LEDs 330 are triple-color LEDs of R, G, and B, characters or image with various colors may be displayed.
  • the LED 330 may be fixed on the transparent electrode layer 320 through a mounting method known to a person skilled in the art.
  • a pad including a material with high electrical conductivity such as silver (Ag) may be formed on at least part of the transparent electrode layer 320.
  • the light emitting diode may be fixed to a pad (not shown) by using a low-temperature surface mount technology (SMT) process. In this instance, the light emitting diode may be attached to the pad through soldering.
  • SMT surface mount technology
  • the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340 is a portion disposed on at least one edge of the transparent electrode layer 320, in detail, a pad (not shown) provided on an edge of the transparent electrode layer 320, and it electrically connects the transparent electrode layer 320 and the LED driver 400. That is, the LED driver 400 may control the driving of the LED through the flexible printed circuit board 340. Therefore, a portion of the flexible printed circuit board 340 contacts the transparent electrode layer 320, and the rest thereof is exposed outside to contact the LED driver 400. Because of this, it is preferable for the flexible printed circuit board to have a strip shape with a predetermined length. In this instance, a length of the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) may be about 10 to 150 mm, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340 may be disposed on many portions of the edge of the transparent electrode layer 320, junction reliability of the glass assembly may be deteriorated. Therefore, it is preferable to control widths of the respective flexible printed circuit boards so that a ratio of the entire width W of the flexible printed circuit board to a length (L) of the edge of the transparent electrode layer may be in a range of about 0.1 to 0.5.
  • the entire width W of the flexible printed circuit board is a summation (n ⁇ W 1 ) of widths W 1 of n flexible printed circuit boards, and in this instance, the widths of the flexible printed circuit boards may be equivalent to or different from each other.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 is disposed on the other side of the transparent base film 310 to attach the transparent base film to the first sealing member 500.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 may be disposed on an entire side of the transparent base film 310 or a portion of the surface (e.g., an edge of the transparent base film or respective corners).
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 is made of an optically transparent adhesive.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of an acrylic-based adhesive and a silicon-based adhesive.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 including the above-noted adhesive may maintain an adhered state with the transparent base film, and may stick (i.e., be detached and attached) to the first sealing member. That is, a peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the transparent base film is greater than a peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the first sealing member.
  • the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer 350 from the transparent base film may be greater than the peel strength from the sealing member (e.g., a PVB resin film) by about 16 to 60 times, in detail, about 20 to 50 times.
  • the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the transparent base film (preferably, a PET film) according to an ASTM D3330 testing method is 1000 ⁇ 200 gf/25 mm, thereby maintaining the state in which it is stably attached to the transparent base film.
  • the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer 350 from the sealing member (preferably, a PVB resin film) according to the ASTM D3330 testing method is about 20 to 50 gf/25 mm, so the transparent adhesive layer 350 may be attached to the first sealing member and may also be easily detached from the first sealing member by a predetermined external force without physical damage.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than about 94 % in the wavelength of the visible light region and a refractive index of about 1.4 to 1.5.
  • the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer 350 is not specifically limited, and for example, it may be about 20 to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 350 with the above-noted thickness has a refractive index of about 1.4 to 1.5. Hence, a view of a user may not be interrupted by the transparent adhesive layer 350, and external light may enter the inside.
  • the LED driver 400 is electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340 of the transparent flexible display 300, and it controls driving of the transparent flexible display 300.
  • FPCB flexible printed circuit board
  • the LED driver 400 controls supplying of power to a plurality of LEDs 330 in the transparent flexible display 300 according to the electrical signal individually or by groups, so a plurality of LEDs are turned on/off individually or by groups. Accordingly, the transparent flexible display 300 may display single-color or multi-color images or characters, and may further provide videos.
  • the LED driver 400 may be configured with constituent elements known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the LED driver 400 may be configured with a power unit (e.g., a voltage regulator) and a signal applier (e.g., a gate driver).
  • the signal applier controls an amount of current applied to the respective LEDs 330 through the power unit according to the electrical signal (e.g., a digital signal) received from an external controller (e.g., a microcontroller).
  • the turn on/off of a plurality of LEDs 330 in the transparent flexible display 300 are controlled individually or by groups, thereby displaying image or character information.
  • the LED driver 400 controls the combination of the R, G, and B of the respective LEDs by grouping the same, thereby displaying images or characters with various colors.
  • constituent elements and/or control methods of the LED driver 400 are modifiable in various ways according to design schemes, and are not limited thereto.
  • the first sealing member 500 is disposed between the first glass sheet 100 and the transparent flexible display 300, seals the transparent flexible display 300 to the first glass sheet 100, and prevents the first glass sheet 100 and the transparent flexible display 300 from being separated from each other. In addition, the first sealing member 500 prevents external air such as moisture or oxygen from permeating into the transparent flexible display 300.
  • the first sealing member 500 may be disposed on the entire side of the first glass sheet 100. In another way, although not shown, the first sealing member 500 may be disposed on the edge of the first glass sheet 100.
  • the first sealing member 500 is formed of an optically transparent polymer so as to not interrupt the view of the user but receiving external light.
  • a material of the first sealing member includes polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resins and an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the first sealing member is formed of a PVB resin.
  • the first sealing member may seal the transparent flexible display 300 to the first glass sheet 100, may interrupt external air, and may interrupt ultraviolet (UV) rays by more than about 99 %.
  • the thickness of the first sealing member 500 is not specifically limited. However, when the first sealing member is very thick, a pressure may be applied to the transparent flexible display in a process for bonding the glass sheets and the transparent flexible display, so the transparent electrode layer may be cracked, or light transmittance may be deteriorated. In addition, when the first sealing member is very thin, a sealing characteristic and interruption of external air may be deteriorated. Therefore, it is preferable for the first sealing member to have a thickness with the range of about 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
  • the second sealing member 600 is disposed between the second glass sheet 200 and the transparent flexible display 300, and it prevents external air such as moisture or oxygen from permeating into the transparent flexible display 300.
  • the second sealing member 600 may be disposed on the entire side of the transparent flexible display 300 to cover the transparent flexible display 300.
  • the second sealing member 600 protects the LED of the transparent flexible display 300, and seals so that the transparent flexible display 300 and the second glass sheet 200 may not separate from each other.
