WO2019166277A1 - Compositions de blanchisserie - Google Patents

Compositions de blanchisserie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019166277A1
WO2019166277A1 PCT/EP2019/054076 EP2019054076W WO2019166277A1 WO 2019166277 A1 WO2019166277 A1 WO 2019166277A1 EP 2019054076 W EP2019054076 W EP 2019054076W WO 2019166277 A1 WO2019166277 A1 WO 2019166277A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silicone
polymer
cationic
composition according
soil release
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/054076
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Charles Crossman
Original Assignee
Unilever Plc
Unilever N.V.
Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever Plc, Unilever N.V., Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever filed Critical Unilever Plc
Priority to EP19705530.4A priority Critical patent/EP3759206B1/fr
Priority to CN201980016874.7A priority patent/CN111868222A/zh
Priority to US16/971,592 priority patent/US20200407664A1/en
Priority to BR112020017947-7A priority patent/BR112020017947B1/pt
Publication of WO2019166277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019166277A1/fr
Priority to CN202080104822.8A priority patent/CN116157798A/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
    • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
    • C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
    • C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
    • C11D3/3773—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines in liquid compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/162—Organic compounds containing Si

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laundry composition providing improved softening to fabrics.
  • laundry compositions providing softening to knitted cotton.
  • Textile fabrics including clothes can often feel harsh after the laundry process. To reduce the harshness experienced after multiple wash cycles, consumers seek care benefits from their laundry products. This is a particular issue for knitted cotton fabrics. Knitted cotton is a particularly soft fabric and maintaining this softness is a priority for many consumers.
  • compositions of the present invention provide a laundry composition with enhanced softening of knitted cotton.
  • a laundry composition comprising: a. Soil release polymer
  • a method for softening knitted cotton wherein the knitted cotton is treated with a composition according to the invention.
  • a use of the composition according to the invention for softening knitted cotton there is provided a use of the composition according to the invention for softening knitted cotton.
  • the invention may take any number of forms that are laundry compositions. Examples include powders, granules, bars, gels and liquids.
  • the composition is in the form of a liquid laundry product.
  • they are main wash products. It can take the form of a laundry composition for the main wash, which may be dilutable or non-dilutable.
  • a liquid laundry detergent according to the invention may generally comprise from 5 to 95%, preferably from 10 to 90%, more preferably from 15 to 85% water (by weight based on the total weight of the composition).
  • Suitable soil release polymers can be synthesised by conventional techniques well-known the skilled person, such as those described in US 2013/0200290.
  • Soil release polymers may be present at a level selected from: less than 7.5 %, less than 5 %, and less than 2.5 %, by weight of the laundry composition. Soil release
  • polymers may be present at a level selected from: more than 0.005 %, more than 0.01 %, and more than 0.05 %, by weight of the composition.
  • Soil release polymers is present in the composition in an amount selected from the range of from about 0.005 % to about 7.5 %, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 5 %, more preferably from about 0.05 % to about 2.5 %, by weight of the composition.
  • the soil release polymer has one or more fabric-binding regions, to provide fabric substantively.
  • the soil release polymer may include a fabric-binding region capped by one or more hydrophilic regions.
  • the fabric-binding region forms the central portion of the molecule (the“midblock”) and is capped by hydrophilic groups.
  • the anionic substituents are provided on the fabric-binding region and/or on the end cap, since these disrupt surfactant interaction with the soil release polymer.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the polymeric soil release polymer may be at least 1 ,000, at least 2,000, at least 5,000, at least 10,000, at least 15,000, at least 20,000 or at least 25,000.
  • the upper limit for the weight average molecular weight may be, for example, 100,000; 75,000; 60,000; 55,000; 50,000; 40,000 or 30,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight may be between about 5,000 to about 50,000, such as between about 1 ,200 to 12,000.
  • soil release polymers of the present invention are polymers according to the following generic formula:
  • Xi and X 2 are independently capping moieties
  • R1 and R1 are independently one or more nonionic hydrophilic blocks
  • Z is one or more anionic hydrophobic blocks
  • Xi and X2 are independently, preferably, alkyl groups, more preferably C1-4 alkyl branched or unbranched moieties.
  • R1 and R1 are independently, preferably blocks consisting of one or more nonionic hydrophilic components selected from:
  • polyoxyethylene segments with a degree of polymerization of at least 2, preferably from 3 to about 150, more preferably from 6 to about 100 or
  • hydrophile segment does not encompass any oxypropylene unit unless it is bonded to adjacent moieties at each end by ether linkages, or
  • Z preferably consists of one or more anionic hydrophobic components selected from:
  • components also comprise oxyethylene terephthalate, the ratio of oxyethylene terephthalate:C 3 oxyalkylene terephthalate units is about 2:1 or lower, where the terephthalate segments are at least partially sulphonated
  • poly (vinyl ester) segments preferably polyvinyl acetate), having a degree of polymerization of at least 2, or (iv) C1 -C4 alkyl ether or C4 hydroxyalkyl ether substituents, or mixtures therein, wherein said substituents are present in the form of C1 -C4 alkyl ether or C4 hydroxyalkyl ether cellulose derivatives, or mixtures therein, and such cellulose derivatives are amphiphilic, whereby they have a sufficient level of C1 -C4 alkyl ether and/or C4 hydroxyalkyl ether units to deposit upon conventional polyester synthetic fiber surfaces and retain a sufficient level of hydroxyls, once adhered to such conventional synthetic fiber surface, to increase fiber surface hydrophilicity, or a combination of (a) and (b).
