WO2019195103A1 - Procédés de harq pour noma - Google Patents

Procédés de harq pour noma Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019195103A1
WO2019195103A1 PCT/US2019/024828 US2019024828W WO2019195103A1 WO 2019195103 A1 WO2019195103 A1 WO 2019195103A1 US 2019024828 W US2019024828 W US 2019024828W WO 2019195103 A1 WO2019195103 A1 WO 2019195103A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wtru
dmrss
dmrs
noma
mas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/024828
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kyle Jung-Lin Pan
Fengjun Xi
Original Assignee
Idac Holdings, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idac Holdings, Inc. filed Critical Idac Holdings, Inc.
Publication of WO2019195103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019195103A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1825—Adaptation of specific ARQ protocol parameters according to transmission conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1864—ARQ related signaling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0037—Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0094—Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/48—TPC being performed in particular situations during retransmission after error or non-acknowledgment

Definitions

  • 5G Fifth Generation
  • NR New Radio
  • use cases for 5G systems include low overhead, low data rate, power efficient services (e.g., Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC)), ultra-reliable low latency services (e.g., Ultra Reliable and Low latency Communications (URLLC)), and high data rate mobile broadband services (e.g., Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).
  • Massive Machine Type Communications mMTC
  • ultra-reliable low latency services e.g., Ultra Reliable and Low latency Communications (URLLC)
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • Such use cases may focus on different requirements such as higher data rate, higher spectrum efficiency, low power and higher energy efficiency, lower latency and higher reliability.
  • a wide range of spectrum bands, ranging from 700 MHz to 80 GHz, are being considered for a variety of deployment scenarios for 5G systems.
  • Examples of deployment scenarios that may be supported by a flexible 5G system architecture may include, but are not limited to include, the following deployment scenarios: standalone, non-standalone with assistance from a different air interface, centralized, virtualized, distributed over ideal backhaul, and/or distributed over non-ideal backhaul.
  • a WTRU may receive assistance information for management HARQ retransmission collision.
  • a WTRU may autonomously select and indicate NOMA parameters for HARQ link adaptation.
  • a WTRU configured to communicate using NOMA, may receive configuration information indicating at least one multiple access signature (MAS) or demodulation reference signal (DMRS) resource pool and associated transmission parameters.
  • MAS multiple access signature
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • the WTRU may receive a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) negative acknowledgment (NACK) for a previous transmission of data, and an indication of used MASs or DMRSs.
  • the WTRU may select a MAS or DMRS resource pool from the at least one MAS or DMRS resource pool based on at least one of the associated transmission parameters.
  • the WTRU may determine a set of available MASs or DMRSs based on the selected MAS or DMRS resource pool and the used MASs or DMRSs, and randomly select a MAS or DMRS from the set of available MASs or DMRSs.
  • the WTRU may perform HARQ retransmission of the data using the selected MAS or DMRS.
  • FIG. 1A is a system diagram illustrating an example communications system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented
  • FIG. 1 B is a system diagram illustrating an example wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A according to an embodiment;
  • WTRU wireless transmit/receive unit
  • FIG. 1 C is a system diagram illustrating an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A according to an embodiment;
  • RAN radio access network
  • CN core network
  • FIG. 1 D is a system diagram illustrating a further example RAN and a further example CN that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example transmitter for a code-domain based non- orthogonal multiple access schemes (NOMA) schemes;
  • NOMA non- orthogonal multiple access schemes
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example collision management procedure for NOMA hybrid automatic repeat request (FIARQ) retransmission
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of an example FIARQ retransmission procedure for NOMA
  • FIG. 5 is a resource diagram of an example DMRS or MAS resource pool including used resources 502 and available resources;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of an example FIARQ retransmission procedure with link adaptation for NOMA.
  • FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating an example communications system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc., to multiple wireless users.
  • the communications system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth.
  • the communications systems 100 may employ one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero-tail unique-word discrete Fourier transform Spread OFDM (ZT-UW-DFT-S-OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block-filtered OFDM, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), and the like.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal FDMA
  • SC-FDMA single-carrier FDMA
  • ZT-UW-DFT-S-OFDM zero-tail unique-word discrete Fourier transform Spread OFDM
  • UW-OFDM unique word OFDM
  • FBMC filter bank multicarrier
  • the communications system 100 may include wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a radio access network (RAN) 104, a core network (ON) 106, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 1 10, and other networks 1 12, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and/or network elements.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or communicate in a wireless environment.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals and may include a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and/or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and/or an automated processing chain contexts), a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and/or industrial wireless networks, and the like.
  • UE user equipment
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • HMD head-mounted display
  • a vehicle a drone
  • the communications systems 100 may also include a base station 1 14a and/or a base station 1 14b.
  • Each of the base stations 1 14a, 1 14b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106, the Internet 1 10, and/or the other networks 112.
  • the base stations 1 14a, 1 14b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a NodeB, an eNode B (eNB), a Flome Node B, a Flome eNode B, a next generation NodeB, such as a gNode B (gNB), a new radio (NR) NodeB, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 1 14a, 1 14b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 1 14a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements.
  • the base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104, which may also include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, and the like.
  • the base station 1 14a and/or the base station 1 14b may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.
  • a cell may provide coverage for a wireless service to a specific geographical area that may be relatively fixed or that may change over time. The cell may further be divided into cell sectors.
  • the cell associated with the base station 1 14a may be divided into three sectors.
  • the base station 1 14a may include three transceivers, i.e., one for each sector of the cell.