  • the second sealing member 600 may be disposed on the edge of the second glass sheet 200. In this case, a space portion is formed between the second glass sheet 200 and the transparent flexible display 300 because of the second sealing member 600.
  • the second sealing member 600 is formed of an optically transparent polymer so as to receive external light without interrupting the view of the user.
  • the material of the second sealing member is the same as the described material of the first sealing member, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
  • the second sealing member is formed of a PVB resin.
  • the second sealing member 600 may seal the transparent flexible display 300 to the second glass sheet 200, also interrupt the external air, and may interrupt the ultraviolet (UV) rays by more than about 99 %.
  • the thickness of the second sealing member 600 is controlled according to a height of the LED 330 in the transparent flexible display.
  • the ratio (D 1 /H 1 ) of the thickness D 1 of the second sealing member to the height H 1 of the light emitting diode (LED) is preferable for the ratio (D 1 /H 1 ) of the thickness D 1 of the second sealing member to the height H 1 of the light emitting diode (LED) to be in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly 20 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the glass assembly 20 includes a first glass sheet 100, a second glass sheet 200, a transparent flexible display 300, an LED driver 400, a first sealing member 500, a second sealing member 600, and a frame 700.
  • first glass sheet 100, the second glass sheet 200, the transparent flexible display 300, the LED driver 400, the first sealing member 500, and the second sealing member 600 correspond to those provided with reference to the first exemplary embodiment, so they will be omitted.
  • the frame 700 is disposed at an edge of the first glass sheet 100 and the second glass sheet 200 to fix the first glass sheet 100 and the second glass sheet 200.
  • the frame 700 includes an opening (not shown).
  • the first glass sheet 100, the transparent flexible display 300, and the second glass sheet 200 are inserted into the opening of the frame 700 and are then mounted therein.
  • part of the flexible printed circuit board 340 of the transparent flexible display 300 and the LED driver 400 are fastened to an inside of the frame 700.
  • a material of the frame 700 includes a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, a plastic such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and wood, and without being limited thereto, any materials for forming a window frame according to the prior art are usable.
  • a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel
  • a plastic such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
  • wood any materials for forming a window frame according to the prior art are usable.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly 30 according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the glass assembly according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a first glass sheet 100, a second glass sheet 200, a transparent flexible display 300, an LED driver 400, a first sealing member 500, a second sealing member 600, a third glass sheet 800, and a spacer 900, and if needed, it may further include a frame 700.
  • first glass sheet 100, the second glass sheet 200, the transparent flexible display 300, the LED driver 400, the first sealing member 500, and the second sealing member 600 correspond to those provided with reference to the first exemplary embodiment, and the description on the frame 700 corresponds to that provided according to the second exemplary embodiment, so they will be omitted.
  • the third glass sheet 800 is separately disposed from the second glass sheet 200 to face the same.
  • the third glass sheet 800 in a like manner of the first glass sheet 100, is a plate-shaped member including glass and/or a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC), and it may be colorless and transparent, or colored and transparent.
  • the third glass sheet may have the same or different material(s), color(s), and/or light transmittance as/from the first and second glass sheets.
  • the third glass sheet 800 may be low-e glass.
  • the low-e glass 800 includes, as shown in FIG. 4, a glass sheet 810 and a metal layer (preferably a silver layer) formed on at least one side thereof.
  • a metal layer preferably a silver layer
  • the shape of the third glass sheet 800 may be planar or curved, and it may be the same as or different from the first and second glass sheets.
  • a curvature radius (R) may be preferably about 0.2 to 0.3 m.
  • the spacer 900 is inserted into a separated space between the second glass sheet 200 and the third glass sheet 800 to maintain the gap between the second and third glass sheets 200 and 800.
  • An air layer exists between the second glass sheet 200 and the third glass sheet 800 by the spacer 900, thereby improve insulation performance.
  • the spacer 900 may be disposed on the edge of the second and third glass sheets 200 and 800, or it may be disposed in a matrix arrangement in a plan view. When the spacer is disposed in a matrix arrangement as described, a thickness deviation between the edge of the second and third glass sheets 200 and 800 and a center may be minimized.
  • a transparent electrode layer (sheet resistance: about 1 ⁇ /sq.) is formed by forming a circuit pattern (line width: 15 ⁇ m) with a copper mesh through a mask and etching process on one side of a PET film base (size: 500 mm ⁇ 600 mm, thickness: 250 ⁇ m). After this, a silver (Ag) solder is formed on the transparent electrode layer through a screen printing process, and a plurality of LEDs (height: about 1 mm) are mounted on each the silver (Ag) solder by using a low temperature SMT (surface mount technology) process.
  • SMT surface mount technology
  • an FPCB is bonded to one edge of the transparent electrode layer through an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) bonding process, and a transparent adhesive layer (thickness: 100 ⁇ m) is formed by laminating an OCA film (SungJin Global Company, Model title: S_OAHM) that is a silicon adhesive on a second side of the PET film base, thereby manufacturing a transparent light emitting diode film.
  • ACF anisotropic conductive film
  • a first PVB resin film (thickness: 0.76 mm), a transparent light emitting diode film manufactured in Exemplary Embodiment 1-1, a second PVB resin film (thickness: 1.52 mm), and a second glass pane are sequentially accumulated on a first glass pane, they are pressurized with the pressure of 11.5 bar at the temperature of 130 °C and are then bonded to each other to thus manufacture the glass assembly.
  • a transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is bonded to the first PVB resin film.
  • the transparent light emitting diode film is manufactured by performing in a like manner of Exemplary Embodiment 1-1 except for formation of a transparent adhesive layer by laminating an OCA film on another side of the PET film base in Exemplary Embodiment 1-1.
  • the glass assembly is manufactured by performing in a like manner of Exemplary Embodiment 1-2 except for the use of the transparent light emitting diode film manufactured according to Comparative Example 1-1 instead of the transparent light emitting diode film used in Exemplary Embodiment 1-1.
  • the glass assembly according to Exemplary Embodiment 1 has a similar optical characteristic to the glass assembly according to Comparative Example 1.
  • the optical characteristic of the glass assembly according to the present invention is not deteriorated because of the transparent adhesive layer.
