WO2019192952A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pile à combustible pourvue d'un élément guide de fluide en fibres métalliques et en matière plastique, ainsi que pile à combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pile à combustible pourvue d'un élément guide de fluide en fibres métalliques et en matière plastique, ainsi que pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019192952A1
WO2019192952A1 PCT/EP2019/058166 EP2019058166W WO2019192952A1 WO 2019192952 A1 WO2019192952 A1 WO 2019192952A1 EP 2019058166 W EP2019058166 W EP 2019058166W WO 2019192952 A1 WO2019192952 A1 WO 2019192952A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic elements
plastic
metallic fibers
arrangement
fuel cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/058166
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Berner
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019192952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019192952A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241—Composites
    • H01M8/0243—Composites in the form of mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0239—Organic resins; Organic polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a fuel cell according to the independent method claim, as well as a fuel cell according to the independent device claim.
  • the structures then ensure that the fuel is distributed over the surface of the electrode and thus an effective use of the fuel is possible.
  • Such structures increase as an additional component, however, on the one hand, the weight of the fuel cell or have, if they z. B. are particularly easily formed, often a low mechanical strength. Furthermore, such structures are usually expensive to manufacture.
  • the method for producing a fuel cell or an electrolyzer comprises a fluid guide element having a
  • Fabric structure for distributing a fuel to at least one electrode of the fuel cell the following steps:
  • the method according to the invention represents a simple possibility to produce in a cost-effective and simple manner a fuel cell with a fluid guide element, by means of which a fuel can be used efficiently and which at the same time has a high mechanical strength.
  • Process steps are performed in the order mentioned in chronological order, ie step by step. It is also conceivable that tlw. The process steps mentioned can be done simultaneously, such. B. the
  • the invention also includes a method for at least tlw.n production of an electrolyzer and a corresponding electrolyzer.
  • the joining of the plastic elements with the arrangement of the metallic fibers to the fabric structure may preferably be positive and / or cohesive.
  • the fuel cell may be a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell.
  • the electrode may in particular comprise an anode and / or a cathode of the fuel cell.
  • the fuel may in particular comprise hydrogen and / or oxygen.
  • the flow path of the fuel may preferably be a flow channel include, through which the fuel from a fuel inlet to the electrode is feasible.
  • the fluid guide element thus flows against the fuel and can be distributed efficiently at the electrode.
  • the fluid guide element has the
  • Tissue structure comprising metallic fibers and plastic elements.
  • the plastic elements By melting the plastic elements, a fastening of the plastic elements with the metallic fibers can be ensured in a simple manner.
  • the plastic elements are preferably initially thermally mixed in an at least partially liquid and / or viscous state, so that the plastic elements enclose the metallic fibers at least partially.
  • the bonding to the fabric structure comprises, in particular, curing of the molten plastic elements.
  • the metallic fibers may be electrically conductive.
  • the plastic elements may be non-conductive or conductive. To realize a conductivity, the plastic elements conductive
  • the metallic fibers may in particular comprise metallic textile threads, wires or other textile elements. Under the arrangement of the metallic fibers may further include
  • Raw fabric can be understood.
  • providing the arrangement of the metallic fibers comprises weaving the metallic fibers together.
  • the arrangement of the metallic fibers z. B. when combined with the plastic elements are handled as a unit.
  • the fluid guide element Due to the fabric structure, the fluid guide element has a low weight.
  • the fabric structure is preferably at least partially permeable to
  • Plastic elements and metallic fibers can further advantageous properties of both types of material are combined.
  • the method comprises the following step:
  • Fibers to a wavy shape Fibers to a wavy shape.
  • the wave-like shape may comprise a sinusoidal shape.
  • the wave-like form comprises folds, which For example, can be fixed when melting the plastic elements.
  • the deformation may be performed prior to combining the plastic elements with the metallic fibers, so that only the
  • Fabric structure can be deformed when the plastic elements are already combined with the metallic fibers and / or melted.
