WO2019229136A1

WO2019229136A1 - Production method for a drive device, and test device

Info

Publication number: WO2019229136A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/063988
Authority: WO
Inventors: Marc Hehle; Steffen Frank
Original assignee: Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh
Priority date: 2018-05-30
Filing date: 2019-05-29
Publication date: 2019-12-05
Also published as: DE102018112910A1; DE102018112910B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method for a drive device (1001), having the steps of: - assembling the drive device (1001) in an assembly sequence (AM), - testing an assembly state (ZM) in the assembly sequence (AM), wherein - a three-dimensional virtual reference model (ARD) of the drive device (1001) is provided on an evaluation unit (800), wherein - the three-dimensional virtual reference model (ARD) is provided from a data system (900) which holds product-specific data, in particular data encompassing life-cycle phases, for the drive device (1001), and - a three-dimensional recording (AD) of the drive device (1001) is provided as a real image on the evaluation unit (200), wherein - the three-dimensional recording (AD) is created using a number of stereoscopic imaging devices (10, 20, 30) of a recording system (200) fitted to a gantry (102), wherein the gantry (102) and the drive device (1001) are movable relative to one another, - wherein, in order to test an assembly state (ZM), the three-dimensional virtual reference model (ARD) and the three-dimensional recording (AD) are compared and, in the event of a discrepancy, a number of differentiating features (MDIF) are determined, - and, for assembly, a correction suggestion (310) for a differentiating feature (MDIF) of the number of features is interactively displayed in an interaction device (300).

Description

Manufacturing method for a drive device and test device

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a manufacturing method for a drive device and a test device.

Manufacturing methods for complex technical systems, and in particular a drive device, preferably an internal combustion engine or a hybrid engine, are well known. Characteristic of such production methods of complex systems such as a drive device is that a relatively high number of components must be assembled correctly, in particular in a certain order. This increases the susceptibility to assembly errors that may affect the later functioning of the system up to the failure of the drive device. One approach to reducing this vulnerability is to provide one or more test steps in which to check the mounting state of the system.

In general, however, a check of the mounting state is associated with relatively high personal and / or manual effort. One of the reasons for this is that a plurality of individual components must be located in the assembled or partially assembled system and checked for their presence and condition. This control is usually visual, so by visual inspection, or tactile, that is, by a manual palpation or feeling of the point to be controlled. This relatively high manual proportion increases the risk that control will not be complete as individual components are overlooked or forgotten.

In an article by Sauer and Domheim "Model-based, optical examination of the completeness of assembled components" from 1./2. Fraunhofer IFF Colloquium "Networking Research - Accelerating Innovations" Magdeburg, 2007 (http://wwwisg.cs.uni-magdeburg.de/~lars/publications/Sauer_FHG_2007.pdf) is an approach for the automated testing of a mounting state of a fuselage shell as Example of a component from the aircraft industry presented. In this respect, a production method for a component is known, comprising the steps:

Mounting the component and checking a mounting state, wherein a three-dimensional virtual reference model of the component is provided on an evaluation unit, and a three-dimensional image of the component is provided as a real image on the evaluation unit, wherein wherein for checking a mounting state, the three-dimensional virtual reference model and the three-dimensional recording be matched. In this approach, in terms of a simple component, a three-dimensional virtual reference model is compared with a three-dimensional image as a real image of the component in order to determine missing or incorrectly mounted components on a component. The three-dimensional image is recorded by means of a camera, which can be moved by means of a six-axis robot, wherein the six-axis robot can be moved on rails. However, it is now desirable to improve the control of the assembly state especially with regard to a complex structure and procedure for mounting a drive device, in particular nevertheless to simplify it with regard to kinematics.

At this point, the invention begins, whose object is to provide an improved manufacturing method with mounting a drive device, which eliminates at least one of the above-mentioned disadvantages. In particular, should be an immediate

Corrective action may be possible with regard to a test result.

The object concerning the manufacturing method is solved by the invention with a manufacturing method of claim 1.

The invention thus relates to a manufacturing method for a drive device, comprising the steps of: mounting the drive device in an assembly process, testing a

Assembly state in the assembly process, wherein a three-dimensional virtual reference model the drive device is provided on an evaluation unit, wherein the three-dimensional virtual reference model is provided from a data system that holds product-specific, especially lifecycle phases, data for the drive device, and a three-dimensional image of the drive device is provided as a real image on the evaluation unit, wherein the three-dimensional recording is made with a mounted on a portal recording system, the portal and the drive means are movable relative to each other, to check a mounting state, the three-dimensional virtual reference model and the three-dimensional recording are adjusted and in case of deviation, a number of differential characteristics is determined and for mounting, a correction indication of a difference feature of the number is displayed interactively in an interaction device.