  • Light transmittance in the visible light region (550 nm) is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
  • Sheet resistance A sheet resistance value of the transparent electrode layer in the glass assembly is measured by using a contactless sheet resistance measuring device (NAGY, Model title: SRM-12).
  • Heating temperature A surface temperature of the glass sheet in the glass assembly is measured by using an infrared ray temperature camera (FLIR, Model title: T640) in the full white condition of the entire LED with an applying current of 0.5 mA and an applying voltage of 5 V.
  • FLIR infrared ray temperature camera
  • the glass assembly according to an exemplary embodiment 1 has the light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % and the sheet resistance that is 1 ⁇ /sq., thereby satisfying Equation 1 and Equation 2.
  • the glass assembly according to the present invention has low sheet resistance, so it has low power consumption and a low amount of generated heat, and it obtains visual transparency.
  • a transparent adhesive layer [an OCA film (SungJin Global Company, S_OAHM)] of the transparent light emitting diode film is attached to the transparent base film (PET film) according to an ASTMD3330 testing method, and a time when the transparent adhesive layer is delaminated from the transparent base film is measured. Further, the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the PVB resin film is measured by performing in a like manner of the previous description except for the use of the sealing member (PVB resin film) instead of the transparent base film.
  • Yellowness index (YI) The transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is exposed for 500 hours in a testing condition of 85 °C/85RH %, and the yellowness index at 550 nm is measured according to the ASTM E313 standard by using a spectrophotometer.
  • Light transmittance The transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is exposed 500 hours in the testing condition of 85 °C/85RH %, and light transmittance in the visible light region (550 nm) is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
  • Haze The transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is exposed for 500 hours in the testing condition of 85 °C/85RH %, and transmittance haze is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
  • 300 transparent flexible display
  • 310 transparent base film
  • 320 transparent electrode layer
  • 330 light emitting diode (LED)

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images. The glass assembly comprises a first glass sheet; a second glass sheet arranged opposite to the first glass sheet; a transparent flexible display interposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, and displaying an image; a first sealing member disposed between the first glass sheet and the transparent flexible display; and a second sealing member disposed between the second glass sheet and the transparent flexible display.

Description

GLASS ASSEMBLY
The present invention relates to a glass assembly, and particularly relates to a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images.
In general, a glass window functions to allow external light to enter into an interior place, and selectively block or supply external air to appropriately ventilate interior air, and when it is shut, it blocks thermal flows into/out of the interior and the exterior to maintain cooling and heating effects.
Recently, windows made of an LED electronic signage glass assembly into which an LED is inserted have been used as glass windows of a building. The windows made of an LED electronic signage glass assembly may have a lighting effect or an advertising effect without damaging a usual function of the glass window. However, regarding the LED electronic signage glass assembly, an LED is inserted between two glass panes, and in this instance, the LED is mounted on a transparent electrode layer formed on the glass pane. Therefore, in the case of the LED electronic signage glass assembly, when some of the LEDs are out of order, the LED electronic signage glass assembly itself must be replaced. Further, the LED electronic signage glass assembly has been needed to be specially designed and manufactured according to the design of the window of the building in which it is to be installed.
The present invention has been made in an effort to provide a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a glass assembly including: a first glass sheet; a second glass sheet arranged opposite to the first glass sheet; a transparent flexible display interposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, and displaying an image; an LED driver for controlling driving of the transparent flexible display; a first sealing member disposed between the first glass sheet and the transparent flexible display; and a second sealing member disposed between the second glass sheet and the transparent flexible display, wherein the transparent flexible display includes a transparent base film, a transparent electrode layer disposed on one side of the transparent base film, a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) mounted on the transparent electrode layer, one or a plurality of flexible printed circuit boards (FPCB) disposed on at least one edge of the transparent electrode layer and electrically connecting the transparent electrode layer and the LED driver, and a transparent adhesive layer disposed on the other side of the transparent base film, and attaching the transparent base film to the first sealing member.
The glass assembly may further include a frame including an opening in which the first glass sheet, the transparent flexible display, and the second glass sheet are disposed.
The glass assembly may further include: a third glass sheet spaced from and disposed opposite to the second glass sheet; and a spacer inserted into a space between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet to maintain a gap between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet. In this instance, the third glass sheet may be low-e glass.
The present invention interposes the flexible display with excellent light transmittance between two glass sheets, thereby maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images. Therefore, the present invention may be applied as external windows of a building or windshield glass of vehicles, thereby maintaining interior cooling and heating effects, providing desired information to a user, and being usable as lighting or advertising means.
Further, the transparent flexible display includes a transparent adhesive layer, so the present invention may stably maintain a bonded state between the transparent flexible display and the glass sheet without deterioration of transparency while it is exposed to various external environments for a long time.
In addition, the present invention may attach the transparent flexible display to the glass sheet without distortion or peeling because of the transparent adhesive layer of the transparent flexible display when it is manufactured, and the transparent flexible display may be easily realigned when the same is misaligned, thereby improving productivity and processibility.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly according to a first example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a top plan view of a transparent flexible display of a glass assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a graph for indicating wavelength-transmittance on a glass assembly according to a first exemplary embodiment and a first comparative example.
FIG. 6 shows a graph for indicating wavelength-reflectance on a glass assembly according to a first exemplary embodiment and a first comparative example.
The present invention will now be described with reference to accompanying drawings.
The present invention may be modifiable in various ways and may be realized in various forms, so specific examples will be exemplified in the drawings and will be mainly described in the present specification. The range of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples, and it is to be understood that the present invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
Throughout this specification and the claims that follow, when it is described that an element is "coupled" to another element, the element may be "directly coupled" to the other element or "electrically coupled" to the other element through a third element. Unless explicitly described to the contrary, the word "comprise" and variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" will be understood to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements.
Terminologies such as first and second may be used to describe various constituent elements, but the constituent elements are not limited by such terminologies. The terminologies may be used only for discriminating one constituent element from other constituent elements. For example, a first constituent element could be termed a second or third constituent element, and similarly, a second or third constituent element could be alternately termed, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive, and like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.
The present inventors intended to provide a glass assembly for maintaining visual transparency while displaying characters or images by inserting an additional transparent LED film in which an LED is mounted on a transparent base film between glass sheets.
