WO2019211069A1

WO2019211069A1 - Air conditioning device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a utility vehicle, method for operating an air conditioning device of this kind, and motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2019211069A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/059160
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jose Luis CALATAYUD; Thomas Frey; Michael Hafner
Original assignee: Daimler Ag
Priority date: 2018-04-30
Filing date: 2019-04-10
Publication date: 2019-11-07
Also published as: EP3787915A1; DE102018003530A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an air conditioning device (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising: a refrigerant circuit (12) through which a refrigerant can flow; at least one exterior heat exchanger (20) arranged in the refrigerant circuit (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and ambient air; an interior heat exchanger (24) arranged in the refrigerant circuit (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and air to be supplied to the interior of the motor vehicle; a coolant heat exchanger (28) arranged in the refrigerant circuit (12) and in a coolant circuit (26) through which a coolant can flow, for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the coolant; a conveying device (14) arranged in the refrigerant circuit (12) for conveying the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit (12); and a valve device (18) by means of which at least one flow of the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit (12) can be influenced.

Description

Air conditioning device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a commercial vehicle, and method for operating such an air conditioning device and

motor vehicle

The invention relates to an air conditioning device for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating such an air conditioning device and a motor vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle.

Such an air conditioning device for a motor vehicle can already be seen, for example, from EP 2 660 086 A1 as known. The air-conditioning device has a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant can flow, as well as at least one arranged in the refrigerant circuit and consequently by the refrigerant

permeable outdoor heat exchanger, via which a heat exchange between the refrigerant and ambient air can take place. The ambient air is air, which is located in the vicinity of the motor vehicle and, for example, the

Outdoor heat exchanger on or flows around. The air conditioning device further comprises an arranged in the refrigerant circuit and consequently can be flowed through by the refrigerant inside heat exchanger, via which a

Heat exchange between the refrigerant and the interior of the motor vehicle to be supplied air can be done. The air to be supplied to the interior can be tempered by means of the internal heat exchanger, so that by means of the

Interior heat exchanger tempered air is supplied to the interior or flows into the interior, the interior can be tempered.

The air-conditioning device furthermore has a coolant heat exchanger arranged in the refrigerant circuit, which is also arranged in a coolant circuit through which a coolant can flow. Consequently, the Coolant heat exchanger of the refrigerant and of the example formed as a liquid coolant flowed through. A heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant can take place via the coolant heat exchanger. In addition, the air conditioning device has a arranged in the refrigerant circuit

Conveyor, by means of which the refrigerant can be promoted by the refrigerant circuit or is promoted. In addition, the includes

Air conditioning device a valve device, by means of which at least one

Flow of the refrigerant can be influenced by the refrigerant circuit.

In addition, DE 10 2014 203 895 A1 discloses a switchable

Heat exchanger for a refrigeration system. In this case, separate heating pipes and cooling pipes are integrated in a single housing such that heat is transferred between the heating pipes and the cooling pipes.

Object of the present invention is to further develop an air conditioning device, a method and a motor vehicle of the type mentioned in such a way that a particularly advantageous and cost-effective manner, a particularly advantageous operation of the air conditioning device can be realized.

This object is achieved by an air conditioning device having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments with appropriate

Further developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

To an air conditioning device in the preamble of claim 1

specified type such that a particularly advantageous operation of the air conditioning device can be realized in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, it is provided according to the invention that the valve device is switchable at least between a cooling mode and a heating mode. The cooling mode and the heating mode are operating modes of the air conditioning device, wherein in the

Operating modes, for example, the conveyor designed as a pump is active or in operation, so that the conveyor promotes the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit. In other words, for example, in the respective operating mode, the refrigerant is conveyed by the conveyor through the refrigerant circuit. In the cooling mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor through the outdoor heat exchanger, whereupon, for example, the refrigerant, in particular its flow, divides into a first part of the refrigerant and into a second part of the refrigerant. After the refrigerant and thus both the first part and the second part have flowed through the outdoor heat exchanger, the first part of the refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger, which operates in the cooling mode as an evaporator. Thus, the first part of the refrigerant is evaporated by means of the inner heat exchanger. After the refrigerant and thus the first part and the second part have flowed through the outdoor heat exchanger, the second part of the refrigerant flows through the working as an evaporator coolant heat exchanger, by means of which the second part is evaporated. Preferably, a flow of the first part is omitted by the coolant heat exchanger, and a flow of the second part through the

Internal heat exchanger is omitted. After the first part has passed through the inner heat exchanger and the second part through the coolant heat exchanger, the parts combine, whereupon the parts or the refrigerant to and through the

Conveyor flow or flows. In the cooling mode, the refrigerant undergoes cooling by means of the outdoor heat exchanger. In other words, in the cooling mode, the refrigerant is cooled by means of the outdoor heat exchanger by heat transfer from the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger via the outdoor heat exchanger to the ambient air. The ambient air is air, which is in the environment of the outdoor heat exchanger, in particular the

Motor vehicle, located and the outdoor heat exchanger, for example, on and / or flows around. By means of the internal heat exchanger, the refrigerant undergoes heating in the cooling mode. In other words, in the cooling mode by means of the

Heat exchanger of the first part of the refrigerant heated by a heat transfer from the air to be supplied to the interior and also referred to as air conditioning air via the inner heat exchanger to the inner heat exchanger flowing through the first part. As a result, the air conditioning air is cooled, whereupon, for example, the cooled air conditioning air is supplied to the interior, in particular such that the air conditioning air is introduced into the interior or that the air conditioning air flows into the interior. This allows the interior to be cooled.