  • a geometry of the fluid-conducting element can thus be produced in a simple manner, which has an advantageous effect on the distribution of the fuel at the electrode or on the flow properties of the fluid-conducting element.
  • sub-channels can be created by the wave-like shape along which the fuel can flow and be distributed.
  • material contracts during the deformation so that changes in length due to the deformation within the fabric structure can be compensated for, without any elastic and / or plastic strain being introduced into the material.
  • the melting of the plastic elements and the deformation of the fabric structure are performed simultaneously.
  • the deformation is carried out by a shaping roller. This can be the
  • Forming roll have a toothing, which impresses the wave-like shape in the fabric structure.
  • the shaping roller tempered, in particular heated is.
  • two counter-rotating forming rollers can perform the deformation of the tissue structure.
  • the time required to perform the process can be reduced if the melting and the deformation are performed simultaneously.
  • the forming roller combines different measures, so that, for example, a need for production space for the production of the fuel cell can be reduced.
  • the combination of the plastic elements with the fabric structure comprises a loose application of the plastic elements to the metallic fibers or a weaving of the plastic elements with the metallic fibers.
  • the loose application can, for example, a scattering of the plastic elements on the
  • Arrangement of the metallic fibers include.
  • an attachment of the plastic elements for example. Only be made with the melting or plastic elements can be previously woven into the arrangement of metallic fibers.
  • the loose application has the advantage that the plastic elements, for example. Short plastic fibers and / or a
  • Plastic powder and can be automated in a simple manner and in particular portioned applied to the arrangement of metallic fibers.
  • the interweaving of the plastic elements with the metallic fibers, in which the plastic elements may preferably have plastic threads or plastic strips, offers the advantage that the metallic arrangement and the plastic elements can be handled as a unit, so that further processing steps can be simplified.
  • the melting of the plastic elements comprises at least one of the following steps:
  • the tempering of the forming roll and / or the gas can be any suitable tempering of the forming roll and / or the gas.
  • a heating of the shaping roller or of the gas, in particular to a melting temperature of the plastic elements comprise.
  • the plastic elements can be heated over a large area, so that it can be ensured as required that all plastic elements are melted.
  • an optical method can be provided which can have high reliability during melting and / or specifically determined Bring areas of plastic elements to melt.
  • the temperature control by infrared light, for example. By a radiant heater, take place.
  • plastic elements are merely loosely applied to the arrangement of the metallic fibers, it may occur that individual fibers are not melted and thus do not permanently bond to the metallic fibers. Therefore, it may be advantageous to such
  • Plastic residues may also include a mechanical reworking, in particular a deburring, if, for example. When melting and subsequent curing of the plastic elements burr remains.
  • the plastic elements are present in combination with the arrangement of the metallic fibers as a single plastic fibers, as a fiber layer and / or as a flat plastic tape.
  • the plastic elements may be isolated as plastic fibers and counted or portioned by weight.
  • the plastic elements can be handled in a simple manner. Furthermore, this can be formed a planar connection of the plastic elements with the metallic fibers. As a result, the mechanical strength of the fluid guide element and thus the service life of the fuel cell can be improved.
  • the plastic elements may comprise a thermoplastic and / or the plastic elements (13) may be electrically conductive.
  • the plastic elements may be a polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
  • Polypropylene Polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS) or a
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene have.
  • the plastic itself may be electrically conductive and / or contain electrically conductive particles, such as, for example, graphite and / or nanotubes.
  • the thermoplastic material has a high thermal processability, so that the melting of the
  • Plastic elements requires only a small amount of energy and / or can be reliably reproduced.
  • the plastic elements requires only a small amount of energy and / or can be reliably reproduced.
  • Plastic elements at least partially hydrophobic and / or hydrophilic.
  • the properties of the fluid guide element with respect to the fuel can be improved, in particular if the fuel has oxygen or hydrogen.
  • the plastic elements can be advantageously melted in the region of constrictions.
