WO2019205957A1 - 防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接 - Google Patents

防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205957A1
WO2019205957A1 PCT/CN2019/082380 CN2019082380W WO2019205957A1 WO 2019205957 A1 WO2019205957 A1 WO 2019205957A1 CN 2019082380 W CN2019082380 W CN 2019082380W WO 2019205957 A1 WO2019205957 A1 WO 2019205957A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nut
bolt
internal thread
thread
external thread
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PCT/CN2019/082380
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许松林
Original Assignee
Xu Songlin
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Priority claimed from CN201810565646.2A external-priority patent/CN108488200A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201820855570.2U external-priority patent/CN208252561U/zh
Application filed by Xu Songlin filed Critical Xu Songlin
Publication of WO2019205957A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205957A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of fasteners, and in particular to a double nut threaded joint for preventing automatic rolling movement in a loose direction.
  • the manner in which the internally threaded member and the externally threaded member automatically rotate in a relatively loose direction has a sliding motion (for example, the nut generates a sliding rotation in a relatively loose direction under the action of the rotational inertia) and a rolling motion (no fixing)
  • the axis rotates laterally) both ways.
  • the transverse direction of the present invention is the same as the radial direction of the thread; the longitudinal direction of the present invention is the same as the axial direction of the thread.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a double nut threaded joint which can effectively prevent rolling movement between a nut and a bolt in a mutually loose direction during lateral vibration or impact.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in a double nut a structure is provided in the threaded joint, so that after the bolt, the first nut and the second nut are screwed on the workpiece, the end surface of the second nut and the end surface of the first nut are in contact with each other, and the end surface of the first nut is There is no space between the end faces of the second nut and the second nut to make a rolling motion in the loose direction, and the lateral direction of the first nut and the second nut can be effectively prevented from loosening on the end faces of each other during lateral vibration or impact.
  • the rolling motion while the internal thread combination of the first nut and the second nut and the external thread of the bolt do not have a space for rolling movement in the loose direction.
  • the so-called "contact structure with no lateral gap between the concave surface and the convex surface” means that "the first nut and the second nut are not capable between the concave surface and the convex surface. Make a space for horizontal linear motion.”
  • the so-called "contact structure having no lateral gap between the convex surface and the concave surface” means that "the first nut and the second nut are not capable between the convex surface and the concave surface. Make a space for horizontal linear motion.”
  • the so-called "longitudinal clearance between the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the first nut” means that "the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the first nut are between The bolt and the first nut can make a space for longitudinal linear motion”.
  • the so-called "longitudinal clearance between the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the second nut” means that "the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the second nut are between The bolt and the second nut can make a space for longitudinal linear motion”.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a double-nut threaded joint for preventing an automatic rolling motion in a loose direction including a bolt, a first nut, and a second nut, wherein a top surface of the first nut is provided with a concave surface, and a bottom portion of the second nut is provided with a convex surface.
  • the bottom of the first nut is in contact with the workpiece;
  • the concave surface and the convex surface are in contact with no lateral gap a structure in which the lower flank of the internal thread of the first nut and the upper flank of the external thread of the bolt contact each other;
  • the upper flank of the internal thread of the second nut and the outer side of the bolt a structure in which the lower flank of the thread is in contact with each other;
  • a longitudinal gap is formed between the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the first nut, and the major diameter of the internal thread of the first nut is larger than the external thread a large diameter, a small diameter of the internal thread of the first nut is larger than a small diameter of the external thread;
  • the first nut and the second nut are tightened on the workpiece (refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 6), there is no contact structure between the concave surface and the convex surface, so there is no first nut and second between the concave surface and the convex surface.
  • the nut can make a space for rolling motion in a loose direction; in the case of lateral vibration or impact, if there is no tendency for relative lateral movement between the internally threaded member and the externally threaded member, no loosening will occur between the internally threaded member and the externally threaded member.
