WO2019205110A1 - Procédé d'estimation de canal, dispositif et récepteur - Google Patents

Procédé d'estimation de canal, dispositif et récepteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205110A1
WO2019205110A1 PCT/CN2018/084933 CN2018084933W WO2019205110A1 WO 2019205110 A1 WO2019205110 A1 WO 2019205110A1 CN 2018084933 W CN2018084933 W CN 2018084933W WO 2019205110 A1 WO2019205110 A1 WO 2019205110A1
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Prior art keywords
subframes
subframe
current
pilot data
pilot
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PCT/CN2018/084933
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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王继辉
陈佳超
郁新华
赵所峰
白海
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/084933 priority Critical patent/WO2019205110A1/fr
Priority to CN201880000860.1A priority patent/CN110651454B/zh
Publication of WO2019205110A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205110A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel estimation method, apparatus, and receiver.
  • NB-IoT Narrow Band Internet of Things
  • the NB-IoT standard is a branch of the evolutionary Internet of Things protocol of LTE.
  • the receiver algorithm is very similar to LTE.
  • the processing flow is specifically as follows: after the receiver receives the time domain signal, it first synchronizes the signal; after the signal is synchronized, the time domain is The signal is subjected to Cyclic Prefix (CP) processing and Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) to transform the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal; then the channel estimation is performed according to the frequency domain signal, and then the channel estimation result is performed according to the channel estimation result. Perform channel equalization and demodulation, and finally perform de-scrambling, de-rate matching, and decoding on the demodulated data to obtain an original signal.
  • CP Cyclic Prefix
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
  • NB-IoT technology simplifies LTE to meet the needs of the Internet of Things.
  • the receiver of the NB-IoT system can adopt the receiver algorithm of the LTE system.
  • the least square method Least Square, LS
  • the amount of pilot signal data available for channel estimation in the LTE system is 100 times that of the NB-IoT, and the approximate NB-IoT system requires 100 times to achieve the same noise reduction effect. Therefore, if the receiver of the NB-IoT system completely applies the receiver algorithm of the LTE system, the channel estimation result will be poor, and finally the system receiving performance is very low, and only the minimum requirements of the protocol can be met.
  • the present invention provides a channel estimation method, apparatus and receiver for reducing the influence of noise on channel estimation of the NB-IoT system, improving the accuracy of channel estimation, and thereby improving system reception performance.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation method, including:
  • N subframes include a current subframe to be processed, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • Channel estimation is performed on the current to-be-processed subframe according to the combined pilot data.
  • the pilot data of the N subframes including the current subframe to be processed is merged between the subframes, and then channel estimation is performed, thereby effectively reducing the noise of the received data. Improve the accuracy of channel estimation and improve system reception performance.
  • the method before performing the inter-subframe combining of the pilot data in the N subframes, the method further includes:
  • the merging of the pilot data in the N subframes includes:
  • the frequency offset between the subframes can be reduced by performing frequency offset compensation on pilot subframes other than the current subframe to be processed in the subframes before the subframes are merged in the subframes of the N subframes.
  • the impact on the combined effect thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation.
  • the N subframes are N subframes whose reception time is continuous.
  • the channel estimation error caused by the frequency offset between the subframes is reduced, and the channel is improved. Estimated accuracy.
  • the N subframes include X subframes that are located before the current to-be-processed subframe and Y subframes that are located after the current to-be-processed subframe, where the sum of X and Y is equal to N-1.
  • the error of the frequency offset estimation can be reduced, the noise reduction effect of the merge between the subframes is improved, and the accuracy of the channel estimation is improved.
  • the current to-be-processed subframe when N is an odd number, the current to-be-processed subframe is the (N+1)/2th subframe; when N is an even number, the current to-be-processed subframe is the Nth. /2 or N/2+1 subframes.
  • the referenced subframe is selected before and after the current to-be-processed subframe, so that the current to-be-processed subframe is located in the middle of the N subframes, and the combined noise reduction effect can be further improved.
