WO2019168394A1

WO2019168394A1 - Method for protecting building constructions against failure

Info

Publication number: WO2019168394A1
Application number: PCT/MD2019/000001
Authority: WO
Inventors: Александр КОТЛЯРОВ
Original assignee: Александр КОТЛЯРОВ
Priority date: 2018-03-02
Filing date: 2019-02-20
Publication date: 2019-09-06
Also published as: MD1318Z; MD1318Y

Abstract

The invention relates to building, and more particularly to methods for protecting building constructions against damage, and can be used for protecting new and also old buildings against atmospheric effects, thus preventing failure during use. A method for protecting building constructions against failure consists in covering the outer surface of a building construction with a flexible protective material in the form of strips which harden after being adhered to the building construction, said strips being laid transversely to the potential directions of crack formation, preferably horizontally, wherein, on continuous regions of the surface of the building construction, the strips are laid such as to be uniformly offset, and, on regions having openings in the outer wall, the strips are laid around the perimeter of said openings, or the requisite number of strips and the variety of shapes and sizes thereof are first calculated on the basis of an elevation of the surface of the building construction, strips having a width equal to the height of an opening are prepared in a pair of rectangular dies on the basis of the data obtained, then the resulting strips, which have cutouts in the places where each opening is situated, said cutouts having a depth equal to half of the height of the opening, are laid on the regions having openings in the outer wall.

Description

METHOD FOR PROTECTING CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURES FROM DESTRUCTION

The invention relates to the field of protection of building structures from destruction, and can be used for both new and old buildings, protecting them from atmospheric influences, and preventing their destruction during operation.

A known method of repairing the roof of buildings by coating them with roll material, which is used as burlap, fiberglass, which is primed with a polymer resin, for example, epoxy, after which a mixture of this resin with paint is applied [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of its use specifically for the roof, so the method is practically unsuitable for the walls of buildings, since it contains liquid components.

There is also a method of protecting the joint of reinforced concrete elements, in which the joint is filled with sealing mastic, and the waterproofing is made in layers, the individual layers are formed from a cement-latex mixture reinforced with a fabric, for example, chlorine, and separated from each other by interlayers, for example,

plastic wrap [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of its use specifically for sections of building structures, so the method is practically unsuitable for the whole building structure.

The objective of the invention is to provide a method of protecting building structures from destruction, and above all, as separate buildings of the private housing sector with a height of several floors, and modern urban multi-storey buildings.

This problem is solved by the fact that the outer surface of the building structure is covered with a flexible protective material in the form of strips, hardening after

gluing to the building structure, these strips are placed across the possible directions of cracking (most often the stripes are horizontal), and on the surface sections of the building structure where there are no openings in the outer wall, the strips are placed with uniform displacement, and where there are openings in the outer wall they are either pasted over with stripes around the perimeter, or preliminarily, the required number of strips is determined by scanning the surface of the building structure, and their assortment by shape and size (determine the quantity GUSTs openings, their size is measured, and the distance between them), the data obtained is produced first pair of molds for the manufacture of strips, the width in the height of the opening, for which use rectangular shape from a ferromagnetic material and are placed in the insert held in place by the permanent magnets; the geometrical dimensions of the inserts correspond to each opening, halved by a horizontal line, and their location in the form corresponds to the location of the openings on the surface scan of the building structure, and then in these forms strips are made that contain cutouts at the locations of each opening, half the height of the opening; moreover, the strips are made according to the technology: the inorganic binder and / or auxiliary materials are mixed with quartz sand to obtain a homogeneous material, the material is formed with its simultaneous reinforcement with cushioning material, and heat treatment is carried out over the entire volume of the material using a microwave generator, on a frequency indicator which set its value to 2450 MHz, for 20 ... 40 seconds. at a temperature of 20 ... 180 ° C, with simultaneous vacuum evaporation of air, as well as subsequent exposure of the obtained material at a temperature of 25 ... 38 ° C for 20 ... 40 minutes [3].

