WO2019166037A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées en 3d au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire améliorée - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées en 3d au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire améliorée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019166037A1
WO2019166037A1 PCT/DE2019/000037 DE2019000037W WO2019166037A1 WO 2019166037 A1 WO2019166037 A1 WO 2019166037A1 DE 2019000037 W DE2019000037 W DE 2019000037W WO 2019166037 A1 WO2019166037 A1 WO 2019166037A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particulate material
dosing
dosierkörperträger
unit according
metering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2019/000037
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Hoppmann
Michael Oesteritz
Bastian HEYMEL
Roman Scheller
Original Assignee
Voxeljet Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voxeljet Ag filed Critical Voxeljet Ag
Priority to EP19712119.7A priority Critical patent/EP3758920A1/fr
Publication of WO2019166037A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019166037A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/06—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting
    • B29C31/065—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using volumetric measuring chambers moving between a charging station and a discharge station
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/343—Metering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C19/00—Apparatus specially adapted for applying particulate materials to surfaces
    • B05C19/04—Apparatus specially adapted for applying particulate materials to surfaces the particulate material being projected, poured or allowed to flow onto the surface of the work

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing three-dimensional models by means of layer construction technique.
  • European Patent EP 0 431 924 B1 describes a method for producing three-dimensional objects from computer data.
  • a particulate material is applied in a thin layer on a platform and this selectively printed by means of a print head with a binder material.
  • the particle area printed with the binder sticks and solidifies under the influence of the binder and optionally an additional hardener.
  • the platform is lowered by one layer thickness into a structural cylinder and provided with a new layer of particulate material, which is also printed as described above. These steps are repeated until a certain desired height of the object is reached.
  • the printed and solidified areas create a three-dimensional object.
  • This object made of solidified particulate material is embedded after its completion in loose particulate material and is subsequently freed from it. This is done for example by means of a nipple.
  • the desired objects then remain, which are then removed from the residual powder, e.g. be freed by brushing.
  • a problem with known methods of 3D printing in which particulate materials are applied is a lump-free material application.
  • the particulate material is placed in a coater (recoater) and applied in layers to the building level. It happens
  • Another problem is that the outlet of the coater is partially or / and temporarily closed and then at least for a short time no particulate material passes through the coater opening on the building level. This can lead to voids in the produced 3D molded part as well as inaccuracies in the form precision or / and to disadvantages with regard to the strength or stability of the 3D molded part.
  • the invention relates to a device suitable for carrying out a method according to the invention for producing 3D parts, the device comprising or comprising at least one application means, such as a dosing body, optionally one or more dosing carrier carriers and optionally one or more leveling agents , at least one filter medium, such as a sieve body.
  • application means such as a dosing body, optionally one or more dosing carrier carriers and optionally one or more leveling agents
  • at least one filter medium such as a sieve body.
  • the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for producing 3D molded parts, wherein particulate building material is applied in a defined layer by means of coaters on a construction field, selectively applying one or more liquids or particulate binder, using a coater comprising an agent or combination of agents that reduces or substantially prevents particulate aggregation.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for producing molded parts comprising a device as described herein.
  • the invention relates to a 3D molded part manufactured by means of a device or a method as described herein.
  • Fig. 1 shows an aspect of an embodiment according to the invention, wherein a powder reservoir wall (4, 4 ') forms a powder material reservoir (17) and further a screen body (1), dosing (2), Dosier Sciences whatsoever (3) are shown.
  • the direction of movement (5) of the metering body is indicated by an arrow and this can be controlled in both directions of rotation.
  • the powder reservoir wall (4, 4 ') can form a counter wall (21, 21').
  • the unit of dosing (2) and Dosier Sciencesisme (3, 3 ') can also be referred to as dosing.
  • Fig. 2 shows an aspect of an embodiment according to the invention, wherein the metering body (2) between the powder reservoir wall (4, 4 ') is designed as a horizontally movable doctor blade, which is moved in the direction of arrow (5) via the screen body (1) for particulate material delivery.
  • FIG 3 shows an aspect of an embodiment (6) according to the invention, wherein two drive means (24, 24 ') are arranged below the powder reservoir walls (4, 4').
  • the dosing bodies (2) move in the direction of the arrow (5) and are connected to a dosing body belt (16).
  • FIG. 4 shows an aspect of an embodiment according to the invention, which is designed as a coater (7), wherein a particle material metering unit (6) above (particle material flow direction) of a Leveling unit (8) is mounted.
  • the particulate material is conveyed from the interior (17) of the particulate material dosing unit (6) by means of metering body (2) into the leveling unit interior (20).
  • the distance of the metering body (2) from each other, their dimensions and the enclosed by this and the surface of the Dosier analysestiks (3) and the screen body (1) volume defines the particle material volume (19).
  • the particulate material is applied to the building level via the metering gap (18) of the leveling unit (8) and leveled.
  • Fig. 5 shows an aspect of an embodiment according to the invention, wherein a variation of a leveling unit (8 ') is shown together with a particulate metering unit (6).
  • Leveling unit (8 ') is moved together with the particulate metering unit (6) in the direction of arrow (9), while the particulate material is applied to the building level.
  • the leveling unit (8 ') sweeps smoothly and evenly the deposited particle material as it travels, whereby the layer thickness can be adjusted by suitable means.
  • Fig. 6 shows an aspect of an embodiment according to the invention, wherein different forms of the dosing body (2) as (10), (11), (12) and (13) are shown.
