WO2019197431A1

WO2019197431A1 - Manual tightening/loosening tool having a toothed pinion and pawls for a stretching screw

Info

Publication number: WO2019197431A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/059004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vincent CESSIEUX
Original assignee: Cma Cgm
Priority date: 2018-04-13
Filing date: 2019-04-10
Publication date: 2019-10-17
Also published as: FR3080054B1; FR3080054A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manual tightening/loosening tool (1) for a stretching screw, having a central tightening/loosening member, said tool (1) having a base (2) that is able to be driven manually in rotation about a first axis of rotation (OZ), a toothed pinion (5) arranged inside a cylindrical bore (3) in the base (2), at least two movable pawls (12 and 13) that each have, with respect to said base (2), a degree of rotational freedom about a second axis of rotation (AZ, BZ), and a movable cover (20) that has, with respect to said base (2), a degree of rotational freedom about said first axis of rotation (OZ), allowing said movable cover (20) to be rotated with respect to said base (2) between a first extreme rotational position and a second extreme rotational position.

Description

Manual serration / serration tool with pinion gear and ratchets of a screw-type turnbuckle

The present invention relates to the field of tools for performing a tightening / loosening of a turnbuckle commonly used to exert a tightening force or a tension of a tie bar or chain for example to maintain the position in position of a container on a vessel type container ship.

More particularly, the invention relates to a tool for performing both a clamping and a manual loosening of a central clamping / loosening member generally comprising two threaded parts arranged coaxially along an axis and interconnected by two rods arranged parallel to this axis. In known manner, this type of clamping / loosening tool may comprise, as described in US 2578686, a base and pinion gear rotatably mounted relative to the base. In addition, such a tool comprises at least two pawls cooperating with teeth of the toothed pinion to perform the drive in rotation of the pinion by the base.

In addition, such a pinion gear also has an open radially oriented notch for performing the introduction of the tightening / loosening member of a screw-threader in the center of the pinion gear. In this way, the toothed pinion rotates the tightening member / loosening.

Furthermore, the document US Pat. No. 2578686 also describes that the tool may comprise a control lever enabling the free ends of the pawls to be removed to make the toothed gear go crazy. or to change the use of the tool, for example from a tightening function to a loosening function.

Other tightening / loosening tools for screw turnbuckles are also known as described in JP S5628861 U, US 2518088, JP S53 4298 A, NZ 299074 A, KR 200439267 Y1 and KR 20120025061 A.

However, all these clamping / loosening tools comprise a large number of parts assembled together. Such tools are thus complex to assemble, heavy and expensive to manufacture.

The present invention therefore aims to provide a clamping / loosening tool to overcome the limitations mentioned above. Indeed, the tool according to the invention is particularly simple to achieve generating a limitation of its production cost and a contained mass.

The invention thus relates to a manual tightening / loosening tool of a screw rigging device comprising a central clamping / loosening member, such tool comprising:

A base capable of being manually rotated by a user of the clamping / loosening tool around a first axis of rotation OZ, the base having a cylindrical bore of center O open on a first face,

A toothed pinion arranged inside the cylindrical bore, the pinion having a plurality of teeth arranged at a cylindrical portion of the pinion, the pinion having an open notch oriented radially, the notch having:

a lateral opening arranged at the level of the cylindrical portion of the pinion gear and making it possible to introduce radially the central clamping / loosening member in the toothed gear,

two flat faces arranged in parallel, allowing the pinion to rotate the central tightening / loosening member of the turnbuckle,

At least two movable pawls respectively having, relative to the base, a degree of freedom in rotation about a second axis of rotation AZ, BZ arranged parallel to the first axis of rotation OZ, the pawls respectively comprising a free end adapted to cooperate with the plurality of teeth of the toothed pinion to rotate the gear pinion about the first axis of rotation OZ during a rotational movement of the base around the first axis of rotation OZ.

