WO2019223413A1 - 一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统 - Google Patents
一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统 Download PDFInfo
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- the invention belongs to the technical field of urban planning, and particularly relates to a system for constructing a digital sandbox for urban design.
- Digital sand table technology is an electronic sand table technology based on RS and GIS technology, which integrates image data, vector space data, and subsequent calculation and display functions.
- digital sandboxes are mainly applied to relatively macro geographic scales, and have the following four advantages: quick and easy generation of digital terrain; detailed and intuitive display of digital terrain; retrieval and analysis; integrated 3S system.
- geographic information systems, virtual reality, visualization technology, and multimedia technology digital sandboxes have been applied in the fields of military, route planning, real estate, water conservancy engineering, fire protection, regional planning, and geographic research.
- the basic process of a general digital sand table system is as follows: (1) preparation and processing of terrain data; (2) preparation and processing of remote sensing image data; (3) geometric operations such as geometric correction, fusion, and cropping; (4) society Overlay of economic data, thematic data, etc .; (5) MAPGIS system platform integrates spatial database, attribute database, image database, etc .; (6) 3D stereo visualization, browsing, querying; statistical analysis; print output.
- the functions of digital sandboxes can generally be classified into three categories: basic functions of sandbox systems, data maintenance functions, and statistical analysis functions.
- the basic functions of the sand table system mainly include: collection and editing of multi-source data, basic operations of maps, layer operations, basic conversion of projections, editing of thematic maps, query of attributes, printout and visualization of data, etc.
- Data maintenance functions including: update and maintenance of network data, image data, graphic data and attribute data.
- Statistical analysis functions including: line visibility and visual field, earthwork calculation, flood analysis, network analysis, image analysis and other practical analysis functions.
- the existing digital sand table technology is more for the processing of existing terrain and economic data, but does not solve the problems of digitization and loading of urban design, nor does it solve multi-source big data and urban spatial form data.
- Superimposed problems, as well as functional requirements such as the interaction of urban design solutions, urban design project management, coupled analysis of multi-source big data and spatial forms. These problems and functional requirements are the key requirements in the field of urban design, and also the difference between the digital sandbox of urban design and the digitalization of geospatial space.
- the present invention provides a system for constructing a digital sandbox for urban design.
- the system can build a digital environment for a sandbox for urban design, and according to the actual needs of urban design, the digital
- the function of the sand table is divided, and the urban design scheme can be easily introduced into the overall environment of the city, and this can be used as a platform to carry out digital research, analysis, management and control of urban design.
- a system for constructing a digital sandbox for urban design including the following modules:
- Sand table environment building module for digital environment construction of urban design sand table
- Element hierarchical display module for hierarchical management of urban design elements and hierarchical display by constructing a visual accuracy classification system
- the spatial index interpretation module is used to link the names, algorithms and attributes of the indicators in the urban design digital sandbox index library
- Spatial calculation tool module used to load the toolkit to calculate the selected range in the urban digital sandbox
- Offline data extraction module for exporting two-dimensional and three-dimensional data in the selection space in offline mode
- the dynamic real-time editing module is used for real-time editing of the urban digital design scheme loaded in the system.
- the sandbox environment construction module implements the following steps to realize the digital environment construction of the urban design sandbox:
- element hierarchical display module functions:
- Index meaning table refers to the index file of the index database based on the urban design digital sand table index database
- the space calculation tool module is divided into three space calculation toolkits: the space basic calculation toolkit, the single-dimensional data calculation toolkit, the multi-source data coupling calculation toolkit, and through the above toolkit
- the space basic calculation toolkit the space basic calculation toolkit
- the single-dimensional data calculation toolkit the multi-source data coupling calculation toolkit
- the above toolkit For the selected set or range, the geometric analysis of the spatial shape, the analysis of the distribution structure of the single-dimensional data type, and the analysis of the superposition coupling degree of any two types of data in the multi-source data are respectively performed.
- the offline data extraction module functions:
- the method of drawing and selection to delineate the spatial range on the system map that needs to be extracted offline.