In the cooling mode, the refrigerant, in particular the second part, undergoes further heating. In other words, in the cooling mode, the second part of the refrigerant is heated by means of the refrigerant heat exchanger, for example by a

Heat transfer from the refrigerant flowing through the coolant heat exchanger via the coolant heat exchanger to the coolant heat exchanger

flowing through the second part takes place. As a result, the coolant is cooled, and the refrigerant or the second part is heated. Further, it is preferably provided that in the cooling mode, an operation of the outdoor heat exchanger as Evaporator is omitted. In the cooling mode, the outdoor heat exchanger operates as a cooler, by means of which the refrigerant is to be cooled or cooled in the cooling mode. In particular, it is conceivable that in the cooling mode of

External heat exchanger operates as a condenser, by means of which the refrigerant is to be condensed or is condensed, in particular, when as the refrigerant, a conventional or conventional refrigerant is used. For example, when used as the refrigerant C0 ₂ (carbon dioxide), the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the cooling mode, for example, as a gas cooler in transcritical operation and as a condenser in subcritical operation, by means of which the refrigerant formed as carbon dioxide is to be cooled or cooled.

The conveyor is in the cooling mode during operation or active and promotes the refrigerant in the cooling mode through the refrigerant circuit. In particular, for example, the conveyor operates in the cooling mode as a compressor or compressor, by means of which in the cooling mode, the refrigerant is to be compressed or compressed.

In the heating mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor through the

Then, through the heat exchanger, then through the outdoor heat exchanger, which operates in the heating mode as an evaporator, and then to and through the conveyor. Since the outdoor heat exchanger operates as an evaporator in the heating mode, in the heating mode, the refrigerant is discharged by means of the

External heat exchanger evaporates. Preferably, it is provided that in the

Heating mode operation of the indoor heat exchanger as evaporator is omitted.

Preferably, the conveyor in the heating mode is active or in operation, so that in the heating mode, the refrigerant is conveyed by the conveyor through the refrigerant circuit. In particular, the conveyor operates in the heating mode as a compressor or compressor, by means of which the refrigerant is to be compressed in the heating mode or is compressed.

In the heating mode, the refrigerant undergoes cooling by means of the coolant heat exchanger, in particular in that a heat transfer from the

Coolant heat exchanger flowing through the refrigerant via the

Coolant heat exchanger to the coolant heat exchanger flowing through

Coolant takes place. Further, in the heating mode, the refrigerant undergoes cooling by means of the indoor heat exchanger, so that in the heating mode, the refrigerant is cooled by the indoor heat exchanger. This is done in particular such that in the Heating mode, a heat transfer from the refrigerant flowing through the inner heat exchanger via the inner heat exchanger to the air conditioning air. As a result, the air conditioning air is heated, and the refrigerant is cooled. As a result, the heated air conditioning air is supplied, for example, the interior, that is, introduced into the interior, so that the heated air conditioning air flows into the interior. As a result, the interior can be heated by means of the heated air conditioning air. For example, the air conditioning air flows through the indoor heat exchanger in the cooling mode and the heating mode. In the heating mode learn the

Refrigerant means of the outdoor heat exchanger, which operates in the heating mode as an evaporator and thus evaporates the refrigerant, a further heating, in particular such that via the outdoor heat exchanger, a heat transfer from the ambient air to the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger.

For example, in the heating mode, the indoor heat exchanger operates as a cooler by means of which the refrigerant is cooled in the heating mode. In particular, the

Indoor heat exchanger in the heating mode work as a condenser, by means of which in the heating mode, the refrigerant is to be condensed or condensed, in particular, when the refrigerant is a conventional refrigerant. If the refrigerant is, for example, carbon dioxide, the internal heat exchanger in the heating mode operates, for example, as a gas cooler in transcritical operation and as a condenser in subcritical operation, by means of which the carbon dioxide is to be cooled

or is cooled.

The air conditioning device according to the invention operates, for example, at least in the heating mode as a heat pump or as heat pump heating, by means of which heat from the ambient air is used to heat the air conditioning air and thus the interior. In addition, the heat pump uses heat from the preferably warm coolant to heat the interior. As a result, the interior can be heated particularly effectively and energy-efficiently.

