WO2019204885A1

WO2019204885A1 - Method and device for treating bulk materials in an ozone-containing medium

Info

Publication number: WO2019204885A1
Application number: PCT/AZ2018/000015
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ариф Мир Джалал ПАШАЕВ; Тельман Инаят НИЗАМОВ; Энвер Тапдыг ГАЗАРХАНОВ; Энвер Иса ИСАЕВ; Акпер Алиназар АЛИЕВ; Фархад Камал КУЛИЕВ; Самир Рамиз РЗАЕВ; Севиндж Мехти кызы МАМЕДОВОЙ
Original assignee: Национальная Академия Авиации
Priority date: 2018-04-24
Filing date: 2018-06-07
Publication date: 2019-10-31

Abstract

The invention relates to the treatment of bulk materials using ozone-containing media and can be used, inter alia, in agriculture, the food industry and the chemical industry. In the proposed method, an ozone-containing medium is fed into a chamber by means of a hollow perforated shaft of a screw conveyor, wherein the dose is calculated using the formula Q=1.84ρt/h, where h is the specific surface area (kg/m²), ρ is the bulk density (kg/m³) of the material, and t is the exposure time; the concentration of ozone is measured in a recirculating flow, and a moisture content of 95-97% is provided by the injection of a microfine mist. In a device for carrying out the method, the housing of the chamber is cylindrical, and the shaft of the screw is hollow and perforated, the holes growing larger in the direction of movement of the medium toward a closed end connected to an electric drive, blades of the screw are fastened between the edges of the flights of the screw and the surface of the shaft, the open end of the shaft is connected to an outlet of a medium feed means, the inside surfaces of the housing, of the shaft and of the flights are coated with a layer of a polyester urethane compound, and a control system includes a dose calculation unit. The device contains n horizontally arranged housings, and the flights of each consecutive screw conveyor are offset by 180°.

Description

Fire

Method and device for processing bulk materials

in ozone-containing environment

[1] The invention relates to methods and devices for treating bulk solids with a chemical reagent and can be used in various industries - rural households, food processing, and manufacturing, etc.

Technical area

[2] The invention relates to the processing of bulk solids by ozone-containing media (OSS).

State of the art

[8] Processing in LLC of coarse-grained loose bodies - seeds of agricultural crops, food products (root crops, nuts, tea leaves, fodder mixtures, etc.), crushed rocks (brown coal, coke) and other products that are similar in size to them in and materials used to initiate oxidative reactions during disinfection, biostimulation, fermentation, decomposition of impurities, etc.

[4] As gaseous ozone can be used as gaseous (ozone-air, ozone-oxygen, ozone-carbon dioxide), and liquid carriers (flowing and dispersed aqueous solutions),

[5] OSS treatment is carried out at the required dose and using appropriate devices. It is known that the treatment dose (Q, ppm * min) is generally expressed

[6] D-s ^*

[?} where c is the ozone concentration * ppm or mg / i;

[8} Ϊ - exposure time, min,

[9] Since the interaction of ozone with materials during ozonation is primarily surface in nature, the efficiency of the process is characterized by the specific surface area of the processed material.

[10] However, it is obvious that even the same bulk material, at different degrees of granularity of particles, has a significantly different specific surface area, as a result of which it is necessary to process different masses of material. So, the total area of the treated surface (contact area) of tobacco seeds is almost 10 times greater than the surface area of wheat grains However, the mass is lower. Obviously, the larger the contact area, the less c is the mulling effect at the same ozonation dose, therefore, the determination of the optimal dose should have appropriate corrections depending on the specific surface area.

[111] The objective of the invention is a method of establishing an effective dose of ozonation of bulk materials based on their specific surface area, rational supply of reagent to the mass, uniform distribution throughout the volume, their active mixing, providing comprehensive washing complete contact of the material with ozone containing medium,

[12] A known method for determining the mass consumption of ozone (mg / kg) for ozonation of seeds, depending on their mass and specific surface area h (g / ² ) according to the following expression | 1]:

[13] o ^ b

[141 where / 1, 0 kg / m ² is a single indicator;

[15] 0 _о ~ О _: 984 mg / kg - specific unit dose;

£ 18) h ~ m / S is the specific surface area of a particular seed variety {kg / m ² }, defined as the ratio of the mass of a thousand seeds t (kg) to the total area of their seed surface S (m ² ).