  • a mechanical strength in particular with regard to the shape of the plastic elements
  • Fluidleitiatas be improved.
  • the constrictions preferably form undercuts of the fabric structure such that channels are formed having improved fuel guiding properties.
  • the fluid guide element can be handled and assembled in a simplified manner by improved dimensional stability.
  • a fuel cell is claimed with a fluid guide.
  • the fluid guide is in one
  • Flow path of a fuel for distributing the fuel to at least one electrode of the fuel cell is arranged. Furthermore, the
  • the plastic elements are connected by melting, and in particular curing, with the arrangement of the metallic fibers.
  • the fuel cell is preferably produced by a method according to the invention.
  • a fuel cell according to the invention brings the same advantages as have already been described in detail with reference to a method according to the invention.
  • the Fuel cell easy to manufacture and has a long service life with efficient fuel use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of method steps of a method according to the invention in a first embodiment
  • the fuel cell 1 shows a method 100 according to the invention for producing a fuel cell 1 in a schematic representation of method steps 101 to 107 in a first exemplary embodiment.
  • the fuel cell 1 to be produced in this case has a fluid guide element 10 with a fabric structure 11 in order to
  • Fuel 3 to at least one electrode 2 of the fuel cell 1 advantageous to to distribute.
  • the method 100 in this case comprises providing 101 a
  • Plastic elements 13 with the metallic fibers 12 include.
  • the weaving 102.2 can, for example, also be carried out parallel to the provision 101 of the arrangement of the metallic fibers 12, wherein the plastic elements 13 are already woven together with the metallic fibers 12 during the production of the arrangement.
  • connection of the metallic fibers 12 with the plastic elements 13 is further a reflow 103 and a curing 104 of the
  • Plastic elements 13 are provided. This provides the fabric structure 11 with improved mechanical strength. Furthermore, a can also
  • Transition resistance may be reduced if the plastic elements 13 are electrically conductive, in particular have an electrically conductive polymer and / or electrically conductive particles.
  • the plastic elements 13th are electrically conductive, in particular have an electrically conductive polymer and / or electrically conductive particles.
  • thermoplastic material which has good thermal processability.
  • the method 100 comprises deforming 105 the fabric structure 11 or the arrangement of the metallic fibers 12 into a wave-like shape.
  • the wave-like shape channels of the fabric structure 11 are impressed, through which the fuel 3 is advantageously conductive.
  • a removal 106 of the plastic residues may also be provided in order to improve the flow of the fuel 3.
  • the tissue structure 11 can be arranged in a flow path 4 of the fuel 3 to form an electrode 2.
  • FIGS. 2 a to 2 c show advantageous melting possibilities of a fabric structure 11 of a fluid guide element 10 in further exemplary embodiments. According to FIG.
  • FIG. 2 a a wave-like shape of a fabric structure 11 is impressed by two counter-rotating shaping rollers 20.
  • a tempering 103.1 is further provided at least one of the forming rollers 20 to cause a melting 103 of plastic elements 13 so that they harden after passing through the shaping rollers 20 and form and / or materially connect with metallic fibers 12 of the fabric structure 11.
  • the reflow 103 and the deformation 105 are simultaneously executable.
  • FIG. 2b also shows a flow 103.2 of the plastic elements 13 and the metallic fibers 12 of the fabric structure 10 with a tempered gas 30, so that the plastic elements 13 melt.
  • the melting 103 may comprise irradiating 103.3 of the plastic elements 13 with a laser 40 according to FIG.
  • the tempering 103.1 of the shaping roller 20, the flowing 103.2 of the plastic elements 13 with a tempered gas 30 and the irradiation 103.3 of the plastic elements 13 with a laser 40 or an infrared emitter (not shown) combined or performed sequentially to allow a more reliable melting 103 or to process individual areas individually.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3d also show fluid guide elements 10 with tissue structures 11 in wave-like shapes in further exemplary embodiments in a schematic representation.
