WO2019170870A1 - Injektionsdüse, mischkopf enthaltend eine solche düse, sowie vorrichtung und verfahren zur regelung des austragsdrucks eines materials beim austritt aus einer düse - Google Patents
Injektionsdüse, mischkopf enthaltend eine solche düse, sowie vorrichtung und verfahren zur regelung des austragsdrucks eines materials beim austritt aus einer düse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019170870A1 WO2019170870A1 PCT/EP2019/055868 EP2019055868W WO2019170870A1 WO 2019170870 A1 WO2019170870 A1 WO 2019170870A1 EP 2019055868 W EP2019055868 W EP 2019055868W WO 2019170870 A1 WO2019170870 A1 WO 2019170870A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- pressure
- piston
- chamber
- control
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
- B29B7/94—Liquid charges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/7457—Mixing heads without moving stirrer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
- B29B7/7615—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head characterised by arrangements for controlling, measuring or regulating, e.g. for feeding or proportioning the components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
- B29B7/7631—Parts; Accessories
- B29B7/7652—Construction of the discharge orifice, opening or nozzle
- B29B7/7657—Adjustable discharge orifices, openings or nozzle openings, e.g. for controlling the rate of dispensing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
- F16K37/0025—Electrical or magnetic means
- F16K37/0041—Electrical or magnetic means for measuring valve parameters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a nozzle, in particular an injection nozzle for
- Polyurethane foam application finds. Typically, two material components are injected under high pressure through opposing nozzles against each other in a mixing chamber. By utilizing the kinetic energy or the pulses of the jets from the nozzles, a reaction mixture is generated. The reaction mass is then filled to produce a component for curing in a molding tool.
- the counter-injection method is used for the production of molded parts made of polyurethane, for example for the automotive industry, insulating layers for refrigerators or insulating panels for refrigerated vehicles. Suitable injection nozzles, mixing heads and
- a compression spring is provided as a flexible control element, wherein the space in which moves the flexible control is hydraulically sealed against a material space.
- the control pressure should be reduced in relation to the material pressure.
- WO 2014/009172 A1 describes a component feed nozzle with a pressure chamber which is equipped with a hydraulic system or a pneumatic system with pressure
- the pressure chamber is sealed by a membrane seal against a component space in order to respond to changes in the amount of components more accurately.
- the present invention has the object to provide a nozzle, a mixing head, as well as an apparatus and a method for mixing liquid material components to achieve an improved component quality.
- a consistently good mixing of the materials should be ensured for shot-to-shot different components, or component properties, and more particularly during a shot.
- a nozzle is to be created, which is as flexible as possible.
- a nozzle according to claim 1 a mixing head according to claim 11, as well as by an apparatus and a method for controlling the discharge pressure of a material at the exit from a nozzle according to claim 12 or 13.
- the object is achieved by a nozzle, in particular
- Injection nozzle preferably for countercurrent injection of a liquid material for mixing with further components, comprising:
- a nozzle housing having at least one inlet opening for supplying a liquid material and a nozzle outlet for discharging the material
- the nozzle housing having a piston space extending along a longitudinal axis of the nozzle housing;
- a nozzle piston which is axially displaceably mounted in the piston chamber along the longitudinal axis and a material chamber and a
- a nozzle needle which is connected to the nozzle piston and with the
- Nozzle outlet forms a variable nozzle opening
- control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber preferably hydraulically, is adjustable to control a discharge pressure of the material as it leaves the nozzle opening.
- the invention is based on the idea to regulate the outlet pressure of the material at the exit from the nozzle so that it on the one hand during a shot is kept constant and on the other hand from shot to shot to a desired (constant) discharge pressure is adjustable.
- the discharge pressure is kept as constant as possible over the entire duration of a shot as possible. This achieves homogeneous mixing of the various materials within a component and in each case for different components.
- the mixing of the materials from oppositely directed nozzles depends on the impulses of the colliding material jets, which depend inter alia on their mass flows and discharge rates.
- the discharge rate in turn depends on the discharge pressure.
- Liquid materials in the sense of the invention may in particular be liquid plastics or resins which are preferably used for the production of a
- a liquid material is a diol or a polyol or a
- Diisocyanate or a polyisocyanate Diisocyanate or a polyisocyanate.
- the pressurized fluid is in particular a
- Hydraulic fluid such. As water or oil.
- the nozzle housing can be constructed in several parts, in particular rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis.
