WO2019205028A1 - Optical fiber laser pressure sensor and pressure measurement method therefor - Google Patents
Optical fiber laser pressure sensor and pressure measurement method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019205028A1 WO2019205028A1 PCT/CN2018/084483 CN2018084483W WO2019205028A1 WO 2019205028 A1 WO2019205028 A1 WO 2019205028A1 CN 2018084483 W CN2018084483 W CN 2018084483W WO 2019205028 A1 WO2019205028 A1 WO 2019205028A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 164
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
Definitions
- the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is an erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and the wavelength of the erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating laser is 1550 nm.
- the first jumper provided by the embodiment of the present invention only allows laser transmission with a wavelength of 980 nm
- the second jumper only allows laser transmission of wavelengths of 980 nm and 1550 nm
- the third jumper only allows wavelengths.
- the fourth jumper only allows laser transmission at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
- the fiber laser pressure sensor further includes: a stage 107, an auxiliary fiber 108, and a slide glass 109.
- the stage 107 is a constant temperature stage
- the auxiliary fiber 108 is
- the active phase shift fiber Bragg gratings 103 have the same diameter for horizontally supporting the slides 109.
- the active phase shifting fiber Bragg grating 103 and the auxiliary optical fiber 108 are placed in parallel on the stage 107
- the slide glass 109 is a quartz glass piece placed on the active phase shifting fiber.
- different pressures can be applied to the slide glass 109 by the pressure applying module 110 to implement a pressure test; it should be noted that the pressure applying module 110 represents any pressure capable of providing Object.
- the slide glass 109 is for assisting the application of pressure to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103. Because if there is no slide 109, the applied pressure acts directly on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103. On the one hand, the force surface is small (the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating diameter is about 125 um), which is not well controlled; In one aspect, the active phase shifting fiber Bragg grating 103 is cylindrical and the force application process moves. Additionally, in fact the slide 109 can be replaced with a flat panel like a slide.
- the fiber laser pressure sensor further includes: a fiber holder and a fiber holder, which are not shown in the figure, the fiber holder is a rotating fixture placed on the fiber holder; the fiber holder is a square bracket or a triangle A type of bracket for adjusting the height of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 for holding the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103.
- the angle of the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating 103 needs to be adjusted before the measurement is performed by using the fiber laser pressure sensor, the direction of the lateral pressure of the different angles is different, and the sensitivity is also different. Adjustment is made by using the fiber holder and the fiber holder.
- n 0 is the average effective refractive index of the grating
- p 11 , p 12 is the elastic coefficient of the grating
- v p is the Poisson's ratio
- F is the transverse pressure
- r is the diameter of the grating
- E is the Young's mode field
- ⁇ 0°, that is, the applied pressure F direction is along the n x axis (slow axis) direction
- the change of ⁇ B causes the beat frequency
- the change in signal satisfies:
- ⁇ f' is the change value of the beat signal
- L is the length of the grating
- Leff is the effective length of the phase shift region
- the variation ⁇ B of the beat signal can be obtained by the formulas (1), (2), and (3)
- the relationship between the applied pressure F, specifically, if the degree of birefringence ⁇ B changes, causes a change in the beat signal, as in equation (3), and the applied pressure can be derived from the relationship between ⁇ B and the applied pressure F.
- the value of F as in formula (2).
- the sensitivity of the pressure in different lateral directions is different when pressure is applied in the lateral direction of the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating, we need to measure the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating in a certain direction before performing pressure measurement.
- Sensitivity Specifically, pressure is applied to the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating in a lateral direction by a pressure gauge with a scale to obtain a relationship between the pressure value and the frequency signal, and the direction in which the pressure is applied is obtained. Sensitivity, and then the fiber laser pressure sensor can be used for pressure testing; the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating needs to be adjusted to the tested pressure direction before the pressure test.
- the step S1 is specifically:
- Step S12 adjusting the height of the fiber holder again, so that the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is located at a level of the surface of the stage, and loosening the fiber holder to place the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating On the stage.
- Step S2 by applying a lateral pressure on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and reading the beat frequency information on the spectrum analyzer, according to the pre-acquired beat frequency information under the preset sensitivity angle Corresponding to the lateral pressure value, the magnitude of the lateral pressure experienced on the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating is obtained.
- the invention has potential applications in the following fields: (1) high-precision low-pressure sensor: a fiber laser pressure sensor proposed by the present invention tests pressure by means of frequency demodulation, and has high sensitivity, especially in low-voltage sensing; And this fiber laser pressure sensor is easy to manufacture in large quantities. (2) Fiber-optic hydrophone: The fiber-optic laser pressure sensing proposed by the invention can test the underwater sound, and the fiber-optic hydrophone is expected to be under water due to its unique anti-electromagnetic interference and small volume. There are a wide range of applications in anti-detective operations.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
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Abstract
An optical fiber laser pressure sensor, being used in the technical field of optical fiber sensing, an active phase-shift optical fiber Bragg grating (103) is used for receiving a laser optical source sent by a pump laser device (101) and emitting laser light, and the emitted laser light can be reversely transmitted to a wavelength division multiplexer (102) and inputted to an isolator (104) from a port of the wavelength division multiplexer (102); the laser light is subjected to single-phase transmission by means of the isolator (104) and is converted into an electric signal by means of a photoelectric detector (105), and then is transmitted to a frequency spectrum analyzer (106); when receiving the electric signal, the frequency spectrum analyzer (106) records and displays beat frequency information of the laser light in real time; and by applying a pressure to the active phase-shift optical fiber Bragg grating (103), the beat frequency information displayed on the frequency spectrum analyzer (106) can be changed, and in the processing of pressure testing, the magnitude of horizontal pressure is obtained according to the corresponding relationship between the pre-acquired beat frequency information and a horizontal pressure value. A pressure measurement method using the optical fiber laser pressure sensor has high sensitivity and low cost.
