WO2019214616A1 - 屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统 - Google Patents

屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019214616A1
WO2019214616A1 PCT/CN2019/085856 CN2019085856W WO2019214616A1 WO 2019214616 A1 WO2019214616 A1 WO 2019214616A1 CN 2019085856 W CN2019085856 W CN 2019085856W WO 2019214616 A1 WO2019214616 A1 WO 2019214616A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
radiation
chamber
shielding
radiation source
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/085856
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张颜民
裘伟东
丛鹏
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2019214616A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019214616A1/zh
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
    • G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/02—Transportable or portable shielded containers with provision for restricted exposure of a radiation source within the container
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of security detection technologies, and in particular, to a shielding room, a radiation source device, and a vehicle safety detection system.
  • Radiation imaging technology is gradually applied to vehicle safety detection systems because of its clear image and rapid detection of contraband, which not only reduces the labor intensity of the inspectors, but also improves the detection efficiency.
  • the ray source device is a key device of the vehicle inspection system.
  • the ray source is placed in a heavy shielding body.
  • the shielding body is generally made of a relatively expensive high-density alloy material.
  • the amount of high-density material directly affects the cost of the ray source device. In addition, it directly affects the image quality and running performance of the vehicle safety detection system, and the operation and maintenance costs are also considerable. Therefore, how to reduce the amount of high-density alloy material without affecting the shielding effect of the shield body has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • An object of the present application is to provide a shielding room and a radiation source device which are light in weight, low in cost, and have a good shielding effect.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a vehicle safety detecting system that detects images with high detection efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a shielding room, comprising: a shielding body having a chamber for accommodating a radiation source and an opening communicating with the chamber, the shielding body being placed close to the ground or buried at a predetermined depth below the ground and avoiding Opening the opening such that the source is aligned with the opening when the first source is located in the chamber, and radiates radiation outwardly through the opening, the radiation source being unable to radiate radiation through the opening when the source is in the second position in the chamber; wherein, after passing through the first position Dividing the shielding body into the first shielding portion and the second shielding portion with the horizontal plane of the second position, and the second shielding portion is close to the ground, and the cross-sectional area of the portion of the first shielding portion other than the opening is larger than the second in any vertical plane The cross-sectional area of the shield in the corresponding vertical plane.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a radiation source device, comprising: a radiation source for radiating radiation; and a shielding body as described above, wherein the radiation source is movably received in the chamber of the shielding body, wherein When the radiation source moves to the first position of the chamber, the radiation can be radiated outward through the opening of the shielding body; when the radiation source moves to the second position of the chamber, the radiation cannot be radiated outward through the opening of the shielding body.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle safety detecting system, comprising: a ray source device as described above; and a detector device corresponding to the ray source device to form a detection area to enable detection The vehicle passes the inspection area for safety inspection.
  • the shielding room provided by the present application reduces the structure of the shielding body by nearly half, and the shielding effect is greatly reduced while greatly reducing the cost of the radiation source device.
  • the vehicle safety detecting system provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the radiation source device as described above, and the obtained bottom view detection image is clear and reliable, and reduces the overall cost of the vehicle safety detecting system.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective structural view of a first shielding room provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the shielded chamber of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective structural view of a second shielding room provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a third shielding room provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth shielding room provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fifth shielding room provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sixth shielding room provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective structural view of a radiation source device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the radiation source device shown in Figure 8 placed below the ground;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of ray radiation of a radiation source when an opening of a shielded chamber is provided as a collimator according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another radiation source device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle safety detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle safety detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a shielding room 10 including a shielding body 1 .
  • the shielding body 1 has a chamber 11 for accommodating a radiation source and an opening 12 communicating with the chamber 11.
  • the shielding body 1 is placed close to the ground or buried at a predetermined depth below the ground and avoids the opening 12, so that the source of the radiation is located in the chamber 11.
  • a position a aligns with the opening 12 and radiates radiation outwardly through the opening 12, which is not radiant outwardly through the opening 12 when the source is located at the second position b in the chamber 11.
  • the shielding body 1 is divided into the first shielding portion 1a and the second shielding portion 1b through the horizontal planes of the first position a and the second position b, and the second shielding portion 1b is close to the ground, and the first shielding portion 1a is apart from the opening 12.
  • the cross-sectional area of any portion in any vertical plane is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second shield portion 1b in the corresponding vertical plane.
  • the first shielding portion 1a is for shielding the upper hemisphere radiation area of the radiation source, and the lower hemisphere radiation area of the radiation source is mainly shielded by the second shielding portion 1b and the land, thereby preventing the radiation from the radiation source in the chamber 11 from being irradiated. Leaks other than the opening 12 are leaked.
  • the shielding body 1 Since the shielding body 1 has good shielding performance, mechanical properties and thermodynamic performance, and is tolerant to various climates, it is generally made of a relatively expensive high-density tungsten alloy material such as, but not limited to, a high density of tungsten-nickel iron.
  • the alloy is formed by mixing, pressing, cold isostatic pressing, and the alloy density after sintering is 180.2 g/cm 3 , the tensile strength is about 800 MPa, and the hardness is HRC 24-30. Therefore, the structural size of the second shielding portion 1b can be minimized as long as the basic mechanical properties are satisfied.
  • the second shielding portion 1b only needs to be able to withstand the radiation source in the chamber 11 and drive the radiation source in the chamber.
  • the gravity of the driving device reciprocating within 11 causes the lower hemisphere radiation area of the radiation source to be mainly shielded by the ground or a predetermined depth of land, thereby reducing the material cost and weight of the shielded chamber 10.
  • the shielding room 10 places the shielding body 1 close to the ground or is buried at a predetermined depth below the ground, compared with the shielding room structure in the prior art that completely shields the entire radiation area of the radiation source by relying on expensive shielding material. It is said that the amount of the high-density tungsten alloy shielding material is reduced by nearly half, which greatly reduces the cost and weight of the shielded room 10 while satisfying the shielding effect.
  • the first shield portion 1a of the shield body 1 is a revolving body formed by the bus bar G rotating around a horizontal axis L of the first position a and the second position b by a predetermined angle, and the revolving body is opposite
  • the first plane a is symmetrically disposed with the vertical plane of the second position b.