  • these segements include graft copolymers of poly(vinyl ester), e.g., C1 -C6 vinyl esters, preferably poly(vinyl acetate) grafted onto polyalkylene oxide backbones, such as polyethylene oxide backbones.
  • poly(vinyl ester) e.g., C1 -C6 vinyl esters
  • poly(vinyl acetate) grafted onto polyalkylene oxide backbones, such as polyethylene oxide backbones.
  • soil release agents of this kind include the SOKALAN type of material, e.g., SOKALAN HP-22, available from BASF (West Germany).
  • isophthalate groups such as a 1 , 4-phenylene moiety or a 1 , 3-phenylene moiety having 0 to 4 anionic substituents (such as carboxylate, phosphonate, phosphate or, preferably sulphonate), preferably 1 , 4-phenylene moiety having 0 to 4 anionic substituents.
  • the Z is a polyester polymer or comprises a polyester copolymer region.
  • the soil release polymer may be according to the following formula (II)
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are X-(OC2H4) n -(OC3H6) m wherein X is C1-4 alkyl, the -(OC2H4) groups and the -(OC3H6) groups are arranged blockwise and the block consisting of the -(OC3H6) groups is bound to a COO group or are HO-(C 3 H 6 ),
  • n is based on a molar average a number of from 12 to 120 and preferably of from 40 to 50,
  • m is based on a molar average a number of from 1 to 10,
  • a is based on a molar average a number of from 4 to 9 and
  • the -(OC3H6) groups of R 1 and R 2 is preferably bound to a COO group.
  • variable“n” based on a molar average preferably is a number of from 40 to 50, more preferably is a number of from 43 to 47 and even more preferably is 44 to 46 and most preferably 45.
  • variable“m” based on a molar average preferably is a number of from 1 to 7, more preferably a number from 2 to 6.
  • variable“a” based on a molar average preferably is a number of from 5 to 8 and more preferably is a number of from 6 to 7.
  • H 3 C-(OC2H4)n-(OC 3 H6)m are of the formula -O-CH2-CH2-.
  • the groups -0-C 3 H 6 - in the structural units indexed with“a”, in the structural units “X-(OC2H 4 )n-(OC 3 H 6 )m” or“H 3 C-(OC 2 H4)n-(OC 3 H 6 )m” and in the structural units HO-(C 3 H 6 ) are of the formula -0-CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 - or -0-CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-, i.e. are of the formula
  • polyesters of component A) of the inventive compositions are according to the following formula (I)
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are H 3 C-(OC 2 H 4 ) n -(OC 3 H 6 ) m wherein
  • n is based on a molar average a number of from 44 to 46,
  • n based on a molar average
  • a is based on a molar average a number of from 5 to 8.
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are H 3 C-(OC 2 H 4 ) n -(OC 3 H 6 ) m wherein
  • the -(OC2H4) groups and the -(OC 3 H6) groups are arranged blockwise and the block consisting of the -(OC 3 H 6 ) groups is bound to a COO group, n is based on a molar average 45,
  • n based on a molar average
  • polyesters of component A) of the inventive compositions are according to the following formula (I)
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are H3C-(OC2H4) n -(OC3H6) m wherein
  • n is based on a molar average a number of from 44 to 46,
  • m is based on a molar average 5
  • a is based on a molar average a number of from 5 to 8.
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are H3C-(OC2H4) n -(OC3H6) m wherein
  • n is based on a molar average 45
  • m is based on a molar average 5
  • a is based on a molar average a number of from 6 to 7
  • the soil release polymers comprise copolymers having random blocks of ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide (PEO) terephthalate.
  • the molecular weight of this polymeric soil release agent is in the range of from about 25,000 to about 55,000. See U.S. Pat. No. 3,959,230 to Hays, issued May 25, 1976 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,893,929 to Basadur issued Jul. 8, 1975.
  • the soil release polymer is a polyester with repeat units of ethylene terephthalate units contains 10-15% by weight of ethylene terephthalate units together with 90-80% by weight of polyoxyethylene terephthalate units, derived from a polyoxyethylene glycol of average molecular weight 300-5,000.
  • this polymer include the commercially available material ZELCON 5126 (from DuPont) and MILEASE T (from ICI). See also U.S. Pat. No. 4,702,857, issued Oct. 27, 1987 to Gosselink.
  • Further examples of soil release polymers are terephthalic acid / glycol copolymers sold under the tradenames Texcare®, Repel-o-tex®, Gerol®, Marloquest® and, Cirrasol®.
