WO2019218546A1 - 一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法 - Google Patents

一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019218546A1
WO2019218546A1 PCT/CN2018/104858 CN2018104858W WO2019218546A1 WO 2019218546 A1 WO2019218546 A1 WO 2019218546A1 CN 2018104858 W CN2018104858 W CN 2018104858W WO 2019218546 A1 WO2019218546 A1 WO 2019218546A1
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Prior art keywords
mining
ore body
stope
strip
filling
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PCT/CN2018/104858
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于常先
何顺斌
李威
王明斌
贾万玉
杨尚欢
赵洪凯
赵龙
汪姣妍
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山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿
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Publication of WO2019218546A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019218546A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of mining and relates to a mining method for inclined medium and thick ore bodies. This method is mainly applicable to the mining of inclined medium-thick ore bodies in underground gold mining.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mining method for inclined medium-thick ore bodies, which realizes safe, high-efficiency and low-depletion mining of inclined medium-thick ore bodies.
  • a mining method for inclined medium thick ore body characterized by comprising the following steps:
  • the stope is arranged along the strike, the length is 55m, the width of the ore body is the horizontal thickness of the ore body, the height of the middle section is 40m, the height of the section is 13.3m, the width of the column is 3m, and the thickness of the top column is 3m.
  • the mining unit is all filled with cement; when the strip is filled, the cemented surface is filled with cement, and the remaining part is filled with tailings;
  • the artificial false bottom is constructed by reinforced concrete
  • the inclination angle of the ore body of the inclined medium-thick ore body is 45° to 53°, and the horizontal thickness of the ore body is 15 to 25 m.
  • step 1) one lower sloping mine is arranged for every two adjacent stopes.
  • the strip-shaped approach width is 4 m
  • the mine unit has a width of 10 m
  • a stop has a total of 3 approaches.
  • step 3 the parallel operation of the double mine unit is separated by a distance of 18 m.
  • the double approach separation distance is 24 m.
  • the cement is first filled with a cementation ratio of 1:16, and the remaining 0.5 m is a cemented surface filled with a sandstone ratio of 1:5;
  • the filling height is 3m.
  • the full tailing sand is used to fill 2.5m high, and the remaining 0.5m high is filled with cement sand as the cementing surface.
  • step 6 after the mining unit in the stope is harvested to the lower edge of the top pillar, all of the cement is filled with cement with a 1:5 cementation filling; when the strip is fed back to the lower edge of the top pillar, The mining height is changed from 3m to 4m.
  • all the sand-filled sand is more than 1:5 cemented filling for roof filling; when the top pillar is harvested, the vertical-oriented arrangement is 3m*3m. It adopts the backward type to recover from the two wings to the center in turn, and the road filling is filled with cemented sand with a ratio of 1:5.
  • the stope adopts the upward horizontal stratification and the upward approach filling mining method for recovery, and the ore recovery rate is high and the loss rate is low.
  • the depletion rate is low and the quality of the ore is good. Nearly 77% of the mining volume in the stope is up-level horizontal stratification mining, and the ore depletion rate is low.
  • the stope is divided into several mining units and strip-shaped approaches. The span of the stope is small, the exposed area is small, and the safety is high.
  • the double mine unit or the double inlet can be filled at the same time, and the filling efficiency is high.
  • the small section, that is, the layered contact road or the temporary pillar is used to fill the retaining wall for effective sealing, and the retaining wall is highly efficient.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal projection view of a stope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Figure 1; the section is the mining unit of the mine.
  • the mining unit of the mining room has a layered height of 3 meters, and the height of the roof is 4 meters and the filling height is 3 meters.
  • 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1; the section is taken by the access unit, and the mining unit of the mining room is stratified for 3 meters, the height of the roof after landing is 4 meters, and the cementing filling height is 3 meters. The height of the mining height and the top of the roof are 3 meters, and the filling is 3 meters. In addition to the cemented surface, the tailings are filled.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of Figure 1.
  • the stope is arranged along the strike, the length is 55m, the inclination angle of the ore body is 45° ⁇ 53°, and the horizontal thickness of the ore body 14 is 15 ⁇ 25m.
  • the height of the middle section is 40m, the height of the section is 13.3m, and the thickness of the top pillar 13 is 3m, leaving no bottom pillar.