  • the value of N is 9.
  • the receiver can achieve better noise reduction.
  • performing merging between the subframes of the pilot data in the N subframes includes:
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes is arithmetically averaged.
  • performing merging between the subframes of the pilot data in the N subframes includes:
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes is weighted averaged.
  • performing channel estimation on the current to-be-processed subframe according to the merged pilot data includes:
  • the channel estimation value at the pilot position in the current to-be-processed subframe is calculated by least squares using the combined pilot data.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation apparatus, including:
  • a buffering module configured to buffer pilot data in N subframes, where the N subframes include a current to-be-processed subframe, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • a merging module configured to perform merging between the subframes of the pilot data in the N subframes to obtain the combined pilot data
  • a channel estimation module configured to perform channel estimation on the current to-be-processed subframe according to the combined pilot data.
  • the device further includes:
  • a frequency offset estimation module configured to perform frequency offset estimation on the N subframes according to pilot data in the N subframes, to obtain a frequency offset estimation value between the N subframes;
  • a frequency offset compensation module configured to perform frequency offset compensation on pilot subframes other than the current to-be-processed subframe in the N subframes according to the frequency offset estimation value, based on the current to-be-processed subframe;
  • the merging module is specifically configured to: perform merging between the pilot subframe after performing frequency offset compensation and the pilot data in the current to-be-processed subframe.
  • the N subframes are N subframes whose reception time is continuous.
  • the N subframes include X subframes that are located before the current to-be-processed subframe and Y subframes that are located after the current to-be-processed subframe, where the sum of X and Y is equal to N-1.
  • the current to-be-processed subframe when N is an odd number, the current to-be-processed subframe is the (N+1)/2th subframe; when N is an even number, the current to-be-processed subframe is the Nth. /2 or N/2+1 subframes.
  • the value of N is 9.
  • the merging module is specifically configured to:
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes is arithmetically averaged.
  • the merging module is specifically configured to:
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes is weighted averaged.
  • a channel estimation module is specifically configured to:
  • the channel estimation value at the pilot position in the current to-be-processed subframe is calculated by least squares using the combined pilot data.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a receiver, including: a memory and a processor, where the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor is configured to execute any one of the foregoing first aspect and the first aspect when the computer program is invoked Said method.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of the first aspect and the first aspect is implemented.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a NB-IoT frame structure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a NB-IoT pilot subframe
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of inter-subframe merging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of channel fading of NB-IoT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a noise reduction effect of inter-subframe combining according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another channel estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver algorithm of the NB-IoT system is very similar to that of LTE, but since the number of pilots of the NB-IoT is small, if the receiver algorithm of the LTE system is completely applied, the channel estimation result is poor.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system model used in LTE systems can be expressed by formula (1.1). :
  • H is the channel response
  • X is the known pilot transmission signal
  • Y is the received pilot signal
  • W is the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) vector superimposed on the pilot subchannel.
  • AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
  • the channel After obtaining the estimated value of the signal response H, the channel can be equalized using the ZF algorithm without considering the influence of the noise W, as shown in equation (1.4).
  • Equation (1.5) is the effect caused by the ZF algorithm after considering the noise.
  • the existing LTE system mainly utilizes the characteristics of LTE pilot signals, and uses Wiener filtering or transform domain noise reduction to improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
  • the data volume of the pilot signals in the NB-IoT system is only The 1/100 of the LTE system, therefore, if the receiver of the NB-IoT system completely applies the receiver algorithm of the LTE system, the channel estimation result is very poor, and finally the system receiving performance is very low, and only the minimum requirements of the protocol can be met.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation method, apparatus, and receiver, which mainly utilizes a channel fading slowness of an NB-IoT system, and uses a pilot of a current subframe to be processed and a plurality of subframes before and after it.
