WO2019200889A1 - 显示基板、显示装置及其防窥方法 - Google Patents

显示基板、显示装置及其防窥方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019200889A1
WO2019200889A1 PCT/CN2018/113035 CN2018113035W WO2019200889A1 WO 2019200889 A1 WO2019200889 A1 WO 2019200889A1 CN 2018113035 W CN2018113035 W CN 2018113035W WO 2019200889 A1 WO2019200889 A1 WO 2019200889A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
light shielding
substrate
shielding portion
units
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PCT/CN2018/113035
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊星
李彦松
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/349,135 priority Critical patent/US11121200B2/en
Publication of WO2019200889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019200889A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/126—Shielding, e.g. light-blocking means over the TFTs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K50/865—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. light-blocking layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/17—Passive-matrix OLED displays
    • H10K59/173—Passive-matrix OLED displays comprising banks or shadow masks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display substrate, a display device, and a method for preventing the same.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate, a display device, and a speculating prevention method thereof, which can realize an anti-spy function without affecting brightness and touch sensitivity of the display device.
  • a display substrate comprising:
  • the light shielding portion is located between the adjacent two first pixel units.
  • the plurality of pixel units further includes a plurality of second pixel units, and the light shielding portion is not disposed between adjacent two second pixel units.
  • the light shielding portion includes a plurality of first light shielding portions, wherein the plurality of first pixel units are arranged in a first direction, and each of the first light shielding portions is located in a phase along the first direction Adjacent between two first pixel units.
  • each of the first pixel units includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the first light shielding portion is disposed between adjacent two sub-pixels of each of the first pixel units.
  • the plurality of first light shielding portions are parallel to each other and both extend in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the first direction and the second direction are both Located in the plane of the substrate.
  • the display substrate further includes a plurality of second light shielding portions, wherein each of the second light shielding portions is located in the first pixel unit and the pixel unit adjacent to the first pixel unit in the second direction
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction are both located in a plane of the base substrate.
  • the display substrate further includes: a pixel defining layer on the substrate substrate, the pixel defining layer is for defining a plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the light shielding portion is disposed at the pixel defining layer away from the One side of the base substrate.
  • the light shielding portion is located only between the adjacent two first pixel units, and the thickness of the pixel defining layer and the light shielding portion is along a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate substrate. The sum is greater than or equal to the distance of the light shielding portion to the center of the first pixel unit nearest thereto.
  • the light shielding portion is located between the adjacent two first pixel units and between two adjacent sub-pixels of each first pixel unit, along a plane perpendicular to a plane of the substrate substrate a direction, a sum of a thickness of the pixel defining layer and the light shielding portion, greater than or equal to a distance from a center of the sub-pixel of the first pixel unit to the first light shielding portion closest to the sub-pixel.
  • a height of the light shielding portion with respect to the base substrate is greater than or equal to a distance from a center of the pixel unit closest to the light shielding portion to the light shielding portion.
  • the first light shielding portion extends in the second direction, and a length of the first light shielding portion in the second direction is greater than or equal to the first pixel unit in the second The length in the direction.
  • the second light shielding portion extends along the first direction, and a length of the second light shielding portion in the first direction is greater than or equal to the first pixel unit at the first The width in the direction.
  • the first direction is a row direction
  • the second direction is a column direction
  • the plurality of pixel units include a plurality of rows of first pixel units and a plurality of rows of second pixel units, in the column direction
  • the second pixel unit and the first pixel unit are alternately arranged.
  • the first direction is a row direction
  • the second direction is a column direction
  • the plurality of pixel units include a plurality of rows of first pixel units and a plurality of rows of second pixel units, the plurality of rows of One pixel unit is adjacent to each other in the column direction, and the plurality of rows of second pixel units are adjacent to each other in the column direction.
  • a display device comprising the above display substrate.
  • the display substrate is an organic electroluminescent array substrate
  • the organic electroluminescent array substrate includes: a plurality of organic electroluminescent units, located on the substrate, and each organic electro The light emitting unit includes a sub-pixel region; and a pixel defining layer configured to define a plurality of sub-pixel regions of the organic electroluminescent unit; wherein the light shielding portion is located on a side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate.
  • an orthographic projection of the light-shielding portion on the substrate substrate is in an orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer on the substrate substrate.
  • the display substrate is a color filter substrate
  • the color filter substrate includes: a plurality of filter units; and a black matrix disposed between the plurality of filter units and configured to space the plurality of filters a unit; wherein the light shielding portion is located on a side of the base substrate opposite to the black matrix and the plurality of filter units.
  • a method for preventing a peek of the above display device includes:
  • the anti-spying method of the display device further includes: lighting all of the plurality of pixel units such that the display device is in a normal display state.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of another display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of still another display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the display substrate of Figure 1 taken along line A-A';
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view of still another display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of another display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a top plan view of still another display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view of still another display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic electroluminescent unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a light shielding portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a top plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the display device of Figure 11 taken along line BB'.
  • the anti-peeping film is attached to the display device to block a certain angle of light, thereby achieving the anti-peep function.
  • the anti-spy film has a thickness of about 0.25 mm, on the one hand, the anti-spy film can reduce the brightness of the display device; on the other hand, if the display device has a touch function, the anti-spy film can reduce the touch of the display device. Sensitivity.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate including: a substrate substrate; a plurality of pixel units on the substrate substrate and including a plurality of first pixel units; and a light shielding portion located adjacent to the two first pixel units between.
