WO2019171315A1 - Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon - Google Patents

Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019171315A1
WO2019171315A1 PCT/IB2019/051843 IB2019051843W WO2019171315A1 WO 2019171315 A1 WO2019171315 A1 WO 2019171315A1 IB 2019051843 W IB2019051843 W IB 2019051843W WO 2019171315 A1 WO2019171315 A1 WO 2019171315A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slide
lever
axis
barrel
rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2019/051843
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Viktor SHAMRAI
Original Assignee
Shamrai Viktor
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shamrai Viktor filed Critical Shamrai Viktor
Publication of WO2019171315A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019171315A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers
    • F41A3/86—Coil spring buffers mounted under or above the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/42—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes hand-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C3/00—Pistols, e.g. revolvers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C7/00—Shoulder-fired smallarms, e.g. rifles, carbines, shotguns
    • F41C7/06—Lever-action guns, i.e. guns having a rocking lever for loading or cocking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon with a stationary barrel mounted fixedly in a frame on which a slide is mounted displaceably for forward and backward movement, the slide being coupled to a retractable spring acting on the slide in a direction towards its front position, whereby a pair of levers is arranged under the barrel between the movable slide and the rigid frame of the weapon, the pair of levers consisting of a rear lever, mounted rotatably around the rear axis on the frame, and a front lever, mounted rotatably around the rear axis on the front axis on the slide, whereby the rear lever and the front lever are rotatably connected to each other through a common axis.
  • Patent GB127642A discloses an automatic rifle, the automation of which is based on the utilization of the energy of the powder gases released from a barrel channel.
  • a piston Under the barrel is arranged a piston which, after a shot, moves forwards due to the action of the powder gases, actuating a mechanism consisting of a complex system of levers, telescopic connecting rods, a sliding element and springs.
  • a mechanism consisting of a complex system of levers, telescopic connecting rods, a sliding element and springs.
  • the springs stretched by the piston are activated by a locking mechanism to reload the rifle, whereby the locking mechanism first opens and then closes due to the force of the springs.
  • the locking mechanism consists of two parts, a slide body and a slide bolt. During shooting, the barrel is locked by the bolt which rotates around its axis, and its catches fit in spaces behind the projections of the barrel housing which contains the firearm barrel.
  • the device is to complicated and unusable for modern weapons.
  • Known is also utility model 30 347“Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon” of the inventor and owner Viktor Shamrai.
  • the rear lever is rotatably mounted on the frame through a rear axis and the front lever is rotatably mounted at the slide through a front axis, whereby the line interlaid by the rear axis and by the front axis is parallel to the barrel channel, or, in other words, to the direction of the slide movement.
  • the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers.
  • the connecting line of all three axes of the mounting of the levers create a broken line with an internal angle of less than 180 ° and an external angle greater than 180 °.
  • the internal angle is the angle between the levers and the barrel.
  • the positive features of the above-mentioned locking mechanism of a slide of a pistol is a high degree of accuracy of shooting, since the barrel is fixedly mounted in the frame of the pistol, simple construction and the possibility of using high-performance cartridges without increasing the weight of the slide.
  • the constructional possibilities of using this solution in the weapons are limited by the fact that the straight line interlaid by the rear axis of the rear lever and the front axis of the front lever is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel and the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation, so when designing a new weapon, you can only work with adjusting the size of the internal angle between the levers depending on the performance of the cartridge.
  • the aim of the invention is to propose further variants of the arrangement of a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon and thus extend the possibilities of using the locking mechanism of a slide in the construction of various models and types of weapons.
  • the aim of the invention is achieved by a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon according to the present invention, whose principle consists in that the line interlaid by the rear axis of the rear lever and by the front axis of rotation of the front lever is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel channel.
  • the designer may not only change the angle between the levers, but also the distance of the axes from the barrel channel, when selecting a locking mechanism according to specific requirements. Due to this, the desired parameters of the locking of the slide can be achieved more easily and more accurately.
  • the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever from the barrel is substantially greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel. This means that the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever intersects the axis of the barrel channel outside the weapon, in the direction of the shot behind the barrel muzzle.
  • the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever from the barrel may be shorter than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel, which means that the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the lever intersects the axis of the barrel channel inside the weapon, in the direction of the shot in before the barrel muzzle.
  • the energy of the recoil movement strives to reduce the internal angle between the front lever and the rear lever and move their common axis downwards, whereby the force of the recoil movement in the initial phase of the shot is resisted by rest position inertia force of the slide, the elastic force of the retractable spring, the elastic force of the material of the levers and of their connection, the frictional force in the connection, as well as the mounting of the levers. It is only after overcoming these forces that the slide begins to move backwards. This ensures the possibility of shooting with high- performance cartridges, while maintaining the low weight of the slide and of the entire weapon.
