WO2019165971A1 - 一种基于新能源科技的铲土机 - Google Patents

一种基于新能源科技的铲土机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019165971A1
WO2019165971A1 PCT/CN2019/076306 CN2019076306W WO2019165971A1 WO 2019165971 A1 WO2019165971 A1 WO 2019165971A1 CN 2019076306 W CN2019076306 W CN 2019076306W WO 2019165971 A1 WO2019165971 A1 WO 2019165971A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resistor
cab
transistor
mounting seat
new energy
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PCT/CN2019/076306
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高伟
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淄博名堂教育科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019165971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019165971A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80—Component parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80—Component parts
    • E02F3/84—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power shovel, in particular to a power shovel based on new energy technology.
  • the bulldozer is an engineering vehicle with a large metal dozer in front. When used, the bulldozer is lowered, the mud, sand and stones are pushed forward and pushed. The position and angle of the dozer can be adjusted.
  • the bulldozer can complete the excavation, earth moving and unloading work separately, and has the characteristics of flexible operation, convenient rotation, small working face and fast driving speed. It is mainly suitable for shallow excavation and short-distance transportation of one to three types of soil, such as site cleaning or leveling, foundation pits with little excavation depth and backfilling, and pushing subgrades with low height.
  • the dust generated during the work of the bulldozer causes the cleanliness of the working environment to be poor; when working at night, the lighting needs to be connected to the power source, which not only occupies a large space but also consumes electric energy; in addition, the current bulldozer moves slowly. Affect work efficiency.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a power shovel based on new energy technology includes a mount, a cab, a blade and a photovoltaic power generation device.
  • the mount is disposed at an upper end of the moving mechanism, and an energy storage battery is disposed inside the mount, and the photovoltaic power generation device passes The electric wire is connected to the energy storage battery, and an anti-plug baffle is disposed between the mounting seat and the moving mechanism, the cab is disposed at an upper end of the mounting seat, and an exhaust device and a transparent window are disposed on the cab, on the right side of the cab
  • a vacuum cleaner and a dust box are arranged, a fan is arranged at the inner top of the cab, a photovoltaic power generation device is arranged at the upper end of the cab, a drive motor is arranged at the upper right end of the mount, and an engine casing is arranged outside the drive motor.
  • the engine casing is provided with a chimney, a fueling device and a lighting device, the hydraulic device is connected to the mounting
  • the energy storage battery is composed of a plurality of storage batteries connected in series with each other.
  • the photovoltaic power generation device includes a photoelectric conversion portion and a charge control portion, wherein the charging portion includes a resistor R1, a MOS transistor Q1, a diode D2, and an inductor L1, and one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power source VCC and the MOS transistor Q1.
  • the drain, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the resistor R2 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the transistor V1, the base of the transistor V1 is connected to the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the capacitor C2 and the potential
  • the sliding end of the RP1 the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the inductor L1 and the cathode of the diode D2, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1 and the capacitor C1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the resistor R4 and the anode of the storage battery pack E
  • the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to a fixed end of the potentiometer RP1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the sliding end of the capacitor C2 and the potentiometer RP1, and the other fixed end of the potentiometer RP
  • the photoelectric conversion portion includes a solar panel T, a triode V2, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6.
  • One end of the solar panel T is connected to the collector of the transistor V2 and the resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the transistor V2.
  • the base and the resistor R6, the other end of the electric group R6 is connected to the other end of the solar panel T and the ground, and the emitter of the transistor V2 outputs a voltage VCC.
  • the cab is provided with an air conditioner.
  • the photovoltaic power generation device is connected to a battery.
  • the hydraulic device includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic rod.
  • the invention has simple and reasonable structure design, convenient and quick operation, high practicability, vacuum function, improved cleanness of working environment, fan installed in the cab, can provide cooling effect for the driver, and the moving speed is fast. There will be no clogging of the lower wheel, stable walking, stable operation of the equipment, and the entire machinery adopts electric energy supply, and is powered by solar energy, which meets the needs of the country's new energy development at the current stage, and has the advantages of green environmental protection and low use cost.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a power shovel based on new energy technology.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the charging control section.
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a photoelectric conversion portion.
  • a power shovel based on new energy technology includes a mount 1, a cab 2, a blade 10, and a photovoltaic power generation device 15, and the inside of the mount 1 is provided with a storage.
