WO2019163817A1

WO2019163817A1 - Image display device, head-up display system, and moving body

Info

Publication number: WO2019163817A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/006294
Authority: WO
Inventors: 薫草深
Original assignee: 京セラ株式会社
Priority date: 2018-02-26
Filing date: 2019-02-20
Publication date: 2019-08-29
Also published as: JP2019148638A; JP7188888B2

Abstract

This image display device (1) is provided with: an active area (31) for emitting image light; a first optical element (4); and a second optical element (5). The active area (31) emits the image light. The first optical element (4) and the second optical element (5) are disposed along the active area (31) at different positions in the normal direction of the active area (31). The first optical element (4) is configured to define the beam direction of a first part of the image light emitted from the active area so that the first part of the image light propagates to a first user. The first optical element (4) is configured to define the beam direction of a second part of the image light different from the first part of the image light so that the second part propagates to a second user positioned side by side with the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. The second optical element (5) is configured to define the beam direction of a third part included in the first part of the image light so that the third part propagates to a first eye of the first user. The second optical element (5) is configured to define the beam direction of a fourth part different from the third part included in the first part of the image light so that the fourth part propagates to a second eye of the first user.

Description

Image display device, head-up display system, and moving body

Cross-reference of related applications

This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-031770 filed on Feb. 26, 2018, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

The present disclosure relates to an image display device, a head-up display system, and a moving object.

Conventionally, an image display device that displays a three-dimensional image is known. For example, Japanese translations of PCT publication No. 2013-521515 discloses that image light propagating to a user's left eye and right eye is defined by a lenticular lens. Thereby, the user's left eye visually recognizes some sub-pixels displayed on the left eye, and the right eye visually recognizes some other sub-pixels displayed on the right eye.

The image display device of the present disclosure includes an active area, a first optical element, and a second optical element. The active area emits image light. The first optical element is disposed along the active area. The second optical element is arranged along the active area at a position different from the first optical element in the normal direction of the active area. The first optical element is configured to define a light beam direction of the first portion of the image light so as to propagate the first portion of the image light emitted from the active area to a first user. . The first optical element propagates a second portion of the image light different from the first portion to a second user positioned alongside the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. It is comprised so that the light beam direction of the said 2nd part of the said image light may be prescribed | regulated. The second optical element is configured to define a light beam direction of the third portion so as to propagate a third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the first eye of the first user. The The second optical element has a light beam direction of the fourth portion so as to propagate a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the second eye of the first user. Is configured to prescribe.

The head-up display system of the present disclosure includes an image display device. The image display device includes an active area, a first optical element, and a second optical element. The active area emits image light. The first optical element is disposed along the active area. The second optical element is arranged along the active area at a position different from the first optical element in the normal direction of the active area. The first optical element is configured to define a light beam direction of the first portion of the image light so as to propagate the first portion of the image light emitted from the active area to a first user. . The first optical element propagates a second portion of the image light different from the first portion to a second user positioned alongside the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. It is comprised so that the light beam direction of the said 2nd part of the said image light may be prescribed | regulated. The second optical element is configured to define a light beam direction of the third portion so that a third portion included in the first portion of the image light is propagated to the first eye of the first user. Is done. The second optical element is configured to change a light beam direction of the image light so as to propagate a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the second eye of the first user. Configured to prescribe.

The moving body of the present disclosure includes an image display device. The image display device includes an active area, a first optical element, and a second optical element. The active area emits image light. The first optical element is disposed along the active area. The second optical element is arranged along the active area at a position different from the first optical element in the normal direction of the active area. The first optical element is configured to define a light beam direction of the first portion of the image light so as to propagate the first portion of the image light emitted from the active area to a first user. . The first optical element propagates a second portion of the image light different from the first portion to a second user positioned alongside the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. It is comprised so that the light beam direction of the said 2nd part of the said image light may be prescribed | regulated. The second optical element is configured to define a light beam direction of the third portion so as to propagate a third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the first eye of the first user. The The second optical element is configured to change a light beam direction of the image light so as to propagate a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the second eye of the first user. Configured to prescribe.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an image display device according to an embodiment as viewed from the vertical direction. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the display panel shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the depth direction. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the first parallax barrier shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the depth direction. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the first visible region and the second visible region. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a region on the display panel that the first user visually recognizes through the first parallax barrier. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the second parallax barrier illustrated in FIG. 1 as viewed from the depth direction. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the first left visible region and the first right visible region in the first visible region shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the display panel is viewed from the depth direction for explaining a region on the active area visually recognized by the left eye of the first user. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the image display device is viewed from the vertical direction for explaining a region on the active area visually recognized by the left eye of the first user. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the image display device according to the embodiment is viewed from the vertical direction. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a region on the display panel that is visually recognized when the left eye of the first user is displaced. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a HUD equipped with the image display apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a moving object on which the HUD shown in FIG. 12 is mounted.

The direction in which the desired image light propagates to each of the right eye and the left eye is elaborated so that a plurality of users can appropriately display different images, and at least one user can appropriately view a three-dimensional image. It is desired to control it.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Each drawing is schematic, and the dimensional ratio on the drawing does not always match the actual one.

As shown in FIG. 1, an image display device 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an irradiator 2, a display panel 3, a first parallax barrier (first optical element) 4, and a second parallax. A barrier (second optical element) 5 and a controller 6 are included.

