JP2021056255A - Parallax barrier, three-dimensional display device, three-dimensional display system, head-up display, and movable body - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for allowing the eyes of a user to comfortably visually recognize a parallax image that is originally to be visually recognized.SOLUTION: A parallax barrier has a surface configured to define a beam direction of image light of a parallax image that is emitted from a display panel having a plurality of sub-pixels that display the parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other, and comprises a plurality of extinction parts that are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than a first value, and a plurality of translucent parts that are partitioned by the extinction parts and configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance equal to or more than a second value that is larger than the first value. The boundary with the translucent part in each of the plurality of extinction parts includes a first line segment extending in a first direction being the direction of parallax, a second line segment extending in a second direction, and a third line segment extending in a third direction, and the first direction, second direction, and third direction are different from each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a paralux barrier, a three-dimensional display device, a three-dimensional display system, a head-up display, and a moving body.

Conventionally, in a three-dimensional display device, a parallax barrier has been used in order to make a part of an image displayed on a display visible to one eye of a user and a part of the image to be visually recognized by the other eye. The parallax barrier of Patent Document 1 is composed of a light-shielding portion and a light-transmitting portion extending in one direction.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-166259

However, when the parallax barrier is composed of a light-shielding portion extending in one direction and a light-transmitting portion, the light emitted by the light-transmitting portion extending in one direction causes a streak-like bright portion (barrier streak). It may be visible to the user's eyes. This barrier streak may make it difficult for the user's eyes to comfortably see the parallax image that should be visually recognized.

The present disclosure describes a parallax barrier, a three-dimensional display device, a three-dimensional display system, a head-up display, and a moving body that allow the user's eyes to comfortably view a parallax image that should be visually recognized. provide.

The parallax barrier of the present disclosure defines the direction of light rays of the image light of the parallax image emitted from a display panel having a plurality of sub-pixels for displaying the parallax image including the first image and the second image having the parallax with each other. Has a surface configured to do so. The parallax barrier includes a plurality of dimming portions and a plurality of translucent portions. The plurality of dimming units are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The plurality of translucent portions are partitioned by the dimming portion. The plurality of translucent portions are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. The boundary line with the translucent portion in each of the plurality of dimming portions includes a first line segment, a second line segment, and a third line segment. The first line segment extends in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax. The second line segment extends in the second direction. The third line segment extends in the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other.

The three-dimensional display device of the present disclosure includes a display panel and a parallax barrier. The display panel displays a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other. The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image. The parallax barrier includes a plurality of dimming portions and a plurality of translucent portions. The plurality of dimming units are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The plurality of translucent portions are partitioned by the dimming portion. The plurality of translucent portions are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. The boundary line with the translucent portion in each of the plurality of dimming portions includes a first line segment, a second line segment, and a third line segment. The first line segment extends in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax. The second line segment extends in the second direction. The third line segment extends in the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other.

The three-dimensional display system of the present disclosure includes a three-dimensional display device and a detection device. The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel and a parallax barrier. The display panel displays a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other. The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image. The parallax barrier includes a plurality of dimming portions and a plurality of translucent portions. The plurality of dimming units are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The plurality of translucent portions are partitioned by the dimming portion. The plurality of translucent portions are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. The boundary line with the translucent portion in each of the plurality of dimming portions includes a first line segment, a second line segment, and a third line segment. The first line segment extends in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax. The second line segment extends in the second direction. The third line segment extends in the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other.

The head-up display of the present disclosure includes a three-dimensional display device and a projected member. The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel and a parallax barrier. The display panel displays a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other. The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image. The parallax barrier includes a plurality of dimming portions and a plurality of translucent portions. The plurality of dimming units are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The plurality of translucent portions are partitioned by the dimming portion. The plurality of translucent portions are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. The boundary line with the translucent portion in each of the plurality of dimming portions includes a first line segment, a second line segment, and a third line segment. The first line segment extends in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax. The second line segment extends in the second direction. The third line segment extends in the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other.

The moving body of the present disclosure includes a three-dimensional display device and a head-up display including a projected member. The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel and a parallax barrier. The display panel displays a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other. The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image. The parallax barrier includes a plurality of dimming portions and a plurality of translucent portions. The plurality of dimming units are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The plurality of translucent portions are partitioned by the dimming portion. The plurality of translucent portions are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. The boundary line with the translucent portion in each of the plurality of dimming portions includes a first line segment, a second line segment, and a third line segment. The first line segment extends in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax. The second line segment extends in the second direction. The third line segment extends in the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the user's eyes can comfortably visually recognize a parallax image that should be visually recognized.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the 3D display system which concerns on one Embodiment of this disclosure. It is a figure which shows the example which viewed the display panel shown in FIG. 1 from the depth direction. It is a figure which shows the example which looked at the parallax barrier shown in FIG. 1 from the depth direction. It is a figure which shows the example which looked at the display panel and the parallax barrier shown in FIG. 1 from the parallax barrier side with the left eye. It is a figure which shows the example which looked at the display panel and the parallax barrier shown in FIG. 1 from the parallax barrier side with the right eye. , 4 and 5 are views for explaining the relationship between the position of the pupil and the visible region as seen in the cross section taken along the line AA. It is a figure for demonstrating the left visible region corresponding to the position of a pupil. It is a figure for demonstrating the right visible region corresponding to the position of a pupil. It is a figure which shows the other embodiment of the display panel shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which the display panel and the parallax barrier are viewed from the parallax barrier side with the left eye when the display panel shown in FIG. 1 is changed to the display panel shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which the display panel and the parallax barrier are viewed from the parallax barrier side with the left eye when the display panel shown in FIG. 1 is changed to the display panel shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the HUD equipped with the 3D display system shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the moving body which carries the HUD shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the conventional parallax barrier.

One embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The figures used in the following description are schematic. Therefore, the dimensional ratios on the drawings do not always match the actual ones.

As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional display system 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a detection device 1 and a three-dimensional display device 2.

The detection device 1 is configured to detect the positions of the user's left eye (first eye) and right eye (second eye). The detection device 1 is configured to output the detected position to the three-dimensional display device 2. The detection device 1 may include, for example, a camera. The detection device 1 may be configured to capture the user's face with a camera. The detection device 1 may be configured to detect the positions of the left eye and the right eye from the captured image including the image of the face of the user of the camera. The detection device 1 may be configured to detect the positions of the left eye and the right eye as coordinates in three-dimensional space from an image captured by one camera. The detection device 1 may be configured to detect the position of the left eye and the position of the right eye as coordinates in three-dimensional space from images taken by two or more cameras.

The detection device 1 does not include a camera and may be connected to a camera outside the device. The detection device 1 may include an input terminal configured to input a signal from a camera outside the device. The camera outside the device may be directly connected to the input terminal. Cameras outside the device may be indirectly connected to the input terminals via a shared network. The detection device 1 without a camera may include an input terminal configured for the camera to input a video signal. The detection device 1 without a camera may be configured to detect the positions of the left eye and the right eye from the video signal input to the input terminal.

The detection device 1 may include, for example, one or more sensors. The sensor may be an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, or the like. The detection device 1 may be configured to detect the position of the user's head by a sensor. The sensor may be configured to detect the position of the left and right eyes based on the position of the head. The detection device 1 may be configured to detect the positions of the left eye and the right eye as coordinates in three-dimensional space by one or more sensors.

The three-dimensional display system 10 does not have to include the detection device 1. When the three-dimensional display system 10 does not include the detection device 1, the three-dimensional display device 2 may include an input terminal configured to input a signal from a detection device outside the device. A detection device outside the device may be connected to an input terminal. The detection device outside the device may use an electric signal and an optical signal as the transmission signal to the input terminal. The detection device outside the device may be indirectly connected to the input terminal via a shared network. Position coordinates indicating the positions of the left eye and the right eye acquired from a detection device outside the device may be input to the three-dimensional display device 2.

The three-dimensional display device 2 may include an acquisition unit 3, an irradiator 4, a display panel 5, a parallax barrier 6 as an optical element, and a controller 7.

The acquisition unit 3 is configured to acquire the position of the left eye and the position of the right eye detected by the detection device 1.

The irradiator 4 may be configured to surfacely irradiate the irradiation light toward the display panel 5. The irradiator 4 may include a light source, a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, and the like. The irradiator 4 may be configured so as to emit the irradiation light by a light source and make the irradiation light uniform in the surface direction of the display panel 5 by a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet or the like. Then, the irradiator 4 may be configured to emit uniformized light toward the display panel 5.

As the display panel 5, for example, a display panel such as a transmissive liquid crystal display panel can be adopted. As shown in FIG. 2, the display panel 5 has a plurality of compartmentalized areas on the active area A formed in a planar shape. The active area A is configured to be able to display a parallax image under the control of the controller 7. The parallax image includes a left eye image (first image) and a right eye image (second image) having parallax with respect to the left eye image. The left eye image may be used as the second image, and in this case, the right eye image is used as the first image. The plurality of compartmentalized areas are regions partitioned in a first direction and a direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plane of the active area A. The first direction may be, for example, the horizontal direction. The direction orthogonal to the first direction may be, for example, a vertical direction. The direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction may be referred to as a depth direction. In the drawings, the horizontal direction is represented as the x-axis direction, the vertical direction is represented as the y-axis direction, and the depth direction is represented as the z-axis direction.

One subpixel corresponds to each of the plurality of partition areas. Therefore, the active area A includes a plurality of subpixels arranged in a grid along the horizontal and vertical directions.

Each subpixel corresponds to any color of R (Red), G (Green), and B (Blue), and one pixel can be configured by combining three subpixels of R, G, and B as a set. .. One pixel can be referred to as one pixel. A plurality of sub-pixels constituting one pixel may be arranged in the horizontal direction. Multiple subpixels of the same color may be aligned vertically. The horizontal length Hpx of each of the plurality of subpixels P may be the same as each other. The vertical length Hpy of each of the plurality of subpixels P may be the same as each other.

