WO2019184538A1 - 背光模组及其制作方法、液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及其制作方法、液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019184538A1
WO2019184538A1 PCT/CN2019/070025 CN2019070025W WO2019184538A1 WO 2019184538 A1 WO2019184538 A1 WO 2019184538A1 CN 2019070025 W CN2019070025 W CN 2019070025W WO 2019184538 A1 WO2019184538 A1 WO 2019184538A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
light
backlight module
guide plate
light guide
point
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/070025
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟宪芹
王维
谭纪风
孟宪东
高健
王方舟
陈小川
梁蓬霞
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/482,384 priority Critical patent/US20210325594A1/en
Publication of WO2019184538A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019184538A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0016—Grooves, prisms, gratings, scattering particles or rough surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of touch technologies, and in particular, to a backlight module, a method for fabricating the same, and a liquid crystal display device.
  • the backlight module of the liquid crystal display device generally includes a side entry type and a direct type.
  • the thickness of the direct type backlight module is mainly determined by the height of the cavity between the reflective film and the diffusing plate. In theory, the greater the cavity height, the better the uniformity of light exiting the diffuser plate. Therefore, the direct type backlight generally achieves uniform light output by increasing the thickness of the module.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a backlight module, a method of fabricating the same, and a liquid crystal display device, which realize a thinner uniform backlight for liquid crystal display.
  • a backlight module includes: a light guide plate; the light guide plate includes a light emitting surface and a bottom surface opposite to the light emitting surface; the bottom surface includes an array of chamfered tapered grooves; and the light emitting surface is away from the bottom surface side a plurality of point light sources, the light emitting surface of the point light source facing the light emitting surface.
  • the backlight module further includes a reflective layer; wherein the reflective layer includes a bonding surface, the bonding surface is conformed to the bottom surface; and the shape of the bonding surface It is complementary to the shape of the bottom surface.
  • the position of the point source corresponds to the position of the cone top of the chamfered tapered groove in the array of chamfered tapered grooves.
  • the chamfered tapered groove is a quadrangular pyramidal groove.
  • a side of the quadrangular pyramid groove and a bottom surface of the quadrangular pyramid groove form an angle of 40° to 70°. In the range.
  • the point source has an illumination beam angle of about 120°.
  • each of the point sources is individually controlled and the plurality of point sources have different brightness.
  • the point source is a light emitting diode.
  • the point light source may be a micro-light emitting diode (Micro-LED) having a size of less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m.
  • Micro-LED micro-light emitting diode
  • the backlight module further includes a mesh point disposed on the light-emitting surface, the mesh point is for redirecting light to a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface.
  • the backlight module further includes a brightness enhancement film disposed on a side of the light guide plate away from the reflective layer.
  • the material of the reflective layer is a reflective metal
  • the material of the light guide plate is a transparent resin material or a transparent PMMA material.
  • a liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module according to any of the above embodiments; wherein the backlight module is disposed on a light incident side of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • a method of making a backlight module includes: providing a light guide plate; the light guide plate includes a light exit surface and a bottom surface opposite to the light exit surface; the bottom surface includes an array of chamfered tapered grooves; and the light exit surface is disposed away from the bottom surface side a point light source; the light emitting surface of the point light source faces the light emitting surface.
  • the step of providing a light guide plate comprises: providing a light guide plate body; disposing a photoresist on a surface of the light guide plate body; performing nanoimprint on the photoresist; and curing the photolithography gum.
  • the method further comprises: providing a reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer comprises a bonding surface, and the bonding surface is adhered to the bottom surface; the shape of the bonding surface is complementary to the shape of the bottom surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the light guide plate in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;
  • 3a is a schematic view of a pyramid structure reflecting light according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3b is a far field light distribution pattern of a conventional backlight module
  • FIG. 3c is a far field light distribution pattern of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a backlight module in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a process of fabricating a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight module 100 includes a light guide plate 101.
  • the light guide plate 101 includes a light exit surface 102 and a bottom surface 103 opposite to the light exit surface 102.
  • the bottom surface 103 includes a chamfered pyramid.
  • the groove array 104 is disposed on a side of the light exiting surface 102 away from the bottom surface 103, and the light emitting surface of the point light source 105 faces the light emitting surface 102.
  • the light emitted by the point source 105 first propagates inside the light guide plate 101; that is, at least a portion of the light path of the point source 105 is at the guide Inside the light panel 101.