Description
本发明属于光纤传感技术领域，尤其涉及一种光纤激光压力传感器及其压力测量方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular relates to a fiber laser pressure sensor and a pressure measuring method thereof.
光纤激光器与传统的半导体激光器相比，具有光纤耦合性好、线宽窄、波长可选择性和高功率等优点。由于光纤的不均匀性、紫外光照射等因素引入双折射，光纤激光器输出的单纵模激光的两偏振态将不再重合。当两个偏振模式都同时满足阈值条件时，将会导致双频输出，会出现拍频现象。如果对相移光栅横向施加压力，会对光栅的两个偏振态产生影响，进而影响拍频信号变化。Compared with traditional semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers have the advantages of good fiber coupling, narrow line width, wavelength selectivity and high power. Due to the inhomogeneity of the optical fiber, ultraviolet light irradiation and other factors, the two polarization states of the single longitudinal mode laser output from the fiber laser will no longer coincide. When both polarization modes meet the threshold condition at the same time, it will lead to dual-frequency output, and the beat phenomenon will occur. If the pressure is applied laterally to the phase shift grating, it will affect the two polarization states of the grating, which will affect the beat signal variation.
目前报道在光纤传感领域内实现压力测试的主要是采用波长解调的方法，这些方法存在不足之处，灵敏度不高、响应慢、低压无法测量、价格昂贵、结构复杂等。At present, it is reported that the stress test in the field of optical fiber sensing mainly adopts the method of wavelength demodulation. These methods have disadvantages such as low sensitivity, slow response, low voltage measurement, high price and complicated structure.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提供一种光纤激光压力传感器及其压力测量方法，旨在采用频率解调的方法，通过对有源相移光纤布拉格光栅横向施加压力，并检测拍频信号的变化进而实现对压力的传感，该测量方法灵敏度高、简单、高效并且成本低。The invention provides a fiber laser pressure sensor and a pressure measuring method thereof, aiming at adopting a frequency demodulation method to realize pressure transmission by applying pressure to an active phase shift fiber Bragg grating laterally and detecting a change of a beat frequency signal. The measurement method is sensitive, simple, efficient, and low in cost.
本发明提供了一种光纤激光压力传感器，包括：泵浦激光器、波分复用器和有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，还包括依次连接的隔离器、光电探测器和频谱分析仪；The invention provides a fiber laser pressure sensor, comprising: a pump laser, a wavelength division multiplexer and an active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and further comprises an isolator, a photodetector and a spectrum analyzer connected in sequence;
所述波分复用器包括：输入端、第一输出端和第二输出端，其中，所述输入端、第二输出端位于所述波分复用器的一侧，所述第一输出端位于所述波分 复用器的另一侧；所述输入端与所述泵浦激光器的输出端连接，所述第一输出端与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的输入端连接，所述第二输出端与所述隔离器的一端连接；The wavelength division multiplexer includes: an input end, a first output end, and a second output end, wherein the input end and the second output end are located at one side of the wavelength division multiplexer, the first output An end is located on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer; the input is coupled to an output of the pump laser, and the first output is coupled to an input of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating The second output end is connected to one end of the isolator;
所述泵浦激光器用于发出激光光源，所述波分复用器用于将所述激光光源泵浦到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅；所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅用于在接收到所述激光光源后，激射激光，并将激射的所述激光逆向传输到所述波分复用器，并从所述波分复用器的第二输出端输入到所述隔离器；所述隔离器用于将所述激光单向传输到所述光电探测器，所述光电探测器用于将所述激光转换为电信号；所述频谱分析仪用于在接收到所述电信号时，实时记录和显示所述激光的拍频信息；并根据预先获取的所述拍频信息和横向压力值的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上所受的横向压力的大小。The pump laser is for emitting a laser light source, the wavelength division multiplexer is for pumping the laser light source to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating; the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is used for receiving After the laser source, lasing the laser and transmitting the lasing laser back to the wavelength division multiplexer and inputting from the second output of the wavelength division multiplexer to the isolator The isolator for unidirectionally transmitting the laser to the photodetector, the photodetector for converting the laser into an electrical signal; the spectrum analyzer for receiving the electrical signal And recording and displaying the beat frequency information of the laser in real time; and obtaining the magnitude of the lateral pressure received on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating according to the correspondence between the beat frequency information and the lateral pressure value acquired in advance.
进一步地，所述光纤激光压力传感器还包括：载物台、辅助光纤和载玻片；Further, the fiber laser pressure sensor further includes: a stage, an auxiliary fiber, and a slide;
所述辅助光纤与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅直径相同，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅和所述辅助光纤平行置于所述载物台上，所述载玻片置于所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅和所述辅助光纤上面，通过施压模块给所述载玻片施加压力；The auxiliary fiber is of the same diameter as the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating and the auxiliary fiber are placed in parallel on the stage, and the slide is placed in the An active phase shifting fiber Bragg grating and the auxiliary fiber are applied to the slide by a pressure applying module;
所述载玻片为石英玻璃片。The slide glass is a quartz glass piece.