- the piston chamber is preferably formed in the interior of the nozzle housing, preferably has a circular cylindrical basic shape and is preferably by one or more peripheral inner surface / s of the
- Nozzle housing limited in the radial direction.
- the nozzle piston can be constructed in one or more parts.
- the nozzle needle may be integrally formed with the nozzle piston, or attached thereto.
- the material surface and the pressure fluid surface can, in particular in a
- Projection in the direction of the longitudinal axis be the same size or different sizes, in particular substantially the same size.
- the nozzle piston is in particular between a front end position in which the nozzle opening is closed, and a rear end position in which the
- Nozzle opening is opened to the maximum, back and forth, preferably continuously, displaceable.
- the front and rear end positions define the maximum stroke of the nozzle piston. In the front end position is the
- Nozzle needle in particular on a, preferably metallic, sealing seat.
- a rear stop surface in particular on a rear wall of the pressure fluid chamber.
- the size of the nozzle opening is in particular by a shift of
- Düsenkolbens variably adjustable in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- the nozzle outlet cooperates with the nozzle journal in such a way that, in an opened state of the nozzle, a nozzle opening in the form of an annular gap is formed.
- the circumferential gap extends in particular in the direction of the longitudinal axis between the nozzle housing and the nozzle piston, wherein the circumferential gap with a displacement of the nozzle piston relative to the nozzle housing
- the circumferential gap is in particular in the form of a hollow cylinder, or a plurality of stepped hollow cylinder segments
- the sealing device seals the material chamber in particular against the
- the sealing device is designed such that no pressure fluid from the pressure fluid chamber into the material chamber or no material from the material chamber into the pressure fluid chamber through the
- the sealing device can be stored or accommodated in the nozzle housing or in the nozzle piston, alternatively also divided into two partially in the nozzle housing and in the nozzle piston. In particular, the sealing device acts as a sliding seal. When shifting the
- Nozzle piston slides the sealing device in particular along a circumferential inner surface of the nozzle housing or along a peripheral outer surface of the nozzle piston.
- the control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber is in particular hydraulic
- electro-hydraulically adjustable or adaptable for example by an electrically or electronically controllable valve, preferably
- Proportional valve which causes a regulated inflow or outflow of pressurized fluid in the pressure fluid chamber.
- an axial position of the nozzle piston corresponding to the pressure difference between the material pressure and the control pressure sets.
- the nozzle piston can be displaced in such a manner by regulated setting of a control pressure deviating from the material pressure such that the discharge pressure can be regulated via the correspondingly adjusting nozzle opening.
- a material pressure measured, for example in the material chamber or a supply line corresponds at least to a good approximation to the discharge pressure of the material when it leaves the nozzle opening.
- the pressure fluid chamber is preferably ventable.
- a nozzle according to the invention has the advantage that the discharge pressure can be regulated to an at least approximately constant value.
- the nozzle is
- the discharge pressure can be kept constant during a shot of the nozzle and optionally be specified varying from shot to shot of the nozzle. It is also conceivable to specify a specific pressure curve of the discharge pressure during a shot. Fluctuations in the material parameters or mass flow can be compensated during a shot through the nozzle.
- the nozzle of the invention is fast, especially at high
- Control frequency and low delay, adjustable, reducing the discharge pressure is more precisely adjustable or readjustable. Constant discharge pressure results in a more homogeneous mixing of the materials, which improves component quality.
- the nozzle can be opened and closed quickly, making it particularly suitable for short-duration shots or fast successive shots.
- a preferably hydraulic control based on the setting of a control pressure of the pressure fluid has the advantage that a large maximum stroke of the nozzle piston can be realized. In particular, only small
- Pressure fluid volumes are moved to achieve a certain stroke of the nozzle piston. This allows very different sizes with the same nozzle
- Mass flows of a material are discharged.
- the mass flow from shot to shot can be varied over a wide range.
- a nozzle according to the invention is very flexible, in particular for various components, component properties and / or partsstagende materials used.
- the nozzle piston forms a receptacle for the sealing device, wherein the
- Sealing device in particular comprises a seal holder ring having circumferential recesses for receiving sealing elements.
- the inclusion of the nozzle piston for the sealing device is designed in particular as a shaft shoulder of the nozzle piston, in particular a
- Seal retainer ring is pushed on, preferably from behind.