  • the battery 19, the photovoltaic power generation device 15 is connected to the energy storage battery 19 via an electric wire 18, the mounting seat 1 is disposed at the upper end of the moving mechanism 6, and an anti-plug baffle 17 is disposed between the mounting seat 1 and the moving mechanism 6, the driving
  • the chamber 2 is disposed at an upper end of the mount 1, and the cab 2 is provided with an exhaust device 3 and a transparent window 4, and a vacuum cleaner 13 and a dust box 14 are disposed on the right side of the cab 2 at the inner top of the cab 2
  • a fan 5 is provided, a photovoltaic power generation device 15 is disposed at an upper end of the cab 2, and a drive motor 8 is disposed at an upper right end of the mount 1, and an engine casing 7 is disposed outside the drive motor 8, and an engine casing 7 is disposed on the engine casing 7.
  • the chimney 11, the fueling device 12, and the illuminating device 16, the hydraulic device 9 is connected to the mount 1 through the engine casing 7, and the blade 10 is provided at the right end of
  • the working principle of the invention is:
  • the invention relates to a bulldozer.
  • the moving mechanism 6 can move quickly and is easy to transfer. Since the anti-plug baffle 17 is provided, there is no clogging of the lower wheel, and it is convenient to move in the cab.
  • the vacuum cleaner 13 is provided on the 2 to protect the driver well, avoiding the driver inhaling too much dust and causing damage to the body.
  • the cab 2 is provided with a fan 5, which can cool the driver and cool the weather when the weather is hot.
  • the device 16 is capable of providing illumination during nighttime operation, which is very convenient and practical.
  • the whole machine is powered by solar power.
  • the charging process of the electric energy is shown in Figure 2-3.
  • the solar panel T completes the photoelectric conversion and outputs the voltage.
  • This voltage is passed through the voltage protection circuit composed of the resistor R5, the resistor R6 and the transistor V2.
  • V2 When the voltage of T is sufficient, V2 is turned on, and the direct current is output from the emitter to the circuit.
  • the MOS transistor Q1 After the voltage division of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 is applied to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, the MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, and the battery E is charged after passing through the inductor L1 and the diode D1, and the resistor R4 and the potentiometer RP1 in the circuit are combined.
  • the voltage module the sampling voltage drawn from the sliding end of the potentiometer RP1 is applied to the base of the transistor V1.
  • the sampling voltage is low, which is insufficient to turn on the transistor V1.