  • the base station 1 14a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple output
  • beamforming may be used to transmit and/or receive signals in desired spatial directions.
  • the base stations 1 14a, 1 14b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 1 16, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.).
  • the air interface 1 16 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and the like.
  • the base station 1 14a in the RAN 104 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA).
  • WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and/or Evolved HSPA (FISPA+).
  • HSPA may include High-Speed Downlink (DL) Packet Access (FISDPA) and/or High-Speed Uplink (UL) Packet Access (HSUPA).
  • the base station 1 14a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 1 16 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) and/or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro).
  • E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • LTE-A Pro LTE-Advanced Pro
  • the base station 1 14a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR Radio Access , which may establish the air interface 1 16 using NR.
  • a radio technology such as NR Radio Access
  • the base station 1 14a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies.
  • the base station 1 14a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement LTE radio access and NR radio access together, for instance using dual connectivity (DC) principles.
  • DC dual connectivity
  • the air interface utilized by WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and/or transmissions sent to/from multiple types of base stations (e.g., an eNB and a gNB).
  • base stations e.g., an eNB and a gNB.
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the like.
  • IEEE 802.11 i.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)
  • IEEE 802.16 i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)
  • CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO Code Division Multiple Access 2000
  • IS-95 Interim Standard 95
  • IS-856 Interim Standard 856
  • GSM Global System for
  • the base station 1 14b in FIG. 1 A may be a wireless router, Flome Node B, Flome eNode B, or access point, for example, and may utilize any suitable RAT for facilitating wireless connectivity in a localized area, such as a place of business, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a roadway, and the like.
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.1 1 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the base station 1 14b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
  • the base station 1 14b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR etc.) to establish a picocell or femtocell.
  • the base station 1 14b may have a direct connection to the Internet 1 10.
  • the base station 1 14b may not be required to access the Internet 1 10 via the CN 106.
  • the RAN 104 may be in communication with the CN 106, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d.
  • the data may have varying quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as differing throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, and the like.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the CN 106 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location- based services, pre-paid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and/or perform high- level security functions, such as user authentication.
  • the RAN 104 and/or the CN 106 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT.
  • the CN 106 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing a GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.
  • the CN 106 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 1 10, and/or the other networks 1 12.
  • the PSTN 108 may include circuit-switched telephone networks that provide plain old telephone service (POTS).
  • POTS plain old telephone service
  • the Internet 1 10 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP) and/or the internet protocol (IP) in the TCP/IP internet protocol suite.
  • the networks 1 12 may include wired and/or wireless communications networks owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the networks 1 12 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 or a different RAT.
  • Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links).
  • the WTRU 102c shown in FIG. 1A may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 1 14b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.
  • FIG. 1 B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102.
  • the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit/receive element 122, a speaker/microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display/touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and/or other peripherals 138, among others.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the processor 1 18 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, and the like.
  • the processor 1 18 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment.
  • the processor 1 18 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit/receive element 122. While FIG.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to, or receive signals from, a base station (e.g., the base station 1 14a) over the air interface 1 16.
  • a base station e.g., the base station 1 14a
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and/or receive RF signals.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an emitter/detector configured to transmit and/or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals, for example.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive both RF and light signals. It will be appreciated that the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive any combination of wireless signals.
  • the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit/receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit/receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 1 16.
  • the transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate the signals that are to be transmitted by the transmit/receive element 122 and to demodulate the signals that are received by the transmit/receive element 122.
  • the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities.
  • the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.1 1 , for example.
  • the processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to, and may receive user input data from, the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit).
  • the processor 1 18 may also output user data to the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128.
  • the processor 1 18 may access information from, and store data in, any type of suitable memory, such as the non-removable memory 130 and/or the removable memory 132.
  • the non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), readonly memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device.
  • the removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • SD secure digital
  • the processor 1 18 may access information from, and store data in, memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).
  • the processor 1 18 may receive power from the power source 134, and may be configured to distribute and/or control the power to the other components in the WTRU 102.
  • the power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102.
  • the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and the like.
  • the processor 1 18 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102.
  • location information e.g., longitude and latitude
  • the WTRU 102 may receive location information over the air interface 1 16 from a base station (e.g., base stations 1 14a, 1 14b) and/or determine its location based on the timing of the signals being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by way of any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the processor 118 may further be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and/or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality and/or wired or wireless connectivity.
  • the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an e-compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photographs and/or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a Virtual Reality and/or Augmented Reality (VR/AR) device, an activity tracker, and the like.
  • FM frequency modulated
  • the peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors.
  • the sensors may be one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor, an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, a humidity sensor and the like.
  • the WTRU 102 may include a full duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for both the UL (e.g., for transmission) and DL (e.g., for reception) may be concurrent and/or simultaneous.
  • the full duplex radio may include an interference management unit to reduce and or substantially eliminate selfinterference via either hardware (e.g., a choke) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via processor 1 18).
  • the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the UL (e.g., for transmission) or the DL (e.g., for reception)).
  • a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the UL (e.g., for transmission) or the DL (e.g., for reception)).
  • FIG. 1 C is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to an embodiment.
  • the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.
  • the RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 1 16.
  • the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology.
  • the eNode-B 160a for example, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and/or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
  • Each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and/or DL, and the like. As shown in FIG. 1 C, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another over an X2 interface.
  • the CN 106 shown in FIG. 1 C may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 166. While the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW serving gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • the MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 162a, 162b, 162c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control node.
  • the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation/deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
  • the MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and/or WCDMA.
  • the SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via the S1 interface.