  • the data is combined to achieve data denoising, and then channel estimation is performed to improve channel estimation accuracy and thereby improve receiver performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:
  • each radio frame has 10 subframes, and two radio frames are shown in FIG. 2: an even frame on the left and an odd frame on the right.
  • the subframes 5 and 9 of the even frame are used for transmitting the synchronization signal
  • the subframe 5 of the odd frame is also used for transmitting the synchronization signal
  • the subframe for transmitting the synchronization signal does not contain the pilot data
  • the other is not used for transmitting the synchronization signal.
  • the subframes each contain pilot data, and these subframes may be simply referred to as pilot subframes.
  • each subframe is divided into 2 slots, the left half of each subframe is an even slot, and the right half is an odd slot; each slot has 7 OFDM symbols (I), each The OFDM symbols are fixed with only 12 subcarriers.
  • the pilot data is mapped on the last two OFDM symbols of each slot.
  • NB-IoT supports 1 or 2 antenna ports. When the antenna ports are two, the pilot data positions on the two antenna ports are different. For details, see Figure 3. When the antenna port is one, the pilot data is in The resource element (RE) mapped on the other antenna port is vacant and is not used for the transmission of this antenna port. Among them, one symbol on the frequency of one subcarrier in time domain is called an RE.
  • RE resource element
  • the receiver after receiving the baseband signal, completes the de-CP operation according to the protocol, and then converts the pilot data in the N subframes after the data is converted from the time domain to the frequency domain by the FFT.
  • the N subframes include a current to-be-processed subframe and a reference subframe.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of inter-subframe merging according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, two radio frames are shown, and subframes 10-19 are 0-9 of the odd frame in FIG. 2. Assuming that the current to-be-processed subframe is the subframe 10, the N-1 subframes before and after the subframe 10 are selected as the reference subframe. For convenience of description, the following is also taken as an example of the subframe to be processed. Technical solution of the invention.
  • the N subframes may be N subframes with consecutive reception times, for example, N subframes include subframes 8, 9, 10, and 11; and may also be N subframes whose reception time is discontinuous, for example, N subframes include subframe 6 8, 10 and 12.
  • N subframes are received.
  • the time-continuous N subframes are such that the interval between the reference subframe and the current subframe to be processed becomes smaller.
  • the reference subframes in the N subframes may select subframes that are located before the current subframe to be processed, for example, subframes 7, 8 and 9 before the subframe 10 are selected in the reference subframe; or may be selected in the current to-be-processed subframe.
  • Subframes after the frame for example, sub-frames 11, 12, and 13 after the sub-frame 10 are selected with reference to the sub-frame.
  • the AWGN of the receiver obeys a normal distribution with a mean value of 0.
  • the N subframes include X subframes located before the current to-be-processed subframe and are currently located.
  • the Y subframes after the subframe are processed, where the sum of X and Y is equal to N-1, that is, the reference subframe is selected before and after the current to-be-processed subframe, and the positive and negative between the reference subframe and the current to-be-processed subframe are The noise cancels each other to reduce the noise of the current subframe to be processed.
  • the current to-be-processed subframe may be located in the middle of the N subframes, that is, when N is an odd number, the current to-be-processed subframe is the (N+1)/2th subframe; when N is an even number, the current to-be-processed The subframe is the N/2th or N/2+1th subframe to improve the noise reduction effect of the current subframe to be processed.
  • N subframes include subframes 6-14, and subframe 10 is at an intermediate position.
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the specific value of N can be determined according to the combined noise reduction effect of the system, and should not be too small, so as to avoid the bad noise reduction effect; it should not be too large, so as to avoid introducing excessive frequency offset and affecting the noise reduction effect.
  • the value of N is 9, and at this value of N, the system can achieve a better noise reduction effect.
  • the value of N in FIG. 4 is 9.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is exemplified by taking the subframe merged diagram shown in FIG. 4 as an example.