The display panel 5 is not limited to the transmissive liquid crystal panel, and other display panels such as organic EL can be used. The transmissive display panel includes a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) shutter type display panel in addition to the liquid crystal panel. Self-luminous display panels include organic EL (electro-luminescence) and inorganic EL display panels. When the display panel 5 is a self-luminous display panel, the three-dimensional display device 2 does not have to include the irradiator 4.

As described above, the plurality of subpixels P continuously arranged in the active area A constitute one subpixel group Pg. For example, one subpixel group Pg includes a predetermined number of subpixels in each of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The sub-pixel group Pg of 1 includes b sub-pixels in the vertical direction, n sub-pixels in the horizontal direction, and (2 × n × b) consecutively arranged (2 × n × b) sub-pixels P1 to P (2 × n × b). The plurality of subpixels P constitute a plurality of subpixel group Pg. The plurality of sub-pixel groups Pg are arranged repeatedly in the horizontal direction. The plurality of sub-pixel groups Pg are repeatedly arranged adjacent to positions shifted by j sub-pixels (j <n) in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the case of j = 1, n = 4, and b = 1 will be described as an example. In this example, as shown in FIG. 2, the active area A includes a plurality of subpixel groups including eight subpixels P1 to P8 arranged consecutively in one row in the vertical direction and eight columns in the horizontal direction. Pg is placed. P1 to P8 are referred to as identification information of a plurality of subpixels. In FIG. 2, some sub-pixel groups Pg are coded.

The plurality of subpixels P at the corresponding positions in all the subpixel group Pg display the same type of image, and switch the type of the image to be displayed at the same timing. The type of image is a type indicating whether it is a left-eye image or a right-eye image. The plurality of subpixels P constituting the subpixel group Pg of 1 can be displayed by switching between the left eye image and the right eye image. For example, the images displayed on the plurality of subpixels P1 in all the subpixel group Pg are switched at the same timing. The images displayed on the plurality of subpixels P having other identification information in all the subpixel group Pg are switched at the same timing.

The types of images displayed in the plurality of subpixels P constituting the subpixel group Pg of 1 are independent of each other. The plurality of subpixels P constituting the subpixel group Pg can be displayed by switching between the left eye image and the right eye image. For example, the timing at which the plurality of subpixels P1 switch between the left eye image and the right eye image may be the same as or different from the timing at which the plurality of subpixels P2 switch between the left eye image and the right eye image. May be good. The timing at which the other two plurality of subpixels P having different identification information from each other switch between the left eye image and the right eye image may be the same or may be different.

The parallax barrier 6 is configured to define the light ray direction of the image light of the parallax image emitted from the display panel 5. As shown in FIG. 1, the parallax barrier 6 has a surface along the active area A. The parallax barrier 6 is separated from the active area A by a predetermined distance (gap) g. The parallax barrier 6 may be located on the opposite side of the irradiator 4 with respect to the display panel 5. The parallax barrier 6 may be located on the irradiator 4 side of the display panel 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the parallax barrier 6 includes a plurality of light transmitting portions 62 and a plurality of dimming portions 61.

The plurality of dimming units 61 have a transmittance of less than the first value. The plurality of dimming portions 61 may be composed of a film or a plate-shaped member. The film may be made of resin or may be made of other materials. The plate-shaped member may be made of resin, metal, or the like, or may be made of another material. The plurality of dimming portions 61 are not limited to the film or plate-shaped member, and may be composed of other types of members. The base material of the plurality of dimming portions 61 may have a dimming property, and the base material of the plurality of dimming portions 61 may contain an additive having a dimming property.

The plurality of translucent units 62 are configured to transmit image light with a transmittance of a second value or higher, which is larger than the first value. The plurality of translucent portions 62 are composed of openings of materials constituting the plurality of dimming portions 61. The plurality of light transmitting portions 62 may be composed of a film or a plate-like member having a transmittance of a second value or more. The film may be made of a resin, another material, or another material. The plurality of translucent portions 62 may be configured without using any member. In this case, the transmittance of the plurality of translucent portions 62 is approximately 100%.

The parallax barrier 6 includes a plurality of dimming portions 61 and a plurality of translucent portions 62. A part of the image light emitted from the active area A of the display panel 5 passes through the parallax barrier 6 and reaches the user's eye, and the remaining part of the image light is dimmed by the parallax barrier 6. It becomes difficult to reach the user's eyes. Therefore, the user's eyes can easily see a part of the active area A and hard to see the remaining part of the area.

The boundary line between the dimming portion 61 and the translucent portion 62 of 1 includes the first line segment BL1, the second line segment BL2, and the third line segment BL3. The first line segment BL1 extends in the first direction dr1.

The first line segment BL1 extends in the first direction dr1 (horizontal direction), which is the direction of parallax. The second line segment BL2 extends in the second direction dr2. The second direction dr2 is a direction forming a first angle α with respect to a direction (vertical direction) orthogonal to the plane of the paralux barrier 6 in the horizontal direction. The third line segment BL3 extends in the third direction dr3. The third direction is a direction forming a second angle β different from the first angle α with respect to a direction (vertical direction) orthogonal to the horizontal direction in the plane of the paralux barrier 6. The absolute value of the second accuracy β may be the same as the absolute value of the first angle α.