  • the locking mechanism of the weapon is configured in such a manner that the common axis of the pair of levers lies on a line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers.
  • the locking force for the use of high-performance cartridges can be adjusted when designing and constructing the weapon by changing the distance between the rear axis of the rear lever and the barrel.
  • the locking mechanism of the weapon is configured in such a manner that the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers.
  • the internal angle against the barrel between the rear lever and the front lever is less than 180 °, and the locking force for the use of for the use of high-performance cartridges can be adjusted when designing and constructing the weapon both by adjusting the distance between the rear axis of the rear lever and the barrel and by adjusting the size of the internal angle between the levers in the rest position before the shot.
  • grippers are provided on either side of the common axis of the rear lever and the front lever to be gripped by the shooter's fingers when pulling the slide.
  • the retractable spring is disposed between the rear lever and the front lever and is formed by two arms, whereby the rear arm leans against the top of the rear lever and the front arm leans against the top of the front lever.
  • the retractable spring is arranged on the common axis of the rear lever and the front lever.
  • the retractable spring is mounted between the rear lever and the front part of the weapon frame.
  • the retractable spring is mounted on a barrel, which acts as a guide for it, and leans by one end against the frame and by the other end against the front part of the slide.
  • the retractable spring may be mounted under the barrel on a separate guide, which is parallel to the barrel, and leans by one end against the frame and by the other end against the front part of the slide.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall view of the pistol in the initial state before the shot when the common axis lies on the line between the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever
  • Fig. 2 shows an overall view of the pistol of Fig. 1 after the shot and after moving the slide to the rearmost position
  • FIG. 3 shows an overall view of the pistol in the initial state before the shot, when the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever and Fig. 4 shows an overall view of the pistol of Fig. 3 after the shot and after displacing the slide.
  • the locking mechanism of a slide during shooting according to the invention will be described with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a pistol, but it can be used on other guns, such as machine guns, automatic shotguns, automatic firearms, self-loading hunting guns and machine guns. It is important to note that only the components which are directly connected to the invention and which are shown in the drawing will be described here.
  • the pistol in the exemplary embodiment comprises a frame 1 provided with a grip 2 which serves for holding the pistol with the shooter ' s hand.
  • a barrel 3 is fixedly mounted, in which a well-known barrel channel (not shown) is formed.
  • a well-known unillustrated guide is provided on the frame 1.
  • On the guide is reversibly slidably mounted a slide 4, able to move between its front position and rear position.
  • a rear axis 6, on which a rear lever 5 is mounted displaceably by its rear end for rotatable movement with respect to the frame 1.
  • the rotation of the rear lever 5 with respect to the frame 1 can be realized either by the rotatable mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and by the fixed mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6, or by the fixed mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and by the rotatable mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6, or by the rotatable mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and by the rotatable mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6.
  • the rear axis 6 may be part of the frame 1 or part of the rear lever 5.
  • a front axis 8 In the front part of the slide 4 under the barrel 3 is arranged a front axis 8, on which a front lever 5 is mounted displaceably by its front end for rotatable movement with respect to the slide 4.
  • the rotation of the front lever 7 with respect to the slide 4 can be realized either by the rotatable mounting of the front axis 8 on the slide 4 and by the fixed mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8, or by the fixed mounting of the front axis 8 on the slide 4 and by the rotatable mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8, or by the rotatable mounting of the front axis 8 on the slide 4 and by the rotatable mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8.
  • the front axis 8 may be part of the slide 4 or part of the front lever 7.
  • the distance of the axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 is greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel 3. This means that the line interlaid by the axes 6, 8 of rotation of the rear lever 5 and of the front lever 7 is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel or to the direction of the slide 4 movement.
  • the free end of the front lever 7 is rotatably connected to the free end of the rear lever 5 through a common axis 9, which is movable in the space under the barrel 3 and the slide 4.
  • grippers 91 On either side at the end of the common axis 9 are provided grippers 91 to be gripped by the shooter ' s fingers when pulling the slide 4.
  • a retractable spring 10 of the slide 4 which has two arms, whereby the front arm leans against the bottom of the rear lever 5 and the rear arm leans against the frame 1 of the weapon.
  • the arms of the retractable spring 10 between the frame 1 and the rear lever 5 exert a force in the direction of the levers 7, 5 moving away from each other, that is, in the direction of increasing the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5.