  • the display panel by providing a light shielding portion between adjacent first pixel units, a portion of the large-angle light can be blocked by the light shielding portion, and therefore, the portion of the light cannot be emitted from the display device and applied to the display, when the user views the viewing angle.
  • the angle of the occluded light is within the range of the occluded light, the displayed display is blurred due to the low brightness, so that the viewing angle can be prevented from being viewed at the viewing angle to prevent the display device from being escaping.
  • the display panel may be a color film substrate of a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a self-luminous array substrate.
  • the self-luminous array substrate may be an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) array substrate, or may be a quantum dot electroluminescent array substrate.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the display substrate includes: a base substrate 10; a plurality of pixel units disposed on the base substrate 10, the plurality of pixel units including a plurality of first pixel units 11; and a first shading In the portion 21, each of the first light blocking portions 21 is located between the adjacent first pixel units 11.
  • the first pixel units 11 are arranged in a first direction (for example, a row direction) such that a plurality of rows of first pixel units 11 are formed, and each of the first light blocking portions 21 is located adjacent to two adjacent rows in the row direction. Between one pixel unit 11.
  • the plurality of pixel units further includes a plurality of second pixel units, and the first light shielding portion is not disposed between adjacent two second pixel units. This can ensure the normal display of the display device, that is, the non-peep-proof state.
  • the plurality of pixel units further includes a plurality of second pixel units 12, and the first light blocking portions 21 are not disposed between adjacent two second pixel units 12.
  • the plurality of second pixel units 12 may also be arranged in a row direction to form a plurality of second pixel units.
  • the plurality of rows of pixel units include a plurality of rows of first pixel units 11 and a plurality of rows of second pixel units 12, and the first light blocking portion 21 is not disposed between adjacent second pixel units 12.
  • one row of the first pixel unit 11 is arranged every one row.
  • the odd rows set the first pixel unit 11, and the even rows set the second pixel unit 12; or, the odd rows set the second pixel unit 12, and the even rows set the first pixel unit 11.
  • the first pixel unit 11 and the second pixel unit 12 are spaced apart in the column direction, when the display substrate is applied to the display device, only the first pixel unit 11 is operated, or only the second pixel unit is made 12 work, does not affect the display device for full screen display.
  • the plurality of rows of the first pixel units 11 are adjacent to each other, and the plurality of rows of the second pixel units 12 are adjacent to each other, such that the plurality of rows of the first pixel unit 11 and the plurality of rows of the second pixel unit 12 They are respectively located in two regions of the display substrate, such as the first pixel region A and the second pixel region B.
  • the upper half of the display screen of the display device corresponds to the first pixel unit 11 and the lower half corresponds to the second pixel unit 12, so that when the display device turns on the anti-spy mode, only the upper half of the display screen is located.
  • a portion of the first pixel unit 11 is in an active state such that the upper half of the display screen has an anti-spy function when displaying a picture.
  • the plurality of rows of pixel units include the plurality of rows of the first pixel unit 11 and the plurality of rows of the second pixel unit 12
  • the plurality of rows of the first pixel unit 11 and the plurality of rows of the second pixel unit 12 may also be
  • the arrangement of the present disclosure is not limited to the other embodiments except for FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, for example, alternately arranged in the column direction, or left and right.
  • the display substrate is an OLED array substrate
  • the OLED array substrate includes a substrate substrate 10, a plurality of OLED light emitting units 24, and a pixel defining layer 23, each OLED light emitting unit.
  • a sub-pixel region eg, sub-pixel region 11a, 11b, or 11c
  • the pixel defining layer 23 is used to define a plurality of sub-pixel regions.
  • the OLED lighting unit 24 is for emitting light for display.
  • each OLED lighting unit 24 includes an anode 32, a cathode 36, and a light emitting functional layer 34 between the anode 32 and the cathode 36.
  • the OLED lighting unit can emit red, green or blue light, respectively.
  • the OLED array substrate further includes a first light shielding portion 21 disposed on a side of the pixel defining layer 23 away from the substrate substrate 10.
  • a first light shielding portion 21 disposed on a side of the pixel defining layer 23 away from the substrate substrate 10.
  • an orthographic projection of the first light shielding portion 21 on the base substrate 10 is located in an orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the base substrate 10.
  • the pixel defining layer 23 may be made of a light transmissive material or may be made of an opaque material.
  • the pixel defining layer 23 is made of a light transmissive material, total reflection of light incident on the pixel defining layer 23 occurs. It is not possible to emit for display; when the pixel defining layer 23 is made of an opaque material, the effect is the same as that of the first light blocking portion 21.
  • the display substrate is a color filter substrate of an LCD
  • the color filter substrate includes a plurality of filter units 42a, 42b, and 42c; and a black matrix 44 located in a plurality of filters.
  • the plurality of filter units are spaced between the light units and configured to be spaced apart.
  • the color filter substrate further includes a light shielding portion 44 on a side of the base substrate 40 opposite to the black matrix 44 and the plurality of filter units 42a, 42b, and 42c. For example, light emitted from the backlight unit 80 is incident on the filter unit through the TFT substrate 60 and the liquid crystal layer 50, and then light emitted from the filter unit is emitted to the display side through the substrate 40.
  • the black matrix 44 and the plurality of filter units are located on the light incident side of the base substrate 40, and the light blocking portion 44 is located on the light exit side of the base substrate 40 or the display side of the display device.