An essential realization of the invention is based on the fact that an at least partially automated checking of the mounting state can increase the reliability of the test result compared to a manual test. Furthermore, the invention has recognized that the testing can be carried out advantageously by detecting a three-dimensional image of the drive device to be tested by means of a recording system, in particular at least one stereoscopic imaging device, and by means of certain features the mounting state of the drive device by comparison with a three-dimensional virtual reference model is checked.

By automating the three-dimensional acquisition and matching with the three-dimensional virtual reference model, the inspection of the assembly state can advantageously be faster and more reliable, in particular compared to a manual check of the mounting state.

The checking of the mounting state can be done as an intermediate step - even several times - in the assembly process, and / or at the end of the assembly process.

By using a recording system attached to a portal, a three-dimensional image can be created by means of a relatively simple kinematics. This is advantageous in drive devices which have a high weight and large dimensions. For example, drive devices for driving container ships may have a weight of several hundred to several thousand tons. The method advantageously makes it possible that any deviations that are detected in the examination of the assembly state, immediately after the measurement, in particular without noticeable to an assembly worker delay, the assembly worker can be displayed. Thus, a direct correction of any assembly errors can be made without significant time delay. This can increase the productivity of production. Failures include, for example, the absence of a component, the presence of a wrong component, or the incorrect assembly of a component.

The invention leads to the solution of the problem also to a test device for use in the manufacturing method according to the invention, comprising: a portal, a receiving system, designed to create a three-dimensional recording of the drive means, an evaluation designed to compare a virtual reference model of the drive device with the three-dimensional recording and for determining a number of differential features in the event of a deviation between the virtual reference model and the three-dimensional recording, and an interaction device, in particular augmented reality glasses, designed to interactively display a correction reference to the difference feature. In the test device according to the invention, the advantages of the manufacturing method are advantageously used.

Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and specify in particular advantageous ways to realize the above-described concept within the scope of the problem and with regard to further advantages.

The term portal is meant in this context, in particular an arcuate arrangement. This need not necessarily touch the ground with both gantries, as long as it extends approximately arcuately or misshaped around the drive device to be tested in order to capture the largest possible circumference of the surface.

By arranging the test device on a portal, a relatively simple kinematics can be achieved, in particular in which the drive device to be tested merely has to be pushed into or through the test device. Additionally or alternatively, a preferred kinematics can be achieved in that the testing device is designed to be movable and can thus be moved over or along the drive device for the purpose of checking the state of assembly. It can be used a relatively simple kinematics. The fact that not all the areas of the drive device to be checked can be achieved directly with the cameras by the relatively simple kinematics can be at least partially compensated by a high-resolution recording system. In particular, by a resolution of the recording system on the surface of the drive device from a few millimeters to a tenth of a millimeter, the accuracy required for the examination of the mounting state can be achieved. For this purpose, suitable optics and image sensors are used in the recording system.

A three-dimensional virtual reference model can be generated automatically from design data, in particular CAD files. By using such design data, the testing device and the manufacturing process can be adapted relatively flexibly to individual product variants. Such design data are generally already present in the engineering department in manufacturing companies or even become - in the sense of a digital workflow - lifecycle phases across data systems, in particular in an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and / or product lifecycle management (PLM) system.

The matching of the three-dimensional virtual reference model and the three-dimensional recording for checking a mounting state can take place via suitable calculation methods, in particular via model-based calculation methods such as spring-mass models. In this case, deviations between a recorded measurement data record in the form of the three-dimensional recording and the three-dimensional virtual reference model can be determined and quantified. The matching may further include extracting features that characterize the mounting state of the drive device when generating the measurement data set based on the three-dimensional recording.

Such feature extraction can be done with known methods, in particular methods of model-based segmentation, for example on the basis of spring-mass models. By comparing these features with the features of a reference model, deviations can be detected. If a feature in the measurement data set does not correspond to the corresponding feature in the reference model, or if a feature in the three-dimensional virtual reference model is not included in a measurement data set of a three-dimensional image, such a deviation becomes Difference feature shown. A difference feature is thus a difference, that is to say a deviation between a desired feature of the three-dimensional virtual reference model and an actual feature of the three-dimensional recording.