  • the receiver can automatically determine whether the subframe is a pilot subframe according to the protocol, and when buffering, only the pilot data of the pilot subframe can be buffered. For example, in FIG. 4, the synchronization signal is mapped in the subframe 9, and there is no pilot data, so it is not used for merging. When buffering, it is not necessary to buffer the subframe 9.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of channel fading of the NB-IoT according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
  • the abscissa is the sampling time point and the ordinate is the channel response power.
  • the data between any 9 subframes is smooth, and the mean before and after is approximately the intermediate value, so the method of inter-subframe merging can be used for noise reduction.
  • the buffered pilot data may be represented by a two-dimensional matrix for each subframe, for example, by a matrix of 2 ⁇ 4 (single antenna) or 4 ⁇ 2 (dual antenna).
  • the merging between the matrices of N subframes is performed.
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes may be arithmetically averaged, or the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes may be weighted and averaged.
  • Nrs_rx_combine(t) ⁇ w(i)*nrs_rx(i) (1.6)
  • nrs_rx_combine(t) represents the combined pilot data
  • nrs_rx(i) represents the interval between the current pending subframe and i.
  • w(i) is a weight
  • the matrix of N subframes is weighted and averaged, that is, the pilot data of the same column in each matrix is weighted and averaged.
  • the channel estimation value at the pilot position of the current to-be-processed subframe may be first estimated according to the combined pilot data, and then according to the channel at the pilot position.
  • the estimated value estimates the channel estimate at the non-pilot position of the current pending subframe, completing the channel estimate for the entire current pending subframe.
  • the LS method when estimating the channel estimation value at the pilot position of the current to-be-processed subframe, the LS method may be used to calculate the channel estimation value at the pilot position in the current to-be-processed subframe, and the specific formula may be expressed as follows:
  • nrs_tx(t) represents the pilot data of the current pending subframe known by the transmitting and receiving parties defined by the local protocol, that is, the current to-be-processed subframe transmitted by the transmitter Pilot data.
  • the LS channel estimation method can achieve better channel estimation, and thus The LS channel estimation method is preferably employed to reduce system processing overhead.
  • the existing various methods may be used, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a noise reduction effect of inter-subframe combining according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig.
  • the channel estimation method provided in this embodiment uses the NB-IoT system to slow channel fading, and combines the pilot data of N subframes including the current subframe to be processed, and then performs channel estimation.
  • the noise of the received data can be effectively reduced, the accuracy of the channel estimation is improved, and the receiving performance of the system is improved.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment is a further optimization and supplement to the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 1. On the basis of the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:
  • step S101 For the step, reference may be made to the description of the step S101 corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and details are not described herein.
  • the reference subframe may be subjected to frequency offset compensation before combining to improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
  • the correlation of the pilot data in the N subframes may be used to perform frequency offset estimation on the N subframes, and the frequency offset estimation value w of the N subframes is estimated.
  • the specific frequency offset estimation method may be an existing frequency offset estimation method, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • S203 Perform frequency offset compensation on the pilot subframes other than the current to-be-processed subframe in the N subframes according to the frequency offset estimation value, based on the current to-be-processed subframe.
  • the frequency offset compensation may be performed on the other pilot subframes in the N subframes by using the formula (1.8), and the other pilot subframes in the N subframes are compensated, that is, the other pilots are compensated.
  • the frequency offset of the subframe relative to the current subframe to be processed to eliminate the influence of the transmission data on the frequency offset.
  • nrs_rx(i) represents the pilot data of the reference subframe with the current pending subframe interval i
  • nrs_rx_comp(i) represents the nrs_rx(i) after the frequency offset compensation.
  • the frequency offset compensation in this step may also directly adjust the crystal oscillator frequency of the receiver to achieve frequency offset correction.
  • Nrs_rx_combine(t) ⁇ w(i)*nrs_rx_comp(i) (1.9)
  • step S102 For the specific principle of the inter-subframe merging, refer to step S102, and details are not described herein again.
