WO2019175453A1 - Automatic fluid control and dosing system - Google Patents

Automatic fluid control and dosing system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019175453A1
WO2019175453A1 PCT/ES2019/070130 ES2019070130W WO2019175453A1 WO 2019175453 A1 WO2019175453 A1 WO 2019175453A1 ES 2019070130 W ES2019070130 W ES 2019070130W WO 2019175453 A1 WO2019175453 A1 WO 2019175453A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
siphons
siphon
fluid
group
fluid control
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Application number
PCT/ES2019/070130
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jose Antonio CASTILLO OSUNA
Original Assignee
Castillo Osuna Jose Antonio
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Publication date
Application filed by Castillo Osuna Jose Antonio filed Critical Castillo Osuna Jose Antonio
Publication of WO2019175453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019175453A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/37—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction the pressure or differential pressure being measured by means of communicating tubes or reservoirs with movable fluid levels, e.g. by U-tubes
    • G01F1/375—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction the pressure or differential pressure being measured by means of communicating tubes or reservoirs with movable fluid levels, e.g. by U-tubes with mechanical or fluidic indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/52—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring the height of the fluid level due to the lifting power of the fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F10/00—Siphons
    • F04F10/02—Gravity-actuated siphons

Definitions

  • the purpose of the present invention application is to register an automatic fluid control and dosing system, which incorporates notable innovations and advantages over the techniques used so far.
  • the invention proposes the development of an automatic fluid control and dosing system, which by its particular arrangement allows the transformation of a small continuous input flow into a powerful periodic output flow.
  • the present invention contributes to solve and solve the present problem, since all its operation is reduced to a simple adjustment of the flow rate by means of a manual inlet valve, and all other parameters are self-adjusted without the need for touch-ups and without the need for a source of external energy DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • the present invention has been developed in order to provide an automatic control and dosing system for fluids, which is essentially characterized by the fact that it comprises a group of siphons, the group of siphons being at least two siphons arranged in series one following the other and at the same height, said group of siphons being arranged in hydraulic communication with a tank, at least two consecutive siphons being communicated in their upper elbow by means of another auxiliary siphon, said auxiliary siphon having a smaller diameter and a vertical section shorter than the vertical section of the siphons of the group of siphons.
  • the automatic fluid control and dosing system incorporates a flow meter, which comprises a transparent vertical tube with a side hole of smaller diameter in its lower region, and an attached reading scale, with a flow reading and another reading of the flow rate. susceptible crop surface to be covered with flow rate reading.
  • the auxiliary siphon incorporates a small hole in its lower elbow.
  • Figure 1. It is a schematic view indicating the uses of siphons known in the state of the art for the evacuation of deposits.
  • Figure 2. It is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
  • Figure 3. It is a schematic view of a possible operation and service arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 It is a schematic view of possible elements used in a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5. It is a schematic view of a flow meter used in a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
  • Figure 6. It is a schematic view of a scale used in a flowmeter in a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
  • the properties of the siphons are usually used in the emptying of fluid or liquid deposits.
  • the height of the liquid in the tank 2 be equal to the sum of the ascending sections of the siphons 1. It is then when the fluid can pass through the siphons 1 and the tank 2 is discharged, as can be seen in the situation D.
  • a problem that arises is the need for a minimum flow so that the siphons 1 pass from the initial state represented in situation A of figure 1, to the conduction represented in situation C of the same figure 1. Therefore, an input Small may not be enough, so the system does not start downloading.
  • the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention comprises a group of siphons 1 arranged in hydraulic communication with a fluid reservoir 2, on which the evacuation of the fluid or liquid is intended.
  • said group of siphons 1 in turn comprises two siphons 11, 12 arranged in series one after the other and at the same height.
  • Said auxiliary siphon 3 is smaller in diameter and has a shorter vertical section than the vertical section of the two siphons 11, 12 of the group of siphons 1.
  • the increase in the fluid level in the tank 2 means that the pressure is transmitted to the auxiliary siphon 3, lowering the necessary pressure in the first siphon 11 and thus being able to communicate with the second siphon 12.
  • the auxiliary siphon 3 can incorporate a small hole 31 in its lower elbow as shown in Figure 2, with a priming function to ensure a correct start in the operating cycle.
  • the invention also includes a method of automatic control and dosing of fluids, which is suitable for using some elements already explained above.
  • the method of automatic control and dosing of fluids comprises the following stages: a. Increase in fluid level in tank 2.
  • Manual valve 4 is the only adjustable element, and it is used to vary the inlet flow to the needs and determine the amount of liquid applied.
  • the filter 5 ensures that the fluid entering the reservoir 2 is free of particles that may damage the system of the invention.
  • the flow meter 6 indicates the amount of fluid entering, and can be of any type that meets the necessary flow range.
  • the additive cuvette 7 is a container with a small hole in its lower part, which if necessary is filled with an additive and this slowly falls into the accumulator tank 2.
  • the size and capacity of the accumulator tank 2 is the timer element, together with the input and output flow rates determine the number of cycles, the filling time and the fluid application time.