  • the mining unit 7 and the strip-shaped access 8 are arranged at intervals in the stope, the width of the mining unit 7 is 10 m, and the width of the strip-shaped access 8 is 4 m.
  • a sloping mine 3 is arranged in the adjacent two stopes.
  • the middle section of the construction lane 18 is transported, and then the middle section of the middle section of the middle section of the two adjacent exits is mined.
  • the construction of the mine 3 is upward, and the inclination of the mine is about 55°, and it is connected with the various sections of the later construction.
  • the vertical middle section of the transportation lane 18 is connected to the ore body below the construction site.
  • the layered communication road 6 is connected to the column 11 on both sides of the stope.
  • the return air patio 20 is constructed upward and penetrates with the return air well contact road 21 which is constructed downward from the upper middle section.
  • the mining starts.
  • the mining unit 7 is first returned, and the two mining units 7 are simultaneously harvested.
  • One mine unit 7 is adjacent to the column 11, and the other mine unit 7 is located in the middle of the stop.
  • the room units 7 are separated by 18 m.
  • the mining unit has a mining width of 10m, a mining height of 4m, a controlled roof height of 4m and a filling height of 3m.
  • the collected ore 12 is shoveled by the ST-2D diesel scraper and then unloaded in the mine 3.
  • the bottom is cleared in time, and then the reinforced concrete false bottom 16 is poured.
  • the main rib is ⁇ 12mm, the vertical ore body is laid; the auxiliary rib is ⁇ 8mm, and it is laid along the direction.
  • the concrete has a strength rating of C20 and a thickness of 0.4 m.
  • the retaining wall 10 is installed by using the layered contact road 6 to set up the retaining wall 10, or the temporary retaining column is used to fill the retaining wall 9 to set up the wooden board to fill the retaining wall 10, and at the same time, the side of the stopway connecting road 4 near the lower plate , set up steel pipe drainage wells 5.
  • the remaining two mining units 7 will be recovered at the same time.
  • the mining method, the reinforced concrete false bottom 16 pouring and the cementing filling are the same.
  • the strip-shaped access roads on both sides of the central part of the stope will be returned at the same time.
  • the strip-shaped approach 8 will take 3m, the mining height will be 3m, the control roof height will be 3m, and the filling height will be 3m. .
  • the roof filling is carried out in time, and the reinforced concrete false bottom 16 is poured and the cement filling is the same as the mining unit.
  • the remaining stripe 8 is located in the middle of the stope.
  • the mining method, the reinforced concrete false bottom 16 pouring, and the cement filling are all the same as the double strip 8 .
  • the roof of the stopway is pressed according to the design slope, and the top layer is pressed into the upper layer.
  • the 3m*3m layered contact road 6 of the mining body is laid down to the column 11 on both sides of the stope. After the construction of the layered communication road 6 is completed, the mining operation of the stope is started.
  • the mining unit has a mining width of 10m, a mining height of 3m, a controlled roof height of 4m and a filling height of 3m.
  • the collected ore 12 is shoveled by the ST-2D diesel scraper and then unloaded in the mine 3.
  • the cement filling is carried out in time, and the total height of the cemented backfill 15 is 3 m.
  • the cementing filling work was carried out twice, the first cementing filling height was 2.5 m, and the sand-sand ratio was 1:16.
  • the second cementation fill height is 0.5m and the sand-to-sand ratio is 1:5.
  • the retaining wall 10 is installed by using the layered contact road 6 to set up the retaining wall 10, or the temporary retaining column is used to fill the retaining wall 9 to set up the wooden board to fill the retaining wall 10, and at the same time, the side of the stopway connecting road 4 near the lower plate , set up steel pipe drainage wells 5.
  • the strip-shaped access roads on both sides of the central part of the stope will be returned at the same time.
  • the strip-shaped approach 8 will take 3m, the mining height will be 3m, the height of the control roof will be 3m, and the filling will be completed. Height 3m.
  • the roof is filled in time, and the total height of the filling body is 3m.
  • the filling work was carried out twice, and the height of the first tailings filling body 17 was 2.5 m.
  • the second cementation fill height is 0.5m and the sand-to-sand ratio is 1:5.
  • a wooden board filling wall 10 is erected at the opening of the strip 8 .
  • the roof of the stopway will be topped according to the design slope and transferred to the upper layer for recovery.
  • the recovery and filling operations are the same as above, and are cycled in turn.
