WO2022053095A1 - Method for testing components - Google Patents
Method for testing components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022053095A1 WO2022053095A1 PCT/DE2021/100598 DE2021100598W WO2022053095A1 WO 2022053095 A1 WO2022053095 A1 WO 2022053095A1 DE 2021100598 W DE2021100598 W DE 2021100598W WO 2022053095 A1 WO2022053095 A1 WO 2022053095A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- component
- defects
- volume model
- testing components
- image data
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30164—Workpiece; Machine component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for testing components, in particular of turbomachines, with digital support.
- test methods are used to test components, such as compressor blades, for the quality testing of components, in particular of turbomachines, as part of production or in particular also during the maintenance of turbomachines.
- Well-known methods are, for example, visual inspections with special lighting systems, touch tests on the surfaces or computer-aided test methods using digital 3D models, with the damage patterns sometimes being so complex that they can hardly be reliably identified with the known methods.
- the technicians responsible for component testing usually decide on the basis of empirical values which components or component defects (still) meet the requirements and which do not. Carrying out a component test is mentally exhausting for humans and tiring for the eyes. Frequent breaks and changes of task are necessary because the investigation work cannot be carried out in a concentrated manner over a long period of time. Despite these measures, damage is overlooked and only discovered in later iterations. In addition, automation of the known methods is hardly possible.
- a method for testing components in particular of a turbomachine, is proposed with the following steps: a) providing a component; b) generating image data of the component surface; c) creating a photogrammetric volume model of the component from the image data; d) determining potential component defects on the volume model; e) generating 2D images of the component surface in the area of the determined potential component defects from the image data; and f) examining the 2D images of the component surface for actual component defects.
- the proposed method enables supporting digital damage detection to increase the quality of component testing.
- the aim of component testing is to detect external component damage such as cracks, inclusions, abrasions or other defects that are visible on the component surface.
- the use of the method can in particular also reduce the amount of time required for component testing, with a certain degree of automation also being possible.
- At least one component to be tested is provided, from which image data of the component surface are generated in a second method step b).
- the component is either recorded with a passive sensor, such as a camera, or scanned with an active sensor, such as a laser scanner.
- a passive sensor such as a camera
- an active sensor such as a laser scanner.
- robot-supported devices are used here, for example, which record stereo image data of the component in particular in a large number of camera positions.
- a photogrammetric volume model of the component is created from the image data.
- the geometry in particular including the surface structure of the component, is recorded in detail at the time the respective image data is recorded.
- the result of this step is, in particular, a three-dimensional network of the component calculated from the image data, which is made available, for example, in the form of STL data.
- Photogrammetry is based on the principle of stereoscopic vision, which is also found in human vision. Similarly, photogrammetry uses the information contained in two or more images of the same object taken from different angles to derive three-dimensional coordinates for each point that is particularly visible in multiple images. After the creation of a photogrammetric volume model, potential component defects in this volume model can be determined in step d).
- Measurement errors can arise from noise in the image data or simply from the fact that the polygonization of the solid model in a certain area is not compatible with the chosen configuration.
- 2D images of the component surface are generated from the image data in the area of the identified potential component defects. Because the solid model of the part is based on 2D images and the relationship of a position in the solid model to the 2D image or images used to create that part of the solid model is known, it is possible to access the 2D -Recalculate images and the corresponding position of a potential component defect in this 2D plane.
- Each of the identified potential component defects is usually not only linked to the volume model and its position in the volume model, but in particular also to 2D coordinates that define the position of the potential component defect in the 2D images that were created during image data generation and the potential show component defects.
- the 2D images of the component surface are checked for actual component defects.
- This step can be reserved for the human eye in particular, with the inspection being supported by image analysis software, for example by processing the representation of the potential component defects such as higher contrasts, coloring or markings in the area of the potential component defects in the 2D images.
- the technician can limit himself to examining preselected potential component defects using 2D images of the respective area on the component, determining whether the preselected potential component defects are actual component defects.
- the proposed method thus enables a combination of a two-dimensional image analysis with a pre-selection of potential component defects on a volume model of the component and their assignment to this volume model.
- the proposed pre-selection of potential component defects facilitates component testing, as a result of which the risk of component defects being overlooked can be significantly reduced with the aid of the method.
- step g) feedback is given as to whether one or more potential component defects are actual component defects.
- the feedback can be given in various ways, such as in digital form using at least one 2D image or the volume model, or by attaching a marking to the component itself. In this way, documentation and/or verification can be carried out as to whether a potential component defect determined in step d) is an actual component defect.
- the data generated in the method are read into an evaluation algorithm and, in particular, evaluated by this evaluation algorithm.
- the data generated in the test procedure By reading the data generated in the test procedure into an evaluation algorithm, documentation and statistical evaluation of the detected component defects can be carried out.
- a suitable evaluation algorithm can also be used to digitally verify whether the potential component defects determined are actual component defects.
- step d) data determined by means of the evaluation algorithm are used in particular in step d) to determine potential component defects on the volume model of the same or similar components.
- This data results in particular from feedback on the results of previous component tests.
- the methods that can be used to evaluate the feedback are referred to as “supervised learning” methods.
- so-called neural networks and the methods known for their use are used for the evaluation and the learning process that is triggered thereby.
- the actual component defects are displayed on the volume model in a further step i).