  • the SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to/from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • the SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring user planes during inter-eNode B handovers, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
  • the SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 1 10, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
  • packet-switched networks such as the Internet 1 10
  • the CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks.
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land- line communications devices.
  • the CN 106 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the WTRU is described in FIGS. 1 A-1 D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments that such a terminal may use (e.g., temporarily or permanently) wired communication interfaces with the communication network.
  • the other network 1 12 may be a WLAN.
  • a WLAN in Infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS) mode may have an Access Point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP.
  • the AP may have access or an interface to a Distribution System (DS) or another type of wired/wireless network that carries traffic in to and/or out of the BSS.
  • Traffic to STAs that originates from outside the BSS may arrive through the AP and may be delivered to the STAs.
  • Traffic originating from STAs to destinations outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be delivered to respective destinations.
  • Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent through the AP, for example, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP and the AP may deliver the traffic to the destination STA.
  • the traffic between STAs within a BSS may be considered and/or referred to as peer-to-peer traffic.
  • the peer-to-peer traffic may be sent between (e.g., directly between) the source and destination STAs with a direct link setup (DLS).
  • the DLS may use an 802.1 1 e DLS or an 802.11 z tunneled DLS (TDLS).
  • a WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and the STAs (e.g., all of the STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other.
  • the IBSS mode of communication may sometimes be referred to herein as an“ad-hoc” mode of communication.
  • the AP may transmit a beacon on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel.
  • the primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically set width.
  • the primary channel may be the operating channel of the BSS and may be used by the STAs to establish a connection with the AP.
  • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) may be implemented, for example in 802.11 systems.
  • CSMA/CA the STAs (e.g., every STA), including the AP, may sense the primary channel.
  • High Throughput (HT) STAs may use a 40 MHz wide channel for communication, for example, via a combination of the primary 20 MHz channel with an adjacent or nonadjacent 20 MHz channel to form a 40 MHz wide channel.
  • V HT STAs may support 20MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and/or 160 MHz wide channels.
  • the 40 MHz, and/or 80 MHz, channels may be formed by combining contiguous 20 MHz channels.
  • a 160 MHz channel may be formed by combining 8 contiguous 20 MHz channels, or by combining two non-contiguous 80 MHz channels, which may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration.
  • the data, after channel encoding may be passed through a segment parser that may divide the data into two streams.
  • Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, and time domain processing may be done on each stream separately.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • the streams may be mapped on to the two 80 MHz channels, and the data may be transmitted by a transmitting STA.
  • the above described operation for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed, and the combined data may be sent to the Medium Access Control (MAC).
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • Sub 1 GHz modes of operation are supported by 802.1 1 af and 802.1 1 ah.
  • the channel operating bandwidths, and carriers, are reduced in 802.11 af and 802.1 1 ah relative to those used in 802.1 1 h, and 802.1 1 ac.
  • 802.1 1 af supports 5 MHz, 10 MHz, and 20 MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum
  • 802.1 1 ah supports 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, and 16 MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum.
  • 802.1 1 ah may support Meter Type Control/Machine-Type Communications (MTC), such as MTC devices in a macro coverage area.
  • MTC Meter Type Control/Machine-Type Communications
  • MTC devices may have certain capabilities, for example, limited capabilities including support for (e.g., only support for) certain and/or limited bandwidths.
  • the MTC devices may include a battery with a battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain a very long battery life).
  • WLAN systems which may support multiple channels, and channel bandwidths, such as 802.1 1 h, 802.1 1 ac, 802.1 1 af, and 802.1 1 ah, include a channel which may be designated as the primary channel.
  • the primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the largest common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS.
  • the bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and/or limited by a STA, from among all STAs in operating in a BSS, which supports the smallest bandwidth operating mode.
  • the primary channel may be 1 MHz wide for STAs (e.g., MTC type devices) that support (e.g., only support) a 1 MHz mode, even if the AP, and other STAs in the BSS support 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, 16 MHz, and/or other channel bandwidth operating modes.
  • Carrier sensing and/or Network Allocation Vector (NAV) settings may depend on the status of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, due to a STA (which supports only a 1 MHz operating mode) transmitting to the AP, all available frequency bands may be considered busy even though a majority of the available frequency bands remains idle.
  • STAs e.g., MTC type devices
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • the available frequency bands which may be used by 802.1 1 ah, are from 902 MHz to 928 MHz. In Korea, the available frequency bands are from 917.5 MHz to 923.5 MHz. In Japan, the available frequency bands are from 916.5 MHz to 927.5 MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.1 1 ah is 6 MHz to 26 MHz depending on the country code.
  • FIG. 1 D is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to an embodiment.
  • the RAN 104 may employ an NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 1 16.
  • the RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.
  • the RAN 104 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 1 16.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology.
  • gNBs 180a, 108b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and/or receive signals from the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c.
  • the gNB 180a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and/or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology.
  • the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on unlicensed spectrum while the remaining component carriers may be on licensed spectrum.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology.
  • WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and/or gNB 180c).
  • CoMP Coordinated Multi-Point
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with a scalable numerology. For example, the OFDM symbol spacing and/or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and/or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframe or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of various or scalable lengths (e.g., containing a varying number of OFDM symbols and/or lasting varying lengths of absolute time).
  • TTIs subframe or transmission time intervals
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and/or a non-standalone configuration.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without also accessing other RANs (e.g., such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c).
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may utilize one or more of gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as a mobility anchor point.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with/connect to gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating with/connecting to another RAN such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously.
  • eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may serve as a mobility anchor for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and/or throughput for servicing WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and/or DL, support of network slicing, DC, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards User Plane Function (UPF) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 182a, 182b and the like. As shown in FIG. 1D, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with one another over an Xn interface.
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the CN 106 shown in FIG. 1D may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one Session Management Function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possibly a Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. While the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 104 via an N2 interface and may serve as a control node.
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing (e.g., handling of different protocol data unit (PDU) sessions with different requirements), selecting a particular SMF 183a, 183b, management of the registration area, termination of non-access stratum (NAS) signaling, mobility management, and the like.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • Network slicing may be used by the AMF 182a, 182b in order to customize CN support for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the types of services being utilized WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • different network slices may be established for different use cases such as services relying on ultrareliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for MTC access, and the like.
  • URLLC ultrareliable low latency
  • eMBB enhanced massive mobile broadband
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and/or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.
  • radio technologies such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and/or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to an AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 106 via an N1 1 interface.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to a UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 106 via an N4 interface.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b and configure the routing of traffic through the UPF 184a, 184b.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP address, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing DL data notifications, and the like.
  • a PDU session type may be IP- based, non-IP based, Ethernet-based, and the like.
  • the UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 104 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 1 10, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
  • the UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multihomed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering DL packets, providing mobility anchoring, and the like.
  • the CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks.
  • the CN 106 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 1 12, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to a local DN 185a, 185b through the UPF 184a, 184b via the N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.
  • one or more, or all, of the functions described herein with regard to one or more of: WTRU 102a-d, Base Station 1 14a-b, eNode-B 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNB 180a-c, AMF 182a-b, UPF 184a-b, SMF 183a-b, DN 185a-b, and/or any other device(s) described herein, may be performed by one or more emulation devices (not shown).
  • the emulation devices may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more, or all, of the functions described herein.
  • the emulation devices may be used to test other devices and/or to simulate network and/or WTRU functions.
  • the emulation devices may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a lab environment and/or in an operator network environment.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being fully or partially implemented and/or deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network in order to test other devices within the communication network.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being temporarily implemented/deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network.
  • the emulation device may be directly coupled to another device for purposes of testing and/or performing testing using over-the-air wireless communications.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, including all, functions while not being implemented/deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network.
  • the emulation devices may be utilized in a testing scenario in a testing laboratory and/or a non-deployed (e.g., testing) wired and/or wireless communication network in order to implement testing of one or more components.
  • the one or more emulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and/or wireless communications via RF circuitry (e.g., which may include one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation devices to transmit and/or receive data.
  • RF circuitry e.g., which may include one or more antennas
  • 5G NR systems may be referred to interchangeably as 5G systems or NR systems.
  • severe path loss may become a crucial limitation on the extent of coverage that may be provided by 5G systems. Transmission may also suffer from non- line-of-sight losses, such as diffraction loss, penetration loss, oxygen absorption loss, and/or foliage loss.
  • a base station and a WTRU may need to overcome high path loss in order to discover each other.
  • Using dozens or even hundreds of antenna elements to generate beamformed signals may be an effective way to compensate for severe path loss with significant beamforming gain.
  • Beamforming techniques may include digital beamforming, analogue beamforming or hybrid beamforming.
  • a multiple access scheme for NR systems may be orthogonal for both downlink and uplink data transmissions, meaning that time and frequency physical resources of different users do not overlap.
  • NOMA non-orthogonal multiple-access
  • DL downlink
  • MU multi-user
  • MUST superposition transmission
  • NR evaluation of system performance using NOMA schemes has shown benefit of NOMA in terms of uplink (UL) link-level sum throughput and overloading capability, as well as system capacity enhancement in terms of supported packet arrival rate at given system outage.
  • NR may employ UL NOMA schemes for mMTC use cases.
  • Non-orthogonal transmission may be applied to grant-based and/or grant-free transmission.
  • the benefits of non-orthogonal multiple access, for example when enabling grant-free transmission may encompass a variety of use cases or deployment scenarios, such as eMBB, URLLC and mMTC.
  • NOMA schemes have been developed in recent years, for example to address some of the challenges of wireless communications such as high spectral efficiency and massive connectivity.
  • NOMA schemes may involve more than one user being served in each orthogonal resource block (e.g., time slot, frequency channel and spreading code) or an orthogonal spatial degree of freedom.
  • a NOMA scheme may involve multiple users using the same spreading code.
  • a NOMA scheme may multiplex users in the code-domain. Different users may be assigned different spreading codes and may be multiplexed over the same time-frequency resources.
  • NOMA schemes include power-domain NOMA (e.g., users are allocated to the same time slot, OFDMA subcarrier or spreading code and are allocated different power levels), sparse code multiple access (SOMA), pattern division multiple access (PDMA), low density spread (LDS) and lattice partition multiple access (LPMA).
  • SOMA sparse code multiple access
  • PDMA pattern division multiple access
  • LDS low density spread
  • LPMA lattice partition multiple access
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example transmitter 200 for a code-domain based NOMA scheme.
  • the example transmitter 200 may be in a WTRU or a base station, and may include other components not shown.
  • the transmitter 200 may receive input bits 202 to be transmitted, and may encode the input bits 202 using forward error correction (FEC) encoder 204 (e.g., block code, convolutional code) to generate coded bits 206.
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the coded bits 206 may be modulated using modulator 208 to map the coded bits to modulation symbols 210 (e.g., to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation points).
  • the modulation symbols 210 may be spread by spreader 212 to generate spread symbols 214.