进一步地，所述光纤激光压力传感器还包括：光纤支架和光纤夹具，所述光纤夹具为旋转夹具，置于所述光纤支架上；Further, the fiber laser pressure sensor further includes: a fiber holder and a fiber holder, wherein the fiber holder is a rotating fixture and is placed on the fiber holder;
所述光纤支架用于调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的高度；The fiber holder is configured to adjust a height of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating;
所述光纤夹具用于夹持所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅。The fiber clamp is used to clamp the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating.
进一步地，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅为掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，所述掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅激射激光的波长为1550nm。Further, the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is an erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and the wavelength of the erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating laser is 1550 nm.
进一步地，所述泵浦激光器为980nm激光器。Further, the pump laser is a 980 nm laser.
进一步地，所述泵浦激光器的输出端和所述波分复用器的输入端通过第一跳线连接，所述波分复用器的第一输出端与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的输 入端通过第二跳线连接，所述波分复用器的第二输出端与所述隔离器的一端通过第三跳线连接，所述隔离器的另一端与所述光电探测器的输入端通过第四跳线连接，所述光电探测器的输出端与所述频谱分析仪通过射频线缆连接；Further, an output end of the pump laser and an input end of the wavelength division multiplexer are connected by a first jumper, and a first output end of the wavelength division multiplexer and the active phase shift fiber Bragg The input end of the grating is connected by a second jumper, and the second output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to one end of the isolator through a third jumper, the other end of the isolator and the photodetector The input end is connected by a fourth jumper, and the output end of the photodetector is connected to the spectrum analyzer through a radio frequency cable;
所述第一跳线允许传输的激光波长为980nm，所述第二跳线允许传输的激光波长为980nm和1550nm，所述第三跳线允许传输的激光波长为1550nm，所述第四跳线允许传输的激光波长为1550nm。The first jumper allows transmission of a laser wavelength of 980 nm, the second jumper allows transmission of laser wavelengths of 980 nm and 1550 nm, and the third jumper allows transmission of a laser wavelength of 1550 nm, the fourth jumper The laser wavelength allowed to be transmitted is 1550 nm.
进一步地，所述隔离器为偏振相关光隔离器。Further, the isolator is a polarization dependent optical isolator.
进一步地，所述频谱分析仪为即时频谱分析仪或扫瞄调谐频谱分析仪。Further, the spectrum analyzer is a real-time spectrum analyzer or a scan-tuned spectrum analyzer.
本发明还提供了一种光纤激光压力传感器的压力测量方法，包括：The invention also provides a pressure measuring method for a fiber laser pressure sensor, comprising:
步骤S1，调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅至预置灵敏角度；Step S1, adjusting the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating to a preset sensitivity angle;
步骤S2，通过在所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上施加横向压力，并在所述频谱分析仪上读取拍频信息，根据预先获取的在所述预置灵敏角度下所述拍频信息和横向压力值之间的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上所受的横向压力的大小。Step S2, by applying a lateral pressure on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and reading the beat frequency information on the spectrum analyzer, according to the pre-acquired beat frequency information under the preset sensitivity angle Corresponding to the lateral pressure value, the magnitude of the lateral pressure experienced on the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating is obtained.
进一步地，所述步骤S1具体为：Further, the step S1 is specifically:
步骤S11，调整所述光纤支架的高度，使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅脱离所述载物台的水平面，然后旋转所述光纤夹具来旋转所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，直至调整到预置灵敏角度；Step S11, adjusting the height of the fiber holder, disengaging the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating from the horizontal plane of the stage, and then rotating the fiber holder to rotate the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating until adjustment To the preset sensitive angle;
步骤S12，再次调整所述光纤支架的高度，使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅位于所述载物台的水平面高度，松开所述光纤夹具使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅放置于所述载物台上。Step S12, adjusting the height of the fiber holder again, so that the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is located at a level of the surface of the stage, and loosening the fiber holder to place the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating On the stage.
本发明与现有技术相比，有益效果在于：本发明提供的一种光纤激光压力传感器及其压力测量方法，利用有源相移光纤布拉格光栅接收泵浦激光器发出的激光光源，并激射激光，激射的所述激光会逆向传输到波分复用器，并从所述波分复用器的一个端口输入到隔离器；所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的横向方向上所受的横向压力的不同，激射激光的拍频不同；所述激光经过所述隔离 器单相传输，并经过光电探测器转化为电信号后，传输到频谱分析仪；所述频谱分析仪在接收到所述电信号时，实时记录和显示所述激光的拍频信息；并根据预先获取的所述拍频信息和横向压力值的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上所受的横向压力的大小；本发明与现有技术相比，采用频率解调的方法，对有源相移光纤布拉格光栅横向施加压力，通过拍频信号的频率变化进而实现对压力传感；由于有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的双折射受到微小横向压力就会发生变化，因此，该方法灵敏度高，并且简单、高效和成本低。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention provides a fiber laser pressure sensor and a pressure measuring method thereof, which use an active phase shift fiber Bragg grating to receive a laser light source emitted from a pump laser and lasing a laser The lasing laser is reversely transmitted to the wavelength division multiplexer and input from the port of the wavelength division multiplexer to the isolator; the lateral direction of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is received The lateral pressure is different, the beat frequency of the lasing laser is different; the laser is transmitted through the isolator in a single phase, and converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector, and then transmitted to the spectrum analyzer; the spectrum analyzer is received And recording and displaying the beat frequency information of the laser in real time; and obtaining, according to the correspondence between the beat frequency information and the lateral pressure value acquired in advance, the obtained on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating The magnitude of the transverse pressure; the present invention uses a frequency demodulation method to apply a lateral pressure to the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating through the beat signal The frequency variation in turn enables pressure sensing; since the birefringence of the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating is subject to slight lateral pressure changes, the method is highly sensitive, simple, efficient, and low cost.