  • the first nut of the structure cannot slide on the convex surface; the second nut simultaneously has a tendency to slide downward along the external thread and a tendency to slide upward along the concave surface, due to the locking structure
  • the nut cannot slide on the concave surface; if the tendency of the first nut and the bolt to move laterally relative to the second nut is generated, the tendency of the first nut to slide down along the convex surface and the internal thread of the bolt along the second nut are simultaneously generated.
  • the external thread of the bolt a longitudinal gap is formed between the internal thread of the first nut, the larger diameter of the internal thread of the first nut is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, and the internal diameter of the first nut is larger than the external thread a small gap" and "the external thread of the bolt has a longitudinal gap with the internal thread of the second nut, the major diameter of the internal thread of the second nut is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, the second The small diameter of the internal thread of the nut
  • the concave surface and the convex surface are not self-locking structures in the longitudinal direction, the position between the concave surface and the convex surface can be automatically adjusted during the installation process, so that the concave surface can be smoothly realized.
  • the nylon material or the rubber material or the engineering resin material may undergo continuous elastic deformation, thereby causing the concave surface and Between the convex surfaces, a space for rolling the second nut in the loose direction is generated. If the friction force of the second nut is not large enough, the second nut will perform a rolling motion in a loose direction.
  • the effect of the automatic rolling motion in the loose direction is preferably that the material of the portion where the concave surface and the convex surface are in contact with each other is not nylon, rubber or engineering resin, and in order to further improve the effect of preventing the automatic rolling motion in the loosening direction, it is further preferred that The first nut and the second nut are metal fasteners.
  • a double nut threaded joint for preventing automatic rolling movement in a loose direction including a bolt, a first nut and a second nut, a top surface of the first nut is provided with a convex surface, and a bottom of the second nut is provided with a concave surface.
  • the bottom of the first nut is in contact with the workpiece; there is no lateral gap contact between the convex surface and the concave surface a structure in which the lower flank of the internal thread of the first nut and the upper flank of the external thread of the bolt contact each other; the upper flank of the internal thread of the second nut and the outer side of the bolt a structure in which the lower flank of the thread is in contact with each other; a longitudinal gap is formed between the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the first nut, and the major diameter of the internal thread of the first nut is larger than the external thread a large diameter, a small diameter of the internal thread of the first nut is larger than a small diameter of the external thread; a longitudinal gap between the external thread of the bolt and the internal thread of the second nut, the internal thread of the second nut The larger diameter is larger than the The large diameter of the external thread, the small diameter of the internal thread of the second nut is larger
  • the first nut and the second nut are tightened on the workpiece (refer to FIG. 9 and FIG. 12), there is no contact structure between the convex surface and the concave surface, so there is no first nut and second between the convex surface and the concave surface.
  • the nut can make a space for rolling motion in a loose direction; in the case of lateral vibration or impact, if there is no tendency for relative lateral movement between the internally threaded member and the externally threaded member, no loosening will occur between the internally threaded member and the externally threaded member.
  • the first nut of the structure cannot slide on the concave surface; the second nut simultaneously has a tendency to slide downward along the external thread and a tendency to slide upward along the convex surface, due to the locking structure
  • the nut cannot slide on the convex surface; if the tendency of the first nut and the bolt to move laterally relative to the second nut is generated, the tendency of the first nut to slide down along the concave surface and the internal thread of the bolt along the second nut are simultaneously generated.
  • the external thread of the bolt a longitudinal gap is formed between the internal thread of the first nut, the larger diameter of the internal thread of the first nut is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, and the internal diameter of the first nut is larger than the external thread a small gap" and "the external thread of the bolt has a longitudinal gap with the internal thread of the second nut, the major diameter of the internal thread of the second nut is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, the second The small diameter of the internal thread of the nut
  • the convex surface and the concave surface are not self-locking structures in the longitudinal direction, the position between the convex surface and the concave surface can be automatically adjusted during the installation process, so that the convex surface can be smoothly realized. Between the concave surfaces, there is a contact structure having no lateral gap. Therefore, in order to smoothly achieve the effect of preventing the automatic rolling motion in the loose direction, "the convex surface and the concave surface are not self-locking structures in the longitudinal direction" It is a necessary condition for preventing the double nut threaded connection of the automatic rolling motion in the loose direction.