The irradiator 2 can irradiate the display panel 3 in a plane. The irradiator 2 may include a light source, a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, and the like. The irradiator 2 is configured to emit irradiation light from a light source. The light guide plate, the diffusion plate, the diffusion sheet, and the like are configured to make the irradiation light uniform in the surface direction of the display panel 3. The irradiator 2 is configured to emit the uniformed light toward the display panel 3.

The display panel 3 may be a display panel such as a transmissive liquid crystal display panel. The display panel 3 may be operable to display various images on the active area 31 that is a planar member. The active area 31 is configured to emit image light. In the present disclosure, the active area 31 of the display panel 3 in a space that is visually captured by the user is used as a display surface. When the user views the active area 31 of the display panel 3 as a real image, the display surface matches the position of the real image of the active area 31 of the display panel 3. When the user grasps the active area 31 of the display panel 3 as a real image, the user visually grasps the active area 31 in the substance of the display panel 3 as a display surface. When the user views the active area 31 of the display panel 3 as a virtual image, the display surface matches the position of the virtual image of the active area 31 of the display panel 3. When the user captures the active area 31 of the display panel 3 as a virtual image, the user visually captures the active area 31 on the display surface in a space where the display panel 3 does not exist.

As shown in FIG. 2, the display panel 3 is configured to have an active area 31 including a first area and a partitioned area partitioned in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction. The first direction is a direction along the direction connecting both eyes of the user. The normal direction of the active area 31 of the display panel 3 that is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction is referred to as a third direction. In the image display device 1 of a type in which the user directly views the display panel 3, the first direction is the horizontal direction viewed from the user, and the second direction is the vertical direction viewed from the user. For example, the first direction may be referred to as the horizontal direction. The second direction may be referred to as the vertical direction. The third direction may be referred to as the depth direction. However, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are not limited to the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, and the depth direction, respectively. In the drawing, the first direction is represented as the x-axis direction, the second direction is represented as the y-axis direction, and the third direction is represented as the z-axis direction.

Each sub-region corresponds to one subpixel. Each subpixel corresponds to one of R (Red), G (Green), and B (Blue). The color of each subpixel is not limited to R, G, and B, and may include other colors such as white, for example. The three subpixels R, G, and B can constitute one pixel as a set. The number of subpixels constituting one pixel is not limited to three, and may be any number of one or more. One pixel can be referred to as one pixel. The horizontal direction is, for example, a direction in which a plurality of subpixels constituting one pixel are arranged. The vertical direction is, for example, a direction in which sub-pixels of the same color are arranged.

As described above, a plurality of subpixels arranged in the active area 31 constitute a subpixel group. The subpixel is configured to include a first subpixel group Pg1 and a second subpixel group Pg2. The first sub-pixel group Pg1 and the second sub-pixel group Pg2 are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction and are alternately repeated. The first subpixel group Pg1 and the second subpixel group Pg2 are repeatedly arranged adjacent to a position shifted by one subpixel in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction.

The first subpixel group Pg1 includes a first left subpixel group Pg1L and a first right subpixel group Pg1R. The first left subpixel group Pg1L and the first right subpixel group Pg1R are arranged adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction. The second subpixel group Pg2 includes a second left subpixel group Pg2L and a second right subpixel group Pg2R. The second left subpixel group Pg2L and the second right subpixel group Pg2R are arranged adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction.

The first left subpixel group Pg1L is configured to include predetermined row and column subpixels. For example, the first left sub-pixel group Pg1L includes b (b rows) in the vertical direction, n (n columns) in the horizontal direction, and (n × b) (sequentially, n × b). = M)) subpixels P1 to Pm. The first right subpixel group Pg1R includes subpixels in predetermined rows and columns that are the same as those of the first left subpixel group Pg1L. For example, the first right sub-pixel group Pg1R may include m sub-pixels P (m + 1) to P (2 × m) arranged in succession, n in the horizontal direction and b in the vertical direction.

The arrangement of subpixels in the second left subpixel group Pg2L is the same as the arrangement of subpixels in the first left subpixel group Pg1L. The arrangement of subpixels in the second right subpixel group Pg2R is the same as the arrangement of subpixels in the first right subpixel group Pg1R.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the active area 31 includes a first left sub-pixel group Pg1L including four sub-pixels P1 to P4 arranged in succession, two in the vertical direction and two in the horizontal direction. Be placed. The active area 31 includes four subpixels P5 to P8 that are adjacent to the first left subpixel group Pg1L in the horizontal direction and are continuously arranged with two in the vertical direction and two in the horizontal direction. One right subpixel group Pg1R is arranged. In the active area 31, the second left subpixel group Pg2L is disposed on the opposite side of the first right subpixel group Pg1R in the horizontal direction from the first left subpixel group Pg1L. In the active area 31, the second right subpixel group Pg2R is disposed on the opposite side of the second left subpixel group Pg2L in the horizontal direction from the first right subpixel group Pg1R.

The first parallax barrier 4 is formed by a plane along the active area 31 as shown in FIG. The first parallax barrier 4 is disposed along the active area 31. For example, the first parallax barrier 4 is disposed to face one surface (first surface) of the active area 31. For example, the first parallax barrier 4 is arranged at a predetermined distance (first gap) g1 on the side opposite to the irradiator 2 with respect to the active area 31. A method for defining the first gap g1 will be described in detail later.