  • the orthographic projection of the light shielding portion 44 on the plane of the base substrate 40 is located in the orthographic projection of the black matrix 44 on the plane of the base substrate 40, so that the light shielding portion 44 does not affect the aperture ratio of the display device.
  • the light shielding portion 44 is covered by the upper coating layer 43 for maintaining surface flatness.
  • the first light shielding portion 21 in order to cause the first light shielding portion 21 to function as a light blocking, is formed of an opaque material, such as an insulating and opaque material.
  • the angle of the light perpendicular to the base substrate 10 is 0°, and the light of other angles other than 0° is collectively referred to as a large angle light.
  • the line with arrows in Figure 4 is the direction of light transmission).
  • the partial light cannot be emitted from the display device.
  • the first light shielding portion 21 when the first light shielding portion 21 is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 23 of the OLED array substrate away from the substrate substrate 10, or the first light blocking portion 21 is disposed on the color filter substrate for forming the LCD, the first light shielding portion is assumed. 21 can block the light of the angle of 60° to 90° (for example, the angle ⁇ ) emitted by the sub-pixel 11b. Then, when viewing the display screen at a viewing angle of 60° to 90°, the display screen viewed by the user is blurred due to low brightness. Unclear, and further, the anti-spy function can be realized within a viewing angle range of 60° to 90°.
  • the plurality of first light blocking portions are parallel to each other and both extend in a second direction (eg, a column direction), the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the first direction and the first Both directions are located in the plane of the substrate.
  • the length of the first light shielding portion 21 may be greater than, equal to, or smaller than the length of the first pixel unit 11 in the column direction.
  • the length of the first light blocking portion 21 is greater than or equal to the length of the first pixel unit 11. In this way, in the column direction, the first light blocking portion 21 can block the large-angle light emitted from the sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11 or the first pixel unit 11 adjacent thereto.
  • the first light shielding portion 21 when the length of the first light shielding portion 21 is greater than the length of the first pixel unit 11, the first light shielding portion 21 may be a block shape or a mesh shape, that is, a plurality of first light shielding portions may be integrally formed; In the column direction, when the length of the first light blocking portion 21 is equal to or smaller than the length of the first pixel unit 11, the first light blocking portion 21 may be in a block shape.
  • multi-line first pixel unit 11 means that, in a plurality of rows of pixel units, each row of pixel units is composed of the first pixel unit 11.
  • multi-line second pixel unit 12 means that in a plurality of rows of pixel units, each row of pixel units is composed of the second pixel unit 12. Since the voyeur often peeks at the display screen on the left and right sides of the display device, the row direction of the embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to the horizontal direction of the display device when the display screen is viewed, that is, the horizontal direction when the display device is placed as shown in FIG.
  • each of the first pixel units includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the first light shielding portion is disposed between adjacent two sub-pixels of each of the first pixel units.
  • the first pixel unit 11 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 11a to 11c; and in the row direction, a first light blocking portion 21 is disposed between adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11.
  • a first light-shielding portion 21 may be disposed in each adjacent two sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11 so that Each of the first light blocking portions 21 blocks a large-angle light emitted from a sub-pixel of the first pixel unit 11 adjacent thereto.
  • the first light-shielding portion 21 may not be disposed between adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11 because In the horizontal direction, anti-peeping is not provided, and then the shading portion may not be provided in the vertical direction.
  • the first light shielding portion 21 is also disposed between the adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11 , and the first light shielding portion 21 is disposed only between the adjacent first pixel units 11 .
  • the anti-spy angles of the two are the same, the height of the first light-shielding portion 21 is lowered, and further, the thickness of the display device can be reduced; and when the heights of the first light-shielding portions 21 are the same, the display is increased.
  • the anti-peep angle of the device is also disposed between the adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11 , and the first light shielding portion 21 is disposed only between the adjacent first pixel units 11 .
  • a height of the light shielding portion with respect to the base substrate is greater than or equal to a distance from a center of the pixel unit closest to the light shielding portion to the light shielding portion.
  • the height H of the light shielding portion 21 with respect to the base substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the distance from the center of the pixel unit 11 closest to the light shielding portion 21 to the light shielding portion 21.
  • the pixel defining layer 23 is The sum of the thicknesses of the first light blocking portions 21 is greater than or equal to the vertical distance from the center of the first pixel unit 11 to the first light blocking portion 21 adjacent to the first pixel unit 11.
  • the pixel defining layer 23 and the first The sum of the thicknesses of the light shielding portions 21 is greater than or equal to the vertical distance from the center of the sub-pixel of the first pixel unit 11 to the first light shielding portion 21 adjacent to the sub-pixel.
  • the first light shielding portion 21 and the pixel defining layer 23 can prevent at least a portion of the large angle light that is greater than or equal to 45° from being emitted; on the other hand, when the first light shielding portion 21 and the pixel defining layer 23 are When the large-angle light rays that are emitted are prevented from being 45°, it is convenient to set the total heights of the first light shielding portion 21 and the pixel defining layer 23.
  • the plurality of first light shielding portions 21 are disposed in parallel.
  • the preparation process of the mask blank can be simplified; on the other hand, the parallel arrangement is performed.
  • the plurality of first light blocking portions 21 are placed on the first pixel unit 11 on the display substrate or the adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel unit 11, the alignment can be made more precise.
  • the display device further includes a plurality of second light shielding portions, wherein each of the second light shielding portions is located in the first pixel unit and the pixel unit adjacent to the first pixel unit in the second direction
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction are both located in a plane of the base substrate.