  • a light beam from a point source can be reflected by the array of chamfered conical grooves and laterally propagated inside the light guide plate using an array of chamfered conical grooves of the light guide plate.
  • the angle and the number of reflections and diffractions are increased by the array of chamfered tapered grooves, so that most of the incident light repeatedly oscillates in the light guide plate. Therefore, a uniform backlight output can be obtained by using only a thin light guide plate, and the thickness required for the light guide plate can be reduced.
  • point source means that the size of the source is so small that the size of the source is negligible compared to the size of the light guide.
  • the length/width of the point light source may be 1/100 or less of the width of the light guide plate.
  • the backlight module 100 further includes a reflective layer 106 ; wherein the reflective layer 106 includes a bonding surface 107 , the bonding surface 107 and the The bottom surface 103 is fitted; the shape of the bonding surface 107 is complementary to the shape of the bottom surface 103.
  • the position of the point source corresponds to the position of the cone top of the chamfered tapered groove in the array of chamfered tapered grooves.
  • the chamfered tapered groove is a quadrangular pyramidal groove.
  • the quadrangular pyramid may have a size in the range of 200 to 800 nm.
  • an array of quadrangular pyramidal grooves can be used to effect reflection and diffraction of the beam.
  • the nanometer-level quadrangular pyramid groove can effectively increase the angle and the number of times of reflection and diffraction of incident light, thereby further reducing the thickness of the light guide plate.
  • a groove of a shape such as a triangular pyramid, a pentagonal pyramid or a hexagonal pyramid to achieve reflection and diffraction of the light beam.
  • size refers to the length or width of an element in a plane parallel to the direction in which the light guide extends.
  • an angle formed by a side surface of the quadrangular pyramid groove and a bottom surface of the quadrangular pyramid groove In the range of 40 ° ⁇ 70 °.
  • the point source has an illuminating beam angle of about 120°.
  • the angle a of the side surface of the quadrangular pyramid groove and the bottom surface of the quadrangular pyramid groove is 51.7°, and the repetition period of the quadrangular pyramid groove It is 250 nm.
  • the model of this example was built using the FDTD module of the modeling simulation software Lumerical.
  • the reflectivity of the light guide plate whose bottom surface is a planar structure is 84%; when the bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with an array of quadrangular pyramid grooves, the overall reflection of the light guide plate is 6.3%; when the incident angle is At 30°, the overall reflection increases to 18%; when the angle of incidence is 60°, the overall reflection is 30%.
  • the term "incident angle” refers to the angle between the incident ray and the normal to the plane of the light guide.
  • the incident angle is larger, the incident light leaves the vertebral body after repeated reflection and diffraction repeatedly inside the pyramid.
  • the light L having an incident angle greater than zero is reflected three times inside a quadrangular pyramid.
  • the incident angle of the Lambertian light source is mainly distributed between 0 and 30°, so about 6%-18% of the light is directly reflected, and the remaining 94%-82% of the light is at the angle of the total reflection angle at the light guide plate.
  • the inner transfer can then be extracted using a dot such as that disposed on the light exit surface of the light guide plate to provide a uniform far field light distribution pattern.
  • 3b is a far field light distribution pattern of a conventional backlight module
  • FIG. 3c is a far field light distribution pattern of the backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be seen that the backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a more uniform far field light distribution pattern.
  • each of the point sources is individually controlled and the plurality of point sources have different brightness.
  • a transparent conductive material such as ITO can be used to form a circuit structure on the light exiting surface to electrically connect the light emitting diode (or micro light emitting diode) to the power supply circuit.
  • Light-emitting diodes or miniature light-emitting diodes
  • white light output by using a single color (for example, blue or green) light emitting diode (or micro light emitting diode) and a suitable phosphor material.
  • the point source is a light emitting diode.
  • the point light source may be a micro-light emitting diode (Micro-LED) having a size of less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m.
  • Micro-LED micro-light emitting diode
  • the occlusion of the light source of the light guide plate by the point light source itself can be further avoided. Thereby, a more uniform backlight output can be obtained.
  • the backlight module 100 further includes a dot 108 disposed on the light emitting surface 102 for redirecting light to be perpendicular to the The direction of the smooth surface 102 is described.
  • the light inside the light guide plate can be uniformly extracted from the light exit surface by using the halftone dots disposed on the light exiting surface.