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种光纤激光压力传感器的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber laser pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是图1提供的一种光纤激光压力传感器的施压区域的相关装置示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a related device of a pressure-applying region of a fiber laser pressure sensor provided in FIG. 1;
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种上述光纤激光压力传感器的压力测量方法的流程示意图；3 is a schematic flow chart of a pressure measuring method for the above-mentioned fiber laser pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的对有源相移光纤布拉格光栅在特定方向施加压力的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of applying pressure to a specific phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating in a specific direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5a是本发明实施例提供的光纤激光压力传感器在不同压力下拍频信号强度变化的示意图；5a is a schematic diagram showing changes in beat signal strength of a fiber laser pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention under different pressures;
图5b是本发明实施例提供的光纤激光压力传感器在不同压力下对应拍频信号的线性拟合结果的示意图。FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram showing the linear fitting result of the corresponding beat signal of the fiber laser pressure sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention under different pressures.
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
由于现有技术中存在利用波长解调的方法进行压力测试时灵敏度不高等问题。Due to the prior art, there is a problem that sensitivity is not high when performing stress test using a method of wavelength demodulation.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提出一种光纤激光压力传感器及其压力测量方法，采用频率解调的方法，对有源相移光纤布拉格光栅横向施加压力，通过拍频信号的频率变化进而实现对压力传感，提高了压力传感灵敏度。In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a fiber laser pressure sensor and a pressure measuring method thereof, which adopts a frequency demodulation method to apply pressure to an active phase shift fiber Bragg grating laterally, and realizes a frequency change by a beat frequency signal. Pressure sensing improves pressure sensing sensitivity.
下面具体介绍本发明实施例提供的一种光纤激光压力传感器，如图1所示，包括：泵浦激光器101、波分复用器102和有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103，还包括依次连接的隔离器104、光电探测器105和频谱分析仪106；A fiber laser pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the invention includes a pump laser 101, a wavelength division multiplexer 102, and an active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103. Isolator 104, photodetector 105 and spectrum analyzer 106;
所述波分复用器102为三端口波分复用器，包括：输入端b1、第一输出端b2和第二输出端b3，其中，所述输入端b1、第二输出端b3位于所述波分复用器的一侧，所述第一输出端b2位于所述波分复用器102的另一侧。所述泵浦激光器101的输出端与所述波分复用器102的输入端之间通过第一跳线连接，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103的输入端c1与所述波分复用器102的第一输出端之间通过第二跳线连接，所述隔离器104的一端与所述波分复用器102的第二输出端b3之间通过第三跳线连接；所述隔离器104的另一端与所述光电探测器105的输入端通过第四跳线连接，所述光电探测器105的输出端与所述频谱分析仪106通过射频线缆连接。The wavelength division multiplexer 102 is a three-port wavelength division multiplexer, including: an input terminal b1, a first output terminal b2, and a second output terminal b3, wherein the input terminal b1 and the second output terminal b3 are located at One side of the wavelength division multiplexer is located on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer 102. An output end of the pump laser 101 and an input end of the wavelength division multiplexer 102 are connected by a first jumper, and an input end c1 of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 is separated from the wave The first output end of the consumer 102 is connected by a second jumper, and one end of the isolator 104 is connected to the second output end b3 of the wavelength division multiplexer 102 by a third jumper; The other end of the isolator 104 is connected to the input end of the photodetector 105 via a fourth jumper, and the output of the photodetector 105 is connected to the spectrum analyzer 106 via a radio frequency cable.
所述泵浦激光器101用于发出激光光源，以发出的所述激光光源作为泵浦光源，经过所述第一跳线传输到所述波分复用器102；所述波分复用器102用于将所述激光光源泵浦到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103，具体地，经过所述波分复用器102的激光光源从所述第一输出端b2输出，并经过所述第二跳线，从所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103的输入端c1进入到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103；所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103用于在接收到所述激光光源后，激射激光，激射的所述激光会发生反射，逆向传输到所述波分复用器102，并从所述波分复用器102的第二输出端b3输入到所述隔离器104。具体地，逆向传输的所述激光经过所述第二跳线和所述波分复用器102的第一输出端b2进入到所述波分复用器102，并从所述波分复用器102的第二输出端b3输入到所述隔离器。需要说明的是，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103的横向方向上所受 的横向压力不同，激射激光的拍频信号不同。所述隔离器104用于将所述激光单向传输到所述光电探测器105，所述光电探测器105用于将所述激光转换为电信号；所述频谱分析仪106用于在接收到所述电信号时，实时记录、监测和显示所述激光的拍频信息；并根据预先获取的所述拍频信息和横向压力值的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103上所受的横向压力的大小。The pump laser 101 is configured to emit a laser light source, and the emitted laser light source is used as a pump light source, and is transmitted to the wavelength division multiplexer 102 via the first jumper; the wavelength division multiplexer 102 For pumping the laser source to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103, specifically, a laser source passing through the wavelength division multiplexer 102 is output from the first output terminal b2 and passes through a second jumper from the input c1 of the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating 103 to the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating 103; the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating 103 is used to receive the After the laser source, the lasing laser, the lasing laser, is reflected, reversely transmitted to the wavelength division multiplexer 102, and input from the second output terminal b3 of the wavelength division multiplexer 102 to the Isolator 104. Specifically, the laser light that is reversely transmitted enters the wavelength division multiplexer 102 through the second jumper and the first output terminal b2 of the wavelength division multiplexer 102, and is multiplexed from the wavelength division multiplexer The second output b3 of the device 102 is input to the isolator. It should be noted that the lateral phase pressure of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 is different in the lateral direction, and the beat signal of the lasing laser is different. The isolator 104 is configured to unidirectionally transmit the laser to the photodetector 105, the photodetector 105 is configured to convert the laser into an electrical signal; the spectrum analyzer 106 is configured to receive And recording, monitoring, and displaying the beat frequency information of the laser in real time; and obtaining the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 according to the corresponding relationship between the beat frequency information and the lateral pressure value acquired in advance; The magnitude of the lateral pressure received.