  • the last layer of mining in the stope refers to the mining of the top level of the top of the top column after the completion of the mining.
  • the mining starts.
  • two mining units 7 are simultaneously harvested, one mining unit 7 is adjacent to the column 11, the other mining unit 7 is located in the middle of the stop, and the two mining units 7 are spaced 18 m apart.
  • the mining unit has a mining width of 10m, a mining height of 3m, a controlled roof height of 4m and a filling height of 4m.
  • the collected ore 12 is shoveled by the ST-2D diesel scraper and then unloaded in the mine 3.
  • the cement filling is carried out in time.
  • the total height of the cemented backing body 15 is 4m, and the ratio of sand to sand is 1:5.
  • the retaining wall 10 is installed by using the layered contact road 6 to set up the retaining wall 10, or the temporary retaining column is used to fill the retaining wall 9 to set up the wooden board to fill the retaining wall 10, and at the same time, the side of the stopway connecting road 4 near the lower plate , set up steel pipe drainage wells 5.
  • the strip-shaped access roads on both sides of the central part of the stope will be returned at the same time.
  • the strip-shaped approach 8 will take 3m, the mining height will be 4m, the control roof height will be 4m, and the filling will be completed. Height 4m.
  • the cemented filling is completed in time, the total height of the cemented backfill is 4m, and the ratio of sand to sand is 1:5.
  • a wooden board filling wall 10 is erected at the opening of the strip 8 .
  • the top column 13 of the stope In addition to the top column 13 of the stope, after all the other ore bodies 14 have been recovered, the top column 13 is returned.
  • the strip-shaped approach 8 is 3m*3m, and the strip-shaped approach is completed 8 times, and the cemented plug is immediately filled.
  • the cemented backfill 15 has a height of 3m and a sand-to-sand ratio of 1:5. According to the mining and filling cycle operation mode, until the top column 13 is fully recovered.