For example, in the cooling mode, the air conditioning device operates as

Refrigerating machine, in particular as a compression refrigerating machine, by means of which the air conditioning air and thus the interior can be cooled effectively and efficiently. Since arranged in the coolant circuit coolant heat exchanger in the

Integrated refrigerant circuit and used in both the cooling mode and in the heating mode to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the coolant, a particularly energy-efficient operation of the invention Air conditioning device can be realized in both the cooling mode and in the heating mode. The air conditioning device according to the invention is thus particularly advantageous for use in a hybrid or electric vehicle. As a result of the air conditioning device, the interior of energy-efficient air conditioning

or tempered, that is, can be cooled and heated, for example, a particularly high electrical range can be represented over which the motor vehicle can be electrically powered. The invention is based in particular on the following knowledge: hybrid and in particular

Electric vehicles can be heated much more efficiently in the winter by means of heat pumps than by other electric heating elements, since the degree of efficiency of

Heat pumps are usually greater than one. As a result, for a purely electrical and thus emission-free operation of the respective motor vehicle, the range over which the respective motor vehicle can be driven purely electrically, considerably increased.

However, today's air-to-air heat pumps, by means of which the interior can be heated efficiently, usually positioned on the vehicle roof and are used not only in the winter to heat the interior but also in the summer for cooling the designated as the passenger compartment interior.

Based on the air conditioning device according to the invention is thus the cooling mode, for example, a summer operation to cool the interior in the summer and thus at high ambient or outside temperatures. The heating mode is thus, for example, a winter operation in the winter and thus at low

Outdoor temperatures to heat the interior. The same heat exchangers can be used for summer and winter operation, although the required power in winter is much higher than in summer. However, by simply applying heat via the vehicle roof, it is usually not possible to realize the thermal coating required for the well-being, thereby, for example, warm feet and a head of a respective cooler that is cooler in the interior

stopping passengers or people. Part of the energy is therefore usually generated by more inefficient heat sources and brought into the interior via a water cycle and / or floor heaters.

Usually, for dehumidifying the air conditioning air another

Water heat exchanger on or in the vehicle roof needed because the

Air conditioner or heat pump for dehumidification works in the air conditioning mode, and the air must be reheated by a further heat source, before it enters the interior. Dehumidification is therefore special

energy-intensive.

In the air conditioning device according to the invention, it is now provided to use the same heat exchanger in the form of the outdoor heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger both for winter operation and for summer operation, being switched by the valve means and by appropriate lines and connecting elements between the heating mode and the cooling mode be able to use the same heat exchanger to cool the interior optionally energy efficient and heat energy efficient. In the heating mode, the air conditioning device according to the invention operates in particular as an air-to-air heat pump, as contained in the ambient air heat is transferred by the intermediary of the refrigerant to the air conditioning air to these and thus the

To heat the interior in an energy-efficient way. Due to the simple and thus cost, space and weight switchability of the valve device between the heating mode and the cooling mode, the heating mode and the cooling mode in space, weight and cost can be realized, both in the cooling mode and in the heating mode of the coolant heat exchanger to perform a

Heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant is used. As a result, a particularly efficient operation of the air conditioning device can be represented.

The coolant may, for example, for cooling a drive component of the

Motor vehicle can be used. Alternatively or additionally, the coolant can be used for at least one other purpose, for example for the air conditioning of the driving workstation by means of a coolant-air heat exchanger. Alternatively or additionally, the coolant can be heated by means of the coolant heat exchanger. The heated coolant can then be used as a heat source for heating the batteries or for heating the driving workstation and / or as a floor heating and / or for heating, in particular reheating of air, in particular in a reheat operation of a rooftop system.

Preferably, the coolant is a liquid which has at least water. As a result, a particularly efficient operation can be represented. Alternatively or additionally, the integration of a further heat exchanger on a high-pressure side, in particular on a high-pressure refrigerant side, of the refrigerant circuit is conceivable, in particular with connection to the water circuit also called

Coolant circuit. In particular, the following advantages can be realized by the invention:

- Reduction of the thermal energy generated in the coolant circuit by covering the heat sources

- Increasing the efficiency of the heat pump (operation close to the best point possible)

- Increasing the vehicle range over which the vehicle can be driven purely electrically

- Reduction of battery costs

- Reduction of component costs of the heat pump

- saving of space

In order to keep the costs, the space requirement and the weight of the air conditioning device particularly low, it is in an advantageous embodiment of the invention

provided that the refrigerant in the cooling mode and in the heating mode flows in the same direction through the conveyor. In other words, that promotes

Conveying the refrigerant in the same direction through the conveyor both in the heating mode and in the cooling mode. The switching or switchability between the heating mode and the cooling mode is thus not realized, for example, by a conveying direction reversal of the conveyor, but for example only by appropriate interconnection or switching of the valve device, in particular such that corresponding lines in the respective operating mode are released or blocked in spite of the same conveying direction, in which the refrigerant is conveyed by the conveyor through this, the refrigerant in the heating mode and in the cooling mode

to conduct different way through the refrigerant circuit.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the