  • FIG. 3 of the tank 2 accumulator and group of siphons 1 constitutes a simple and efficient filling and emptying automatism, which transforms a small continuous input flow into a powerful periodic output flow.
  • Another advantage of operating at such low pressures is the minimum cost in case of need of pumping.
  • the present invention exceeds all of them in simplicity, costs, maintenance, infrastructure requirements, ease of control, energy consumption, magnitude of flow, minimum loss of load, and efficiency at very low pressures.
  • Another added advantage is that the amount of fluid applied is independent of variations, such as those produced by the change or aging of the circuit elements, thereby lengthening its use.
  • Another advantage is that the flow rate is prior and very small, so the needs of the filtering system are minimal, with small and cheap filters being sufficient.
  • the discharge flow on the other hand is direct from the tank 2 and powerful, without intermediate elements that cause loss of load and pressure, since the liquid has been previously treated and conditioned in the charging circuit.
  • a very useful example of the use of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention can be the control, fertigation and automation of drip irrigation.
  • the elements used for this must be consistent with the characteristics of the fluids used.
  • plastic such as PVC and others dedicated to agricultural irrigation can be used.
  • the container 2 container can be a 120 liter drum and the outlet tube to feed the drip net has a diameter of 30 mm.
  • the vertical tube 8 forms the ascending section of the first siphon 11 that receives the water from the tank 2.
  • the closed cylinder 9, about 100 mm in diameter, forms the descending section of the siphon 11 also houses and supports the rest of the elements.
  • the bell 10 or inverted vessel, about 60 mm in diameter, is the ascending section of the other siphon 12 and finally the vertical tube 13 and curved in its lower part is the descending section of the last siphon 12. Attached to it is the siphon Auxiliary 3 starter of 6 mm in diameter, in its lower angled part there is a priming pore that ensures a correct start in all cycles.
  • a possible flow meter 6 consists of a transparent vertical tube 61, for example 20 mm in diameter and 200 mm high, and attached thereto presents a reading scale (figure 6), with a scale of the flow in liters and another scale of the surface of crops in square meters that can be satisfied with that flow.
  • the vertical tube 61 in its lower part has the liquid inlet and then a side hole 62, of smaller diameter, for the output of the fluid to be measured, to the reservoir 2.
  • the lower part of the flowmeter 6 connects to the filter 5 by a 16 mm tube.
  • the filter 5 is in turn connected to the manual valve 4 also 16mm that receives and regulates the inlet water.
  • the additive tray 7 is located in the upper part of the tank 2, with a capacity of 15 liters. In its lower part it has a hole that allows its slow emptying, and it is enough to fill it with the liquid fertilizer in the appropriate concentration so that it is slowly incorporated into the irrigation water.
  • it is sufficient to place it on a base at least 20 cm high, connect the drip net at its outlet, the arrival of water at its inlet and adjust the valve 4 until the flow meter 6 marks the crop surface to be irrigated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for automatically controlling and dosing fluids, comprising a group of siphons, the group of siphons consisting of at least two siphons arranged in series one after the other and at the same height, said group of siphons being arranged in hydraulic communication with a fluid tank, the at least two consecutive siphons being interconnected in the upper elbow thereof by means of another, auxiliary siphon, said auxiliary siphon having a smaller diameter and a shorter vertical section than the vertical section of the siphons of the group of siphons.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN  DESCRIPTION
SISTEMA DE CONTROL Y DOSIFICACIÓN AUTOMÁTICA DE FLUIDOS OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN AUTOMATIC FLUID CONTROL AND DOSAGE SYSTEM OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente solicitud de invención tiene por objeto el registro de un sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, que incorpora notables innovaciones y ventajas frente a las técnicas utilizadas hasta el momento. The purpose of the present invention application is to register an automatic fluid control and dosing system, which incorporates notable innovations and advantages over the techniques used so far.
Más concretamente, la invención propone el desarrollo de un sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, que por su particular disposición, permite la transformación de un pequeño caudal continuo de entrada en un potente caudal periódico de salida. More specifically, the invention proposes the development of an automatic fluid control and dosing system, which by its particular arrangement allows the transformation of a small continuous input flow into a powerful periodic output flow.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Son conocidas en el actual estado de la técnica soluciones para el control y dosificación de fluidos sin la necesidad de un operario, como por ejemplo electroválvulas, válvulas volumétricas, sensores de nivel, temporizadores, programadores, complejos sistemas informatizados, etc. Solutions for the control and dosing of fluids are known in the current state of the art without the need for an operator, such as solenoid valves, volumetric valves, level sensors, timers, programmers, complex computerized systems, etc.
Las diferentes soluciones conocidas suponen una mayor complejidad y sofisticación, sin suponer sencillez y simplificación, además de precisar de infraestructuras como por ejemplo un centro con energía eléctrica disponible, y muchas variables a tener en cuenta y ajustar, como por ejemplo presión, tiempo de apertura de las electroválvulas, tiempo de cierre, variaciones en el consumo por desgaste u obstrucción parcial de los elementos. The different known solutions involve greater complexity and sophistication, without assuming simplicity and simplification, in addition to requiring infrastructure such as a center with available electrical energy, and many variables to consider and adjust, such as pressure, opening time of the solenoid valves, closing time, variations in consumption due to wear or partial obstruction of the elements.