The display of the correction reference to the difference feature includes, in particular, that based on the determined difference feature, a correction notice is generated and displayed on an interaction device. A corresponding correction notice can be selected, for example, from a set of correction notes, which is stored in a database. The correction note can be displayed in text form. Alternatively or additionally, the correction reference may comprise pictures or videos.

In the manufacturing method and in a further development of the testing device, it can be provided that the receiving system has at least one or more, ie a number, stereoscopic imaging devices. A stereoscopic imaging device can be designed, in particular, as a stereoscopic camera or as a stereoscopic camera pair, that is to say an arrangement of two matched cameras for the purpose of stereoscopic image acquisition.

In the manufacturing method, it may be provided that the recording system has a number of triangulation sensors. A triangulation sensor can have a point, line or area measuring range. A total measuring range can in particular be composed by the measuring ranges of several triangulation sensors. By means of a triangulation sensor can advantageously be made a non-contact measurement of a surface.

In the production method, it can be provided that a real image detail of the drive device is displayed interactively in an interaction device as a correction indication. This may include that - especially if the interaction device is designed as augmented reality glasses - the correction reference is displayed directly in the field of view of the assembly worker. Such an insertion can be context-sensitive, that is to say that the augmented reality spectacles capture the field of vision of the assembly worker and the indication at the corresponding location of the drive device (ie at the location in the image of the drive device that is visible in the field of vision of the spectacles). positioned where there is a need for correction. This allows the assembly worker to be notified of a need for correction in an intuitive way. Farther There may be a possibility for the assembly worker to deposit comments, for example to indicate difficulties or deviations from the reference model or to make suggestions for improvement. Such notes can be stored in the assembly log and used both for product documentation and for statistics on product and / or process optimization.

In the manufacturing method can be provided that the mounting of the drive means takes place in an assembly process at a mounting station and a relative movement between the tester and the drive means is generated at the mounting location. This may include that the drive device for checking the mounting state does not have to be moved to a measuring laboratory or the like testing laboratory, but can be advantageously tested at the assembly site.

The manufacturing method may further include the step of: generating a relative movement between the inspection device and the drive device. As a result of the relative movement, a three-dimensional recording of the drive device covering as complete as possible, that is, covering all areas of the drive device to be tested, can be detected. In this case, any alignment errors that arise, for example, through the handling of the drive device and / or the test device can be compensated by the evaluation unit during the processing of the measurement data, in particular when generating the measurement data set. Such a compensation can be done for example by the detection of reference surfaces on the drive device whose position is known.

In particular, it is provided that the recording of the three-dimensional image takes place via a number of stereoscopic imaging devices, in particular via three stereoscopic imaging devices. By three stereoscopic imaging devices, in particular stereoscopic camera pairs, the essential areas of the surface to be controlled can be detected. The number of three stereoscopic imaging devices thus represents a compromise of apparatus complexity and performance of the test device. In particular, a stereoscopic imaging device may be arranged on a gantry bridge, and in each case a further stereoscopic imaging device on a portal column. In this way, a relatively large proportion of the surface circumference of the drive device can be detected. In the manufacturing method can be provided that a stereoscopic imaging device of the number is formed, a location and / or a mounting dimension of a component and / or a connection to the drive device, in particular comprising an attachment of the periphery of an engine such as a turbocharger and a heat exchanger and / or comprehensively grasp a screw, clamp and / or plug connection and / or to analyze the measurement data record.

Specifically, this may include that the stereoscopic imaging device has a measurement accuracy that allows a precise determination of a position and / or a mounting dimension of a component and / or a connection. For determining the position of a component parallel to the optical axis of the stereoscopic imaging device, a high axial resolution of the device is required for this purpose. For determining the position of a component perpendicular to the optical axis of the stereoscopic imaging device, a high lateral resolution of the device is required for this purpose. A mounting dimension of a connection can be for example the Eindrehgrad, that is, the screwing of a screw. To determine the screwing position of a screw - depending on the size of the screw - a resolution of a few millimeters, down to the range of 0.1 mm is required.

The manufacturing method may further include the step of: performing a correction mounting step for correcting the differential feature instructed by the correction notice, in particular immediately after checking the mounting state. This implies that the assembler receives feedback immediately upon checking the mounting condition for any deviations from the target condition. In this way, deviations - in the figurative sense of a control loop - can be corrected directly. In particular, the checking of the mounting state can be advantageously integrated into the manufacturing process, thus reducing waiting times and delays caused by an external test.