  • the strength of the retractable spring 10 maintains the slide 4 in the front position, acting on the common axis 9 in the direction towards the barrel 3.
  • the common axis 9 is situated on a line connecting the axis of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the axis
  • the common axis 9 is arranged with respect to the barrel 3 and the slide 4 below an imaginary line connecting the front axis 8 and the rear axis 6.
  • the angle between the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7, directed to the barrel 3 will be hereinafter referred to as the internal angle between these levers 5 and 7.
  • the retractable spring 10 may be mounted between the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7, with the arms of the spring leaning against the levers the direction of the levers moving away from each other, that is, in the direction of increasing the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5.
  • the retractable spring 10 is arranged on the barrel 3, which acts as a guide for it, whereby the retractable spring leans by one end against the frame 1 and by the other end against the front part of the slide 4.
  • the retractable spring is disposed under the barrel 3 on a separate guide, which is parallel to the barrel 3 and leans by one end against the frame 1 and by the other end against the front part of the slide 4.
  • a separate guide which is parallel to the barrel 3 and leans by one end against the frame 1 and by the other end against the front part of the slide 4.
  • the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the front axis 8 of the front lever 7 is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel, but the structural arrangement is opposite to that of Figs. 3 and 4, which means that the distance of the front axis 8 of rotation of the front lever 7 from the barrel 3 is greater than the distance of the rear axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5.
  • the common axis 9 of the pair of levers 5, 7 lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes 6, 8 of rotation of the pair of levers 5, 7.
  • the levers 5 and 7 After releasing the grippers, the levers 5 and 7 start to move vigorously away from each other due to the action of the retractable spring 10.
  • the rear lever 5 rotates around the rear axis 6 arranged in the front part of the rigid frame 1 , whereby the common axis 9 returns to its initial position and moves towards the barrel 3.
  • the front lever 7 returns to its initial position and pushes the slide 4 forwards by the pressure through the front axis 8 to its front lower part.
  • the slide 4 pulls the top cartridge from a magazine in a known manner and feeds it to a cartridge chamber of the barrel 3 of the pistol to perform a shot. Once the slide 4 has reached its frontmost position, it closes the barrel 3 channel by the cartridge case of the cartridge.
  • the system of levers 5 and 7 expands forwards from the rear axis 6 in the front part of the frame 1 to the front axis 8 in the front lower part of the slide 4, and in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, it forms by its shape a straight line, and in the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, it forms by its shape a broken line having an internal angle less than 180 °.
  • the slide 4 is blocked before the shot. In this position the pistol is loaded and ready to shoot.
  • the bullet moves under the pressure of the powder gases through the barrel 3 channel.
  • the powder gases push on the slide 4 through the ends of the cartridge casing, pass it the energy of the recoil movement and try to move it backwards.
  • the slide 4 by the front lower part passes the pressure of the powder gases to the front lever 7, through the common axis 9 to the rear lever 5 and through the rear lever 5 and the rear axis 6 to the front wall of the rigid frame 1 of the pistol.
  • the energy of the recoil movement being passed tries to reduce the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5, bring the front axis 8 and the rear axis 6 closer to each other, move the common axis 9 down and compress the retractable spring 10.
  • the slide 4 obtains enough energy of the powder gases for overcoming the resistance of the above-mentioned forces which maintain the slide 4 in the frontmost position.
  • the slide 4 pushes the common axis 9 of the levers 5 and 7 down and begins to move backwards, whereby it makes the levers 5 and 7 move towards by reducing the internal angle between them and compresses the retractable spring 10.
  • the slide 4 pulls the used cartridge case in a known manner from the cartridge chamber of the barrel 3, whereupon the used cartridge is propelled out by an unillustrated ejector.
  • the slide 4 begins due to the action of the retractable spring 10 move forwards and feeds the next cartridge from the magazine to the cartridge chamber of the barrel 3 to perform the next shot.
  • the slide 4 closes the barrel 3 channel by means of the cartridge case.
  • the system of levers 5 and 7 expands forwards from the rear axis 6 in the front part of the rigid frame 1 to the front axis 8 in the front lower part of the slide 4 and in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, it forms by its shape a straight line, and in the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, it forms by its shape a broken line having an internal angle less than 180 °, thus blocking the slide before the shot.
  • the pistol is ready for the next shot.
  • the invention provides, as compared with the closest background art, the possibility of shooting high-performance cartridges from a pistol with a stationary barrel fixedly mounted on the frame, while maintaining low weight of the slide and of the whole pistol.
