WO2019227900A1

WO2019227900A1 - Functional fabric having corresponding change in surface friction coefficient following change in stretch opening degree

Info

Publication number: WO2019227900A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/121256
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈长荣; 翟国钧; 丁晓峰
Original assignee: 东莞超盈纺织有限公司
Priority date: 2018-05-28
Filing date: 2018-12-14
Publication date: 2019-12-05
Also published as: CN110541234A; CN110541234B

Abstract

A fabric having a dynamic friction coefficient. A surface sliding friction coefficient of the fabric may change as the fabric is stretched, and the sliding friction coefficient thereof with respect to a length direction and/or width direction also changes accordingly. The fabric comprises two or more kinds of yarn and is formed by weaving yarn having different surface friction properties and/or service functions according to a certain rule. The yarn is divided into the following according to function: high friction coefficient yarn (1), such as spandex, sea-island fiber, silica gel yarn, etc.; highly fluffy yarn (2), such as drawn textured yarn (DTY), air textured yarn (ATY), etc.; and/or general functional yarn (3), such as yarn having elastic, heat insulating, ultraviolet-proof, odor removal and other functions. In addition to different friction coefficients comprised in different opening degree and relative sliding conditions, the obtained fabric may also be combined with additional functions, such as ultraviolet-proof, heat insulating, and odor removal functions.

Description

Functional fabric with a corresponding change in surface friction coefficient as the tensile opening changes

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of textiles, and in particular to a textile fabric whose elastic characteristics (dynamic and static friction coefficients) of a specific material changes correspondingly on the surface of the elastic fabric under different stretching and relative movement directions and its preparation method.

Background technique

The skin is a complex biological organ covering the outer surface of the human body, and it is also the largest organ in the human body. Its main functions include protecting the body from external harm, providing a response and sensation to environmental stimuli, regulating body temperature, and waterproofing. Changes in the external environment, such as a decrease in ambient humidity and / or temperature, can cause rough skin and cause discomfort.

Clothing, especially underwear clothing, inevitably comes into contact with our skin during daily use. Especially based on the requirements of clothing etiquette and culture, clothing needs to provide necessary shielding functions to some special parts of the body during wearing. However, during the high-intensity exercise, due to the large deformation of the body, the pulling of the clothing often makes the clothing leave the original location and loses the function of shielding the body, causing embarrassment and disrespect when wearing. In order to avoid such situations, in the design process of clothing, it is often used to reduce the looseness of the corresponding parts of the clothing and increase the pressure of the clothing on the human skin to achieve greater friction between the fabric and the skin to prevent possible displacement or "Go light." However, this also caused the blood circulation in the body to be blocked, and red indentations appeared on the skin. Excessive pressure on the body for a long time not only feels uncomfortable when wearing it, but also affects the health of the body.

Therefore, the relative movement of the material relative to the human skin surface and its impact on physiological and psychological sensations have received increasing attention from all walks of life after entering the 21st century. Li Wei et al. (Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2007; 24 (4): 824 ～ 828) "The friction characteristics of skin in different anatomical parts of the human body are closely related to age. The difference in friction coefficient becomes less obvious; human skin friction coefficients of the same age group have little difference between genders; human skin friction coefficients of different age groups in the same anatomical site will have significant differences. " Kong Mei et al. Reported in the study on the friction characteristics of prosthetic materials and human skin (Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2008, 25 (5), P.107) "Excessive friction between the cavity and the skin (piston movement) will increase the production of residual limbs The tendency of edema will also accelerate the wear and aging of materials. " The team's research on the surface friction characteristics of prosthetic materials found that: the friction coefficient with the skin is large, but there is no relative sliding, the damage to the epidermis is small, and the texture is soft, and it has a cushioning effect on the protruding parts of bones, sensitive parts, etc. Materials suitable for direct skin contact. Li Wei et al. Reported the influence of sweat on skin properties (Journal of Tribology, 28 (1): P.88) reported that "the friction coefficient of normal calf skin, prosthetic skin and stump skin in sweat environment is greater than that in dry environment. "And the sweat has enhanced the frictional discomfort of different skins." Tang Wei et al also reported (Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2009, 26 (3): P.524) "The change in skin surface temperature affects the fluidity and ductility of the skin, which is manifested in the friction coefficient and method as the skin temperature decreases. The displacement decreases first and then remains unchanged; deformation friction and adhesive friction are the main friction mechanisms. "