- Circumference recesses of the seal retainer ring are preferably recesses along the outer peripheral edges of the
- Circumferential recesses for receiving sealing elements may be provided in an outer peripheral surface of the seal holder ring.
- the nozzle piston has a circumferential radial projection.
- a front side of the radial projection at least partially forms the
- the rear side of the radial projection preferably forms a stop surface for the axial mounting of the sealing device or of the seal holder ring.
- Sealing device or the seal holder ring, for example, is formed by a piston cover.
- a piston cover can z. B. be clamped by a screw with the nozzle piston, wherein the, preferably ground,
- a sealing device accommodated in the nozzle piston has the advantage that the piston chamber can be easily produced, for example with a bore in the nozzle housing from the rear, while the nozzle piston can be pre-assembled with the sealing device.
- the sealing device comprises first and second sealing elements, which are designed in particular as sealing rings, preferably with a circumferential groove.
- the sealing elements are arranged axially spaced from each other, wherein preferably exactly two sealing elements are provided, for. B. a front and a rear sealing element.
- the sealing elements run
- the sealing elements are designed as sliding seals, which can slide in particular along a circumferential inner surface of the nozzle housing in the axial direction.
- the sealing elements are in particular preassembled on the seal holder ring,
- Sealing elements Preferably from the front or rear of the seal holder ring can be placed or pushed.
- Sealing elements preferably have a lateral circumferential groove, wherein preferably the circumferential groove of the first (front) sealing element in the direction of the material surface and the circumferential groove of the second (rear) sealing element in the direction of the pressure fluid surface
- sealing elements or sealing rings can a variety of different profiles, eg. As a C-profile or other hollow profiles, too
- a circumferential groove is in particular formed in such a manner in the sealing element, for.
- a pressurized fluid such as the material or the hydraulic fluid in the radial direction.
- Sealing elements have the advantage that the circumferential gap is more reliable sealable.
- the first and / or second sealing elements comprise PTFE, preferably a PTFE compound.
- PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
- a PTFE compound or Compound (plastic) based on PTFE, can be mixed with different
- the material composition of the sealing elements is preferably matched to the surface structure, in particular the ground pattern, the sliding surface or a peripheral inner surface of the nozzle housing.
- Sealing elements and the sliding surface of the nozzle housing may form a sealing lubricant film.
- the first and / or second sealing elements, at least along their outer periphery have a PTFE coating. Sealing elements made of or with PTFE have the advantage that the circumferential gap can be reliably and friction-sealed as far as possible. For a nozzle according to the invention thereby high stroke velocities of the nozzle piston and a high
- the dynamic behavior of the nozzle is improved insofar as in particular no stick-Sl ip effect occurs when a displacement of the nozzle piston and it significantly less delays in
- At least one connecting channel between the material chamber and a circumferential recess and / or at least one connecting channel between the pressure fluid chamber and a peripheral recess is formed by the material surface.
- a connecting channel is in particular as a passage opening in the nozzle piston, preferably in a radial projection of the
- 4 to 16, preferably 6 to 12, particularly preferably 8, bores are evenly distributed over the circumference.
- the connection channels establish a fluid connection between a circumferential recess and the material chamber or the pressure fluid chamber, so that the material or pressure fluid under pressure is pressed against the material by filling the sealing element
- Sliding surface of the nozzle housing, and optionally also to an outer surface of the seal holder ring, can cause.
- axial connecting grooves preferably evenly distributed over the circumference, are formed in an outer circumferential surface of the nozzle piston.
- connecting channels have the advantage that the material or the pressure fluid does not first have to penetrate into the circumferential gap. The dynamic behavior of the nozzle is improved in this way.
- startup times of the nozzle can be shortened and the control frequency can be increased.
- Nozzle housing provided a monitoring opening, to which preferably a pressure sensor is connectable to monitor the pressure in a piston space between the first and second sealing elements.
- a piston clearance is defined in particular between a first (front) and a second (rear) sealing element and can be understood as a (time-shifting) section of the circumferential gap.
- a monitoring opening is preferably as a (radial) bore in
- Nozzle housing executed and preferably opens into the piston gap.
- Several monitoring openings preferably (evenly) distributed over the circumference, can be provided. Through a monitoring opening, an unforeseen ingress of liquid material or pressure fluid can be monitored in the piston gap.
- a pressure change in the piston gap can be detected, which may in particular indicate a defect of one of the sealing elements.