Air conditioning device having an inner heat exchanger. The inner one

Heat exchanger is also referred to as an internal heat exchanger, internal heat exchanger or internal heat exchanger. In the cooling mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor through the outdoor heat exchanger and then through the inner heat exchanger. Thereafter, the first part of the refrigerant flows through the as

Evaporator working indoor heat exchanger, and the second part of the refrigerant flows through the working as an evaporator coolant heat exchanger. Thereafter, the parts combine and then flow through the inner heat exchanger and then to and through the conveyor. In this case, the refrigerant experiences downstream of the External heat exchanger and upstream of the inner heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger by means of the inner heat exchanger, a cooling, so that the refrigerant downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger and upstream of the

Inside heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger by means of

Is cooled indoor heat exchanger. Downstream of the inner heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger and upstream of the conveyor, the refrigerant undergoes heating by means of the inner heat exchanger, so that the refrigerant downstream of the inner heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger and upstream

Conveyor is heated by means of the internal heat exchanger. Operation of the internal heat exchanger as the evaporator is omitted in both the heating mode and the cooling mode.

In the heating mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor through the

Coolant heat exchanger and then through the inner heat exchanger, whereupon the refrigerant flows through the inner heat exchanger. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows through the working as an evaporator outdoor heat exchanger and then to and through the conveyor. The refrigerant undergoes cooling in the heating mode downstream of the indoor heat exchanger and upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger by means of the internal heat exchanger, so that the refrigerant in the heating mode by means of the internal heat exchanger downstream of the inner heat exchanger and upstream

Outdoor heat exchanger is cooled. Downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger and upstream of the conveyor, the refrigerant undergoes heating in the heating mode by means of the internal heat exchanger, so that in the heating mode, the refrigerant is heated downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger and upstream of the conveyor by means of the internal heat exchanger.

It has proven particularly advantageous if the valve device is in a

Wiederheizmodus is switchable, which is a third mode of operation and is also referred to as reheat mode. In the reheat operation, for example, the

Conveyor during operation or active, so that in the reheat mode, the refrigerant is conveyed by the conveyor through the refrigerant circuit. In this case, the refrigerant flows in the Wiederaufheizmodus in the same direction by the conveyor into which the refrigerant flows in the heating mode and in the cooling mode by the conveyor. In other words, in the heating mode, the cooling mode, and the re-heating mode, the refrigerant flows in the same direction through the conveyor. In the reheat mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor through the coolant heat exchanger, then through the Outdoor heat exchanger, then through the inner heat exchanger and then to and through the conveyor. In reheat mode, the indoor heat exchanger operates as an evaporator to dehumidify the air. The coolant heat exchanger operates as a cooler, in particular as a gas cooler, to heat the coolant. The heated coolant then passes through a coolant-air heat exchanger to reheat the air.

In the reheat mode, the coolant undergoes heating by means of the refrigerant heat exchanger, so that in the reheat mode, the refrigerant is released by means of the

Coolant heat exchanger is heated. For this purpose, a heat transfer from the coolant heat exchanger flowing through the refrigerant via the

Coolant heat exchanger to the coolant heat exchanger flowing through

Coolant. In the reheat mode, the refrigerant undergoes by means of the

Outdoor heat exchanger a cooling, for example, over the

External heat exchanger, a heat transfer from the outside heat exchanger flowing through the refrigerant to the ambient air. In addition, in the Wiederaufheizmodus the refrigerant by means of the inner heat exchanger undergoes further heating, for example, by a heat transfer from the air conditioning air via the inner heat exchanger to the refrigerant flowing through the inner heat exchanger. This means that in the reheat mode, the refrigerant is heated by the indoor heat exchanger and cooled by the refrigerant heat exchanger and by the outdoor heat exchanger.

In the reheat mode, the air conditioning air is used by means of the

Cooled indoor heat exchanger particularly effective and energy efficient and thereby dehumidified, for example. Thereafter, the air conditioning air is reheated, for example by means of the heated coolant, after which the first dehumidified and then heated air conditioning air can be supplied to the interior.