  • the same locking mechanism of a slide 4 during the shot can be used on machine pistols, automatic shotguns, automatic firearms, self-loading hunting guns and machine guns. At the same time, the main principles of the locking mechanism must be maintained:
  • the common axis 9 of the rear lever 5 and of the front lever 7 is either situated in the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 and the front axis 8, or it is situated below this line, and, consequently, the levers 5 and 7 form a line, or a broken line with an internal angle against the barrel 3 less than 180 °, and a corresponding external angle more than 180 °;
  • Exact values of the angles are determined according to the performance of the cartridge and the construction of a specific embodiment of the weapon.
  • the invention is intended for weapons with a stationary barrel mounted fixedly in a frame for shooting high-performance cartridges.

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon with a stationary barrel (3) mounted fixedly in a frame (1) of a weapon, on which a slide (4) is mounted displaceably for forward and backward movement, the slide (4) being coupled to a retractable spring (10) acting on the slide (4) in a direction towards its frontmost position, whereby between the movable slide (4) and the stationary barrel (1) of the weapon, below the barrel (3), is arranged a pair of levers (5, 7) consisting of a rear lever (5) rotatably mounted around the rear axis (6) on the frame (1) and of a front lever (7) rotatably mounted around the front axis (8) on the slide (4), whereby the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7) are connected to each other by a common axis (9).

Description

Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon
Technical field
The invention relates to a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon with a stationary barrel mounted fixedly in a frame on which a slide is mounted displaceably for forward and backward movement, the slide being coupled to a retractable spring acting on the slide in a direction towards its front position, whereby a pair of levers is arranged under the barrel between the movable slide and the rigid frame of the weapon, the pair of levers consisting of a rear lever, mounted rotatably around the rear axis on the frame, and a front lever, mounted rotatably around the rear axis on the front axis on the slide, whereby the rear lever and the front lever are rotatably connected to each other through a common axis.
Background art
Patent GB127642A discloses an automatic rifle, the automation of which is based on the utilization of the energy of the powder gases released from a barrel channel.
Under the barrel is arranged a piston which, after a shot, moves forwards due to the action of the powder gases, actuating a mechanism consisting of a complex system of levers, telescopic connecting rods, a sliding element and springs. After a pressure drop in the barrel, the springs stretched by the piston are activated by a locking mechanism to reload the rifle, whereby the locking mechanism first opens and then closes due to the force of the springs. The locking mechanism consists of two parts, a slide body and a slide bolt. During shooting, the barrel is locked by the bolt which rotates around its axis, and its catches fit in spaces behind the projections of the barrel housing which contains the firearm barrel.
The device is to complicated and unusable for modern weapons. Known is also utility model 30 347“Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon" of the inventor and owner Viktor Shamrai.
The description and patent claims describe the operation of a locking mechanism of a slide during a shot with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a self-loading pistol which has a barrel fixedly mounted in a frame. The locking of the slide of the weapon during the shot until the moment of the ejection of a bullet from the barrel and the pressure drop in the barrel is carried out by two levers rotatably connected to each other, which are arranged under the barrel in the front part of the weapon between the rigid frame and the movable slide with the possibility of rotation on their axes and on the common axis of their rotatable connection. The rear lever is rotatably mounted on the frame through a rear axis and the front lever is rotatably mounted at the slide through a front axis, whereby the line interlaid by the rear axis and by the front axis is parallel to the barrel channel, or, in other words, to the direction of the slide movement. The common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers.
The connecting line of all three axes of the mounting of the levers create a broken line with an internal angle of less than 180 ° and an external angle greater than 180 °. The internal angle is the angle between the levers and the barrel.
The positive features of the above-mentioned locking mechanism of a slide of a pistol is a high degree of accuracy of shooting, since the barrel is fixedly mounted in the frame of the pistol, simple construction and the possibility of using high-performance cartridges without increasing the weight of the slide. The constructional possibilities of using this solution in the weapons are limited by the fact that the straight line interlaid by the rear axis of the rear lever and the front axis of the front lever is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel and the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation, so when designing a new weapon, you can only work with adjusting the size of the internal angle between the levers depending on the performance of the cartridge.
The aim of the invention is to propose further variants of the arrangement of a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon and thus extend the possibilities of using the locking mechanism of a slide in the construction of various models and types of weapons.