Both ends of the second line segment BL2 may be connected to different ends of the first line segment BL1. Both ends of the third line segment BL3 may be connected to the ends of the first line segment BL1 that are different from each other and are not connected to the second line segment BL2. That is, the boundary line between the dimming portion 61 and the translucent portion 62 of 1 is such that the second line segment BL2, the first line segment BL1, the third line segment BL3, and the first line segment BL2 are arranged in this order. It may be configured by repeating.

As described above, since the first line segment BL1, the second line segment BL2, and the third line segment BL3 extend in different directions from each other, the plurality of dimming portions 61 and the plurality of dimming portions 612 defined by the plurality of dimming portions 61 are defined. The boundary line with the translucent portion 62 of the paralux barrier 6 does not extend linearly from one end to the other end of the paralux barrier 6.

As a result, it becomes difficult for the user to visually recognize the barrier streaks as compared with the case where the conventional parallax barrier 60 as shown in FIG. 14 is used. In the conventional paralux barrier 60, the plurality of dimming portions 601 are used because they extend linearly from one end of the paralux barrier 60 to the other end in a predetermined direction other than 0 ° from the vertical direction. The person can visually recognize the barrier streaks due to the image light propagating through the plurality of translucent units 602. Since it does not extend linearly from one end to the other, it becomes difficult for the user to recognize the straight line, and the Bararax barrier 6 of the present embodiment makes it difficult to visually recognize the barrier streaks. Therefore, the user can comfortably visually recognize the parallax image that should be visually recognized.

The horizontal length Lb of the translucent region 62, the barrier pitch Bp, the appropriate viewing distance D, the gap g, the horizontal length Lp of the desired visible region 5a, and the horizontal length Hp of the subpixel P of 1. , The number of the plurality of subpixels included in the plurality of subpixel groups 2 × n, and the interdigital distance E may be determined so as to satisfy the relationship of the following equations (1) and (2). The suitable viewing distance D is the distance between the user's pupil and the parallax barrier 6. The gap g is the distance between the parallax barrier 6 and the display panel 4. The visible area 5a is an area on the active area that is visually recognized by each eye of the user.
E: D = (2 × n × Hp): g (1)
D: Lb = (D + g): Lp (2)

The suitable viewing distance D is the distance between each of the user's right eye and left eye and the parallax barrier 6. The direction of the straight line passing through the right eye and the left eye (inter-eye direction) is the horizontal direction. The inter-eye distance E is a standard of the user's inter-eye distance E. The intereye distance E may be, for example, 61.1 mm to 64.4 mm, which is a value calculated by research by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Hp is the horizontal length of the subpixel.

The length L2 of the second line segment BL2 may be a length corresponding to the vertical length Hpy of the subpixel P of 1. For example, the length L2'(= L2 × cosα) of the line segment BL2'projected from the second line segment BL2 in the vertical direction is the length Hpy in the vertical direction of the subpixel P, the appropriate viewing distance D, and the gap g. , The length may satisfy the relationship shown in the equation (3).
D: L2'= D + g: Hpy (3)

The length L3 of the third line segment BL3 may be a length corresponding to the vertical length Hpy of the subpixel P of 1. For example, the length L3'(= L3 × cosβ) of the line segment BL3'projected vertically from the third line segment BL3 is the length Hpy in the vertical direction of one subpixel P, the appropriate viewing distance D, and the gap. It may be a length that satisfies the relationship shown in the equation (4) with g.
D: L3'= D + g: Hpy (4)

The area of the active area A visually recognized by each eye of the user depends on the position of each eye, the positions of the plurality of translucent portions 62, and the appropriate viewing distance D. Hereinafter, the region in the active area A that emits the image light propagating to the position of the user's eye is referred to as the visible region 5a. The area of the active area A that emits the image light propagating to the position of the user's left eye is referred to as the left visible area 5aL (first visible area). The area of the active area A that emits the image light propagating to the position of the user's right eye is referred to as the right visible area 5aR (second visible area). The region in the active area A that propagates toward the left eye of the user and emits image light that is dimmed by the plurality of dimming portions 62 is referred to as a dimming region 5bL. The region in the active area A that propagates toward the user's right eye and emits image light that is dimmed by the plurality of dimming portions 62 is referred to as a dimming region 5bR.

In the example of FIG. 4, each left visible region 5aL includes all of the plurality of subpixels P2 to P4 and half of each of the plurality of subpixels P1 and P5. The left dimming region 5bL is a region excluding the left visible region 5aL. In FIG. 4, a plurality of sub-pixels displaying a left-eye image are designated by a reference numeral “L”, and a plurality of sub-pixels displaying a right-eye image are designated by a reference numeral “R”.

In the example of FIG. 5, each right visible region 5aR includes all of the plurality of subpixels P6 to P8 and half of each of the plurality of subpixels P5 and P1. The right dimming region 5bR is a region excluding the right visible region 5aR. In FIG. 5, a plurality of sub-pixels displaying a left-eye image are designated by a reference numeral “L”, and a plurality of sub-pixels displaying a right-eye image are designated by a reference numeral “R”.