For example, if the inner heat exchanger is provided, it is in further

Embodiment of the invention provides that in the Wiederaufheizmodus the

Then refrigerant from the conveyor through the coolant heat exchanger, then through the outdoor heat exchanger, then through the inner heat exchanger, then through the inner heat exchanger, then through the inner heat exchanger and then flows to and through the conveyor. In this case, the refrigerant undergoes cooling downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger and upstream of the inner heat exchanger by means of the inner heat exchanger, so that the refrigerant downstream of the Exterior heat exchanger and is cooled upstream of the inner heat exchanger by means of the inner heat exchanger. Downstream of the indoor heat exchanger and upstream of the conveyor, the refrigerant undergoes heating in the reheat mode, such that in the reheat mode, the refrigerant is heated downstream of the indoor heat exchanger and upstream of the conveyor by means of the internal heat exchanger. As a result, a particularly energy-efficient operation can be represented.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the

Air conditioning device has at least or exactly two arranged in the refrigerant circuit 3/2-way valves. This allows the different

Operating modes can be realized in a simple and cost-effective manner.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the outdoor heat exchanger, the

Inner heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger each one in the

Associated refrigerant circuit arranged expansion valve of the valve device, so that the refrigerant can be expanded by means of the respective expansion valve. As a result, a particularly efficient operation can be realized. The respective

Expansion valve is designed, for example, as an adjustable, in particular controllable or regulated, expansion valve.

Finally, it has proved to be advantageous if the air conditioning device designed as a rooftop system and thus in the fully manufactured state of

Motor vehicle is arranged on the roof, which is also referred to as a vehicle roof.

The invention also includes a method for operating an air-conditioning device according to the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of

Air conditioning device according to the invention are as advantages and advantageous

To consider embodiments of the method according to the invention and vice versa.

Finally, the invention also preferably includes a motor vehicle designed as a commercial vehicle, which has at least one air conditioning device according to the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention

Air conditioning device are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the motor vehicle according to the invention and vice versa.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the Drawing. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures are not only in the respectively indicated combination, but also in others

Combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the invention.

The drawing shows in:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an inventive

Air conditioning device for a motor vehicle, wherein in Fig. 1 a

Cooling mode of the air conditioning device is illustrated;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the air-conditioning device, wherein in FIG.

FIG. 2 illustrates a heating mode of the air conditioning device; FIG. and

3 is a schematic representation of the air conditioning device, wherein in FIG.

3, a reheat mode of the air conditioning device is illustrated.

In the figures, the same or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a schematic representation of an air-conditioning device 10 for a motor vehicle, which is preferably designed as a commercial vehicle. Particularly preferably, the motor vehicle is designed as an electric vehicle and thus driven purely electrically. As will be explained in more detail below, a particularly efficient operation of the air conditioning device can be realized, so that a particularly high electrical range, over which the motor vehicle can be driven purely electrically, can be represented.

The air-conditioning device 10 has a refrigerant circuit 12, through which a refrigerant can flow, and a conveying device, which is arranged in the refrigerant circuit 12 and designed as a pump 14, by means of which the refrigerant is to be conveyed or conveyed through the refrigerant circuit 12. In the following, three different operating modes of the air conditioning device 10 illustrated. A first of the modes of operation is one illustrated in FIG

Cooling mode. A second of the modes of operation is a heating mode illustrated in FIG. 2, the third mode of operation being a reheat mode, shown in FIG. 3, also referred to as reheat mode. In the operating modes, the pump 14 is in operation, so that in the respective operating mode, the refrigerant is conveyed through the pump 14 through the refrigerant circuit 12 and thereby through the pump 14 itself.

In FIG. 1, an arrow 16 illustrates a flow direction into which the refrigerant flows in the three operating modes through the pump 14 or is conveyed through it by the pump 14. The different modes of operation are thus not by a flow direction reversal of the pump 14, but by means of a valve device 18 or by corresponding switching of the valve device 18 and by corresponding, fluidly interconnected

Lines implemented, through which the refrigerant can flow.

The air conditioning device 10, which is also referred to as the air conditioning system, has at least one outdoor heat exchanger 20, which is arranged in the refrigerant circuit 12 and can therefore be flowed through by the refrigerant, via which a heat exchange between the refrigerant and ambient air can take place. The ambient air is air, which is located in the environment 22 of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and in particular the motor vehicle and, for example, the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and flows around, in particular when driving the motor vehicle. The outdoor heat exchanger 20 is a first heat exchanger of the air conditioning device. The

In addition, the air-conditioning device 10 has a flow in the refrigerant circuit 12 and, consequently, can be flowed through by the refrigerant

Inner heat exchanger 24, via which a heat exchange between the

Refrigerant and the interior of the motor vehicle to be supplied air can be done. The air to be supplied to the interior of the motor vehicle is also referred to as air conditioning air, since the air conditioning air supplied to the interior, that is in the

Interior is initiated. As a result, the interior can be tempered by means of the air conditioning air, that is, optionally cooled and heated. The air conditioning air is, for example, by means of a not visible in the figures blower of the

Air conditioning device 10 promoted. The air conditioning air is sucked in, for example by means of the blower from the environment 22, from the interior or from the environment 22 and the interior and conveyed to or into the interior. The indoor heat exchanger 24 is a second heat exchanger of

Air conditioning device 10. The motor vehicle is designed, for example, as a bus, in particular as a bus, whose interior is particularly large. Despite this size of the interior, one of the interior spaces can be heated efficiently by means of the air-conditioning device 10. In the vehicle vertical direction upward, the interior is limited, for example, by a roof of the motor vehicle, also referred to as a vehicle roof. In this case, the air-conditioning device 10 is designed, for example, as a rooftop installation and accordingly arranged on the roof.