- the method of drawing and selecting on the system map to delimit the spatial range refers to the multiple clicks on the system map in order to form multiple Coordinate points, a closed area formed by connecting multiple coordinate points in sequence, which is the spatial range of offline data extraction;
- the dynamic real-time editing module functions:
- the method of interactive operation or interface modification of parameters through mouse drag and drop based on memory simulation, real-time stretching or scaling of the model size, dynamic reconstruction of the model, and based on texture mapping technology, adjust the model rendering color in real time Or texture mapping.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the digital sand table system for urban design aims at the current digitalization trend of urban design development, and according to the actual functional requirements, based on the digitization of urban environment, multi-source big data and urban design schemes, different digital constructions are constructed.
- the digital sand table system composed of functional modules can conveniently load the urban design results into the urban environment and carry out corresponding digital interaction, analysis, research, management and control.
- the present invention fills a blank in this technical field, and constructs a scientific, standardized, and convenient digital sandbox system for urban design.
- the formed system can be applied to many aspects such as the design and management of urban sandboxes.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system module for constructing a digital sand table for urban design according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a digital environment construction interface of the urban design sandbox of the present invention.
- the invention discloses a system for constructing a digital sandbox for urban design.
- the system includes the following modules: a sandbox environment construction module for constructing a digital environment for a sandbox for urban design, that is, to digitize the built environment of the city, multi-source big data, and urban design schemes. Conversion and superposition of space;
- the digital sand table is divided into five functional modules, including three technical modules, including: element hierarchical display module, spatial index interpretation module, spatial calculation tool module; management module Two are: offline data extraction module and dynamic real-time editing module.
- the element hierarchical display module performs hierarchical management of urban design elements and performs visual hierarchical display;
- the spatial index interpretation module links the names, algorithms, and attributes of the indicators in the urban design digital sandbox index library; spatial calculation Tool module to calculate the loading range of the selected range in the digital sand table; offline data extraction module to extract digital sand table data in offline mode for exporting two-dimensional or three-dimensional spatial data; dynamic real-time editing module for Real-time editing operations are performed on the urban digital design scheme loaded in the system.
- the sandbox environment construction module constructs the digital environment of the urban design sandbox.
- FIG. 2 it is a schematic diagram of the digital environment construction interface of the urban design sandbox of the present invention.
- the front end of the system uses the C / S platform architecture sand table and module system, and the deployment form is an EXE executable file; the MongoDB database is deployed in the background to share and publish natural and built environment data such as tilt photography, And GIS data server, etc .; the front end loads background data through the database port and GIS data service URL.
- the 3D model data and control element data of the design scheme are stored in a database-type data source.
- the database-type data sources include Oracle Plus, Oracle Spatial, SQL Server Plus, PostgreSQL, DB2 and other databases.
- the geometric information and attribute information are stored. In the database.
- the urban design element data is managed in a tiered storage manner.
- the system manages hierarchical elements in a layer tree interface manner. Based on user interaction, dynamic management of hierarchical element display or hide.
- the hierarchical display of urban design elements uses LOD (Levels Of Details) technology, and according to the visual accuracy classification system, the level of detail displayed by the elements is hierarchically displayed, and the nearby elements are displayed with a fine model effect, and the distant elements are displayed. Simple model display is used to improve the rendering performance of features.
- LOD Levels Of Details
- the indicator meaning table is prepared.
- the indicator meaning table refers to the index file of the indicator database based on the city design digital sand table indicator library, and records the indicator code, which is the unique value of the indicator and is used to read from the indicator database.
- the index meaning table can also include other attributes in addition to the above attributes. Among them, the meaning of some indicators is shown in Table 2 below:
- the calculation of basic spatial indicators is based on the selected spatial range and according to the indicator interpretation module. It automatically obtains the feature model information data in the spatial range and substitutes into the algorithm function to calculate the basic spatial index.
- the space calculation tool module is divided into three space calculation toolkits: space basic calculation toolkit, single-dimensional data calculation toolkit, and multi-source data coupling. Calculation toolkit
- the spatial basic calculation toolkit performs geometric analysis of the spatial shape of the selected range, which can be implemented by loading tool modules such as distance analysis, area analysis, and neighborhood analysis under SuperMap;
- Neighborhood analysis visual representation of conceptual classes in the neighborhood or objects in the real world
- Single-dimensional data calculation toolkit which analyzes the distribution structure of the single-dimensional data type for the selected range, and can be loaded with tool modules such as interpolation analysis and density analysis under SuperMap;
- Interpolation analysis predicting cell values in a raster based on limited sample data points, kriging interpolation
- Density analysis Interpolation calculation is performed by discrete point data or line data. According to different interpolation principles, it is mainly divided into kernel density analysis and ordinary point or line density analysis;
- Multi-source data coupling calculation toolkit which analyzes the superimposed coupling degree of any two types of data in the multi-source data for the selected range, and can be loaded with tool modules such as multivariate analysis and overlay analysis under SuperMap;
- Multivariate analysis an analytical method that studies the relationship between multiple independent and dependent variables
- Overlay analysis under a unified spatial reference system, generates a new data analysis method through a series of set operations on any two types of data in multi-source data.