  • the nylon material or the rubber material or the engineering resin material will undergo continuous elastic deformation, thereby causing the convex surface and A space is formed between the concave surfaces to enable the second nut to roll in a loose direction. If the friction force of the second nut is not large enough, the second nut will perform a rolling motion in a loose direction.
  • the effect of the automatic rolling motion in the loose direction is preferably that the material of the portion where the convex surface and the concave surface are in contact with each other is not nylon, rubber, or engineering resin, and in order to further improve the effect of preventing the automatic rolling motion in the loosening direction, it is further preferred that The first nut and the second nut are metal fasteners.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the above-mentioned double-nut threaded joint for preventing the automatic rolling movement in the loose direction has the advantages of simple structure, simple manufacturing process, low manufacturing cost, convenient use, reusability, and is suitable for rigid connection and elastic connection.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first nut according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second nut according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state of use of a double nut threaded joint for preventing an automatic rolling motion in a loose direction according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first nut according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second nut according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state of use of a double nut threaded joint for preventing an automatic rolling motion in a loose direction according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first nut according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second nut according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the use state of the double nut threaded joint for preventing the automatic rolling motion in the loose direction according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a first nut according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a second nut according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a view showing the use state of the double-nut threaded joint for preventing the automatic rolling movement in the loose direction according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the double nut thread connection for preventing the automatic rolling movement in the loose direction comprises a bolt 1 , a first nut 2 and a second nut 3 , and the top of the first nut 2 is provided with a conical shape.
  • Concave surface 4 the bottom of the second nut 3 is provided with a conical convex surface 5, and after the bolt 1, the first nut 2 and the second nut 3 are screwed on the workpiece 6, the bottom of the first nut 2 is in contact with the workpiece 6;
  • Between the concave surface 4 and the conical convex surface 5 is a contact structure having no lateral gap; a structure in which the lower flank of the internal thread of the first nut 2 and the upper flank of the external thread of the bolt 1 contact each other; the second nut a structure in which the upper flank of the internal thread of 3 and the lower flank of the external thread of the bolt 1 are in contact with each other; a longitudinal gap is formed between the external thread of the bolt 1 and the internal thread of the first nut 2, and the inside of the first nut 2
  • the large diameter of the thread is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, the small diameter of the internal thread of the first nut 2 is larger than the small diameter of the external thread; the external thread of the bolt 1 has a longitudinal
  • the double nut thread connection for preventing the automatic rolling movement in the loose direction includes the bolt 1, the first nut 2 and the second nut 3.
  • the top of the first nut 2 is provided with a spherical concave surface. 4.
  • the bottom of the second nut 3 is provided with a convex surface 5 having a hexagonal shape.
  • the bottom of the first nut 2 is in contact with the workpiece 6; a contact structure having no lateral gap between the concave surface 4 and the hexahedral convex surface 5; a structure in which the lower flank of the internal thread of the first nut 2 and the upper flank of the external thread of the bolt 1 contact each other; a structure in which the upper flank of the internal thread of the second nut 3 and the lower flank of the external thread of the bolt 1 are in contact with each other; a longitudinal gap is formed between the external thread of the bolt 1 and the internal thread of the first nut 2, and the first nut 2
  • the large diameter of the internal thread is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, the small diameter of the internal thread of the first nut 2 is larger than the small diameter of the external thread; the external thread of the bolt 1 has a longitudinal gap with the internal thread of the second nut 3.
  • the major diameter of the internal thread of the second nut 3 is larger than the large diameter of the external thread, and the second The small diameter of the internal thread of the female 3 is larger than the small diameter of the external thread;
  • the material of the portion where the spherical concave surface 4 and the hexahedral convex surface 5 are in contact with each other is not nylon, rubber and engineering resin;
  • the first nut 2 and the second nut 3 It is a metal fastener;
  • the spherical concave surface 4 and the hexahedral convex surface 5 are not self-locking structures in the longitudinal direction.