In the examples of FIGS. 4 and 5, the left eye image is displayed on the plurality of subpixels P1 to P4 included in each subpixel group Pg of the display panel 5, and the right eye image is displayed on the plurality of subpixels P5 to P8. ing. In this case, 87.5% of the entire left visible region 5aL includes a plurality of subpixels P for displaying the left eye image, and 12.5% includes a plurality of subpixels P for displaying the right eye image. 87.5% of the entire right visible region 5aR contains a plurality of subpixels P for displaying a right eye image, and 12.5% includes a plurality of subpixels P for displaying a left eye image. As a result, the left eye of the user can easily see more left eye images than the right eye image, and the right eye can easily see more right eye images than the left eye image. Therefore, the user can visually recognize the three-dimensional image.

The length L1 of the first line segment BL1 and the barrier pitch Bp described above are also set so that the amount of crosstalk becomes the minimum amount required for the three-dimensional display device 2 when the eye is at the origin position EP0. May be specified. The origin position EP0 is the position of the eye where the right eye image included in the left visible region 5aL is the smallest and the left eye image included in the right visible region 5aR is the smallest when the display panel 5 is in the reference state. In the reference state of the display panel 5, the left eye image is displayed in a predetermined m (m ≦ n) subpixels in succession included in the plurality of subpixel groups Pg, and m of the remaining Cebu pixels are displayed. The right eye image is displayed in the subpixel of.

4 and 5 show the display panel 5 in the reference state, the left eye image is displayed on the plurality of subpixels P1 to P4, and the right eye image is displayed on the plurality of subpixels P5 to P8. .. At this time, in the left visible region 5aL, the entire plurality of subpixels P2 and P3 displaying the left eye image, 87.5% of the plurality of subpixels P1 and P4, and the plurality of subpixels displaying the right eye image. It contains 12.5% of P5 and P8. In the right visible region 5aR, the entire plurality of subpixels P6 and P7 displaying the right eye image, 87.5% of the plurality of subpixels P5 and P8, and the plurality of subpixels P4 and P1 displaying the left eye image. 12.5% of is included. In such a configuration, the three-dimensional display device 2 can satisfy the requirement that the minimum amount of crosstalk is 6.25% when the eye is at the origin position EP0. The relationship between the position of the eye and the type of image displayed on the plurality of subpixels P included in the visible region 5a will be described in detail later.

The controller 7 is connected to each component of the three-dimensional display system 100 and can control each component. The components controlled by the controller 7 include the display panel 5. The controller 7 is configured as, for example, a processor. The controller 7 may include one or more processors. The processor may include a general-purpose processor that loads a specific program and performs a specific function, and a dedicated processor specialized for a specific process. The dedicated processor may include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The processor may include a programmable logic device (PLD). The PLD may include an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array). The controller 7 may be either a SoC (System-on-a-Chip) in which one or a plurality of processors cooperate, and a SiP (System In a Package). The controller 7 includes a storage unit, and the storage unit may store various types of information, a program for operating each component of the three-dimensional display system 100, and the like. The storage unit may be composed of, for example, a semiconductor memory or the like. The storage unit may function as a work memory of the controller 7.

Here, the process executed by the controller 8 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

The controller 8 is configured to control the type of image to be displayed on each subpixel P of the display panel 5 based on the position of the pupil acquired by the acquisition unit 3. The type of image indicates whether it is a left-eye image or a right-eye image.

The controller 9 is configured to calculate the distance d of the pupil position EP acquired by the acquisition unit 3 in the horizontal direction from the origin position EP0. The origin position EP0 is the position of the eye in which the right eye image included in the left visible region 5aL is the smallest and the left eye image included in the right visible region 5aR is the smallest in the reference state.

In the example of FIGS. 6 to 8 referred to in the description here, the display panel 5 displays the left eye image on the plurality of subpixels P1 to P4 and the right eye image on the plurality of subpixels P5 to P8. It is in the standard state. In FIGS. 6 to 8, the plurality of subpixels displaying the left eye image are designated by the reference numeral “L”, and the plurality of subpixels displaying the right eye image are designated by the reference numeral “R”.

As shown in FIG. 7, the left visible region 5aL0 when the eye is located at the origin position as shown in FIG. 6 includes all of the plurality of subpixels P2 and P3 and 87 of the plurality of subpixels P1 and P4. It contains 5.5% and 12.5% of the plurality of subpixels P5 and P8. When the eye is in the origin position, the right visible region 5aR0 has a plurality of sub-pixels P6 and 7 and 87.5% of the plurality of sub-pixels P5 and P8 as shown in FIG. It contains 12.5% of the pixels P4 and P1.

