WO2019161637A1 - Liquid molten slag dry-type centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method - Google Patents
Liquid molten slag dry-type centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019161637A1 WO2019161637A1 PCT/CN2018/096520 CN2018096520W WO2019161637A1 WO 2019161637 A1 WO2019161637 A1 WO 2019161637A1 CN 2018096520 W CN2018096520 W CN 2018096520W WO 2019161637 A1 WO2019161637 A1 WO 2019161637A1
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- granulator
- temperature
- slag
- particle size
- control unit
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
- C21B2400/054—Disc-shaped or conical parts for cooling, dispersing or atomising of molten slag rotating along vertical axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of high temperature liquid slag waste heat recovery, in particular to a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method.
- China is currently the world's largest steel producer.
- China's pig iron production was about 701 million tons, accounting for about 60% of the world's total production.
- blast furnace slag containing huge heat was also produced.
- the blast furnace slag is generally discharged at a temperature between 1400 and 1550 ° C.
- Each ton of slag contains (1260 to 1880) ⁇ 10 3 kJ of sensible heat, equivalent to 60 kg of standard coal.
- the current calculation of pig iron production in China is 701 million tons, which can be converted into blast furnace slag of about 210 million tons. About 12.618 million tons of standard coal.
- the dry slag pit cooling method and the water slag slag method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods in China.
- the dry slag method produces a large amount of water vapor when it is cooled, and at the same time releases a large amount of H 2 S and SO 2 gas, corroding the building, destroying the equipment and deteriorating the working environment.
- the water slag method wastes a lot of water resources during the treatment process, generates harmful gases such as SO 2 and H 2 S, and cannot effectively recover high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag.
- these treatment methods can not meet the urgent needs of energy saving and emission reduction in the current steel industry, and the dry centrifugal granulation method is widely favored due to low system energy consumption, small and uniform particle size, and high added value of products.
- the liquid slag drops onto the surface of the high-speed rotating granulator, and is scooped out under the action of centrifugal force and friction force to form small droplets under the action of surface tension.
- the droplets are forced to convective heat transfer with a heat transfer medium (generally air) in the space, and radiative heat exchange with the surrounding environment causes the temperature of the small droplets to decrease, and then a phase change occurs to form a solidified layer. As the temperature is further reduced, the droplets gradually transform into solid small particles.
- a heat transfer medium generally air
- the particle size of the granulated slag is too large, the cooling rate of the molten slag particles is reduced during the heat exchange with the heat transfer medium in the space, and the crystal phase is easily changed, thereby causing a decrease in the glass transition rate and affecting the particles.
- the high-efficiency resource utilization of the slag particles if the particle size of the granulated slag particles is too small, the flight distance is too long, and it is easy to hit the granulated warehouse wall surface in the molten state or the external condensed molten state to adhere thereto, and Easy to bond into large pieces.
- the slag particles bonded into a large block are slowly cooled in the granulated space and have sufficient time to crystallize, thereby reducing the glass transition rate and affecting its efficient resource utilization. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal progress of dry centrifugal granulation, it is urgent to provide a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method to solve the above technical problem; the control method of the invention can effectively prevent the granulated slag particles from being excessively caused to cause a decrease in the vitreous conversion rate thereof. When the slag particles are too small, the granulated slag particles have a low wall and glass transition rate.
- Liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method based on a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system; the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises temperature control unit, flow control unit and granulation Control unit
- a temperature control unit for controlling the high temperature slag in the liquid melting buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, and controlling the outflow slag temperature of the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range;
- a flow control unit for controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature slag flowing out of the buffer device in a set range to ensure the smoothness of the flow
- a granulator control unit for controlling the centering of the granulator center and the center of the slag tube of the buffer device, and ensuring smooth operation of the granulator during high-speed rotation
- the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method specifically comprises the following steps:
- the granule speed of the granulator is finely adjusted to return to the set interval; if the particle size of the granulated slag is smaller than the set The interval is adjusted to the set interval by fine-tuning the small granulator speed.
- the temperature control means of the temperature control unit includes: the cache device has a temperature control program, the cache device adopts a heat supplement method, the cache device has a temperature control program, and a heat supplement method is added.