La presente invención contribuye a solucionar y solventar la presente problemática, pues toda su operativa se reduce a un simple ajuste del caudal mediante una válvula manual de entrada, y todos las demás parámetros se auto ajustan sin necesidad de retoques y sin necesidad de una fuente de energía externa. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN The present invention contributes to solve and solve the present problem, since all its operation is reduced to a simple adjustment of the flow rate by means of a manual inlet valve, and all other parameters are self-adjusted without the need for touch-ups and without the need for a source of external energy DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ha desarrollado con el fin de proporcionar un sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, que se caracteriza esencialmente por el hecho de que comprende un grupo de sifones, siendo el grupo de sifones de al menos dos sifones dispuestos en serie uno a continuación del otro y a la misma altura, estando dicho grupo de sifones dispuesto en comunicación hidráulica con un depósito, estando al menos dos sifones consecutivos comunicados en su codo superior por medio de otro sifón auxiliar, presentando dicho sifón auxiliar un diámetro más pequeño y un tramo vertical más corto que el tramo vertical de los sifones del grupo de sifones. The present invention has been developed in order to provide an automatic control and dosing system for fluids, which is essentially characterized by the fact that it comprises a group of siphons, the group of siphons being at least two siphons arranged in series one following the other and at the same height, said group of siphons being arranged in hydraulic communication with a tank, at least two consecutive siphons being communicated in their upper elbow by means of another auxiliary siphon, said auxiliary siphon having a smaller diameter and a vertical section shorter than the vertical section of the siphons of the group of siphons.
Adicionalmente, el sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos incorpora un caudalímetro, que comprende un tubo vertical transparente con un orificio lateral de menor diámetro en su región inferior, y una escala de lectura adjunta, con una lectura del caudal y otra lectura de la superficie de cultivo susceptible que quedar cubierta con la lectura de caudal. Additionally, the automatic fluid control and dosing system incorporates a flow meter, which comprises a transparent vertical tube with a side hole of smaller diameter in its lower region, and an attached reading scale, with a flow reading and another reading of the flow rate. susceptible crop surface to be covered with flow rate reading.
Alternativamente, en el sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, el sifón auxiliar incorpora un pequeño orificio en su codo inferior. Alternatively, in the automatic fluid control and dosing system, the auxiliary siphon incorporates a small hole in its lower elbow.
Método de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, que comprende las siguientes etapas: Method of automatic control and dosing of fluids, comprising the following stages:
a. Subida de nivel de fluido en el depósito.  to. Increase in fluid level in the tank.
b. Subida del nivel de fluido en el tramo ascendente del primer sifón.  b. Increase in fluid level in the ascending section of the first siphon.
c. Transmisión de presión desde el primer sifón al sifón auxiliar.  C. Pressure transmission from the first siphon to the auxiliary siphon.
d. Transmisión de presión desde el sifón auxiliar hasta el segundo sifón.  d. Pressure transmission from the auxiliary siphon to the second siphon.
e. Paso del fluido al tramo descendente del mismo primer sifón.  and. Passage of the fluid to the descending section of the same first siphon.
f. Subida de fluido por el tramo ascendente del según sifón.  F. Ascent of fluid through the ascending section of the siphon.
g. Paso del fluido al tramo descendente del segundo sifón.  g. Fluid passage to the descending section of the second siphon.
Gracias a la presente invención, se consigue una regulación y transformación de un pequeño caudal continuo de entrada en un potente caudal periódico de salida. Thanks to the present invention, a regulation and transformation of a small continuous input flow into a powerful periodic output flow is achieved.
Otras características y ventajas del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos resultarán evidentes a partir de la descripción de una realización preferida, pero no exclusiva, que se ilustra a modo de ejemplo no limitativo en los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales: Other features and advantages of the automatic fluid control and dosing system will be apparent from the description of a preferred embodiment, but not exclusive, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figura 1.- Es una vista esquemática indicadora de los usos de los sifones conocidos en el estado de la técnica para la evacuación de depósitos. Figure 1.- It is a schematic view indicating the uses of siphons known in the state of the art for the evacuation of deposits.
Figura 2.- Es una vista esquemática de una modalidad de realización preferida del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la presente invención.  Figure 2.- It is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
Figura 3.- Es una vista esquemática de una posible disposición de funcionamiento y servicio de una modalidad de realización preferida del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la presente invención.  Figure 3.- It is a schematic view of a possible operation and service arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
Figura 4 Es una vista esquemática de unos posibles elementos usados en una modalidad de realización preferida del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la presente invención.  Figure 4 It is a schematic view of possible elements used in a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
Figura 5.- Es una vista esquemática de un caudalímetro utilizado en una modalidad de realización preferida del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la presente invención.  Figure 5.- It is a schematic view of a flow meter used in a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
Figura 6.- Es una vista esquemática de una escala utilizada en un caudalímetro en una modalidad de realización preferida del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la presente invención.  Figure 6.- It is a schematic view of a scale used in a flowmeter in a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the present invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Tal y como ya es conocido en el estado de la técnica, son habitualmente utilizadas las propiedades de los sifones en el vaciado de depósitos de fluido o líquido. As is already known in the state of the art, the properties of the siphons are usually used in the emptying of fluid or liquid deposits.