需要说明的是，所述拍频信息指的是拍频信号的频率信息；所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103上不施加压力时，所述频谱分析仪106上显示一个起始的拍频信息，通过在所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103上施加压力，所述拍频信息会发生变化；通过事先获取拍频信息和横向压力值的对应关系，那么，在实际测量时，通过读取所述频谱分析仪106上的拍频信息，并结合所述对应关系，即可获取到对应的横向压力值。It should be noted that the beat frequency information refers to the frequency information of the beat frequency signal; when no pressure is applied to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103, the spectrum analyzer 106 displays an initial beat frequency. Information, the beat frequency information is changed by applying pressure on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103; by acquiring the correspondence between the beat frequency information and the lateral pressure value in advance, then, in actual measurement, by reading Taking the beat frequency information on the spectrum analyzer 106 and combining the corresponding relationship, the corresponding lateral pressure value can be obtained.
具体地，本发明实施例提供的所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103为掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，可以是低掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅或高掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，所述掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅激射激光的波长为1550nm；本发明实施例提供的所述泵浦激光器101为980nm激光器，所述隔离器104为偏振相关光隔离器，所述光电探测器105为高速光电探测器，所述频谱分析仪106为即时频谱分析仪或扫瞄调谐频谱分析仪。Specifically, the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is an erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, which may be a low erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating or a high erbium-doped active phase shift. The wavelength of the erbium-doped active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating laser is 1550 nm. The pump laser 101 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a 980 nm laser, and the isolator 104 is a polarization-dependent optical isolator. The photodetector 105 is a high speed photodetector, and the spectrum analyzer 106 is a real-time spectrum analyzer or a scan-tuned spectrum analyzer.
具体地，本发明实施例提供的所述第一跳线只允许波长为980nm的激光传输，所述第二跳线只允许波长为980nm和1550nm的激光传输，所述第三跳线只允许波长为1550nm的激光传输，所述第四跳线只允许波长为1550nm的激光传输。Specifically, the first jumper provided by the embodiment of the present invention only allows laser transmission with a wavelength of 980 nm, and the second jumper only allows laser transmission of wavelengths of 980 nm and 1550 nm, and the third jumper only allows wavelengths. For 1550 nm laser transmission, the fourth jumper only allows laser transmission at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
需要说明的是，本发明以所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103作为传感部位；具体地，通过给所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103施加横向压力，并利用所述光纤激光压力传感器对施加的横向压力进行检测。It should be noted that the present invention uses the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 as a sensing portion; specifically, by applying lateral pressure to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103, and using the fiber laser pressure sensor The applied lateral pressure is detected.
具体地，如图2所示，所述光纤激光压力传感器还包括：载物台107、辅助光纤108和载玻片109，所述载物台107为恒温载物台，所述辅助光纤108 与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103直径相同，用于水平支撑所述载玻片109。具体地，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103和所述辅助光纤108平行置于所述载物台107上，所述载玻片109为石英玻璃片，置于所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103和所述辅助光纤108上面，通过施压模块110可以给所述载玻片109施加不同的压力，实现压力测试；需要说明的是，所述施压模块110是代表任何能够提供压力的物体。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the fiber laser pressure sensor further includes: a stage 107, an auxiliary fiber 108, and a slide glass 109. The stage 107 is a constant temperature stage, and the auxiliary fiber 108 is The active phase shift fiber Bragg gratings 103 have the same diameter for horizontally supporting the slides 109. Specifically, the active phase shifting fiber Bragg grating 103 and the auxiliary optical fiber 108 are placed in parallel on the stage 107, and the slide glass 109 is a quartz glass piece placed on the active phase shifting fiber. Above the Bragg grating 103 and the auxiliary optical fiber 108, different pressures can be applied to the slide glass 109 by the pressure applying module 110 to implement a pressure test; it should be noted that the pressure applying module 110 represents any pressure capable of providing Object.
需要说明的是，所述载玻片109是为了辅助施加压力给所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103的。因为如果没有载玻片109，施加压力直接作用在有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103上，一方面，受力面很小(有源相移光纤布拉格光栅直径大约为125um)，不好控制；另一方面，有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103是圆柱形的，施力过程会移动。另外，事实上所述载玻片109可用类似载玻片这样的平板替代。It should be noted that the slide glass 109 is for assisting the application of pressure to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103. Because if there is no slide 109, the applied pressure acts directly on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103. On the one hand, the force surface is small (the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating diameter is about 125 um), which is not well controlled; In one aspect, the active phase shifting fiber Bragg grating 103 is cylindrical and the force application process moves. Additionally, in fact the slide 109 can be replaced with a flat panel like a slide.