- the particle size can be controlled by adjusting the alkalinity of the slag to adjust the viscosity-temperature characteristic of the slag.
- the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises: a granulator, a granulator fixing device and a granulator driving device; the granulator is fixed on the granulator fixing device; the granulator fixing device is internally provided In the air flow channel, the granulator fixing device is arranged to contact the bottom of the granulator to provide an extended heating surface; the top of the granulator fixing device is provided with a plurality of first air outlets, and the outlet angle of the first first air outlet intersects the inclination angle of the granulator edge, The liquid film or the liquid filament formed during the granulation process is externally crushed; the granulator fixing device is provided with a plurality of second tuy (2006) on the side, and the second tuyere is parallel or intersected with the inclination angle of the edge of the granulator for granulation The droplets formed by the liquid filament breakage during the process are cooled; the first tuyere and the second t
- the invention further comprises a granulator driving device and a shaft cooling air duct;
- the granulator driving device comprises a motor and a rotating shaft;
- the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft; and the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the granulator fixing device;
- a plurality of temperature-resistant blades are arranged on the rotating shaft;
- the shaft cooling air duct comprises a motor sealing cover, an inner sleeve of the air duct, a shaft sleeve and a rotating shaft;
- the sealing cover surrounds the outer circumference of the motor, and the sleeve and the shaft sleeve of the air duct are sleeved on the rotating shaft
- the outer circumference; the inner ring of the temperature-resistant thrust bearing and the temperature-resistant locating bearing are fixed on the rotating shaft, and the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve of the air duct;
- the shaft cooling air enters from the air vent of the sealing cover, and after cooling the rotating shaft through the inside of the shaft sleeve, most of the air flow passages entering the granulator fixing device are uniformly distributed from the top of the granulator fixing device and the side walls.
- the first tuyere and the second tuyere enter the granulation chamber, and a small portion enters the granulation chamber from a narrow gap between the granulator fixture and the inner sleeve of the duct.
- the air outlet of the hood is lower than the air outlet of the first air outlet and the second air outlet.
- the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a temperature-resistant thrust bearing, and one or more temperature-resistant positioning bearings are arranged in the middle and the upper part of the rotating shaft, wherein the uppermost positioning bearing should be as close as possible to the bottom of the granulator fixing device.
- the cooling air is generated by the fan, and enters from the air outlet of the sealing cover, most of which flows out through the air flow passage of the granulator fixing device, and a small portion flows out from the narrow gap between the fixing device and the inner sleeve of the air duct;
- the temperature-resistant blades on the rotating shaft generate cooling air with the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, and most of the airflow passages passing through the granulator fixing device flow out, and a small portion flows out from a narrow gap between the fixing device and the inner sleeve of the air duct;
- the fan air outlet and the high temperature rotating blade of the temperature resistant blade cooperate as the shaft cooling wind to cool the shaft cooling air duct and the rotating shaft.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
- the method for controlling the particle size of the dry granulated granulated slag of the liquid slag provided by the invention can effectively control the particle size of the granulated slag, avoiding the excessive conversion of the granulated slag particles, thereby reducing the conversion rate of the vitreous body and avoiding the granulated slag.
- the small size of the particles causes the viscous slag particles to adhere to the wall and the glass body has a low conversion rate, which provides a certain reference for industrial applications.
- the present invention proposes a structure for ensuring the air outlet at the edge of the granulator in the particle size control, wherein the granulator fixing device has a plurality of tuyIER at the top thereof, and the outlet angle intersects the dip angle of the granulator edge.
- the liquid film or liquid filament formed during the granulation process can be externally broken to enhance the granulation effect.
- the present invention proposes a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system in particle size control, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with one-stage, two-stage or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades.
- the rotating shaft drives the temperature-resistant blade to rotate at a high speed.
- the flow power of the air duct is generated, the crushing effect of the granulated edge wind is enhanced, and the cooling of the shaft cooling device to the shaft and the granulator fixing device is accelerated.
- the temperature-resistant blade can also be used as a rib structure to enhance the overall heat dissipation of the rotating shaft.
- 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the particle size of a dry granulated granulated slag of liquid slag;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of the granulator fixture.