En tal sentido, es conocida y utilizada en el estado de la técnica la disposición representada esquemáticamente en la figura 1 , y en donde también se representa secuencialmente su funcionamiento. In this sense, the arrangement represented schematically in Figure 1 is known and used in the state of the art, and where its operation is also sequentially represented.
En ella, se aprecia la disposición de varios sifones 1 en serie dispuestos en la salida de un depósito 2. A medida que el nivel del fluido del depósito 2 sube, se llena el tramo ascendente del primer sifón, tal y como se aprecia en la situación A. Tras seguir subiendo el nivel de fluido del depósito 2, el fluido va pasando hasta el tramo ascendente del siguiente sifón, tal y como se aprecia en la situación B. Pero para ello, debe de superar este nuevo tramo ascendente del siguiente sifón. In it, the arrangement of several siphons 1 in series arranged at the outlet of a reservoir 2 is appreciated. As the level of the fluid in the reservoir 2 rises, the ascending section of the first siphon is filled, as can be seen in the situation A. After continuing to raise the fluid level of the reservoir 2, the fluid passes to the ascending section of the next siphon, as seen in situation B. But for this, it must overcome this new ascending section of the next siphon.
Para superar este nuevo tramo ascendente hace falta una presión adicional, lo que se consigue al seguir ascendiendo el nivel de fluido del depósito 2, lo que sucede en la situación C. To overcome this new ascending section, additional pressure is required, which is achieved by continuing to increase the level of fluid in reservoir 2, which happens in situation C.
Es entonces cuando al llegar el nivel de fluido del depósito 2 a una altura igual a la suma de los tramos ascendentes de los sucesivos sifones, cuando el líquido puede circular y atravesar los sifones, y vaciarse por tanto el depósito 2, como se representa en la situaciónIt is then when the fluid level of the tank 2 arrives at a height equal to the sum of the ascending sections of the successive siphons, when the liquid can circulate and pass through the siphons, and therefore empty the tank 2, as shown in the situation
C. C.
Aunque el nivel del depósito 2 descienda, el efecto de succión de los sifones mantiene la circulación del fluido hasta el vaciado del depósito 2, como se representa en la situación D. Although the level of the tank 2 decreases, the suction effect of the siphons keeps the circulation of the fluid until the tank 2 is emptied, as represented in situation D.
En definitiva, es necesario que la altura del líquido del depósito 2 sea igual a la suma de los tramos ascendentes de los sifones 1. Es entonces cuando el fluido puede atravesar los sifones 1 y descargarse el depósito 2, tal y como se aprecia en la situación D. In short, it is necessary that the height of the liquid in the tank 2 be equal to the sum of the ascending sections of the siphons 1. It is then when the fluid can pass through the siphons 1 and the tank 2 is discharged, as can be seen in the situation D.
Cuando el nivel depósito 2 baja, el efecto de succión del último tramo del sifón de salida mantiene la descarga hasta el vaciado del depósito 2, tal y como se aprecia en la situaciónWhen the tank level 2 falls, the suction effect of the last section of the outlet siphon keeps the discharge until the tank 2 is emptied, as can be seen in the situation
D. Entonces entra aire de nuevo en los sifones 1 , la descarga acaba y estos pasan de nuevo al estado inicial. D. Then air enters the siphons 1 again, the discharge ends and they return to the initial state.
Un problema que se presenta es la necesidad de un caudal mínimo para que los sifones 1 pasen del estado inicial representado en la situación A de la figura 1 , al de conducción representado en la situación C de la misma figura 1. Por tanto, una entrada pequeña puede no ser suficiente, por lo que el sistema no empieza a descargar. A problem that arises is the need for a minimum flow so that the siphons 1 pass from the initial state represented in situation A of figure 1, to the conduction represented in situation C of the same figure 1. Therefore, an input Small may not be enough, so the system does not start downloading.
Ya de acuerdo con la invención propuesta, y tal y como se muestra esquemáticamente en la figura 2 y sobre todo en su detalle ampliado, el sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención comprende un grupo de sifones 1 dispuesto en comunicación hidráulica con un depósito 2 de fluido, sobre el que se pretende efectuar la evacuación del fluido o líquido. Por otra parte, dicho grupo de sifones 1 comprende a su vez dos sifones 11 , 12 dispuestos en serie uno a continuación del otro y a la misma altura. Already in accordance with the proposed invention, and as schematically shown in Figure 2 and especially in its enlarged detail, the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention comprises a group of siphons 1 arranged in hydraulic communication with a fluid reservoir 2, on which the evacuation of the fluid or liquid is intended. On the other hand, said group of siphons 1 in turn comprises two siphons 11, 12 arranged in series one after the other and at the same height.