According to the invention, such a clamping / loosening tool is remarkable in that each of the pawls comprises a cylindrical protrusion of axis CZ, DZ arranged at their respective free end, each cylindrical protrusion of axis CZ, DZ s'. extending parallel with respect to the first axis of rotation OZ, and in that the clamping / unclamping tool comprises a movable cover having, relative to the base, a degree of freedom in rotation about the first axis of rotation OZ allowing the movable lid to move in rotation relative to the base between a first rotational end position and a second extremal rotational position, the movable cover having a planar face arranged perpendicular to the first axis of rotation OZ, the flat face partially covering the first face the open cylindrical bore of the base, the flat face having at least two notches, each notch cooperating with one of the xcylindrical growths of axis CZ, DZ and allowing simultaneous coupling / uncoupling of the free ends of the pawls with the plurality teeth of the toothed pinion by a rotational movement about the first axis of rotation OZ of the movable cover relative to the base, at least one of the free ends of the pawls being coupled with the plurality of teeth of the pinion gear when the movable cover is arranged in the first extreme position of rotation and the free ends of the pawls being uncoupled with the plurality of teeth of the pinion gear when the movable cover is arranged in the second extreme position of rotation.

In other words, such a tool comprises a limited number of parts assembled together. The movable lid makes it possible, on the one hand, to cover all or part of it and to protect the toothed pinion against dust and splashing water, and on the other hand to control the disengagement of the free ends of the pawls with the teeth. toothed gear.

The pinion gear is thus housed in the cylindrical bore of the open base and covered by the movable cover. Furthermore, when the movable cover is arranged in the first extreme position of rotation, the free ends of the pawls can be constantly pushed by elastic return means for maintaining the pawls in contact with the teeth during the relative rotation of the toothed gear by compared to the base.

Advantageously, the indentations may be symmetrical with respect to each other by a rotation about the first axis of rotation OZ.

Such symmetry of the indentations then makes it possible to couple / uncouple in a same rotational movement the free ends of the pawls with the plurality of teeth of the toothed pinion. In practice, the indentations may respectively have a substantially oblong and curved shape.

Such a shape of notches is advantageous because it makes it easier to rotate the movable lid relative to the base. Indeed, in this case the manual torque in torsion along the axis of rotation OZ necessary to uncouple the free ends of the pawls with the plurality of teeth of the toothed pinion can then be constant in proportion to a stiffness constant of the elastic return means. In addition, this constant torque is then exerted over the entire rotational stroke of the movable cover between the first extreme position of rotation and the second extreme position of rotation.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the substantially oblong and curved shape of each notch may comprise a first end having, relative to the center O, a first radius E E and a second end having, with respect to the center O, a second radius OF, the first radius E E being smaller than the second radius OF.

In this way, when the movable cover is pivoted with respect to the base, the cylindrical protrusions of axis CZ, DZ deviate radially outward by a value equal to the difference between the second radius OF the first radius OE.

Advantageously, the first end of the substantially oblong and curved shape can be heard radially towards the center O.

Thus, the cylindrical protrusions CZ axis, DZ may have a substantially radial clearance relative to the center O when the movable cover is arranged in its first extreme position of rotation relative to the base. Such displacement of the cylindrical protrusions CZ axis, DZ then allows the free ends of the pawls to move away from the teeth of the toothed pinion generated during the free rotation axis OZ in a direction of the base relative to the pinion gear. Such free rotation is indeed advantageous for example to allow a handle of the tool integral with the base to be repositioned in a position facilitating the tightening or loosening of the turnbuckle.

In practice, the clamping / loosening tool may comprise indexing means for indexing in position the mobile cover relative to the base in the first and second extreme rotational positions.

Such indexing means may in fact make it possible to temporarily hold the lid moving relative to the base temporarily relative to one another. Such indexing means may then for example comprise one or more notches on the rotational stroke of the movable cover relative to the base to snap and lock the movable cover in the first and second extreme rotational positions.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the movable cover may have a first slot oriented radially and the base may have a second slot oriented radially, the first slot being arranged facing the second slot only when the movable cover is arranged in the second extremal position of rotation.

Indeed, such an arrangement is advantageous in that it prevents any shifting of the tool relative to the turnbuckle when a tightening torque or loosening is applied to the central clamping / loosening member. When the movable cover is arranged in the first extreme position of rotation, the first slot of the mobile cover is then arranged facing a solid part of the base and reciprocally the second slot of the base is then arranged opposite a solid portion of the movable cover.

Such a movable cover thus has a dual function and then makes it possible both to control the coupling / uncoupling of the pawls with the toothed pinion and to hold in position the central tightening / loosening member of the turnbuckle inside. notch of the toothed gear.