The controller 9 is configured to determine k such that the distance d satisfies the equation (5). The controller 9 displays the type of image displayed on each subpixel on the subpixel P arranged at a position displaced by k from the subpixel P in the direction opposite to the displacement direction of the pupil.
(2k-1) × E / 2n ≦ d <(2k + 1) × E / 2n (5)

In the example of FIG. 6, when the distance d is less than E / 8, that is, when the pupil is located between the origin position EP0 and the boundary position EP1, the controller 9 determines that k = 0. It is composed. The boundary position EP1 is a position deviated from the origin position EP0 by a distance E / 8 in the horizontal direction.

As the pupil is displaced horizontally, the left visible region 5aL moves in the direction opposite to the displacement direction of the pupil, and a plurality of subpixels P1 and P8 included in the left visible region 5aL1 when the pupil is displaced by a distance E / 8 The portion of is decreased, and the portion of the plurality of subpixels P4 and P5 is increased. The controller 9 is a portion of a plurality of subpixels P (P5 and P8 in the example of FIG. 7) displaying the right eye image in the entire area of the left visible region 5aL with the left visible region 5aL shifted in the horizontal direction. As long as the ratio of the area of is not more than a predetermined value (12.5% in the example of FIG. 7), the type of the image to be displayed in each subpixel is not changed.

At this time, as the pupil is displaced in the horizontal direction, the right visible region 5aR moves in the direction opposite to the displacement direction of the pupil, and a plurality of subpixels included in the right visible region 5aR1 when the pupil is displaced by a distance E / 8. The portions of P4 and P5 decrease and the portions of the plurality of subpixels P8 and P1 increase. Therefore, the controller 9 has a plurality of subpixels P displaying the left eye image with respect to the entire area of the right visible region 5aR with the right visible region 5aL shifted in the horizontal direction (P1 and P4 in the example of FIG. 8). As long as the ratio of the area of the portion is equal to or less than a predetermined value (12.5% in the example of FIG. 8), the type of the image to be displayed in each subpixel is not changed.

As a result, at each position from the origin position EP0 to the boundary position EP1, the right eye image visually recognized by the left eye pupil is the smallest, and the right eye pupil visually recognizes within the range in which the controller 9 controls the image type. The left eye image is the least. Therefore, at each position from the origin position EP0 to the boundary position EP1, the pupil can visually recognize the parallax image in a state where the crosstalk is most reduced.

When the distance d is E / 8 or more and less than 3E / 8, that is, when the pupil is located between the boundary position EP1 and the boundary position EP2, the controller 9 determines that k = 1. It is configured as follows. The boundary position EP2 is a position deviated from the origin position EP0 by a distance of 3E / 8 in the horizontal direction. The left visible region 5aL1 when the pupil is located at the boundary position EP1 includes all of the plurality of subpixels P2 to P4 and half of the plurality of subpixels P1 and P5. The right visible region 5aR1 when the pupil is located at the boundary position EP1 includes all of the plurality of subpixels P6 to P8 and half of the plurality of subpixels P5 and P1. When the pupil is displaced further away from the origin position EP0, the portions of the plurality of subpixels P5 and P6 included in the left visible region 5aL and displaying the right eye image increase. The portion of the plurality of subpixels P1 and P2 included in the right visible region 5aR and displaying the left eye image is further increased.

Here, the controller 9 shifts the image of the type displayed in each subpixel when the pupil is located at the origin position EP0 from the subpixel P in a direction opposite to the displacement direction of the pupil by one. It is displayed on each subpixel P arranged in. That is, the controller 9 causes the sub-pixels P2 to P8 and P1 to display the type of image displayed on the plurality of sub-pixels P1 to P8, respectively. In this example, the controller 9 causes the plurality of subpixels P2 to P5 to display the left eye image, and causes the plurality of subpixels P6 to P8 and P1 to display the right eye image. As a result, at each position from the boundary position EP1 to the boundary position EP2, the right eye image visually recognized by the left eye is the smallest within the range in which the controller 9 controls the image type, and the left eye is visible by the pupil of the right eye. It has the fewest images, which can reduce crosstalk.

When the distance d is 3E / 8 or more and less than 5E / 8, that is, when the pupil is located between the boundary position EP2 and the boundary position EP3, the controller 9 determines that k = 2. It is configured to determine. The boundary position EP3 is a position deviated from the origin position EP0 by a distance of 5E / 8 in the horizontal direction. The left visible region 5aL2 when the pupil is located at the boundary position EP2 includes all of the plurality of subpixels P3 to P5 and half of the plurality of subpixels P2 and P6. The right visible region 5aR2 when the pupil is located at the boundary position EP2 includes all of the plurality of subpixels P7, P, 8 and P1 and half of the plurality of subpixels P6 and P2. When the pupil is displaced further away from the origin position EP0, the portions of the plurality of subpixels P6 and P7 included in the left visible region 5aL and displaying the right eye image increase. The portion of the plurality of subpixels P2 and P3 included in the right visible region 5aR and displaying the left eye image increases.