Tal y como se puede apreciar sobre todo en el detalle ampliado de la figura 2, los dos sifones 11 , 12 consecutivos están comunicados en su codo superior por otro sifón auxiliar 3. As can be seen above all in the enlarged detail of Figure 2, the two consecutive siphons 11, 12 are communicated at their upper elbow by another auxiliary siphon 3.
Dicho sifón auxiliar 3 es de menor diámetro y presenta su tramo vertical más corto que el tramo vertical de los dos sifones 11 , 12 del grupo de sifones 1. Said auxiliary siphon 3 is smaller in diameter and has a shorter vertical section than the vertical section of the two siphons 11, 12 of the group of siphons 1.
Al quedar comunicados los dos tramos verticales consecutivos de los sifones 11 , 12 mediante el sifón auxiliar 3, ello hace disminuir la presión necesaria y por tanto el nivel de altura necesario de fluido del depósito 2, para iniciar así su evacuación por sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención. When the two consecutive vertical sections of the siphons 11, 12 are communicated by means of the auxiliary siphon 3, this reduces the necessary pressure and therefore the necessary level of fluid height of the reservoir 2, thus initiating its evacuation by control system and automatic dosing of fluids of the invention.
El aumento del nivel de fluido en el depósito 2, supone que la presión se transmita al sifón auxiliar 3, haciendo disminuir la presión necesaria en el primer sifón 11 y pudiendo por tanto comunicarse con el segundo sifón 12. The increase in the fluid level in the tank 2, means that the pressure is transmitted to the auxiliary siphon 3, lowering the necessary pressure in the first siphon 11 and thus being able to communicate with the second siphon 12.
El sifón auxiliar 3 puede incorporar un pequeño orificio 31 en su codo inferior tal y como se aprecia en la figura 2, con una función de cebado para asegurar un arranque correcto en el ciclo de funcionamiento. The auxiliary siphon 3 can incorporate a small hole 31 in its lower elbow as shown in Figure 2, with a priming function to ensure a correct start in the operating cycle.
La invención también incluye un método de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, que es apto para utilizar algunos elementos ya explicados anteriormente. The invention also includes a method of automatic control and dosing of fluids, which is suitable for using some elements already explained above.
El método de control y dosificación automática de fluidos comprende las siguientes etapas: a. Subida de nivel de fluido en el depósito 2. The method of automatic control and dosing of fluids comprises the following stages: a. Increase in fluid level in tank 2.
b. Subida del nivel de fluido en el tramo ascendente del primer sifón 11.  b. Increase in fluid level in the ascending section of the first siphon 11.
c. Transmisión de presión desde el primer sifón 11 al sifón auxiliar 3.  C. Pressure transmission from the first siphon 11 to the auxiliary siphon 3.
d. Transmisión de presión desde el sifón auxiliar 3 hasta el segundo sifón 12.  d. Pressure transmission from auxiliary siphon 3 to second siphon 12.
e. Paso del fluido al tramo descendente del mismo primer sifón 11.  and. Fluid passage to the descending section of the same first siphon 11.
f. Subida de fluido por el tramo ascendente del según sifón 12.  F. Fluid rise through the ascending section of siphon 12.
g. Paso del fluido al tramo descendente del segundo sifón 12. Por tanto, gracias al sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención propuesta, se permite disminuir considerablemente la presión necesaria en el depósito 2, y por tanto el nivel de altura de fluido del depósito 2, para poder iniciar la evacuación del fluido. g. Fluid passage to the descending section of the second siphon 12. Therefore, thanks to the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the proposed invention, it is possible to considerably reduce the pressure required in the tank 2, and therefore the level of fluid height of the tank 2, in order to initiate the evacuation of the fluid .
En la figura 3 se representa esquemáticamente una posible disposición de funcionamiento y servicio del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención. A possible operation and service arrangement of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention is schematically shown in Figure 3.
La válvula manual 4 es el único elemento ajustable, y sirve para variar el caudal de entrada a las necesidades y determinar la cantidad de líquido aplicado. El filtro 5 consigue que el fluido que entra al depósito 2 esté libre de partículas que puedan perjudicar al sistema de la invención. El caudalímetro 6 señala la cantidad de fluido que entra, y puede ser de cualquier tipo que cumpla con el rango de caudal necesario. Manual valve 4 is the only adjustable element, and it is used to vary the inlet flow to the needs and determine the amount of liquid applied. The filter 5 ensures that the fluid entering the reservoir 2 is free of particles that may damage the system of the invention. The flow meter 6 indicates the amount of fluid entering, and can be of any type that meets the necessary flow range.
La cubeta de aditivos 7 es un recipiente con un pequeño orificio en su parte inferior, que en caso necesario se llena con un aditivo y este cae lentamente en el depósito 2 acumulador. The additive cuvette 7 is a container with a small hole in its lower part, which if necessary is filled with an additive and this slowly falls into the accumulator tank 2.