  • the second light blocking portion 22 is disposed between the first pixel unit 11 and the pixel unit adjacent to the first pixel unit 11.
  • the pixel unit adjacent to the first pixel unit 11 may be the first pixel unit 11 or the second pixel unit 12.
  • the display substrate can realize the anti-spying in the lateral direction of the display device, the anti-spying in the vertical direction, or the anti-spying in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the longitudinal direction of the display device refers to the vertical direction when the display substrate is placed as shown in FIG.
  • the display substrate when the display substrate is applied to a display device, the display substrate should include thousands or even tens of thousands of pixel units, and FIGS. 1-3, 5-8, and FIG. 11 is only for illustration, and some of the pixel units on the display substrate are drawn.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, comprising the display substrate according to any of the preceding embodiments, the display substrate includes: a substrate; a plurality of pixel units located on the substrate and including a plurality of a pixel unit; and a light shielding portion between the adjacent two first pixel units.
  • the display device by providing a light shielding portion between adjacent first pixel units, a portion of the large-angle light can be blocked by the light shielding portion, and therefore, the portion of the light cannot be emitted from the display device and applied to the display, when the user views the viewing angle.
  • the angle of the occluded light is within the range of the occluded light, the displayed display is blurred due to the low brightness, so that the viewing angle can be prevented from being viewed at the viewing angle to prevent the display device from being escaping.
  • the display substrate is an organic electroluminescent array substrate
  • the organic electroluminescent array substrate includes: a plurality of organic electroluminescent units 24 located on the substrate 10 And each of the organic electroluminescent units 24 includes a sub-pixel region; and a pixel defining layer 23 configured to define a plurality of sub-pixel regions 11a, 11b, 11c of the organic electroluminescent unit; wherein the light shielding portion 21 is located
  • the pixel defines a side of the layer 23 remote from the substrate substrate 10.
  • the display substrate is a color filter substrate
  • the color filter substrate includes: a plurality of filter units 42a, 42b, and 42c; and a black matrix 44 located in the plurality of filter units Between and spaced apart from the plurality of filter units; wherein the light shielding portion 44 is located on the base substrate 10 opposite to the black matrix 44 and the plurality of filter units 42a, 42b, and 42c side.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a anti-spying method of the display device according to the foregoing embodiment, comprising: lighting only the plurality of first pixel units, so that the display device is in a peep prevention state.