[17] The disadvantage of this method for determining the dose of ozonation is the lack of data on the required dose or concentration of ozone (in mg / m ³ or pm) in the medium when processing a specific seed variety. The value of the ozone mass consumed for a given seed mass will constantly change, but how to organize the process it is necessary to know the dose (ozone concentration and exposure time),

[18] A device for seed ozonation is known, including placing a perforated pipe in a closed volume of the seed mass, creating and blowing the ozone-gas mixture through the perforated pipe into the seed mass, selecting, after blowing the secondary ozone, the gas mixture and its reuse. Placement of the perforated pipe is done by alternately joining the nth number of perforated pipes when they are lowered. The size of the holes in the pipes is laid out increasing in the direction of movement of the ozone-gas mixture. The treatment is carried out with an ozone-gas mixture, which is produced by mixing the ozone-oxygen mixture obtained in the ozonizer installation with a carrier gas, At the same time creating pressure and concentration for processing, Ozone generated in an ozone-gas installation is obtained at a concentration of 90-200 r / kg '. When a secondary ozone-gas mixture is used for processing objects, it is fed and mixed with the newly created ozone-oxygen mixture after the last one leaves the ozonation unit in the amount necessary to maintain a constant concentration of ozone in the ozone-gas mixture while processing the objects. After treatment, the residual ozone-gas mixture is decomposed in a destructor, [23. 19 | The disadvantages of this device are the uneven processing of the entire volume, the inability to comprehensively distribute and accurately determine the concentration of ozone in the horizontal layers of the volume; there is no dose according to the particular seed variety being processed; applicability only in the case of static storage of seeds in a closed volume and the impossibility of stream processing with the continuous supply of bulk batches of seed.

[20] In addition, this device implies its use for a small volume of processed seed mass. In fact, only those seeds that are located in the immediate vicinity of the perforated tube are subjected to treatment _* because of the pressure drop, relatively distant seeds remain outside the reach of the reagent. As a possible solution, the authors propose the parallel placement of several pipes in different zones of the total mass of seeds. However, the stationary position of even several pipes for supplying the ozone-oxygen mixture in the absence of seed mixing will not ensure complete washing off of the surface of the statically located seed. To facilitate the movement of pipes vertically in the thickness of the seeds, the ends of the pipes are made in the form of a screw, but the difficulty in terms of conditions and designs complicate the joining of the pipes together. Also, this device does not provide moisture control of the processed mass.

[21] Closest to the claimed invention is a method for the continuous processing of bulk materials in a hermetically sealed chamber with an ozone-containing medium, comprising supplying an ozone source from a source, a selected concentration, recirculating the medium through the outlet pipe, setting the exposure time, moving the material to chamber from the input hopper to the output screw conveyor, equipped with nozzles for mixing the material, humidification, destruction of the medium and control [3], {22] In order to reduce friction, a protective coating is applied to the peripheral part of the turns of the screw and to the bottom of the semi-cylindrical body in the contact area with the auger. The turns have horizontal blades to improve mixing of the transported product with ozone.

[23] Closest to the claimed invention is a device for the continuous processing of bulk materials in an ozone-containing medium, including a pressurized chamber with an inlet and outlet hopper, moving a screw conveyor connected to an electric drive, and equipped with nozzles mixing material in the turns of the screw, protective coating, ozone source * medium supply and recirculation medium from the outlet of the outlet pipe, water injector, destructive control system [3].

{24] For processing, the product is fed into the inlet hopper, from where it is filled by means of controlled hopper valves and a sealed chamber with an ozone-containing medium of a selected concentration under pressure, where it is moistened with a water injector if necessary and is in contact with primary ozone fed into the interior of the chamber with the ozone generator is moved by a screw conveyor to the outlet hopper and, in the process of contact, the OSS is mixed by the blades located on the turns of the screw.