进一步地，所述光纤激光压力传感器还包括：光纤支架和光纤夹具，图中未示出，所述光纤夹具为旋转夹具，置于所述光纤支架上；所述光纤支架为方座支架或者三角支架的一种，用于调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103的高度，所述光纤夹具用于夹持所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103。具体地，由于在利用所述光纤激光压力传感器进行测量之前，需要调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅103的角度，不同角度横向压力的受力方向不同，灵敏度也不同，本发明实施例是利用所述光纤支架和光纤夹具配合进行调整。Further, the fiber laser pressure sensor further includes: a fiber holder and a fiber holder, which are not shown in the figure, the fiber holder is a rotating fixture placed on the fiber holder; the fiber holder is a square bracket or a triangle A type of bracket for adjusting the height of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103 for holding the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating 103. Specifically, since the angle of the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating 103 needs to be adjusted before the measurement is performed by using the fiber laser pressure sensor, the direction of the lateral pressure of the different angles is different, and the sensitivity is also different. Adjustment is made by using the fiber holder and the fiber holder.
下面具体介绍本发明实施例提供的一种上述光纤激光压力传感器的压力测量方法，如图3所示，包括：The pressure measurement method of the above-mentioned fiber laser pressure sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
步骤S1，调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅至预置灵敏角度；Step S1, adjusting the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating to a preset sensitivity angle;
下面先具体说明根据拍频信号计算得到压力值的理论推导过程：The following is a detailed description of the theoretical derivation process for calculating the pressure value based on the beat frequency signal:
根据频谱分析仪监测拍频信号的变化，进而可以判定激射激光的偏振态，其中拍频信号满足公式：According to the spectrum analyzer, the change of the beat signal is monitored, and then the polarization state of the lasing laser can be determined, wherein the beat signal satisfies the formula:
其中，f
x，f
y分别为两个相互垂直偏振态所对应的频率；n
x，n
y分别为两个相互垂直偏振态所对应的折射率，分别定义为慢轴和快轴(n
x>n
y)，如图4所示；n
0为平均折射率，c为光速，λ为激光中心波长，B称为双折射度。因此，可以通过频谱分析仪观测拍频信号的变化(强度，位置)，进而就可以判定B的大小，随着施加不同的压力F，双折射度B不断发生变化，其中满足：
Where f x and f y are respectively frequencies corresponding to two mutually perpendicular polarization states; n x , n y are respectively refractive indices corresponding to two mutually perpendicular polarization states, respectively defined as a slow axis and a fast axis (n x >n y ), as shown in Figure 4; n 0 is the average refractive index, c is the speed of light, λ is the laser center wavelength, and B is called the degree of birefringence. Therefore, the spectrum analyzer can observe the change (intensity, position) of the beat signal, and then the size of B can be determined. With the application of different pressure F, the degree of birefringence B constantly changes, which satisfies:
其中，n
0为光栅的平均有效折射率，p
11,p
12为光栅的弹光系数，v
p为泊松比，F为横向压力，r为光栅的直径，E为杨氏模场；θ为施加压力F方向与n
x的夹角，如图4所示，这里取θ＝0°，即施加压力F方向是沿着n
x轴(慢轴)方向的；δB的变化会引起拍频信号的变化，满足：
Where n 0 is the average effective refractive index of the grating, p 11 , p 12 is the elastic coefficient of the grating, v p is the Poisson's ratio, F is the transverse pressure, r is the diameter of the grating, and E is the Young's mode field; In order to apply the angle between the pressure F direction and n x , as shown in Fig. 4, θ = 0°, that is, the applied pressure F direction is along the n x axis (slow axis) direction; the change of δB causes the beat frequency The change in signal satisfies:
其中，Δf'为拍频信号的变化值，L为光栅的长度，Leff为相移区的有效长度；通过公式(1)、(2)、(3)可以得出拍频信号的变化δB与施加压力F之间的关系，具体来说，如果双折射度δB发生变化，会引起拍频信号的变化，如公式(3)，而根据δB与施加压力F之间的关系可以得出施加压力F的值，如公式(2)。Where Δf' is the change value of the beat signal, L is the length of the grating, and Leff is the effective length of the phase shift region; the variation δB of the beat signal can be obtained by the formulas (1), (2), and (3) The relationship between the applied pressure F, specifically, if the degree of birefringence δB changes, causes a change in the beat signal, as in equation (3), and the applied pressure can be derived from the relationship between δB and the applied pressure F. The value of F, as in formula (2).
下面再具体介绍在实际进行压力测试前所做的准备工作：The following is a detailed description of the preparations made before the actual stress test:
由于在所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的侧面方向上施加压力时，不同侧面方向压力的灵敏度不同，我们在进行压力测量之前，需要测出所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅在某一方向的灵敏度。具体做法：通过带有刻度的压力计在某一横向方向上对所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅施加压力，得出压力值和频率信号之间的关系，并得出在该压力施加方向的灵敏度，进而就可以用这个光纤激光压力传感器去进行压力测试；在进行压力测试前，需要将所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅调整至测试过的该压力施压方向。Since the sensitivity of the pressure in different lateral directions is different when pressure is applied in the lateral direction of the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating, we need to measure the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating in a certain direction before performing pressure measurement. Sensitivity. Specifically, pressure is applied to the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating in a lateral direction by a pressure gauge with a scale to obtain a relationship between the pressure value and the frequency signal, and the direction in which the pressure is applied is obtained. Sensitivity, and then the fiber laser pressure sensor can be used for pressure testing; the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating needs to be adjusted to the tested pressure direction before the pressure test.