- the piston gap can in particular with a
- Reference pressure level can be applied, which is monitored by the monitoring port.
- a reference pressure level may be selected independently of the material pressure and / or control pressure.
- Piston gap in particular, the penetration of pressurized fluid into the material chamber can be detected in good time.
- Nozzle housing a collecting groove is formed, which opens into the piston space between the first and second sealing elements and is preferably connected to the monitoring opening.
- Piston gap over the entire circumference, in particular by a single pressure sensor monitored.
- a maximum stroke speed of the nozzle piston during operation of the nozzle is between 1 m / s and 15 m / s, preferably between 5 m / s and 10 m / s, more preferably between 6 m / s and 9 m / s, more preferably about 8 m / s.
- the maximum stroke of the nozzle piston is more than 1.0 mm, preferably more than 1.5 mm, more preferably more than 2.0 mm, more preferably more than 2.5 mm, more preferably more than 3.0 mm.
- maximum stroke of the nozzle piston corresponds to the free distance between a rear abutment surface of the nozzle piston and a stop surface, for. B.
- the pressure fluid chamber In a preferred embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention, the maximum stroke is approximately 1.7 mm.
- a large maximum stroke can be achieved, since only small volumes of liquid must be moved.
- the nozzle can therefore be used flexibly for different mass flows.
- the nozzle needle has a nozzle journal which forms an annular gap with the nozzle outlet, wherein the nozzle journal preferably has a diameter between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm, for example 1, 0 mm, 2.0 mm, 3.5 mm or 4.0 mm.
- the nozzle pin preferably has a length between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, more preferably between 0.7 mm and 1.5 mm, for example of about 1.0 mm.
- the nozzle plug with the nozzle outlet in the closed state of the nozzle forms an annular gap with a constant cross-section, z. B. over a length of about 0.5 mm of the nozzle pin.
- the nozzle opening initially remains unchanged in the start-up phase after opening of the nozzle in order to improve the unsteady start-up behavior of the nozzle.
- a nozzle pin can cause the flow in the region of the nozzle opening remains laminar.
- a ring beam of the material preferably also regardless of the degree of opening of the nozzle can be achieved.
- a mixing head in particular for countercurrent injection mixing of liquid materials, comprising a mixing chamber and at least two nozzles directed against each other, in particular injection nozzles, wherein in particular at least two groups of at least two nozzles directed towards each other, in particular two pairs of themselves opposite nozzles are provided, and preferably a post-mixing chamber is arranged between the groups, characterized in that at least one of the nozzles is formed according to the invention.
- An inventive mixing head is preferably formed as a Umlenkmischkopf, wherein the discharged from the nozzle material in a
- the mixing head may comprise different nozzles, in particular at least two different nozzles according to the invention, which may be different for example
- Mass flow ranges are designed.
- different mass flows of different materials in particular with different density, can be discharged for mixing.
- the materials in particular with different density
- Discharge pressures of the nozzles of the mixing head each adjustable to a different value.
- individual nozzles of the mixing head can be closed, while other nozzles of the mixing head are in operation.
- all nozzles of the mixing head can be opened and / or closed at the same time.
- no separate closure unit is required, in particular no shut-off valves for the material pressure.
- An inventive mixing head has the advantage that the discharge pressure of each nozzle can be adjusted separately and kept as constant as possible. Such a mixing head is easy for different mass flow conditions
- the mass flow ratio between two nozzles or between two successive shots of a nozzle may be in the range of 1: 1 to 1: 5 or the corresponding reciprocals.
- a dischargeable mass flow may be between 500 g / s and 2500 g / s.
- the mixing point can be kept the same both during a shot and from shot to shot, preferably in the middle between the nozzles. The component quality is thereby improved.
- An inventive mixing head can be used flexibly.
- the object mentioned is furthermore achieved, in particular, by a device for regulating the discharge pressure of a material as it exits a nozzle, in particular an injection nozzle, preferably for countercurrent injection of a liquid material for mixing with further components, comprising:
- At least one nozzle in particular a nozzle according to the invention,
- a metering pump connected to the nozzle via a supply line to supply the nozzle with a liquid material
- a pressurized fluid reservoir which via a pressure fluid line to the nozzle
- a valve in particular proportional valve, for the division of a control pressure of the pressure fluid in a pressure fluid chamber of the nozzle;
- a pressure sensor for detecting a material pressure of the material
- control unit which is designed based on a
- a device forms a control loop, wherein the discharge pressure of the material when leaving the nozzle opening is preferably the controlled variable, and a predetermined target discharge pressure is preferably the reference variable.