El tamaño y capacidad del depósito 2 acumulador es el elemento temporizador, junto a los caudales de entrada y salida determinan el número de ciclos, el tiempo de llenado y el tiempo de aplicación del fluido. The size and capacity of the accumulator tank 2 is the timer element, together with the input and output flow rates determine the number of cycles, the filling time and the fluid application time.
Esta representación esquemática de la figura 3 del depósito 2 acumulador y grupo de sifones 1 constituye un automatismo de llenado y vaciado, sencillo y eficiente, que transforma un pequeño caudal continuo de entrada en un potente caudal periódico de salida. This schematic representation of figure 3 of the tank 2 accumulator and group of siphons 1 constitutes a simple and efficient filling and emptying automatism, which transforms a small continuous input flow into a powerful periodic output flow.
Otro inconveniente de los sistemas conocidos en el estado de la técnica es que no son eficientes y operativos a bajas presiones. A diferencia, el sistema de la invención propuesta resulta muy ventajoso en un rango de muy bajas presiones. Another drawback of the systems known in the state of the art is that they are not efficient and operative at low pressures. In contrast, the system of the proposed invention is very advantageous in a range of very low pressures.
Otra ventaja de operar a tan bajas presiones, es el coste mínimo en caso de necesidad de bombeo. La presente invención aventaja a todas ellas en sencillez, costes, mantenimiento, requerimientos en infraestructuras, facilidad de control, consumo de energía, magnitud de caudal, mínima perdida de carga, y eficiencia a muy bajas presiones. Otra ventaja añadida es que la cantidad de fluido aplicada es independiente de variaciones, como las producidas por el cambio o envejecimiento de los elementos del circuito, alargando por tanto su uso. Another advantage of operating at such low pressures is the minimum cost in case of need of pumping. The present invention exceeds all of them in simplicity, costs, maintenance, infrastructure requirements, ease of control, energy consumption, magnitude of flow, minimum loss of load, and efficiency at very low pressures. Another added advantage is that the amount of fluid applied is independent of variations, such as those produced by the change or aging of the circuit elements, thereby lengthening its use.
Otra ventaja mas es que el caudal de carga es previo y muy pequeño, por lo que las necesidades del sistema de filtrado son mínimas, siendo suficiente filtros pequeños y baratos. Another advantage is that the flow rate is prior and very small, so the needs of the filtering system are minimal, with small and cheap filters being sufficient.
El caudal de descarga por otro lado es directo desde el depósito 2 y potente, sin elementos intermedios que provoquen perdidas de carga y presión, ya que el líquido ha sido previamente tratado y acondicionado en el circuito de carga. The discharge flow on the other hand is direct from the tank 2 and powerful, without intermediate elements that cause loss of load and pressure, since the liquid has been previously treated and conditioned in the charging circuit.
Un ejemplo muy útil de uso del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención puede ser el control, fertirrigación y automatización de riego por goteo. Los elementos usados para ello han de ser acordes con las características de los fluidos utilizados. En el caso de agua de riego, se puede usar plástico como PVC y otros dedicados al riego agrícola. A very useful example of the use of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention can be the control, fertigation and automation of drip irrigation. The elements used for this must be consistent with the characteristics of the fluids used. In the case of irrigation water, plastic such as PVC and others dedicated to agricultural irrigation can be used.
El depósito 2 contenedor puede ser un bidón de 120 litros y el tubo de salida para alimentar la red de goteros tener un diámetro de 30 mm. The container 2 container can be a 120 liter drum and the outlet tube to feed the drip net has a diameter of 30 mm.
Para la materialización del grupo de sifones 1 , puede ser útil el uso de tubos de 40 mm y campanas o vasos invertidos, ya que estos permiten una estructura más compacta y resistente. En la figura 4 se ilustra un ejemplo de elementos usados y su disposición. For the materialization of the group of siphons 1, the use of 40 mm tubes and bells or inverted vessels may be useful, since these allow a more compact and resistant structure. An example of used elements and their arrangement is illustrated in Figure 4.
El tubo vertical 8 forma el tramo ascendente del primer sifón 11 que recibe el agua del depósito 2. El cilindro cerrado 9, de unos 100 mm de diámetro, forma el tramo descendente del sifón 11 además aloja y da soporte al resto de elementos. La campana 10 o vaso invertido, de unos 60 mm de diámetro, es el tramo ascendente del otro sifón 12 y finalmente el tubo vertical 13 y curvado en su parte inferior es el tramo descendente del último sifón 12. Unido a él se ilustra el sifón auxiliar 3 de arranque de 6 mm de diámetro, en su parte acodada inferior se dispone un poro de cebado que asegura un arranque correcto en todos los ciclos. Para la entrada de agua al depósito 2 acumulador existen dos orificios en su parte superior. Uno de 16 mm de diámetro, procedente de la parte superior del caudalímetro 6, para el llenado manual o de emergencia y otro debajo de 4 mm de diámetro para el llenado de trabajo. The vertical tube 8 forms the ascending section of the first siphon 11 that receives the water from the tank 2. The closed cylinder 9, about 100 mm in diameter, forms the descending section of the siphon 11 also houses and supports the rest of the elements. The bell 10 or inverted vessel, about 60 mm in diameter, is the ascending section of the other siphon 12 and finally the vertical tube 13 and curved in its lower part is the descending section of the last siphon 12. Attached to it is the siphon Auxiliary 3 starter of 6 mm in diameter, in its lower angled part there is a priming pore that ensures a correct start in all cycles. For the entrance of water to the tank 2 accumulator there are two holes in its upper part. One of 16 mm in diameter, from the top of the flowmeter 6, for manual or emergency filling and another below 4 mm in diameter for work filling.