The air-conditioning device 10 furthermore has a coolant circuit 26 which can be flowed through in the refrigerant circuit 12 and in a coolant which can be flowed through by a coolant

arranged coolant heat exchanger 28, which is traversed by both the refrigerant and the coolant or in the respective

Operating mode is flowed through. The coolant is preferably a liquid and comprises at least water. The coolant can be used for example for cooling a drive component of the motor vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, the coolant can be used for at least one other purpose, for example for the air conditioning of the driving workstation by means of a coolant-air heat exchanger. Alternatively or additionally, the coolant can be heated by means of the coolant heat exchanger. The heated coolant can then be used as a heat source for heating the batteries or for heating the driving workstation and / or as a floor heating and / or for heating, in particular reheating of air, in particular in a reheat operation of a rooftop system.

The motor vehicle is driven by means of the drive component. In the

Drive component is, for example, an electric machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically. Alternatively or additionally, the drive component comprises at least one battery, by means of which the electrical machine can be supplied with stored in the battery electrical energy. About the coolant heat exchanger 28, a heat exchange between the

Refrigerant and the coolant done. Furthermore, the

Air conditioning device 10, the valve device 18, by means of which at least one flow of the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit 12 can be influenced.

In order to be able to air-condition the interior in a particularly energy-efficient manner and thus to temper it, the valve device 18 is switched in the cooling mode such that it releases or blocks the lines of the air-conditioning device 10 through which the refrigerant can flow such that the refrigerant in the cooling mode of the Pump 14 via a 2/3-way valve 42 to and through the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and then via a check valve 40 to and through an inner

Heat exchanger 30 of the air conditioning device 10 flows. In other words, the air conditioning device 10 also includes the inner heat exchanger 30, which is arranged in the refrigerant circuit 12 and consequently can be flowed through by the refrigerant. After the refrigerant has passed through the inner heat exchanger 30, the refrigerant or its flow divides into a first part 32 and a second part 34 in the cooling mode. Since the refrigerant is only downstream of the inner

Heat exchanger 30 divides the parts 32 and 34, the parts 32 and 34 flow together from the pump 14 to the and in particular through the

After the inner heat exchanger 30, that is, downstream of the inner heat exchanger 30, the first part 32 flows through an expansion valve 36 to and through the

Inner heat exchanger 24, which operates in the cooling mode as an evaporator. In this case, the inner heat exchanger 24 which is arranged in the refrigerant circuit 12

Expansion valve 36 associated with the air conditioning device 10, so that, for example, in the cooling mode, the first part of the refrigerant by means of the expansion valve 36 and by means of the internal heat exchanger 24 is evaporated.

Downstream of the inner heat exchanger 30, the second part 34 flows over

Expansion valve 38 to and through the coolant heat exchanger 28, which operates in the cooling mode as an evaporator. For this purpose, the expansion valve 38 of the air conditioning device 10 is assigned to the coolant heat exchanger 28, so that in the

Cooling mode, the second part 34 of the refrigerant by means of the expansion valve 38 and by means of the coolant heat exchanger 28 is evaporated. After this

Coolant heat exchanger 28, the second part 34 flows through a 2/3-way valve 44 and then merges with the first part 32. In other words, after the first part 32 through the inner heat exchanger 24 and the second part 34 through the

Coolant heat exchanger 28 has flowed, the first part 32 and the second part 34 reunite to a total flow of the refrigerant, the total flow has already flowed from the pump 14 through the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and through the inner heat exchanger 30. The total flow and thus the parts 32 and 34 then flow downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 24 and downstream of the

Coolant heat exchanger 28 through the inner heat exchanger 30 and then to and through the pump 14, whereby the refrigerant circuit 12 is closed. By doing

Cooling mode, the refrigerant is cooled by means of the outdoor heat exchanger by heat from the refrigerant to the ambient air passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 20. Downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and upstream of the indoor heat exchanger 24 and the coolant heat exchanger 28, the refrigerant by means of the inner

Heat exchanger 30 cooled. By means of the inner heat exchanger 24, the first part is heated by a heat transfer from the air conditioning air over the

Internal heat exchanger 24 to the refrigerant takes place. As a result, the air conditioning air is cooled. Then, the cooled air conditioning air is supplied to the interior, whereby the interior is cooled. The second part is done by means of the

Coolant heat exchanger 28 is heated by a heat transfer from the coolant via the coolant heat exchanger 28 takes place to the refrigerant. Downstream of

Inner heat exchanger 24 and the coolant heat exchanger 28 and upstream of the pump 14, the refrigerant or the parts by means of the inner

Heat exchanger 30 is heated.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the valve device 18 comprises the shut-off valve 40, which is arranged downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and upstream of the internal heat exchanger 30 or of the internal heat exchanger 24 and the coolant heat exchanger 28 with respect to the cooling mode. In addition, the includes

Valve means 18, the expansion valves 36 and 38 and the at least or exactly two 2/3-way valves 42 and 44. Based on the cooling mode, the 2/3-way valve 42 is disposed downstream of the pump 14 and upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 20.