  • the predetermined angle may be 120°-180°, and the shielding body 1 is buried below the ground, the deeper the predetermined depth is, the smaller the predetermined angle is, when the shielding body 1 is placed close to the ground, the predetermined angle reaches a maximum value, that is, close to 180°, according to Specific use occasions.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the predetermined angle as 180° as an example.
  • the bus bar G of the first shield portion 1a of the shield body 1 may be a quarter arc, a straight line, and a quarter arc connected in sequence in the horizontal direction, and the first position a of the chamber 11 and one of the 1
  • the center of the arcuate sphere formed by the /4 arc rotation coincides, and the second position b coincides with the center of the arcuate sphere formed by the other quarter arc.
  • the second shield portion 1b may be a rectangular structure integrally formed with the first shield portion 1a, and the height of the second shield portion 1b may be minimized as long as the basic mechanical properties are satisfied.
  • the opening 12 of the shield body 1 thus obtained is in communication with the chamber 11 and aligned with the first position a such that the radiation of the radiation source is radiated through the opening 12 when the radiation source is in the first position a, and the radiation source is located in the second At position b, the radiation of its radiation deviates from the opening 12 and cannot be radiated outward through the opening 12.
  • the shield body 1 in order to facilitate the processing of the shield body 1, can be segmented, for example, a section of a quarter arc on the bus bar 1a, a straight line and another section of a quarter arc as a boundary point, the shield body 1 is divided into three parts, each part is respectively sintered by powder metallurgy, and then assembled by bolt fastening.
  • the bus bar G of the first shielding portion 1a of the shielding body 1 may also be a 1/2 ellipse whose long axis is on the horizontal axis L, wherein the center of the 1/2 ellipse is For the dot, after dividing the length of the major axis of the 1/2 ellipse into three, the bisecting points on both sides may be the first position a and the second position b of the chamber 11, respectively.
  • the opening 12 of the shield body 1 thus obtained is in communication with the chamber 11 and aligned with the first position a such that the radiation of the radiation source is radiated through the opening 12 when the radiation source is in the first position a, and the radiation source is located in the second At position b, the radiation of its radiation deviates from the opening 12 and cannot be radiated outward through the opening 12.
  • the second shield portion 1b may be a rectangular structure integrally formed with the first shield portion 1a, and the height of the rectangular structure body can be minimized as long as the basic mechanical properties are satisfied.
  • first position a and the second position b of the chamber 11 are not limited to the positions described in the embodiment, as long as the radiation can be radiated outward through the opening 12 in the first position a, and cannot be in the second position b in the first position a. Radiation can be radiated outward through the opening 12.
  • the structure of the shielding body 1 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, for example, the first shielding portion 1a of the shielding body 1 may be formed by sequentially connecting a quarter arc and a linear rotation by 180°.
  • the rotating body can be used as long as its thickness can meet the shielding requirements.
  • the chamber 11 is disposed as a cylindrical groove having a central axis passing through the first position a and the second position b, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical groove is provided with a first passage communicating with the opening 12.
  • the hole 11a radiates radiation outward through the first through hole 11a and the opening 12 when the radiation source is at the first position a.
  • the cylindrical groove is also for receiving a shield rod that causes the linear source to reciprocate linearly between the first position a and the second position b.
  • the chamber 11 includes a through hole 11'b and a blind hole 11'c which are successively arranged in the vertical direction, and the diameter of the blind hole 11'c is larger than that of the through hole 11'b.
  • Diameter, and a stepped surface between the blind hole 11'c and the through hole 11'b is provided with a second through hole 11'a communicating with the opening 12, and the first position a and the second position b are located in the blind hole 11'c
  • the radiation is radiated outward through the second through hole 11'a and the opening 12 when the radiation source is at the first position a.
  • the blind hole 11'c is for accommodating a turntable that drives the ray source to reciprocally rotate between the first position a and the second position b, and the through hole 11'b is for accommodating the shield shaft integrally formed with the turntable.
  • a through hole may be formed in the bottom of the second shielding portion 1b, and the through hole is covered by a detachable cover.
  • the opening 12 provided on the shielding body 1 can be selected to be a circular hole or a slit-shaped opening according to actual illumination requirements. Since the shielding body 1 has a sufficient thickness by itself, the opening 12 can also be used as a collimator of the radiation source device for extracting the detection rays and constraining the shape and size of the detection rays so that the rays are collimated to the radiation source.
  • the vertices can relate to the larger fan area of the entire inspection object.
  • the opening is a collimator and is slit-shaped, so that the radiation radiated by the radiation source through the opening 12 is a fan-shaped scanning surface, and the angle of the opening can be maximized on the shielding body 1 so that the radiation source device is guaranteed to be good.
  • the shielding effect can have a large opening angle at the same time, that is, a wider radiation area.
  • the shield body 1 further includes a movable portion 13 formed by cutting on the main body portion of the shield body 1, and the movable portion 13 is movable in a direction away from or close to the shield body 1 to form the opening 12. Or close the opening 12.
  • the movable portion 13 can be, for example, an arcuate sphere cut in the horizontal direction of the shield body 1.
  • the movable portion 13 may be coupled to the drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism drives the movable portion 13 to linearly reciprocate to approach or away from the body portion of the shield body 1. After the movable portion 13 is moved a predetermined distance away from the main body of the shield body 1, a slit-like opening 12 can be formed, so that the width of the opening 12 can be adjusted according to the need of the radiation dose.
  • the driving mechanism drives the movable portion 13 to move toward the main body portion of the shielding body 1, thereby resetting the movable portion 13 in time, closing the opening 12 of the shielding body 1 to prevent a radiation leakage accident from being threatened. Personal safety increases the safety and reliability of the source device.
  • the driving mechanism may be a mechanism that can drive the linear movement of the movable portion 13 such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion transmission mechanism, and will not be described again.
  • the movable portion 13 can also be cut into a fan shape (not shown) in a vertical plane of the shield body 1, so that the movable portion 13 can fit the tilt thereof.
  • the cutting surface is raised or lowered along the slope, depending on the radiation requirements of the radiation surface.
  • the shielding room 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a base 2 having a receiving cavity 2a, and the shielding body 1 is detachably placed in the receiving cavity 2a, The shielding body 1 and the pedestal 2 are placed close to the ground or buried at a predetermined depth below the ground and avoid the opening 12.
  • the side wall of the accommodating cavity 2a is provided with a mounting groove 2b.
  • the mounting groove 2b has a stepped shape in a vertical plane.