  • the voltage of the battery E rises continuously. High, when fully charged, the voltage of the base of the transistor V1 reaches a critical value, and the transistor V1 is turned on, thereby bypassing the gate voltage of the MOS transistor Q1, so the MOS transistor is turned off, the battery stops charging, and the capacitor C2 can Prevent jitter near the critical point of the voltage.
  • the invention has simple and reasonable structure design, convenient and quick operation, high practicability, vacuum function, improved cleanness of working environment, fan installed in the cab, can provide cooling effect for the driver, and the moving speed is fast. There will be no clogging of the lower wheel, stable walking, stable operation of the equipment, and the entire machinery adopts electric energy supply, and is powered by solar energy, which meets the needs of the country's new energy development at the current stage, and has the advantages of green environmental protection and low use cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于新能源科技的铲土机，包括安装座（1）、驾驶室（2）、铲刀（10）和光伏发电装置（5），安装座（1）设置在移动机构（6）的上端，安装座（1）的内部设有储能蓄电池（19），光伏发电装置（5）通过电线（18）连接储能蓄电池（19），在安装座（1）与移动机构（6）之间设置有防塞挡板（17），驾驶室（2）设置在安装座（1）的上端，在驾驶室（2）上设置有排气装置（3）和透明窗（4）。

Description

一种基于新能源科技的铲土机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种铲土机，具体是一种基于新能源科技的铲土机。
背景技术
推土机是一种工程车辆，前方装有大型的金属推土刀，使用时放下推土刀，向前铲削并推送泥、沙及石块等，推土刀位置和角度可以调整。推土机能单独完成挖土、运土和卸土工作，具有操作灵活、转动方便、所需工作面小、行驶速度快等特点。其主要适用于一至三类土的浅挖短运，如场地清理或平整，开挖深度不大的基坑以及回填，推筑高度不大的路基等。目前推土机工作过程中会产生的尘土导致工作环境的清洁度较差；在夜晚工作时，需要将照明灯与电源连接不仅占用较大空间还需要消耗电能；此外目前的推土机移动起来都比较缓慢，影响工作效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于新能源科技的铲土机，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种基于新能源科技的铲土机，包括安装座、驾驶室、铲刀和光伏发电装置，所述安装座设置在移动机构的上端，安装座的内部设有储能蓄电池，光伏发电装置通过电线连接储能蓄电池，在安装座与移动机构之间设置有防塞挡板，所述驾驶室设置在安装座的上端，在驾驶室上设置有排气装置和透明窗，在驾驶室的右侧设置有吸尘器和集尘箱，在驾驶室的内部顶端设置有风扇，在驾驶室的上端设置有光伏发电装置，在安装座的右上端设置有驱动电机，驱动电机的外侧设置有发动机壳，在发动机壳上设置有出烟囱、加油装置和照明装置，液压装置穿过发动机壳连接安装座，在液压装置的右端设置有铲刀。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述储能蓄电池由多个相互串联连接的蓄电池组成。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述光伏发电装置包括光电转换部分和充电控制部分，其中充电部分包括电阻R1、MOS管Q1、二极管D2和电感L1，电阻R1的一端连接电源VCC和MOS管Q1的漏极，电阻R1的另一端连接电阻 R2和MOS管Q1的栅极，电阻R2的另一端连接三极管V1的集电极，三极管V1的基极连接电阻R3，电阻R3的另一端连接电容C2和电位器RP1的滑动端，MOS管Q1的源极连接电感L1和二极管D2的阴极，电感L1的另一端连接二极管D1的阳极和电容C1，二极管D1的阴极连接电阻R4和储能蓄电池组E的正极，电阻R4的另一端连接电位器RP1的一个固定端，电阻R3的另一端连接电容C2和电位器RP1的滑动端，电位器RP1的另一个固定端连接电容C1的另一端、电容C2的另一端、二极管D2的阳极、储能蓄电池组E的负极、三极管V1的发射极和地。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述光电转换部分包括太阳能板T、三极管V2、电阻R5和电阻R6，太阳能板T的一端连接三极管V2的集电极和电阻R5，电阻R5的另一端连接三极管V2的基极和电阻R6，电组R6的另一端连接太阳能板T的另一端和地，三极管V2的发射极输出电压VCC。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述驾驶室内设置有空调。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述光伏发电装置连接蓄电池。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述液压装置包括液压缸和液压杆。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明在结构上设计简单合理，使用起来操作方便快捷，实用性很高，具有吸尘功能，提高工作环境的清洁度，驾驶室内设置有风扇，可以为驾驶员提供降温作用，且移动速度快，不会出现下轮堵塞现象，行走平稳，设备运行稳定，同时整个机械采用电能供给，且是由太阳能供电，符合现阶段国家新能源发展需求，具有绿色环保，使用成本低的优点。