From the above documents, the present inventors can point out that the friction characteristics of materials and human skin significantly affect the comfort and functionality of clothing products. Relevant reports were found by searching the patent database with the keywords "coefficient of friction", "fabric" and "comfort". Typical related patents are summarized as follows:

"A high-strength non-slip fabric" (CN201720708220.9) discloses a production design method for woven geotextiles and staple fiber geotextiles. Woven geotextiles are woven from warp and weft yarns. The warp and weft yarns are polypropylene knitted yarns. The staple fiber geotextiles are needled polypropylene staple fiber geotextiles or polyester staple fiber geotextiles, woven geotextiles, and short staple fibers. A glass fiber layer is provided between the fibrous geotextiles, a grid-shaped reinforcing rib is provided on the upper surface of the woven geotextile, and a hemispherical convex point is also provided on the upper surface of the woven geotextile. Each of the reinforcing ribs A convex point is provided at the center of the grid, the highest point of the convex point is higher than the upper end surface of the reinforcing rib, and a scorching layer is provided on the lower surface of the short fiber geotextile. The "slip-resistant material" (CN201621011333.5) consists of a body, and coarse and fine-grained strips provided on the body to form a non-slip function. The patent "Weftwise elastic lining and its manufacturing method" (CN200680055404.4) introduces: In order to provide elastic lining that does not impair the slip and has a weft elongation of more than 8%, the twist factor (K) is 2000 ～ 15000 polyester-based or cellulose-based long fibers are used as warp yarns, and substantially non-twisted polyester-based or cellulose-based long fibers are used as weft yarns. Monofilaments of long fibers used for warp yarns are bundled together. Together, the cross-sectional shape of the warp yarn is rounded, and by increasing the bending hardness of the warp yarn with respect to the weft yarn, it is possible to easily impart a crimp ratio to the weft yarn of the fabric. Due to the above characteristics, the lining material thus obtained can suppress the slippage and compression of the seam when worn; "a method for preparing a cool-touch fabric" (CN201610226133.X) reports that the fabric is first treated with cellulase, Finishing the cool silicone oil on the fabric, the fabric surface becomes smooth and soft, the fiber stiffness is reduced, the thermal resistance and moisture resistance are reduced, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the fabric is given a contact cold feeling and a smooth and smooth texture; "Fabric" (CN201510568048.7) introduced: the main structure includes a non-slip layer, fabric, upper and lower surface, the fabric of the fabric structure is composed of the upper and lower surface, the non-slip layer is attached to the upper surface, the non-slip layer and The non-slip fabric composed of the fabric combination has comfort and non-slip properties. Printing, coating or spray processing methods are used to attach the acrylic anti-slip agent on one surface of the fabric to increase the friction coefficient of the surface and prevent the surface from The contact will cause relative sliding, which will not make the non-slip surface of the fabric uneven, and it will not fall off and fail after repeated washing; similarly, large Patent Publication is constructed by using a different configuration to achieve the effect of the anti-slip surface of the fabric. For example: "Moisture-permeable and breathable non-slip tablecloth with bumps" (CN103783914A), "Moisture-permeable and breathable non-slip tablecloth with patterns" (CN201210417685.0), "Comfort and free-motion non-slip tablecloth with bumps" (CN201210382900 .8); Chinese invention patent CN201710625211.8 reported weaving polytetrafluoroethylene and aramid fiber, surface treatment with sodium naphthalene complexing solution, impregnation of the mixture of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, and hot pressing to obtain the fabric type. Self-lubricating composite. The product of the invention has excellent abrasion resistance and wear resistance, and good bonding performance.

To sum up, previous research has indicated that the relative friction between materials and skin not only affects the skin physiology, but also affects the psychophysiological comfort through skin irritation. In order to prevent improper displacement of clothing, wearing excessively oppressive clothing for a long time affects the human circulatory system. Through the search of the patent database, there have been patent publications on improving the surface friction coefficient of the material through various methods, but none have combined with the needs of the human body, providing smooth and comfortable wearing conditions under low exercise volume, low friction coefficient; under high exercise volume It has been reported that the friction coefficient of the surface of the fabric can be increased correspondingly so that the fabric can provide greater friction under the same positive pressure.

Brief description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the effects of changes in the floating line structure on the reverse side of the fabric process of the present invention before and after stretching, in which (a) the state before stretching the fabric, and (b) the state after stretching the fabric;

2 is a schematic diagram of a single-sided plain weave structure;

FIG. 3 shows the change of the friction coefficient along the length direction when the fabric of the first embodiment is stretched in the length direction; FIG.