- the control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber can be understood as a manipulated variable. It can be assumed that the detected
- Material pressure corresponds at least in good approximation to the discharge pressure of the material at the exit from the nozzle opening. That way is the
- Control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber based on a pressure deviation between the detected material pressure and the predetermined target discharge pressure, preferably in accordance with a by the control unit
- control adjustable so that the discharge pressure of the material is controlled to the predetermined target discharge pressure.
- the control unit comprises in particular a computing unit, such as a
- Microprocessor or a CPU is in particular adapted to a pressure deviation (pressure difference) between a given, in particular stored in a storage unit, target discharge pressure and a
- control unit is in particular designed on the basis of the calculated pressure deviation
- the pressure sensor for detecting the material pressure may, for. B. in the material chamber, on a
- a pressure sensor for detecting the control pressure may be provided, for example in the pressure fluid line.
- the device according to the invention comprises a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the
- the material pressure can be controlled in particular via the metering pump.
- the material supplied to the nozzle can circulate through the supply and return lines, preferably via a peripheral channel formed in the material chamber.
- the return line are preferably closable,
- the inlet pressure which is preferably provided to the valve from the pressure fluid reservoir, is preferably between 200 bar and 300 bar, more preferably between 220 bar and 280 bar, more preferably between 240 bar and 260 bar, particularly preferably about 250 bar.
- a proportional valve for adjusting the control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber is provided which adjusts a pressure change of the control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber in proportion to the pressure deviation.
- the proportional valve can be actuated in particular by a proportional solenoid.
- the control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber is preferably between 50 bar and 200 bar, more preferably between 80 bar and 170 bar, more preferably between 100 bar and 150 bar, for example, about 125 bar.
- the material pressure is preferably approximately in the range of the control pressure when the material is discharged.
- a device according to the invention is based in particular on the same
- inventive nozzle and a mixing head according to the invention are described.
- a device can be used flexibly and can improve the component quality.
- the above object is further achieved in particular by a method for controlling the discharge pressure of a material at the exit from a nozzle, in particular injection nozzle, preferably for countercurrent injection mixture, in particular from a nozzle according to the invention, wherein a displaceably mounted nozzle piston of the nozzle, a material chamber and a
- Pressure fluid chamber separates from each other and a material surface of the nozzle piston with a material pressure of the material and a pressure fluid surface with a
- Regulating pressure of a pressurized fluid can be acted upon, the method comprising the following steps:
- a valve in particular a proportional valve, based on the pressure deviation, preferably at least once during a shot of the nozzle.
- the pressure deviation is calculated by the control unit, which preferably generates a control command for actuating the valve.
- the control command is in particular transmitted to a controller of the valve.
- the proportional valve is actuated based on the control command, in particular continuously adjusted.
- the control pressure may be adjusted by supplying or discharging a pressurized fluid volume into and out of the pressurized fluid chamber.
- the control pressure is increased or when the material pressure is higher than the target discharge pressure, the control pressure is reduced.
- the target discharge pressure can be changed from one shot to the next shot of the nozzle, in particular re-stored.
- the inventive method comprises in particular a step of
- the pressure level for example a reference pressure level
- a pressure sensor for example, it can be checked by means of a monitoring opening, whether liquid material and / or pressure fluid has penetrated into the piston gap.
- the method has similar advantages as already described in connection with the nozzle, the mixing head and the device according to the invention and can implement some or all of the procedural features, which in the
- the mixing head or the device Associated with the nozzle, the mixing head or the device are described.
- control pressure is set at least 100 times per second, more preferably at least 250 times per second, more preferably at least 500 times per second, more preferably at least 750 times per second, more preferably about 1000 times per second.
- control pressure is adjusted during a shot of the nozzle with corresponding control frequencies, preferably by the proportional valve is controlled or adjusted in such a frequency.
- Opening the nozzle by setting a control pressure which is less than the material pressure, and / or
- Injecting the material by adjusting a control pressure that is at least substantially equal to the material pressure.
- a nozzle according to the invention is suitable for optionally carrying out all these method steps.
- a nozzle according to the invention are operated in three different operating modes, in particular in a shutter mode, an opening mode and a discharge mode.
