WO2019227995A1 - Disjoncteur à courant continu haute tension mécanique et son procédé de disjonction - Google Patents

Disjoncteur à courant continu haute tension mécanique et son procédé de disjonction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019227995A1
WO2019227995A1 PCT/CN2019/076818 CN2019076818W WO2019227995A1 WO 2019227995 A1 WO2019227995 A1 WO 2019227995A1 CN 2019076818 W CN2019076818 W CN 2019076818W WO 2019227995 A1 WO2019227995 A1 WO 2019227995A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
fault
spark gap
circuit breaker
voltage
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/076818
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
司马文霞
付峥争
杨鸣
袁涛
孙魄韬
段盼
韩雪
司燕
Original Assignee
重庆大学
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Application filed by 重庆大学 filed Critical 重庆大学
Publication of WO2019227995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019227995A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of topology design of key equipment in a DC system, and in particular, to a mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker device and an opening method thereof.
  • Flexible DC transmission technology is an effective means to solve large-capacity, long-distance transmission and achieve modern power transmission. Because of its advantages of flexible and independent adjustment of active and reactive power, flexible DC transmission technology is widely used in large-scale renewable energy transmission. However, the flexible DC transmission technology itself cannot handle DC-side line failures. After the DC-side fault occurs, the fault current in the converter station increases sharply, which may cause electrical breakdown or thermal breakdown to the equipment in the converter station, such as power electronic equipment. Therefore, the use of a DC circuit breaker to break the DC side fault has an important role in the further development of flexible DC transmission technology.
  • DC circuit breakers can be divided into mechanical DC circuit breakers, hybrid DC circuit breakers, and solid state DC circuit breakers. Among them, since the mechanical DC circuit breaker does not contain power electronic devices, compared with the hybrid DC circuit breaker and the solid state DC circuit breaker, it has the advantages of low cost and small on-state loss. Further, mechanical DC circuit breakers can be divided into passive mechanical DC circuit breakers and active mechanical DC circuit breakers. Among them, since the active mechanical DC circuit breaker has the advantage of shorter opening time than the passive mechanical DC circuit breaker, the active mechanical DC circuit breaker has a good application prospect.
  • Active mechanical DC circuit breaker is generally composed of four parts: residual current circuit breaker, main branch, transfer branch and absorption branch.
  • the main breaking principle is: when opening, the transfer branch generates an oscillating current in the direction opposite to the fault current of the main branch.
  • the fault current is gradually transferred from the main branch to the transfer branch first.
  • the oscillation capacitance of the transfer branch is After the discharge is over, the fault current reversely charges the oscillating capacitor.
  • the reverse charging voltage reaches the operating voltage of the arrester on the absorption branch
  • the fault current is transferred from the transfer branch to the absorption branch for energy absorption and discharge.
  • the circuit breaker breaks and absorbs the residual current in the branch circuit to complete the DC interruption.
  • the existing active mechanical DC circuit breakers have the following disadvantages: (1) the DC side fault cannot be continuously opened in a short time; (2) the failure to effectively use the fault current to react to the oscillating capacitance on the transfer branch To charge voltage.
  • the present invention provides a mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker device with continuous self-charging and continuous breaking capabilities.
  • a mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker device including
  • the main branch is used to bear the overvoltage across the DC circuit breaker when the normal working current and the fault current of the DC line are broken, and to achieve bidirectional conduction of the DC line current;
  • the transfer branch is used to generate an oscillating current in the direction opposite to the main branch current, and the reverse oscillating current is superimposed on the main branch to force the fault current on the main branch to zero, thereby realizing the fault current from the main branch.
  • Absorption branch used to absorb and release the energy accumulated when the fault is opened
  • the residual current interrupting element is connected in series with the main branch to interrupt the residual current.
  • the main branch includes a series current transformer and a mechanical switch.
  • the transfer branch is connected in parallel with the main branch, and the transfer branch includes a spark gap switch bridge and an oscillation inductor connected in series.
  • stray resistance is also connected in series on the transfer branch.
  • the spark gap switch bridge includes a bridge structure composed of a spark gap switch S 1 , a spark gap switch S 2 , a spark gap switch S 3 , and a spark gap switch S 4 in series, and the anode of the oscillation capacitor is connected to the spark gap. Between the switch S 3 and the spark gap switch S 4 , the negative electrode of the oscillating capacitor is connected between the spark gap switch S 1 and the spark gap switch S 2 .
  • the absorption branch is connected in parallel with the main branch, and the absorption branch includes at least two groups of lightning arresters connected in series.
  • the current transformer of the main branch sends the collected current signal to the control system, and the control system controls the mechanical switch and the spark gap switch to be turned on or off according to the current signal.
  • control system includes
  • the fault detection unit compares the current flowing through the mechanical switch collected by the current transformer with the fault current threshold. If the collected current is greater than or equal to the fault current threshold, it is judged as a DC side fault. If the collected current is less than the fault current threshold, it is judged as a system. normal operation;
  • the mechanical switch control unit receives the fault judgment signal from the fault detection unit. If the fault judgment signal is a DC-side fault, the mechanical switch is controlled to be turned off. If the fault judgment signal is no DC-side fault, the mechanical switch is controlled to remain on. ;
  • Delay unit which delays for a preset time after the mechanical switch is turned off
  • the first triggering spark gap conducting unit is used to trigger the spark gaps S 1 and S 3 to be turned on after the delay unit delays for a preset time during the first fault opening process;
  • the second trigger spark gap conduction unit is used to trigger the spark gap S 2 and S 4 to be turned on after the delay unit delays for a preset time during the second fault opening process.
  • the preset time is 2 milliseconds.
  • the invention also discloses a method for opening and closing a mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker, which includes the following steps:
  • the first trigger spark gap conducting unit triggers a pair of spark gap switches S 1 and S 3 to be turned on;
  • the pre-charged oscillating capacitor is connected to the transfer branch through the turned-on spark gap switches S 1 and S 3 to generate an oscillating current in the direction opposite to the fault current flowing through the mechanical switch;
  • the residual current circuit breaker opens the residual current in the arrester to complete the first fault interruption