本发明实施例列举了沿n
x轴(慢轴)方向灵敏度的测试过程，如图5a-b所示为光纤激光压力传感器在不同压力下拍频信号变化及线性拟合结果，可以看 出压力F从0N到2.91N变化时，拍频信号向高频方向移动，从182.07MHz飘移到364.37MHz。对实验数据进行线性拟合处理后，得出横向压力灵敏度达到61.4MHz/(N/mm)，其中，y＝182.07+61.4*x，为拟合的在该方向下拍频信息和横向压力值之间的对应关系，x代表横向压力值，y代表对应的拍频信号的频率信息。需要说明的是：这里只给出了沿着n
x轴(慢轴)方向灵敏度的值，事实上，改变施力方向即θ取不同的值，采用相同的测试方法，可以得到不同施力方向下的横向压力灵敏度。
The embodiment of the present invention enumerates the test process of sensitivity along the n x axis (slow axis) direction, as shown in FIG. 5a-b, the beat signal signal variation and linear fitting result of the fiber laser pressure sensor under different pressures, and the pressure can be seen. When F changes from 0N to 2.91N, the beat signal moves in the high frequency direction, drifting from 182.07 MHz to 364.37 MHz. After linear fitting of the experimental data, the lateral pressure sensitivity is 61.4MHz/(N/mm), where y=182.07+61.4*x is the fitted beat frequency information and lateral pressure value in this direction. Correspondence between them, x represents the lateral pressure value, and y represents the frequency information of the corresponding beat signal. It should be noted that only the value of the sensitivity along the n x axis (slow axis) is given here. In fact, changing the direction of the applied force, that is, θ takes different values, and different force directions can be obtained by the same test method. Lateral lateral pressure sensitivity.
所述步骤S1具体为：The step S1 is specifically:
步骤S11，调整所述光纤支架的高度，使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅脱离所述载物台的水平面，然后旋转所述光纤夹具来旋转所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，直至调整到预置灵敏角度；Step S11, adjusting the height of the fiber holder, disengaging the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating from the horizontal plane of the stage, and then rotating the fiber holder to rotate the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating until adjustment To the preset sensitive angle;
步骤S12，再次调整所述光纤支架的高度，使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅位于所述载物台的水平面高度，松开所述光纤夹具使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅放置于所述载物台上。Step S12, adjusting the height of the fiber holder again, so that the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is located at a level of the surface of the stage, and loosening the fiber holder to place the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating On the stage.
步骤S2，通过在所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上施加横向压力，并在所述频谱分析仪上读取拍频信息，根据预先获取的在所述预置灵敏角度下所述拍频信息和横向压力值之间的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上所受的横向压力的大小。Step S2, by applying a lateral pressure on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and reading the beat frequency information on the spectrum analyzer, according to the pre-acquired beat frequency information under the preset sensitivity angle Corresponding to the lateral pressure value, the magnitude of the lateral pressure experienced on the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating is obtained.
本发明在以下领域有潜在的应用：(1)高精度低压传感器：本发明提出的一种光纤激光压力传感器通过频率解调的方法对压力进行测试，其灵敏度高，尤其是低压传感方面；并且这种光纤激光压力传感器易于大批量制造。(2)光纤水听器：本发明提出的一种光纤激光压力传感可以对水下声音进行测试，光纤水听器由于其特有的抗电磁干扰、体积小等特点，使其有望在水下反侦探作战中有广泛的应用。The invention has potential applications in the following fields: (1) high-precision low-pressure sensor: a fiber laser pressure sensor proposed by the present invention tests pressure by means of frequency demodulation, and has high sensitivity, especially in low-voltage sensing; And this fiber laser pressure sensor is easy to manufacture in large quantities. (2) Fiber-optic hydrophone: The fiber-optic laser pressure sensing proposed by the invention can test the underwater sound, and the fiber-optic hydrophone is expected to be under water due to its unique anti-electromagnetic interference and small volume. There are a wide range of applications in anti-detective operations.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.
Claims (10)
- 一种光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，包括：泵浦激光器、波分复用器和有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，还包括依次连接的隔离器、光电探测器和频谱分析仪；A fiber laser pressure sensor, comprising: a pump laser, a wavelength division multiplexer and an active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and further comprises an isolator, a photodetector and a spectrum analyzer connected in sequence;所述波分复用器包括：输入端、第一输出端和第二输出端，其中，所述输入端、第二输出端位于所述波分复用器的一侧，所述第一输出端位于所述波分复用器的另一侧；所述输入端与所述泵浦激光器的输出端连接，所述第一输出端与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的输入端连接，所述第二输出端与所述隔离器的一端连接；The wavelength division multiplexer includes: an input end, a first output end, and a second output end, wherein the input end and the second output end are located at one side of the wavelength division multiplexer, the first output An end is located on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer; the input is coupled to an output of the pump laser, and the first output is coupled to an input of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating The second output end is connected to one end of the isolator;所述泵浦激光器用于发出激光光源，所述波分复用器用于将所述激光光源泵浦到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅；所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅用于在接收到所述激光光源后，激射激光，并将激射的所述激光逆向传输到所述波分复用器，并从所述波分复用器的第二输出端输入到所述隔离器；所述隔离器用于将所述激光单向传输到所述光电探测器，所述光电探测器用于将所述激光转换为电信号；所述频谱分析仪用于在接收到所述电信号时，实时记录和显示所述激光的拍频信息；并根据预先获取的所述拍频信息和横向压力值的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上所受的横向压力的大小。The pump laser is for emitting a laser light source, the wavelength division multiplexer is for pumping the laser light source to the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating; the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is used for receiving After the laser source, lasing the laser and transmitting the lasing laser back to the wavelength division multiplexer and inputting from the second output of the wavelength division multiplexer to the isolator The isolator for unidirectionally transmitting the laser to the photodetector, the photodetector for converting the laser into an electrical signal; the spectrum analyzer for receiving the electrical signal And recording and displaying the beat frequency information of the laser in real time; and obtaining the magnitude of the lateral pressure received on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating according to the correspondence between the beat frequency information and the lateral pressure value acquired in advance.