  • the anti-spying method further includes: illuminating all of the plurality of pixel units such that the display device is in a normal display state.
  • the first pixel unit 11 when the display device turns on the anti-spy mode, the first pixel unit 11 is in an active state; when the display device turns on the non-anti-peep mode, at least one pixel unit other than the first pixel unit 11 among the plurality of rows of pixel units Is working.
  • the “other pixel unit” refers to the second pixel unit 12 in which the first light blocking portion 21 is not disposed between the second pixel units 12 .
  • the second pixel unit 12 When the display device turns on the non-anti-peep mode, the second pixel unit 12 may be in an active state, and the first pixel unit 11 and the second pixel unit 12 may be in an active state, but the latter display brightness and clarity. Higher degrees.
  • the anti-spying method of the display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can switch the display device in the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-peep mode according to the needs of the user.

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Abstract

一种显示基板、显示装置及其防窥方法。该显示基板包括衬底基板(10)；多个像素单元，位于所述衬底基板(10)上并且包括多个第一像素单元(11)；以及遮光部(21)，位于相邻两个第一像素单元(11)之间。上述显示基板可在不影响显示装置的亮度及触控灵敏度的基础上，实现防窥功能。

Description

显示基板、显示装置及其防窥方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于并且要求于2018年4月20日递交、名称为“一种阵列基板、显示装置及其防窥方法”的中国专利申请第201810361764.1号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示基板、显示装置及其防窥方法。
背景技术
现代社会，在公共场合使用电脑和手机已经是非常平常的事，随着网络技术的发展，越来越多的人在网络上进行购物或者账户交易等操作，在上述操作进行过程中，操作者经常需要在电脑、手机、自动柜员机、自动取票机等显示装置上输入个人信息，从而很容易造成个人信息泄露。因此，显示装置的防偷窥性能受到越来越广泛的关注。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供一种显示基板、显示装置及其防窥方法，可在不影响显示装置的亮度及触控灵敏度的基础上，实现防窥功能。
根据本公开第一方面，提供一种显示基板，包括：
衬底基板；
多个像素单元，位于所述衬底基板上并且包括多个第一像素单元；以及
遮光部，位于相邻两个第一像素单元之间。
至少一些实施例中，所述多个像素单元还包括多个第二像素单元，相邻两个第二像素单元之间未设置所述遮光部。
至少一些实施例中，所述遮光部包括多个第一遮光部，其中所述多个第一像素单元沿第一方向排列，每个第一遮光部位于沿所述第一方向上排列的 相邻两个第一像素单元之间。
至少一些实施例中，每个第一像素单元包括多个子像素，每个第一像素单元的相邻两个子像素之间设置所述第一遮光部。
至少一些实施例中，所述多个第一遮光部彼此平行并且均沿第二方向延伸，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，所述第一方向和所述第二方向均位于所述衬底基板所在平面中。
至少一些实施例中，显示基板还包括多个第二遮光部，其中每个第二遮光部位于所述第一像素单元和与所述第一像素单元在第二方向上相邻的像素单元之间，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，所述第一方向和所述第二方向均位于所述衬底基板所在平面中。
至少一些实施例中，显示基板还包括：位于所述衬底基板上的像素界定层，所述像素界定层用于界定多个子像素区域，所述遮光部设置在所述像素界定层远离所述衬底基板的一侧。
至少一些实施例中，所述遮光部仅位于所述相邻两个第一像素单元之间，沿垂直于所述衬底基板所在平面的方向，所述像素界定层与所述遮光部的厚度之和大于或等于所述遮光部到与其最近的所述第一像素单元的中心的距离。
至少一些实施例中，所述遮光部位于所述相邻两个第一像素单元之间和每个第一像素单元的相邻两个子像素之间，沿垂直于所述衬底基板所在平面的方向，所述像素界定层与所述遮光部的厚度之和，大于或等于所述第一像素单元的子像素的中心到与该子像素最近的所述第一遮光部的距离。
至少一些实施例中，所述遮光部相对所述衬底基板的高度大于或等于与该遮光部最近的像素单元的中心到所述遮光部的距离。
至少一些实施例中，所述第一遮光部沿所述第二方向延伸，并且所述第一遮光部在所述第二方向上的长度大于或等于所述第一像素单元在所述第二方向上的长度。
至少一些实施例中，所述第二遮光部沿所述第一方向延伸，并且所述第二遮光部在所述第一方向上的长度大于或等于所述第一像素单元在所述第一方向上的宽度。
至少一些实施例中，所述第一方向为行方向，所述第二方向为列方向， 所述多个像素单元包括多行第一像素单元和多行第二像素单元，在所述列方向上，所述第二像素单元和所述第一像素单元交替排列。
至少一些实施例中，所述第一方向为行方向，所述第二方向为列方向，所述多个像素单元包括多行第一像素单元和多行第二像素单元，所述多行第一像素单元在所述列方向上两两相邻，所述多行第二像素单元在所述列方向上两两相邻。
根据本公开第二方面，提供一种显示装置，包括上述的显示基板。
至少一些实施例中，所述显示基板为有机电致发光阵列基板，所述有机电致发光阵列基板包括：多个有机电致发光单元，位于所述衬底基板上，且每个有机电致发光单元包括子像素区域；和像素界定层，配置为界定所述有机电致发光单元的多个子像素区域；其中所述遮光部位于所述像素界定层的远离衬底基板的一侧。