Principle of the invention
The aim of the invention is achieved by a locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon according to the present invention, whose principle consists in that the line interlaid by the rear axis of the rear lever and by the front axis of rotation of the front lever is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel channel. Thus, the designer may not only change the angle between the levers, but also the distance of the axes from the barrel channel, when selecting a locking mechanism according to specific requirements. Due to this, the desired parameters of the locking of the slide can be achieved more easily and more accurately.
In the first alternative embodiment, the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever from the barrel is substantially greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel. This means that the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever intersects the axis of the barrel channel outside the weapon, in the direction of the shot behind the barrel muzzle. In the second alternative embodiment, the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever from the barrel may be shorter than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel, which means that the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the lever intersects the axis of the barrel channel inside the weapon, in the direction of the shot in before the barrel muzzle.
During the shot, the energy of the recoil movement strives to reduce the internal angle between the front lever and the rear lever and move their common axis downwards, whereby the force of the recoil movement in the initial phase of the shot is resisted by rest position inertia force of the slide, the elastic force of the retractable spring, the elastic force of the material of the levers and of their connection, the frictional force in the connection, as well as the mounting of the levers. It is only after overcoming these forces that the slide begins to move backwards. This ensures the possibility of shooting with high- performance cartridges, while maintaining the low weight of the slide and of the entire weapon.
In the first alternative embodiment, the locking mechanism of the weapon is configured in such a manner that the common axis of the pair of levers lies on a line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers. In this embodiment, the locking force for the use of high-performance cartridges can be adjusted when designing and constructing the weapon by changing the distance between the rear axis of the rear lever and the barrel.
In the first and second alternative embodiments, the locking mechanism of the weapon is configured in such a manner that the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers. In this embodiment, the internal angle against the barrel between the rear lever and the front lever is less than 180 °, and the locking force for the use of for the use of high-performance cartridges can be adjusted when designing and constructing the weapon both by adjusting the distance between the rear axis of the rear lever and the barrel and by adjusting the size of the internal angle between the levers in the rest position before the shot.
In order to facilitate the handling of the weapon before the first shot, grippers are provided on either side of the common axis of the rear lever and the front lever to be gripped by the shooter's fingers when pulling the slide.
In a specific embodiment, the retractable spring is disposed between the rear lever and the front lever and is formed by two arms, whereby the rear arm leans against the top of the rear lever and the front arm leans against the top of the front lever.
Furthermore, it is advantageous if the retractable spring is arranged on the common axis of the rear lever and the front lever.
In another alternative unillustrated embodiment, the retractable spring is mounted between the rear lever and the front part of the weapon frame.
In yet another alternative embodiment, the retractable spring is mounted on a barrel, which acts as a guide for it, and leans by one end against the frame and by the other end against the front part of the slide. Also, the retractable spring may be mounted under the barrel on a separate guide, which is parallel to the barrel, and leans by one end against the frame and by the other end against the front part of the slide.
Description of drawings
The principle of the invention is schematically represented in the drawings of an exemplary embodiment of a self-loading pistol, wherein the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel channel or to the direction of the slide movement, and the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever from the barrel is greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever, whereby Fig. 1 shows an overall view of the pistol in the initial state before the shot when the common axis lies on the line between the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever, Fig. 2 shows an overall view of the pistol of Fig. 1 after the shot and after moving the slide to the rearmost position, Fig. 3 shows an overall view of the pistol in the initial state before the shot, when the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever and Fig. 4 shows an overall view of the pistol of Fig. 3 after the shot and after displacing the slide.
Examples of embodiment
The locking mechanism of a slide during shooting according to the invention will be described with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a pistol, but it can be used on other guns, such as machine guns, automatic shotguns, automatic firearms, self-loading hunting guns and machine guns. It is important to note that only the components which are directly connected to the invention and which are shown in the drawing will be described here.
The pistol in the exemplary embodiment comprises a frame 1 provided with a grip 2 which serves for holding the pistol with the shooter's hand. In the frame 1 a barrel 3 is fixedly mounted, in which a well-known barrel channel (not shown) is formed. A well-known unillustrated guide is provided on the frame 1. On the guide is reversibly slidably mounted a slide 4, able to move between its front position and rear position.
In the front part of the frame 1 under the barrel 3 is arranged a rear axis 6, on which a rear lever 5 is mounted displaceably by its rear end for rotatable movement with respect to the frame 1. The rotation of the rear lever 5 with respect to the frame 1 can be realized either by the rotatable mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and by the fixed mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6, or by the fixed mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and by the rotatable mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6, or by the rotatable mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and by the rotatable mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6. In an unillustrated embodiment, the rear axis 6 may be part of the frame 1 or part of the rear lever 5.