  • the spreader 212 may use regular spreading or sparse spreading using sparse codes or sequences.
  • the spreading sequences used by spreader 212 may be short (e.g., the spreading sequence may include four to eight samples).
  • the spread symbols may be mapped to subcarriers by subcarrier mapper 216 and converted to the frequency domain by Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) 218 to generate the output signal 220 for transmission over the channel.
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform
  • Example mechanisms may be used for collision management for hybrid automatic repeat request (FIARQ) retransmission for NOMA.
  • FIARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • NOMA multiple access
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • FIARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • Techniques for avoiding collisions of NOMA retransmissions during FIARQ retransmission may be used to ensure the success of FIARQ operation for NOMA.
  • the timely retransmission of FIARQ may be a critical part of meeting low latency thresholds.
  • improving the reliability of NOMA retransmissions may help achieve high performance and low latency of FIARQ operation for NOMA.
  • a WTRU may use the same or different MA signature or DMRS for retransmission during FIARQ operation for NOMA.
  • the WTRU may receive assistance information that the WTRU may use to manage or prevent FIARQ retransmission collision.
  • the gNB may communicate (e.g., broadcast or multicast) with WTRUs or a group of WTRUs information regarding the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs.
  • the WTRUs may (or may not) have the prior knowledge about what resources are available and what resources are not available.
  • a WTRU may not be allowed to select a MA signature or DMRS from the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs (e.g., as indicated by gNB), which are considered not to be available.
  • the WTRU may select the MA signature or DMRS from the still available MA signature(s) and DMRS(s) in the MA signature and DMRS pool. For example, the WTRU may select the MA signature or DMRS from those which are not broadcasted by gNB.
  • the gNB may broadcast or multicast the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs to WTRUs, for example as a dynamic broadcast or multicast that may be implemented using a common control channel and/or group common control channel (e.g., group common physical downlink control channel (GC-PDCCH)).
  • group common control channel e.g., group common physical downlink control channel (GC-PDCCH)
  • the gNB may use the GC-PDCCH (or any other channel) to indicate the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs to a group of WTRUs or all the WTRUs.
  • the gNB may use other system information (OSI) or other information to indicate the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs to a group of WTRUs or all WTRUs.
  • OSI system information
  • some MA signature(s) or DMRS(s) may be scheduled to some WTRUs by the gNB.
  • the gNB may broadcast the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs to WTRUs, for example as a dynamic broadcast that may be implemented using a common control channel and/or group common control channel (e.g., GC-PDCCH).
  • the gNB may multicast the available MA signatures and/or DMRSs to WTRUs, for example as a dynamic multicast that may be implemented using a common control channel and/or group common control channel (e.g., GC-PDCCH).
  • the set or pool of DMRSs may include any one or more of the following subsets: subset A, which may include DMRSs that are selected (e.g., randomly) by WTRUs; subset
  • the set or pool of MA signatures may have the following subsets: subset A, which may include MA signatures that are (e.g., randomly) selected by WTRUs; subset B, which may include MA signatures that are scheduled by the gNB; and/or subset
  • WTRU C which may include MA signatures that are not used and still available for use by WTRUs (e.g., MA signatures either not scheduled by gNB or not selected by WTRUs).
  • the gNB may use GC-PDCCH to dynamically broadcast or multicast the subset A and subset B including the MA signatures and/or DMRSs that are already being used (e.g., scheduled by gNB or selected by WTRUs).
  • the gNB may broadcast or multicast the subset C including MA signatures and/or DMRSs that are not being used and are thus still available for use.
  • the WTRU may receive an indication regarding whether the received information (e.g., list of MA signatures and/or DMRSs that are part of one or more subsets) is for already used DMRSs and/or MA signatures or for available DMRSs and/or MA signatures.
  • an indicator may be used to indicate which subset(s) are indicated. For example, if the total size of subsets A and B is larger than the size of subset C, it may be more efficient to broadcast the subset C since its size is smaller. On the other hand, if the total size of subsets A and B is smaller than the size of subset C, it may be more efficient to broadcast or multicast the subsets A and B (and not subset C) to reduce signaling overhead.
  • a one (1 ) bit indicator, Qn may be used. For example, Qn set to“0” may indicate that subset C is indicated, and Qn set to ⁇ ” may indicate that joint subsets A and B are indicated.
  • a two-bit indicator may be used.
  • Zn set to“00” may indicate that subset A is indicated
  • Zn set to“01” may indicate that subset B is indicated
  • Zn set to“10” may indicate that subset C is indicated
  • Zn set to“1 1” may be reserved or may indicate that the joint subsets A and B are indicated.
  • the gNB may broadcast acknowledgements/negative acknowledgements (ACKs/NACKs) (or other indicator) to WTRUs in order to provide information regarding available/unavailable MA signatures and/or DMRSs.
  • ACKs/NACKs acknowledgements/negative acknowledgements
  • a NACK transmitted to/received by the WTRU may imply that MA signatures and/or DMRSs that are already used for initial transmission may not be used by other WTRUs for retransmission during FIARQ operation.
  • WTRUs may not be able to select the already used MA signatures and/or DMRSs for either transmission or retransmission for FIARQ operation.
  • An ACK transmitted to/received by the WTRU may imply that DMRSs that are already used for initial transmission may be released.
  • DMRSs that are already used for initial transmission may be freed up and may be made available and used for retransmission by other WTRUs for FIARQ operation.
  • an indicator to indicate which subset(s) are indicated as described in the examples above, MA signature and/or DMRS resource utilization may be more efficient for FIARQ.