  • the mining method of inclined medium-thick ore bodies of underground mines is adopted to achieve safe, efficient and low-cost mining of ore bodies.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，采场沿走向布置，长度55m，矿体(14)宽度即为矿体(14)水平厚度，中段高度为40m，分段高度13.3m，间柱(11)宽度3m，顶柱(13)厚度3m，不留底柱；采场内间隔布置矿房单元(7)和条形进路(8)，沿矿体(14)走向将中段矿体划分成采场，在垂直方向上将中段又划分成数个分段，主要采用下盘脉外无轨采准方式；垂直中段巷或分段巷向矿体(14)下盘施工采场联络巷(4)，到达矿体(14)后，沿矿体(14)下盘施工分层联络道(6)；矿房单元(7)先进行回采，回采完毕及时进行胶结充填；矿房单元(7)均回采完毕后，再进行回采条形进路(8)；条形进路(8)回采完毕后及时进行尾砂充填。提高了单采场生产能力，降低了采矿作业成本，还具有工艺简单、安全、高效的突出特点。

Description

一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法 技术领域
本发明属于采矿技术领域，涉及一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法。该方法主要适用于地下黄金开采的倾斜中厚矿体的回采。
 背景技术
在倾斜中厚矿体开采中，由于矿体水平厚度相对较厚大，在采矿过程中，为确保顶板安全，必须预留保安矿柱，从而造成矿石损失。如果不预留保安矿柱，采场暴露面积又较大，安全隐患较大，作业不安全。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，实现对倾斜中厚矿体安全、高效、低贫损开采。
 技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1）、采场沿走向布置，长度55m，矿体宽度为矿体水平厚度，中段高度为40m，分段高度13.3m，间柱宽度3m，顶柱厚度3m；
2）、沿矿体走向将中段矿体划分成采场，在垂直方向上将中段又划分成数个分段，在采场内间隔布置矿房单元和条形进路；矿房单元先进行回采，矿房单元均回采完毕后，再进行回采条形进路；
3）、采场内矿房单元回采时，采用双矿房单元平行作业；采场内条形进路回采时，先期采用双进路平行作业，双进路回采完毕后，再进行单条进路作业；双进路间隔距离为24m；
4）、矿房单元全部采用胶结充填；条形进路充填时，除胶结面采用胶结充填外，剩余部分采用尾砂充填；
5）、中段对应的采场内首层回采结束时，采用钢筋混凝土构筑人工假底；
6）、采场内条形进路和矿房单元回采到顶柱下边缘时，全部进行接顶充填；顶柱回采采用垂直走向布置的进路回采；
所述倾斜中厚矿体的矿体倾角为45°～53°，矿体水平厚度为15～25m。
优选地，步骤1）中，每两个相邻采场布置一个下盘溜矿井。
优选地，步骤2）中，条形进路宽度4m，矿房单元宽度10m；一个采场共布置3条进路。
优选地，步骤3）中，平行作业的双矿房单元间隔距离为18m。
优选地，步骤3）中，双进路间隔距离为24m。
优选地，步骤4）中，矿房单元充填时，首先采用灰砂比1：16的胶结充填2.5m高，剩余0.5m高采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填作为胶结面；条形进路充填时，充填高度3m，首先采用全尾砂充填2.5m高，剩余0.5m高采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填作为胶结面。
优选地，步骤6）中，采场内矿房单元回采到顶柱下边缘回采结束后，全部采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填进行接顶充填；条形进路回采到顶柱下边缘时，采高由3m变成4m，条形进路回采结束后，全部采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填进行接顶充填；顶柱回采时，采用垂直走向布置的规格为3m*3m进路回采，采用后退式从两翼到中央依次回采，进路充填采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填接顶。
 有益效果
本发明的积极效果在于：
1、生产能力大，采矿效率高。采场内每分层共有4个矿房单元和3条进路，矿房单元采用上向水平分层充填采矿法开采，矿房单元回采时，均采用双矿房单元平行作业，生产能力大；条形进路初期回采时，均采用双进路平行作业，效率高。
2、损失率低，采矿回收率高。采场采用上向水平分层和上向进路充填采矿法进行回采，矿石回采率高，损失率低。
3、贫化率低，出矿质量好。采场近77%的矿量为上向水平分层法采矿，矿石贫化率低。
4、作业安全性高。将采场划分成数个矿房单元和条形进路，采场跨度小，暴露面积小，安全性高。
5、充填效率高。一方面，充填时，双矿房单元或双进路能够同时充填，充填效率高。另一方面，矿房单元充填时，利用小断面即分层联络道或临时矿柱充填挡墙进行有效封堵，架设挡墙效率高。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的采场纵投影图。
图2为图1的Ⅱ—Ⅱ剖面图；该处剖的是矿房回采单元，矿房回采单元分层采高3米，落矿后控顶高度4米，充填高度3米。