In this instance, when the glass assembly is manufactured, a transparent LED film is disposed between the glass sheets, and the glass sheet and the transparent LED film are bonded with each other by use of a sealing member. However, when the glass sheet is bonded to the transparent LED film, the transparent LED film is not fixed to the sealing member, and the transparent LED film may accordingly be distorted. Further, when a plurality of transparent LED films are separately arranged among large glass sheets, and the glass sheet is bonded to the transparent LED film, the LED film may be distorted and the transparent LED film after the bonding may be misaligned.
Hence, the present inventors recognized that deformation and misalignment of the transparent LED films are prevented when a plurality of transparent LED films are arranged among glass sheets by using the transparent adhesive layer adherence and optical transparency of the glass sheets and the sealing member.
Therefore, the glass assembly according to the present invention includes a first glass sheet, a plurality of transparent flexible displays including a transparent adhesive layer, a sealing member, and a second glass sheet. The above-described present invention maintains visual transparency while displaying of characters or images, so it may be applied to external windows of a building or a windshield glass of vehicles to maintain the function of the window, provide desired information to the user, and may be usable as lighting or advertising means. Further, the present invention may stably maintain the bonded state between the transparent flexible display and the glass sheet without deterioration of transparency while it is exposed to various external environments for a long time. In addition, the present invention may attach the transparent flexible display to the glass sheet without misalignment of the transparent flexible display or distortion or peeling because of the transparent adhesive layer of the transparent flexible display when it is manufactured, and the transparent flexible display may be easily realigned when the same is misaligned, thereby improving productivity and processibility.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly 10 according to a first example of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the glass assembly 10 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first glass sheet 100, a second glass sheet 200, a transparent flexible display 300, an LED driver 400, a first sealing member 500, and a second sealing member 600.
Respective constituent elements of the glass assembly according to the present invention will now be described.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the first glass sheet 100 is a plate member including glass and/or a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC), and it may be colorless and transparent, or colored and transparent. In this instance, light transmittance of the first glass sheet 100 with respect to visible light may be equal to or greater than 85 %.
The first glass sheet 100 may have a planar shape, or a curved shape like a bow. Here, when the first glass sheet has a curved shape, it is preferable for the curvature radius (R) to be about 0.2 to 0.3 m.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the second glass sheet 200 is arranged opposite to the first glass sheet 100. The second glass sheet 200, in a like manner of the first glass sheet 100, is a plate member including glass and/or a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC), and it may be colorless and transparent, or colored and transparent. In this instance, light transmittance of the second glass sheet 200 may be equal to or greater than 85 %. The second glass sheet may have the same or different material(s), color(s), and/or light transmittance as/from the first glass sheet.
The second glass sheet 200 has a planar shape or a curved shape, and it may have the same or different shape as the first glass sheet. Here, when the second glass sheet has a curved shape, a curvature radius (R) is preferably about 0.2 to 0.3 m.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the transparent flexible display 300 is interposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, and it displays image and character information. Further, the transparent flexible display 300 has a yellowness index (YI) value that is equal to or less than 3.0, so that external light can enter, transparency of the glass assembly is not deteriorated, and a view of the user is not interrupted.
In the present invention, one transparent flexible display 300 may be provided. In another way, as shown in FIG. 2, there may be a plurality of transparent flexible displays 300. The plurality of transparent flexible displays may display one large image. That is, when a video signal is divided according to a screen dividing method set in the LED driver, one large image may be generated into a plurality of divided images, and the respective divided images may be displayed through respective corresponding transparent flexible displays.
The transparent flexible display 300 includes a transparent base film 310, a transparent electrode layer 320, a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) 330, a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340, and a transparent adhesive layer 350.
Regarding the transparent flexible display according to the present invention, the transparent base film 310 is attached to the first sealing member 500 through the transparent adhesive layer 350, and it may be a single-layered or multi-layered light-transmissive polymer film. The light-transmissive polymer film preferably has insulation and heat resistance properties so as to prevent energy from being leaked to the outside and also prevent the change of state by external light. Examples of the transparent base film include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and a cyclo olefin polymer (COP), but they are not limited thereto. According to an exemplary embodiment, the transparent base film 310 may be a COP film. In this case, heat resistance is excellent, and durability of the glass assembly is improved.
A thickness of the transparent base film is not limited. However, when the transparent base film is very thin, the transparent base film may be transformed or the transparent electrode layer may be cracked by a pressure applied to the LED side when the glass assembly is bonded. In addition, when the transparent base film is very thick, the glass sheet may be cracked because of stress. According to an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the transparent base film may be about 200 to 300 μm. In this case, the above-described drawbacks don't exist and heat resistance is excellent, so that thermal transformation of the transparent base film may be prevented when the glass assembly is exposed to external light for a long time.
Regarding the transparent flexible display according to the present invention, the transparent electrode layer 320 is disposed on one side of the transparent base film 310, and drives the light emitting diode (LED) 330. Further, the transparent electrode layer 320 is light transmissive, thereby transmitting the light coming from the outside, so the glass assembly according to the present invention has excellent visual transparency.
The transparent electrode layer 320 includes at least one circuit pattern formed of at least one electrode material selected from among a group including a metallic nanowire, a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), a metal mesh, a carbon nanotube, and graphene.
Here, non-limiting examples of the metal nanowire include a silver (Ag) nanowire, a copper nanowire, and a nickel nanowire, which may be used individually or which may be used by mixing at least two of the same. Non-limiting examples of the transparent conductive oxide include an indium tin oxide (ITO), an indium zinc oxide (IZO), a zinc oxide (ZnO), an aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), and an indium oxide (In2O3), which may be used individually or which may be used by mixing at least two of the same. Non-limiting examples of the metal mesh include a silver (Ag) mesh, a gold (Au) mesh, a copper (Cu) mesh, and an aluminum (Al) mesh, which may be used individually or which may be used by mixing at least two of the same. Amongst them, the silver nanowire, the copper mesh, and the silver mesh have excellent conductivity and light transmittance, and the ITO and the IZO have low resistivity, they may be deposited at a low temperature, and light transmittance of visible light is high.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the transparent electrode layer 320 may include a circuit pattern formed of an electrode material selected from among a group including a silver (Ag) nanowire, a copper mesh, and a silver mesh. In this instance, a width and a thickness of the circuit pattern are not specifically limited. However, when the circuit pattern has the width of about 5 to 15 μm and the thickness of about 0.2 to 1μm, the transparent electrode layer 120 has sheet resistance of about 0.5 to 3 Ω/sq. The glass assembly including the transparent electrode layer 320 has light transmittance of about 70 to 80 % and light reflectance of about 8 to 15% in a wavelength (the wavelength of 400 to 700 nm) of visible light. Particularly, when the glass assembly according to the present invention has the light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % in the wavelength of the visible light region and satisfies Equation 1, the view is not blocked by the transparent electrode layer 320, visibility from the interior or exterior may be obtained, and an appearance characteristic, electrical conductivity, and visual transparency may be further improved.