[Ozone is introduced into the chamber through nozzles located in part or along the entire length along the bottom of the gutter. Nozzles can also be located at the inlet end, when the material enters the chambers and at the outlet end and at the atom, the medium can move against the current of the material. The ozone-containing medium circulates through the outlet pipe located in the upper part of the chamber near the outlet or at the ends and is mixed with ozone from the generator outlet, which ensures the maintenance of a high concentration inside the chamber during the entire processing process. The rotational speed of the drive is adjusted so as to ensure that the material is in the chamber for a given exposure time. The exposure time & chamber is from 1Q min to an hour, the concentration varies from 30 ... 90 g / m ³ . At the end of the treatment, residual ozone is removed and decomposed in the destructor.

[261 Controlled parameters of the processing process by the device are: exposure time (product residence time in the chamber), provided by controlling the rotation speed of the auger conveyor electric drive, humidity level provided by controlling the water injection injector into the chamber, the total percentage of ozone to the mass of the product that is controlled will affect the ozone generator and the circulation system,

27 | A disadvantage of this method is the wide range of concentrations of ozone ^{(30, 90} g / m ³⁾ and exposure time (from 5 minutes to one hour). The absence of multiple doses of ozonation and the exposure time do not allow one to choose a specific optimal regimen. The method for monitoring the uniformity of the ozone-containing medium throughout the entire chamber volume is not indicated. When the chamber is fully loaded with material, inaccessible areas are present by blowing and comprehensive washing of the material in an ozone-containing medium is not ensured. There is no expression for determining the dose in accordance with the specific material being processed.

[28] The disadvantage of this device is the presence of inaccessible areas where the material remains outside of movement and mixing; the placement of ozone supply nozzles in the lower part of the chamber and due to the same directivity of the injection, the greatest contact of the granular mass with ozone will occur only in the bottom zone of the chamber, which causes one-sided blowing of the material, which will lead to uneven processing. Effective flushing in the OSS will be ensured only if the chamber is not filled (less than half) with a granular mass, which results in low productivity of the device. The indicated features limit the total volume of the processed mass, thereby reducing productivity.

[29] Another disadvantage of the device is the horizontal arrangement of nozzles ("blades"), introduced to improve the lability of the processed mass. A similar arrangement of nozzles and their flat design in the form of blades do not exclude the risk of mechanical damage to the material during processing of fresh masses, for example, seed (seeds, root crops, nuts, etc.)

[30] The application of a protective antifriction coating only on the peripheral part of the turns of the screw on the bottom of the chamber does not protect the remaining surface · coils and the entire inner surface of the chamber, which also undergoes abrasion, during wear from material transportation. In addition, the energy consumption of the process increases, while the operating time is reduced

[31] Another disadvantage of this device is the irrational use of OSS. Since the material, when passing through the interior of the chamber, is not sufficiently washed by an ozone-containing gaseous medium, This GCC feed principle increases the overall energy intensity of the system due to the high costs of ozone generation. The principle and place of monitoring the ozone concentration in the chamber is not indicated.

p2 | Another disadvantage of the device is the presence of a chamber consisting of airtight bins and a tight-fitting top cover, which complicates the design and operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[33] In practice, for the effective processing of industrial volumes in the OSS, a reasonable and affordable way to determine the affective dose of ozonation for bulk material of a specific granular network, rational supply of reagent to the mass and their active mixing, which ensures more uniform and uniform washing of the material, is required active medium without mechanical damage.

[34] The novelty of the proposed solution lies in the fact that the calculation of the dose of ozone (O. rrthmin) is made according to the expression ·

[35] Q ~ 1, S4pt / h

[36} where h ~ m / S is the specific surface area of a particular seed variety (kg / m ² ), defined as the ratio of the mass of a thousand seeds t (kg) to the total surface area

[37] b - bulk density of seeds, kg / m ³ ;

[38] = 20 min ~ exposure time.

[39] The novelty of the proposed solution also lies in the fact that OSS is fed through the perforated holes of the screw shaft providing uniform distribution and comprehensive washing, re-enrichment and active mixing with granular material.