- the technician performing the test an employee responsible for further evaluation of the data of the proposed method or for possible further treatment of the component defects, can locate the component defect(s) found on the volume model or on the actual component. For example, specific features of the components or properties of the volume model can be recognized in this way, in which potentially incorrect component defects are specified particularly frequently.
- the actual component defects are documented in connection with their position on the volume model in a further step k).
- fault-prone designs or production steps can be recognized or areas that are particularly stressed during operation of the component can be identified, in which component faults occur more frequently.
- component data are used to create the photogrammetric volume model in step c).
- the creation of the photogrammetric volume model can be simplified by means of the component data, or errors in the creation of a photogrammetric volume model can be detected.
- systematic component defects such as those that occur when a component is warped, can also be detected.
- potential component defects are determined in step d) using a simulated whetstone method along at least one predetermined surface of the volume model.
- a simulated whetstone method is based in particular on a surface defect comparison, which is based on a digital version of the whetstone method:
- the whetstone is simulated, for example by a straight line between two points, which is drawn on the surface of the 3D Models is moved along. The straight line is digitally checked for collisions as it moves across the surface. For example, collisions at component positions that should not have any elevation can represent potential component errors.
- the invention relates to the use of the component defects determined when carrying out the method described above for testing components, in particular of a turbomachine, for the development of similar components.
- the method described above there is a systematic evaluation and documentation of component defects, in particular in connection with their positioning on the volume model and thus on the component.
- the information generated in the method described above can thus be used advantageously, particularly in the context of component simulations.
- the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method for testing components, in particular of a turbomachine, as described above.
- the device has a photogrammetry device for generating image data of the component surface of a component and a computing device which is set up to create a photogrammetric volume model of the component from the image data and to determine potential component defects in the volume model.
- the computing device is set up to generate 2D images of the component surface in the area of the identified potential component defects from the image data and also has a human-machine interface, by means of which the 2D images of the component surface can be checked for actual component defects .
- the device is set up in such a way that one or more of the previously described embodiments of the method, including the individual proposed method steps, can be carried out with the features described for this purpose.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a flow chart of an exemplary method according to the invention for testing components.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary method according to the invention for testing components 10 in particular of a turbomachine.
- a component for example in the form of a compressor blade
- image data of the component surface 10a is generated by means of a photogrammetry device 11 provided for this purpose.
- a photogrammetric volume model 21 of the component 10 is generated from this.
- Potential component defects 25 are subsequently determined on this volume model 21 .
- 2D images 15 of the component surface 10a are generated from the image data in the area of the determined potential component defects 25 .
- actual component defects 26 are then determined, in particular with the aid of a man-machine interface 20.
- one or more potential component defects 25 are actual component defects 26 .
- the data generated in the method is read in and/or evaluated in an evaluation algorithm which is stored on a computing device 30 .
- the actual component defects 26 are also documented in connection with their position on the volume model 21.
- the data transmitted to the computing device 30, in particular the determined component defects 26, are finally stored in a database 40, in particular in order to be used in the development of similar components 10 .
- a component 10 is provided and in a step b) image data of the component surface 10a are generated, in particular by means of cameras. From the image data, a photogrammetric volume model 21 of the component 10 is now created in step c), wherein For example, component data can also be used to create the photogrammetric volume model.
- Potential component defects 25 are then determined on the volume model 21 in the next step d). These can be determined, for example, using a simulated whetstone method along at least one predetermined surface of the volume model 21 .
- step e) 2D images 15 of the component surface 10a in the area of the identified potential component defects 25 are then generated from the image data generated in step b), in particular, which are used in step f) to check the 2D images 15 of the component surface 10a for actual Component error 26 occurred.
- step g there is feedback as to whether one or more potential component defects 25 are actual component defects 26 .
- step h the data generated in the method are read into an evaluation algorithm 31 stored in particular on a computing device 30 and/or evaluated by it or in some other way.
- the data determined in particular by means of the evaluation algorithm 31 can be used in the proposed method for testing components 10, in particular when testing other identical or similar components 10, in particular in step d), to determine potential component defects 25 on the volume model 21.
- step i the actual component defects 26 are displayed on the volume model 21, for example for their visualization.
- step k which is also optional, the actual component defects 26 are also documented in connection with their position on the volume model 21 .
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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DE112021004786.8T DE112021004786A5 (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2021-07-08 | Method for testing components |
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DE102020211374.2 | 2020-09-10 | ||
DE102020211374 | 2020-09-10 |
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WO2022053095A1 true WO2022053095A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
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PCT/DE2021/100598 WO2022053095A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2021-07-08 | Method for testing components |
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DE (1) | DE112021004786A5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022053095A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080247636A1 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2008-10-09 | Siemens Power Generation, Inc. | Method and System for Interactive Virtual Inspection of Modeled Objects |
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2021
- 2021-07-08 WO PCT/DE2021/100598 patent/WO2022053095A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-07-08 DE DE112021004786.8T patent/DE112021004786A5/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080247636A1 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2008-10-09 | Siemens Power Generation, Inc. | Method and System for Interactive Virtual Inspection of Modeled Objects |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
WEINSCHENK ANNIKA: "Simulative und experimentelle Untersuchun- gen zur Detektion und Prävention von Einfall- stellen in Außenhautbauteilen", 14 July 2020 (2020-07-14), pages 1 - 166, XP055854275, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1518165/1518165.pdf> [retrieved on 20211025] * |
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