Specifically, the first parallax barrier 4 is configured to have a plurality of dimming surfaces 41 for dimming image light. The plurality of light reducing surfaces 41 are configured to define a light transmitting region 42 between the light reducing surfaces 41 adjacent to each other. The light transmitting region 42 is a portion that transmits light incident on the first parallax barrier 4. The light transmitting region 42 has a higher light transmittance than the light reducing surface 41. The light reducing surface 41 has a light transmittance lower than that of the light transmitting region 42.

The light transmitting region 42 may transmit light with a transmittance equal to or higher than the first predetermined value. The first predetermined value may be 100%, for example, or a value close to 100%. If the image light emitted from the active area 31 is in a range in which the image light can be viewed well, the first predetermined value may be a value of 100% or less, for example, 80% or 50%. The light reducing surface 41 may be a portion that reduces light incident on the first parallax barrier 4. In other words, the light reduction surface 41 can reduce the image displayed on the image display device 1. Alternatively, the light reduction surface 41 may be a portion that reduces the light incident on the first parallax barrier 4 so as to be difficult for the user to see. In other words, the light reduction surface 41 can reduce the visibility of an image displayed on the image display device 1. The light reducing surface 41 may attenuate light with a transmittance equal to or lower than the second predetermined value. The second predetermined value may be 0%, for example, or a value close to 0%. The first predetermined value is a value smaller than 50%, for example, 10%, as long as a sufficient contrast can be secured between the light transmitted through the light transmitting region 42 and the light transmitted through the light reducing surface 41. Good. A sufficient contrast ratio may be, for example, 100: 1 or more.

As shown in FIG. 3, the translucent regions 42 and the light reducing surfaces 41 extend in a predetermined direction along the active area 31 and are alternately and repeatedly arranged in a direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction. The predetermined direction is a direction that forms a predetermined angle other than 0 degree with respect to the vertical direction. If the line indicating the end of the light-transmitting region 42 extends in the second direction, moire may occur between the opening pattern of the first parallax barrier 4 and the pixel pattern displayed on the display panel 3. is there. When the line indicating the end of the light transmitting region 42 extends in a predetermined direction having a predetermined angle that is not 0 degrees with respect to the second direction, the occurrence of moiré is reduced in the display image.

The first parallax barrier 4 is configured to define the light beam direction of the image light emitted from the sub-pixel for each of the translucent areas 42 which are a plurality of band-like areas extending in a predetermined direction in the plane. The first parallax barrier 4 is configured to define a light beam direction so that a part of image light emitted from the active area 31 is propagated to the first user. The first parallax barrier 4 is configured to define the light beam direction so that the remaining part of the image light is propagated to the second user positioned side by side with the first user. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the area | region on the active area 31 which can respectively visually recognize a 1st user and a 2nd user's eyes is decided. Hereinafter, an area visible to the first user is referred to as a first visible area 311. An area on the active area 31 that can be viewed by the second user is referred to as a second visible area 312.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first barrier pitch Bp1, which is the arrangement interval of the light transmitting regions 42 of the first parallax barrier 4, and the first gap g1 between the active area 31 and the first parallax barrier 4 are It is defined that the following expressions (1) and (2) hold. In the expressions (1) and (2), the first image pitch k1 is an arrangement interval between the first subpixel group Pg1 and the second subpixel group Pg2, as shown in FIG. The first suitable viewing distance d1 is a distance between the user's eyes and the first parallax barrier 4 such that the horizontal length of the first visible region 311 is ½ of the first image pitch k1. . The inter-user distance L is a distance between the center of both eyes of the first user and the center of both eyes of the second user. When the interocular distance E between the first user and the second user is the same, the inter-user distance L is determined by the first user's left eye (first eye) and the second user's left eye. Is the distance between. The inter-user distance L is the distance between the first user's right eye (second eye) and the second user's right eye.
L: d1 = k1 / 2: g1 Formula (1)
d1: Bp1 = (d1 + g1): k1 Formula (2)

The first parallax barrier 4 may be composed of a film or a plate-like member having a transmittance less than the second predetermined value. In this case, the dimming surface 41 is composed of the film or the plate member. The translucent area 42 is composed of an opening provided in the film or plate member. A film may be comprised with resin and may be comprised with another material. The plate-like member may be made of resin or metal, or may be made of other materials. The 1st parallax barrier 4 is not restricted to a film or a plate-shaped member, You may be comprised with another kind of member. As for the 1st parallax barrier 4, a base material may have a light-reducing property and the additive which has a light-reducing property may be contained in a base material. The first parallax barrier 4 may be configured such that a light-reducing member is partially overlapped on a light-transmitting substrate. The 1st parallax barrier 4 can be set as the structure by which the member which has light attenuation property was added to a part of base material which has translucency.

The first parallax barrier 4 may be composed of a liquid crystal shutter. The liquid crystal shutter can control the light transmittance according to the applied voltage. The liquid crystal shutter may be composed of a plurality of pixels and may control the light transmittance in each pixel. The liquid crystal shutter may be formed in an arbitrary shape with a region having a high light transmittance or a region having a low light transmittance. When the 1st parallax barrier 4 is comprised with a liquid-crystal shutter, the translucent area | region 42 is good as an area | region which has the transmittance | permeability more than a 1st predetermined value. When the 1st parallax barrier 4 is comprised with a liquid-crystal shutter, the light reduction surface 41 is good also as an area | region which has the transmittance | permeability below a 2nd predetermined value. The first parallax barrier 4 includes a shutter panel that can be changed between a light transmission state and a light reduction state for each minute region. The shutter panel includes a MEMS shutter panel employing a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) shutter in addition to the liquid crystal shutter.