  • the shielding body 1 is provided with a fixing ear 1c corresponding to the position, and the fixing ear 1c is installed from the mounting groove 2b.
  • the stepped groove is embedded and stuck. It should be noted that the fixing manner of the shielding body 1 and the base 2 is not limited to this locking manner, and may be integrally connected by screw fastening or the like.
  • the base 2 can be made of stainless steel or reinforced concrete and has a certain shielding function to facilitate the movement of the shielded chamber 10 composed of the base 2 and the shield body 1 to any desired occasion. Since the susceptor 2 can be fabricated using a relatively inexpensive and lightweight material, the shielded chamber 10 greatly reduces the cost, reduces the weight, and facilitates movement while satisfying the shielding effect.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a radiation source device 100 comprising any of the shielding chamber 10 and the radiation source 20 as described above.
  • Radiation source 20 is used to radiate radiation.
  • the radiation source 20 is movably received within the chamber 11 of the shield body 1.
  • the ray source device 100 as a whole may be placed close to the ground G or placed at a predetermined depth below the ground G.
  • the radiation source 20 can perform safety detection on the detection object in cooperation with the detector device S disposed in the detection device and other image acquisition devices.
  • the radiation source 20 uses an isotope radiation source, specifically, for example, 60Co, 137Cs, 192Ir, 75Se, preferably 60Co, which has high energy and can be matched with a larger opening angle provided by the opening 12 to form Strong fan-shaped scanning surface for more accurate scanning detection of the object to be measured, especially suitable for rapid detection of vehicles for a long time.
  • an isotope radiation source specifically, for example, 60Co, 137Cs, 192Ir, 75Se, preferably 60Co, which has high energy and can be matched with a larger opening angle provided by the opening 12 to form Strong fan-shaped scanning surface for more accurate scanning detection of the object to be measured, especially suitable for rapid detection of vehicles for a long time.
  • the radiation source 20 When the radiation source 20 is moved to the first position a of the chamber 11, the radiation can be radiated outward through the opening 12 of the shielding body 1; when the radiation source 20 is moved to the second position b of the chamber 11, the radiation cannot pass through the shielding body
  • the opening 12 of 1 radiates outward. Since the radiation source 20 uses an isotope radiation source, the volume is small, the quality is light, and the shutter opening speed is fast. Compared with the conventional radiation source device, by setting a separate shutter opening or closing structure outside the device, the shutter opening and closing speed can be effectively improved. At the same time, the impact of the conventional shutter opening or closing structure on the device itself is avoided, thereby prolonging the service life of the radiation source device.
  • the shielding body 10 is placed below the ground G, and the opening 12 of the shielding body 10 is used as a collimator.
  • the radiation emitted by the radiation source 20 is collimated by the collimator 12 and then placed in the detector device.
  • the full-shadow area A and the penumbra area B are formed on S, wherein the ray intensity of the full-shadow area A is uniform, which is a full-intensity ray, and the ray intensity of the penumbra area B is uneven, and the closer to the edge, the lower the intensity is partial intensity Rays, therefore, the penumbra B should be reduced as much as possible.
  • the ratio of the length L of the opening 12 to the width W is a collimation ratio, and the larger the collimation ratio, the smaller the penumbra B is.
  • the width W of the opening 12 can be adjusted according to the needs of the radiation dose, that is, the width of the collimator can be reduced, or the depth at which the shield body 10 is placed below the ground G can be adjusted, that is, the opening 12 can be enlarged.
  • the length L makes the collimation ratio larger, so that the penumbra B is reduced as much as possible while obtaining a sufficient full-shadow area A.
  • the radiation source device 100 further includes a transmission mechanism 30 coupled to the radiation source 20 to drive the radiation source 20 to reciprocate between the first position a and the second position b of the chamber 11.
  • a transmission mechanism 30 coupled to the radiation source 20 to drive the radiation source 20 to reciprocate between the first position a and the second position b of the chamber 11.
  • the ray source 20 can be continuously scanned at the first position a as needed, or the ray source 20 can be periodically switched between the first position a and the second position b by the transmission mechanism 30, The objects to be inspected are scanned at intervals.
  • the transmission mechanism 30 may be a linear drive mechanism, and the linear drive mechanism passes through the shield rod 21 (Fig.
  • the drive ray source 20 is reciprocating linearly moved along the cylindrical through hole.
  • the linear drive mechanism can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electromagnet, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion mechanism, and the like.
  • the radiation source 20 is movably mounted in the chamber 11 through the shielding rod 21, and the shielding rod 21 is made of a shielding material in order to prevent the radiation from leaking from the through hole.
  • the radiation source 20 can of course be engaged with the shielding rod 21 by other connection means.
  • the transmission mechanism 30 may also be a rotary drive mechanism, and the chamber 11 includes through holes 11' successively disposed in the vertical direction. b and the blind hole 11'c, the turntable 21' accommodated by the blind hole 11'c drives the radiation source to reciprocately rotate between the first position a and the second position b, and the shield shaft 22' accommodated in the through hole 11'b
  • the turntable 21' is integrally formed.
  • the rotary drive mechanism comprises a rotary electric machine or a rotary electric machine connected to the reducer, the output shaft thereof is coaxially connected with the shield shaft 22', and the radiation source 20 is mounted on the end of the turntable away from the center of the circle and can be embedded in the blind hole 11'c, when the rotary motor drives the turntable
  • the ray source 20 is rotated to the first position a corresponding to the second through hole 11'a, the ray source 20 radiates radiation outward through the opening 12, and when rotated to the second position b, the radiation cannot be radiated outward through the opening 12.
  • the turntable 21' and the shield shaft 22' are both made of a shielding material.
  • the rotational driving mechanism is not limited thereto as long as the driving radiation source 20 can be rotated.
  • the radiation source device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is light in weight and low in cost, and can be applied to various types of safety detecting devices for radiating detecting rays to an object to be detected (exemplarily, for example, a vehicle or a container) as needed.
  • the detection object is detected by the detector device arranged in the detection chamber and other image acquisition devices.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle safety detecting system including any of the radiation source device 100 and the detector device 200 as described above.
  • the detector device 200 is disposed corresponding to the radiation source device 100 to form a detection area for causing the vehicle V to be inspected to perform a security inspection through the detection area.
  • the detector assembly 200 includes a gantry frame 210 and a plurality of array detectors 220 on the gantry frame 210.