  • the soil release polymer is a sulfonated product of a substantially linear ester oligomer comprised of an oligomeric ester backbone of terephthaloyl and oxyalkyleneoxy repeat units and terminal moieties covalently attached to the backbone.
  • soil release agents are described fully in U.S. Pat. No. 4,968,451 , issued Nov. 6, 1990 to J.J. Scheibel and E. P. Gosselink.
  • Other suitable polymeric soil release agents include the terephthalate polyesters of U.S. Pat. No. 4,711 ,730, issued Dec. 8, 1987 to Gosselink et al, the anionic end-capped oligomeric esters of U.S. Pat. No. 4,721 ,580, issued Jan. 26, 1988 to Gosselink, and the block polyester oligomeric compounds of U.S. Pat. No. 4,702,857, issued Oct. 27, 1987 to Gosselink.
  • Preferred polymeric soil release polymers also include the soil release agents of U.S. Pat. No. 4,877,896, issued Oct. 31 , 1989 to Maldonado et al, which discloses anionic, especially sulfoarolyl, end-capped terephthalate esters.
  • the soil release agent is an oligomer with repeat units of terephthaloyl units, sulfoisoterephthaloyl units, oxyethyleneoxy and oxy-1 ,2-propylene units.
  • the repeat units form the backbone of the oligomer and are preferably terminated with modified isethionate end-caps.
  • a particularly preferred soil release agent of this type comprises about one sulfoisophthaloyl unit, 5 terephthaloyl units, oxyethyleneoxy and oxy-1 ,2-propyleneoxy units in a ratio of from about 1.7 to about 1.8, and two end-cap units of sodium 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-ethanesulfonate.
  • Said soil release agent also comprises from about 0.5% to about 20%, by weight of the oligomer, of a crystalline- reducing stabilizer, preferably selected from the group consisting of xylene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, toluene sulfonate, and mixtures thereof.
  • a crystalline- reducing stabilizer preferably selected from the group consisting of xylene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, toluene sulfonate, and mixtures thereof.
  • the soil release polymers comprise polymers of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and alkylene glycols (including polymers containing polyalkylene glycols).
  • the soil release polymer may comprise a fabric- binding region formed from aromatic dicarboxylic acid/ester monomer units.
  • the anionic soil release polymer is formed from aromatic dicarboxylic acid/ester and alkylene glycol units (including polymers containing polyalkylene glycols), such as those described in US 2013/0200290.
  • suitable polymers include Texcare® SRA 100N or Texcare® SRA 300F marketed by Clariant®.
  • the soil release polymer may be according to the
  • p is a number from 0 to 60, and when p is not zero is preferably from 2 to 50, more preferably from 5 to 45, even more preferably from 6 to 40, yet more preferably from 7 to 40 and most preferably from 8 to 40, even from 1 1 to 35;
  • q1 and q2 is a number from 6 to 120, preferably 18 to 80, most preferably 40 to 70, provided that q2 is greater than p and preferably q2 is at least 1.5 times as large as p;
  • n is a number from 2 to 26; preferably 5 to 15;
  • n, p, q1 and q2 are not necessarily a whole number for the polymer in bulk.
  • X is a capping moiety, preferably selected from C1-4 alkyl, branched and unbranched;
  • a and B are selected from ester, amide and urethane moieties, preferably the moieties A and B nearest to any PO blocks are esters, A and B may be different or may be the same; when the moieties A and B adjacent to the PO blocks are esters then it is preferred that p is not zero, alternatively, it is preferred that the ratio of (q1 +q2):n is from 4 to 10 and that q2 is from 40 to 120; G1 comprises 1 ,4 phenylene;
  • G2 is ethylene, which may be substituted
  • moieties G2 are all ethylene of formula (IV)
  • G3 and G4 are selected from Hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl and C1-4 alkoxy, provided that at least one of G3 and G4 is not hydrogen and that at least 10% of the groups G2 have neither G3 nor G4 as hydrogen.
  • G3 and G4 are not hydrogen then they are methyl moieties.
  • the non H substituents, more preferably the methyl moieties, are arranged in syn configuration on the ethylene backbone -CH-CH- of moieties G2.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise silicone.
  • Silicone may be present at a level selected from: less than 10 %, less than 5 %, and less than 2.5 %, by weight of the laundry composition. Silicone may be present at a level selected from: more than 0.01 %, more than 0.05 %, and more than 0.1 %, by weight of the composition. Suitably silicone is present in the composition in an amount selected from the range of from about 0.01 % to about 10 %, preferably from about 0.05 % to about 5 %, more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 2.5 %, by weight of the
  • Silicones and their chemistry are described in, for example in The Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science, volume 1 1 , p765.
  • Silicones suitable for the present invention are fabric softening silicones.