Tal y como representa en la figura 5, un posible caudalímetro 6 consta de un tubo vertical 61 transparente, de por ejemplo 20 mm de diámetro y 200 mm de altura, y adjunto a él presenta una escala de lectura (figura 6), con una escala del caudal en litros y otra escala de la superficie de cultivos en metros cuadrados que se puede satisfacer con ese caudal. El tubo vertical 61 en su parte inferior dispone de la entrada del líquido y a continuación un orificio lateral 62, de menor diámetro, para la salida del fluido a medir, hasta el depósito 2. As shown in figure 5, a possible flow meter 6 consists of a transparent vertical tube 61, for example 20 mm in diameter and 200 mm high, and attached thereto presents a reading scale (figure 6), with a scale of the flow in liters and another scale of the surface of crops in square meters that can be satisfied with that flow. The vertical tube 61 in its lower part has the liquid inlet and then a side hole 62, of smaller diameter, for the output of the fluid to be measured, to the reservoir 2.
En el caso de caudal mínimo toda el agua que entra por la parte inferior fluye por la salida sin alcanzar altura en el tubo vertical 61 , tal y como se aprecia en la situación A de la figura 5. Cuando el caudal aumenta, la altura del nivel de agua en el tubo vertical 61 transparente sube y señala en una escala graduada (figura 6) el caudal, en la situación B de la misma figura 5. Si se supera el caudal máximo, la altura del agua supera al tubo vertical 61 , por ello la salida superior del tubo vertical transparente está conectada al depósito 2 y cae en él fuera de escala, como se aprecia en la situación C de la figura 5. In the case of minimum flow, all the water that enters through the lower part flows through the outlet without reaching height in the vertical tube 61, as can be seen in situation A of Figure 5. When the flow increases, the height of the Water level in the transparent vertical tube 61 rises and indicates on a graduated scale (figure 6) the flow rate, in situation B of the same figure 5. If the maximum flow rate is exceeded, the water height exceeds the vertical tube 61, Therefore, the upper outlet of the transparent vertical tube is connected to the tank 2 and falls out of scale, as can be seen in situation C of Figure 5.
La parte inferior del caudalímetro 6 conecta con el filtro 5 mediante un tubo de 16 mm. El filtro 5 está conectado a su vez con la válvula manual 4 también de 16mm que recibe y regula el agua de entrada. The lower part of the flowmeter 6 connects to the filter 5 by a 16 mm tube. The filter 5 is in turn connected to the manual valve 4 also 16mm that receives and regulates the inlet water.
Una ventaja importante aportada por el caudalímetro 6 representado en las figuras 5 y 6, consiste en que una de sus escalas graduadas no mide el caudal que circula, sino directamente el servicio que ese caudal permite, tal y como se aprecia en la figura 6 en su parte derecha. Así por ejemplo en el caso de agua para riego, la escala mencionada señala directamente la superficie de tierra regable, lo cual hace mucho más sencillo, intuitivo y cómodo los ajustes necesarios en el sistema de la invención. An important advantage provided by the flowmeter 6 represented in Figures 5 and 6, is that one of its graduated scales does not measure the flow that circulates, but directly the service that this flow allows, as can be seen in Figure 6 in its right part Thus, for example, in the case of irrigation water, the aforementioned scale directly indicates the irrigable land surface, which makes the necessary adjustments in the system of the invention much simpler, more intuitive and comfortable.
En el caso de necesitar fertirrigar el cultivo se dispone de la cubeta de aditivos 7 alojada en la parte superior del depósito 2, de unos 15 litros de capacidad. En su parte inferior tiene un orificio que permite su lento vaciado, y basta con llenarla del fertilizante líquido en la concentración adecuada para que este se incorpore lentamente al agua de riego. Para el funcionamiento del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención, basta con colocarlo en una base de al menos a 20 cm de altura, conectar la red de goteros a su salida, la llegada de agua a su entrada y ajustar la válvula 4 hasta que el caudalímetro 6 marque la superficie de cultivo a regar. If the crop needs to be fertirrigated, the additive tray 7 is located in the upper part of the tank 2, with a capacity of 15 liters. In its lower part it has a hole that allows its slow emptying, and it is enough to fill it with the liquid fertilizer in the appropriate concentration so that it is slowly incorporated into the irrigation water. For the operation of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention, it is sufficient to place it on a base at least 20 cm high, connect the drip net at its outlet, the arrival of water at its inlet and adjust the valve 4 until the flow meter 6 marks the crop surface to be irrigated.