  • the backlight module 100 further includes a brightness enhancement film 109 disposed on a side of the light guide plate 101 away from the reflective layer 106 .
  • the light concentrating film disposed on the side of the light guide plate away from the reflective layer can further homogenize the light and shield the black spots generated by the light source (ie, the light emitting diode or the miniature light emitting diode). And the pattern of the circuit structure on the light surface.
  • the brightness enhancement film may be a brightness enhancement film (BEF) or a dual brightness enhancement film (DBEF).
  • the material of the reflective layer 106 is a reflective metal.
  • the material of the light guide plate 101 is a transparent resin material or a transparent PMMA material.
  • the reflective layer is made of a reflective metal, which can achieve high reflectivity, further increase the light utilization efficiency of the light source, and improve the heat dissipation performance of the backlight module.
  • the light guide plate is made of a transparent resin material or a transparent PMMA material, thereby achieving higher light transmission efficiency and reducing light loss.
  • the liquid crystal display device 400 includes a liquid crystal display panel 401 and a backlight module 100 according to any of the above embodiments; wherein the backlight module 100 is disposed on the liquid crystal display panel 401. side.
  • the light emitting surface of the backlight module 100 is opposite to the light incident surface of the liquid crystal display panel 401 to provide backlight illumination to the liquid crystal display panel 401.
  • the liquid crystal display device can be any product or component having a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • an electronic device includes the liquid crystal display device as described in the above embodiments.
  • the electronic device 500 is a virtual reality device or an augmented reality device.
  • the electronic device can be applied to Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) or other high-resolution display fields, thereby further reducing the weight and volume of the virtual reality device or the augmented reality device.
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • AR Augmented Reality
  • a method of making a backlight module is provided. As shown in FIG. 6, the method 600 includes:
  • S601 provides a light guide plate;
  • the light guide plate includes a light emitting surface and a bottom surface opposite to the light emitting surface;
  • the bottom surface includes an array of chamfered pyramid grooves;
  • a plurality of point light sources are disposed on a side of the light exiting surface away from the bottom surface; a light emitting surface of the point light source faces the light emitting surface.
  • a light beam from a point source can be reflected by the array of chamfered conical grooves and laterally propagated inside the light guide plate using an array of chamfered conical grooves of the light guide plate.
  • the angle and the number of reflections and diffractions are increased by the array of chamfered tapered grooves, so that most of the incident light repeatedly oscillates in the light guide plate. Therefore, a uniform backlight output can be obtained using only a thin light guide plate, and the thickness required for the light guide plate can be reduced.