Advantageously, the movable cover may have a cylindrical face of axis coinciding with the first axis of rotation OZ, the cylindrical face surrounding at least partially the open cylindrical bore of the base.

In other words, the cylindrical face can extend to the periphery of the flat face of the movable cover and come to cover all or part of the base. Such an arrangement makes it possible in particular to facilitate the rotational actuation of the mobile cover by the user of the tool. The user can indeed exert with a hand a manual clamping force on the cylindrical face of the movable cover and transmit a torque to the movable cover to move it in rotation axis OZ relative to the base.

In addition, such a cylindrical face of the movable cover may comprise rotation guide means cooperating with complementary means of the base and for achieving the degree of freedom in rotation about the first axis of rotation OZ of the movable cover relative to the base. Such guiding means may in particular comprise a peripheral groove formed in the base and a lug formed in an internal portion of the cylindrical face of the movable cover. In practice, the clamping / loosening tool may comprise an intermediate guide plate having at least two holes allowing the cylindrical protrusions of axis CZ and DZ to pass through the guide plate, the orifices being arranged symmetrically one. relative to each other by a rotation about the first axis of rotation OZ and respectively having a substantially oblong and curved shape.

In other words, such an intermediate plate is covered in whole or in part by the flat face of the movable cover and is held in position relative to the base. The orifices of the guide plate make it possible to ensure the rotational guidance of the pawls thanks to their respective substantially oblong and curved shape allowing the displacement of the cylindrical protrusions of axis CZ, DZ between the coupled and uncoupled positions of the pawls with the teeth of the toothed gear.

According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, the intermediate guide plate may have a first cylindrical portion of axis guide coincides with the first axis of rotation OZ, the base having a second cylindrical portion of axis guide coincides with the first axis of rotation OZ, the first and second cylindrical guide portions for rotating the gear pinion about the first axis of rotation OZ.

In other words, the first and second cylindrical guide portions are arranged coaxially on the axis of rotation OZ and make it possible to confer a degree of freedom in rotation of the toothed pinion relative to the base and to the intermediate guide plate around the axis. OZ.

Furthermore, the first and second cylindrical guide portions may comprise guide bearings in rotation of the toothed pinion, these bearings being for example formed by ball bearings or rings of low friction material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or bronze called "self-lubricating".

The invention and its advantages will appear in more detail in the context of the description which follows with examples given by way of illustration with reference to the appended figures which represent:

- Figure 1, an exploded perspective view of a clamping / loosening tool according to the invention, and

- Figures 2 and 3, two views from above of the clamping / loosening tool illustrating the two extreme rotational positions of the movable cover according to the invention.

The elements present in several separate figures are assigned a single reference.

Note that three directions OX, OY and OZ orthogonal to each other are shown in Figures 1 and 3. The axis OZ is the axis of rotation around which the tool is maneuvered by a user to allow clamping / Loosening a central clamping member of a turnbuckle (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1, such a tightening / loosening tool 1 comprises a base 2 extended by a handle or a lever extending radially with respect to the axis OZ and allowing the user to transmit a tightening torque. / loosening at the base 2.

In addition, such a base 2 comprises a cylindrical bore 3 of center O open on a first face 4 and allowing a toothed pinion 5 to be inserted into the base 2. The toothed gear 5 is then arranged in pivot connection OZ axis relative to the base 2 and has a cylindrical portion 7 provided with a plurality of teeth 6.

This plurality of teeth 6 of the toothed pinion 5 then cooperates with free ends 14 and 15 of at least two pawls 12 and 13 rotatable respectively about the axes AZ and BZ relative to the base 2. In this way, such a tool allows to transmit a tightening / loosening torque only in a direction of rotation of the base 2 about the axis of rotation OZ. In the opposite direction of axis OZ rotation, the free ends 14 and 15 of the pawls 12 and 13 slide on the teeth 6 in the manner of a freewheel.

However, if the user of the tool wishes to reverse the transmission direction of the torque of the base 2 to the toothed gear 5, it is sufficient to rotate 180 degrees the tool around the axis of the handle. Furthermore, the toothed gear 5 also has an open notch 8 for rotating the central clamping member. Such a notch 8 thus has a lateral opening 9 arranged at the level of the cylindrical portion 7 and two flat faces 10 and 11 arranged in parallel. In addition, such a tool comprises an intermediate guide plate 34 having at least two orifices 35 and 36 and a first cylindrical guide portion 37 of axis coinciding with the first axis of rotation OZ.