Technical problem

[40} It is obvious that the absence of a specific dose of ozone corresponding to the material of this granulation can lead to low processing efficiency due to insufficient treatment dose or the risk of damage to the material as a result of their excessive exposure. Along with this, the lack of continuous and complete washing off of all OSS masses may result in low processing efficiency due to insufficient dose and uneven processing. The solution of the problem

[41] The objective of the invention is a method and device that determines the optimal processing mode for a particular culture and the conditions for continuous and comprehensive processing of bulk mass LLC, increasing the quality and productivity of the process

142] The problem is solved in that in a method for the continuous processing of bulk materials in a hermetically sealed chamber about an ozone-containing medium, comprising supplying a selected concentration from an ozone source, recirculating the medium, setting the exposure time, moving the material in the chamber from the input hopper to the output screw conveyor, equipped with blades, mixed material, moistening, surface protection and degradation of the medium, so that the medium is supplied from the ozone source to the open end of the hollow perf oriented screw conveyor shaft through openings, the diameter of which increases in the direction of the medium, the dose is calculated by the expression Q 1.84pi / h, where h ~ specific surface area {kg / m ² } and p bulk density (kg / m ³ ) material, i - exposure time, ozone concentration is monitored at the outlet of the outlet pipe in a recirculation stream, and mixing is carried out with blades fixed between the edges of the screw and the shaft surface, and humidification is performed by injection of micro-mist, the reason m protective coating is applied over the entire surface within the chamber, a perforated shaft and the screw turns.

[43] Take as a basis the expression * that determines the mass of ozone required per unit mass of material:

[44] D ~ hoD; J

[45] where, 0 kg / m ² is a single indicator, D ₀ ~ iX284 mg / kg is the specific unit dose, and b is the specific surface area (kg / m ² ).

[46] Convert it to the form expressing the dose of treatment Q:

[47] Q-Dmt / V]

[48] where t is the mass of the processed bulk material, kg

[4S] ί ~ exposure time, in

[50] V is the volume of the processed material, m ³

[51] The t / U ratio is nothing more than the bulk density of the material, kg / m ³ , and the product D _s / podes "" represents a constant equal to C rf84 mg / m ² . Teachers vaya _; that the concentration of ozone in 1 ppm is 2.14 mg / m ³ we bring the expression to the form:

[52] Q-Dmi / V-hoDopi ^ r-0, 984pt h (max min / m ³ ) or

[53] Q ~ 0 _: 984pt / (2, 14h} ~ 1.84pi / h (rrthmin)

[54] From here finally Q-l, 84pt h (rrthmin)

[55] The ozonation process can be carried out at a humidity of 95-97% using a water injector.

b Щ At an exposure of less than 10 min, due to natural biochemical reactions, the stimulation is insignificant, and with an increase in exposure it intensifies. Exposure over 50 minutes does not seem appropriate because of the acceleration of the inevitable half-life of ozone and the risk of inhibition _: seeds. Therefore, we set the exposure time to == 20 minutes.

[57] The problem is solved in that in a device for the continuous processing of bulk materials in an ozone-containing medium, including a sealed chamber with an inlet and outlet hopper, moving a screw conveyor connected to an electric drive, and equipped with material mixing blades on the auger turns, protective coating, ozone source, means of supply and recirculation ”of the medium from the outlet of the outlet pipe, water injector, destructor, control system,

The chamber is used as a cylindrical body, the screw shaft is hollow and perforated with holes whose diameter increases in the direction of the medium moving towards the blind end of the shaft, the blades are fixed to the edges of the screw turns, the open side of the shaft is connected to the outlet of the medium supply means , the first and second input of which is connected to the ozone source and to the first output of the three-way valve, the second output and the input of the latter are connected to the destructor and the outlet pipe, the water injector is made in the form of a microdieperon fog The specimen, and the internal ones on top of the ^" " shaft, shaft and turns of the screw conveyor are covered with a protective layer, and a dose calculation unit is additionally introduced into the control system.

[58] Polyefmruretan compound was used as a protective coating.