Los detalles, las formas, las dimensiones y demás elementos accesorios, así como los materiales empleados en la fabricación del sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos de la invención, podrán ser convenientemente sustituidos por otros que sean técnicamente equivalentes y no se aparten de la esencialidad de la invención ni del ámbito definido por las reivindicaciones que se incluyen a continuación. The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the materials used in the manufacture of the automatic fluid control and dosing system of the invention, may be conveniently replaced by others that are technically equivalent and do not depart from the essentiality of the invention or of the scope defined by the claims included below.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende un grupo de sifones (1), siendo el grupo de sifones (1) de al menos dos sifones (11 , 12) dispuestos en serie uno a continuación del otro y a la misma altura, estando dicho grupo de sifones (1) dispuesto en comunicación hidráulica con un depósito (2) de fluido, estando al menos dos sifones (11 , 12) consecutivos comunicados en su codo superior por medio de otro sifón auxiliar (3), presentando dicho sifón auxiliar (3) un diámetro más pequeño y un tramo vertical más corto que el tramo vertical de los sifones (11 , 12) del grupo de sifones (1). 1. Automatic fluid control and dosing system, characterized in that it comprises a group of siphons (1), the group of siphons (1) being at least two siphons (11, 12) arranged in series one below of the other and at the same height, said group of siphons (1) being arranged in hydraulic communication with a fluid reservoir (2), at least two consecutive siphons (11, 12) being communicated in their upper elbow by means of another auxiliary siphon (3), said auxiliary siphon (3) having a smaller diameter and a shorter vertical section than the vertical section of the siphons (11, 12) of the group of siphons (1).
2. Sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que incorpora un caudalímetro (6), que comprende un tubo vertical (61) transparente con un orificio lateral (62) de menor diámetro en su región inferior, y una escala de lectura adjunta, con una lectura del caudal y otra lectura de la superficie de cultivo susceptible que quedar cubierta con la lectura de caudal. 2. Automatic fluid control and dosing system according to claim 1, characterized in that it incorporates a flow meter (6), comprising a transparent vertical tube (61) with a side hole (62) of smaller diameter in its lower region, and an attached reading scale, with a flow rate reading and another susceptible crop surface reading to be covered with the flow rate reading.
3. Sistema de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, según la reivindicación 1 o 2, caracterizado por el hecho de que el sifón auxiliar (3) incorpora un pequeño orificio (31) en su codo inferior. 3. Automatic fluid control and dosing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the auxiliary siphon (3) incorporates a small hole (31) in its lower elbow.
4. Método de control y dosificación automática de fluidos, apto para su aplicación en el sistema de la reivindicación 1 o 2 o 3, caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende las siguientes etapas: a. Subida de nivel de fluido en el depósito (2). 4. Automatic fluid control and dosing method, suitable for application in the system of claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. Increase in fluid level in the tank (2).
b. Subida del nivel de fluido en el tramo ascendente del primer sifón (11).  b. Increase in fluid level in the ascending section of the first siphon (11).
c. Transmisión de presión desde el primer sifón (11) al sifón auxiliar (3).  C. Pressure transmission from the first siphon (11) to the auxiliary siphon (3).
d. Transmisión de presión desde el sifón auxiliar (3) hasta el segundo sifón (12).  d. Pressure transmission from the auxiliary siphon (3) to the second siphon (12).
e. Paso del fluido al tramo descendente del mismo primer sifón (11).  and. Passage of the fluid to the descending section of the same first siphon (11).
f. Subida de fluido por el tramo ascendente del según sifón (12).  F. Fluid rise through the ascending section of the siphon (12).
g. Paso del fluido al tramo descendente del segundo sifón (12).  g. Flow of the fluid to the descending section of the second siphon (12).
PCT/ES2019/070130 2018-03-12 2019-03-05 Automatic fluid control and dosing system WO2019175453A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

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GB1035213A (en) * 1962-03-08 1966-07-06 Claimcom Patents Ltd Improvements in siphonic means for discharging liquids from cisterns or like vessels
US4423627A (en) * 1980-09-15 1984-01-03 Cavileer Watson V Flow meter

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CN205857340U (en) * 2016-07-13 2017-01-04 深圳市高德威技术有限公司 Water tank automatic sewage discharging device
CN107297091A (en) * 2017-08-20 2017-10-27 合肥华则创科技开发有限公司 A kind of settler for possessing automatic mud removing function

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH361544A (en) * 1957-06-07 1962-04-15 Sanchez Suarez Pedro Flush
GB1035213A (en) * 1962-03-08 1966-07-06 Claimcom Patents Ltd Improvements in siphonic means for discharging liquids from cisterns or like vessels
US4423627A (en) * 1980-09-15 1984-01-03 Cavileer Watson V Flow meter

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