In the front part of the slide 4 under the barrel 3 is arranged a front axis 8, on which a front lever 5 is mounted displaceably by its front end for rotatable movement with respect to the slide 4. The rotation of the front lever 7 with respect to the slide 4 can be realized either by the rotatable mounting of the front axis 8 on the slide 4 and by the fixed mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8, or by the fixed mounting of the front axis 8 on the slide 4 and by the rotatable mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8, or by the rotatable mounting of the front axis 8 on the slide 4 and by the rotatable mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8. In an unillustrated embodiment, the front axis 8 may be part of the slide 4 or part of the front lever 7.
In the exemplary embodiment shown, the distance of the axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 is greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel 3. This means that the line interlaid by the axes 6, 8 of rotation of the rear lever 5 and of the front lever 7 is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel or to the direction of the slide 4 movement.
The free end of the front lever 7 is rotatably connected to the free end of the rear lever 5 through a common axis 9, which is movable in the space under the barrel 3 and the slide 4. On either side at the end of the common axis 9 are provided grippers 91 to be gripped by the shooter's fingers when pulling the slide 4. In the illustrated embodiment, on the rear axis 6 of the rear lever 5 is arranged a retractable spring 10 of the slide 4 which has two arms, whereby the front arm leans against the bottom of the rear lever 5 and the rear arm leans against the frame 1 of the weapon. The arms of the retractable spring 10 between the frame 1 and the rear lever 5 exert a force in the direction of the levers 7, 5 moving away from each other, that is, in the direction of increasing the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5. The strength of the retractable spring 10 maintains the slide 4 in the front position, acting on the common axis 9 in the direction towards the barrel 3.
In the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and 2, the common axis 9 is situated on a line connecting the axis of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the axis
8 of rotation of the front lever 7. This line has been previously mentioned to be non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel or to the direction of the slide 4 movement.
In an embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and 4, the common axis 9 is arranged with respect to the barrel 3 and the slide 4 below an imaginary line connecting the front axis 8 and the rear axis 6. The angle between the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7, directed to the barrel 3 will be hereinafter referred to as the internal angle between these levers 5 and 7.
In an alternative unillustrated embodiment, the retractable spring 10 may be mounted between the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7, with the arms of the spring leaning against the levers the direction of the levers moving away from each other, that is, in the direction of increasing the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5.
In another alternative unillustrated embodiment, the retractable spring 10 is arranged on the barrel 3, which acts as a guide for it, whereby the retractable spring leans by one end against the frame 1 and by the other end against the front part of the slide 4.
In yet another alternative unillustrated embodiment, the retractable spring is disposed under the barrel 3 on a separate guide, which is parallel to the barrel 3 and leans by one end against the frame 1 and by the other end against the front part of the slide 4. Depending on the construction of the weapon, there are also other suitable positions of the arrangement of the retractable spring 10, whose strength always acts on the slide 4 in the direction towards its frontmost position.
In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the front axis 8 of the front lever 7 is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel, but the structural arrangement is opposite to that of Figs. 3 and 4, which means that the distance of the front axis 8 of rotation of the front lever 7 from the barrel 3 is greater than the distance of the rear axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5. In addition, the common axis 9 of the pair of levers 5, 7 lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes 6, 8 of rotation of the pair of levers 5, 7.
To load a pistol, it is necessary, while holding the pistol by the grip 2 with one hand, to grasp grippers 91 with two fingers of the other hand, the grippers 91 being arranged on a common axis 9 and being formed in the illustrated embodiment by knurled knobs, and pull them vigorously downwards and backwards towards the stop and then let go. Simultaneously, the rear lever 5 turns anticlockwise on the rear axis 6 and through the common axis 9 pulls the front lever 7 downwards and backwards, which, turning on the front axis 8 connected to the front lower part of the slide 4, pulls the slide 4 backwards. The slide 4 reaches its rearmost position. At the same time, the retractable spring 10 is compressed. After releasing the grippers, the levers 5 and 7 start to move vigorously away from each other due to the action of the retractable spring 10. The rear lever 5 rotates around the rear axis 6 arranged in the front part of the rigid frame 1 , whereby the common axis 9 returns to its initial position and moves towards the barrel 3. As a result, also the front lever 7 returns to its initial position and pushes the slide 4 forwards by the pressure through the front axis 8 to its front lower part. During the movement forwards, the slide 4 pulls the top cartridge from a magazine in a known manner and feeds it to a cartridge chamber of the barrel 3 of the pistol to perform a shot. Once the slide 4 has reached its frontmost position, it closes the barrel 3 channel by the cartridge case of the cartridge. The system of levers 5 and 7 expands forwards from the rear axis 6 in the front part of the frame 1 to the front axis 8 in the front lower part of the slide 4, and in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, it forms by its shape a straight line, and in the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, it forms by its shape a broken line having an internal angle less than 180 °. Thus, the slide 4 is blocked before the shot. In this position the pistol is loaded and ready to shoot.