  • the step of providing a light guide plate by S601 includes: S6011 providing a light guide plate body; S6012 disposing a photoresist on a surface of the light guide plate body; S6013 performing the photoresist Nanoimprinting; and S6014 curing the photoresist.
  • the method 600 further includes: S603 providing a reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer comprises a bonding surface, and the bonding surface is adhered to the bottom surface; the shape of the bonding surface is complementary to the shape of the bottom surface.
  • the light beam from the point light source can be reflected by the inverted pyramidal groove array by using the chamfered pyramid groove array of the light guide plate, and Spreading laterally inside the light guide plate.
  • the angle and the number of reflections and diffractions are increased by the array of chamfered tapered grooves, so that most of the incident light repeatedly oscillates in the light guide plate. Therefore, a uniform backlight output can be obtained using only a thin light guide plate, and the thickness required for the light guide plate can be reduced.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种背光模组（100）及其制作方法、液晶显示装置（400），实现了用于液晶显示的更薄的均匀背光源。背光模组（100）包括：导光板（101）；导光板（101）包括出光面（102）和与出光面（102）相对的底面（103）；底面（103）包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列（104）；位于出光面（102）远离底面（103）一侧的多个点光源（105），点光源（105）的发光面朝向出光面（102）。

Description

背光模组及其制作方法、液晶显示装置
相关申请
本申请要求保护在2018年3月30日提交的申请号为201810286488.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容以引用的方式结合到本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及触控技术领域，尤其涉及一种背光模组及其制作方法、液晶显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示装置(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)因其体积小、功耗低、无辐射等特点已成为目前平板显示装置中的主流产品。液晶显示装置的背光模组一般包括侧入式和直下式。直下式背光模组的厚度主要由反射膜与散射板之间的腔体高度决定。理论上，腔体高度越大，光线从散射板射出的均匀性越好。因此，直下式背光源一般通过增加模组的厚度来实现均匀出光。
公开内容
本公开的实施例提供了一种背光模组及其制作方法、液晶显示装置，实现了用于液晶显示的更薄的均匀背光源。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种背光模组。所述背光模组包括：导光板；所述导光板包括出光面和与所述出光面相对的底面；所述底面包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列；位于所述出光面远离所述底面一侧的多个点光源，所述点光源的发光面朝向所述出光面。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述背光模组还包括反射层；其中，所述反射层包括贴合表面，所述贴合表面与所述底面贴合；所述贴合表面的形状与所述底面的形状是互补的。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述点光源的位置与所述倒棱锥形凹槽阵列中的倒棱锥形凹槽的锥顶的位置对应。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述倒棱锥形凹槽是四棱锥形凹槽。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述四棱锥形凹槽中，所述四棱锥形凹槽的侧面和所述四棱锥形凹槽的底面所成的夹角在40°～70°的范围内。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述点光源的发光束角约为120°。
可选地，在一些实施例中，每个所述点光源是单独受控的，并且所述多个点光源具有不同的亮度。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述点光源为发光二极管。例如，所述点光源可以是尺寸小于或等于100μm的微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述背光模组还包括布置在所述出光面上的网点，所述网点用于将光重定向至垂直于所述出光面的方向上。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述背光模组还包括布置在所述导光板远离所述反射层一侧的增亮膜。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述反射层的材料是反射性金属，所述导光板的材料是透明树脂材料或透明的PMMA材料。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种液晶显示装置。所述液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板和如以上任一实施例所述的背光模组；其中所述背光模组布置在所述液晶显示面板的入光侧。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种制作背光模组的方法。所述方法包括：提供导光板；所述导光板包括出光面和与所述出光面相对的底面；所述底面包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列；在所述出光面远离所述底面一侧布置多个点光源；所述点光源的发光面朝向所述出光面。