  • the geometric parameters of the spherical concave surface 4 and the hexahedral convex surface 5 are not satisfied.
  • the condition that the spherical concave surface 4 and the hexahedral convex surface 5 are self-locking in the longitudinal direction.
  • the double nut thread connection for preventing the automatic rolling movement in the loose direction includes the bolt 1, the first nut 2 and the second nut 3.
  • the top of the first nut 2 is provided with a spherical convex surface.
  • the geometric parameters of the spherical convex surface 5 and the spherical concave surface 4 do not satisfy the longitudinal direction between the spherical convex surface 5 and the spherical concave surface 4 Conditions for self-locking on each other.
  • the double nut threading connection for preventing the automatic rolling motion in the loose direction includes the bolt 1, the first nut 2 and the second nut 3.
  • the top of the first nut 2 is provided with a conical shape.
  • a convex surface 5 a bottom surface of the second nut 3 is provided with a concave surface 4 having a hexagonal shape.

Abstract

一种防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓（1）、第一螺母（2）及第二螺母（3），第一螺母的顶部设置有凹面（4）或凸面（5），第二螺母的底部设置有凸面或凹面，螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件（6）上安装拧紧后，第一螺母的底部与工件接触；凹面与凸面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；第一螺母的内螺纹的下牙侧与螺栓的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；第二螺母的内螺纹的上牙侧与螺栓的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；凹面与凸面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构。

Description

防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接 技术领域
本发明涉及紧固件领域，具体涉及一种防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接。
背景技术
客观上，内螺纹件与外螺纹件之间向相对松动方向自动转动的方式有滑动运动(例如，在转动惯性的作用下螺母会产生向相对松退方向的滑行转动)与滚动运动(无固定轴横向旋转运动)这两种方式。
发明人在已发表的文章《全新的圆柱螺纹联接防松原理及防松技术》[中国新技术新产品，2015.10(上)]中，用理论分析与实验结果证明了“圆柱螺纹联接在横向振动或冲击的环境里产生的松动是内、外螺纹件之间的无固定轴横向旋转运动(滚动运动)，因此，只要实现内、外螺纹件之间的横向锁止，就能够阻止内、外螺纹件之间的无固定轴横向旋转运动，也就是能够实现圆柱螺纹联接在横向振动或冲击的环境里的完全防松”。
本发明所述的横向，与螺纹的径向相同；本发明所述的纵向，与螺纹的轴向相同。
螺母与螺栓之间做向相互松动方向的滚动运动，就必须得有能做松动方向滚动运动的空间。
如果设计一种双螺母螺纹联接，螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，第二螺母的端面与第一螺母的端面之间相互接触的同时，第一螺母的端面与第二螺母的端面之间没有第一螺母与第二螺母能做松动方向滚动运动的空间，而且在横向振动或冲击的时候第一螺母与第二螺母都不能在彼此的端面上做松动方向的滚动运动，同时第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹组合与螺栓的外螺纹之间没有相互做松动方向滚动运动的空间，就能防止在横向振动或冲击的时候第一螺母与第二螺母以及螺栓之间做向相互松动方向的滚动运动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在横向振动或冲击的时候能有效防止螺母与螺栓之间做向相互松动方向滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，进一步，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：在双螺母螺纹联接中设置一种结构，从而，螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，第二螺母的端面与第一螺母的端面之间相互接触的同时，第一螺母的端面与第二螺母的端面之间没有第一螺母与第二螺母能做松动方向滚动运动的空间，而且在横向振动或冲击的时候能有效防止第一螺母与第二螺母在彼此的端面上做松动方向的滚动运动，同时第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹组合与螺栓的外螺纹之间没有相互做松动方向滚动运动的空间。
本发明中，所谓的“所述凹面与所述凸面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构”，是指“所述凹面与所述凸面之间没有所述第一螺母与所述第二螺母能做横向直 线运动的空间”。
本发明中，所谓的“所述凸面与所述凹面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构”，是指“所述凸面与所述凹面之间没有所述第一螺母与所述第二螺母能做横向直线运动的空间”。