In the production method, it can be provided that a measurement data record is generated on the basis of the three-dimensional recording. In the measurement data set further relevant data for measurement can be stored. These relevant data include, for example, features as a result of feature extraction, difference characteristics as a result of comparing three-dimensional recording with a three-dimensional virtual reference model, or metadata such as the date and time of the test and the name of the person who performed the test. The manufacturing method may further comprise the step of: storing the three-dimensional image (AD) and / or the measurement data set and / or an assembly protocol in an enterprise resource planning system, product lifecycle management system, or in the same data system containing product-specific data. This may include that results of the manufacturing process, in particular the measurement data set, and / or the assembly protocol can be stored and made available for different purposes in the company. In particular, this concerns the provision of data for product documentation that is as complete as possible and that accompanies life-cycle - in particular lifecycle phases. By means of such product data documentation, information can be retrieved from both the customer and service employees who later perform services on a drive device that pertain to the individual drive device. Beyond such product-specific use of the data, the stored data can be used to generate statistics that feed into the optimization of product development and production and / or assembly processes.

In particular, it is provided that the test device is formed stationary in the method, wherein the relative movement is generated by moving the drive means by means of a moving device, preferably through the test device, in particular at a mounting location for the drive device. This can include that the drive device is moved through the test device by means of a movement device. The movement device may be part of a higher-level material flow system of a production line. In this way, the manufacturing process, in particular the checking of the assembly state, can be integrated efficiently into an existing production or assembly process. Furthermore, the movement device can be designed as a component carrier on which the drive device can be moved and which has suitable rollers or wheels. Generating the relative movement via a driven and / or automated movement device further has the advantage that the assembly worker is physically relieved, since the drive device, which has a relatively high weight, does not have to be moved manually by the assembly worker. For larger dimensions and weight of the drive device, the component carrier can be driven by a drive, thus enabling the handling.

In particular, it is provided that the test device is designed to be movable in the method and the relative movement by moving the test device on the - in particular stationary - Drive device is generated. This may include that the testing device is guided on a moving device via the drive device, while the recording system creates the three-dimensional recording. Such a development is particularly useful in drive devices with high weight and / or large dimensions, where moving the drive means for generating the relative movement would be associated with relatively high effort.

A development of the testing device further comprises a movement device, which is designed to generate a relative movement between the testing device and the drive device.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described below with reference to the drawing. This is not necessarily to scale the embodiments, but the drawing, where appropriate for explanation, executed in a schematized and / or slightly distorted form. With regard to additions to the teachings directly recognizable from the drawing reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that various modifications and changes may be made in the form and detail of an embodiment without departing from the general idea of the invention. The disclosed in the description, in the drawing and in the claims features of the invention may be essential both individually and in any combination for the development of the invention. In addition, all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawings and / or the claims fall within the scope of the invention. The general idea of the invention is not limited to the exact form or detail of the preferred embodiments shown and described below or limited to an article which would be limited in comparison with the subject matter claimed in the claims. For the given design ranges, values within the stated limits should also be disclosed as limit values and be arbitrarily usable and claimable. For simplicity, the same reference numerals are used below for identical or similar parts or parts with identical or similar function.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in: 1 shows a test device according to the concept of the invention,

2 schematically shows the sequence of a manufacturing method according to the concept of

Invention,

FIG. 4 shows the comparison of measurement data record and reference model and generation of a

Correction indication.

1 shows a test device 100 according to the concept of the invention at an assembly location MP. The testing device 100 has a portal 102 which extends in the form of a gate over a movement device 700 such that the movement device 700 and / or the measurement objects 1000 moved on the movement device 700, in particular a drive device 1001, pass through the portal 102 through a passage plane ED. In preferred embodiments, as shown herein, three stereoscopic imaging devices 10, 20, 30 are disposed about the periphery of the portal 102. At a first portal column 102.1, a first stereoscopic imaging device 10 is arranged. At a second portal column 102.2, a second stereoscopic imaging device 20 is arranged. At a gantry bridge 102.3, a third stereoscopic imaging device 30 is arranged.