[Equation 1]
Figure PCTKR2019006319-appb-I000001
(In Equation 1,
T is light transmittance of the corresponding glass assembly in the wavelength of the visible light region, and
Rs is sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer).
According to an exemplary embodiment, the glass assembly has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % in the wavelength of the visible light region, and satisfies Equation 2. In this case, the glass assembly has excellent electrical conductivity, so it has low power consumption and low generation of heat, and it acquires visual transparency, so it may display the characters or images more clearly.
[Equation 2]
Figure PCTKR2019006319-appb-I000002
(In Equation 2,
T is light transmittance of the corresponding glass assembly in the wavelength of the visible light region, and
Rs is sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer).
The above-noted transparent electrode layer 320 may be formed according to a method known to a skilled person in the art. For example, the transparent electrode layer 310 may form at least one circuit pattern by coating the above-described electrode material on the transparent base film 310 and irradiating laser beams or performing a mask and etching process. In another way, the circuit pattern made of an electrode material may be formed on the transparent base film 310 through an inkjet printing process. However, it is not limited thereto.
Regarding the transparent flexible display according to the present invention, the light emitting diode (LED) 330 is a light emitter installed on the transparent electrode layer 320 and that flickers according to supplying of energy. A plurality of LEDs are separated from each other and are arranged in a matrix form, thereby displaying various types of characters or images and also displaying videos.
The LED 330 usable in the present invention may be those that are conventionally known to a skilled person without specific limits. In this instance, the LED 330 may be single color LEDs such as a red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED, or may be double-color LEDs such as R and G or triple-color LEDs such as R, G, and B. Here, when the respective LEDs 330 are triple-color LEDs of R, G, and B, characters or image with various colors may be displayed.
The LED 330 may be fixed on the transparent electrode layer 320 through a mounting method known to a person skilled in the art. For example, a pad (not shown) including a material with high electrical conductivity such as silver (Ag) may be formed on at least part of the transparent electrode layer 320. In this case, the light emitting diode may be fixed to a pad (not shown) by using a low-temperature surface mount technology (SMT) process. In this instance, the light emitting diode may be attached to the pad through soldering.
Regarding the transparent flexible display according to the present invention, the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340 is a portion disposed on at least one edge of the transparent electrode layer 320, in detail, a pad (not shown) provided on an edge of the transparent electrode layer 320, and it electrically connects the transparent electrode layer 320 and the LED driver 400. That is, the LED driver 400 may control the driving of the LED through the flexible printed circuit board 340. Therefore, a portion of the flexible printed circuit board 340 contacts the transparent electrode layer 320, and the rest thereof is exposed outside to contact the LED driver 400. Because of this, it is preferable for the flexible printed circuit board to have a strip shape with a predetermined length. In this instance, a length of the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) may be about 10 to 150 mm, but it is not limited thereto.
There may be one or a plurality of flexible printed circuit boards (FPCB) 340. However, when the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340 is disposed on many portions of the edge of the transparent electrode layer 320, junction reliability of the glass assembly may be deteriorated. Therefore, it is preferable to control widths of the respective flexible printed circuit boards so that a ratio of the entire width W of the flexible printed circuit board to a length (L) of the edge of the transparent electrode layer may be in a range of about 0.1 to 0.5. Here, the entire width W of the flexible printed circuit board is a summation (nХW1) of widths W1 of n flexible printed circuit boards, and in this instance, the widths of the flexible printed circuit boards may be equivalent to or different from each other.
Regarding the transparent flexible display according to the present invention, the transparent adhesive layer 350 is disposed on the other side of the transparent base film 310 to attach the transparent base film to the first sealing member 500. In this instance, the transparent adhesive layer 350 may be disposed on an entire side of the transparent base film 310 or a portion of the surface (e.g., an edge of the transparent base film or respective corners).
The transparent adhesive layer 350 is made of an optically transparent adhesive. For example, the transparent adhesive layer 350 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of an acrylic-based adhesive and a silicon-based adhesive. The transparent adhesive layer 350 including the above-noted adhesive may maintain an adhered state with the transparent base film, and may stick (i.e., be detached and attached) to the first sealing member. That is, a peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the transparent base film is greater than a peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the first sealing member. For example, the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer 350 from the transparent base film (e.g., a PET film) may be greater than the peel strength from the sealing member (e.g., a PVB resin film) by about 16 to 60 times, in detail, about 20 to 50 times. According to an exemplary embodiment, the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the transparent base film (preferably, a PET film) according to an ASTM D3330 testing method is 1000±200 gf/25 mm, thereby maintaining the state in which it is stably attached to the transparent base film. Further, the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer 350 from the sealing member (preferably, a PVB resin film) according to the ASTM D3330 testing method is about 20 to 50 gf/25 mm, so the transparent adhesive layer 350 may be attached to the first sealing member and may also be easily detached from the first sealing member by a predetermined external force without physical damage. In this instance, the transparent adhesive layer 350 has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than about 94 % in the wavelength of the visible light region and a refractive index of about 1.4 to 1.5.
The thickness of the transparent adhesive layer 350 is not specifically limited, and for example, it may be about 20 to 250 μm. The transparent adhesive layer 350 with the above-noted thickness has a refractive index of about 1.4 to 1.5. Hence, a view of a user may not be interrupted by the transparent adhesive layer 350, and external light may enter the inside.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the LED driver 400 is electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 340 of the transparent flexible display 300, and it controls driving of the transparent flexible display 300.