  • the dosing bodies (2 ', 2 ") are each mounted on, connected to, or integral with a dosing carrier carrier, which is designed as dosing body belt (16).
  • Fig. 7 shows a specific embodiment of the invention, wherein the filter means (1) rotates (in the arrow direction (22), possible in both directions) and the dosing (2) rigid, preferably not movable, is formed.
  • the internal volume of the filter medium (1) represents the particulate material reservoir (23).
  • the application volume is determined by the rotational speed and the mesh size of the filter medium.
  • a P materialdosierü, which is suitable for the layered structure of moldings, comprising a particulate material reservoir, at least one applicator, optionally one or more Dosier Sciences terme, optionally one or more leveling agents, and at least one filter means (strainer) ,
  • an object underlying the application is achieved by a system for producing molded parts, comprising a particle material metering unit as described herein.
  • an object underlying the application is achieved by a method which uses a particle material metering unit as described herein.
  • 3D molded parts molded parts "or” parts "in the sense of the invention are all three-dimensional objects produced by means of the method according to the invention and / or the device according to the invention, which have a dimensional stability.
  • Construction space is the locus where the bed of particulate material grows during the construction process by repeated coating with particulate material or through which the bedding passes on continuous principles.
  • the construction space is defined by a floor, the building platform, walls and an open deck area.
  • a conveyor belt and limiting side walls usually exist.
  • job box represents a unit which can be moved in and out of the device and allows batch production, with a job box after the process has been completed is extended and immediately a new Jobbox can be retracted into the device, so that the production volume and thus the device performance is increased.
  • particulate materials or “particulate building materials” or “building materials”
  • materials known for powder-based 3D printing may be used, in particular silicates (eg, sands), carbides, concrete, polymers, ceramics, and metals.
  • the particulate material is preferably dry-free however, a cohesive, cut-resistant powder or a particle-laden liquid may also be used, in which font particle material and powder are used interchangeably.
  • Powder Material Application is the process of producing a defined layer of powder, either on the build platform or on an inclined plane relative to a conveyor belt with continuous principles " called.
  • selective liquid application can be carried out after each particle material application or, depending on the requirements of the molded article and for optimizing the production of shaped articles, also irregularly, for example several times with respect to a particle material application, whereby a sectional image is printed by the desired body.
  • any known 3D printing apparatus may be used which includes the required components.
  • Conventional components include coater (recoater), construction field, means for moving the construction field or coater / printhead and / or other components continuous processes, metering devices and heating and irradiation means and other components known to those skilled in the art, which can be used for powder-based 3D printing and selective solidification devices and are therefore not described here.
  • the building material is always applied in a “defined layer” or “layer thickness”, which is adjusted individually depending on the building material and process conditions. It is for example 0.05 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • a "particulate material dosing unit” comprises suitable means for obtaining a uniform particulate material for application from the coater, for example one or more dosing bodies, which are either made with a filter medium or in particular as a sieve body or sieve
  • one or more dosing bodies combined with one or more dosing carrier carriers, which may also be combined with a filter medium may be used alone or in the latter combination also passing dosing bodies on a surface (the may also be referred to as a mating surface) in order to break up possible particle aggregates and to apply a uniform particle material with uniform flowability to the building surface with the surface of the Dosier stressess and the mating surface between the dosing on the one hand a volume (three-dimensional gap) forms and on the other hand preferably shear forces can be generated which allow the breaking of particle aggregates, whereby substantially uniform and flowable particulate material is obtained for application to the building level.
  • the filter means can also be followed by a filter means of this arrangement.
  • the filter means improves the disruption and homogenization of the particulate material.
  • the "particulate material dosing unit" can be followed by a leveling unit, wherein the leveling unit is a roller or blade or / and a blade is connected downstream of the particulate material reservoir / coater.
  • a “coating agent” within the meaning of the invention is an agent that facilitates the particle material application and / or a uniform Supporting and distributing the particulate material supported.
  • the “coating agent” may be a dosing body or a squeegee or a conductive agent or dosage form, preferably wherein the conductive agent is a baffle, preferably wherein the squeegee or the conductive agent consists of or comprises a plastic or a metal.
  • a “leveling unit” within the meaning of the invention may be one or more blades or one or more rollers or one or more wipers or other suitable means.
  • a “filter medium” in the sense of the invention is a screen body in the form of, for example, a grid or perforated plate or filter fabric, through which the particulate material is conveyed to the building level prior to application.
  • a “dosing body” may have different characteristics and be adapted advantageously to other parts of the device
  • a “dosing body” may be round, oval, angular, with a round or pointed tip and executed either individually or in several coupled or independent parts his.
  • a “dosing” can be moved directly or via one or more Dosier analyses whatsoever.
  • a “dosing body carrier” in the sense of the invention can serve to move or to move one or more dosing bodies.
  • the dosing bodies can be mounted directly on the “dosing body carrier” or controlled and / or moved by further means through the "dosing body carrier” of "Dosier emotionstik" and dosing can be done with suitable means, eg by gluing or welding (see also FIGS. 3, 4, 6).
  • a "powder reservoir” within the meaning of the invention is constructed or / and limited by one or more powder reservoir walls
  • the “powder reservoir” can also be formed by the internal volume of the filter medium (see, for example, Fig. 7, reference numeral (23)).
  • this "powder reservoir” can according to the invention one or more Dosing body alone or together with one or more Dosier Sciences impartn and one or more filter media are.