Here, the controller 9 shifts the image of the type displayed in each subpixel when the pupil is located at the origin position EP0 from the subpixel P by two positions in the direction opposite to the displacement direction of the pupil. It is displayed on each subpixel P arranged in. That is, the controller 9 causes the sub-pixels P3 to P8, P1 and P2 to display the types of images displayed on the plurality of sub-pixels P1 to P8, respectively. In this example, the controller 9 causes the plurality of subpixels P3 to P6 to display the left eye image, and causes the plurality of subpixels P7, P8, P1, and P2 to display the right eye image. As a result, at each position from the boundary position EP2 to the boundary position EP3, the right eye image visually recognized by the left eye is the smallest within the range in which the controller 9 controls the image type, and the left eye is visible by the pupil of the right eye. It has the fewest images, which can reduce crosstalk.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the boundary lines between the plurality of dimming portions 61 and the plurality of translucent portions 62 are the first line segment BL1 extending in the first direction dr1 and the first direction dr1. A second line segment and a third line segment extending in the second direction dr2 and the third direction dr3, which are different from each other and form an angle other than 0 degrees with respect to the direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plane, respectively. Including. Therefore, the boundary between the plurality of dimming portions 61 and the plurality of translucent portions 62 does not extend linearly from one end of the parallax barrier 6 to the other end. Therefore, the user can use the conventional parallax barrier in which the plurality of dimming portions 602 extend linearly from one end of the parallax barrier to the other end in a predetermined direction other than 0 ° from the vertical direction. Compared to 60, it becomes difficult to visually recognize the barrier streaks. Therefore, the user can comfortably visually recognize the parallax image that should be visually recognized.

Although the above embodiments have been described as representative examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and substitutions can be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as limiting by the embodiments described above, and various modifications and modifications can be made without departing from the claims. For example, it is possible to combine the plurality of constituent blocks described in the embodiments and examples into one, or to divide one constituent block into one.

In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of compartmentalized areas of the display panel 5 are regions that are partitioned into a first direction and a direction orthogonal to the plane of the display panel 5 in the first direction. However, the plurality of compartmentalized areas of the display panel 5 may be regions that are partitioned in the first direction and in directions that are not orthogonal to each other in the plane of the display panel 5 in the first direction.

For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the plurality of compartments may include a plurality of first compartments sct1 and a plurality of second compartments sct2. The plurality of first compartment regions sct1 may be regions partitioned in the first direction and the second direction. The plurality of second compartment regions sct2 may be regions partitioned in the first direction and the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction of the above-described embodiment, respectively. In FIG. 9, only one first compartment area sct1 and one second compartment region sct2 are designated, but the compartment region having the same shape as the first compartment region sct1 with the sign is the first compartment. The compartment area sct1 having the same shape as the second compartment area sct2 with a reference numeral is the second compartment region sct1.

In such a configuration, the boundaries of the subpixels P adjacent to each other of the display panel 5 extend in the same direction as the boundaries of the plurality of dimming portions 61 and the plurality of translucent portions 62 in the parallax barrier 6. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, by appropriately designing the lengths of the first line segment BL1, the second line segment BL2, and the third line segment BL3 of the plurality of translucent portions 61, in the reference state, The left visible region 5aL may include the entire plurality of subpixels P1 to P4 and may not include the plurality of subpixels P5 to P8 at all. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 11, in the reference state, the right visible region 5aR may include the entire plurality of subpixels P5 to P8 and may not include the plurality of subpixels P1 to P4 at all. Therefore, the minimum amount of crosstalk is reduced as compared with the case where the boundary of the subpixels P adjacent to each other extends in a direction different from the boundary of the plurality of translucent portions 62 and the plurality of dimming portions 61 in the parallax barrier 6. Can be done.

As shown in FIG. 12, the image display device 1 can be mounted on the head-up display system 100. The head-up display system 100 is also referred to as a HUD (Head Up Display) 100. The HUD 100 includes an image display device 1, an optical member 110, and a projected member 120 having a projected surface 130. The HUD 100 causes the image light emitted from the image display device 1 to reach the projected member 120 via the optical member 110. The HUD 100 causes the image light reflected by the projected member 120 to reach the left eye and the right eye of the user. That is, the HUD 100 advances the image light from the image display device 1 to the left eye and the right eye of the user along the optical path 140 indicated by the broken line. The user can visually recognize the image light that has arrived along the optical path 140 as a virtual image 150. The image display device 1 can provide stereoscopic vision according to the movement of the user by controlling the display according to the positions of the left eye and the right eye of the user.

As shown in FIG. 13, the image display device 1 and the HUD 100 may be mounted on the moving body 20. A part of the configuration of the HUD 100 may be used in combination with other devices or parts included in the moving body 20. For example, the moving body 20 may also use the windshield as the projected member 120. Another device or component included in the moving body 20, which is also used as a part of the configuration of the HUD 100, may be referred to as a HUD module.

The display panel 3 is not limited to the transmissive display panel, and other display panels such as a self-luminous display panel can also be used. The transmissive display panel includes a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) shutter type display panel in addition to the liquid crystal panel. Self-luminous display panels include organic EL (electro-luminescence) and inorganic EL display panels. When a self-luminous display panel is used as the display panel 3, the irradiator 2 becomes unnecessary. When a self-luminous display panel is used as the display panel 3, the first parallax barrier 4 and the second parallax barrier 6 are located on the side where the image light of the display panel 3 is emitted.