附图说明
图1为基于新能源科技的铲土机的结构示意图。
图2为充电控制部分电路图。
图3为光电转换部分电路图。
图中：1-安装座、2-驾驶室、3-排气装置、4-透明窗、5-风扇、6-移动机构、7-发动机壳、8-驱动电机、9-液压装置、10-铲刀、11-出烟囱、12-加油装置、13-吸尘器、14-集尘箱、15-光伏发电装置、16-照明装置、17-防塞挡板、18-电线、19-储能蓄电池。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-3，本发明实施例中，一种基于新能源科技的铲土机，包括安装座1、驾驶室2、铲刀10和光伏发电装置15，安装座1的内部设有储能蓄电池19，光伏发电装置15通过电线18连接储能蓄电池19，所述安装座1设置在移动机构6的上端，在安装座1与移动机构6之间设置有防塞挡板17，所述驾驶室2设置在安装座1的上端，在驾驶室2上设置有排气装置3和透明窗4，在驾驶室2的右侧设置有吸尘器13和集尘箱14，在驾驶室2的内部顶端设置有风扇5，在驾驶室2的上端设置有光伏发电装置15，在安装座1的右上端设置有驱动电机8，驱动电机8的外侧设置有发动机壳7，在发动机壳7上设置有出烟囱11、加油装置12和照明装置16，液压装置9穿过发动机壳7连接安装座1，在液压装置9的右端设置有铲刀10。
本发明的工作原理是：
本发明涉及一种推土机，本推土机在工作时，移动机构6能够快速的移动，易于转移，由于设置有防塞挡板17，所以不会出现下轮堵塞的情况，移动起来比较方便，在驾驶室2上设置有吸尘器13能够很好的保护驾驶员，避免驾驶员吸入太多的灰尘，对身体造成伤害，驾驶室2内设置有风扇5，能够在天气炎热时为驾驶员降温解暑，照明装置16能够在夜间开工时提供照明功能，非常方便实用。整个机械采用太阳能发电的方式供电，电能的充电过程如图2-3所示，太阳能板T完成光电转换并输出电压，此电压经过电阻R5、电阻R6和三极管V2组成的电压保护电路中，由于R5和R6的分压作用，当T的输出电压不足时，三极管V2会截止，达到欠压保护的目的，T的电压充足时，V2导通，从其发射极输出直流电到电路中，此电压通过电阻R1和电阻R2的分压后加在MOS管Q1的栅极，MOS管Q1导通，经过电感L1、二极管D1后给蓄电池E进行充电，同时电路中的电阻R4和电位器RP1组成分压模块，从电位器RP1的滑动端引出的取样电压加在三极管V1的基极，充电时，取样电压较低，不足以使三极管V1 导通，随着充电的进行，蓄电池E的电压不断升高，当充满电后，三极管V1基极电压达到临界值，三极管V1导通，从而旁路MOS管Q1的栅极电压，因此MOS管关闭，蓄电池停止充电，电容C2能够防止电压临界点附近的抖动。
本发明在结构上设计简单合理，使用起来操作方便快捷，实用性很高，具有吸尘功能，提高工作环境的清洁度，驾驶室内设置有风扇，可以为驾驶员提供降温作用，且移动速度快，不会出现下轮堵塞现象，行走平稳，设备运行稳定，同时整个机械采用电能供给，且是由太阳能供电，符合现阶段国家新能源发展需求，具有绿色环保，使用成本低的优点。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，包括安装座(1)、驾驶室(2)、铲刀(10)和光伏发电装置(15)，所述安装座(1)设置在移动机构(6)的上端，安装座(1)的内部设有储能蓄电池(19)，光伏发电装置(15)通过电线(18)连接储能蓄电池(19)，在安装座(1)与移动机构(6)之间设置有防塞挡板(17)，所述驾驶室(2)设置在安装座(1)的上端，在驾驶室(2)上设置有排气装置(3)和透明窗(4)，在驾驶室(2)的右侧设置有吸尘器(13)和集尘箱(14)，在驾驶室(2)的内部顶端设置有风扇(5)，在驾驶室(2)的上端设置有光伏发电装置(15)，在安装座(1)的右上端设置有驱动电机(8)，驱动电机(8)的外侧设置有发动机壳(7)，在发动机壳(7)上设置有出烟囱(11)、加油装置(12)和照明装置(16)，液压装置(9)穿过发动机壳(7)连接安装座(1)，在液压装置(9)的右端设置有铲刀(10)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，所述储能蓄电池(19)由多个相互串联连接的蓄电池组成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，所述光伏发电装置(15)包括光电转换部分和充电控制部分，其中充电部分包括电阻R1、MOS管Q1、二极管D2和电感L1，电阻R1的一端连接电源VCC和MOS管Q1的漏极，电阻R1的另一端连接电阻R2和MOS管Q1的栅极，电阻R2的另一端连接三极管V1的集电极，三极管V1的基极连接电阻R3，电阻R3的另一端连接电容C2和电位器RP1的滑动端，MOS管Q1的源极连接电感L1和二极管D2的阴极，电感L1的另一端连接二极管D1的阳极和电容C1，二极管D1的阴极连接电阻R4和储能蓄电池组E的正极，电阻R4的另一端连接电位器RP1的一个固定端，电阻R3的另一端连接电容C2和电位器RP1的滑动端，电位器RP1的另一个固定端连接电容C1的另一端、电容C2的另一端、二极管D2的阳极、储能蓄电池组E的负极、三极管V1的发射极和地。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，所述光电转换部分包括太阳能板T、三极管V2、电阻R5和电阻R6，太阳能板T的一端连接三极管V2的集电极和电阻R5，电阻R5的另一端连接三极管V2的基极和电阻R6，电组R6的另一端连接太阳能板T的另一端和地，三极管V2的发射极输出电压VCC。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，所述驾驶室(2)内设置有空调。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，所述光伏发电装置(15)连接蓄电池。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于新能源科技的铲土机，其特征在于，所述液压装置(9)包括液压缸和液压杆。
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