With respect to the cooling mode, the 2/3-way valve 44 is downstream of

Coolant heat exchanger 28 and upstream of the inner heat exchanger 30th

or the pump 14 is arranged. Furthermore, the valve device 18 includes an expansion valve 46 associated with the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and a

Shut-off valve 48, whose functions are explained in more detail below.

Fig. 2 shows the heating mode. For example, while the coolant in the cooling mode is cold and thus has a first temperature, the coolant is, for example, warm in the heating mode and accordingly has a second temperature greater than the first temperature. Also in the Wiederaufheizmodus the coolant is warm, so it is, for example, a larger compared to the first temperature third

Temperature, which correspond to the second temperature, may be greater than the second temperature or less than the second temperature.

In the heating mode, the refrigerant flows from the pump 14 via the 2/3-way valve 42 to and through the coolant heat exchanger 28, then via the 2/3-way valve 44 to and through the indoor heat exchanger 24, then via the expansion valve 36 to and through the inner heat exchanger 30, then via the expansion valve 46 to and through the outdoor heat exchanger 20, which operates in the heating mode as an evaporator, then through the inner heat exchanger 30 and then to and through the pump 14. Here, the Valve means 18, the expansion heat exchanger 46 associated with the outdoor heat exchanger 20, so that the refrigerant in the heating mode by means of the expansion valve 46 and by means of the

Outdoor heat exchanger 20 is expanded. In the heating mode, the refrigerant is heated by means of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 by a heat transfer from the

Ambient air takes place via the outdoor heat exchanger 20 to the refrigerant. In the heating mode, the refrigerant is cooled by means of the indoor heat exchanger 24, by a heat transfer from the refrigerant via the indoor heat exchanger 24 to the

Air conditioning air takes place. As a result, the air conditioning air is heated. If the heated air conditioning air is then supplied to the interior, the interior can be heated thereby. Further, the refrigerant is cooled in the heating mode by means of the refrigerant heat exchanger 28 by heat transfer from the refrigerant via the coolant heat exchanger 28 to the coolant. Downstream of

Inside heat exchanger 24 and upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 is the

Refrigerant cooled by means of the inner heat exchanger 30. Downstream of

Exterior heat exchanger 20 and upstream of the pump 14, the refrigerant is heated by means of the inner heat exchanger 30. Based on the heating mode, the shut-off valve 48 is disposed downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 24 and upstream of the internal heat exchanger 30 and the outdoor heat exchanger 20, respectively. In the cooling mode, the shut-off valve 40, the expansion valve 36 and the expansion valve 38 are opened while the shut-off valve 48 and the expansion valve 46 are closed. In the heating mode, the expansion valve 46 and the shut-off valve 48 are opened, while the

Shutoff valve 40 and the expansion valves 38 and 36 are closed.

In the reheat mode shown in FIG. 3, the shut-off valve 40 and the

Expansion valve 36 is opened while the shut-off valve 48 and the expansion valves 38 and 46 are closed. In the Wiederaufheizmodus the refrigerant flows from the pump 14 via the 2/3-way valve 42 through the coolant heat exchanger 28, then via the 2/3-way valve 44 through the outdoor heat exchanger 20, then via the check valve 40 through the inner heat exchanger 30, then over the

Expansion valve 36 through the inner heat exchanger 24, then through the inner heat exchanger 30 and then back to and through the pump 14th The outdoor heat exchanger 20 is a first heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger 24 is a second heat exchanger and the coolant heat exchanger 28 is a third heat exchanger of the air conditioning device 10. In addition, the inner

Heat exchanger 30, a fourth heat exchanger of the air conditioning device 10. In the Wiederaufheizmodus the refrigerant is cooled by means of the outdoor heat exchanger 20. Downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and upstream of the indoor heat exchanger 24, the refrigerant is cooled by means of the internal heat exchanger 30. By means of the

Inside heat exchanger 24, the refrigerant is heated. Downstream of

Inside heat exchanger 24 and upstream of the pump 14, the refrigerant is heated by means of the inner heat exchanger 30. By means of the coolant heat exchanger 28, the refrigerant is cooled. Thus, for example, in the reheat operation the

Air conditioning air cooled by the indoor heat exchanger 24 and thereby dehumidified, for example.