FIG. 4 shows the change in the friction coefficient of the fabric of Example 1 of the present invention when it is stretched in the width direction;

FIG. 5 is a functional schematic diagram of warp knitted fabric design, in which (a) shows a schematic diagram of a fabric structure before stretching, and (b) shows a schematic diagram of a fabric structure after stretching.

Summary of the Invention

In order to provide consumers with a better clothing wearing experience, so that consumers can experience a smooth and comfortable feeling at a low amount of exercise, and reduce the possibility of improper shifting of clothing at a high amount of exercise, the inventor reported here a A fabric whose friction coefficient can be changed correspondingly with the change of the opening degree of the fabric. A fabric with a low friction coefficient under a small opening and a high friction coefficient under a large opening is realized. Thus effectively improving the user experience.

The friction between two relatively sliding or rolling solid surfaces is only related to the interaction of contact surface sounds, and has nothing to do with the internal state of the solid, the friction between the rubidium adsorption film or other surface films in the lubricated state. Strictly speaking, human skin is a viscoelastic material. It has metabolic properties and can perform hydration. Therefore, it is inconclusive whether viscoelastic materials such as human skin have a static friction coefficient. And the dynamic friction coefficient is also related to the sliding speed.

The invention relates to a design and preparation method of a fabric having a dynamic friction coefficient. The coefficient of sliding friction of the surface of the fabric changes with the stretching of the fabric with respect to the dynamic / static friction coefficient of sliding relative to the longitudinal direction and / or the width direction. This effect is achieved by the following methods:

Weaving two or more kinds of yarns with different surface friction properties and / or taking functions according to certain rules; wherein the yarns are according to functions:

1) Yarn with high coefficient of friction;

2) High fluffy yarn; and / or

3) Universal function yarn.

The yarn with high coefficient of friction (1) is a yarn with a higher dynamic / static coefficient of friction than the fully stretched wound yarn (FDY) on the surface of the yarn, such as spandex, sea-island fiber, and silicone yarn.

High fluffy yarns (2) are yarns with higher fluffy properties than fully stretch wound filaments (FDY), such as DTY stretch textured yarn, ATY air textured yarn, staple fiber yarn, polybutylene terephthalate Ester fiber (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber (PTT), PTT / PET side-by-side composite yarn, etc .;

The universal functional yarn (3) is other functional yarns added in order to make the fabric of the present invention have a better taking function, such as elasticity, warmth, UV resistance, deodorizing and other functions. Therefore, the functional yarn (3) can be a kind of yarn here, and multiple yarns can also be used in the actual fabric design to achieve multiple functions at the same time.

The principle of this fabric design is:

The high friction coefficient yarn (1) is located above the high fluffy yarn (2) in the fabric structure. Under the condition of no stretching, the yarn (2) located below the yarn (1) curls up due to its shrinkage, and its fluffy fibers / filaments etc. penetrate the space between the structures of the yarn (1) to reach the fabric. The outer surface, and partially or completely covers the yarn (1), thereby affecting the coefficient of friction of the surface of the fabric. Under stretching conditions, the yarn (2) shrinks back to the position of the yarn (2) due to its crimped fluffy staple fibers or filaments, which reduces the yarn (1) coverage caused by the yarn (1) ) Increases the exposed area and increases the surface friction coefficient of the fabric.

The high friction coefficient yarn (1) is located under the high fluffy yarn (2) in the fabric structure. Under the non-stretching condition, the yarn (2) located above the yarn (1) curls up due to its own shrinkage, and its fluffy fibers / filaments completely cover the yarn (1). Straightening the yarn (2) under stretching conditions reduces its coverage on the yarn 1, thereby affecting the coefficient of friction on the surface of the fabric.

In cases where the elasticity of the fabric needs to be enhanced, an additional yarn (3) can be selected to provide additional elasticity. In the case where other functions are required to be compounded, the yarn (3) may also select all or part of the yarn with this additional function, such as infrared enhancement, UV resistance, antibacterial and so on.

The yarn (1) and the yarn (2) are main yarns of the fabric of the present invention, and the yarn (3) is an optional yarn according to needs, and may also be a variety of yarns. The fabric has a warp and weft elongation of ≥10%, preferably> 50%. The thickness of the yarn (1) is between 10-1240 denier, the thickness of the yarn (2) is between 8-560 denier, and the thickness of the yarn (3) is between 8-560D.