The orifices 35 and 36 allow at least two cylindrical protuberances 16 and 17 of axis CZ and DZ to pass freely through the intermediate guide plate 34. Such orifices 35 and 36 may thus respectively have a substantially curved and oblong shape. these shapes being symmetrical with respect to each other by a rotation of axis OZ. The first cylindrical guiding portion 37 is in turn arranged coaxially with a second cylindrical guiding portion 38 of the base 2. These first and second cylindrical guiding portions 37 and 38 then make it possible to guide the toothed pinion 5 in rotation.

Finally, the tool 1 comprises a movable cover 20 movable in rotation about the axis OZ with respect to the base 2 between a first rotational end position P1 shown in FIG. 2 and a second extreme rotation position P2 represented in FIG. 3. Such a cover has a flat face 21 and a cylindrical face 33 extending at the periphery of the flat face 21 coaxially with respect to the axis OZ. Such a cylindrical face 33 makes it possible to at least partially surround the open cylindrical bore 3 of the base 2 and the user of the tool 1 to facilitate the relative displacement in rotation of the movable cover 20 with respect to the base 2 around the OZ axis.

Moreover, the flat face 21 has at least two indentations 22 and 23 whose function is to rotate the cylindrical protrusions 16 and 17 and therefore the free ends 14 and 15 around their respective axes of rotation AZ and BZ.

Each notch 22, 23 then has a substantially oblong and curved shape, the notch 23 being symmetrical to the notch 22 by a rotation axis OZ. In addition, each notch 22, 23 has a first end 24, 25 having, with respect to said center O, a first radius E E and a second end 26, 27 having, with respect to said center O, a second radius OF, the first radius OE being smaller than the second radius OF.

As represented in FIG. 2, the first extreme position of rotation P1 thus corresponds to the positioning of the cylindrical protuberances 16 and 17 at the first end 24, 25 of each notch 22, 23.

And as shown in FIG. 3, the second extreme position of rotation P2 corresponds to the positioning of the cylindrical protuberances 16 and 17 at the second end 26, 27 of each indentation 22, 23.

In addition, the first end 24, 25 of the substantially oblong and curved shape extends radially towards the center O to allow the deflection of each pawl 12 and 13 during the relative rotation between the pinion 5 and the base 2.

Such a movable cover 20 also has a first slot 31 oriented radially relative to the axis OZ and allowing the clamping / loosening member to penetrate into the tool 1 when the first slot 31 is arranged opposite a second slot 32 formed in the base 2. Such a relative positioning of the movable cover 20 relative to the base 2 corresponds to the second extreme position of rotation P2 shown in Figure 3.

In addition, indexing means 30 can make it possible to immobilize at least temporarily the cover 20 relative to the base 2. These indexing means 30 may for example comprise one or more notches on the rotational stroke of the movable cover 20 by relative to the base 2 to snap and lock the movable cover 20 in the first and second extreme rotation positions P1 and P2.

In addition, the intermediate guide plate 34 also has a third slot 39 oriented radially relative to the axis OZ and allowing the clamping / unclamping member enter the tool 1 when the movable cover 20 is arranged in the second extreme position of rotation P2.

Naturally, the present invention is subject to many variations as to its implementation. Although several embodiments have been described, it is well understood that it is not conceivable to exhaustively identify all the possible modes. It is of course conceivable to replace a means described by equivalent means without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Manual tightening / loosening tool (1) for a screw-threader comprising a central clamping / loosening member, said tool (1) comprising:

A base (2) adapted to be manually rotated by a user of said clamping / loosening tool (1) around a first axis of rotation (OZ), said base (1) having a cylindrical bore (3) of center O open on a first face (4),

A toothed gear (5) arranged inside said cylindrical bore (3), said toothed gear (5) having a plurality of teeth (6) arranged at a cylindrical portion (7) of said toothed gear (5) said toothed gear (5) having an open notch (8) radially oriented, said notch (8) having:

a lateral opening (9) arranged at the level of said cylindrical portion (7) of said toothed pinion (5) and making it possible to introduce said central clamping / loosening member radially into said pinion gear (5),

two planar faces (10 and 11) arranged in parallel allowing said toothed pinion (5) to rotate said central clamping / loosening member of said screwdriver,