至少一些实施例中，所述遮光部在所述衬底基板上的正投影位于所述像素界定层在所述衬底基板上的正投影中。
至少一些实施例中，所述显示基板为彩膜基板，所述彩膜基板包括：多个滤光单元；和黑矩阵，位于多个滤光单元之间且配置为间隔所述多个滤光单元；其中所述遮光部位于所述衬底基板的与所述黑矩阵和所述多个滤光单元相背一侧。
根据本公开第三方面，提供一种上述显示装置的防窥方法，包括：
仅点亮所述多个第一像素单元，使得所述显示装置处于防窥状态。
至少一些实施例中，所述显示装置的防窥方法，还包括：点亮所有所述多个像素单元，使得所述显示装置处于正常显示状态。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种显示基板的俯视图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的又一种显示基板的俯视图；
图4为图1的显示基板沿A-A'向的剖视图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的再一种显示基板的俯视图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的又一种显示基板的俯视图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的再一种显示基板的俯视图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种有机电致发光单元的结构示意图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的一种遮光部的剖视图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的一种显示装置的俯视图；
图12为图11的显示装置沿B-B'向的剖视图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
现有技术中，通过在显示装置上贴防窥膜来阻隔一定角度的光线，从而达到防窥的功能。然而，由于防窥膜具有0.25mm左右的厚度，因此，一方面，防窥膜会降低显示装置的亮度；另一方面，若显示装置具有触控功能，防窥膜会降低显示设备的触控灵敏度。
本公开实施例提供一种显示基板，包括：衬底基板；多个像素单元，位于所述衬底基板上并且包括多个第一像素单元；以及遮光部，位于相邻两个第一像素单元之间。
在上述显示面板中，通过在相邻第一像素单元之间设置遮光部，可利用遮光部遮挡部分大角度光线，因此，该部分光线不能从显示装置射出并应用于显示，当用户的观看视角位于被遮挡的光线的角度范围内时，看到的显示画面因亮度过低而变得模糊不清，从而可在该视角起到防窥作用，以使显示装置实现防窥。
至少一些实施例中，上述显示面板可以为液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，简称LCD)的彩膜基板，也可以是自发光阵列基板。例如，自发光阵列基板可以是有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，简称OLED)阵列基板，也可以是量子点电致发光阵列基板。
例如，如图1至4所示，显示基板包括：衬底基板10；设置在衬底基板10上的多个像素单元，该多个像素单元包括多个第一像素单元11；和第一遮光部21，每个第一遮光部21位于相邻第一像素单元11之间。
如图1所示，第一像素单元11沿第一方向(例如行方向)排列，这样形成多行第一像素单元11，每个第一遮光部21位于沿行方向上排列的相邻两个第一像素单元11之间。
至少一些实施例中，所述多个像素单元还包括多个第二像素单元，相邻两个第二像素单元之间未设置所述第一遮光部。这样可以保证显示装置的正常显示，即非防窥状态。
例如，如图2和图3所示，多个像素单元还包括多个第二像素单元12，相邻两个第二像素单元12之间未设置所述第一遮光部21。多个第二像素单元12同样可以在行方向上排列形成多个第二像素单元。例如，多行像素单元既包括多行第一像素单元11，也包括多行第二像素单元12，相邻第二像素单元12之间未设置第一遮光部21。
例如，如图2所示，在多行像素单元中，每间隔一行，设置一行第一像素单元11。示例的，奇数行设置第一像素单元11，偶数行设置第二像素单元12；或者，奇数行设置第二像素单元12，偶数行设置第一像素单元11。这样一来，由于第一像素单元11和第二像素单元12在列方向上间隔设置，当所 述显示基板应用于显示装置时，仅使第一像素单元11工作、或仅使第二像素单元12工作，均不影响显示装置进行全屏显示。
例如，如图3所示，多行第一像素单元11两两相邻，且多行第二像素单元12两两相邻，这样，多行第一像素单元11和多行第二像素单元12分别位于所述显示基板的两个区域，例如第一像素区A和第二像素区B。示例的，显示装置的显示屏的上半部分对应第一像素单元11、下半部分对应第二像素单元12，这样一来，当显示装置开启防窥模式时，仅使位于显示屏的上半部分的第一像素单元11处于工作状态，以使得显示屏的上半部分在显示画面时具有防窥功能。
可以理解的是，在多行像素单元既包括多行第一像素单元11，又包括多行第二像素单元12的情况下，多行第一像素单元11和多行第二像素单元12也可以以除图2和图3以外的其他设置方式设置，本公开实施例对此不限定，例如沿列方向交替设置，或者左右区分。
至少一些实施例中，如图4所示，所述显示基板为OLED阵列基板，所述OLED阵列基板包括衬底基板10、多个OLED发光单元24、以及像素界定层23，每个OLED发光单元包括一个子像素区域(例如，子像素区域11a、11b或11c)，像素界定层23用于界定多个子像素区域。OLED发光单元24用于发出显示所用的光，如图9所示，每个OLED发光单元24包括阳极32、阴极36、以及位于阳极32和阴极36之间的发光功能层34。例如，OLED发光单元可以分别发出红、绿或蓝光。OLED阵列基板还包括第一遮光部21，其设置于像素界定层23远离衬底基板10的一侧。例如，所述第一遮光部21在所述衬底基板10上的正投影位于所述像素界定层23在所述衬底基板10上的正投影中。
例如，像素界定层23可以由透光材料制成，也可以由不透光材料制成，当像素界定层23由透光材料制成时，由于射到像素界定层23上的光线发生全反射而不能射出用于显示；当像素界定层23由不透光材料制成时，作用与第一遮光部21相同。
至少一些实施例中，如图11至12所示，所述显示基板为LCD的彩膜基板，该彩膜基板包括多个滤光单元42a、42b和42c；和黑矩阵44，位于多个滤光单元之间且配置为间隔所述多个滤光单元。该彩膜基板还包括遮光部 44，遮光部44位于所述衬底基板40的与所述黑矩阵44和所述多个滤光单元42a、42b和42c相背一侧。例如，从背光组件80发出的光经过TFT基板60、液晶层50入射到滤光单元，然后从滤光单元发出的光经过衬底基板40向显示侧射出。黑矩阵44和多个滤光单元位于衬底基板40的入光侧，遮光部44位于所述衬底基板40的出光侧或显示装置的显示侧。例如，遮光部44在衬底基板40所在平面的正投影位于黑矩阵44在衬底基板40所在平面的正投影中，这样一来，遮光部44不影响显示装置的开口率。例如，遮光部44由上覆层43所覆盖，用于保持表面平整性。