The movement device 700 may be designed as a conveyor belt 701 or the like conveying means, so that a relative movement RB is generated, wherein the relative movement RB may have a defined orientation relative to the testing device 100, which is perpendicular to the passage plane ED. Alternatively, the moving device 700 may be formed as an individual component carrier 702 holding a drive device 1001 or a limited number of measurement objects 1000, wherein this component carrier 702 including the drive device 1001 or including the at least one measurement object 1000 may be moved by the test device 100. In this case, namely when the component carrier 702 is moved, for example, by an assembly worker through the test device 100, there may be deviations of the orientation of the actual relative movement RB, so that the relative movement RB is no longer along a movement axis AB perpendicular to the passage plane ED. In this case, the deviation of the alignment, for example by detecting one or more known reference surfaces on the measurement object, during Processing the recorded measurement data taken into account in an evaluation 800 and optionally compensated. Alternatively, it is also possible to generate the relative movement RB by the portal 102 is designed to be movable. In this way, the portal 102 can thus be moved via a stationary drive device 1001.

The evaluation unit 800 is designed to process the data acquired via the stereoscopic imaging devices 10, 20, 30 into a three-dimensional image AD comprising a set of three-dimensional coordinates. This three-dimensional image AD represents a metrologically detected, three-dimensional model of the drive device 1001 detected by the test device 100. Even if the drive device 1001 is not completely detected - in particular the lower side is not detected in the example shown, and also internal areas of the drive device 1001 without Visual contact with at least one stereoscopic imaging device 10, 20, 30 is excluded from the detection - so, however, the essential areas of the drive device 1001 are detected to allow a statement about the manufacturing and / or assembly state of the drive device 1001.

The detection of the surfaces of the drive device 1001 takes place in the example shown according to the principle of a stereoscopic camera. In this case, a three-dimensional recording of this surface area can be generated by arranging the cameras of a stereoscopic imaging device 10, 20, 30 relative to one another in a simultaneous photographic recording of a surface area of the drive device 1001. Alternatively or additionally, assistive technologies such as fringe projection or light transit time measurement can be used to improve and / or simplify the measurement process. The testing device 100 may generally have one or more illumination means to enable a uniform illumination of the measurement object 1000 and thus to improve the quality of the measurement.

The first stereoscopic imaging device 10 arranged on the first portal column 102.1 has a first camera 11 and a second camera 12. Both cameras 11, 12 are aligned such that they detect a common first measuring range MB1 on the surface of the drive device 1001. The second stereoscopic imaging device 20, which is arranged on the second portal column 102. 2, has a first camera 21 and a second camera 22. Both cameras 21, 22 are aligned so that they have a common second Measuring range MB2 on the surface of the drive device 1001 capture. The arranged on the portal bridge 102.3 third stereoscopic imaging device 30 has a first camera 31 and a second camera 32. Both cameras 31, 32 are aligned such that they detect a common third measuring range MB3 on the surface of the drive device 1001. Nevertheless, it is possible in further developments that the respective two cameras of a stereoscopic imaging device are accommodated in a single housing. It may also be possible in further developments, from image data such. B. video recordings, in particular from a single camera to produce a three-dimensional recording AD.

The measuring ranges MB1, MB2, MB3 overlap in the respective boundary regions, so that the surface of the drive device 1001 to be measured can be detected as completely as possible. It is also possible in further developments, although not shown here, that the lower, here the moving device 700 facing side of the drive device 1001 is detected by another stereoscopic imaging device, in such a case, the movement device 700 must be designed such that the measuring areas of the affected side are not obscured by the movement device 700. This can be achieved, for example, by way of selective fastening means or suspensions fixing the drive device 1001. However, it is also possible to design the movement device 700 in such a way that the drive device 1001 can be rotated, in particular about a movement axis AB arranged perpendicular to the passage plane ED, and thus the surfaces to be measured can be aligned in such a way that they are at least stereoscopic Imaging device 10, 20, 30 can be detected.

By means of the evaluation unit 800, which is signal-connected to the stereoscopic imaging devices 10, 20, 30 of the test device 100, the three-dimensional image AD detected by the stereoscopic imaging devices 10, 20, 30 can be compared with a three-dimensional virtual reference model ARD. In the case of deviations, a difference feature MDIF (see FIG. 4) can be determined and a correction reference 310 generated. For example, the comparison between the three-dimensional image AD and the three-dimensional reference model ARD can reveal that a component, for example a subunit of the drive device 1001, does not exist. In the case of such a deviation, the evaluation unit 800 can generate a correction reference 310 that can be directly perceived by the operator of the test device 100, an assembly worker or a worker. For this purpose, the evaluation 800 For example, be connected to an interactive device 300. The interaction device 300 may include augmented reality goggles 302 that the assembly worker wears at work. Correction hints 310 displayed on the augmented reality goggles 302 appear to the assembly worker immediately in his field of view. A deviation detected by the evaluation unit 800 can thus be displayed on the augmented reality goggles 302, in particular with a correction reference 310 corresponding to this deviation. The worker can then make a correction, for example, the Nachmontieren the missing subunit. Alternatively or additionally, the interaction device 300 may have a screen 301 on which the three-dimensional image AD and / or the difference feature MDIF and / or the correction indicator 310 for the assembly worker can be displayed.