"Mobile" in the present disclosure includes vehicles, ships, and aircraft. "Vehicles" in the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, automobiles and industrial vehicles, and may include railroad vehicles, living vehicles, and fixed-wing aircraft traveling on runways. Automobiles include, but are not limited to, passenger cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, trolley buses and the like, and may include other vehicles traveling on the road. Industrial vehicles include industrial vehicles for agriculture and construction. Industrial vehicles include, but are not limited to, forklifts and golf carts. Industrial vehicles for agriculture include, but are not limited to, tractors, cultivators, transplanters, binders, combines, and mowers. Industrial vehicles for construction include, but are not limited to, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, cranes, dump trucks, and road rollers. Vehicles include those that run manually. The classification of vehicles is not limited to the above. For example, an automobile may include an industrial vehicle capable of traveling on a road, and the same vehicle may be included in a plurality of categories. Vessels in the present disclosure include marine jets, boats and tankers. Aircraft in the present disclosure include fixed-wing aircraft and rotary-wing aircraft.

1 Detection device 2 3D display device 3 Acquisition unit 4 Irradiator 5 Display panel 6 Paralux barrier 7 Controller 10 3D display system 20 Moving object 51a Visible area 51aL Left visible area 51aR Right visible area 51bL Left dimming area 51bL Right reduction Optical region 61 Dimming unit 62 Translucent unit 100 Head-up display 110 Optical member 120 Projected member 130 Projected surface 140 Optical path 150 Virtual image A Active area BL1 1st line segment BL2 2nd line segment BL3 3rd line segment

Claims (7)

A surface configured to define the ray direction of the image light of the parallax image emitted from a display panel having a plurality of sub-pixels displaying a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other. It is a parallax barrier that has
A plurality of dimming units configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value, and
A plurality of translucent portions partitioned by the plurality of dimming portions, which are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value.
With
The boundary line of each of the plurality of dimming portions with the translucent portion is a first line segment extending in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax, a second line segment extending in the second direction, and a third direction. Including the third line segment extending to
A parallax barrier in which the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other. The parallax barrier according to claim 1, wherein the absolute value of the second angle is the same as the absolute value of the first angle. The length of at least one of the second line segment and the line segment obtained by projecting the third line segment in the direction orthogonal to the first direction is the length of the plurality of subpixels in the direction orthogonal to the first direction. The paralux barrier according to claim 1 or 2, which is a length based on the above. A three-dimensional display device including a display panel and a parallax barrier.
The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to display a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other and to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image.
The parallax barrier is a parallax barrier having a surface that defines the light ray direction of the image light.
A plurality of dimming units configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value, and
A plurality of translucent portions, which are partitioned by the plurality of dimming portions and transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value, are included.
The boundary line with the translucent portion in each of the plurality of dimming portions is a first line segment extending in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax, and a second line segment extending in the second and third directions, respectively. A three-dimensional display device including the third line segment and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction different from each other. A three-dimensional display system including a display panel, a three-dimensional display device including a parallax barrier, and a detection device.
The detection device detects the position of the eye of the user of the three-dimensional display device and determines the position of the eye.
The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel, a parallax barrier, and a controller.
The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to display a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other and to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image.
The paralux barrier is a paralux barrier having a surface configured to define the light direction of the image light, and is configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The dimming section of the above, and a plurality of translucent sections defined by the plurality of dimming sections, which are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. Have and
The boundary line of each of the plurality of dimming portions with the translucent portion is a first line segment extending in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax, a second line segment extending in the second direction, and a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other, including the third line segment extending to.
The controller is a three-dimensional display system that controls the display panel based on the position of the eye detected by the detection device. A head-up display equipped with a three-dimensional display device and a projected member.
The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel and a parallax barrier.
The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to display a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other and to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image.
The paralux barrier is a paralux barrier having a surface configured to define the light direction of the image light, and is configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The dimming section of the above, and a plurality of translucent sections defined by the plurality of dimming sections, which are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. Have and
The boundary line of each of the plurality of dimming portions with the translucent portion is a first line segment extending in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax, a second line segment extending in the second direction, and a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other, and the projected member utilizes the image light emitted from the three-dimensional display device. Head-up display that reflects in the direction of the human eye A moving body including a three-dimensional display device and a head-up display including a projected member.
The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel and a parallax barrier.
The display panel has a plurality of subpixels configured to display a parallax image including a first image and a second image having parallax with each other and to emit image light corresponding to the parallax image.
The paralux barrier is a paralux barrier having a surface configured to define the light direction of the image light, and is configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of less than the first value. The dimming section of the above, and a plurality of translucent sections defined by the plurality of dimming sections, which are configured to transmit the image light with a transmittance of a second value or more higher than the first value. Have and
The boundary line of each of the plurality of dimming portions with the translucent portion is a first line segment extending in the first direction, which is the direction of the parallax, a second line segment extending in the second direction, and a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different from each other, including the third line segment extending to.
The projected member is a moving body that reflects the image light emitted from the three-dimensional display device in the direction of the user's eyes.

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