  • Non-limiting examples of such silicones include: • Non-functionalised silicones such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS),
  • Functionalised silicones such as alkyl (or alkoxy) functionalised, alkylene oxide functionalised, amino functionalised, phenyl functionalised, hydroxy functionalised, polyether functionalised, acrylate functionalised, siliconhydride functionalised, carboxy functionalised, phosphate functionalised, sulphate functionalised, phosphonate functionalised, sulphonic functionalised, betaine
  • Copolymers, graft co-polymers and block co-polymers with one or more different types of functional groups such as alkyl, alkylene oxide, amino, phenyl, hydroxy, polyether, acrylate, siliconhydride, carboxy,
  • Suitable non-functionalised silicones have the general formula:
  • R1 hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxy, propoxy, and aryloxy group.
  • R2 hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxy, propoxy, and aryloxy group.
  • R3 alkyl, aryl, hydroxy, or hydroxyalkyl group, and mixtures thereof
  • Suitable functionalised silicones may be anionic, cationic, or non-ionic functionalised silicones.
  • the functional group(s) on the functionalised silicones are preferably located in pendent positions on the silicone i.e. the composition comprises functionalised silicones wherein the functional group(s) are located in a position other than at the end of the silicone chain.
  • the terms‘terminal position’ and‘at the end of the silicone chain’ are used to indicate the terminus of the silicone chain.
  • the anionic silicone preferably contains no functional groups located on a terminal position of the silicone.
  • the terminal position is deemed to be the two ends of the longest linear silicone chain.
  • no functional group(s) are located on the terminus of the longest linear silicone chain.
  • Preferred functionalised silicones are those that comprise the anionic group at a mid- chain position on the silicone.
  • the functional group(s) of the functionalised silicone are located at least five Si atoms from a terminal position on the silicone.
  • the functional groups are distributed randomly along the silicone chain.
  • the silicone is selected from: anionic
  • the silicone is selected from: carboxy functionalised silicone; amino functionalised silicone; polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and mixtures thereof. Preferred features of each of these materials are outlined herein.
  • a carboxy functionalised silicone may be present as a carboxylic acid or an carbonate anion and preferably has a carboxy group content of at least 1 mol% by weight of the silicone polymer, preferably at least 2 mol%.
  • the carboxy group(s) are located in a pendent position, more preferably located at least five Si atoms from a terminal position on the silicone.
  • the caboxy groups are distributed randomly along the silicone chain. Examples of suitable carboxy functional silicones include FC 220 ex.
  • An amino functionalised silicone means a silicone containing at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine group, or a quaternary ammonium group.
  • the primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary amine groups are preferably located in a pendent position, more preferably located at least five Si atoms from a terminal position on the silicone.
  • Preferably the amino groups are distributed randomly along the silicone chain. Examples of suitable amino functional silicones include FC222 ex. Wacker Chemie and EC218 ex. Wacker Chemie.
  • a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer has the general formula:
  • R1 hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxy, propoxy, and aryloxy group.
  • R2 hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxy, propoxy, and aryloxy group.
  • a suitable example of a PDMS polymer is E22 ex. Wacker Chemie.
  • the silicone is a carboxy functionalised silicone as described above.
  • the molecular weight of the silicone polymer is preferably from 1 ,000 to 500,000, more preferably from 2,000 to 250,000 even more preferably from 5,000 to 200,000.
  • the silicone of the present invention is preferably present in the form of an
  • Silicones are preferably emulsified prior to addition to the present
  • Silicone compositions are generally supplied from manufacturers in the form of emulsions.
  • the average particle size of the emulsion is in the range from about 1 nm to 150nm, preferably 1 nm to 100nm. This may be referred to as a micro emulsion.
  • the particle size is measured as a volume mean diameter, D[4,3], this can be measured using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 from Malvern instruments.
  • the laundry composition of the present invention comprises a cationic polymer. This refers to polymers having an overall positive charge.
  • the cationic polymer may be naturally derived or synthetic.
  • suitable cationic polymers include: acrylate polymers, cationic amino resins, cationic urea resins, and cationic polysaccharides, including: cationic celluloses, cationic guars and cationic starches.
  • the cationic polymer of the present invention may be categorised as a polysaccharide- based cationic polymer or non-polysaccharide based cationic polymers.
  • Polysaccharide-based cationic polymers include cationic celluloses, cationic guars and cationic starches. Polysaccharides are polymers made up from monosaccharide monomers joined together by glycosidic bonds.
  • the cationic polysaccharide-based polymers present in the compositions of the invention have a modified polysaccharide backbone, modified in that additional chemical groups have been reacted with some of the free hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide backbone to give an overall positive charge to the modified cellulosic monomer unit.
  • a preferred polysaccharide polymer is cationic cellulose. This refers to polymers having a cellulose backbone and an overall positive charge.
  • Cellulose is a polysaccharide with glucose as its monomer, specifically it is a straight chain polymer of D-glucopyranose units linked via beta -1 ,4 glycosidic bonds and is a linear, non-branched polymer.
  • the cationic cellulose-based polymers of the present invention have a modified cellulose backbone, modified in that additional chemical groups have been reacted with some of the free hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide backbone to give an overall positive charge to the modified cellulose monomer unit.