  • the detector 220 can employ a gas ionization detector, a scintillator detector, or a semiconductor detector.
  • the gantry frame 210 is disposed corresponding to the ray source device 100 such that a detection area can be formed between the plurality of array detectors 220 and the ray source device 100.
  • the detection rays radiated by the radiation source device 100 are distributed in a fan-shaped plane, and the radiation source device 100 is capable of providing detection rays having a scanning range of at least 90 degrees to 180 degrees. Since the radiation source device 100 has a larger opening angle, when the radiation source device 100 is placed on the ground or below the ground to detect the vehicle, the distance between the radiation source device 100 and the chassis portion of the vehicle to be inspected and its internal articles is closer.
  • the wheel image is equivalent to the side view image and has no overlap, and the obtained bottom view detection image is more extended, which facilitates the identification and analysis of the detected image by the detecting personnel.
  • the detector device 200 is disposed on the ground and the radiation source device 100 is disposed opposite to the image.
  • the top view detection image obtained at the top has an advantage in detecting the sharpness of the image, the overall weight of the structure, and the ease of installation and use.
  • the shutter opening speed of the source device 100 is fast and the width of the opening 12 is adjustable so that the radiation dose and the radiation opening angle of the source 20 can be controlled.
  • the vehicle safety detection system can take several different forms.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a straight-through vehicle rapid safety detection system 500 in which a shield body 10 of a radiation source device 100 is placed at a predetermined distance below the ground G.
  • the vehicle rapid safety detection system 500 detects the vehicle, the vehicle does not need to stop, the driver and the occupant of the vehicle do not need to get off the vehicle, and the vehicle directly passes through the detection chamber at a certain speed to obtain a full-vehicle radiation scan image including the driver and the occupant. .
  • the system greatly improves the detection efficiency and throughput rate of the vehicle, and the image quality meets the detection requirements.
  • the speed of the detected vehicle passing through the detection chamber is generally, for example, 6-20 km/h, and when the speed is lower than 6 km/h, the radiation dose of the vehicle personnel is higher than the limit value of the radiation dose for the human body safety inspection.
  • the passing rate of the vehicle can reach 500 vehicles/h, which can meet the traffic rate requirements of busy highway security check bays, customs clearance rooms, etc., and will not cause traffic congestion.
  • the shielded chamber 10 in the source device 100 can be placed separately below the ground G, the opening 12 of which can serve as a collimator for the large collimation ratio, collimating the fan beam into a sheet fan beam,
  • the width of the penumbra is as small as possible, and the width of the full-image area is matched with the width of the ray entrance window of the detector device 200, which satisfies the use of useful rays of the full-image area for scanning imaging as much as possible, and improves the image of the radiation imaging.
  • the quality reduces the useless radiation of the penumbra to illuminate the human body, and at the same time reduces the scattered rays to illuminate the human body, thereby minimizing the radiation dose received by the personnel on the vehicle during the detection process, and providing technical guarantee for the same inspection of the human vehicle.
  • the alignment ratio of the opening 12 may be 100 to 200, and the incident window width of the array detector 220 may be 5-30 mm.
  • the collimator is used to collimate the radiation from the source 20 such that the full shadow area width of each detector 220 is the same or slightly wider than the ray entrance window width of the detector 220.
  • the structure of the gantry frame 210 provides a guarantee for the stability of the relative position of the ray source 20, the opening 12, and the array detector 220.
  • the radiation dose can be further reduced, and the radiation safety of the driver in the vehicle to be inspected is ensured.
  • the straight-through vehicle rapid safety detection system 500 provided by the embodiment of the present application has the overall cost of the straight-through vehicle rapid safety detection system 11 due to the use of the low-cost, light-weight radiation source device 100 as described above. reduce.
  • the shutter can be quickly opened, and after the vehicle body and the carried articles are quickly illuminated, the vehicle can be driven away from the detection channel, simplifying the structure of the vehicle safety detecting device. , improve the detection efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle safety detecting system 500 ′ that is similar in structure to the aforementioned straight-through vehicle rapid safety detecting system 500 , except that it further includes a radiation source.
  • the vehicle delivery device 110 on both sides of the device 100, and the radiation source device 100 has a higher radiation dose, and the detected image is more clear.
  • the vehicle safety detecting system 500' When the vehicle safety detecting system 500' provided by the embodiment of the present application is in operation, the vehicle personnel need to get off the vehicle and pass the detection passage.
  • the vehicle V to be detected is dragged by the vehicle conveying device 110 through the detection channel, and the detection speed is generally 6-18 m/min. That is, 0.36 ⁇ 1.08km/h, the passing rate is about 10 ⁇ 30 vehicles, and the detection efficiency is relatively low. It is suitable for places where security inspection is particularly strict and traffic is not too crowded.