In detail, when an electrical signal of a character or an image to be displayed to the transparent flexible display 300 is received by the LED driver 400, the LED driver 400 controls supplying of power to a plurality of LEDs 330 in the transparent flexible display 300 according to the electrical signal individually or by groups, so a plurality of LEDs are turned on/off individually or by groups. Accordingly, the transparent flexible display 300 may display single-color or multi-color images or characters, and may further provide videos.
The LED driver 400 may be configured with constituent elements known to a person skilled in the art. For example, although not shown, the LED driver 400 may be configured with a power unit (e.g., a voltage regulator) and a signal applier (e.g., a gate driver). Here, the signal applier controls an amount of current applied to the respective LEDs 330 through the power unit according to the electrical signal (e.g., a digital signal) received from an external controller (e.g., a microcontroller). Accordingly, the turn on/off of a plurality of LEDs 330 in the transparent flexible display 300 are controlled individually or by groups, thereby displaying image or character information. When the respective LEDs 330 in the transparent flexible display 300 are configured with a combination of the R, G, and B, the LED driver 400 controls the combination of the R, G, and B of the respective LEDs by grouping the same, thereby displaying images or characters with various colors. However, constituent elements and/or control methods of the LED driver 400 are modifiable in various ways according to design schemes, and are not limited thereto.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the first sealing member 500 is disposed between the first glass sheet 100 and the transparent flexible display 300, seals the transparent flexible display 300 to the first glass sheet 100, and prevents the first glass sheet 100 and the transparent flexible display 300 from being separated from each other. In addition, the first sealing member 500 prevents external air such as moisture or oxygen from permeating into the transparent flexible display 300.
The first sealing member 500 may be disposed on the entire side of the first glass sheet 100. In another way, although not shown, the first sealing member 500 may be disposed on the edge of the first glass sheet 100.
The first sealing member 500 is formed of an optically transparent polymer so as to not interrupt the view of the user but receiving external light. A material of the first sealing member includes polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resins and an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, but it is not limited thereto. For example, the first sealing member is formed of a PVB resin. In this case, the first sealing member may seal the transparent flexible display 300 to the first glass sheet 100, may interrupt external air, and may interrupt ultraviolet (UV) rays by more than about 99 %.
The thickness of the first sealing member 500 is not specifically limited. However, when the first sealing member is very thick, a pressure may be applied to the transparent flexible display in a process for bonding the glass sheets and the transparent flexible display, so the transparent electrode layer may be cracked, or light transmittance may be deteriorated. In addition, when the first sealing member is very thin, a sealing characteristic and interruption of external air may be deteriorated. Therefore, it is preferable for the first sealing member to have a thickness with the range of about 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the second sealing member 600 is disposed between the second glass sheet 200 and the transparent flexible display 300, and it prevents external air such as moisture or oxygen from permeating into the transparent flexible display 300.
As shown in FIG. 1, the second sealing member 600 may be disposed on the entire side of the transparent flexible display 300 to cover the transparent flexible display 300. In this case, the second sealing member 600 protects the LED of the transparent flexible display 300, and seals so that the transparent flexible display 300 and the second glass sheet 200 may not separate from each other. Although not shown, the second sealing member 600 may be disposed on the edge of the second glass sheet 200. In this case, a space portion is formed between the second glass sheet 200 and the transparent flexible display 300 because of the second sealing member 600.
In a like manner of the first sealing member 500, the second sealing member 600 is formed of an optically transparent polymer so as to receive external light without interrupting the view of the user. The material of the second sealing member is the same as the described material of the first sealing member, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. For example, the second sealing member is formed of a PVB resin. In this case, the second sealing member 600 may seal the transparent flexible display 300 to the second glass sheet 200, also interrupt the external air, and may interrupt the ultraviolet (UV) rays by more than about 99 %.
The thickness of the second sealing member 600 is controlled according to a height of the LED 330 in the transparent flexible display. However, to protect the LED 330 of the transparent flexible display and simultaneously prevent deterioration of light transmittance, it is preferable for the ratio (D1/H1) of the thickness D1 of the second sealing member to the height H1 of the light emitting diode (LED) to be in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
A glass assembly according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention will now be described.
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly 20 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
The glass assembly 20 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first glass sheet 100, a second glass sheet 200, a transparent flexible display 300, an LED driver 400, a first sealing member 500, a second sealing member 600, and a frame 700.
Descriptions of the first glass sheet 100, the second glass sheet 200, the transparent flexible display 300, the LED driver 400, the first sealing member 500, and the second sealing member 600 correspond to those provided with reference to the first exemplary embodiment, so they will be omitted.
The frame 700 is disposed at an edge of the first glass sheet 100 and the second glass sheet 200 to fix the first glass sheet 100 and the second glass sheet 200. The frame 700 includes an opening (not shown). The first glass sheet 100, the transparent flexible display 300, and the second glass sheet 200 are inserted into the opening of the frame 700 and are then mounted therein. In this instance, part of the flexible printed circuit board 340 of the transparent flexible display 300 and the LED driver 400 are fastened to an inside of the frame 700.
A material of the frame 700 includes a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, a plastic such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and wood, and without being limited thereto, any materials for forming a window frame according to the prior art are usable.
A glass assembly according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention will now be described.
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass assembly 30 according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
The glass assembly according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a first glass sheet 100, a second glass sheet 200, a transparent flexible display 300, an LED driver 400, a first sealing member 500, a second sealing member 600, a third glass sheet 800, and a spacer 900, and if needed, it may further include a frame 700.
Descriptions of the first glass sheet 100, the second glass sheet 200, the transparent flexible display 300, the LED driver 400, the first sealing member 500, and the second sealing member 600 correspond to those provided with reference to the first exemplary embodiment, and the description on the frame 700 corresponds to that provided according to the second exemplary embodiment, so they will be omitted.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the third glass sheet 800 is separately disposed from the second glass sheet 200 to face the same.
The third glass sheet 800, in a like manner of the first glass sheet 100, is a plate-shaped member including glass and/or a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC), and it may be colorless and transparent, or colored and transparent. The third glass sheet may have the same or different material(s), color(s), and/or light transmittance as/from the first and second glass sheets.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the third glass sheet 800 may be low-e glass. Here, the low-e glass 800 includes, as shown in FIG. 4, a glass sheet 810 and a metal layer (preferably a silver layer) formed on at least one side thereof. When the low-e glass is used as the third glass sheet 800, insulation performance improves because of the metal layer, and energy may be saved by interrupting provision of external heat to the inside.