  • a preferred class of cationic cellulose polymers suitable for this invention are those that have a cellulose backbone modified to incorporate a quaternary ammonium salt.
  • the quaternary ammonium salt is linked to the cellulose backbone by a hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl group.
  • the charged nitrogen of the quaternary ammonium salt has one or more alkyl group substituents.
  • Example cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the field under the International Nomenclature for Cosmetic Ingredients as Polyquatemium 10 and is commercially available from the Amerchol Corporation, a subsidiary of The Dow Chemical Company, marketed as the Polymer LR, JR, and KG series of polymers.
  • Other suitable types of cationic celluloses include the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium- substituted epoxide referred to in the field under the International Nomenclature for Cosmetic Ingredients as Polyquatemium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corporation marketed as Polymer LM- 200.
  • Typical examples of preferred cationic cellulosic polymers include
  • cocodimethylammonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose cocodimethylammonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, lauryldimethylammonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, stearyldimethylammonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, and stearyldimethylammonium hydroxyethyl cellulose; cellulose 2-hydroxyethyl 2- hydroxy 3-(trimethyl ammonio) propyl ether salt, polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-24 and polyquaternium-67 or mixtures thereof.
  • the cationic cellulosic polymer is a quaternised hydroxy ether cellulose cationic polymer. These are commonly known as polyquaternium-10. Suitable
  • the counterion of the cationic polymer is freely chosen from the halides: chloride, bromide, and iodide; or from hydroxide, phosphate, sulphate, hydrosulphate, ethyl sulphate, methyl sulphate, formate, and acetate.
  • Non polysaccharide-based cationic polymers
  • a non-polysaccharide-based cationic polymer is comprised of structural units, these structural units may be non-ionic, cationic, anionic or mixtures thereof.
  • the polymer may comprise non-cationic structural units, but the polymer must have a net cationic charge.
  • the cationic polymer may consists of only one type of structural unit, i.e., the polymer is a homopolymer.
  • the cationic polymer may consists of two types of structural units, i.e., the polymer is a copolymer.
  • the cationic polymer may consists of three types of structural units, i.e., the polymer is a terpolymer.
  • the cationic polymer may comprises two or more types of structural units.
  • the structural units may be described as first structural units, second structural units, third structural units, etc.
  • the structural units, or monomers, may be incorporated in the cationic polymer in a random format or in a block format.
  • the cationic polymer may comprise a nonionic structural units derived from monomers selected from: (meth)acrylamide, vinyl formamide, N, N-dialkyl acrylamide, N, N- dialkylmethacrylamide, C1-C12 alkyl acrylate, C1-C12 hydroxyalkyl acrylate, polyalkylene glyol acrylate, C1-C12 alkyl methacrylate, C1-C12 hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, polyalkylene glycol methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, vinyl formamide, vinyl acetamide, vinyl alkyl ether, vinyl pyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole, vinyl caprolactam, and mixtures thereof.
  • monomers selected from: (meth)acrylamide, vinyl formamide, N, N-dialkyl acrylamide, N, N- dialkylmethacrylamide, C1-C12 alkyl acrylate, C1-C12 hydroxyalkyl
  • the cationic polymer may comprise a cationic structural units derived from monomers selected from: N, N-dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, N, N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, N, N- dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, N, N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, methacylamidoalkyl trialkylammonium salts, acrylamidoalkylltrialkylamminium salts, vinylamine, vinylimine, vinyl imidazole, quaternized vinyl imidazole, diallyl dialkyl ammonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
  • the cationic monomer is selected from: diallyl dimethyl ammonium salts (DADMAS), N, N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate, N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate (DMAM), [2-(methacryloylamino)ethyl]trl-methylammonium salts, N, N- dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMAPA), N, N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (DMAPMA), acrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium salts (APTAS), methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium salts (MAPTAS), quaternized vinylimidazole (QVi), and mixtures thereof.
  • DADMAS diallyl dimethyl ammonium salts
  • N N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate
  • DMAM N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate
  • AZAMA acrylamidopropy
  • the cationic polymer may comprise anionic structural units derived from monomers selected from: acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid, maleic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, acrylamidopropylmethane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and their salts, and mixtures thereof.
  • AA acrylic acid
  • methacrylic acid maleic acid
  • vinyl sulfonic acid vinyl sulfonic acid
  • styrene sulfonic acid styrene sulfonic acid
  • AMPS acrylamidopropylmethane sulfonic acid
  • stabilisers i.e. materials which will exhibit a yield stress in the ancillary laundry composition of the present invention.
  • Such stabilisers may be selected from: thread like structuring systems for example
  • the cationic polymer is selected from; cationic polysaccharides and acrylate polymers. More preferably the cationic polymer is a cationic acrylate polymer or a cationic cellulose.
  • the molecular weight of the cationic polymer is preferably greater than 20 000 g/mol, more preferably greater than 25 000 g/mol.