  • the low-cost, light-weight radiation source device 100 as described above is employed, the overall cost of the vehicle safety detecting system 500' is greatly reduced, which is advantageous for popularization.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统。屏蔽室包括：屏蔽本体，具有容纳射线源的腔室以及与腔室连通的开口，屏蔽本体靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度且避开开口，使得射线源位于腔室内的第一位置时对准开口，并通过开口向外辐射射线，射线源位于腔室内的第二位置时不能通过开口向外辐射射线；其中，经过第一位置与第二位置的水平面将屏蔽本体划分为第一屏蔽部和第二屏蔽部，且第二屏蔽部靠近地面，第一屏蔽部除开口以外的部分在任一竖直平面内的截面面积大于第二屏蔽部在相应的竖直平面内的截面面积。该屏蔽室的屏蔽材料用量少，重量轻，满足屏蔽效果的同时极大地降低了成本。

Description

屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2018年05月08日提交的名称为“屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统”的中国专利申请201810433927.2的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及安全检测技术领域，特别是涉及一种屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统。
背景技术
辐射成像技术因其图像清晰、能够快速发现违禁品而逐渐应用于车辆安全检测系统中，既减轻了检测人员的劳动强度，也提高了检测效率。
射线源装置是车辆检查系统的关键设备，其射线源被安置在厚重的屏蔽本体中，屏蔽本体一般采用较贵重的高密度合金材料制成，高密度材料的用量直接影响着射线源装置的成本，进而直接影响着车辆安全检测系统的图像质量和运行性能，并且运营维护成本也颇为可观。因此，如何在不影响屏蔽本体的屏蔽效果的前提下减少高密度合金材料的用量成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请的一个目的是提供一种屏蔽室及射线源装置，其重量轻、成本低廉，且屏蔽效果良好。
本申请的另一个目的是提供一种车辆安全检测系统，其检测图像清晰、检测效率高。
第一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种屏蔽室，其包括：屏蔽本体，具有容纳射线源的腔室以及与腔室连通的开口，屏蔽本体靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度且避开开口，使得射线源位于腔室内的第一位置时对准开口，并通过开口向外辐射射线，射线源位于腔室内的第二位置时不能通过开口向外辐射射线；其中，经过第一位置与第二位置的水平面将屏蔽本体划分为第一屏蔽部和第二屏蔽部，且第二屏蔽部靠近地面，第一屏蔽部除开口以外的部分在任一竖直平面内的截面面积大于第二屏蔽部在相应的竖直平面内的截面面积。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提出了一种射线源装置，其包括：射线源，用于辐射射线；如前所述的屏蔽本体，射线源可运动地容纳于屏蔽本体的腔室内，其中，当射线源运动到腔室的第一位置时，射线能够通过屏蔽本体的开口向外辐射；当射线源运动到腔室的第二位置时，射线不能通过屏蔽本体的开口向外辐射。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提出了一种车辆安全检测系统，其包括：如前所述的射线源装置；和探测器装置，与射线源装置对应设置以形成检测区域，以使待检测车辆通过检测区域进行安全检查。
本申请提供的屏蔽室，通过将屏蔽本体的结构简化，使得高密度合金屏蔽材料的用量减少了将近一半，在满足屏蔽效果的同时极大地降低了射线源装置的成本。本申请实施例提供的车辆安全检测系统，采用如前所述的射线源装置，得到的仰视检测图像清晰可靠，并且降低了车辆安全检测系统的整体成本。
附图说明
为更好地理解本申请，下面结合附图描述本申请的具体实施方式。以下对本申请实施例的详细描述不是对本申请的限制。通过阅读，本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。其中，相同或相似的附图标记表示相同或相似的特征。
图1是本申请实施例提供的第一种屏蔽室的透视结构图；
图2是图1所示的屏蔽室的主视图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的第二种屏蔽室的透视结构图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的第三种屏蔽室的主视图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的第四种屏蔽室的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的第五种屏蔽室的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的第六种屏蔽室的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种射线源装置的透视结构图；
图9是图8所示的射线源装置放置于地面以下的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的屏蔽室的开口作为准直器时射线源的射线辐射示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种射线源装置的结构示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种车辆安全检测系统的结构示意图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的另一种车辆安全检测系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。下面的详细描述中公开了许多具体细节，以便全面理解本申请。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说，很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。本申请决不限于下面所提出的任何具体配置和算法，而是在不脱离本申请的精神的前提下覆盖了元素、部件和算法的任何修改、替换和改进。在附图和下面的描述中，没有示出公知的结构和技术，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图13对本申请实施例的屏蔽室、射线源装置及车辆安全检测系统进行详细描述。