The change in the friction coefficient of the fabric is related to the stretching direction and / or the sliding direction. The principle of the invention includes unidirectional stretching and stretching in multiple angular directions.

Detailed ways

Example 1: Weft Knitting

According to the principles of the present invention, weft knitting machines are selected for practice. The yarns used in this example are:

(1) High friction yarn: Elastane 70D (spandex with a thickness of 70 denier)

(2) High fluffy thread: PA6 40D / 34F SD DTY (40 denier thickness, semi-gloss gloss, fiber number 34 single 6 elastic nylon)

(3) General purpose yarn: elastic yarn, Elastan 20D (spandex with a thickness of 20 denier)

The basic structure is a single-sided plain weave structure common to weft knitting, and the yarn (1) and yarn (3) are used. The yarn (1) and the yarn (2) run a floating line structure together.

As shown in Figure 1, the effect of the change of the floating structure on the reverse side of the fabric process before and after the stretching is given. According to Figure 1 (a), we can see that the high fluffy yarn (2) can cover the high friction yarn (1) in a large area before the fabric is stretched, so that when the human skin contacts the bottom surface of the fabric and there is relative movement, the yarn (1) The chance of contact with the skin is relatively low, showing a relatively low coefficient of friction; Figure 1 (b) shows that after stretching the yarn (2), the opening of the yarn increases as the fabric is stretched As a result, the fluffiness of the yarn (2) is gradually reduced, and the filament is changed from a fluffy shape to a near straight shape, so that the covering property of the yarn (1) is also reduced, so that more parts of the yarn (1) are covered. Exposure also increases the chance of the yarn (1) contacting the skin during actual use, and thus exhibits a higher friction coefficient characteristic.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-sided plain weave. The above-mentioned fabric is subjected to a friction coefficient measuring device for elastic fabric surface (see another Chinese patent application of the inventor for a device and method for measuring friction characteristics of elastic fabric surface) under different tensile conditions and different relative sliding direction friction coefficients. Changes were measured. The basic principle of this measurement method is to quantitatively stretch the fabric in the length or width direction, and then place a fixed-weight cube slider on the surface of the fabric to slide in a straight line at a constant speed in a certain direction. The change of traction force during the linear motion, and the static and dynamic friction coefficients of the fabric relative to the sliding surface of the slider are calculated from this.

Figure 3 summarizes the first example when the fabric is stretched in the length direction (0%, 20%, 40%, and 100%), the sliding block of the measuring instrument slides in the length direction. Measured when the fabric is stretched and measured according to the above conditions, its maximum static friction coefficients are 0.537 ± 0.024, 0.561 ± 0.020, 0.563 ± 0.024, and 0.626 ± 0.045, respectively; the dynamic friction coefficients are 0.530 ± 0.025, 0.558 ± 0.024, and 0.556 ± 0.026. And 0.625 ± 0.048. Comparing the maximum coefficient of static friction between the original unstretched and 100% stretched conditions, the value increased by 16.6% after 100% stretching. Similar results were obtained under all tensile conditions.

Figure 4 summarizes the changes in the friction coefficient of the fabric of Example 1 when stretched in the width direction. When the fabric is stretched in the width direction (0%, 20%, 40% and 100%), the slide block of the measuring instrument slides in the width direction. Measured when the fabric is stretched and measured under the above conditions, its maximum static friction coefficients are 0.479 ± 0.035, 0.494 ± 0.049, 0.547 ± 0.044, and 0.636 ± 0.054, respectively; the dynamic friction coefficients are 0.461 ± 0.033, 0.479 ± 0.051, and 0.535 ± 0.045 And 0.638 ± 0.057. Similarly, after stretching in the width direction by 100%, the dynamic friction coefficient increased by 38.4% relative to the sliding in the width direction.

Example 2: Warp Knitting

According to the principle of the present invention, a warp knitting machine is selected for practice. The yarns used in this example are:

(1) High friction yarn: Elastane 70D (spandex with a thickness of 70 denier);

(2) High fluffy line: PA6 40D / 34F SD DTY (40 denier thickness, semi-gloss gloss, 34 single 6 elastic nylon);

(3) Universal functional yarn: elastic yarn, Elastan 20D (spandex with a thickness of 20 denier).