  • the molecular weight is preferably less than 2 000 000 g/mol, more preferably less than 1 000 000 g/mol.
  • Cationic polymer may be present at a level selected from: less than 10 %, less than 7.5 %, and less than 5 %, by weight of the laundry composition.
  • Cationic polymer may be present at a level selected from: more than 0.005 %, more than 0.01 %, and more than 0.1 %, by weight of the composition.
  • Suitably cationic polymer is present in the composition in an amount selected from the range of from about 0.005 % to about 10 %, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 7.5 %, more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 5 %, by weight of the composition.
  • the levels of soil release polymer to silicone and silicone to cationic polymer are proportional to each other.
  • a preferred ratio of soil release polymer to silicone is in the range of 10:1 to 1 :10, more preferably 5:2 to 1 :4.
  • a preferred ratio of silicone to cationic polymer is 10:1 to 1 :1 , more preferably 5:1 to 1 :1.
  • compositions of the present invention preferably comprise a surfactant.
  • the surfactant may be anionic, cationic, non-ionic and mixtures thereof.
  • the laundry compositions of the present invention generally comprise at least 3 w.t.% surfactant, preferably at least 5 w.t.%, more preferably at least 8 w.t. %.
  • the composition will comprise less than 60 w.t.% surfactant, more preferably less than 50 w.t.%, most preferably less than 40 w.t. % of one or more surfactants.
  • the composition may comprise 3 to 60 w.t. %, more preferably 5 to 50 w.t. %, most preferably 8 to 40 w.t. % of one or more surfactants.
  • the surfactants are detersive surfactants, which may be selected from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • Anionic surfactants for use in the invention are typically salts of organic sulfates and sulfonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term“alkyl” being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
  • alkyl radicals preferably contain from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and may be unsaturated.
  • the alkyl ether sulfates may contain from one to ten ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units per molecule, and preferably contain one to three ethylene oxide units per molecule.
  • the counterion for anionic surfactants is generally an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium; or an ammoniacal counterion such as monoethanolamine, (MEA) diethanolamine (DEA) or triethanolamine (TEA). Mixtures of such counterions may also be employed.
  • a preferred class of anionic surfactant for use in the invention includes alkylbenzene sulfonates, particularly linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) with an alkyl chain length of from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • LAS linear alkylbenzene sulfonates
  • Commercial LAS is a mixture of closely related isomers and homologues alkyl chain homologues, each containing an aromatic ring sulfonated at the “para” position and attached to a linear alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons.
  • the linear alkyl chain typically has a chain length of from 1 1 to 15 carbon atoms, with the predominant materials having a chain length of about C12.
  • Each alkyl chain homologue consists of a mixture of all the possible sulfophenyl isomers except for the 1-phenyl isomer.
  • LAS is normally formulated into compositions in acid (i.e. HLAS) form and then at least partially neutralized in-situ.
  • alkyl ether sulfates having a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 10 to 18, more preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms and containing an average of 1 to 3EO units per molecule.
  • a preferred example is sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) in which the predominantly C12 lauryl alkyl group has been ethoxylated with an average of 3EO units per molecule.
  • SLES sodium lauryl ether sulfate
  • Some alkyl sulfate surfactant (PAS) may be used, such as non-ethoxylated primary and secondary alkyl sulphates with an alkyl chain length of from 10 to 18.
  • Preferred anionic surfactants are selected from: linear alkyl benezene sulphonates, sodium lauryl ether sulphonates with 1 to 3 moles (average) of ethoxylation, primary alkyl sulphonates, methyl ether sulphates and secondary alkyl sulphonates or mixtures thereof.
  • a preferred mixture of anionic surfactants for use in the invention comprises linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (preferably Cn to C15 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate) and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (preferably C10 to C-is alkyl sulfate ethoxylated with an average of 1 to 3 EO)
  • the total level of anionic surfactant in the present invention may suitably range from 5 to 30 w.t.%.
  • Nonionic surfactants for use in the invention are typically polyoxyalkylene compounds, i.e. the reaction product of alkylene oxides (such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or mixtures thereof) with starter molecules having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom which is reactive with the alkylene oxide.
  • Such starter molecules include alcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols. Where the starter molecule is an alcohol, the reaction product is known as an alcohol alkoxylate.
  • the polyoxyalkylene compounds can have a variety of block and heteric (random) structures. For example, they can comprise a single block of alkylene oxide, or they can be diblock alkoxylates or triblock alkoxylates.
  • the blocks can be all ethylene oxide or all propylene oxide, or the blocks can contain a heteric mixture of alkylene oxides.
  • examples of such materials include Ce to C22 alkyl phenol ethoxylates with an average of from 5 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol; and aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates such as Cs to C18 primary or secondary linear or branched alcohol ethoxylates with an average of from
  • a preferred class of nonionic surfactant for use in the invention includes aliphatic Cs to C18, more preferably C12 to C15 primary linear alcohol ethoxylates with an average of from
  • the total level of nonionic surfactant in the present invention may suitably range from 0 to 25 w.t.%.