At least two movable pawls (12 and 13) respectively having, relative to said base (2), a degree of freedom in rotation about a second axis of rotation (AZ, BZ) arranged parallel to said first axis of rotation; rotation (OZ), said at least two pawls (12 and 13) respectively comprising a free end (14 and 15) adapted to cooperate with said plurality of teeth (6) of said pinion gear (5) for rotating the toothed pinion (5) about said first axis of rotation (OZ) during a rotational movement of said base (2) about said first axis of rotation (OZ), characterized in that each of said at least two pawls (12 and 13) comprises a cylindrical protrusion (16 and 17) of axis (CZ, DZ) arranged at their respective free ends (14 and 15), each cylindrical protrusion (16, 17) of axis (CZ , DZ) extending parallel to said first axis of rotation (OZ), and in that said clamping / loosening tool (1) comprises a movable cover (20) having, relative to said base (2), a degree for freedom of rotation about said first axis of rotation (OZ) enabling said movable cover (20) to move in rotation with respect to said base (2) between a first extreme position of rotation (P1) and a second extreme position of rotation ( P2), said movable cover (20) having a planar face (21) arranged ndicularly with respect to said first axis of rotation (OZ), said flat face (21) partially covering said first face (4) of said open cylindrical bore (3) of said base (2), said planar face (21) having at least two indentations (22 and 23), each notch (22, 23) cooperating with one of the cylindrical protrusions (16, 17) of axis (CZ, DZ) and for simultaneously coupling / uncoupling said free ends (14, 15 ) said at least two pawls (12 and 13) with said plurality of teeth (6) of said toothed gear (5) by a rotational movement about said first axis of rotation (OZ) of said movable cover (20) with respect to said base ( 2), at least one of said free ends (14 and 15) of said at least two pawls (12 and 13) being coupled with said plurality of teeth (6) of said toothed gear (5) when said movable cover (20) is arranged in said first extreme rotational position (P1) and said extremities es libres (14 and 15) of said at least two ratchets (12 and 13) being uncoupled from said plurality of teeth (6) of said toothed gear (5) when said movable cover (20) is arranged in said second rotational end position (P2).

2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least two indentations (22 and 23) are symmetrical with respect to each other by a rotation about said first axis of rotation (OZ).

3. Tool according to claim 2, characterized in that said at least two indentations (22 and 23) respectively have a substantially oblong and curved shape.

4. Tool according to claim 3, characterized in that said substantially oblong and curved shape of each notch (22 and 23) comprises a first end (24, 25) having, with respect to said center O, a first radius E E and a second end (26, 27) having, relative to said center O, a second radius OF, said first radius E E being less than said second radius OF.

5. Tool according to claim 4, characterized in that said first end (24, 25) of said substantially oblong and curved form extends radially towards said center O.

6. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said clamping tool / loosening (1) comprises indexing means (30) for indexing in position said movable cover (20) relative audit base (2) in said first and second extreme rotational positions (P1 and P2).

7. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said movable cover (20) has a first slot (31) oriented radially and said base (2) has a second slot (32) oriented radially, said first slot (31) being arranged opposite the second slot (32) only when said movable cover (20) is arranged in said second extreme position of rotation (P2).

8. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said movable cover (20) has a cylindrical face (33) of axis coincident with said first axis of rotation (OZ), said cylindrical face (33 ) at least partially surrounding said open cylindrical bore (3) of said base (2).

9. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said clamping tool / loosening (1) comprises an intermediate guide plate (34) having at least two orifices (35 and 36) for said cylindrical protuberances (16 and 17) (CZ and DZ) to pass through said guide plate (34), said at least two orifices (35 and 36) being arranged symmetrically with respect to each other by a rotation about said first axis of rotation (OZ) and respectively having a substantially oblong and curved shape.

10. Tool according to claim 9, characterized in that said intermediate guide plate (34) has a first cylindrical guiding portion (37) axis coinciding with said first axis of rotation (OZ), said base (2). having a second cylindrical guide portion (38) of axis coincident with said first axis of rotation (OZ), said first and second cylindrical guide portions (37 and 38) for rotatably guiding said pinion gear (5) about said first axis of rotation (OZ).