With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 4, the first parallax barrier 4 propagates a part (first part) of the image light emitted from the active area 31 to the first user. Thus, the light beam direction is defined. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the first parallax barrier 4 operates to propagate the image light emitted from the portion of the first subpixel group Pg1 included in the first visible region 311 to the eyes of the first user. It may be possible. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the first user visually recognizes the image displayed in the portion of the first subpixel group Pg1 included in the first visible region 311. The first parallax barrier 4 is configured to define a light beam direction so that a part (second part) different from the first part of the image light emitted from the active area 31 is propagated to the second user. . The second user is located side by side with the first user in the horizontal direction. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the first parallax barrier 4 operates to propagate the image light emitted from the portion of the second subpixel group Pg2 included in the second visible region 312 to the eyes of the second user. It may be possible. Therefore, the second user visually recognizes an image displayed by the second subpixel group Pg2 included in the second visible region 312.

The second parallax barrier 5 is formed by a plane along the active area 31. The second parallax barrier 5 has a plurality of dimming surfaces 51 for dimming image light. The plurality of light reducing surfaces 51 are configured to define a light transmitting region 52 between the light reducing surfaces 51 adjacent to each other. The second parallax barrier 5 is disposed along the active area 31 at a position different from the first parallax barrier 4 in the depth direction. For example, the second parallax barrier 5 is disposed to face the second surface of the active area 31 opposite to the first surface. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the second parallax barrier 5 is disposed at a predetermined distance (second gap) g <b> 2 on the irradiator 2 side with respect to the active area 31. A method for defining the second gap g2 will be described in detail later.

The second parallax barrier 5 is configured to define the light beam direction of the image light defined by the first parallax barrier 4 for each of a plurality of band-like regions. Specifically, the second parallax barrier 5 has a plurality of dimming surfaces 51 for dimming image light. The plurality of light reducing surfaces 51 are configured to define a light transmitting region 52 between the light reducing surfaces 51 adjacent to each other. As shown in FIG. 6, the second parallax barrier 5 has a light beam direction that is a propagation direction of image light emitted from the sub-pixel for each of the light-transmitting regions 52 that are a plurality of band-like regions extending in a predetermined direction in the plane. Is configured to prescribe. The predetermined direction is the same direction as the direction in which the light transmitting region 42 and the light reducing surface 41 in the first parallax barrier 4 extend.

The light transmitting region 52 may transmit light with a transmittance equal to or higher than a third predetermined value. The third predetermined value may be 100%, for example, or a value close to 100%. If the image light emitted from the active area 31 is in a range where the image light can be satisfactorily viewed, the third predetermined value may be a value of 100% or less, such as 80% or 50%. The light reduction surface 51 can be a portion that reduces light incident on the second parallax barrier 5. In other words, the light reduction surface 51 can reduce the image displayed on the image display device 1. Alternatively, the light reduction surface 51 may be a portion that reduces the light incident on the second parallax barrier 5 so as to be difficult for the user to see. In other words, the light reduction surface 51 can reduce the visibility of the image displayed on the image display device 1. The light reducing surface 51 may attenuate light with a transmittance equal to or lower than a fourth predetermined value. The fourth predetermined value may be, for example, 0% or a value close to 0%. The third predetermined value is a value smaller than 50%, for example, 10%, as long as sufficient contrast can be secured between the light transmitted through the light transmitting region 52 and the light transmitted through the light reducing surface 51. Good. A sufficient contrast ratio may be, for example, 100: 1 or more.

The second parallax barrier 5 transmits a part of the image light emitted from the first visible region 311 to the left eye of the first user and the other part to the right eye of the first user. It is comprised so that the advancing direction of image light may be prescribed | regulated. By defining the image light emitted from the sub-pixel by the second parallax barrier 5, as shown in FIG. 7, the left eye and the right eye of the first user can be visually recognized in the first visible region 311. A region on the active area 31 is determined. Hereinafter, a region in the first visible region 311 that is visible to the left eye of the first user is referred to as a first left visible region 311L. An area in the first visible area 311 that is visible to the right eye of the first user is referred to as a first right visible area 311R.

The second parallax barrier 5 propagates a part of the image light emitted from the second visible region 312 to the left eye of the second user and another part to the right eye of the second user. It is comprised so that the advancing direction of image light may be prescribed | regulated. The second parallax barrier 5 defines the image light emitted from the sub-pixels, so that the region on the active area 31 in the second visible region 312 that can be visually recognized by the left eye and the right eye of the second user. Is determined. Hereinafter, a region in the second visible region 312 that is visible to the left eye of the first user is referred to as a second left visible region 312L. A region in the second visible region 312 that is visible to the right eye of the second user is referred to as a second right visible region 312R.

As shown in FIG. 7, the second barrier pitch Bp2 that is the arrangement interval of the light transmitting regions 52 of the second parallax barrier 5 and the second gap g2 between the active area 31 and the second parallax barrier 5 are It is defined so that the following expressions (3) and (4) hold. In Expressions (3) and (4), the second image pitch k2 is the horizontal width of the first subpixel group Pg1. The second image pitch k2 is also the horizontal width of the second subpixel group Pg2. The second suitable viewing distance d2 is the distance between the user's eyes and the second parallax barrier 5. The interocular distance E is the distance between the user's right eye and left eye.
E: d2 = k2 / 2: g2 Formula (3)
d2: Bp2 = (d2-g2): k2 Formula (4)

The second parallax barrier 5 may be composed of a film or a plate-like member having a transmittance less than a fourth predetermined value. In this case, the light-reducing surface 51 is composed of the film or plate member. The translucent area 52 is configured by an opening provided in a film or a plate-like member. The second parallax barrier 5 may be composed of a shutter panel.