可选地，在一些实施例中，提供导光板的步骤包括：提供导光板主体；在导光板主体的表面布置光刻胶；对所述光刻胶执行纳米压印；以及固化所述光刻胶。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：提供反射层。其中，所述反射层包括贴合表面，所述贴合表面与所述底面贴合；所述贴合表面的形状与所述底面的形状是互补的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域 普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本公开实施例的背光模组的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的实施例中的导光板的俯视图；
图3a为根据本公开实施例的棱锥结构反射光线的示意图；
图3b为常规的背光模块的远场光分布图案；
图3c是根据本公开实施例的背光模块的远场光分布图案；
图4为根据本公开实施例的液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图5为根据本公开实施例的电子设备的示意图；
图6为根据本公开实施例的制作背光模组的方法的流程图；以及
图7为根据本公开实施例的导光板的制作工艺。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
附图中各部件的形状和尺寸不反映各部件的真实比例，目的只是示意说明本公开内容。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种背光模组。如图1和图2所示，所述背光模组100包括：导光板101；所述导光板101包括出光面102和与所述出光面102相对的底面103；所述底面103包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列104；位于所述出光面102远离所述底面103一侧的多个点光源105，所述点光源105的发光面朝向所述出光面102。在本公开的实施例中，利用上述布置，所述点光源105所发出的光首先在所述导光板101内部传播；也就是说，所述点光源105的光路的至少一部分是在所述导光板101内部的。
在本公开的实施例中，利用导光板的倒棱锥形凹槽阵列，来自点光源的光束能够由所述倒棱锥形凹槽阵列反射，并在所述导光板内部横向地传播。通过倒棱锥形凹槽阵列增加了反射和衍射的角度和次数，使绝大部分入射光在导光板中反复振荡。因此，仅利用较薄的导光板 就能够获得均匀的背光输出，减小了导光板所需的厚度。
在本公开的上下文中，“点光源”意味着该光源的尺寸非常小，以至于该光源的尺寸与导光板的尺寸相比是可以忽略的。例如，点光源的长度/宽度可以是导光板的宽度的1/100以下。
可选地，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，所述背光模组100还包括反射层106；其中，所述反射层106包括贴合表面107，所述贴合表面107与所述底面103贴合；所述贴合表面107的形状与所述底面103的形状是互补的。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述点光源的位置与所述倒棱锥形凹槽阵列中的倒棱锥形凹槽的锥顶的位置对应。
可选地，如图2所示，在一些实施例中，所述倒棱锥形凹槽是四棱锥形凹槽。例如，所述四棱锥的尺寸可以在200～800nm的范围内。
在本公开的实施例中，可以使用四棱锥形凹槽的阵列来实现对光束的反射和衍射。利用纳米级别的四棱锥形凹槽，能够有效增加入射光的反射和衍射的角度和次数，从而进一步减小导光板的厚度。并且本领域技术人员能够理解，还可以使用三棱锥、五棱锥或六棱锥等形状的凹槽来实现对光束的反射和衍射。在本公开的上下文中，术语“尺寸”指的是元件在平行于所述导光板延伸方向的平面中的长度或宽度。
可选地，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，在所述四棱锥形凹槽中，所述四棱锥形凹槽的侧面和所述四棱锥形凹槽的底面所成的夹角在40°～70°的范围内。所述点光源的发光束角约为120°。
利用在40°～70°的范围内的所述夹角，能够获得较大的反射和衍射角度，从而有效地扩散光束。
在一个实例中，如图1所示，所述四棱锥形凹槽的侧面和所述四棱锥形凹槽的底面所成的夹角a为51.7°，所述四棱锥形凹槽的重复周期为250nm。利用建模仿真软件Lumerical的FDTD模块来建立该实例的模型。当光源准直入射时：底面为平面结构的导光板的反射率为84％；当导光板的底面设置有四棱锥形凹槽的阵列时，导光板的总体反射为6.3％；当入射角是30°时，总体反射增加到18％；当入射角是60°时，总体反射为30％。在本公开的上下文中，术语“入射角”指的是入射光线与导光板所在平面的法线的夹角。当入射角越大，入射光在棱锥内部反复多次反射和衍射之后才离开椎体。如图3a所示，入射 角大于零的光线L在一个四棱锥内部被反射了三次。类朗伯体光源的入射角主要分布在0～30°之间，因此有约6％-18％的光被直接反射，剩余94％-82％的光以大于全反射角的角度在导光板内传输，然后可以利用诸如设置在导光板的出光面的网点提取出来，从而提供均匀的远场光分布图案。图3b是常规的背光模块的远场光分布图案，图3c是根据本公开实施例的背光模块的远场光分布图案。能够看出，根据本公开实施例的背光模块提供了更加均匀的远场光分布图案。
可选地，在一些实施例中，每个所述点光源是单独受控的，并且所述多个点光源具有不同的亮度。
通过单独地控制每个点光源，可以实现快速响应，并可以实现局部调光(local dimming)，达到超高对比度。本领域技术人员能够理解，可以使用诸如ITO的透明导电材料在所述出光面上形成电路结构，从而将发光二极管(或，微型发光二极管)电连接至供电电路。发光二极管(或，微型发光二极管)可以以矩阵的形式布置。进一步的，还可以利用单色(例如蓝色或绿色)的发光二极管(或，微型发光二极管)和适当的磷光体材料，实现白色的光输出。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述点光源为发光二极管。例如，所述点光源可以是尺寸小于或等于100μm的微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)。
在本公开的实施例中，使用尺寸小于或等于100μm的微型发光二极管，可以进一步避免点光源本身对于导光板出射光束的遮挡。由此，能够获得更加均匀的背光输出。
可选地，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，所述背光模组100还包括布置在所述出光面102上的网点108，所述网点108用于将光重定向至垂直于所述出光面102的方向上。
在一些实施例中，利用布置在所述出光面上的网点，能够均匀地将导光板内部的光从所述出光面提取出来。
可选地，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，所述背光模组100还包括布置在所述导光板101远离所述反射层106一侧的增亮膜109。