至少一些实施例中，为了使第一遮光部21起到遮光作用，第一遮光部21由不透光材料形成，例如有绝缘且不透光的材料形成。
至少一些实施例中，第一遮光部21的高度越大，可以遮挡的大角度光线越多。如图4所示，第一像素单元11的各个子像素射出的光线中，以垂直于衬底基板10的光线的角度为0°，则除0°以外的其他角度的光线统称为大角度光线(图4中带箭头的线为光线的传输方向)。
当所述显示基板应用于显示装置时，由于部分大角度光线被第一遮光部21遮挡，因此，该部分光线不能从显示装置射出。
示例的，当第一遮光部21设置在OLED阵列基板的像素界定层23远离衬底基板10一侧、或第一遮光部21设置在用于形成LCD的彩膜基板时，假设第一遮光部21可以遮挡子像素11b射出的角度60°～90°的光线(例如角度α)，那么，在以60°～90°的视角观看显示画面时，用户观看到的显示画面因亮度较低而模糊不清，进而可在60°～90°的视角范围内实现防窥功能。
至少一些实施例中，多个第一遮光部彼此平行并且均沿第二方向(例如列方向)延伸，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，所述第一方向和所述第二方向均位于所述衬底基板所在平面中。沿列方向，第一遮光部21的长度可以大于、或等于、或小于第一像素单元11的长度。例如，沿列方向，第一遮光部21的长度大于或等于第一像素单元11的长度。这样一来，沿列方向，第一遮光部21可更多地遮挡经与其相邻的第一像素单元11或第一像素单元11的子像素射出的大角度光线。
例如，沿列方向，当第一遮光部21的长度大于第一像素单元11的长度 时，第一遮光部21可以是块状，也可以是网状，即多个第一遮光部一体成型；沿列方向，当第一遮光部21的长度等于、或小于第一像素单元11的长度时，第一遮光部21可以是块状。
在本文中，术语“多行第一像素单元11”是指：在多行像素单元中，每行像素单元均由第一像素单元11组成。同样的，“多行第二像素单元12”是指：在多行像素单元中，每行像素单元均由第二像素单元12组成。由于偷窥者多在显示装置的左右两侧偷窥显示画面，因此，本公开实施例的行方向，对应观看显示画面时显示装置的横向，也就是显示装置如图1放置时的水平方向。
至少一些实施例中，每个第一像素单元包括多个子像素，每个第一像素单元的相邻两个子像素之间设置所述第一遮光部。例如，如图5所示，第一像素单元11包括多个子像素11a至11c；在行方向上，第一像素单元11的相邻子像素之间设置有第一遮光部21。
如图5所示，当一个第一像素单元11中的子像素11a至11c沿行方向排列时，可在第一像素单元11的每相邻两个子像素设置有第一遮光部21，以使得每个第一遮光部21遮挡经与其相邻的第一像素单元11的子像素射出的大角度光线。再例如，如图6所示，当一个第一像素单元11中的子像素沿列方向排列时，可以不在第一像素单元11的相邻子像素之间设置有第一遮光部21，因为若在水平方向上防偷窥，那么在竖直方向上可以不设置遮光部。
本公开实施例中，在第一像素单元11的相邻子像素之间也设置第一遮光部21，与仅在相邻第一像素单元11之间设置第一遮光部21相比，可在二者的防窥视角相同的情况下，降低第一遮光部21的高度，进一步的，可降低显示装置的厚度；还可在二者的第一遮光部21高度相同的情况下，增大显示装置的防窥视角。
至少一些实施例中，所述遮光部相对所述衬底基板的高度大于或等于与该遮光部最近的像素单元的中心到所述遮光部的距离。
例如，如图10所示，遮光部21相对所述衬底基板10的高度H大于或等于与该遮光部21最近的像素单元11的中心到所述遮光部21的距离。
例如，在第一遮光部21仅位于相邻第一像素单元11之间的情况下，沿衬底基板10的厚度方向(即垂直于衬底基板10所在平面的方向)，像素界 定层23与第一遮光部21的厚度之和大于或等于第一像素单元11的中心到与该第一像素单元11相邻的第一遮光部21的垂直距离。
例如，在第一遮光部21位于相邻第一像素单元11之间和第一像素单元11的相邻子像素之间的情况下，沿衬底基板10的厚度方向，像素界定层23与第一遮光部21的厚度之和，大于或等于第一像素单元11的子像素的中心到与该子像素相邻的第一遮光部21的垂直距离。
本公开实施例中，一方面，第一遮光部21和像素界定层23可至少防止部分大于或等于45°的大角度光线射出；另一方面，当第一遮光部21和像素界定层23可防止出射的大角度光线为45°时，方便设定第一遮光部21和像素界定层23的总高度。
本公开实施例中，多个第一遮光部21平行设置，一方面，在形成制备多个第一遮光部21的掩模板时，可简化掩模板的制备工艺；另一方面，将平行设置的多个第一遮光部21放置于所述显示基板上的第一像素单元11、或第一像素单元11的相邻子像素时，可使得对位更加精确。
至少一些实施例中，显示装置还包括多个第二遮光部，其中每个第二遮光部位于所述第一像素单元和与所述第一像素单元在第二方向上相邻的像素单元之间，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，所述第一方向和所述第二方向均位于所述衬底基板所在平面中。
例如，在列方向上，第一像素单元11和与第一像素单元11相邻的像素单元之间设置有第二遮光部22。在列方向，与第一像素单元11相邻的像素单元可以是第一像素单元11，也可以是第二像素单元12。
本公开实施例中，上述显示基板可使显示装置在横向上实现防窥，也可以在纵向上实现防窥，或者在纵向和横向上均实现防窥。显示装置的纵向是指显示基板如图1所示放置时的竖直方向。
例如，如图8所示，当一个第一像素单元11中的子像素沿列方向排列时，还可在第一像素单元11的子像素之间、以及第一像素单元11和与该第一像素单元11相邻的像素单元之间设置第二遮光部22。
此外，本领域的技术人员应该知道，当显示基板应用于显示装置时，显示基板应包括数千甚至数万个像素单元，本发明的说明书附图中图1-3、图5-8和图11仅为示意，画出了显示基板上的部分像素单元。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括前述任一实施例所述的显示基板，所述显示基板包括：衬底基板；多个像素单元，位于所述衬底基板上并且包括多个第一像素单元；以及遮光部，位于相邻两个第一像素单元之间。
在上述显示装置中，通过在相邻第一像素单元之间设置遮光部，可利用遮光部遮挡部分大角度光线，因此，该部分光线不能从显示装置射出并应用于显示，当用户的观看视角位于被遮挡的光线的角度范围内时，看到的显示画面因亮度过低而变得模糊不清，从而可在该视角起到防窥作用，以使显示装置实现防窥。
至少一些实施例中，如图4所示，所述显示基板为有机电致发光阵列基板，所述有机电致发光阵列基板包括：多个有机电致发光单元24，位于所述衬底基板10上，且每个有机电致发光单元24包括子像素区域；和像素界定层23，配置为界定所述有机电致发光单元的多个子像素区域11a、11b、11c；其中所述遮光部21位于所述像素界定层23的远离衬底基板10的一侧。
至少一些实施例中，如图10所示，所述显示基板为彩膜基板，所述彩膜基板包括：多个滤光单元42a、42b和42c；和黑矩阵44，位于多个滤光单元之间且配置为间隔所述多个滤光单元；其中所述遮光部44位于所述衬底基板的10与所述黑矩阵44和所述多个滤光单元42a、42b和42c相背一侧。