With this configuration, the second parallax barrier 5 propagates a part (third part) included in the first part of the image light emitted from the active area 31 to the left eye of the first user. It is comprised so that image light may be prescribed | regulated. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second parallax barrier 5 causes the image light emitted from the first left subpixel group Pg1L in the first subpixel group Pg1 to propagate to the left eye of the first user. Is configured to prescribe. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the first user visually recognizes the portion of the first left subpixel group Pg1L included in the first left visible region 311L through the second parallax barrier 5. The second parallax barrier 5 transmits a part (fourth part) different from the third part included in the first part of the image light emitted from the active area 31 to the right eye of the first user. It is configured to define a ray direction. In the example illustrated in FIG. 8, the second parallax barrier 5 causes the image light emitted from the first right subpixel group Pg1R of the first subpixel group Pg1 to propagate to the right eye of the first user. Is configured to prescribe. Therefore, the right eye of the first user visually recognizes the portion of the first right subpixel group Pg1R included in the first right visible region 311R through the second parallax barrier 5.

The second parallax barrier 5 defines the image light so that a part (fifth part) included in the second part of the image light emitted from the active area 31 is propagated to the left eye of the second user. Configured. Specifically, the second parallax barrier 5 defines the image light so that the image light emitted from the second left subpixel group Pg2L of the second subpixel group Pg2 is propagated to the left eye of the second user. Configured as follows. Accordingly, the second user visually recognizes the portion of the second left subpixel group Pg2L included in the second left visible region 312L through the second parallax barrier 5. The second parallax barrier 5 transmits a part (sixth part) different from the fifth part included in the second part of the image light emitted from the active area 31 to the right eye of the second user. It is comprised so that the light ray direction of image light may be prescribed | regulated. Specifically, the second parallax barrier 5 defines the image light so that the image light emitted from the second right subpixel group Pg2R of the second subpixel group Pg2 is propagated to the right eye of the second user. Configured as follows. Therefore, the second user visually recognizes the portion of the second right subpixel group Pg2R included in the second right visible region 312R through the second parallax barrier 5.

The controller 6 is connected to each component of the image display device 1 and can control each component. The components controlled by the controller 6 include the display panel 3. The controller 6 is configured as a processor, for example. The controller 6 may include one or more processors. The processor may include a general-purpose processor that reads a specific program and executes a specific function, and a dedicated processor specialized for a specific process. The dedicated processor may include an application specific IC (ASIC: Application Specific Circuit). The processor may include a programmable logic device (PLD: Programmable Logic Device). The PLD may include an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array). The controller 6 may be either SoC (System-on-a-Chip) in which one or a plurality of processors cooperate, and SiP (System-In-a-Package). The controller 6 includes a storage unit, and may store various information or a program for operating each component of the image display device 1 in the storage unit. The storage unit may be configured by, for example, a semiconductor memory. The storage unit may function as a work memory for the controller 6.

Here, the processing executed by the controller 6 will be described in detail. The controller 6 is configured to control an image to be displayed on the display panel 3 based on a control signal received by the image display device 1 or input to the image display device 1 by a user operation. Specifically, the controller 6 displays a three-dimensional image based on the control signal. The controller 6 may be configured to display a two-dimensional image in addition to the three-dimensional image. In this case, the second parallax barrier 5 is composed of a liquid crystal shutter. The controller 6 can switch the display image between the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional image based on the control signal.

(When displaying a three-dimensional image to the first user and the second user)
The controller 6 displays an image (three-dimensional image) having a parallax with each of the sub-pixels that emit image light portions (third portion and fourth portion) propagating to the left and right eyes of the first user. You may let me. The controller 6 may display images having parallax on each of the sub-pixels that emit portions of the image light (fifth portion and sixth portion) that propagate to the left and right eyes of the second user. For example, the controller 6 causes the first left sub-pixel group Pg1L and the first right sub-pixel group Pg1R to display the left eye image and the right eye image for the first user, respectively. The left eye image and the right eye image are images for three-dimensional display and have parallax. The controller 6 may be operable to display the left eye image and the right eye image for the second user on the second left subpixel group Pg2L and the second right subpixel group Pg2R, respectively.

(When displaying a three-dimensional image to the first user and displaying a two-dimensional image to the second user)
The controller 6 may display an image having a parallax on each of the sub-pixels that emit portions of the image light (third portion and fourth portion) that propagate to the left and right eyes of the first user. For example, the controller 6 outputs images having parallax to the subpixels of the first left subpixel group Pg1L and the first right subpixel group Pg1R, respectively, which emit image light propagating to the left eye and the right eye of the first user. You may display.

The controller 6 may display an image (two-dimensional image) that has no parallax on the sub-pixels that emit the part of the image light (second part) propagating to the left and right eyes of the second user. For example, the controller 6 may display an image having no parallax in the subpixels of the second left subpixel group Pg2L and the second right subpixel group Pg2R included in the second visible region 312. The controller 6 does not provide the dimming surface 51 in a portion corresponding to the second visible region 312 of the second parallax barrier 5. Specifically, the controller 6 uniformly sets the transmittance of the portion corresponding to the second visible region 312 of the liquid crystal shutter constituting the second parallax barrier 5 to be approximately the same as the transmittance of the light transmitting region 52. May be operable. Thereby, the image light of the two-dimensional image emitted from the second visible region 312 reaches both the right eye and the left eye of the second user. Therefore, the right image and the left eye of the second user visually recognize the same image.