- a discharge mode injection mode
- the nozzle discharges or injects material at a controlled discharge pressure.
- a control pressure in the pressure fluid chamber is set, which exceeds the material pressure by up to 50 bar, preferably by up to 30 bar, more preferably by up to 20 bar, more preferably by up to 10 bar, for example by about 5 bar , A sufficient overpressure ensures that the nozzle remains securely closed even in the event of fluctuations in the material pressure.
- the control pressure is lowered to a lower than the material pressure, preferably until the nozzle has reached a desired opening degree.
- a permanently lower control pressure can be set.
- the nozzle piston shifts according to the pressure difference between the material pressure and the control pressure until an equilibrium has been established between the material chamber and the pressure fluid chamber, in particular until over the material surface (and the projected surface of the nozzle needle on which the material pressure acts) and the Pressure fluid surface a resulting
- Nozzle piston its axial position and the nozzle opening does not change.
- the discharge pressure is maintained at a constant value, which preferably corresponds to the target discharge pressure, wherein the
- Discharge pressure and the material pressure are the same size and preferably form a balance of power with the control pressure, wherein the control pressure is preferably at least substantially equal to the material pressure.
- Figure 1A is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
- Figure 1B is a schematic representation of the nozzle according to the invention
- Figure 1A in a rear view
- Figure IC is a schematic representation of the nozzle according to the invention of Figure 1A in a sectional view taken along the line AA;
- Figure ID is a detail view of the dashed area C in Figure IC;
- Figure IE is a detail view of the front portion B of the nozzle in Figure IC;
- Figure 2 is a detail view of another embodiment of a
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of
- Figures 1A to IE show an embodiment of a nozzle 10 according to the invention, in particular for the injection of a liquid material for
- the nozzle 10 is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis L and comprises a nozzle housing 20 and a nozzle block 50, which
- Fixing means 51 designed here as screws, for example, with a mixing head according to the invention (not shown) is connectable.
- Nozzle housing 20 is screwed into a recess 52 of the nozzle block 50.
- the nozzle block 50 has a pressure fluid port 54 and a vent port 55 at the rear side, which are connected to a pressure fluid inlet 28 and a vent port 29, respectively, of the pressure fluid chamber 25.
- the venting of the pressure fluid chamber 25 may be provided for example by a pneumatic ball valve or a vent needle.
- the nozzle housing 20 has inlet openings 26 and return openings 27, which are designed as 8 star-shaped evenly distributed over the circumference of holes, and for connecting a supply line 6a and a
- Return line 6b are provided.
- the assignment of the function of a bore as an inlet opening 26 or return openings 27 results from Mounting orientation of the nozzle 10.
- Paired circumferential seals 30 and 36 are used for sealing.
- the nozzle housing 20 has on the front side a nozzle outlet 22 for discharging a liquid material.
- the nozzle housing 20 has a piston chamber 23 with a circular cylindrical basic shape, in which a nozzle body 60 is mounted axially displaceably along the longitudinal axis L in a guide section 35 of the nozzle housing 20.
- the nozzle piston 60 is designed in one piece with a nozzle needle 40, which forms a circular-cylindrical nozzle journal 41 on the front side. Between the nozzle journal 41 and the nozzle outlet 22, a nozzle opening 42 in the form of an annular gap is formed.
- a piston cover 64 is screwed from behind with a screw 65 on the nozzle piston 60.
- the nozzle piston 60 is reciprocable between a front end position where the nozzle needle 40 abuts against a metal sealing seat 34 and a rear end position where the ground surface of the screw 65 abuts against the rear wall of the pressure fluid chamber 25 as a back stop ,
- End positions define the maximum stroke of the nozzle piston 60.
- Rear wall of the pressure fluid chamber 25 is formed here by the nozzle block 50.
- the nozzle piston 60 separates in the piston chamber 23 into a material chamber 24 and a pressure fluid chamber 25 from each other. Via a seal 53, designed as an O-ring, the pressure fluid chamber 25 is sealed to the outside. Between the nozzle housing 20, in particular its circumferential inner surface 84, and the nozzle body 60, a narrow circumferential gap 83 is formed, which is sealed by the sealing device 70.
- the material chamber 24 is connected to the inlet openings 26 and return openings 27 via material passages 32 and material channels 31, here in each case as bores.