During the firing process, the bullet moves under the pressure of the powder gases through the barrel 3 channel. Simultaneously, the powder gases push on the slide 4 through the ends of the cartridge casing, pass it the energy of the recoil movement and try to move it backwards. The slide 4 by the front lower part passes the pressure of the powder gases to the front lever 7, through the common axis 9 to the rear lever 5 and through the rear lever 5 and the rear axis 6 to the front wall of the rigid frame 1 of the pistol. The energy of the recoil movement being passed tries to reduce the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5, bring the front axis 8 and the rear axis 6 closer to each other, move the common axis 9 down and compress the retractable spring 10. Several forces resist the force of the recoil movement, which do not allow to move the slide 4 backwards in the initial phase of the shot: the inertia force of the slide 4 itself, the elastic force of the retractable spring 10 of the slide 4, the elastic force of the material of the levers 5 and 7 and their axes 6, 8 and 9 and the frictional force in the axes 6, 8 and 9.
During the movement of the bullet through the barrel 3 channel, the slide
4 obtains enough energy of the powder gases for overcoming the resistance of the above-mentioned forces which maintain the slide 4 in the frontmost position. As a result, after the ejection of the bullet out of the barrel 3 channel, the slide 4 pushes the common axis 9 of the levers 5 and 7 down and begins to move backwards, whereby it makes the levers 5 and 7 move towards by reducing the internal angle between them and compresses the retractable spring 10. During the movement backwards the slide 4 pulls the used cartridge case in a known manner from the cartridge chamber of the barrel 3, whereupon the used cartridge is propelled out by an unillustrated ejector. Once the slide 4 has reached its rear position and strikes the stops on the rigid frame 1 , the slide 4 begins due to the action of the retractable spring 10 move forwards and feeds the next cartridge from the magazine to the cartridge chamber of the barrel 3 to perform the next shot. Once the slide 4 has reached its frontmost position, it closes the barrel 3 channel by means of the cartridge case. The system of levers 5 and 7 expands forwards from the rear axis 6 in the front part of the rigid frame 1 to the front axis 8 in the front lower part of the slide 4 and in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, it forms by its shape a straight line, and in the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, it forms by its shape a broken line having an internal angle less than 180 °, thus blocking the slide before the shot. The pistol is ready for the next shot.
In this manner, the invention provides, as compared with the closest background art, the possibility of shooting high-performance cartridges from a pistol with a stationary barrel fixedly mounted on the frame, while maintaining low weight of the slide and of the whole pistol.
The same locking mechanism of a slide 4 during the shot can be used on machine pistols, automatic shotguns, automatic firearms, self-loading hunting guns and machine guns. At the same time, the main principles of the locking mechanism must be maintained:
- the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7 must be rotatably connected to each other;
- the system of levers 5 and 7 must be located between the movable slide 4 and the rigid frame 1 of the weapon;
- the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the front axis 8 of rotation of the front lever 7 is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel and the distance of the axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 is greater than the distance of the axis 8 of rotation of the front lever 7 from the barrel 3, then the common axis 9 of the rear lever 5 and of the front lever 7 is either situated in the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 and the front axis 8, or it is situated below this line, and, consequently, the levers 5 and 7 form a line, or a broken line with an internal angle against the barrel 3 less than 180 °, and a corresponding external angle more than 180 °;
- or the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the front axis 8 of rotation of the front lever 7 is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 channel, but the distance of the axis 6 of rotation of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 is shorter than the distance of the axis 8 of rotation of the front lever 7 from the barrel 3, then the common axis 9 of the rear lever 5 and of the front lever 7 is situated below the line interlaid by the rear axis 6 and the front axis 8, and so the levers 5 and 7 form a broken line with an internal angle against the barrel 3 less than 180 ° and a corresponding external angle more than 180 °.
Exact values of the angles are determined according to the performance of the cartridge and the construction of a specific embodiment of the weapon.
Industrial applicability
The invention is intended for weapons with a stationary barrel mounted fixedly in a frame for shooting high-performance cartridges.