The evaluation unit 800 is furthermore connected via an interface 901 to a data system 900 containing product-specific data. The product-specific data-containing data system 900 can be embodied, for example, as an Enterprise Resource Planning System 902 or as a Product Lifecycle Management System 903.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary sequence of a production method according to the concept of the invention - for reference signs in the following description, which are not contained in FIG. 2, reference is made to FIG.

In a first step S1, the production takes place, in particular a complete or partial assembly sequence AM of a product, namely the test object 1000 shown in FIG. 1. This may in particular be the assembly of an engine or a drive device 1001 or of subcomponents. The drive device 1001 may be, for example, an internal combustion engine or a hybrid engine. Subcomponents can be formed by subordinate assemblies. Subsequent to the assembly, a three-dimensional recording AD, in particular at least one measuring profile PM, is recorded in a first section I, and the three-dimensional image AD is evaluated in a second section II.

For this purpose, the drive device 1001 is first moved into the test device 100 and detected by at least one stereoscopic imaging device 10, 20, 30 in a second step S2. The at least one stereoscopic imaging device 10, 20, 30 generates it three-dimensional surface data, which are transmitted to an evaluation unit 800, not shown here.

In a third step S3, a relative movement RB between the drive device 1001 and the test device 100 can be generated, in particular simultaneously with recording the measured data record MD. Such a step is useful in further developments of a test device 100, in which the total area of the overlapping measuring range MB1, MB2, MB3 is less than the surface of the drive device 1000 to be detected. In this case, the recording of the measured data set MD can be performed in sections during the relative movement RB between the Drive device 1000 and the test device 100 done.

Following the first section I, the evaluation of the measured data takes place in the second section II. In a fourth step S4, a measurement data record MD is first generated. For this purpose, the three-dimensional surface data of the individual stereoscopic camera pairs 10, 20, 30 are combined in such a way that a three-dimensional image AD is generated from the individual measurement profiles PM1, PM2, PM3, which were respectively recorded in individual measurement areas MB1, MB2, MB3. For the case illustrated above, that a relative movement RB was generated during recording, a plurality of measurement profiles PM, which are arranged one behind another in sections, are further combined to form a three-dimensional recording AD.

Furthermore, in the fourth step S4, if necessary, alignment errors can be detected and compensated. Such alignment errors may arise, for example, as a result of a deviating orientation of the drive device 1001 during the measurement, or due to deviations in the generation of the relative movement. Such alignment errors can be detected and compensated, for example, by one or more reference surfaces of known size on the drive device 1001.

In a fifth step S5, the product variant is determined, that is to say the assignment of the three-dimensional image AD to a specific product type. This can be done automatically, for example, by features on the drive device 1001, which are characteristic of a specific product variant, but independent of the mounting state, are detected by an evaluation 800 (see Fig. 1) when evaluating the three-dimensional recording AD. On the basis of the result of the evaluation unit 800, an assignment of the Three-dimensional recording AD to make a specific product variant. Alternatively or additionally, a determination of the product variant can take place by means of an identification means, for example a bar code or RFID label, arranged on drive device 1001.

In a sixth step S6, the comparison of the three-dimensional recording AD with a three-dimensional virtual reference model ARD takes place. In this case, the three-dimensional virtual reference model ARD corresponds in particular to the product variant that was determined in the previous step S5 and represents the target mounting state of the drive device 1001. In this case, for example, by means of known methods of pattern recognition features M can be extracted from the three-dimensional recording AD, wherein each a feature corresponds to a particular component of the drive device 1001 or a position of a component. The totality of the specific features M is referred to as assembly state ZM. The features of the assembly state ZM can then be compared with corresponding features of the reference model. A comparison of the three-dimensional recording AD with the reference model ARD can be carried out using methods of model-based segmentation, for example a Hough transformation, statistical methods and / or prototype-based models. The result of the comparison, in particular the difference characteristics MDIF (see FIG. 4), can be stored in a measurement data record MD. Likewise, the three-dimensional image AD and / or the determined product variant and / or further relevant data can be stored in the measurement data record.