The specified set of features provides protection of the building structure by pasting its surface with a flexible protective material in the form of strips, hardening after gluing to the building structure, and to reduce the effect of loosening the fastening of the building structure due to the joints between the strips, the strips are arranged with a uniform offset ((these strips are placed across possible directions of cracking (most often the stripes are horizontal)), and in those parts of the surface where there are openings in the outside wall, they are either pasted with stripes around the perimeter, or previously

they make a pair of strips of the corresponding shape, cutouts in which they allow to leave open the locations of the openings (they use rectangular shapes of ferromagnetic material, and they insert inserts held in place by permanent magnets; the geometric dimensions of the inserts correspond to each aperture bisected by a horizontal line, and their place the location in the form corresponds to the location of the openings on the surface scan

building structure), therefore, strips made in these forms provide hardening of the building structure; moreover, the strips are made according to the following technology: inorganic binder and / or auxiliary materials are mixed with quartz sand to obtain a homogeneous material, the formation of the material with its simultaneous reinforcement with cushioning material, and heat treatment, which is carried out over the entire volume of the material using a microwave generator, on the frequency indicator which set its value to 2450 MHz, for 20 ... 40 seconds. at a temperature of 20 ... 180 ° C, with simultaneous vacuum evaporation of air, as well as with subsequent exposure of the resulting material at a temperature of 25 ... 38 ° C for

20 ... 40 min., Which is achieved by solving the problem of the invention.

In FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of strips on a surface section of a building structure where there are no openings in the outer wall.

In FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of strips on a surface section of a building structure where there is a simple-shaped opening in the outer wall.

In FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of strips on a surface section of a building structure where there is an opening of complex shape in the outer wall.

In FIG. 4 shows the location of the inserts in a pair of forms for the manufacture of strips for a surface section of a building structure, where there is an opening of a simple shape in the outer wall.

The list of items in FIG. 1 ... 4:

To FIG. one :

1 - the first lane; 2 - second lane; 3 - third lane; 4 - fourth lane; 5 - fifth strip; 6 - the sixth lane; 7 - the seventh strip; 8 - the eighth strip;

To FIG. 2:

9 - ninth strip; 10 - tenth strip; 11 - the first window opening in the wall; 12 - cut in the ninth strip; 13 - cut in the tenth strip;

To FIG. 3:

14 - eleventh strip; 15 - twelfth strip; 16 - doorway; 17 - the second window opening in the wall; 18 - cut in the eleventh stripes; 19 - cut in the twelfth strip;

To FIG. four: 20 is the first form; 21 - the second form; 9 - the ninth strip; 10 - tenth strip; 12 - cut in the ninth strip; 13 - cut in the tenth strip; 22 - insert in the first form; 23 - insert in the second form; 24 - permanent magnets of the first insert; 25 - permanent magnets of the second insert.

The inventive method is implemented as follows. On a surface scan

of a building structure, simple sections (without openings in the outer wall of the building structure) are noted, as well as complex sections where there are such openings. For the manufacture of strips for simple sections, rectangular shapes from ferromagnetic material are used. The strips are made using the following technology:

inorganic binder and / or auxiliary agents are mixed with quartz sand to obtain a homogeneous material, the formation of the material with its

simultaneous reinforcement with cushioning material, and heat treatment, which is carried out over the entire volume of the material using a microwave generator, on the frequency indicator of which its value is set to 2450 MHz, for 20 ... 40 sec. at a temperature of 20 ... 180 ° C, with simultaneous vacuum evaporation of air, as well as with subsequent exposure of the resulting material at a temperature of 25 ... 38 ° C for 20 ... 40 minutes Stripes are obtained from a flexible protective material hardening after gluing to the surface of a building structure. They are placed on this surface horizontally with an offset - in FIG. 1 shows three rows of stripes - the first row is formed by the first strip 1 and the second strip 2; the second row - the third lane 3, the fourth lane 4, and the fifth lane 5; and the third row - the sixth strip 6, the seventh strip 7, and the eighth strip 8. On the surface of the building structure, these stripes are placed across the possible directions of cracking (most often the stripes are horizontal).