  • suitable mixtures of anionic and/or nonionic surfactants for use in the invention include mixtures of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (preferably Cn to C 15 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate) with sodium lauryl ether sulfate (preferably C10 to C18 alkyl sulfate ethoxylated with an average of 1 to 3 EO) and/or ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol (preferably C12 to C15 primary linear alcohol ethoxylate with an average of from 5 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol).
  • linear alkylbenzene sulfonate preferably Cn to C 15 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate
  • sodium lauryl ether sulfate preferably C10 to C18 alkyl sulfate ethoxylated with an average of 1 to 3 EO
  • ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol preferably C12 to C15 primary linear alcohol
  • the level of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (preferably Cn to C15 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate) in such mixtures is preferably at least 50%, such as from 50 to 95% (by weight based on the total weight of the mixture).
  • the weight ratio of anionic to nonionic surfactant may be from 5:1 to 1 :1.5.
  • the weight ratio of anionic to nonionic surfactant is from 5:1 to 1 : 1.25, more preferably from 4:1 to 1 :1.25, even more preferably from 4:1 to 1 :1.
  • the composition may further comprise one or more cosurfactants (such as amphoteric (zwitterionic) and/or cationic surfactants) in addition to the anionic and/or nonionic detersive surfactants described above.
  • cosurfactants such as amphoteric (zwitterionic) and/or cationic surfactants
  • Specific cationic surfactants include C8 to C18 alkyl dimethyl ammonium halides and derivatives thereof in which one or two hydroxyethyl groups replace one or two of the methyl groups, and mixtures thereof.
  • Cationic surfactant when included, may be present in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 5% (by weight based on the total weight of the composition).
  • amphoteric (zwitterionic) surfactants include alkyl amine oxides, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl sulphobetaines (sultaines), alkyl glycinates, alkyl carboxyglycinates, alkyl amphoacetates, alkyl amphopropionates, alkylamphoglycinates, alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaines, acyl taurates and acyl glutamates, having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term“alkyl” being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
  • Amphoteric (zwitterionic) surfactant, when included, may be present in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 5% (by weight based on the total weight of the composition).
  • the composition may further comprise one or more builders.
  • Builders enhance or maintain the cleaning efficiency of the surfactant.
  • Builders for use in the invention can be of the organic or inorganic type, or a mixture thereof.
  • Non-phosphate builders are preferred.
  • Inorganic, non-phosphate builders for use in the invention are preferably selected from: hydroxides, carbonates, silicates, zeolites, and mixtures thereof.
  • the overall level of builder when included, may range from about 0.1 to about 80%, preferably from about 0.5 to about 50% (by weight based on the total weight of the composition).
  • the level of phosphate builders in a liquid laundry detergent of the invention is no more than 1%.
  • the composition may further comprise one or more fatty acids and/or salts thereof.
  • Suitable fatty acids in the context of this invention include aliphatic carboxylic acids of formula RCOOH, where R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl chain containing from 6 to 24, more preferably 10 to 22, most preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 double bond.
  • Preferred examples of such materials include saturated C12-18 fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid; and fatty acid mixtures in which 50 to 100% (by weight based on the total weight of the mixture) consists of saturated C12-18 fatty acids.
  • Such mixtures may typically be derived from natural fats and/or optionally hydrogenated natural oils (such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil or tallow).
  • the fatty acids may be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and/or in the form of soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. Mixtures of any of the above described materials may also be used.
  • Fatty acids and/or their salts when included, may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.25 to 5%, more preferably from 0.5 to 5%, most preferably from 0.75 to 4% (by weight based on the total weight of the composition).
  • fatty acids and/or their salts are not included in the level of surfactant or in the level of builder.
  • dye-transfer inhibitors Modern detergent compositions typically employ polymers as so-called‘dye-transfer inhibitors’. These prevent migration of dyes, especially during long soak times.
  • dye-transfer inhibiting agents include polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N- oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, manganese pthalocyanine, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof, and are usually present at a level of from 0.01 to 10 wt.% based on total amount in the laundry composition.
  • Anti-redeposition polymers are designed to suspend or disperse soil. Typically,
  • antiredeposition polymers are ethoxylated and or propoxylated polyethylene imine or polycarboxylate materials, for example, Acrylic acid based homo or copolymers available under the trade mark ACUSOL from Dow Chemical, Alcosperse from Akzonobel or Sokolan from BASF.
  • Enzymes can also be present in the formulation.
  • Preferred enzymes include protease, lipase, pectate lyase, amylase, cutinase, cellulase, mannanase. If present the enzymes may be stabilized with a known enzyme stabilizer for example boric acid.
  • Other ingredients include protease, lipase, pectate lyase, amylase, cutinase, cellulase, mannanase. If present the enzymes may be stabilized with a known enzyme stabilizer for example boric acid.
  • compositions of the present iinvention may comprise further ingredients typically found in fabric detergent compositions.