  • the circuit breaker After a period of time when the fault is removed, the circuit breaker is reclosed. If the recloser is a permanent fault, the fault detection unit judges it as a fault;
  • the pre-charged oscillating capacitor is connected to the transfer branch through the conducting spark gap switches S 2 and S 4 , and generates an oscillating current in the direction opposite to the fault current flowing through the mechanical switch;
  • the residual current circuit breaker interrupts the residual current in the arrester to complete the second fault interruption.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention adopts a method in which a pre-charged oscillating capacitor is connected to a transfer branch by a spark gap switch bridge.
  • the fault current is effectively used to oscillate the capacitor on the transfer branch.
  • the reverse charging voltage is used as the pre-charging voltage of the second oscillation capacitor, which can continuously switch off the DC side fault in a short time.
  • the reverse charging voltage of the oscillating capacitor on the transfer branch is effectively used as the pre-charging voltage of the second oscillating capacitor by the fault current, which can continuously switch off the DC side fault in a short time.
  • the structure is simple and novel, and the cost is saved.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a capacitor voltage waveform diagram of two fault interruptions
  • FIG. 3 is a fault current waveform diagram of two fault interruptions.
  • the mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker device of this embodiment includes
  • the main branch 1 which includes a series current transformer TA and a mechanical switch K, is used to bear the over-voltage across the DC circuit breaker when the DC line is under normal working current and open fault current, and to achieve bidirectional conduction of DC line current;
  • the transfer branch 2 is connected in parallel with the main branch.
  • the transfer branch includes a spark gap switch bridge, an oscillation inductance L, and a stray resistance R connected in series. It is used to generate an oscillating current in the opposite direction of the main branch current, and superimpose the reverse oscillating current on the main branch to force the fault current on the main branch to zero, thereby realizing the transfer of the fault current from the main branch to the transfer branch.
  • the spark gap switch bridge includes a bridge structure composed of a spark gap switch S 1 , a spark gap switch S 2 , a spark gap switch S 3 , and a spark gap switch S 4 connected in series, and the anode of the oscillation capacitor C is connected to the spark. Between the gap switch S 3 and the spark gap switch S 4 , the negative electrode of the oscillation capacitor C is connected between the spark gap switch S 1 and the spark gap switch S 2 .
  • Absorption branch 3 is connected in parallel with the main branch.
  • the absorption branch includes at least two groups of arresters F connected in series, which are used to absorb and release the energy accumulated when the fault is opened;
  • the residual current interrupting element K1 is connected in series with the main branch and is used for interrupting the residual current in the absorbing branch arrester.
  • the control system (not shown in the figure), the current transformer TA of the main branch sends the collected current signal to the control system, and the control system controls the mechanical switch K and the spark gap switch to be turned on or off according to the current signal.
  • the control system includes:
  • the fault detection unit compares the current flowing through the mechanical switch K collected by the current transformer with the fault current threshold. If the collected current is greater than or equal to the fault current threshold, it is judged to be a DC-side fault.
  • the system is running normally;
  • the control unit of the mechanical switch K receives the fault judgment signal from the fault detection unit. If the fault judgment signal is a DC-side fault, the mechanical switch K is turned off. If the fault judgment signal is no DC-side fault, the mechanical switch K is maintained. On state
  • Delay unit delay 2 milliseconds after mechanical switch K is turned off
  • the first triggering spark gap conducting unit is used to trigger the spark gaps S 1 and S 3 to be turned on after a delay of 2 milliseconds in the delay unit;
  • the second trigger spark gap conduction unit is used for triggering the spark gap S 2 and S 4 to switch on after the delay unit is delayed by 2 milliseconds during the second fault opening and closing process.
  • the invention also discloses a method for opening and closing a mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker, which includes the following steps:
  • the first trigger spark gap conducting unit triggers a pair of spark gap switches S 1 and S 3 to be turned on;
  • the pre-charged oscillating capacitor C is connected to the transfer branch through the turned-on spark gap switches S 1 and S 3 and generates an oscillating current in the direction opposite to the fault current flowing through the mechanical switch K;
  • the residual current circuit breaker opens the residual current in the arrester F to complete the first fault interruption
  • the circuit breaker After a period of time when the fault is removed, the circuit breaker is reclosed. If the recloser is a permanent fault, the fault detection unit judges it as a fault;
  • the second trigger spark gap conduction unit triggers a pair of spark gap switches S 2 and S 4 to be turned on.
  • the pre-charged oscillating capacitor C is connected to the transfer branch through the turned-on spark gap switches S 2 and S 4 to generate an oscillating current in the direction opposite to the fault current flowing through the mechanical switch K;
  • the residual current circuit breaker opens the residual current in the arrester F, and completes the second fault opening.
  • Figure 2 is a capacitor voltage waveform diagram of two fault interruptions
  • Figure 3 is a fault current waveform diagram of two fault interruptions. It can be seen in the figure that the mechanical high-voltage DC circuit breaker device and the breaking method provided by the present invention with continuous self-charging and continuous breaking capacity can effectively use the fault current to reversely charge the oscillating capacitor on the transfer branch. The voltage is used as the precharge voltage of the second oscillation capacitor, which can achieve two consecutive fault interruptions in a short reclosing time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique de la conception topologique d'un équipement clé dans un système à courant continu, et concerne en particulier un dispositif disjoncteur à courant continu haute tension mécanique et son procédé de disjonction. Le dispositif comprend : un circuit de branche principale, utilisé pour supporter un courant de travail normal d'une ligne à courant continu et des surtensions à deux extrémités d'un disjoncteur à courant continu lorsqu'un courant de panne est rompu, et mettant en œuvre une conduction bidirectionnelle du courant sur la ligne de courant continu ; un circuit de branche de transfert, utilisé pour générer un courant oscillant dont la direction est opposée au courant du circuit de branche principale, et superposer le courant oscillant opposé sur le circuit de branche principale pour permettre au courant de panne sur le circuit de branche principal de traverser zéro de force, de manière à mettre en œuvre le transfert du courant de panne du circuit de branche principale au circuit de branche de transfert ; un circuit de branche d'absorption, utilisé pour absorber et décharger l'énergie accumulée lors d'une rupture de panne ; et un composant de rupture de courant résiduel, connecté en série au circuit de branche principale et utilisé pour rompre un courant résiduel.
PCT/CN2019/076818 2018-06-01 2019-03-04 Disjoncteur à courant continu haute tension mécanique et son procédé de disjonction WO2019227995A1 (fr)