The shape of the third glass sheet 800 may be planar or curved, and it may be the same as or different from the first and second glass sheets. Here, when the third glass sheet 800 has a curved shape, a curvature radius (R) may be preferably about 0.2 to 0.3 m.
Regarding the glass assembly according to the present invention, the spacer 900 is inserted into a separated space between the second glass sheet 200 and the third glass sheet 800 to maintain the gap between the second and third glass sheets 200 and 800. An air layer exists between the second glass sheet 200 and the third glass sheet 800 by the spacer 900, thereby improve insulation performance.
The spacer 900 may be disposed on the edge of the second and third glass sheets 200 and 800, or it may be disposed in a matrix arrangement in a plan view. When the spacer is disposed in a matrix arrangement as described, a thickness deviation between the edge of the second and third glass sheets 200 and 800 and a center may be minimized.
The present invention will be described in detail through exemplary embodiments, and the exemplary embodiments and experimental examples are examples of one form of the present invention, and a range of the present invention is not limited by the exemplary embodiments and experimental examples to be described.
[Exemplary Embodiment 1]
1-1. Manufacturing a transparent light emitting diode film
A transparent electrode layer (sheet resistance: about 1 Ω/sq.) is formed by forming a circuit pattern (line width: 15 μm) with a copper mesh through a mask and etching process on one side of a PET film base (size: 500 mmХ600 mm, thickness: 250 μm). After this, a silver (Ag) solder is formed on the transparent electrode layer through a screen printing process, and a plurality of LEDs (height: about 1 mm) are mounted on each the silver (Ag) solder by using a low temperature SMT (surface mount technology) process. After this, an FPCB is bonded to one edge of the transparent electrode layer through an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) bonding process, and a transparent adhesive layer (thickness: 100 μm) is formed by laminating an OCA film (SungJin Global Company, Model title: S_OAHM) that is a silicon adhesive on a second side of the PET film base, thereby manufacturing a transparent light emitting diode film.
1-2. Manufacturing a glass assembly
A first PVB resin film (thickness: 0.76 mm), a transparent light emitting diode film manufactured in Exemplary Embodiment 1-1, a second PVB resin film (thickness: 1.52 mm), and a second glass pane are sequentially accumulated on a first glass pane, they are pressurized with the pressure of 11.5 bar at the temperature of 130 °C and are then bonded to each other to thus manufacture the glass assembly. In this instance, a transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is bonded to the first PVB resin film.
[Comparative Example 1]
1-1. Manufacturing a transparent light emitting diode film
The transparent light emitting diode film is manufactured by performing in a like manner of Exemplary Embodiment 1-1 except for formation of a transparent adhesive layer by laminating an OCA film on another side of the PET film base in Exemplary Embodiment 1-1.
1-2. Manufacturing a glass assembly
The glass assembly is manufactured by performing in a like manner of Exemplary Embodiment 1-2 except for the use of the transparent light emitting diode film manufactured according to Comparative Example 1-1 instead of the transparent light emitting diode film used in Exemplary Embodiment 1-1.
[Experimental Example 1: Estimation of optical characteristic of glass assembly]
To check the optical characteristic of the glass assembly manufactured in Exemplary Embodiment 1, respective test items described in Tables 1 and 2 in addition to light transmittance and light reflectance of the glass assembly in the wavelength of 295 to 2500 nm by using a spectrophotometer are measured, and corresponding results are shown in following Tables 1 and 2 and FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. In this instance, the yellowness index (YI) at 550 nm is measured according to the ASTM E313 standard.
TT (%) Vis T (%) Vis R (%) TE (%) RE (%)
Exemplary Embodiment 1 69.34 69.24 16.32 54.34 14.61
Comparative Example 1 69.42 69.3 16.09 54.49 14.33
* TT: total transmittance* Vis T: visible transmittance * Vis R: visible reflectance* TE: solar energy transmittance* RE: solar energy reflectance
Transmittance L* value Transmittance a* value Transmittance b* value Reflectance L* value Reflectance a* value Reflectance b* value Haze YI
Exemplary embodiment 1 86.62 - 1.67 2.96 47.4 4.36 6.13 2.14 5.82
Comparative Example 1 86.65 - 1.79 2.94 47.09 4.4 5.97 2.75 5.75
According to Tables 1 and 2, the glass assembly according to Exemplary Embodiment 1 has a similar optical characteristic to the glass assembly according to Comparative Example 1.
As described, it is checked that the optical characteristic of the glass assembly according to the present invention is not deteriorated because of the transparent adhesive layer.
[Experimental Example 2: Estimation of physical property of glass assembly]
The physical properties of the glass assembly manufactured in Exemplary Embodiment 1 are estimated as follows, and corresponding results are shown in the following Table 3.
1) Light transmittance: Light transmittance in the visible light region (550 nm) is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
2) Sheet resistance: A sheet resistance value of the transparent electrode layer in the glass assembly is measured by using a contactless sheet resistance measuring device (NAGY, Model title: SRM-12).
3) Power consumption: Maximum power consumption of the glass assembly is calculated in a full white condition of the entire LED with an applying current of 0.5 mA and an applying voltage of 12 V.
4) Heating temperature: A surface temperature of the glass sheet in the glass assembly is measured by using an infrared ray temperature camera (FLIR, Model title: T640) in the full white condition of the entire LED with an applying current of 0.5 mA and an applying voltage of 5 V.
Light Transmittance (T)(%) Sheet resistance (Rs)(Ω/sq.) T/Rs Power consumption (W/m2) Heating temperature (°C)
Exemplary Embodiment 1 70.5 1 70.5 48.6 28
As an experimental result, the glass assembly according to an exemplary embodiment 1 has the light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % and the sheet resistance that is 1 Ω/sq., thereby satisfying Equation 1 and Equation 2.
As described, it is found that the glass assembly according to the present invention has low sheet resistance, so it has low power consumption and a low amount of generated heat, and it obtains visual transparency.
[Experimental Example 3: Estimation of physical property of transparent adhesive layer in transparent light emitting diode film]
The physical property of the transparent adhesive layer in the transparent light emitting diode film manufactured in Exemplary Embodiment 1 is estimated as follows, and corresponding results are shown in the following Table 4.