- a peripheral channel 33 is formed, through which the material can circulate in the closed state of the nozzle 10. In an operating state of the nozzle 10, the material chamber 24 with a
- the material surface 61 is in a projection in the direction of Longitudinal axis L smaller than the pressure fluid surface 62, wherein the material pressure PM also acts on the surface of the nozzle needle 40.
- the nozzle piston 60 forms a receptacle 68, which is designed as a shaft shoulder to receive a sealing retainer ring 63 of the sealing device 70.
- a radial projection 69 of the nozzle piston forms a front abutment surface for the sealing device 70, while the piston cover 64 forms a rear abutment surface.
- the seals 73 designed as O-rings, are inserted in circumferential grooves of the nozzle piston 60.
- Seal retaining ring 63 has on both sides circumferential recesses 67a, 67b along the outer circumferential edges of rectangular cross section, into which first and second sealing elements 71a, 71b are inserted.
- Sealing elements 71a, 71b are designed as groove sealing rings. They have a C-shaped cross-section and have lateral circumferential grooves 72a, 72b, which are aligned with connection channels 66a and 66b, respectively.
- Connecting passages 66a and 66b may introduce liquid or pressurized fluid into the circumferential grooves 72a, 72b and expand the seal members in the radial direction.
- the sealing elements 71a, 71b press from the inside on the circumferential inner surface 84, which has a sliding surface for the
- the sealing elements 71a, 71b are made of a PTFE compound, which has good sliding properties.
- a piston gap 80 is formed, which can also be regarded as a section of the circumferential gap 83.
- a circumferentially circumferential collecting groove 82 is formed, into which a plurality of evenly distributed over the circumference, monitoring openings 81 open, which are designed as through holes in the nozzle housing 20. Through these monitoring openings 81 can be monitored whether the
- FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a nozzle 10 according to the invention, which has a nozzle journal 41 and a nozzle outlet 22 with a larger diameter, for example of 3.5 mm, compared to the nozzle 10 in FIG. Otherwise, the nozzle 10 is the same and has the same
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention for regulating the discharge pressure (PA) of a material as it exits a nozzle 10 according to the invention.
- Liquid material is supplied from a component container 7 via a material line to a metering pump 4, which supplies the
- Material chamber 24 supplies.
- a pressure sensor 2 for detecting the material pressure PM is provided in the supply line 6a.
- Via a return line 6b the material, for example in the closed state of the nozzle 10, can circulate back to the component container 7.
- a pressurized fluid reservoir 9 provides a pressurized fluid, in particular a hydraulic fluid, at a pressure of, for example, up to 250 bar at a valve 5.
- the valve 5 is preferably as a
- Proportional valve executed and provides via a pressure fluid line 8 the
- Control pressure PC of the pressurized fluid in the pressure fluid chamber 25 a The pressure in the piston space 80 between two sealing elements of
- Sealing device 70 is via a collecting groove 82 and a
- Pressure sensors 2 and 3 and the valve 5 are signal-conducting with the
- Control unit 1 connected.
- the control unit 1 calculates a
- Pressure deviation (pressure difference) the valve 5 preferably a
- Proportional valve actuated and adjusted according to the pressure deviation. Accordingly, the valve 5 adjusts the control pressure PC in the pressure fluid chamber 25 in proportion to the pressure, in particular hydraulic pressure, provided from the pressure fluid reservoir 9. The nozzle piston 60 shifts the resulting pressure difference between the control pressure PC and the
- Circumferential gap 83 reliably seals.
- the discharge pressure PA of the material at Exit from the nozzle opening 42 is controllable in this way, preferably to a constant value.
- a nozzle 10 according to the invention can in particular in three different
- Opening mode and a discharge mode Opening mode and a discharge mode.
- a control pressure PC is set by operating the valve 5, which is higher than the material pressure PM.
- the nozzle piston 60 moves as a result to the
- Nozzle opening 42 is closed.
- a control pressure PC is set by operating the valve 5, which is lower than the material pressure PM.
- the nozzle needle 40 first releases a constantly large annular gap of the nozzle opening 42 and then increases the nozzle opening 42 increasingly, maximally so far, until the nozzle piston 60 in a second
- the nozzle 10 can discharge a maximum mass flow.
- the nozzle orifice 42 is opened by constant adjustment, i. Readjustment of a control pressure PC with a high control frequency adjusted so that the discharge pressure PA is controlled to a value as constant as possible. It turns
- control pressure PC is at least substantially the same size as the material pressure PM.