For complex areas where there are openings in the outer wall of the building structure (for example, for windows), they are either glued with stripes around the perimeter, or the required number of stripes is preliminarily determined, and their range of shapes and sizes

(determine the number of openings, measure their size and the distance between them). In FIG. 2 and 3 show two options for complex sections. In FIG. 2 there is a first window opening 11 in the wall, which has a simple rectangular shape. Accordingly, in the ninth lane 9, and in the tenth lane 10, corresponding cutouts are made (notch 12 in the ninth lane, and notch 13 in the tenth lane).

To manufacture such strips, a pair of molds are first made according to the obtained dimensions of the openings (Fig. 4 — the first mold 20, and the second mold 21). Forms have a width in the height of the opening. In rectangular shapes (20 and 21) of ferromagnetic material, inserts (for example, empty boxes: insert 22 in the first form, and insert 23 in the second form) are placed, which are held in the corresponding forms 20 and 21

permanent magnets (permanent magnets 24 of the first insert, and 25 permanent magnets 25 of the second insert). The geometric dimensions of the inserts correspond to each opening, divided in half by a horizontal line; and their location in each form corresponds to the location of the openings on the surface scan of the building structure. The inserts have rounded corners (those that fall inside the notch).

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a variant of a complex opening for which the stripes are no longer mirror images of each other. The eleventh strip 14 and the twelfth strip 15 have respective cutouts 18 and 19, which allow these strips to be placed on the surface of the building structure, where the doorway 16 is located next to the second window opening 17 in the wall of the building structure. For a difficult opening form, separation along the height of the opening is made separately along the nearest wall of the opening (left and right edges of the openings 16.and 17 in Fig. 3). Appropriate inserts are made into molds in which strips will be made.

Thus, this set of features allows you to protect the building structure from destruction, and above all - as separate buildings of the private housing sector with a height of several floors, and modern urban multi-storey buildings, that is, to solve the problem of the invention.

Literature:

1. Auth. testimonial.

286180, IPC E 04 G23 / 00

2. Auth. testimonial. USSR N ° 278071, IPC E 04 V 1/62

3. Brevet de invenpe de scurta durata No. 998, BOPI 1/2016

The list of items in FIG. 14:

To fig. 1 _:;

1 - first lane; 2 - second lane; 3 - third lane; 4 - fourth lane; 5 - fifth strip; 6 - the sixth lane; 7 - the seventh strip; 8 - the eighth strip;

To FIG. 2:

To FIG. _3:.

To FIG. four:

20 is the first form; 21 - the second form; 9 - the ninth strip; 10 - tenth strip; · 12 - cutout in the ninth strip; 13 - cut in the tenth strip; 22 - insert in the first form; 23 - insert in the second form; 24 - permanent magnets of the first insert; 25 - permanent magnets of the second insert.

Claims

METHOD FOR PROTECTING CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURES FROM DESTRUCTION OF THE INVENTION

1. The method of protecting building structures from destruction, namely, that the outer surface of the building structure is covered with a flexible protective material in the form of strips, hardening after gluing to the building

structures, these strips are placed across the possible directions of crack formation (most often the strips are horizontal), and on sections of the surface of the building structure where there are no openings in the outer wall, the strips are arranged with uniform displacement, and where there are openings in the outer wall, they or pasted with strips around the perimeter, or preliminarily, according to the surface scan of the building structure, the required number of strips is determined, and their assortment in shape and size (determine the number of openings, measure measures, and the distance between them), the data obtained is produced first pair of molds for the manufacture of strips, the width in the height of the opening, for which use rectangular shape from a ferromagnetic material and are placed in the insert held in place by the permanent magnets; the geometrical dimensions of the inserts correspond to each aperture bisected by a horizontal line, and their location in the form corresponds to the location of the apertures on the surface scan

building structure, and then in these forms are made strips containing cutouts at the locations of each opening, with a depth of half the height of the opening.