In a subsequent branch VI, it is checked whether one or more deviations of the three-dimensional recording AD from the reference model ARD were detected in the sixth step S6. If this is the case, a correction of the assembly state ZM takes place in a third section III. For this purpose, an error correction 310 is displayed on an interaction device 300 in a seventh step S7. This can in particular already contain a manual in the form of a work instruction 311. By means of such a correction reference 310, a user, in particular an assembly worker, is made aware of a difference feature MDIF and thus the need for correction and receives a concrete work instruction for the correction. In a subsequent eighth step S8, a corrective assembly step, in particular by the assembly worker, is carried out in accordance with the correction reference 310.

The program sequence at a first merge Z1 is subsequently returned to a point before the start of the first section I. The steps S2-S6 are carried out analogously. If no deviation with the reference model ARD is determined during this passage in the sixth step S6, the program flow is routed at the first branch VI to a ninth step S9. In this step S9, the measurement data record MD and optionally a mounting protocol MP are stored in a system 900 containing product data. This may be, for example, an enterprise resource planning system 901. Alternatively or additionally, this data may be stored in a Product Lifecycle Management System 902. The assembly protocol MP can have a protocol of the comparison with the reference model ARD and / or a log of possible correction steps.

By storing and managing the data in this way, the assembly-specific data can be kept available for later verification, for example with regard to the customer, and can also be used for statistics, in particular for product or production optimization.

FIG. 3 shows by way of example a section-wise joining together of a plurality of measuring profiles PM1, PM2, PM3 to a three-dimensional recording AD during the second step S2. In this case, the drive device 1001 is moved by means of a relative movement RB through the test device 100, not shown here, so that the measuring range MB, which is likewise not shown here but shown in FIG. 1 and composed of three individual measuring ranges MB1, MB2, MB3, is traversed. In this way, two or more measuring profiles PM1, PM2, PM3, which are recorded successively in succession and in sections one behind the other, can be combined to form a three-dimensional recording AD.

FIG. 4 shows by way of example the comparison of a three-dimensional recording AD with a reference model ARD and the subsequent display of a correction reference 310.

Shown is a product or product variant-specific reference model ARD with four characteristics Ml, M2, M3, M4. Furthermore, a three-dimensional image AD is shown, which was recorded via a test device 100 (not shown here). By means of known methods of feature extraction, the evaluation unit 800 extracted the three-dimensional image AD of the significant features, that is, the features relevant to the assembly state ZM and to be tested. In a subsequent comparison with the reference model ARD, it is determined that the first three features Ml, M2, M3 of the three-dimensional recording AD match the reference model ARD. However, the fourth feature M4 of the reference model ARD is not present in the three-dimensional image AD. This deviation is shown here as a first difference feature MDIF1. The smallest possible dimension to be detected differential features MDIF depends in particular on the resolution of the stereoscopic imaging device used. The more accurate the resolution, the smaller the detectable difference characteristics. With a relatively low resolution, for example, the presence of relatively large components on a measurement object 1000 can be checked. In addition, with a relatively high resolution, it is possible to detect even relatively small components, and even detect the condition of individual components and / or fasteners, for example, whether a screw is completely screwed.

Furthermore, a correction reference 310 is shown, which is generated in the seventh step S7 on the basis of the deviation, in particular based on the first difference feature MDIF1, and displayed on a display 300. The correction notice 310 may include a work instruction 311 having the steps to be performed for the correction; This work instruction 311 can be displayed, for example, in text form. Alternatively or additionally, the work instruction 311 may comprise images or videos. It is also possible, in particular if the display 300 is configured as augmented reality goggles 302, that the correction reference 310 alternatively or additionally has a context-based hint 312 which is superimposed on the assembly worker in his field of vision. This can be done by overlaying the field of view of the augmented reality goggles 302 with the context-based hint 312. For example, the context-based hint 312 may be formed in the form of an arrow 313, as shown here, which directs the attention of the assembly worker to the location of the drive device 1001 where an action is to be taken. Here, a real image detail 314 is generated by the superposition of the context-based hint 312 and the corresponding section of the field of view. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 First stereoscopic imaging device