(When displaying a two-dimensional image to the first user and the second user)
The controller 6 emits the first visible region 311 and the second visible region 312 that emit portions of the image light (first portion and second portion) that propagate to the left eye and the right eye of the first user and the second user, respectively. An image having no parallax may be displayed on each subpixel. Specifically, the controller 6 may be operable to display a two-dimensional image for the first user on the sub-pixels of the first left sub-pixel group Pg1L and the first right sub-pixel group Pg1R. The controller 6 may be operable to cause the subpixels of the second left subpixel group Pg2L and the second right subpixel group Pg2R to display a two-dimensional image for the second user. The controller 6 does not provide the dimming surface 51 on the second parallax barrier 5. Specifically, the controller 6 may be operable to make the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutters constituting the second parallax barrier 5 uniformly equal to the transmittance of the light transmitting region 52. Thereby, the image light of the two-dimensional image for the first user emitted from the active area 31 reaches both the right eye and the left eye of the first user. Therefore, the right eye and the left eye of the first user visually recognize the same two-dimensional image. The image light of the two-dimensional image for the second user emitted from the active area 31 reaches both the right eye and the left eye of the second user. The right eye and the left eye of the second user visually recognize the same two-dimensional image.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the image display device 1 is configured to include the first parallax barrier 4 disposed along the active area 31. The image display device 1 is configured to include a second parallax barrier 5 disposed along the active area 31 at a position different from the first parallax barrier 4 in the normal direction of the active area 31. And the 1st parallax barrier 4 is comprised so that the light ray direction of the 1st part of image light may be prescribed | regulated so that the 1st user may propagate the 1st part of the image light inject | emitted from the active area 31. . The first parallax barrier 4 is a light beam of the second part of the image light so that the second part different from the first part of the image light is propagated to the second user positioned side by side with the first user in the horizontal direction. Configured to define direction. The second parallax barrier 5 propagates the third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the first eye of the first user. The second parallax barrier 5 defines the light beam direction of the image light so as to propagate a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the second eye of the first user. Configured. Therefore, a plurality of users positioned side by side in the horizontal direction can visually recognize different images, and at least one user can visually recognize different images for the left eye and the right eye.

In the first embodiment, in the image display device 1, the first parallax barrier 4 defines the light beam direction so that a part of the image light emitted from the active area 31 is propagated to the first user. Configured. The first parallax barrier 4 is configured to define the light beam direction so as to propagate the remaining part of the image light to the second user. The second parallax barrier 5 causes a part of the image light to be propagated to the first user to propagate to the left eye of the first user and the remaining part to propagate to the right eye of the first user. Configured. Accordingly, the first user's eyes can visually recognize an image different from that of the second user. Furthermore, since the first user's left eye and right eye can visually recognize different images, the first user's left eye and right eye can propagate the images having parallax to each other. The user can visually recognize the three-dimensional image.

In the first embodiment, in the image display device 1, the second parallax barrier 5 causes a part of image light to be propagated to the second user to propagate to the left eye of the second user, and the remaining A part is configured to propagate to the right eye of the second user. Therefore, the first user and the second user can visually recognize different three-dimensional images. Furthermore, since the left eye and the right eye of the first user can visually recognize different images, the first user can visually recognize the three-dimensional image.

Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

The image display device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the first embodiment in that it communicates with the detection device 7 as shown in FIG. In the second embodiment, only the configuration different from the first embodiment will be described. The configuration that is not described in the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The detection device 7 is configured to detect the position of either the left eye or the right eye of the user and output it to the controller 6. The detection device 7 may include a camera, for example. The detection device 7 may photograph the user's face with a camera. The detection device 7 may detect the position of at least one of the left eye and the right eye from a captured image of the camera. The detection device 7 may detect the position of at least one of the left eye and the right eye as coordinates in a three-dimensional space from a captured image of one camera. The detection device 7 may detect the position of at least one of the left eye and the right eye as coordinates in a three-dimensional space from images captured by two or more cameras.

The detection device 7 does not include a camera and may be connected to a camera outside the device. The detection device 7 may include an input terminal for inputting a signal from a camera outside the device. The camera outside the apparatus may be directly connected to the input terminal. The camera outside the apparatus may be indirectly connected to the input terminal via a shared network. The detection device 7 that does not include a camera may include an input terminal through which the camera inputs a video signal. The detection device 7 that does not include a camera may detect the position of at least one of the left eye and the right eye from the video signal input to the input terminal.

The detection device 7 may include a sensor, for example. The sensor may be an ultrasonic sensor or an optical sensor. The detection device 7 may detect the position of the user's head using a sensor, and may detect the position of at least one of the left eye and the right eye based on the position of the head. The detection device 7 may detect the position of at least one of the left eye and the right eye as coordinates in a three-dimensional space with one or more sensors.

The detection device 7 may detect the movement distance of the left eye and the right eye along the arrangement direction of both eyes based on the detection result of at least one position of the left eye and the right eye.

The controller 6 is configured to determine the positions of the first left visible region 311L and the first right visible region 311R based on the position of the first user's eye detected by the detection device 7.