Claims

claims

1. Air conditioning device (10) for a motor vehicle, with one of a

Refrigerant-flowable refrigerant circuit (12), with at least one in the refrigerant circuit (12) arranged outdoor heat exchanger (20) for

Heat exchange between the refrigerant and ambient air, with an in the refrigerant circuit (12) arranged inside the heat exchanger (24) for

Heat exchange between the refrigerant and the interior of the motor vehicle to be supplied air, arranged in the refrigerant circuit (12) and in a flow-through of a coolant coolant circuit (26)

Coolant heat exchanger (28) for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant, with a in the refrigerant circuit (12) arranged

Conveying device (14) for conveying the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit (12), and with a valve device (18), by means of which at least one flow of the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit (12) can be influenced,

characterized in that

the valve device (18) at least between a cooling mode and a

Heating mode is switchable, wherein:

- In the cooling mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor (14) through the outdoor heat exchanger (20), whereupon a first part (32) of the refrigerant through the working as an evaporator inner heat exchanger (24) and a second part (34) of the refrigerant by the Evaporator working

Coolant heat exchanger (28) flows, whereupon the parts (32, 34) combine and flow to and through the conveyor (14), wherein the refrigerant by means of the outdoor heat exchanger (20) a cooling, by means of

Indoor heat exchanger (24) a warming and by means of

Coolant heat exchanger (28) undergoes further heating; and in the heating mode, the refrigerant flows from the conveyor (14) through the coolant heat exchanger (28), then through the indoor heat exchanger (24), then through the outdoor heat exchanger (20) operating as an evaporator and then to and through the conveyor (14), the

Refrigerant by means of coolant heat exchanger (28) a cooling, by means of the internal heat exchanger (24) a cooling and by means of the

Outdoor heat exchanger (20) undergoes heating.

2. Air conditioning device (10) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the refrigerant in the cooling mode and in the heating mode flows in the same direction (16) through the conveyor (14).

3. Air conditioning device (10) according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized by

an internal heat exchanger (30) wherein:

in the cooling mode, the refrigerant from the conveyor (14) through the outdoor heat exchanger (20) and then through the inner heat exchanger (30) flows, whereupon the first part (32) of the refrigerant through the working as an evaporator inner heat exchanger (24) and the second Part (34) of the refrigerant flows through the working as an evaporator refrigerant heat exchanger (28), whereupon the parts (32, 34) unite and then flow through the inner heat exchanger (30) and then to and through the conveyor (14) the refrigerant downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger (20) and upstream of the indoor heat exchanger (24) and the coolant heat exchanger (28) by means of the internal heat exchanger (30) a cooling and downstream of the internal heat exchanger (24) and the coolant heat exchanger (28) and upstream of the conveyor (! ) by means of the inner heat exchanger (30) a

Warming experiences; and

- In the heating mode, the refrigerant from the conveyor (14) through the coolant heat exchanger (28), then through the inner heat exchanger (24), then through the inner heat exchanger (30), then through the operating as an evaporator outdoor heat exchanger (20), then through the inner heat exchanger (30) and then to and through the conveyor (14) flows, wherein the refrigerant downstream of the inner heat exchanger (24) and upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger (20) by means of the internal heat exchanger (30) a cooling and downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger (20) and upstream of the conveyor (14) by means of the internal heat exchanger (30)

Warming experiences.

4. Air conditioning device (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the valve means (18) is switchable into a Wiederaufheizmodus, in which the refrigerant from the conveyor (14) through the coolant heat exchanger (28), then through the outdoor heat exchanger (20), then through the

Inner heat exchanger (24) and then flows to and through the conveyor (14), wherein the refrigerant by means of coolant heat exchanger (28) a

Cooling, by means of the outdoor heat exchanger (20) a cooling and by means of the internal heat exchanger (24) undergoes heating.

5. Air conditioning device (10) according to claims 3 and 4,

characterized in that

in the reheat mode, the refrigerant from the conveyor (14) through the coolant heat exchanger (28), then through the outdoor heat exchanger (20), then through the inner heat exchanger (30), then through the

Thereafter, the refrigerant flows through the inner heat exchanger (30) and then to and through the conveyor (14), the refrigerant downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger (20) and upstream of the indoor heat exchanger (24) by means of the internal heat exchanger (30) Cooling and downstream of the inner heat exchanger (24) and upstream of the conveyor (14) by means of the inner heat exchanger (30) undergoes heating.

6. air conditioning device (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the air conditioning device (10) at least or exactly two in the

Refrigerant circuit (12) arranged 2/3-way valves (44, 42).

7. Air conditioning device (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the outdoor heat exchanger (20), the indoor heat exchanger (24) and the Coolant heat exchanger (28) in each case one in the refrigerant circuit (12) arranged expansion valve (36, 38, 46) of the valve means (18) is associated.

8. Air conditioning device (10) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the air conditioning device (10) is designed as a rooftop system.

9. A method for operating an air conditioning device (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

10. motor vehicle, with at least one air conditioning device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8.