  • a NACK from a gNB to a WTRU may contain some information to assist FIARQ retransmission for NOMA.
  • the NACK may contain any of the following information: MA signatures that are already used in the first transmission by the WTRU in the UL (i.e., before any retransmissions of the same data) and/or a previous transmission; DMRSs that are already used in the first transmission (and/or previous transmission); and/or resource indices that are already used in the first transmission (and/or previous transmission).
  • the WTRU may send to the gNB the planned or pre-selected MA signature, DMRS and/or resource in the first transmission (i.e., before any retransmissions of the same data) and/or in another UL transmission.
  • the gNB may then broadcast the planned or preselected MA signatures, DMRSs and/or resources for FIARQ retransmission to the WTRUs to prevent collision.
  • the WTRU may pre-select (and send to the gNB) a resource, MA signature and/or DMRS for a next new transmission or subsequent transmission and the gNB may broadcast the resource, MA signature and/or DMRS for next new transmission or subsequent transmission.
  • resource management may be performed for HARQ by using different transmission and retransmission parameters.
  • HARQ may use any of the following different transmission and retransmission parameters: different resource or resource set and/or sizes; different MA signatures or MA signature set and/or sizes, different DMRSs or DMRS set and/or sizes; and/or different MA codewords or MA codeword sets and/or MA codeword lengths (e.g., an MA codeword may be a spreading code, scrambling code, and/or interleaving pattern).
  • Different resource or resource set and/or resource size may be used for transmission and retransmission.
  • resource or resource set A1 with a resource size of S1 may be used for initial transmission and resource or resource set B1 with a resource size of S2 may be used for retransmission for HARQ operation.
  • Different MA signatures or MA signature sets and/or MA signature sizes may be used for transmission and retransmission.
  • MA signature or signature set A2 with MA signature or signature set size of S1 may be used for an initial transmission and MA signature or signature set B2 with MA signature or signature set size of S2 may be used for retransmission for HARQ operation.
  • DMRSs or DMRS set and/or sizes may be used for transmission and retransmission.
  • DMRS or DMRS set A3 with DMRS or DMRS set size of S1 may be used for an initial transmission and DMRS or DMRS set B3 with DMRS or DMRS set size of S2 may be used for retransmission for HARQ operation.
  • DMRS or DMRS set B3 with DMRS or DMRS set size of S2 may be used for retransmission for HARQ operation.
  • Different MA codewords, MA codeword sets and/or MA codeword lengths may be used for transmission and retransmission.
  • MA codewords or MA codeword set C1 with MA codewords or MA codeword set size of S1 and/or codeword length L1 may be used for the initial transmission and MA codewords or MA codeword set C2 with MA codewords or MA codeword set size of S2 and/or codeword length L2 may be used for retransmission for HARQ operation.
  • the initial transmission and (HARQ) retransmission of a packet may be performed using any one or more of the following transmission parameters in order to balance the tradeoff between transmission and retransmission for HARQ to improve performance, reliability and latency and reduce collision: same or different resources or resource sets; same or different resource sizes or resource set sizes; same or different MA signatures or MA signatures sets; same or different MA signature sizes or MA signatures set sizes; same or different DMRSs or DMRS sets; same or different DMRS sizes or DMRS set sizes; same or different MA codewords or MA codeword sets; same or different MA codeword sizes or MA codeword set sizes; and/or same or different MA codeword lengths.
  • an MA signature and DMRS may be associated with each other to reduce collision.
  • Explicit or implicit association between DMRS and MA signature may be used.
  • MA signature and DMRS may be mapped to each other using a one-to-one mapping or association, a one-to-many mapping or association, a many-to-one mapping or association, or a many-to-many mapping or association.
  • implicit association MA signature and DMRS may be mapped to each other using a one-to-one mapping or association, a one-to-many mapping or association, a many-to-one mapping or association, or a many-to-many mapping or association.
  • the association between the MA signature and DMRS may be based on the WTRU ID and/or other parameters and/or may use a modulo operation.
  • the MA signature and DMRS may be associated with each other as functions of the same WTRU ID.
  • the MA signature may be derived from DMRS.
  • the DMRS may be derived from the MA signature.
  • the DMRS pool size may be a full set or a subset.
  • MA signature pool size may be a full set or a subset.
  • NOMA resource pool size may be a full set or a subset.
  • the pool size for DMRS, MA signature and/or NOMA resource may be predetermined, configurable or indicated.
  • the WTRU may use the same or different resource for MA signature or DMRS for retransmission during FIARQ operation for NOMA.
  • the gNB may broadcast the already used NOMA resource for MA signatures and/or DMRSs to WTRUs to provide the WTRUs with prior knowledge about which NOMA resources are available and which NOMA resources are not available.
  • the WTRU may select the NOMA resource for MA signature or DMRS from the still available resources from the resource pool for MA signature and DMRS.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example collision management procedure 300 for NOMA FIARQ retransmission, which may be performed by a gNB and a WTRU.
  • the gNB may obtain the DMRSs or MA signatures (MASs) selected by the WTRU.
  • the gNB may determine scheduled DMRSs or MA signatures (i.e., DMRSs or MASs that are in use by other WTRUs).
  • the gNB may aggregate all the selected and schedules DMRSs or MA signatures, which may be the list of unavailable DMRSs or MA signatures.
  • the gNB may send (e.g., broadcast) the selected and scheduled DMRSs or MA signatures, thereby providing the recipient WTRU with the list of unavailable DMRSs or MA signatures.