The controller 6 is configured to control an image to be displayed on each subpixel according to the positions of the first left visible area 311L and the first right visible area 311R determined based on the position of the eyes of the first user. The The method for controlling the image displayed by the controller 6 is the same as in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11, the image light is recognized by the user's left eye in the region 311L ′ where the first left visible region 311L is displaced by the displacement of the first user's left eye in the horizontal displacement position. Includes difficult or unreachable areas. For this reason, the left eye at the displacement position cannot visually recognize a part of the first left visible area 311L at the reference position and visually recognizes a part of the area that is not the first left visible area 311L. Therefore, crosstalk generated in the first user's eyes increases. In order to reduce this crosstalk, the controller 6 may change the image displayed on each subpixel of the display panel 3 according to the position of the user's eyes. For example, when the user is at the displacement position, the controller 6 may cause the left eye image to be displayed on the sub-pixel included in the region visually recognized by the user's left eye at the displacement position. At this time, the controller 6 may display the left-eye image for the first user on some of the sub-pixels that overlap with the second visible region 312 that is visually recognized by the second user. As a result, the second user may not be able to visually recognize a normal image. However, for example, when an appropriate three-dimensional image must be displayed for the first user even if the eye position of the first user is deviated from the reference position, crosstalk can be reduced. .

Although the above-described embodiment has been described as a representative example, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes and substitutions can be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the claims. For example, a plurality of constituent blocks described in the embodiments and examples can be combined into one, or one constituent block can be divided.

In the above-described embodiment, the first parallax barrier 4 is disposed between the display panel 3 and the irradiator 2. The second parallax barrier 5 is disposed on the side of the active area 31 opposite to the irradiator 2. However, the first parallax barrier 4 and the second parallax barrier 5 may be arranged on the same side of the active area 31 at different positions in the depth direction. Specifically, both the first parallax barrier 4 and the second parallax barrier 5 may be disposed between the display panel 3 and the irradiator 2. Both the first parallax barrier 4 and the second parallax barrier 5 may be disposed on the opposite side of the display panel 3 from the irradiator 2.

In the above-described embodiment, part of the image light emitted from the display panel 3 reaches the first user and the other part of the image light reaches the second user by the first parallax barrier 4. Thus, the traveling direction of the image light is defined. The traveling direction of the image light is such that part of the image light reaching the first user's eye by the second parallax barrier 5 reaches the left eye and the other part reaches the right eye. Was configured to be specified. However, the method for defining the traveling direction of the image light by the parallax barrier is not limited to this. For example, the second parallax barrier 5 causes the image light so that part of the image light emitted from the display panel 3 reaches the first user and the other part of the image light reaches the second user. The direction of travel may be defined. In this case, the first parallax barrier 4 advances the image light so that part of the image light reaching the first user's eye reaches the left eye and the other part reaches the right eye. Direction is defined.

In the above-described embodiment, the left eye is the first eye and the right eye is the second eye, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the left eye may be the second eye and the right eye may be the first eye.

In the second embodiment, the controller 6 is configured to determine the positions of the first left visible region 311L and the first right visible region 311R based on the position of the first user's eyes, but this is not restrictive. For example, the controller 6 may determine the positions of the second left visible region 312L and the second right visible region 312R based on the position of the second user's eyes. In this case, the controller 6 may control an image to be displayed on each subpixel according to the positions of the second left visible region 312L and the second right visible region 312R.

As shown in FIG. 12, the image display device 1 can be mounted on a head-up display system 100. The head up display system 100 is also referred to as a HUD (Head Up Up Display) 100. The HUD 100 includes the image display device 1, an optical member 110, and a projection member 120 having a projection surface 130. The HUD 100 causes the image light emitted from the image display device 1 to reach the projection target member 120 via the optical member 110. The HUD 100 may be operable to cause the image light reflected by the projection member 120 to reach the left and right eyes of the user. That is, the HUD 100 may be operable to advance image light from the image display device 1 to the left eye and right eye of the user along the optical path 140 indicated by a broken line. The user can visually recognize the image light that has reached along the optical path 140 as a virtual image 150. The image display apparatus 1 can provide a stereoscopic view according to the movement of the user by controlling the display according to the positions of the left eye and the right eye of the user.

The virtual image 150 includes a display surface as a virtual image of the active area 31.

The virtual image arrangement interval Bp1 ′ of the light-transmitting region 42 of the first parallax barrier 4 and the gap g1 ′ between the virtual image of the active area 31 and the virtual image of the first parallax barrier 4 are expressed by the following equations (5) and (5): (6) is defined to hold. In Expression (5) and Expression (6), k1 ′ is an arrangement interval between the virtual image of the first subpixel group Pg1 and the virtual image of the second subpixel group Pg2. d1 ′ is the distance between the user's eyes and the virtual image of the first parallax barrier 4.
L: d1 ′ = k1 ′ / 2: g1 ′ Formula (5)
d1 ′: Bp1 ′ = (d1 ′ + g1 ′): k1 ′ Equation (6)

The virtual image arrangement interval Bp2 ′ of the transparent region 52 of the second parallax barrier 5 and the gap g2 ′ between the virtual image of the active area 31 and the virtual image of the second parallax barrier 5 are expressed by the following equations (7) and (7). (8) is defined to hold. In Expression (7) and Expression (8), k2 ′ is the horizontal width of the virtual image of the first subpixel group Pg1. k2 ′ is also the horizontal width of the virtual image of the second subpixel group Pg2. d2 ′ is the distance between the user's eyes and the virtual image of the second parallax barrier 5.
E: d2 ′ = k2 ′ / 2: g2 ′ Formula (7)
d2 ′: Bp2 ′ = (d2′−g2 ′): k2 ′ Equation (8)

As shown in FIG. 13, the image display device 1 and the HUD 100 may be mounted on the moving body 10. A part of the configuration of the HUD 100 may be shared with other devices or parts included in the moving body 10. For example, the moving body 10 may also use the windshield as the projection target member 120. Other devices or parts included in the moving body 10 that are also used as a part of the configuration of the HUD 100 may be referred to as a HUD module.