1) Peel strength: A transparent adhesive layer [an OCA film (SungJin Global Company, S_OAHM)] of the transparent light emitting diode film is attached to the transparent base film (PET film) according to an ASTMD3330 testing method, and a time when the transparent adhesive layer is delaminated from the transparent base film is measured. Further, the peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the PVB resin film is measured by performing in a like manner of the previous description except for the use of the sealing member (PVB resin film) instead of the transparent base film.
2) Yellowness index (YI): The transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is exposed for 500 hours in a testing condition of 85 °C/85RH %, and the yellowness index at 550 nm is measured according to the ASTM E313 standard by using a spectrophotometer.
3) Light transmittance: The transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is exposed 500 hours in the testing condition of 85 °C/85RH %, and light transmittance in the visible light region (550 nm) is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
4) Haze: The transparent adhesive layer of the transparent light emitting diode film is exposed for 500 hours in the testing condition of 85 °C/85RH %, and transmittance haze is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
Peel strength (gf/25 mm) YI Light Transmittance (%) Haze (%)
PET film PVB resin film
Exemplary Embodiment 1 1,000 20 Equal to or less than 1.0 94% Equal to or less than 1.0
The present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments, but may be implemented in various different forms. It may be understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains that the present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without changing the spirit or essential features thereof. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are not restrictive but are exemplary in all aspects.
<Description of symbols>
100: first glass sheet, 200: second glass sheet,
300: transparent flexible display, 310: transparent base film,
320: transparent electrode layer, 330: light emitting diode (LED),
340: flexible printed circuit board, 350: transparent adhesive layer,
400: LED driver, 500: first sealing member,
600: second sealing member, 700: frame,
800: third glass sheet, 900: spacer

Claims (24)

  1. A glass assembly comprising:
    a first glass sheet;
    a second glass sheet arranged opposite to the first glass sheet;
    a transparent flexible display interposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, and displaying an image;
    an LED driver for controlling driving of the transparent flexible display;
    a first sealing member disposed between the first glass sheet and the transparent flexible display; and
    a second sealing member disposed between the second glass sheet and the transparent flexible display,
    wherein the transparent flexible display includes
    a transparent base film,
    a transparent electrode layer disposed on one side of the transparent base film,
    a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) mounted on the transparent electrode layer,
    one or a plurality of flexible printed circuit boards (FPCB) disposed on at least one edge of the transparent electrode layer and electrically connecting the transparent electrode layer and the LED driver, and
    a transparent adhesive layer disposed on the other side of the transparent base film, and attaching the transparent base film to the first sealing member.
  2. The glass assembly of claim 1, wherein
    the multiple transparent flexible displays are included and are disposed to be separated from each other.
  3. The glass assembly of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein
    the transparent flexible display has a yellowness index (YI) value that is equal to or less than 3.0.
  4. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein
    the transparent base film is a light-transmissive polymer film with a thickness of 200 to 300 μm.
  5. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 4, wherein
    the transparent electrode layer includes a circuit pattern formed of at least one electrode material selected from among a metallic nanowire, a transparent conductive oxide, a metal mesh, a carbon nanotube, and graphene.
  6. The glass assembly of claim 5, wherein
    the transparent electrode layer includes a circuit pattern formed of an electrode material selected from among a silver (Ag) nanowire, a copper mesh, and a silver mesh.
  7. The glass assembly of claim 6, wherein
    the transparent electrode layer has sheet resistance of 0.5 to 3 Ω/sq.
  8. The glass assembly of claim 6, wherein
    the glass assembly has light transmittance of 70 to 80 % and light reflectance of 8 to 15 % in the wavelength of a visible light region.
  9. The glass assembly of claim 6, wherein
    the glass assembly has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % in the wavelength of the visible light region, and it satisfies Equation 1:
    [Equation 1]
    Figure PCTKR2019006319-appb-I000003
    (in Equation 1,
    T is light transmittance of the corresponding glass assembly in the wavelength of the visible light region, and
    Rs is sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer).
  10. The glass assembly of claim 6, wherein
    the glass assembly has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 70 % in the wavelength of the visible light region, and satisfies Equation 2:
    [Equation 2]
    Figure PCTKR2019006319-appb-I000004
    (in Equation 2,
    T is light transmittance of the corresponding glass assembly in the wavelength of the visible light region, and
    Rs is sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer).
  11. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 10, wherein
    a length of the flexible printed circuit board is 10 to 150 mm.
  12. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 11, wherein
    a ratio (W/L) of an entire width W of the one or the plurality of flexible printed circuit boards to a length (L) of an edge of the transparent electrode layer is 0.1 to 0.5.
  13. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 12, wherein
    peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the transparent base film is greater than peel strength of the transparent adhesive layer from the first sealing member.
  14. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 13, wherein
    the transparent adhesive layer has light transmittance that is equal to or greater than 94 % in a wavelength of a visible light region.
  15. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 14, wherein
    the transparent adhesive layer has a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.5.
  16. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 15, wherein
    the transparent adhesive layer includes at least one selected from among an acrylic-based adhesive and a silicon-based adhesive.
  17. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 16, wherein
    a thickness of the transparent adhesive layer is 20 to 250 μm.
  18. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 17, wherein
    a ratio (D1/H1) of a thickness D1 of the second sealing member to a height (H1) of the light emitting diode is 1.5 to 2.5.
  19. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 18, wherein
    a thickness of the first sealing member is 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
  20. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 19, wherein
    the first glass sheet and second glass sheet independently have a planar shape or a curved shape.
  21. The glass assembly of claim 20, wherein
    the curved shape has a curvature radius (R) of 0.2 to 0.3 m.
  22. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 21, further comprising
    a frame including an opening in which the first glass sheet, the transparent flexible display, and the second glass sheet are disposed.
  23. The glass assembly of any one of claim 1 to claim 22, further comprising:
    a third glass sheet spaced from and disposed opposite to the second glass sheet; and
    a spacer inserted into a space between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet to maintain a gap between the second glass sheet and the third glass sheet.
  24. The glass assembly of claim 23, wherein
    the third glass sheet is low-e glass.
PCT/KR2019/006319 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Glass assembly WO2019231192A1 (en)

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