  • the WTRU may receive the information indicating the used and scheduled DMRSs or MASs from the gNB.
  • the WTRU may determine the available DMRSs or MASs based on the received information from the gNB. For example, the WTRU may determine the available DMRSs or MASs as the DMRSs or MASs in the DMRS or MAS pool that does not include the indicated used and scheduled DMRSs or MASs.
  • the WTRU may select (e.g., randomly) the DMRS or MA signature from the available DMRSs or MA signatures in the pool.
  • the WTRU may the selected DMRS or MA signature in a HARQ retransmission.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of an example FIARQ retransmission procedure 400 for NOMA, which may be performed by a WTRU.
  • the WTRU may receive a configuration of one or more MA signature or DMRS resource pools and associated transmission parameters. Examples of associated transmission parameters for the MAS/DMRS resource pools may include, but are not limited to include, transmission type, retransmission number, priority and/or reliability.
  • the WTRU may receive a FIARQ NACK and information indicating used DMRSs and/or MA signatures (the information may be carried in the FIARK NACK or may be received in a separate message).
  • the gNB may determine the used DMRSs or MASs to include DMRSs or MASs received from WTRUs and/or DMRSs or MASs scheduled by the gNB, and may provide the list of used DRMSs or MASs to the WTRU by broadcast (e.g., on the GC-PDCCFI or other PFHY signaling).
  • the WTRU may determine a MAS/DMRS pool from the configured pools based on at least one of the associated transmission parameters.
  • the WTRU may determine the available DMRSs and/or MA signatures by removing the used DMRSs and/or MASs (as indicate in the information received 404) from the MAS/DMRS pool.
  • FIG. 5 is a resource diagram of an example DMRS or MAS resource pool 500 including used resources 502, as indicated by the information indicating used DMRSs and/or MA signatures, and available or not used resources 504.
  • the WTRU may select (e.g., randomly) a DMRS and/or MA signature from the available DMRSs and/or MA signatures (e.g., the available resources 504 in FIG. 5).
  • the WTRU may transmit a FIARQ retransmission using the selected DMRSs and/or MA signature.
  • the example FIARQ retransmission procedure 400 enables a dynamic pool size for each FIARQ retransmission that includes updated information about available and unavailable resources, which may improve the chance of successful transmission of the FIARQ retransmission by reducing the risk of collision.
  • Mechanisms for link adaptation may be used for HARQ retransmission for NOMA.
  • a WTRU may select the NOMA parameters based on predefined rules or measurements, and may indicate the selected NOMA parameters to the gNB. For example, the WTRU may select NOMA modulation and coding scheme (MCS) based on measurement(s) and/or may indicate the selected NOMA MCS to the gNB.
  • MCS NOMA modulation and coding scheme
  • the WTRU may indicate the selected NOMA MCS to the gNB using any of the following approaches.
  • the WTRU may use a different NOMA resource subset or subset index, such that each resource subset index may be associated with a specific signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or MCS.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • MCS MCS-to-noise ratio
  • the WTRU may use a different MA signature subset or subset index, such that each MA signature subset index may be associated with a specific SNR or MCS.
  • the WTRU may use different DMRS subset or subset index, such that each DMRS subset index may be associated with a specific SNR or MCS.
  • the WTRU may use a combination of different DMRS subsets, subset indices or partitions, resource subsets, subset indices or partitions and/or MA signature subsets, subset indices or partitions.
  • each combination of different DMRS subsets, subset indices or partitions, resource subsets, subset indices or partitions and MA signature subsets, subset indices or partitions may be associated with a specific SNR or MCS or a subset of SNR or MCS.
  • the WTRU may use an existing UL control channel or signaling or a new UL control channel or signaling to indicate NOMA MCS or transport block size (TBS).
  • the WTRU may indicate other selected NOMA parameters to the gNB, for example using any of the example approaches described above.
  • Measurement for NOMA MCS and/or TBS selection may be based on a threshold.
  • the threshold may be based on service types, use cases, applications, and/or scenarios.
  • the threshold may be configured in remaining minimum system information (RMSI), OSI or radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
  • RMSI remaining minimum system information
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the threshold may be configured using a group common control channel (e.g., GC-PDCCH).
  • HARQ retransmission may be performed with link adaptation for NOMA.
  • Any of the following example parameters may be used for link adaptation during HARQ retransmission for NOMA: NOMA or OMA resource types; NOMA resource size; MCS; TBS; MA signature size; DMRS size; MA codeword length; power; number of repetition; and/or redundancy version (RV).
  • the WTRU may autonomously select the NOMA parameters and/or may adjust the NOMA parameters (e.g., increase, decrease or maintain the same) for HARQ transmission or retransmission based on NOMA HARQ rule(s).
  • the NOMA HARQ rule(s) may be predetermined, predefined, configured, indicated, and/or derived from other rule(s).
  • NOMA HARQ rule(s) may include, but are not limited to include, rules regarding increasing, decreasing or maintaining the same any of the following parameters: MA signature; MA signature length; pool size; NOMA resource size; MCS; TBS; MA signature size; DMRS size; MA codeword length; power; number of repetition; and/or RV.
  • NOMA resource size may be increased for HARQ retransmission.
  • Resource size may be increased with the increased number of retransmissions.
  • the resource size S1 may be used for an initial transmission of a packet, and resource size S2 may be used for all HARQ retransmissions of the packet.
  • the resource size S1 may be used for initial transmission.
  • Resource size S2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • resource size S3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • resource size S4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • resource size S5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • Other examples and variations may be used.
  • MCS may be decreased for the retransmission.