  • a “direction of movement of the dosing” in the context of the invention refers to the movement, by means of which the particulate material is conveyed to the building level and possibly existing particle aggregates are broken and the particulate material is again substantially uniform flowable.
  • a "particulate material dosing unit" in the sense of the invention may in itself be designed as a coater (recoater), for example in combination with a leveling unit, or filling a coater (recoater) if it is connected upstream of it.
  • the invention relates to a device, a system and a method.
  • the invention relates in one aspect to a particulate metering unit which is suitable for the layered construction of moldings comprising a particulate material reservoir, at least one applicator, optionally one or more Dosier analyses terme, optionally one or more leveling agents, and at least one filter means (screen body).
  • the particulate material metering unit is characterized by at least one metering body and one or more filter media (screen body). This makes it possible advantageously to obtain homogeneous particulate material without agglomerates and applied to the construction level.
  • the particulate material dosing unit is characterized by at least one dosing body and optionally one or more Dosier Sciences whatsoever and optionally at least one counter wall.
  • particle material agglomerates can advantageously be broken up and essentially homogeneous particle material applied and high-quality 3D molded parts obtained. Shearing forces between dosing carrier body, dosing body and counterwall help break up particulate agglomerates and homogenize the particulate matter.
  • the particulate material reservoir can be designed in such a way that the filter medium or filters are attached to its underside in the material flow direction.
  • the particle material metering unit according to the invention can have a coating agent which is designed as a metering body or a doctor blade or a guide means.
  • the device may also comprise at least one dosing body and further a conducting agent, e.g. have a baffle, or a squeegee. These components may consist of or comprise a plastic or a metal.
  • the particulate material dosing unit may comprise one or two dosing bodies or dosing carrier carriers, preferably in combination as a dosing roller, wherein the dosing body or dosing carrier carriers are configured, for example, as circular, elliptical, prismatic and / or brushing, or constitute a dosing roller.
  • the particulate material metering unit according to the invention may have a plurality of dosing bodies, preferably 4 to 20 dosing bodies, in combination with a dosing carrier as dosing roller, or dosing bodies mounted on a dosing carrier body, wherein the dosing carrier is moved by the drive means or the drive means, preferably wherein the dosing carrier carriers are configured as a roller or straps.
  • a particle material metering unit according to the invention can have a volume between two metering bodies (and the corresponding boundaries by metering body carrier and counterwall, or the internal volume of the filter means) of 1 to 3000 cm 3 , preferably 15 to 1000 cm 3 .
  • a particulate material metering unit according to the invention may comprise a leveling agent, wherein the leveling agent or levels consist of or comprise a roller or / and a blade.
  • a particle material metering unit may comprise a filter medium, the filter medium being upstream or downstream of the metering body or bodies, preferably wherein the filter medium is connected downstream of the metering roll (s) with respect to the material flow direction.
  • the filter medium can also form an interior in which the particle material to be applied is located or introduced into it. This can be done continuously or step by step.
  • the filter medium or filters may consist of or have a mesh, preferably a wire mesh, a woven fabric and / or a perforated sheet, and preferably a passage width (mesh size) for the particulate material, eg a mesh width, of 10 to 2500 ⁇ m , preferably 50-500 pm and the perforated plate preferably have a pitch of 1-10, preferably 1-8 mm.
  • the invention relates to a plant for producing moldings comprising a particulate material metering unit as described herein.
  • the invention relates in one aspect to a method for producing molded parts, comprising the steps of: applying particulate material with a particulate dosing unit as described herein, wherein the amount of the particulate material by means of relative speed of the dosing or to the filter medium and / or by means of dosing and / or the Dosier stressesaus entry is controlled and a construction field is run over with the Pumblematerialdosierussi and when passing a particle material layer is applied or the construction field is moved, solidifying selected areas by suitable means, repeating these steps until the desired moldings or are constructed and optionally performing another Processing steps on the molded parts thus produced.
  • a constant amount of particulate material can be applied by means of the particulate material dosing unit whose volume can be determined by the design selection of the dosing bodies.
  • a substantially agglomerate-free particulate material can be applied by means of the particulate material dosing unit.
  • the method of the invention can use various material systems, e.g. a material system comprising a high fines content powder material, preferably having a mean grain size of ⁇ 250pm.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing molded parts, comprising the steps of applying particles of particulate material with a particulate material dosing unit as described herein or filling a coater (recoater) with a particulate material dosing unit as described herein.
  • a further aspect of the invention is a 3D molded part which has been produced by means of a device or method according to the invention.
  • the invention is illustrated as a coater fill with the particulate dosing unit as shown in FIG.
  • a Radialdosieriki according to the invention is also seen separately in Figure 1.
  • the powder material feed takes place in such a way that six (6) circular dosing bodies are mounted on a round dosing carrier.
  • a filter medium was used whose Siebmaschenweite of 250pm was selected.
  • the dosage is carried out in e.g. controlled manner, wherein the speed of the metering roller is set to 150 to 200 U / min. A certain speed can be at 180 rpm.
  • ceramic powder zirconium oxide D 45pm
  • other powder materials with corresponding grain sizes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à la fabrication de pièces moulées en 3D au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire (6).
PCT/DE2019/000037 2018-02-27 2019-02-19 Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées en 3d au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire améliorée WO2019166037A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19712119.7A EP3758920A1 (fr) 2018-02-27 2019-02-19 Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées en 3d au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire améliorée