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CN201810557198.1 2018-06-01
CN201810557198.1A CN108649544A (zh) 2018-06-01 2018-06-01 一种机械式高压直流断路器装置及其开断方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111969552A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-20 天津大学 一种适用于直流断路器新型重合闸方法
US20220224100A1 (en) * 2021-01-12 2022-07-14 Tianjin University Adaptive fault clearing scheme for mmc vsc-hvdc grid based on source-grid coordination

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CN108649544A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-10-12 重庆大学 一种机械式高压直流断路器装置及其开断方法
CN111355213B (zh) * 2018-12-21 2023-09-01 平高集团有限公司 一种直流断路器
CN110289603A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-09-27 山东泰开高压开关有限公司 一种并联开断装置、主通支路及高压直流断路器
CN110970875A (zh) * 2019-10-17 2020-04-07 四川大学 一种用于直流电网的组合限流型直流断路器
CN111211543B (zh) * 2020-01-19 2022-06-17 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种熔断式直流断路器及其控制方法
CN112865516A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-28 华北电力大学 一种主动谐振型直流转换开关及其控制方法
CN112886555B (zh) * 2021-03-03 2023-02-10 广东电网有限责任公司 一种集成型直流断路器、直流输电线路和故障切除方法
CN113422358A (zh) * 2021-07-22 2021-09-21 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 一种有源振荡型直流断路器及其应用方法

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CN107069654B (zh) * 2017-05-24 2018-11-23 国家电网公司 一种用于中压配网的双向混合式直流断路器及开断方法
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CN103337851A (zh) * 2013-07-04 2013-10-02 国家电网公司 一种半控型有源注入电流式高压直流断路器及其实现方法
US20160322177A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2016-11-03 Hyosung Corporation Bidirectional direct current circuit breaker
CN103779828A (zh) * 2014-01-27 2014-05-07 西安交通大学 基于人工过零的双向直流开断电路及其开断方法
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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111969552A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-20 天津大学 一种适用于直流断路器新型重合闸方法
US20220224100A1 (en) * 2021-01-12 2022-07-14 Tianjin University Adaptive fault clearing scheme for mmc vsc-hvdc grid based on source-grid coordination
US11444450B2 (en) * 2021-01-12 2022-09-13 Tianjin University Adaptive fault clearing scheme for MMC VSC-HVDC grid based on source-grid coordination

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