[59] A dose calculation unit has been introduced to calculate the effective treatment dose (rrthmin) for a particular material. The input data for the calculation are the specific surface area (kg / m ² ), bulk density and exposure time. [601 A device may contain n enclosures placed horizontally one below the other, open and blind ends? the shafts of which are connected to the output of the product by ozone pods and an electric drive, and the turns of each subsequent screw conveyor are installed with an offset of 180 ^° . By changing the direction of movement and mixing, the washing away of the material is improved.

Advantages of the Invention

[61 J Using this method and device will allow you to quickly calculate the optimal dose of ozonation, rationally apply the uniform distribution throughout the volume to the inside of the body and mix thoroughly to ensure that the OSS material is washed away more effectively and penetrates through the pores, thereby improving quality and productivity processing

[621 The supply of ozone through the holes of a rotating perforated shaft with a change in the direction of movement of the auger conveyor determines the all-round blowing of the product and provides effective bathtub washing with ozone when the tower (over half) fills the chamber with bulk material, which increases the productivity of the device.

| 63] The oblique arrangement of the blades between the turn and the shaft improves the mashability of the treated mass and excludes the possibility of mechanical deposition during processing of the material (seeds, grain, root crops, nuts, etc.) _; which expands the scope of the device.

[64] Repeated use of the residual ozone-containing medium by re-enriching it with ozone and passing through the interior of the chamber reduces the energy intensity of the processing process.

[65] The application of a protective coating to the inner surface of the shaft increases the durability of the device.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[66] The structural diagram of the inventive device is shown in the figure:

[67] The device includes a sealed housing 1 with a screw 2 located inside, on a perforated pipe 3, with nozzles 4 connected to an electric drive 7, a feed hopper 5 for material into the chamber and a hopper for unloading 6 material from the chamber, means for supplying ozone-containing medium 9 by three-way valve 10 from the hollow pipe 12 and the ozone source 11, a device for monitoring the concentration of ozone 15 in the chamber i, connected to the dose calculation unit 16, the ozone destructor 8, the injector 13, the sealed partition 14.

The implementation of the invention

[68] The device operates as follows, in the case 1 from the input 5 is fed the processed material, transported to the output § screw 2, the shaft 2 which rotates from the electric drive 7. The ozone-containing medium is introduced into the chamber 1 by supplying to the open end of the shaft from the ozone supply means 5 from the ozone source 11, through the openings of the perforated shaft 3. The ozone-containing medium is discharged from the chamber through the exhaust pipes 12 and is fed through a three-way valve 10 for secondary enrichment in the preparation unit of the initial mixture 11 and subsequent supply to the chamber. During processing, the material is mixed with inclined blades 4. Upon reaching the exit of the casing, the treated mass is poured out _. Microdispersed water fog can be injected into the chamber through the injection 13.

[69] To calculate the effective dose for processing a specific material (rrthmy), a computational unit / b is provided. Input data for the calculation are the specific surface area (kg / m ² ), bulk density and exposure time.

[70] At the end of processing, the spent medium is discharged to the destructor 7 and decomposes to a safe level.

Examples

[71] Example 1 For presowing stimulation of corn grains and unit dose calculation are introduced specific surface area [kg / m ² ), bulk density and exposure time, where the dose of ozone is determined by the expression:

Q ~ 1, 84рр /? ~ 1, 84 820 ^* 20/1, 94-15560 rrthmin, where D ~ 1, 94 kg / m ² is the specific surface area of seeds, p ~ 820 kg / m ³ is the bulk density of corn seeds , the exposure time 1 ^ 20 min is determined by the number of revolutions of rotation of the screw,

[72] Grain is poured into the chambers 1, where OS C is fed through the open end and the perforated holes of the shaft 3 of the screw conveyor 2. The electric drive 7 communicates the screw 2 with a predetermined speed During the OSS contact, the material is transported and is actively mixed with the blades 4. The OCG from the supply means 9 and the three-way valve 10 after the annual enrichment from the ozone source 11 are cyclically fed into the chamber. The mass of grain, having reached the output hopper of the chamber, is sent through the input hopper to a similar underlying chamber, the screw conveyor of which rotates in the opposite direction. By when the second chamber reaches the exit, the processed grain is poured into the next chamber and the process is repeated and poured out at the end of the process. The residual OSS through a three-way valve 10 is fed and decomposed into the destructor 7.