参阅图1，本申请实施例提供了一种屏蔽室10，包括屏蔽本体1。
屏蔽本体1具有容纳射线源的腔室11以及与腔室11连通的开口12，屏蔽本体1靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度且避开开口12，使得射线源位于腔室11内的第一位置a时对准开口12，并通过开口12向外 辐射射线，射线源位于腔室11内的第二位置b时不能通过开口12向外辐射射线。
其中，经过第一位置a与第二位置b的水平面将屏蔽本体1划分为第一屏蔽部1a和第二屏蔽部1b，且第二屏蔽部1b靠近地面，第一屏蔽部1a除开口12以外的部分在任一竖直平面内的截面面积大于第二屏蔽部1b在相应的竖直平面内的截面面积。第一屏蔽部1a用于屏蔽射线源的上半球辐射区域，而射线源的下半球辐射区域主要依靠第二屏蔽部1b和土地一并屏蔽，从而防止腔室11内的射线源辐射的射线从除开口12之外的其它部分泄露。
由于屏蔽本体1既要有良好的屏蔽性能、机械性能和热力学性能，还要耐受各种气候，故一般采用较贵重的高密度钨合金材料制成，例如但不限于，钨镍铁高密度合金，其通过混料、压制、冷等静压成形、烧结后的合金密度为180.2g/cm 3，抗拉强度约为800Mpa，硬度为HRC24-30。因此，第二屏蔽部1b的结构尺寸在满足基本的机械性能的前提下可以尽量做到最小，例如，第二屏蔽部1b仅需要能够承受腔室11内的射线源及驱动射线源在腔室11内往复运动的驱动装置的重力等，使得射线源的下半球辐射区域主要依靠地面或者预设深度的土地来屏蔽，从而降低了屏蔽室10的材料成本和重量。
本申请实施例提供的屏蔽室10，将屏蔽本体1靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度，相对于现有技术中完全依靠贵重的屏蔽材料来屏蔽射线源的整个辐射区域的屏蔽室结构来说，高密度钨合金屏蔽材料的用量减少了将近一半，在满足屏蔽效果的同时极大地降低了屏蔽室10的成本和重量。
下面结合附图详细描述屏蔽室10的具体结构。
根据本申请的一个实施例，屏蔽本体1的第一屏蔽部1a为由母线G绕经过第一位置a与第二位置b的水平轴线L旋转预定角度后形成的回转体，并且该回转体相对于经过第一位置a与第二位置b的竖直平面对称设置。预定角度可以为120°～180°，屏蔽本体1埋设于地面以下预定深度越深，该预定角度越小，当屏蔽本体1靠近地面放置时，该预定角度达到 最大值，即接近180°，根据具体的使用场合而定。本申请实施例以该预定角度为180°为例进行说明。
参阅图2，屏蔽本体1的第一屏蔽部1a的母线G可以为沿水平方向依次连接的1/4圆弧、直线和1/4圆弧，腔室11的第一位置a与其中一个1/4圆弧回转形成的弧形球体的球心重合，第二位置b与另一个1/4圆弧回转形成的弧形球体的球心重合。
第二屏蔽部1b可以为与第一屏蔽部1a一体成型的矩形结构体，第二屏蔽部1b的高度在满足基本的机械性能的前提下可以尽量做到最低。由此得到的屏蔽本体1的开口12与腔室11连通且与第一位置a对准，以使射线源位于第一位置a时其辐射的射线通过开口12向外辐射，射线源位于第二位置b时其辐射的射线偏离开口12而不能通过开口12向外辐射。
实际工程中，为了便于加工屏蔽本体1，可以将屏蔽本体1分段加工，例如以母线1a上的一段1/4圆弧、一段直线和另一段1/4圆弧为分界点，将屏蔽本体1分为三部分，各部分分别通过粉末冶金烧结而成后，再通过螺栓紧固等方式组装为一体。
参阅图3，作为一种可选的实施方式，屏蔽本体1的第一屏蔽部1a的母线G还可以为长轴位于水平轴线L上的1/2椭圆，其中，以1/2椭圆的中心为圆点，将1/2椭圆的长轴长度三等分后，其中两侧的等分点可以分别为腔室11的第一位置a和第二位置b。由此得到的屏蔽本体1的开口12与腔室11连通且与第一位置a对准，以使射线源位于第一位置a时其辐射的射线通过开口12向外辐射，射线源位于第二位置b时其辐射的射线偏离开口12而不能通过开口12向外辐射。与图2中的实施例类似，第二屏蔽部1b可以为与第一屏蔽部1a一体成型的矩形结构体，矩形结构体的高度在满足基本的机械性能的前提下可以尽量做到最低。需要说明的是，腔室11的第一位置a和第二位置b不限于本实施例所述的位置，只要满足在第一位置a能够通过开口12向外辐射射线、在第二位置b不能通过开口12向外辐射射线即可。
当然，上述屏蔽本体1的结构并不限于图2和图3所示的结构，例如屏蔽本体1的第一屏蔽部1a还可以为依次连接的1/4圆弧和直线旋转 180°后形成的回转体，只要其厚度能够满足屏蔽需求即可。
请再次参阅图2和图3，腔室11设置为中心轴线经过第一位置a和第二位置b的圆柱形槽，并且圆柱形槽的内周面上设置有与开口12连通的第一透孔11a，以使射线源位于第一位置a时通过第一透孔11a和开口12向外辐射射线。圆柱形槽还用于容纳带动射线源在第一位置a和第二位置b之间往复直线运动的屏蔽杆。
参阅图4，作为一种可选的实施方式，腔室11包括在竖直方向相继设置的通孔11’b和盲孔11’c，盲孔11’c的直径大于通孔11’b的直径，并且盲孔11’c与通孔11’b之间的台阶面上设置有与开口12连通的第二透孔11’a，第一位置a和第二位置b位于盲孔11’c内，以使射线源位于第一位置a时通过第二透孔11’a和开口12向外辐射射线。盲孔11’c用于容纳带动射线源在第一位置a和第二位置b之间往复旋转运动的转盘，通孔11’b用于容纳与该转盘一体成型的屏蔽轴。为了便于安装转盘，可以在第二屏蔽部1b的底部开设一通孔，并通过可拆卸的盖板盖合于该通孔。
进一步地，屏蔽本体1上设置的开口12可以根据实际照射需要选择开设为圆形孔或者呈狭缝状开口。屏蔽本体1因其本身具有足够厚度，还可以使用开口12作为射线源装置的准直器，用于引出检测射线并对检测射线进行形状和大小的约束，使射线被准直成以射线源为顶点的、能够涉及到整个检测物体的较大的扇形面积。这样不仅能够保证射线源提供的射线不重复、不漏空并且无死角，又能使检测射线与对应的探测器严格对准，提高检测效率以及呈现的检测图像质量，从而能够更准确地对待测物体进行检测。
优选地，开口为准直器且呈狭缝状，以使射线源通过开口12辐射的射线呈扇形扫描面，其在屏蔽本体1上可最大化地选择开设角度，使得射线源装置在保证良好的屏蔽效果的同时可具有较大的张角，即呈现较宽的辐射面积。
参阅图5，屏蔽本体1进一步包括可动部13，可动部13通过在屏蔽本体1的主体部分上切割形成，可动部13能够沿远离或者靠近屏蔽本体1的方向运动，以形成开口12或者关闭开口12。该可动部13可以例如在屏 蔽本体1的水平方向切割而成的弧形球体。
进一步地，可动部13可以与驱动机构连接，由驱动机构驱动可动部13进行直线往复运动以靠近或者远离屏蔽本体1的主体部分。可动部13向远离屏蔽本体1的主体方向移动一预设距离后，可以形成狭缝状开口12，从而可以根据辐射剂量的需要调整开口12的宽度。当射线源装置出现故障时，由驱动机构驱动可动部13向靠近屏蔽本体1的主体部分运动，从而及时将可动部13复位，关闭屏蔽本体1的开口12，防止出现射线泄漏事故而威胁人身安全，增加了射线源装置的安全性与可靠性。驱动机构可以为气缸、液压缸、电动推杆、齿轮齿条传动机构等能够驱动可动部13进行直线运动的机构，不再赘述。
参阅图6，作为一种可选的实施方式，可动部13还可以在屏蔽本体1的竖直平面内切割为扇形形状(图中未示出)，使得可动部13可贴合其倾斜切割面沿斜面方面被提升或者下放，具体根据辐射面的辐射需求而定。