- 如权利要求1所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述光纤激光压力传感器还包括：载物台、辅助光纤和载玻片；The fiber laser pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein the fiber laser pressure sensor further comprises: a stage, an auxiliary fiber and a slide;所述辅助光纤与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅直径相同，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅和所述辅助光纤平行置于所述载物台上，所述载玻片置于所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅和所述辅助光纤上面，通过施压模块给所述载玻片施加压力；The auxiliary fiber is of the same diameter as the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating and the auxiliary fiber are placed in parallel on the stage, and the slide is placed in the An active phase shifting fiber Bragg grating and the auxiliary fiber are applied to the slide by a pressure applying module;所述载玻片为石英玻璃片。The slide glass is a quartz glass piece.
- 如权利要求2所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述光纤激光压力传感器还包括：光纤支架和光纤夹具，所述光纤夹具为旋转夹具，置于所 述光纤支架上；The fiber laser pressure sensor according to claim 2, wherein the fiber laser pressure sensor further comprises: a fiber holder and a fiber holder, wherein the fiber holder is a rotating fixture and is placed on the fiber holder;所述光纤支架用于调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的高度；The fiber holder is configured to adjust a height of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating;所述光纤夹具用于夹持所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅。The fiber clamp is used to clamp the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating.
- 如权利要求1所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅为掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，所述掺铒有源相移光纤布拉格光栅激射激光的波长为1550nm。A fiber laser pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein said active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is an erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, said erbium doped active phase shift fiber Bragg grating laser The wavelength is 1550 nm.
- 如权利要求4所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述泵浦激光器为980nm激光器。The fiber laser pressure sensor of claim 4 wherein said pump laser is a 980 nm laser.
- 如权利要求5所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述泵浦激光器的输出端和所述波分复用器的输入端通过第一跳线连接，所述波分复用器的第一输出端与所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅的输入端通过第二跳线连接，所述波分复用器的第二输出端与所述隔离器的一端通过第三跳线连接，所述隔离器的另一端与所述光电探测器的输入端通过第四跳线连接，所述光电探测器的输出端与所述频谱分析仪通过射频线缆连接；A fiber laser pressure sensor according to claim 5, wherein an output of said pump laser and an input of said wavelength division multiplexer are connected by a first jumper, said wavelength division multiplexer The first output end is connected to the input end of the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating through a second jumper, and the second output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to one end of the isolator through a third jumper. The other end of the isolator is connected to the input end of the photodetector through a fourth jumper, and the output end of the photodetector is connected to the spectrum analyzer through a radio frequency cable;所述第一跳线允许传输的激光波长为980nm，所述第二跳线允许传输的激光波长为980nm和1550nm，所述第三跳线允许传输的激光波长为1550nm，所述第四跳线允许传输的激光波长为1550nm。The first jumper allows transmission of a laser wavelength of 980 nm, the second jumper allows transmission of laser wavelengths of 980 nm and 1550 nm, and the third jumper allows transmission of a laser wavelength of 1550 nm, the fourth jumper The laser wavelength allowed to be transmitted is 1550 nm.
- 如权利要求1所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述隔离器为偏振相关光隔离器。The fiber laser pressure sensor of claim 1 wherein said isolator is a polarization dependent optical isolator.
- 如权利要求1所述的光纤激光压力传感器，其特征在于，所述频谱分析仪为即时频谱分析仪或扫瞄调谐频谱分析仪。The fiberoptic laser pressure sensor of claim 1 wherein said spectrum analyzer is a real time spectrum analyzer or a scan tuned spectrum analyzer.
- 一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的光纤激光压力传感器的压力测量方法，其特征在于，包括：A pressure measuring method for a fiber laser pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising:步骤S1，调整所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅至预置灵敏角度；Step S1, adjusting the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating to a preset sensitivity angle;步骤S2，通过在所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上施加横向压力，并在所述频谱分析仪上读取拍频信息，根据预先获取的在所述预置灵敏角度下所述拍频 信息和横向压力值之间的对应关系，得到所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅上所受的横向压力的大小。Step S2, by applying a lateral pressure on the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating, and reading the beat frequency information on the spectrum analyzer, according to the pre-acquired beat frequency information under the preset sensitivity angle Corresponding to the lateral pressure value, the magnitude of the lateral pressure experienced on the active phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating is obtained.
- 如权利要求9所述的压力测量方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1具体为：The pressure measuring method according to claim 9, wherein the step S1 is specifically:步骤S11，调整所述光纤支架的高度，使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅脱离所述载物台的水平面，然后旋转所述光纤夹具来旋转所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅，直至调整到预置灵敏角度；Step S11, adjusting the height of the fiber holder, disengaging the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating from the horizontal plane of the stage, and then rotating the fiber holder to rotate the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating until adjustment To the preset sensitive angle;步骤S12，再次调整所述光纤支架的高度，使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅位于所述载物台的水平面高度，松开所述光纤夹具使所述有源相移光纤布拉格光栅放置于所述载物台上。Step S12, adjusting the height of the fiber holder again, so that the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating is located at a level of the surface of the stage, and loosening the fiber holder to place the active phase shift fiber Bragg grating On the stage.
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