[73] Example 2 For the processing of sugar beet seeds, the process is carried out analogously to example 1, and for beet seeds 0-0.99 kg / m ² , p-550 kg / m ³ . Therefore, Q ~ 1, 84pt / ~ 1, 84 ^* 550 ^* 20 / 0.99-20450 ppm,

Industrial applicability

[74] The claimed technical solution meets the criterion of industrial applicability, as it uses publicly available environmentally friendly substances, which ensures the possibility of wide industrial use in any agricultural enterprise.

List of star signs

[75J 1, Norsov Dmitry Alexandrovich, Electrozonal technologies in seed production and beekeeping. Abstract of dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences, Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Kuban State Agrarian University”, Krasnodar, 2009, p. 14-16.

[76] 2. Patent RU2315480C1. Method and complex for processing grain, seeds and premises with ozone. Yu. M. Luzhkov et al., 2006,

[77] 3. VVO2016162509 A1. Method for the eontinuous ozone-based treatment of particuiate products, arid corresponding device. Olivier Lepez, Philippe Sajet, Thierry Aussenac, Christian Coste, Cyril Druon, Tatiana Guzun, 2016

[78] 4. ART 2006 0022. Sealing polysfiruretan varnish compound. Pashayev A.M., Nizamoov T.I. and coast., 2006

Claims

Method and device for processing bulk materials

in ozone-containing environment

Formula

| 1] A method for the continuous processing of bulk materials in a hermetically sealed chamber with an ozone-containing medium, comprising supplying an ozone of the desired concentration from the source of ozone, recirculating the medium, setting the exposure time, transferring the material in the chamber from the inlet hopper to the outlet with a screw conveyor equipped with blades, mixing the material, moisturizing, protecting the surface and degradation of the medium, since it is supplied from the ozone source to the open end of the hollow perforated shaft of the screw conveyor cut holes, the diameter of which increases in the directions of motion of the medium, while the dose is calculated by the expression Q ~ 1.84p & where / 1 ~ specific surface area (to rim ² } and is the bulk density (kg / m ³ ) of the material, f is the exposure time ozone concentration is monitored by measuring at the outlet of the outlet pipe in the recirculation stream, and mixing is carried out by blades fixed between the edges of the screw turns and the shaft surface, and humidification is carried out by injection of micro-dispersed fog, and a protective coating is applied to the entire surface in inside the chamber, perforated shaft and turns of the screw,

[2] 2 The method according to claim 1, with the exception that changing the direction of movement and mixing provide improved washing of the material, PJ 3. The method according to claim 1, about l and h It is generally understood that the treatment is carried out at a humidity of 95-97%.

| 4] 4, A device for the continuous processing of bulk materials in an ozone-containing medium, including a sealed chamber with an inlet and outlet hopper, an interfering screw conveyor connected to an electric drive, and evacuated with mixing paddles of material on the screw turns, a protective coating, an ozone source, means for supplying and recirculating the medium from the outlet of the outlet pipe, a water injector, a destructor, a control system, which means that a cylindrical body is used as a chamber, the screw shaft is hollow and per formed with holes, the diameter of which is low and winds in the direction of movement of the medium towards the blind end of the shaft, of the blade fixed to the surface of the shaft and the edges of the turns of the screw, the open side of the shaft is connected to the output of the medium supply means, the first and second inputs of which are connected "and the source of ozone and the first output of the three-way valve, the second output and input of the latter are connected to the destructor and the outlet pipe, the water injection is made in the form of a microdispersed fogger, and the inner surfaces of the housing, shaft and turns of the screw conveyor are covered with a protective layer, and a dose calculation unit is additionally introduced into the control system.

fSJ 5. The device according to claim 4, optionally comprising a housing arranged horizontally one above the other, the open and blind ends of the shafts of which are connected to the output of the ozone supply means and an electric drive , and the turns of each subsequent screw are installed with an offset of 180 ".

YU! 8, The device according to claim 4, with the proviso that a yamyfiruretan compound is used as a protective coating.