- a nozzle 10 according to the invention, a mixing head with such a nozzle 10, and a device 100 according to the invention and a method for controlling the discharge pressure PA have the advantage that the quality of the components produced by countercurrent injection due to a more homogeneous discharge pressure PA of a nozzle 10 Mixing the
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112019001229.0T DE112019001229A5 (de) | 2018-03-09 | 2019-03-08 | lnjektionsdüse, Mischkopf, sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung des Austragsdrucks |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018105447.5A DE102018105447A1 (de) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | Injektionsdüse, Mischkopf, sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung des Austragsdrucks |
DE102018105447.5 | 2018-03-09 |
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WO2019170870A1 true WO2019170870A1 (de) | 2019-09-12 |
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PCT/EP2019/055868 WO2019170870A1 (de) | 2018-03-09 | 2019-03-08 | Injektionsdüse, mischkopf enthaltend eine solche düse, sowie vorrichtung und verfahren zur regelung des austragsdrucks eines materials beim austritt aus einer düse |
Country Status (2)
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DE (2) | DE102018105447A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019170870A1 (de) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3021095A1 (de) * | 1980-06-04 | 1981-12-10 | Maschinenfabrik Hennecke Gmbh, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines massiv- oder schaumstoff bildenden reaktionsgemisches aus mindestens zwei fliessfaehigen reaktionskomponenten |
EP0064209A1 (de) * | 1981-05-02 | 1982-11-10 | Bayer Ag | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines reaktionsfähigen, Massivstoff oder Schaumstoff bildenden Reaktionsgemisches aus zwei fliessfähigen Reaktionskomponenten |
WO1997032705A1 (de) | 1996-03-04 | 1997-09-12 | Polyplan Gmbh Polyurethan-Maschinen | Boxerkopf |
WO2001053056A2 (de) * | 2000-01-20 | 2001-07-26 | Krauss-Maffei Kunststofftechnik Gmbh | Injektionsdüse für mischköpfe von reaktionsgiessmachinen |
DE10020157A1 (de) | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-08 | Hennecke Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Massivstoff oder Schaumstoff bildenden Reaktionsgemisches aus mindestens zwei fließfähigen Reaktionskomponenten und gegebenenfalls Zusatzkomponenten |
EP2023025A2 (de) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-11 | Hennecke GmbH | Konstantdruckdüse und Verfahren zum Vermischen mit derselben |
WO2014009172A1 (de) | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-16 | Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh | Komponentenzufuhrdüse |
-
2018
- 2018-03-09 DE DE102018105447.5A patent/DE102018105447A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-03-08 DE DE112019001229.0T patent/DE112019001229A5/de active Pending
- 2019-03-08 WO PCT/EP2019/055868 patent/WO2019170870A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3021095A1 (de) * | 1980-06-04 | 1981-12-10 | Maschinenfabrik Hennecke Gmbh, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines massiv- oder schaumstoff bildenden reaktionsgemisches aus mindestens zwei fliessfaehigen reaktionskomponenten |
EP0064209A1 (de) * | 1981-05-02 | 1982-11-10 | Bayer Ag | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines reaktionsfähigen, Massivstoff oder Schaumstoff bildenden Reaktionsgemisches aus zwei fliessfähigen Reaktionskomponenten |
WO1997032705A1 (de) | 1996-03-04 | 1997-09-12 | Polyplan Gmbh Polyurethan-Maschinen | Boxerkopf |
WO2001053056A2 (de) * | 2000-01-20 | 2001-07-26 | Krauss-Maffei Kunststofftechnik Gmbh | Injektionsdüse für mischköpfe von reaktionsgiessmachinen |
DE10020157A1 (de) | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-08 | Hennecke Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Massivstoff oder Schaumstoff bildenden Reaktionsgemisches aus mindestens zwei fließfähigen Reaktionskomponenten und gegebenenfalls Zusatzkomponenten |
EP2023025A2 (de) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-11 | Hennecke GmbH | Konstantdruckdüse und Verfahren zum Vermischen mit derselben |
DE102007037780A1 (de) | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-12 | Hennecke Gmbh | Konstantdruckdüse |
WO2014009172A1 (de) | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-16 | Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh | Komponentenzufuhrdüse |
Also Published As
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DE102018105447A1 (de) | 2019-09-12 |
DE112019001229A5 (de) | 2020-12-17 |
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