  • MCS may be decreased with each subsequent retransmission.
  • MCS M1 may be used for the initial transmission of a packet
  • MCS M2 may be used for all HARQ retransmissions of the packet.
  • MCS M1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • MCS M2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • MCS M3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • MCS M4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • MCS M5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • Other examples and variations may be used.
  • MA signature size may be increased for a retransmission.
  • MA signature size may be increased with each subsequent retransmission.
  • MA signature size V1 may be used for the initial transmission and MA signature size V2 may be used for all retransmission for HARQ.
  • MA signature size V1 may be used for the initial transmission
  • MA signature size V2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • MA signature size V3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • MA signature size V4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • MA signature size V5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • DMRS size may be increased for the retransmission. DMRS size may be increased with each subsequent retransmission.
  • DMRS size D1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • DMRS size D2 may be used for all retransmissions for HARQ.
  • DMRS size D1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • DMRS size D2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • DMRS size D3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • DMRS size D4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • DMRS size D5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • Other examples and variations may be used.
  • codeword length may be increased for the retransmission.
  • the codeword length may be increased with each subsequent retransmission.
  • codeword length C1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • Codeword length C2 may be used for all retransmission for HARQ.
  • Codeword length C1 may be used for initial transmission.
  • Codeword length C2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • codeword length C3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • codeword length C4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • codeword length C5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • Other examples and variations may be used.
  • power may be increased for the retransmission. Power may be increased with each subsequent retransmission.
  • power P1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • Power P2 may be used for all retransmission for HARQ.
  • Power P1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • Power P2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • power P3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • power P4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • power P5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • Other examples and variations may be used.
  • the number of repetitions may be increased for the retransmission.
  • the number of repetitions may be increased with each subsequent retransmission.
  • the number of repetitions R1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • the number of repetitions R2 may be used for all retransmission for HARQ.
  • the number of repetitions R1 may be used for the initial transmission.
  • the number of repetitions R2 may be used for the first retransmission for HARQ
  • number of repetitions R3 may be used for the second retransmission for HARQ
  • number of repetitions R4 may be used for the third retransmission for HARQ
  • number of repetitions R5 may be used for the fourth retransmission for HARQ.
  • Other examples and variations may be used.
  • Combinations of resource size, MCS, TBS, MA signature size, DMRS size, MA codeword length, power, number of repetition and/or RV may be used for link adaptation for HARQ.
  • HARQ retransmission may be performed with resource adaptation and/or multiple access adaptation.
  • HARQ retransmission may be performed with either OMA or NOMA adaptation.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • NR-PDCCH new radio physical downlink control channel
  • NR-EPDCCH new radio enhanced physical downlink control channel
  • the gNB may send a response signal which may indicate the OMA resource or NOMA resource. The response signal may be available within a predetermined time window (duration).
  • the gNB may send a feedback signal (e.g., HARQ ACK/NACK) that may indicate the OMA resource or NOMA resource.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of an example HARQ retransmission procedure 600 with link adaptation for NOMA, which may be performed by a WTRU.
  • a WTRU may be configured with a NOMA HARQ retransmission (e.g., a WTRU may be configured to perform or not perform HARQ retransmission by the gNB, for example via RRC signaling or other system information).
  • the WTRU may be configured to perform link adaptation for NOMA.
  • the WTRU may autonomously select or determine link adaptation parameters according to a set of rules and/or according to configuration information received from the gNB.
  • link adaptation parameters may include, but is not limited to include, any of the following parameters: NOMA resource size, MCS, TBS, MA signature size, DMRS size, MA codeword length, power, number of repetitions and/or RV.
  • the WTRU may autonomously select the values (e.g., MCS level) for link adaptation based on the set of link adaptation parameters.
  • the WTRU may indicate the selected values (e.g., MCS level) for link adaptation based on the determined set of link adaptation parameters (e.g., DMRS index, MA signature index, resource index) for NOMA HARQ.
  • the WTRU may retransmit (perform HARQ retransmission) of data based on the selected values (e.g., MCS level) and the associated link adaptation parameters (e.g., DMRS index, MA signature index, resource index) as part of NOMA HARQ.
  • selected values e.g., MCS level
  • link adaptation parameters e.g., DMRS index, MA signature index, resource index
  • Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • register cache memory
  • semiconductor memory devices magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • a processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, une unité d'émission/réception sans fil (WTRU), configurée pour communiquer grâce à un accès multiple non orthogonal (NOMA), peut recevoir des informations de configuration indiquant au moins un groupe de ressources de signature d'accès multiple (MAS) ou de signal de référence de démodulation (DMRS) et des paramètres de transmission associés. La WTRU peut recevoir un accusé de réception négatif (NACK) de demande de répétition automatique hybride (HARQ) pour une transmission de données précédente, et une indication de MAS ou de DMRS utilisés. La WTRU peut sélectionner un groupe de ressources de MAS ou de DMRS à partir du ou des groupes de ressources de MAS ou de DMRS au moins en fonction d'un des paramètres de transmission associés. La WTRU peut déterminer un ensemble de MAS ou de DMRS disponibles en fonction du groupe de ressources de MAS ou de DMRS sélectionné et des MAS ou des DMRS utilisés, et sélectionner aléatoirement une MAS ou un DMRS dans l'ensemble de MAS ou de DMRS disponibles. La WTRU peut effectuer une retransmission de HARQ des données grâce à la MAS ou au DMRS sélectionnés.
PCT/US2019/024828 2018-04-04 2019-03-29 Procédés de harq pour noma WO2019195103A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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