Further, the upper weaving method of the warp knitted fabric of FIG. 5 is:

GB1: 0-1 / 1-1 / 3-2 / 2-2 // yarn (3) as shown in green threading method: wear 1 empty 1;

GB2: 1-0 / 2-3 / 1-0 / 2-3 // yarn (1) + yarn (2) as shown in red threading method: full threading;

GB3: 1-2 / 1-0 / 1-2 / 1-0 // Yarn (3) as shown in black. Threading method: full wear.

It can be seen from Figure 5a that the fabric shrinks due to the elasticity of the spandex before stretching, plus the fluffy feel of the yarn (2, so that the surface feels nylon is stronger. Figure 5 (b) After stretching, The fabric density becomes smaller and the fluffy feeling of DTY weakens and tends to FDY, so that the yarn (1) spandex is exposed a lot. At this time, it is the non-slip yarn (1), which plays a non-slip effect.

What has been disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and of course, the scope of rights of the present invention cannot be limited by this. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand all or part of the process of implementing the above embodiments and follow the rights of the present invention. Equivalent changes required are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

A kind of fabric with dynamic friction coefficient changes. The sliding friction coefficient of the surface of the fabric changes with the stretching of the fabric with respect to the dynamic / static friction coefficient of sliding in the length direction and / or the width direction accordingly.
The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric of the present invention is woven according to a certain rule by using two or more kinds of yarns with different surface friction properties and / or taking functions; wherein the yarns are according to functions:

1. Yarn with high coefficient of friction;

2. High fluffy yarn; and / or

3. Universal function yarn.
The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the yarn with a high coefficient of friction is a yarn having a higher dynamic / static coefficient of friction than the fully-drawn yarn (FDY) of the same specification on the surface of the yarn, such as spandex, sea-island fiber, and silicone Yarn and so on.
The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the high fluffy yarn is a yarn having a higher fluffy property than a fully drawn yarn (FDY) of the same specification, such as a DTY stretch textured yarn, an ATY air textured yarn, a staple fiber yarn, and a poly yarn Butyl terephthalate fiber (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber (PTT), PTT / PET side-by-side composite yarn, etc.
According to the fabric of claim 2, the universal functional yarn is a functional yarn added in order to make the fabric of the present invention have a better taking function, such as functions such as elasticity, warmth, UV resistance, and deodorization.
The fabric according to claims 1 and 2, the principle of the fabric design is that the high friction coefficient yarn (1) is located above the high fluffy yarn (2) in the fabric structure. Under the condition of no stretching, the yarn (2) located below the yarn (1) curls up due to its shrinkage, and its fluffy fibers / filaments etc. penetrate the space between the structures of the yarn (1) to reach the fabric. The outer surface, and partially or completely covers the yarn (1), thereby affecting the coefficient of friction of the surface of the fabric.
The fabric according to claim 1, 2 and 6, under tension, the yarn (2) shrinks back to the position of the yarn (2) due to its crimped fluffy staple fibers or filaments being stretched, reducing Covering the yarn (1) increases the exposed area of the yarn (1) and increases the surface friction coefficient of the fabric.
The fabric according to claim 1, the principle of the fabric design is that the high friction coefficient yarn (1) is located under the high fluffy yarn (2) in the fabric structure; under the condition of no stretching, it is located on the yarn (1) The upper yarn (2) curls its fluffy fibers / filaments to completely cover the yarn (1) due to its own shrinkage; the yarn (2) straightens its Coverage is reduced, thereby affecting the coefficient of friction on the surface of the fabric.
According to the fabric according to claims 1 to 7, in the case that the elasticity of the fabric needs to be enhanced, an additional yarn (3) can be selected to provide additional elasticity.
According to the fabric according to claim 1 to 7, in the case where other functions are required to be compounded, the yarn (3) can also select all or part of the yarn having this additional function, such as infrared enhancement, ultraviolet resistance, antibacterial and so on.
The fabric according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the yarn (1) and the yarn (2) are the main yarns of the fabric of the present invention, and the yarn (3) is an optional yarn according to needs, or may be A variety of yarns. The fabric has a warp and weft elongation of ≥10%, preferably> 50%.
The fabric according to claims 1 and 2, the thickness of the yarn (1) is between 10-1240 denier, the thickness of the yarn (2) is between 8-560 denier, and the thickness of the yarn (3) is 8-560D.
The fabric according to claims 1 to 7, wherein the change in the friction coefficient of the fabric is related to the stretching direction and / or the sliding direction, and the principle of the invention includes unidirectional stretching and stretching in multiple angle directions to have such an effect.