图3为图1的Ⅲ—Ⅲ剖面图；该处剖的是进路单元回采，矿房回采单元分层采高3米，落矿后控顶高度4米，胶结充填高度3米。采高和控顶高度均为3米，充填3米接顶，除胶结面为胶结充填外，均为尾砂充填。
图4为图1的Ⅳ—Ⅳ剖面图。
图中：1—中（分）段联络道；2—分段平巷；3—溜矿井；4—采场联络巷；5—钢筒泄水井；6—分层联络道；7—矿房单元；8—条形进路；9—临时矿柱充填挡墙；10—木板充填挡墙；11—间柱；12—矿石；13—顶柱；14—矿体；15—胶结充填体；16—钢筋混凝土假底；17—尾砂充填体；18—中段运输巷；19—中段出矿横巷；20—回风天井；21—回风井联络道；22—上中段运输巷。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明针对倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法的实施例，其包括以下步骤：
1、采场沿走向布置，长度55m，矿体14倾角为45°～53°，矿体14水平厚度为15～25m。中段高度为40m，分段高度13.3m，顶柱13厚度3m，不留底柱。采场内间隔布置矿房单元7和条形进路8，矿房单元7宽度为10m，条形进路8宽度为4m。相邻两个采场布置一条溜矿井3。
2、在矿体下盘布置无轨采准系统，参见图1、图2、图3和图4，
首先通过中（分）段联络道1施工中段运输巷18，然后在两个相邻采场中部中段运输巷的下盘施工中段出矿横巷19。在中段出矿横巷19中向上施工溜矿井3，溜矿井倾角55°左右，并与后期施工的各分段平巷2贯通。
在采场中央位置，垂直中段运输巷18向矿体下盘施工采场联络道4。到达矿体下盘边界后，在采场内沿矿体走向施工分层联络道6至采场两侧间柱11。在靠近矿体下盘位置，在采场联络道4一侧，向上施工回风天井20，并与从上中段运输巷22向下施工的回风井联络道21贯通。
3、采场首层回采。
在采场分层联络道6内，开始进行回采。采场首层回采时，先回采矿房单元7，两个矿房单元7同时进行回采，一个矿房单元7与间柱11相邻，另一个矿房单元7位于采场中部，两个矿房单元7间隔18m。矿房单元采幅10m，采高4m，控顶高度4m，充填高度3m。采下的矿石12通过ST-2D柴油铲运机铲装后在溜矿井3卸矿，双矿房单元7回采完毕后，及时进行清底，然后进行钢筋混凝土假底16浇筑，钢筋网度为250mm×250mm，主筋φ12mm，垂直矿体走向铺设；副筋φ8mm，沿走向铺设。混凝土强度等级为C20，厚度0.4m。钢筋混凝土假底16施工结束后，自然养护7天，即可进行人工假底的胶结充填工作，胶结充填体15总高度为2.6m。人工假底的胶结充填工作分二次进行，第一次胶结充填高度为1m，第二次胶结充填高度为1.6m，两次胶结充填体15灰砂比均为1：5。胶结充填前，根据情况，利用分层联络道6架设木板充填挡墙10，或利用临时矿柱充填挡墙9架设木板充填挡墙10，同时，在采场联络道4靠近下盘的一侧，架设钢筒泄水井5。
采场首层双矿房单元7回采及充填结束后，再同时回采剩余两个矿房单元7，其回采方式、钢筋混凝土假底16浇筑、胶结充填均同上。
采场4个矿房单元7回采及充填结束后，再同时回采采场中央两侧的条形进路8，条形进路8采幅3m，采高3m，控顶高度3m，充填高度3m。双条形进路8回采结束后，及时进行接顶充填，其钢筋混凝土假底16浇筑、胶结充填均同矿房单元。
最后回采剩余的1条位于采场中部的条形进路8，其回采方式、钢筋混凝土假底16浇筑、胶结充填均同双条形进路8。
4、采场其他层回采。
采场首层回采、充填结束后，对采场联络道4按照设计坡度进行顶板压顶，转入上分层回采。采场联络道4压顶结束后，在采场内，沿矿体下盘施工规格3m*3m的分层联络道6至采场两侧间柱11。分层联络道6施工完毕后，开始进行采场回采作业。
首先回采矿房单元7，两个矿房单元7同时进行回采，一个矿房单元7与间柱11相邻，另一个矿房单元7位于采场中部，两个矿房单元7间隔18m。矿房单元采幅10m，采高3m，控顶高度4m，充填高度3m。采下的矿石12通过ST-2D柴油铲运机铲装后在溜矿井3卸矿，双矿房单元7回采完毕后，及时进行胶结充填，胶结充填体15总高度为3m。胶结充填工作分二次进行，第一次胶结充填高度为2.5m，灰砂比为1：16。第二次胶结充填高度为0.5m，灰砂比为1：5。胶结充填前，根据情况，利用分层联络道6架设木板充填挡墙10，或利用临时矿柱充填挡墙9架设木板充填挡墙10，同时，在采场联络道4靠近下盘的一侧，架设钢筒泄水井5。
采场本层双矿房单元7回采及充填结束后，再同时回采剩余两个矿房单元7，其回采方式、胶结充填均同上。
采场本层4个矿房单元7回采及充填结束后，再同时回采采场中央两侧的条形进路8，条形进路8采幅3m，采高3m，控顶高度3m，充填高度3m。双条形进路8回采结束后，及时进行接顶充填，充填体总高度为3m。充填工作分二次进行，第一次尾砂充填体17高度为2.5m。第二次胶结充填高度为0.5m，灰砂比为1：5。充填前，在条形进路8开口处架设木板充填挡墙10。
最后回采本层剩余的1条位于采场中部的条形进路8，其回采方式、充填均同上述双条形进路8。
本层矿体14全部回采完毕后，对采场联络道4按照设计坡度进行顶板压顶，转入上分层回采。其回采、充填作业方式同上，依次循环。
5、采场最后一层回采。
采场最后一层回采是指采场落矿完毕后采场顶板标高线恰好为顶柱底板标高线的那一层的回采。