List of references
1 frame
2 grip
3 barrel
4 slide
5 rear lever
6 rear axis
7 front lever 8 front axis
9 common axis
10 retractable spring

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. A locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon with a stationary barrel (3) mounted fixedly in a frame (1 ) of a weapon, on which a slide (4) is mounted displaceably for forward and backward movement, the slide (4) being coupled to a retractable spring (10) acting on the slide (4) in a direction towards its frontmost position, whereby between the movable slide (4) and the stationary barrel (1 ) of the weapon, below the barrel (3), is arranged a pair of levers (5, 7) consisting of a rear lever (5) rotatably mounted around the rear axis (6) on the frame (1 ) and of a front lever (7) rotatably mounted around the front axis (8) on the slide (4), whereby the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7) are connected to each other by a common axis (9), characterized in that the line interlaid by the rear axis (6) of rotation of the rear lever (5) and by the front axis (8) of rotation of the front lever (7) is non-parallel to the axis of the barrel (3) channel.
2. The mechanism according to claim 1 , characterized in that the distance of the axis (6) of rotation of the rear lever (5) from the barrel (3) is greater than the distance of the axis (8) of rotation of the front lever (7) from the barrel (3).
3. The mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the line connecting the axis (6) of rotation of the rear lever (5) on the frame (1 ) of the weapon and the axis (8) of rotation of the front lever (7) on the slide (4) is the line on which the common axis (9) of the pair of levers (5, 7) is situated.
4. The mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, the common axis (9) of the pair of levers (5, 7) lies below the line interlaid by the extreme axes (6, 8) of rotation of the pair of levers (5, 7).
5. The mechanism according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a retractable spring (10) of the slide is mounted between the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7) and consists of two arms, whereby the rear arm leans against the top of the rear lever (5) and the front arm leans against the top of the front lever (7).
6. The mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the retractable spring (10) is arranged on the common axis (9) of the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7).
7. The mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the retractable spring (10) is arranged between the rear lever (5) and the front part of the frame (1 ) of the weapon.
8. The mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the retractable spring (10), which is coupled to the pair of levers (5, 7), is arranged on the barrel (3), which acts for it as a guide, whereby the retractable spring (10) leans by one end against the frame (1 ) and by the other end against the front part of the slide (4).
9. The mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the retractable spring (10), which is coupled to the pair of levers (5, 7), is mounted under the barrel (3) on a separate guide, which is parallel to the barrel (3) whereby the retractable spring (10) leans by one end against the frame (1 ) and by the other end against the front part of the slide (4).
10. The mechanism according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that grippers are provided on either side of the common axis (9) of the rear lever (5) and of the front lever (7) to be gripped by the shooter's fingers when while pulling the slide (4).
PCT/IB2019/051843 2018-03-08 2019-03-07 Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon WO2019171315A1 (en)

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CZPV2018-110 2018-03-08
CZ2018-110A CZ307786B6 (en) 2018-03-08 2018-03-08 Arms locking mechanism

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191323651A (en) * 1912-11-09 1914-06-25 Venancio Lopez De Ceba Aguirre Improvements in Automatic Pistols.
GB127642A (en) 1916-03-20 1919-06-12 Ets Delaunay Belleville Sa Improvements in or relating to Small Arms.
CZ30347U1 (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-02-07 Viktor Shamrai A mechanism of locking a gun breech
WO2017077412A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Shamrai Viktor Self-loading pistol with selective slide lock delaying the opening movement during firing but facilitating manual cocking

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR782928A (en) * 1933-03-18 1935-07-05 Automatic firearm
SU67853A1 (en) * 1946-01-24 1946-11-30 Б.А. Горонескуль Samozar bottom gun
US3039366A (en) * 1959-12-14 1962-06-19 Elmer R Imthurn Target pistol with breech bolt locking mechanism
US3645165A (en) * 1970-10-20 1972-02-29 Us Army Firing mechanism for a machinegun
US20080000128A1 (en) * 2006-02-07 2008-01-03 Newman Cory J Totable, spring-biased, toggle-action firearm

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191323651A (en) * 1912-11-09 1914-06-25 Venancio Lopez De Ceba Aguirre Improvements in Automatic Pistols.
GB127642A (en) 1916-03-20 1919-06-12 Ets Delaunay Belleville Sa Improvements in or relating to Small Arms.
WO2017077412A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Shamrai Viktor Self-loading pistol with selective slide lock delaying the opening movement during firing but facilitating manual cocking
CZ30347U1 (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-02-07 Viktor Shamrai A mechanism of locking a gun breech

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CZ307786B6 (en) 2019-05-02

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