11 First camera of the first stereoscopic imaging

Facility

12 second camera of the first stereoscopic imaging

Facility

20 Second stereoscopic imaging device

21 First camera of the second stereoscopic imaging

Facility

22 second camera of the second stereoscopic imaging

Facility

Third stereoscopic imaging device

31 First camera of the third stereoscopic imaging

Facility

32 second camera of the third stereoscopic imaging

Facility

100 testing device

102 portal

102.1 First Portal Column

102.2 Second Portal Column

102.3 Portal bridge

200 camera system

300 interaction device, display device

301 screen

302 augmented reality glasses

310 Correction notice

311 work instruction

312 Context-based hint

313 arrow

314 Real image detail

700 motor device

701 assembly line 702 component carrier

800 evaluation unit

900 data-specific data system containing product-specific data

901 interface

902 enterprise resource planning system

903 Product Lifecycle Management System

1000 measuring object

1001 drive device

AB movement axis

AD Three-dimensional recording of the drive unit AM assembly procedure

ARD Three-dimensional virtual reference model ED passage level

M characteristic

MB 1-3 measuring range

MD measurement data set

MDIF difference feature

MP assembly station

PM, PM1-3 measuring profile

RB relative movement

S1-10 steps of the manufacturing process

ZM mounting condition

Claims

A manufacturing method of a drive device (1001), comprising the steps of:

Mounting the drive device (1001) in an assembly process (AM),

Checking a mounting state (ZM) in the assembly process (AM), wherein

a three-dimensional virtual reference model (ARD) of the drive device (1001) is provided on an evaluation unit (800), wherein

the three-dimensional virtual reference model (ARD) is provided from a data system (900) that holds data specific to the product, in particular lifecycle phases, for the drive device (1001), and

- Providing a three-dimensional image (AD) of the drive means (1001) as a real image on the evaluation unit (800), wherein

the three-dimensional image (AD) is created with a recording system (200) attached to a portal (102), the portal (102) and the drive device (1001) being movable relative to one another,

- wherein for checking a mounting state (ZM) the three-dimensional virtual

Reference model (ARD) and the three-dimensional image (AD) are compared and in case of deviation, a number of differential characteristics (MDIF) is determined,

and for display, displaying a correction note (310) for a difference feature (MDIF) of the number interactively in an interaction device (300).

2. A manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Recording system (200) comprises a number of stereoscopic imaging devices (10, 20, 30).

3. A manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a real image detail (314) of the drive device (1001) is interactively displayed in an interaction device (300) as a correction note.

4. Manufacturing method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mounting of the drive device (1001) in an assembly process (AM) at an assembly station (MP) and a relative movement (RB) between the test device (100) and the drive means (1001) is produced at the assembly station (MP).

5. Manufacturing method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the detection of the three-dimensional image (AD) via a number of stereoscopic imaging devices (10, 20, 30) takes place, in particular via three stereoscopic imaging devices (10, 20, 30).

6. Manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that based on the three-dimensional image (AD) a measurement data record (MD) is generated and / or a stereoscopic imaging device (10, 20, 30) of the number is formed, a position and / or a mounting dimension of a component and / or a connection to the drive device (1001), in particular comprising an attachment of the periphery of an engine such as a turbocharger and a heat exchanger and / or comprising a screw, clamp and / or plug connection to detect and / or on the measured data record (MD).

7. A manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step:

Performing a correction assembly step for correcting the difference feature (MDIF) instructed by the correction notice (310), in particular immediately after checking the mounting state (ZM).

8. A manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step:

Storing the three-dimensional recording (AD) and / or the measurement data record (MD) and / or an assembly protocol (MP) in an enterprise resource planning system (902), product lifecycle management system (903), or in the like, product-specific data system (900).

9. Production method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the test device (100) is formed stationary, wherein the relative movement (BT) by moving the drive means (1001) by means of a moving device (700), preferably by the test device ( 100) is produced, in particular at a mounting location (MP) for the drive device.

10. Production method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the test device (100) is designed to be movable and the relative movement (BT) by a Moving the test device (100) on the - in particular stationary - drive device (1001) is generated.

11. A test device (100) for use in a manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising:

- a portal (102),

a recording system (200), designed to produce a three-dimensional image (AD) of the drive device (1001),

an evaluation unit (800) designed to compare a virtual reference model (ARD) of the drive device (1001) with the three-dimensional image (AD) and to determine a number of difference characteristics (MDIF) in the event of a deviation between the virtual reference model (ARD) and the three-dimensional image Recording (AD), and

an interaction device (300), in particular an augmented reality goggles (302), designed to interactively display a correction notice (310) on the difference feature (MDIF).

12. testing device (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that the

Recording system (200) at least one stereoscopic imaging device (10, 20, 30).

13. testing device (100) according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising a

Moving device (700) designed to generate a relative movement (BT) between the test device (100) and the drive device (1001).