在一些实施例中，利用布置在所述导光板远离所述反射层一侧的增亮膜，可以进一步匀化光线，并遮蔽由于光源(即，发光二极管或微型发光二极管)产生的“黑点”以及出光面上的电路结构的图案。所述增亮膜可以是普通增亮膜(brightness enhancement film，BEF)，也可以是反射式 偏光增亮膜(dual brightness enhancement film，DBEF)。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述反射层106的材料是反射性金属。所述导光板101的材料是透明树脂材料或透明的PMMA材料。
利用反射性金属制作所述反射层，能够实现高反射率，进一步增加光源的光利用率，并且改进了背光模块的散热性能。利用透明树脂材料或透明的PMMA材料制作所述导光板，可以实现更高的光传输效率，降低光损耗。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种液晶显示装置。如图4所示，所述液晶显示装置400包括液晶显示面板401和如以上任一实施例所述的背光模组100；其中所述背光模组100布置在所述液晶显示面板401的入光侧。所述背光模组100的出光面与所述液晶显示面板401的入光面相对，从而向所述液晶显示面板401提供背光照明。
该液晶显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。该液晶显示装置的实施可以参见上述背光模组的实施例，重复之处不再赘述。
根据本公开的又一方面，提供了一种电子设备。所述电子设备包括如以上实施例所述的液晶显示装置。
可选地，如图5所示，在一些实施例中，所述电子设备500是虚拟现实设备或增强现实设备。
所述电子设备可以应用于虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)，增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)或其他高分辨率显示领域，从而进一步减小虚拟现实设备或增强现实设备的重量和体积。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种制作背光模组的方法。如图6所示，所述方法600包括：
S601提供导光板；所述导光板包括出光面和与所述出光面相对的底面；所述底面包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列；以及
S602在所述出光面远离所述底面一侧布置多个点光源；所述点光源的发光面朝向所述出光面。
在本公开的实施例中，利用导光板的倒棱锥形凹槽阵列，来自点光源的光束能够由所述倒棱锥形凹槽阵列反射，并在所述导光板内部横向地传播。通过倒棱锥形凹槽阵列增加了反射和衍射的角度和次数， 使绝大部分入射光在导光板中反复振荡。因此，仅利用较薄的导光板就能够获得均匀的背光输出，减小了导光板所需的厚度。
可选地，如图7所示，在一些实施例中，S601提供导光板的步骤包括：S6011提供导光板主体；S6012在导光板主体的表面布置光刻胶；S6013对所述光刻胶执行纳米压印；以及S6014固化所述光刻胶。
可选地，如图6所示，在一些实施例中，所述方法600还包括：S603提供反射层。其中，所述反射层包括贴合表面，所述贴合表面与所述底面贴合；所述贴合表面的形状与所述底面的形状是互补的。
根据本公开实施例的背光模组及其制作方法、液晶显示装置以及电子设备，利用导光板的倒棱锥形凹槽阵列，来自点光源的光束能够由所述倒棱锥形凹槽阵列反射，并在所述导光板内部横向地传播。通过倒棱锥形凹槽阵列增加了反射和衍射的角度和次数，使绝大部分入射光在导光板中反复振荡。因此，仅利用较薄的导光板就能够获得均匀的背光输出，减小了导光板所需的厚度。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括：
    导光板；所述导光板包括出光面和与所述出光面相对的底面；所述底面包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列；
    位于所述出光面远离所述底面一侧的多个点光源，所述点光源的发光面朝向所述出光面。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，还包括反射层；
    其中，所述反射层包括贴合表面，所述贴合表面与所述底面贴合；所述贴合表面的形状与所述底面的形状是互补的。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述点光源的位置与所述倒棱锥形凹槽阵列中的倒棱锥形凹槽的锥顶的位置对应。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述倒棱锥形凹槽是四棱锥形凹槽。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，在所述四棱锥形凹槽中，所述四棱锥形凹槽的侧面和所述四棱锥形凹槽的底面所成的夹角在40°～70°的范围内。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述点光源的发光束角约为120°。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，每个所述点光源是单独受控的，并且所述多个点光源具有不同的亮度。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述点光源为发光二极管。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，还包括布置在所述出光面上的网点，所述网点用于将光重定向至垂直于所述出光面的方向上。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的背光模组，还包括布置在所述导光板远离所述反射层一侧的增亮膜。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述反射层的材料是反射性金属，所述导光板的材料是透明树脂材料或透明的PMMA材料。
  12. 一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶显示面板和如权利要求1-11任一项所述的背光模组；其中所述背光模组布置在所述液晶显示面板的入光侧。
  13. 一种制作背光模组的方法，包括：
    提供导光板；所述导光板包括出光面和与所述出光面相对的底面；所述底面包括倒棱锥形凹槽阵列；
    在所述出光面远离所述底面一侧布置多个点光源；所述点光源的发光面朝向所述出光面。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其中，提供导光板的步骤包括：
    提供导光板主体；
    在导光板主体的表面布置光刻胶；
    对所述光刻胶执行纳米压印；以及
    固化所述光刻胶。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的方法，还包括：提供反射层；
    其中，所述反射层包括贴合表面，所述贴合表面与所述底面贴合；所述贴合表面的形状与所述底面的形状是互补的。
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