在采场最后一层分层联络道6内，开始进行回采。首先回采矿房单元7，两个矿房单元7同时进行回采，一个矿房单元7与间柱11相邻，另一个矿房单元7位于采场中部，两个矿房单元7间隔18m。矿房单元采幅10m，采高3m，控顶高度4m，充填高度4m。采下的矿石12通过ST-2D柴油铲运机铲装后在溜矿井3卸矿，双矿房单元7回采完毕后，及时进行胶结充填，胶结充填体15总高度为4m，灰砂比为1：5。胶结充填前，根据情况，利用分层联络道6架设木板充填挡墙10，或利用临时矿柱充填挡墙9架设木板充填挡墙10，同时，在采场联络道4靠近下盘的一侧，架设钢筒泄水井5。
采场本层双矿房单元7回采及充填结束后，再同时回采剩余两个矿房单元7，其回采方式、胶结充填均同上。
采场本层4个矿房单元7回采及充填结束后，再同时回采采场中央两侧的条形进路8，条形进路8采幅3m，采高4m，控顶高度4m，充填高度4m。双条形进路8回采结束后，及时进行接顶胶结充填，胶结充填体总高度为4m，灰砂比为1：5。充填前，在条形进路8开口处架设木板充填挡墙10。
最后回采本层剩余的1条位于采场中部的条形进路8，其回采方式、充填均同上述双条形进路8。
6、采场顶柱的回采。
采场除顶柱13外，其他矿体14全部回采完毕后，再进行回采顶柱13。
从上中段运输巷22沿回风井联络道21到达矿体下盘，在采场内，沿矿体下盘施工规格3m*3m的分层联络道6至采场两侧间柱11。分层联络道6施工完毕后，开始进行采场回采作业。
从采场两翼即间柱11处向采场中央后退式依次回采，采下的矿石12通过ST-2D柴油铲运机铲装后在溜矿井3卸矿。条形进路8规格为3m*3m，条形进路8回采完毕一条，立即进行胶结接顶充填，胶结充填体15高度为3m，灰砂比为1：5。按照采矿、充填循环作业方式，直至顶柱13全部回采完毕。
对地下矿山倾斜中厚矿体，通过采用一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，实现了矿体安全、高效、低成本开采。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
    1）、采场沿走向布置，长度55m，矿体宽度为矿体水平厚度，中段高度为40m，分段高度13.3m，间柱宽度3m，顶柱厚度3m；
    2）、沿矿体走向将中段矿体划分成采场，在垂直方向上将中段又划分成数个分段，在采场内间隔布置矿房单元和条形进路；矿房单元先进行回采，矿房单元均回采完毕后，再进行回采条形进路；
    3）、采场内矿房单元回采时，采用双矿房单元平行作业；采场内条形进路回采时，先期采用双进路平行作业，双进路回采完毕后，再进行单条进路作业；双进路间隔距离为24m；
    4）、矿房单元全部采用胶结充填；条形进路充填时，除胶结面采用胶结充填外，剩余部分采用尾砂充填；
    5）、中段对应的采场内首层回采结束时，采用钢筋混凝土构筑人工假底；
    6）、采场内条形进路和矿房单元回采到顶柱下边缘时，全部进行接顶充填；顶柱回采采用垂直走向布置的进路回采；
    所述倾斜中厚矿体的矿体倾角为45°～53°，矿体水平厚度为15～25m。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于：步骤1）中，每两个相邻采场布置一个下盘溜矿井。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于：步骤2）中，条形进路宽度4m，矿房单元宽度10m；一个采场共布置3条进路。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于：步骤3）中，平行作业的双矿房单元间隔距离为18m。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于：步骤3）中，双进路间隔距离为24m。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于：步骤4）中，矿房单元充填时，首先采用灰砂比1：16的胶结充填2.5m高，剩余0.5m高采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填作为胶结面；条形进路充填时，充填高度3m，首先采用全尾砂充填2.5m高，剩余0.5m高采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填作为胶结面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的倾斜中厚矿体的采矿方法，其特征在于：步骤6）中，采场内矿房单元回采到顶柱下边缘回采结束后，全部采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填进行接顶充填；条形进路回采到顶柱下边缘时，采高由3m变成4m，条形进路回采结束后，全部采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填进行接顶充填；顶柱回采时，采用垂直走向布置的规格为3m*3m进路回采，采用后退式从两翼到中央依次回采，进路充填采用灰砂比1：5的胶结充填接顶。
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