  • the fabric structures 11 comprise both metallic fibers 12, as well as plastic elements 13.
  • the plastic elements 13 may preferably along the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of the
  • the plastic elements 13 may be parallel, i. e.g. along wavefronts, or perpendicular, i. e.g. orthogonal to the wave flanks, to the wave-like shape.
  • the plastic elements 13 have individual plastic fibers 13. 1.
  • a loose application 102.1 of the individual plastic fibers 13.1 in particular by sprinkling an arrangement of the metallic fibers 12, possible.
  • the plastic elements comprise a
  • the plastic elements 13 comprise plastic bands 13.3.
  • the plastic strips 13.3 can have a wide extension, in particular in the transverse and / or longitudinal direction, so that a single plastic strip 13.3 can cover a region of the fabric structure 11.
  • the plastic straps 13.3 may be thread-like and, for example, be woven with the metallic fibers 12 and / or be sinusoidal.
  • FIG. 3d furthermore shows a cross section of a fabric structure 11 in a further exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 also shows a fuel cell 1 with two electrodes 2, one of the electrodes 2 serving as anode and the other electrode 2 as cathode of FIG
  • Fuel cell 1 is formed. Further, the electrodes 2 with
  • Fuels 3 flows.
  • one of the fuels has 3 oxygen and the other hydrogen.
  • a fluid guide element 10 is further arranged in each case with a fabric structure 11 in order to distribute the respective fuel 3 over a surface of the electrodes 2.
  • the fabric structures 11 in this case have plastic elements 13, which are fused with metallic Faseril.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé (100) de fabrication d'une pile à combustible (1) comportant un élément guide-fluide (10) ayant une structure tissée (11) destinée à répartir un combustible (3) sur au moins une électrode (2) de la pile à combustible (1), ledit procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à : - prendre (101) un ensemble de fibres métalliques (12), - associer (102) des éléments en matière plastique (13) à l'ensemble de fibres métalliques (12). L'invention concerne également une pile à combustible (1).
PCT/EP2019/058166 2018-04-05 2019-04-01 Procédé de fabrication d'une pile à combustible pourvue d'un élément guide de fluide en fibres métalliques et en matière plastique, ainsi que pile à combustible WO2019192952A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018205128.3 2018-04-05
DE102018205128.3A DE102018205128A1 (de) 2018-04-05 2018-04-05 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Brennstoffzelle sowie Brennstoffzelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019192952A1 true WO2019192952A1 (fr) 2019-10-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/058166 WO2019192952A1 (fr) 2018-04-05 2019-04-01 Procédé de fabrication d'une pile à combustible pourvue d'un élément guide de fluide en fibres métalliques et en matière plastique, ainsi que pile à combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018205128A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019192952A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021108981A1 (de) * 2021-04-12 2022-10-13 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffzellenstapel mit komprimierbarer Gewebestruktur

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1401975A (fr) * 1963-01-02 1965-06-11 Shell Int Research Perfectionnements aux piles électriques
US6096450A (en) * 1998-02-11 2000-08-01 Plug Power Inc. Fuel cell assembly fluid flow plate having conductive fibers and rigidizing material therein
DE102015225717A1 (de) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einsatz von leitfähigen und hochporösen Vliesen als Bipolarplatte in PEM-Brennstoffzellen
US20170373329A1 (en) * 2015-03-30 2017-12-28 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell and method for manufacturing fuel cell

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1401975A (fr) * 1963-01-02 1965-06-11 Shell Int Research Perfectionnements aux piles électriques
US6096450A (en) * 1998-02-11 2000-08-01 Plug Power Inc. Fuel cell assembly fluid flow plate having conductive fibers and rigidizing material therein
US20170373329A1 (en) * 2015-03-30 2017-12-28 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell and method for manufacturing fuel cell
DE102015225717A1 (de) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einsatz von leitfähigen und hochporösen Vliesen als Bipolarplatte in PEM-Brennstoffzellen

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Publication number Publication date
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