本发明中，所谓的“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙”，是指“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有所述螺栓与所述第一螺母能做纵向直线运动的空间”。
本发明中，所谓的“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙”，是指“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有所述螺栓与所述第二螺母能做纵向直线运动的空间”。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
技术方案1：防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母，所述第一螺母的顶部设置有凹面，所述第二螺母的底部设置有凸面，所述螺栓、所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，所述第一螺母的底部与所述工件接触；所述凹面与所述凸面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；所述第一螺母的内螺纹的下牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述第二螺母的内螺纹的上牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述凹面与所述凸面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，具体地，所述凹面与所述凸面的几何参数不满足所述凹面与所述凸面之间在纵向上相互自锁的条件。
螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后(参考图3、图6)，凹面与凸面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构，所以凹面与凸面之间没有第一螺母与第二螺母能做松动方向滚动运动的空间；在横向振动或冲击时，如果内螺纹件与外螺纹件之间不产生相对横向运动的趋势，则内螺纹件与外螺纹件之间就不会做松动方向的滚动运动(可参考《全新的圆柱螺纹联接防松原理及防松技术》[中国新技术新产品，2015.10(上)])；在横向振动或冲击时，如果第一螺母与第二螺母以及螺栓之间产生相对横向运动的趋势，这时如果凹面与凸面之间不能横向自锁，第一螺母会同时产生沿外螺纹向上滑动的趋势与沿凸面向下滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第一螺母不能在凸面上滑动；第二螺母会同时产生沿外螺纹向下滑动的趋势与沿凹面向上滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第二螺母不能在凹面上滑动；如果产生第一螺母与螺栓同时相对于第二螺母横向运动的趋势，这时会同时产生第一螺母沿凸面向下滑动的趋势与螺栓沿第二螺母的内螺纹向上滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第一螺母不能带着螺栓在凸面上滑动；如果产生第二螺母与螺栓同时相对于第一螺母横向运动的趋势，这时会同时产生第二螺母沿凹面向上滑动的趋势与螺栓沿第一螺母的内螺纹向下滑动的 趋势，由于这种锁定结构第二螺母不能带着螺栓在凹面上滑动；这时如果凹面与凸面之间能横向自锁，则第一螺母与第二螺母都不能在凸面与凹面上滑动，因此，在横向振动或冲击的时候凹面与凸面之间不会产生横向间隙，从而第一螺母与第二螺母都不能在凸面与凹面上做松动方向的滚动运动；这时螺栓的外螺纹被第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹从上下紧紧地顶住的同时，第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹被螺栓的外螺纹从上下紧紧地夹住，由于这种螺纹锁定结构，第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹组合与螺栓的外螺纹之间没有相互做松动方向滚动运动的空间，因此，第一螺母与第二螺母不能同时做松动方向的滚动运动，螺栓也不能做松动方向的滚动运动。
在横向振动或冲击的时候，如果外螺纹件的外螺纹与内螺纹件的内螺纹之间没有纵向间隙，而且内螺纹的大径不大于外螺纹的大径，同时内螺纹的小径不大于外螺纹的小径，那么会出现由于外螺纹与内螺纹之间形成横向锁止的结构从而导致外螺纹件与内螺纹件之间做不了松动方向滚动运动的状况，因此，“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径”和“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径”是所述防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的必要条件。
因为所述凹面与所述凸面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，所以在安装过程中所述凹面与所述凸面之间能自动调整位置，从而能顺利地实现“所述凹面与所述凸面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构”，因此，为了能顺利地实现防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的效果，“所述凹面与所述凸面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构”是所述防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的必要条件。
在横向振动或冲击的时候，如果第二螺母相对于第一螺母的横向惯性力大于一定值，尼龙材料或橡胶材料或工程树脂材料就会产生连续的弹性变形，从而会导致在所述凹面与所述凸面之间产生能使第二螺母做松动方向滚动运动的空间，这时如果第二螺母受到的摩擦力不够大，第二螺母就会做松动方向的滚动运动，因此，为了提高防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的效果，优选地，所述凹面与所述凸面相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂，为了进一步提高防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的效果，进一步优选地，所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母是金属紧固件。