参阅图7，作为一种可选的实施方式，本申请实施例提供的屏蔽室10进一步包括基座2，基座2具有容纳腔2a，屏蔽本体1可拆卸地放置于容纳腔2a内，以使屏蔽本体1与基座2一并靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度且避开开口12。
具体来说，容纳腔2a的侧壁上设置有安装槽2b，安装槽2b在竖直平面内的截面呈阶梯型，屏蔽本体1对应的位置设置有固定耳1c，固定耳1c从安装槽2b的阶梯型槽内嵌入并卡住。需要说明的是，屏蔽本体1与基座2的固定方式并不限于此卡接方式，还可以通过螺钉紧固等方式连接为一体。
基座2可以由不锈钢制或者钢筋混凝土制成，具备一定的屏蔽功能，便于将基座2与屏蔽本体1组成的屏蔽室10移动至任意需要的场合。由于基座2可以采用相对廉价和重量轻的材料来制作，从而使屏蔽室10在满足屏蔽效果的同时极大地降低了成本，减轻了重量，并且便于移动。
参阅图8，本申请实施例还提供了一种射线源装置100，其包括如前所述的任一种屏蔽室10和射线源20。
射线源20用于辐射射线。射线源20可运动地容纳于屏蔽本体1的腔室11内。射线源装置100整体上可以靠近地面G放置或者放置于地面G以下预定深度处。射线源20可以配合检测设备中布置的探测器装置S以及其他图像采集装置等对检测物体进行安全检测。
根据本申请的实施例，射线源20采用同位素放射源，具体地，例如可以为：60Co、137Cs、192Ir、75Se，优选采用60Co，其能量高，可配合开口12提供的较大张角以形成较强的扇形扫描面，对待测物体进行更为精准的扫描检测，特别适合长时间对车辆进行快速检测使用。
当射线源20运动到腔室11的第一位置a时，射线能够通过屏蔽本体1的开口12向外辐射；当射线源20运动到腔室11的第二位置b时，射线不能通过屏蔽本体1的开口12向外辐射。由于射线源20采用同位素放射源，体积小、质量轻、快门的开启速度快，相对于以往射线源装置中通过在装置外部设置单独的快门开启或者关闭结构，可以有效提高快门的开启和关闭速度，同时避免以往的快门开启或者关闭结构给装置本身带来的冲击力，从而延长射线源装置的使用寿命。
请一并参阅图9和图10，屏蔽本体10放置于地面G以下，屏蔽本体10的开口12作为准直器使用，射线源20发出的射线经准直器12准直后会在探测器装置S上形成全影区A和半影区B，其中全影区A的射线强度均匀，是全强度射线，而半影区B的射线强度不均匀，且越靠近边缘越低，是部分强度的射线，因此，应尽可能地减小半影区B。开口12的长度L与宽度W的比值为准直比，准直比越大，半影区B越小。如前所述，开口12的宽度W可以根据辐射剂量的需要调整，即可以减小准直器的宽度，或者也可以调整屏蔽本体10放置于地面G以下的深度，即可以增大开口12的长度L，使准直比变大，从而在获得足够的全影区A的同时，使半影区B尽可能地减小。
进一步地，射线源装置100还包括传动机构30，传动机构30与射线源20连接，以带动射线源20在腔室11的第一位置a与第二位置b之间往复运动。当然，根据需要可以使射线源20持续处于第一位置a处对待检测物体进行持续扫描，或者通过传动机构30带动射线源20周期性地在第一 位置a和第二位置b之间运动切换，对待检测物体进行间隔地扫描。
如图8所示，当屏蔽室10的腔室11设置为经过第一位置a和第二位置b的圆柱形槽时，传动机构30可以为直线驱动机构，直线驱动机构通过屏蔽杆21(图中未示出)驱动射线源20沿圆柱形通孔进行往复直线运动。直线驱动机构可以为气缸、液压缸、电磁铁、电动推杆、齿轮齿条机构等。为保证射线源在往复直线运动中的平稳性以及安全性，射线源20通过屏蔽杆21可移动地安装于腔室11中，为防止射线从通孔中泄漏，屏蔽杆21采用屏蔽材料制成。示例性地，通过在射线源20的两端设置凹接部与屏蔽杆21的凸接部配合连接，当然射线源20还可以通过其他连接方式与屏蔽杆21配合。
参阅图11，当屏蔽室10的腔室11为如图4或图6所述的结构时，传动机构30还可以为转动驱动机构，腔室11包括在竖直方向相继设置的通孔11’b和盲孔11’c，盲孔11’c容纳的转盘21’带动射线源在第一位置a和第二位置b之间往复旋转运动，通孔11’b容纳的屏蔽轴22’与该转盘21’一体成型。转动驱动机构包括旋转电机或者旋转电机连接减速器，其输出轴与屏蔽轴22’同轴连接，射线源20安装于转盘远离圆心的一端且能够嵌入盲孔11’c内，当旋转电机驱动转盘以带动射线源20转动到对应第二透孔11’a的第一位置a时，射线源20通过开口12向外辐射射线，转动到第二位置b时，不能通过开口12向外辐射射线。为避免射线发生泄漏，转盘21’与屏蔽轴22’均采用屏蔽材料制成。当然，该转动驱动机构不限于此，只要能够实现驱动射线源20进行转动即可。
本申请实施例提供的射线源装置100，重量轻、成本低廉，可以应用于多种类型的安全检测设备，用于根据需要向待检测物体(示例性地，例如车辆或者集装箱)辐射检测射线，配合检测腔室中布置的探测器装置以及其他图像采集装置等对检测物体进行检测。
另外，本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆安全检测系统，其包括如前所述的任一种射线源装置100和探测器装置200。
探测器装置200与所述射线源100装置对应设置以形成检测区域，以使待检测车辆V通过所述检测区域进行安全检查。探测器装置200包括门 式框架210和位于门式框架210上的多个阵列探测器220，探测器220可以采用气体电离探测器、闪烁体探测器或半导体探测器。门式框架210对应于射线源装置100设置，以使多个阵列探测器220与射线源装置100之间能够形成检测区域。
射线源装置100辐射的检测射线呈扇形平面分布，且射线源装置100能够提供至少具有90度至180度扫描范围的检测射线。由于射线源装置100具有更大的张角，因此，将射线源装置100放置于地面或者地面以下检测车辆时，使射线源装置100相对于待检测车辆的底盘部分及其内部物品的距离更近，车轮图像相当于侧视图像并且无重叠，得到的仰视检测图像更加延展，方便检测人员对检测图像的辨识与分析，相对于将探测器装置200设置于地面、射线源装置100设置于相对的顶部而得到的俯视检测图像来说，在检测图像的清晰度、结构整体的重量和安装使用的方便程度上越来越具有优势。
如前所述，射线源装置100的快门开启速度快，且开口12的宽度可调，使得射线源20的辐射剂量和辐射张角可以控制。根据射线源装置100的辐射剂量的不同，车辆安全检测系统可以有几种不同的形式。
参阅图12，示例性地，本申请实施例提供了一种直通式车辆快速安全检测系统500，射线源装置100的屏蔽本体10放置于地面G以下预定距离处。
当车辆快速安全检测系统500检测车辆时，车辆无需停靠，车上的驾驶员和乘员无需下车，车辆以一定速度直接通过检测腔室，获得包括驾驶员和乘员在内的全车辐射扫描图像。该系统在保证车上人员辐射安全的前提下，大大提高了车辆的检测效率和通过率，且图像质量满足检测要求。该系统被检车辆通过检测腔室的速度一般为例如6～20km/h，速度低于6km/h时，车上人员所受的辐射剂量会高于有关人体安检关于辐射剂量的限值标准，速度高于20km/h时，图像质量差，不能满足检测要求。以该速度进行检测时，车辆通过率可达500辆车/h，可满足繁忙的公路安检卡口、海关通关腔室等的车辆通行率要求，不会造成交通拥堵。