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018001510.7A DE102018001510A1 (de) 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mittels verbesserter Partikelmaterialdosiereinheit
DE102018001510.7 2018-02-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019166037A1 true WO2019166037A1 (fr) 2019-09-06

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ID=65818120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2019/000037 WO2019166037A1 (fr) 2018-02-27 2019-02-19 Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées en 3d au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire améliorée

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3758920A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018001510A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019166037A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0431924A2 (fr) 1989-12-08 1991-06-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Techniques d'impression tri-dimensionnelle
CN101885062B (zh) * 2010-07-28 2012-05-02 武汉滨湖机电技术产业有限公司 快速成型自动送粉铺粉装置
WO2017040521A1 (fr) * 2015-09-03 2017-03-09 The Exone Company Dispositif de sur-revêtement de poudre à évacuation à treillis activé de façon sélective pour impression en trois dimensions
WO2017205289A1 (fr) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 The Exone Company Dispositif de réenduction à poudre fine pour imprimante 3d

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0431924A2 (fr) 1989-12-08 1991-06-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Techniques d'impression tri-dimensionnelle
CN101885062B (zh) * 2010-07-28 2012-05-02 武汉滨湖机电技术产业有限公司 快速成型自动送粉铺粉装置
WO2017040521A1 (fr) * 2015-09-03 2017-03-09 The Exone Company Dispositif de sur-revêtement de poudre à évacuation à treillis activé de façon sélective pour impression en trois dimensions
WO2017205289A1 (fr) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 The Exone Company Dispositif de réenduction à poudre fine pour imprimante 3d

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3758920A1 (fr) 2021-01-06
DE102018001510A1 (de) 2019-08-29

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