该技术方案，螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，第二螺母的端面与第一螺母的端面之间相互接触的同时，第一螺母的端面与第二螺母的端面之间没有第一螺母与第二螺母能做松动方向滚动运动的空间，而且在横向振动或冲击的时候能有效防止第一螺母与第二螺母在彼此的端面上做松动方向的滚动运动，同时第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹组合与螺栓的外螺纹之间没有相互做松动方向滚动运动的空间，因此能有效防止在横向振动或冲击的时候第 一螺母与第二螺母以及螺栓之间做向相互松动方向的滚动运动，从而能达到提供一种在横向振动或冲击的时候能有效防止螺母与螺栓之间做向相互松动方向滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的目的。
技术方案2：防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母，所述第一螺母的顶部设置有凸面，所述第二螺母的底部设置有凹面，所述螺栓、所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，所述第一螺母的底部与所述工件接触；所述凸面与所述凹面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；所述第一螺母的内螺纹的下牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述第二螺母的内螺纹的上牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述凸面与所述凹面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，具体地，所述凸面与所述凹面的几何参数不满足所述凸面与所述凹面之间在纵向上相互自锁的条件。
螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后(参考图9、图12)，凸面与凹面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构，所以凸面与凹面之间没有第一螺母与第二螺母能做松动方向滚动运动的空间；在横向振动或冲击时，如果内螺纹件与外螺纹件之间不产生相对横向运动的趋势，则内螺纹件与外螺纹件之间就不会做松动方向的滚动运动(可参考《全新的圆柱螺纹联接防松原理及防松技术》[中国新技术新产品，2015.10(上)])；在横向振动或冲击时，如果第一螺母与第二螺母以及螺栓之间产生相对横向运动的趋势，这时如果凸面与凹面之间不能横向自锁，第一螺母会同时产生沿外螺纹向上滑动的趋势与沿凹面向下滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第一螺母不能在凹面上滑动；第二螺母会同时产生沿外螺纹向下滑动的趋势与沿凸面向上滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第二螺母不能在凸面上滑动；如果产生第一螺母与螺栓同时相对于第二螺母横向运动的趋势，这时会同时产生第一螺母沿凹面向下滑动的趋势与螺栓沿第二螺母的内螺纹向上滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第一螺母不能带着螺栓在凹面上滑动；如果产生第二螺母与螺栓同时相对于第一螺母横向运动的趋势，这时会同时产生第二螺母沿凸面向上滑动的趋势与螺栓沿第一螺母的内螺纹向下滑动的趋势，由于这种锁定结构第二螺母不能带着螺栓在凸面上滑动；这时如果凸面与凹面之间能横向自锁，则第一螺母与第二螺母都不能在凹面与凸面上滑动，因此，在横向振动或冲击的时候凸面与凹面之间不会产生横向间隙，从而第一螺母与第二螺母都不能在凹面与凸面上做松动方向的滚动运动；这时螺栓的外螺纹被第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹从上下紧紧地顶住的同时，第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹被螺栓的外螺纹从上下紧紧地夹住，由于这种螺纹锁定结构，第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹组合与螺栓的外螺纹之间没有相互做松动方向滚动运动的空间，因此，第一螺母与第二螺母不能同时做松动方向的滚动运动， 螺栓也不能做松动方向的滚动运动。
在横向振动或冲击的时候，如果外螺纹件的外螺纹与内螺纹件的内螺纹之间没有纵向间隙，而且内螺纹的大径不大于外螺纹的大径，同时内螺纹的小径不大于外螺纹的小径，那么会出现由于外螺纹与内螺纹之间形成横向锁止的结构从而导致外螺纹件与内螺纹件之间做不了松动方向滚动运动的状况，因此，“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径”和“所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径”是所述防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的必要条件。
因为所述凸面与所述凹面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，所以在安装过程中所述凸面与所述凹面之间能自动调整位置，从而能顺利地实现“所述凸面与所述凹面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构”，因此，为了能顺利地实现防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的效果，“所述凸面与所述凹面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构”是所述防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的必要条件。
在横向振动或冲击的时候，如果第二螺母相对于第一螺母的横向惯性力大于一定值，尼龙材料或橡胶材料或工程树脂材料就会产生连续的弹性变形，从而会导致在所述凸面与所述凹面之间产生能使第二螺母做松动方向滚动运动的空间，这时如果第二螺母受到的摩擦力不够大，第二螺母就会做松动方向的滚动运动，因此，为了提高防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的效果，优选地，所述凸面与所述凹面相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂，为了进一步提高防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的效果，进一步优选地，所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母是金属紧固件。
该技术方案，螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，第二螺母的端面与第一螺母的端面之间相互接触的同时，第一螺母的端面与第二螺母的端面之间没有第一螺母与第二螺母能做松动方向滚动运动的空间，而且在横向振动或冲击的时候能有效防止第一螺母与第二螺母在彼此的端面上做松动方向的滚动运动，同时第一螺母和第二螺母的内螺纹组合与螺栓的外螺纹之间没有相互做松动方向滚动运动的空间，因此能有效防止在横向振动或冲击的时候第一螺母与第二螺母以及螺栓之间做向相互松动方向的滚动运动，从而能达到提供一种在横向振动或冲击的时候能有效防止螺母与螺栓之间做向相互松动方向滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的目的。