如前所述，射线源装置100中的屏蔽室10可以单独放置于地面G以 下，其开口12可以作为大准直比的准直器，将扇形射线束准直成片状扇形束，使其半影区宽度尽可能小，同时使其全影区宽度与探测器装置200的射线入射窗宽度相匹配，既满足了尽可能利用全影区的有用射线用于扫描成像，提高辐射成像的图像质量，又尽可能减少了半影区的无用射线照射人体，同时减少散射射线照射人体，从而尽可能降低车上人员在检测过程中受到的辐射剂量，为人车同检提供了技术保障。
为了尽可能减小半影区，进一步降低人体的辐射剂量，开口12的准直比可以为100～200，阵列探测器220的入射窗宽度可以为5-30mm。利用准直器将射线源20发出的射线准直成对应每个探测器220的全影区宽度都与该探测器220的射线入射窗宽度相同或略宽。采用门式框架210的结构为射线源20、开口12、阵列探测器220相对位置的稳定性提供了保障。
在对射线源20进行严格准直的基础上，限定射线源20的活度，例如为0.8～8居里，则可进一步降低辐射剂量，保证了被检车辆中驾驶人员的辐射安全。
本申请实施例提供的直通式车辆快速安全检测系统500，由于采用了如前所述的成本低廉、重量较轻的射线源装置100，使得直通式车辆快速安全检测系统11的整体成本也大为降低。同时，在驾驶员驾驶车辆进入检测通道时，可以快速控制快门开启，在对除驾驶室外的车体以及携带物品进行快速照射后，即可使车辆驶离检测通道，简化车辆安全检测设备的结构，提高了检测效率。
参阅图13，示例性地，本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆安全检测系统500’，其与前述直通式车辆快速安全检测系统500的结构类似，不同之处在于，还包括设置于射线源装置100两侧的车辆输送装置110，并且射线源装置100的辐射剂量较高，检测图像更为清晰。
本申请实施例提供的车辆安全检测系统500’工作时，车上人员需下车从检测通道外经过，待检测车辆V由车辆输送装置110拖过检测通道，检测速度一般为6～18m/min，即0.36～1.08km/h，通过率约10～30辆车，检测效率相对较低，适用于安检特别严格且交通不太拥挤的场所。另外， 由于采用了如前所述的成本低廉、重量较轻的射线源装置100，使得车辆安全检测系统500’的整体成本也大为降低，有利于推广使用。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述实施例均是示例性的而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合，以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上，应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中，术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤；不定冠词“一个”不排除多个；术语“第一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种屏蔽室，其中，包括：
    屏蔽本体，具有容纳射线源的腔室以及与所述腔室连通的开口，所述屏蔽本体靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度且避开所述开口，使得所述射线源位于所述腔室内的第一位置时对准所述开口，并通过所述开口向外辐射射线，所述射线源位于所述腔室内的第二位置时不能通过所述开口向外辐射射线；
    其中，经过所述第一位置与所述第二位置的水平面将所述屏蔽本体划分为第一屏蔽部和第二屏蔽部，且所述第二屏蔽部靠近地面，所述第一屏蔽部除所述开口以外的部分在任一竖直平面内的截面面积大于所述第二屏蔽部在相应的所述竖直平面内的截面面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述第一屏蔽部为由母线绕经过所述第一位置与所述第二位置的水平轴线旋转预定角度后形成的回转体，并且所述回转体相对于经过所述第一位置与所述第二位置的竖直平面对称设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述母线为沿水平方向依次连接的1/4圆弧、直线和1/4圆弧，所述腔室的所述第一位置与其中一个所述1/4圆弧回转形成的弧形球体的球心重合，所述第二位置与另一个所述1/4圆弧回转形成的弧形球体的球心重合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述腔室设置为中心轴线经过所述第一位置和所述第二位置的圆柱形槽，并且所述圆柱形槽的内周面上设置有与所述开口连通的第一透孔，以使所述射线源位于所述第一位置时通过所述第一透孔和所述开口向外辐射射线。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述腔室包括在竖直方向相继设置的通孔和盲孔，所述盲孔的直径大于所述通孔的直径，并且所述盲孔与所述通孔之间的台阶面上设置有与所述开口连通的第二透孔，所述第一位置和所述第二位置位于所述盲孔内，以使所述射线源位于所述第一 位置时通过所述第二透孔和所述开口向外辐射射线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述屏蔽本体进一步包括可动部，所述可动部通过在所述屏蔽本体的主体部分上切割形成，所述可动部能够沿远离或者靠近所述屏蔽本体的方向运动，以形成所述开口或者关闭所述开口。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述开口为准直器且呈狭缝状，以使所述射线源通过所述开口辐射的射线呈扇形扫描面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽室，其中，所述屏蔽室进一步包括基座，所述基座具有容纳腔，所述屏蔽本体可拆卸地放置于所述容纳腔内，以使所述屏蔽本体与所述基座一并靠近地面放置或者埋设于地面以下预定深度且避开所述开口。
  9. 一种射线源装置，其中，包括：
    射线源，用于辐射射线；
    如权利要求1至8任一项所述的屏蔽室，所述射线源可运动地容纳于所述屏蔽本体的所述腔室内，
    其中，当所述射线源运动到所述腔室的所述第一位置时，所述射线能够通过所述屏蔽本体的所述开口向外辐射；当所述射线源运动到所述腔室的所述第二位置时，所述射线不能通过所述屏蔽本体的所述开口向外辐射。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的射线源装置，其中，所述射线源为同位素60Co、137Cs、192Ir、75Se中的其中一种。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的射线源装置，其中，所述射线源装置还包括传动机构，所述传动机构与所述射线源连接，以带动所述射线源在所述腔室的所述第一位置与所述第二位置之间往复运动。
  12. 一种车辆安全检测系统，其中，所述车辆安全检测系统包括：
    如权利要求9至11任一项所述的射线源装置；和
    探测器装置，与所述射线源装置对应设置以形成检测区域，以使待检测车辆通过所述检测区域进行安全检查。
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