- the method of drawing a spatial range on the system map refers to a closed area formed by sequentially clicking multiple coordinate points on the system map by clicking the mouse on the system map, that is, extracting data offline. Space range.
- Dynamically edit design solutions use mouse drag and drop interactive operations or interface to modify parameters, based on memory simulation, real-time stretching or scaling of model size, dynamic reconstruction of models, and based on texture mapping technology, adjust model rendering colors or texture maps in real time, Edit the scheme to save and export.
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Claims (7)
- 一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,包括以下模块:沙盘环境构建模块,用于城市设计沙盘的数字化环境构建;要素分级显示模块,用于对城市设计要素进行分层管理,并通过构建可视化精度分级体系进行分级显示;空间指标解释模块,用于对城市设计数字化沙盘指标库中的指标进行名称、算法及属性的挂接;空间计算工具模块,用于加载工具包,对城市数字化沙盘中选定的范围进行计算;离线数据提取模块,用于在离线模式下,导出选择空间范围内的二维和三维数据;动态即时编辑模块,用于对系统中加载的城市数字化设计方案进行实时编辑操作。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,所述沙盘环境构建模块通过执行以下步骤实现对城市设计沙盘的数字化环境构建:(1.1)获取城市范围内三维切片缓存模型数据,将模型数据进行数字化转换,生成可参与计算的单体模型;(1.2)将多源大数据进行坐标系的转换,统一为所在城市坐标系,存储为SHP格式,实现多源大数据的数字化叠合;(1.3)将城市三维模型设计文件进行格式转换,并进行修编,转换为系统支持的UDB格式的数据源,实现城市设计方案的数字化转换;(1.4)以点、线、面的方式抽取城市设计方案的控制要素,实现对城市设计方案控制要素的提取;(1.5)对城市设计数字化沙盘建成的环境模型及多源大数据文件进行多维数据的储存、共享与发布。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,所述要素分级显示模块功能:(2.1)对城市设计要素数据进行分层存储,并对设计要素以图层树的方式进行分级显示,基于需求交互,动态管理分层设计要素的显示或隐藏;(2.2)根据不同的显示需求,构建可视化精度的分级体系,在不同比例尺下显示相对应精度的要素内容;(2.3)根据可视化精度分级体系,对要素显示的细节层次进行分级展示。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,所述空间指标解释模块功能:(3.1)将所有城市设计中的专业性指标术语进行汇总,形成城市设计数字化沙盘指标库;(3.2)编制指标涵义表,指标涵义表指在城市设计数字化沙盘指标库的基础上,作为指标库的索引文件;(3.3)将指标涵义表录入系统,使得每个指标名词挂接上包括指标解释以及计算公式在内的多个属性链接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,所述空间计算工具模块功能:(4.1)通过要素点选或框选的方式,选择多个要素构成集合或一定的空间范围;(4.2)基于选取的要素集合或空间范围,依据空间指标解释模块,自动获取空间范围内要素模型信息数据,计算出基本空间指标;(4.3)根据城市设计空间计算需求,将空间计算工具模块划分为三个空间计算工具包:空间基础计算工具包、单维度数据计算工具包、多源数据耦合计算工具包,并且通过上述工具包对所选集合或范围分别进行空间形态的几何分析、单维度数据类型的分布结构分析、多源数据中的任意两类数据的叠加耦合程度分析。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,所述离线数据提取模块功能:(5.1)以画选的方式在系统地图上圈定需要离线提取数据的空间范围;(5.2)基于多边形裁切,打包导出选择空间范围内的二维和三维数据。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于构建城市设计数字化沙盘的系统,其特征在于,所述动态即时编辑模块功能:对系统中加载的城市设计方案,通过鼠标拖拽交互操作或界面化修改参数的方式,基于内存模拟,实时拉伸或缩放模型尺寸,动态重建模型,并基于纹理映射技术,实时调整模型渲染颜色或纹理贴图。
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