本发明的有益效果是：上述的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，其结构简单、制造工艺简单、制造成本低、使用方便、可重复使用、适用于刚性联接与弹性连接。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一实施例的第一螺母的结构示意图；
图2为本发明第一实施例的第二螺母的结构示意图；
图3为本发明第一实施例的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的使用状态示意图；
图4为本发明第二实施例的第一螺母的结构示意图；
图5为本发明第二实施例的第二螺母的结构示意图；
图6为本发明第二实施例的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的使用状态示意图；
图7为本发明第三实施例的第一螺母的结构示意图；
图8为本发明第三实施例的第二螺母的结构示意图；
图9为本发明第三实施例的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的使用状态示意图；
图10为本发明第四实施例的第一螺母的结构示意图；
图11为本发明第四实施例的第二螺母的结构示意图；
图12为本发明第四实施例的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接的使用状态示意图。
图中：1、螺栓，2、第一螺母，3、第二螺母，4、凹面，5、凸面，6、工件。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
如图1、图2、图3所示，防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3，第一螺母2的顶部设置有圆锥形的凹面4，第二螺母3的底部设置有圆锥形的凸面5，螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3在工件6上安装拧紧后，第一螺母2的底部与工件6接触；圆锥形的凹面4与圆锥形的凸面5之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；第一螺母2的内螺纹的下牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；第二螺母3的内螺纹的上牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；螺栓1的外螺纹与第一螺母2的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第一螺母2的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第一螺母2的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；螺栓1的外螺纹与第二螺母3的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第二螺母3的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第二螺母3的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；圆锥形的凹面4与圆锥形的凸面5相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂；第一螺母2及第二螺母3是金属紧固件；圆锥形的凹面4与圆锥形的凸面5之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，具体地，圆锥形的凹面4的斜度(正切值)大于圆锥形的凹面4与圆锥形的凸面5的接触面之间的静摩擦系数。
实施例2
如图4、图5、图6所示，防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3，第一螺母2的顶部设置有球形的凹面4，第二螺母3的底部设置有六面锥形的凸面5，螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3在工件6上安装拧紧后，第一螺母2的底部与工件6接触；球形的凹面4与六面锥形的凸面5之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；第一螺母2的内螺纹的下牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；第二螺母3的内螺纹的上牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；螺栓1的外螺纹与第一螺母2的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第一螺母2的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第一螺母2的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；螺栓1的外螺纹与第二螺母3的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第二螺母3的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第二螺母3的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；球形的凹面4与六面锥形的凸面5相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂；第一螺母2及第二螺母3是金属紧固件；球形的凹面4与六面锥形的凸面5之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，具体地，球形的凹面4与六面锥形的凸面5的几何参数不满足球形的凹面4与六面锥形的凸面5之间在纵向上相互自锁的条件。
实施例3