本公开实施例还提供一种如前述实施例所述的显示装置的防窥方法，包括：仅点亮所述多个第一像素单元，使得所述显示装置处于防窥状态。
至少一些实施例中，所述防窥方法还包括：点亮所有所述多个像素单元，使得所述显示装置处于正常显示状态。
例如，所述显示装置开启防窥模式时，第一像素单元11处于工作状态；所述显示装置开启非防窥模式时，多行像素单元中，至少除第一像素单元11以外的其他像素单元处于工作状态。
此处，“其他像素单元”是指第二像素单元12，其中，第二像素单元12之间未设置第一遮光部21。
所述显示装置开启非防窥模式时，可以仅使第二像素单元12处于工作状态，也可以使第一像素单元11和第二像素单元12均处于工作状态，然而后者的显示亮度和清晰度较高。
本公开实施例提供的显示装置的防窥方法，可以根据用户的需要，使所 述显示装置在防窥模式和非防窥模式中切换。
本文中，有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例。
以上所述仅是本公开的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本公开的保护范围，本公开的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括：
    衬底基板；
    多个像素单元，位于所述衬底基板上并且包括多个第一像素单元；以及
    遮光部，位于相邻两个第一像素单元之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中所述多个像素单元还包括多个第二像素单元，相邻两个第二像素单元之间未设置所述遮光部。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的显示基板，其中所述遮光部包括多个第一遮光部，其中所述多个第一像素单元沿第一方向排列，每个第一遮光部位于沿所述第一方向上排列的相邻两个第一像素单元之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中每个第一像素单元包括多个子像素，每个第一像素单元的相邻两个子像素之间设置所述第一遮光部。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的显示基板，其中所述多个第一遮光部彼此平行并且均沿第二方向延伸，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，所述第一方向和所述第二方向均位于所述衬底基板所在平面中。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的显示基板，还包括多个第二遮光部，其中每个第二遮光部位于所述第一像素单元和与所述第一像素单元在第二方向上相邻的像素单元之间，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相垂直，所述第一方向和所述第二方向均位于所述衬底基板所在平面中。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的显示基板，还包括：位于所述衬底基板上的像素界定层，所述像素界定层用于界定多个子像素区域，所述遮光部设置在所述像素界定层远离所述衬底基板的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示基板，其中所述遮光部仅位于所述相邻两个第一像素单元之间，沿垂直于所述衬底基板所在平面的方向，所述像素界定层与所述遮光部的厚度之和大于或等于所述遮光部到与其最近的所述第一像素单元的中心的距离。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的显示基板，其中所述遮光部位于所述相邻两个第一像素单元之间和每个第一像素单元的相邻两个子像素之间，沿垂直于所述衬底基板所在平面的方向，所述像素界定层与所述遮光部的厚度之和，大 于或等于所述第一像素单元的子像素的中心到与该子像素最近的所述第一遮光部的距离。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的显示基板，其中所述遮光部相对所述衬底基板的高度大于或等于与该遮光部最近的像素单元的中心到所述遮光部的距离。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的显示基板，其中所述第一遮光部沿所述第二方向延伸，并且所述第一遮光部在所述第二方向上的长度大于或等于所述第一像素单元在所述第二方向上的长度。
  12. 根据权利要求6所述的显示基板，其中所述第二遮光部沿所述第一方向延伸，并且所述第二遮光部在所述第一方向上的长度大于或等于所述第一像素单元在所述第一方向上的宽度。
  13. 根据权利要求5至12任一项所述的显示基板，其中所述第一方向为行方向，所述第二方向为列方向，所述多个像素单元包括多行第一像素单元和多行第二像素单元，在所述列方向上，所述第二像素单元和所述第一像素单元交替排列。
  14. 根据权利要求5至12任一项所述的显示基板，其中所述第一方向为行方向，所述第二方向为列方向，所述多个像素单元包括多行第一像素单元和多行第二像素单元，所述多行第一像素单元在所述列方向上两两相邻，所述多行第二像素单元在所述列方向上两两相邻。
  15. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求1至14任一项所述的显示基板。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中所述显示基板为有机电致发光阵列基板，所述有机电致发光阵列基板包括：
    多个有机电致发光单元，位于所述衬底基板上，且每个有机电致发光单元包括子像素区域；和
    像素界定层，配置为界定所述有机电致发光单元的多个子像素区域；
    其中所述遮光部位于所述像素界定层的远离衬底基板的一侧。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中所述遮光部在所述衬底基板上的正投影位于所述像素界定层在所述衬底基板上的正投影中。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中所述显示基板为彩膜基板，所述彩膜基板包括：
    多个滤光单元；和
    黑矩阵，位于多个滤光单元之间且配置为间隔所述多个滤光单元；
    其中所述遮光部位于所述衬底基板的与所述黑矩阵和所述多个滤光单元相背一侧。
  19. 一种如权利要求15至18任一项所述的显示装置的防窥方法，包括：
    仅点亮所述多个第一像素单元，使得所述显示装置处于防窥状态。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的显示装置的防窥方法，还包括：
    点亮所有所述多个像素单元，使得所述显示装置处于正常显示状态。
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