The display panel 3 is not limited to a transmissive display panel, and other display panels such as a self-luminous display panel can also be used. The transmission type display panel includes a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) shutter type display panel in addition to the liquid crystal panel. The self-luminous display panel includes an organic EL (electro-luminescence) display panel and an inorganic EL display panel. When a self-luminous display panel is used as the display panel 3, the irradiator 2 is not necessary. When a self-luminous display panel is used as the display panel 3, the first parallax barrier 4 and the second parallax barrier 5 are configured to be positioned on the side of the display panel 3 where image light is emitted. .

“Moving object” in the present disclosure includes vehicles, ships, and aircraft. “Vehicle” in the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, automobiles and industrial vehicles, and may include railway vehicles, domestic vehicles, and fixed-wing aircraft that run on the runway. The automobile includes, but is not limited to, a passenger car, a truck, a bus, a two-wheeled vehicle, a trolley bus, and the like, and may include other vehicles that travel on the road. Industrial vehicles include industrial vehicles for agriculture and construction. Industrial vehicles include but are not limited to forklifts and golf carts. Industrial vehicles for agriculture include, but are not limited to, tractors, tillers, transplanters, binders, combines, and lawn mowers. Industrial vehicles for construction include, but are not limited to, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, crane trucks, dump trucks, and road rollers. Vehicles include those that travel by human power. The vehicle classification is not limited to the above. For example, an automobile may include an industrial vehicle capable of traveling on a road, and the same vehicle may be included in a plurality of classifications. Ships in the present disclosure include marine jets, boats, and tankers. The aircraft in the present disclosure includes fixed wing aircraft and rotary wing aircraft.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 3D display apparatus 2 Irradiator 3 Display panel 4 1st parallax barrier (1st optical element)
5 Second parallax barrier (second optical element)
6 Controller 7 Detection device 10 Moving body 31

Active area

41, 51

Light reducing surface

42, 52 Translucent area 100 Head-up display system 110 Optical member 120 Projected member 130 Projected surface 140 Optical path 150 Virtual image 311 First visible area 311L First 1 left visible region 311R 1st right visible region 312 2nd visible region 312L 2nd left visible region 312R 2nd right visible region

Claims

An active area for emitting image light;
A first optical element disposed along the active area;
A second optical element disposed along the active area at a position different from the first optical element in a normal direction of the active area;
The first optical element includes:
Defining a light beam direction of the first portion of the image light so as to propagate the first portion of the image light emitted from the active area to the first user;
The second portion of the image light that is different from the first portion is propagated to a second user located alongside the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. Configured to define a ray direction of the second portion;
The second optical element is
Prescribing a light beam direction of the third part to propagate a third part included in the first part of the image light to the first eye of the first user;
The light beam direction of the fourth portion is defined so as to propagate a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the second eye of the first user. An image display device.
An image in which the subpixels emitting the third part and the fourth part of the image light are displayed with parallax, and the subpixels emitting the second part of the image light have no parallax The image display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a controller operable to display the image.
The second optical element is
Defining the light direction of the fifth portion so that the fifth portion included in the second portion is propagated to the first eye of the second user;
The light beam direction of the sixth portion is defined so as to propagate a sixth portion different from the fifth portion included in the second portion to the second eye of the second user. The image display device described in 1.
Respective subpixels that display parallax images on the respective subpixels that emit the third part and the fourth part of the image light and emit the fifth part and the sixth part of the image light The image display apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a controller operable to display images having parallax with each other.
The first optical element is disposed to face the first surface of the active area,
5. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the second optical element is disposed to face a second surface of the active area opposite to the first surface. 6.
The image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first optical element and the second optical element are arranged on the same side with respect to the active area.
An image display device,
The image display device includes:
An active area for emitting image light;
A first optical element disposed along the active area;
A second optical element disposed along the active area at a position different from the first optical element in a normal direction of the active area;
The first optical element defines a light beam direction of the first portion of the image light so as to propagate a first portion of the image light emitted from the active area to a first user, and The second portion of the image light so as to propagate a second portion different from the first portion to a second user located alongside the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. Configured to define the ray direction of
The second optical element defines a light beam direction of the third portion so as to propagate a third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the first eye of the first user, and the image light. A head-up configured to define a light beam direction of the fourth portion so that a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the first portion is propagated to the second eye of the first user. Display system.
An image display device,
The image display device includes:
An active area for emitting image light;
A first optical element disposed along the active area;
A second optical element disposed along the active area at a position different from the first optical element in a normal direction of the active area;
The first optical element defines a light beam direction of the first portion of the image light so as to propagate a first portion of the image light emitted from the active area to a first user, and The second portion of the image light so as to propagate a second portion different from the first portion to a second user located alongside the first user in a direction connecting both eyes of the first user. Configured to define the ray direction of
The second optical element defines a light beam direction of the third portion so as to propagate a third portion included in the first portion of the image light to the first eye of the first user, and the image light. A movable body configured to define a light beam direction of the fourth portion so that a fourth portion different from the third portion included in the first portion of the first portion is propagated to the second eye of the first user. .