  • S205 Perform channel estimation on the current to-be-processed subframe according to the combined pilot data.
  • step S103 For the step, refer to the description of step S103 corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above, and details are not described herein.
  • the channel estimation method provided in this embodiment performs frequency offset compensation on pilot subframes other than the current to-be-processed subframe in the N subframes before performing the inter-subframe combining on the pilot data of the N subframes.
  • the effect of the inter-subframe frequency offset on the merging can be reduced, the accuracy of the channel estimation is improved, and the system receiving performance is improved.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the apparatus provided in this embodiment includes:
  • the buffering module 101 is configured to buffer pilot data in N subframes, where the N subframes include a current subframe to be processed, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the merging module 102 is configured to perform merging between the subframes of the pilot data in the N subframes to obtain the combined pilot data.
  • the channel estimation module 103 is configured to perform channel estimation on the current to-be-processed subframe according to the combined pilot data.
  • the device provided in this embodiment may be integrated in the receiver of the NB-IoT system, or may be a separate device.
  • the N subframes are N subframes whose reception time is continuous.
  • the N subframes include X subframes located before the current to-be-processed subframe and Y subframes located after the current to-be-processed subframe, where the sum of X and Y is equal to N-1.
  • the current to-be-processed subframe may be the (N+1)/2th subframe; when N is an even number, the current to-be-processed subframe may be the N/2th or N/2+1. Subframes.
  • the value of N may be 9.
  • the merging module 102 is specifically configured to:
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes is arithmetically averaged.
  • the merging module 102 is specifically configured to:
  • the pilot data of the same pilot position in the N subframes is weighted averaged.
  • the channel estimation module 103 is specifically configured to:
  • the channel estimation value at the pilot position in the current to-be-processed subframe is calculated by least squares according to the combined pilot data.
  • the device provided in this embodiment can perform the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and the implementation principle is similar to the technical effect, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another channel estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment is an optimization supplement to the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 9, in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. The device provided in this embodiment may further include:
  • the frequency offset estimation module 104 is configured to perform frequency offset estimation on the N subframes according to the pilot data in the N subframes, to obtain a frequency offset estimation value of the N subframes.
  • the frequency offset compensation module 105 is configured to perform frequency offset compensation on the pilot subframes other than the current to-be-processed subframe in the N subframes according to the frequency offset estimation value, based on the current to-be-processed subframe;
  • the merging module 102 is configured to: perform merging between the pilot subframe after performing frequency offset compensation and the pilot data in the current to-be-processed subframe.
  • the apparatus provided in this embodiment may be integrated in a receiver of the NB-IoT system or may be a separate device.
  • the device provided in this embodiment can perform the method embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , and the implementation principle is similar to the technical effect, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver provided in this embodiment includes: a memory 201 and a processor 202, where the memory 201 is used to store a computer program; and the processor 202 is configured to execute the method described in any one of the foregoing method embodiments when calling the computer program. method.
  • the receiver provided in this embodiment can perform the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principle is similar to the technical effect, and details are not described herein again.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method described in any one of the foregoing method embodiments is implemented.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé, un dispositif et un récepteur d'estimation de canal, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à : mettre en cache des données de fréquence pilote dans N sous-trames, les N sous-trames comprenant des sous-trames actuelles à traiter, et N étant un nombre entier supérieur ou égal à deux ; réaliser une fusion inter-sous-trames pour les données de fréquence pilote dans les N sous-trames pour obtenir des données de fréquence pilote fusionnées ; et réaliser une estimation de canal sur les sous-trames actuelles à traiter selon les données de fréquence pilote fusionnées. Avec la solution technique fournie par la présente invention, la précision d'estimation de canal dans un système NB-IoT peut être améliorée, et les performances de réception d'un système peuvent être améliorées.
PCT/CN2018/084933 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Procédé d'estimation de canal, dispositif et récepteur WO2019205110A1 (fr)

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