  • Such materials include: transition metal ion chelating ingredients, hydrotropes, shading dyes, fluorescent agents, enzymes,
  • the laundry compositions of the present invention may preferably comprise 0.1 to 15 w.t.% free perfume, more preferably 0.5 to 8 w.t. % free perfume.
  • Useful perfume components may include materials of both natural and synthetic origin. They include single compounds and mixtures. Specific examples of such components may be found in the current literature, e.g., in Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, 1975, CRC Press; Synthetic Food Adjuncts, 1947 by M. B. Jacobs, edited by Van Nostrand; or Perfume and Flavor Chemicals by S. Arctander 1969, Montclair, N.J. (USA). These substances are well known to the person skilled in the art of perfuming, flavouring, and/or aromatizing consumer products.
  • Particularly preferred perfume components are blooming perfume components and substantive perfume components.
  • Blooming perfume components are defined by a boiling point less than 250°C and a LogP or greater than 2.5.
  • Substantive perfume components are defined by a boiling point greater than 250°C and a LogP greater than 2.5. Boiling point is measured at standard pressure (760 mm Hg).
  • a perfume composition will comprise a mixture of blooming and substantive perfume components.
  • the perfume composition may comprise other perfume components.
  • perfume components it is commonplace for a plurality of perfume components to be present in a free oil perfume composition.
  • compositions for use in the present invention it is envisaged that there will be three or more, preferably four or more, more preferably five or more, most preferably six or more different perfume components.
  • An upper limit of 300 perfume components may be applied.
  • compositions of the present invention may be used in a method for softening knitted cotton.
  • Softening may be described as fabric care or fibre care.
  • the knitted cotton is treated with the composition during the wash process.
  • composition of the present invention is a detergent composition, in which case, the treatment is preferably in the main wash. If the composition of the present invention is a fabric conditioner, the treatment is preferably in the rinse.
  • compositions of the present invention are dosed in a volume of 10g to 200g, more preferably 20g to 150g.
  • composition of the present invention may be used for softening knitted cotton.
  • One method of measuring softening is by measuring friction of the treated fabrics.
  • Soil release polymers and cotton are Soil release polymers and cotton:
  • the pieces of fabric were then stained with olive oil (which contained solvent violet dye at 0.2%). 3 x 35mm stains were then applied to each piece of fabric.
  • Stains were allowed to dry.
  • the stain intensity was measured on a spectrophotometer at a reflectance of 580nm.
  • Monitors were then rewashed in the test formulation X or Y and the reflectance was re- measured.
  • Active Silicone 2 - Silicone added as a 30% Silicone emulsion.
  • the silicone comprised a carboxy group in a mid-chain pendent position ex. Wacker. SRN170 3 - TexCare SRN 170 ex. Clariant. This is a nonionic soil release polyester
  • the soil release polymers were added separately before adding the composition to the wash.
  • formulation A 35ml of formulation A was dosed into a dosing ball, followed by soil release polymer where required. The mixture was stirred for 2 minutes before addition to the drum of the washing machine.
  • the fabrics were then washed using the cotton short cycle at 40°C of a Miele automatic washing machine. After the cycle the fabrics were line dried. This process was repeated 6 times.
  • Softness was measured by friction on the fabric.
  • the friction was measured using a Texture Analyser (TA.XT plus ex. Stable Micro Systems) with the optional friction module attached.
  • the Texture Analyser is a commercial instrument incorporating a drive mechanism and a 5 kg load cell.
  • the treated fabric was laid on the horizontal test platform of the instrument and a neoprene rubber cylindrical probe which is attached to the load cell was placed on the fabric surface.
  • the texture analyser is programmed to move the probe over a distance of 40 mm forwards and backwards over the fabric at a speed of 10 mm/s. As the probe moves the software records the frictional force experienced by the probe. The average friction coefficient over the whole test is used as a measure of softness. 25 readings from 25 different positions were randomly selected from the fabric. Results:
  • the friction of knitted cotton is lower when treated with a composition comprising soil release polymer and silicone, than when treated with just silicone on its own. Lower friction is indicative of a softer feel.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition de blanchisserie comprenant : a) un polymère de libération de la saleté, b) une silicone, c) un polymère cationique, d) un tensioactif, e) de l'eau.
PCT/EP2019/054076 2018-03-02 2019-02-19 Compositions de blanchisserie WO2019166277A1 (fr)

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EP19705530.4A EP3759206B1 (fr) 2018-03-02 2019-02-19 Procédé d'adoucissement d'une composition de lessive
CN201980016874.7A CN111868222A (zh) 2018-03-02 2019-02-19 洗衣组合物
US16/971,592 US20200407664A1 (en) 2018-03-02 2019-02-19 Laundry composition
BR112020017947-7A BR112020017947B1 (pt) 2018-03-02 2019-02-19 Método para amaciamento de malha de algodão e uso da composição para lavanderia
CN202080104822.8A CN116157798A (zh) 2018-03-02 2020-05-15 增材地制造最小表面结构的方法

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US20200407664A1 (en) 2020-12-31
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