如图7、图8、图9所示，防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3，第一螺母2的顶部设置有球形的凸面5，第二螺母3的底部设置有球形的凹面4，螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3在工件6上安装拧紧后，第一螺母2的底部与工件6接触；球形的凸面5与球形的凹面4之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；第一螺母2的内螺纹的下牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；第二螺母3的内螺纹的上牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；螺栓1的外螺纹与第一螺母2的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第一螺母2的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第一螺母2的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；螺栓1的外螺纹与第二螺母3的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第二螺母3的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第二螺母3的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；球形的凸面5与球形的凹面4相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂；第一螺母2及第二螺母3是金属紧固件；球形的凸面5与球形的凹面4之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，具体地，球形的凸面5与球形的凹面4的几何参数不满足球形的凸面5与球形的凹面4之间在纵向上相互自锁的条件。
实施例4
如图10、图11、图12所示，防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3，第一螺母2的顶部设置有圆锥形的凸面5，第二螺母3的底部设置有六面锥形的凹面4，螺栓1、第一螺母2及第二螺母3在工件6上安装拧紧后，第一螺母2的底部与工件6接触；圆锥形的凸面5与六面锥形的凹面4之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；第一螺母2的内螺纹的下牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；第二螺母3 的内螺纹的上牙侧与螺栓1的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；螺栓1的外螺纹与第一螺母2的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第一螺母2的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第一螺母2的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；螺栓1的外螺纹与第二螺母3的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，第二螺母3的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，第二螺母3的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；圆锥形的凸面5与六面锥形的凹面4相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂；第一螺母2及第二螺母3是金属紧固件；圆锥形的凸面5与六面锥形的凹面4之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构，具体地，圆锥形的凸面5的斜度(正切值)大于圆锥形的凸面5与六面锥形的凹面4的接触面之间的静摩擦系数。
上述的实施例仅例示性说明本发明创造的原理及其功效，以及部分运用的实施例，而非用于限制本发明；应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母，其特征在于：所述第一螺母的顶部设置有凹面，所述第二螺母的底部设置有凸面，所述螺栓、所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，所述第一螺母的底部与所述工件接触；所述凹面与所述凸面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；所述第一螺母的内螺纹的下牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述第二螺母的内螺纹的上牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述凹面与所述凸面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，其特征在于：所述凹面与所述凸面相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，其特征在于：所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母是金属紧固件。
  4. 防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，包括螺栓、第一螺母及第二螺母，其特征在于：所述第一螺母的顶部设置有凸面，所述第二螺母的底部设置有凹面，所述螺栓、所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母在工件上安装拧紧后，所述第一螺母的底部与所述工件接触；所述凸面与所述凹面之间是没有横向间隙的接触结构；所述第一螺母的内螺纹的下牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的上牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述第二螺母的内螺纹的上牙侧与所述螺栓的外螺纹的下牙侧之间相互接触的结构；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第一螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第一螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述螺栓的外螺纹与所述第二螺母的内螺纹之间有纵向间隙，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的大径大于所述外螺纹的大径，所述第二螺母的内螺纹的小径大于所述外螺纹的小径；所述凸面与所述凹面之间在纵向上不是相互自锁的结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，其特征在于：所述凸面与所述凹面相互接触的部位的材料不是尼龙、橡胶和工程树脂。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防止做松动方向自动滚动运动的双螺母螺纹联接，其特征在于：所述第一螺母及所述第二螺母是金属紧固件。
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