- the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method of the present invention is based on a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system; the liquid slag dry centrifugal granule
- the system includes: a temperature control unit, a flow control unit, and a granulator control unit;
- the temperature control unit is configured to control the high temperature slag in the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, control the outflow slag temperature of the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, and then control the viscosity value by the known viscosity temperature characteristic.
- There are many temperature control methods for the temperature control unit such as the temperature control program of the cache device, the heat compensation means of the cache device, the temperature control program of the cache device, and the heating means.
- a flow control unit for controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature slag flowing out of the buffer device in a set range to ensure the smoothness of the flow
- the granulator control unit aligns the center of the granulator with the center of the slag tube of the buffer device, while ensuring smooth operation of the granulator during high-speed rotation.
- the method for controlling the particle size of dry granulated granulated slag of liquid slag comprises the following steps:
- the process test When the process test is used to obtain the granulated particle size and granulator rotation speed, the outflow flow rate, the viscosity temperature characteristic, the granulator structure, the granulator size, the granulator surface roughness, the granulator edge wind speed and the angle After the relationship, the normal granulation process begins. If the particle size of the granulated slag obtained according to the above particle size relationship is larger than the set interval, the granulating speed of the granulator is finely adjusted to return to the set interval; if the particle size of the granulated slag is smaller than the set interval, fine granulation is finely adjusted. The speed of the device is returned to the set interval.
- the particle size can be controlled by adjusting the alkalinity of the slag and adjusting the viscosity-temperature characteristics of the slag.
- the invention provides a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method, the particle size control method is applicable to a plurality of liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation systems, and a method is proposed herein;
- the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises: a granulator 219, a granulator fixing device 232 and a granulator driving device;
- the granulator 219 has a disk shape or a cup shape, and the edge inclination angle is 30° to 60°, the center A flow guiding cone is provided;
- the granulator 219 is fixed on the granulator fixing device 232;
- the granulator fixing device 232 is internally provided with an air flow passage 233; and the granulator fixing device 232 is connected to the bottom of the granulator 219 to provide extended heat.
- the surface 234, such as an annular rib, can better cool the granulator fixture;
- the granulator fixture 232 has a plurality of first tuyées 236 at the top, and the outlet angle of the first tuyere and the edge of the granulator When intersected, the liquid film or liquid filament formed during the granulation process can be externally broken to enhance the granulation effect;
- the granulator fixing device 232 is provided with a plurality of second tuy (2006) 235 on the side, and the second tuyere and the edge of the granulator are inclined Parallel or cross, the droplets formed by the liquid filament breakage during granulation can be cooled to increase the glass transition rate.
- the first tuyere 236 and the second tuyere 235 are in communication with the air flow passage 233.
- the granulator driving device includes a motor 209, a sealing cover 210, a rotating shaft 223, a shaft sleeve 222, an inner tube sleeve 217, an outer tube sleeve 216, a hood 220, and the like.
- the motor 209 and the rotating shaft 223 are coupled by a coupling 211; the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of temperature-resistant blades 224; the bottom of the rotating shaft 223 is provided with a temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212, and one or more temperature-resistant positioning bearings 221 are provided at the middle and the upper portion of the rotating shaft.
- the uppermost positioning bearing should be as close as possible to the bottom of the granulator fixing device 232.
- the rotating shaft of the high-speed rotating shaft can be improved due to the inaccurate mechanical structure, thereby affecting the granulation effect, and on the other hand, the life of the device can be prolonged.
- the shaft cooling air duct includes a motor seal cover 210, an air duct inner sleeve 217, a shaft sleeve 222, and a rotating shaft 223.
- the sealing cover 210 surrounds the outer circumference of the motor 209, and the inner sleeve 217 and the shaft sleeve 222 are sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 223; the inner rings of the temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212 and the temperature-resistant positioning bearing 221 are fixed on the rotating shaft 223, and the outer ring Fixed to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct; the shaft sleeve 222 is fixed between the outer ring of the upper temperature-resistant bearing and the outer ring of the lower temperature-resistant bearing thereof, and the temperature-resistant blade 224 is surrounded therein; the temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212 and The air temperature locating bearing 221 is provided with a supply air flow path 218.
- a granulator fixing device 232 is fixed to the
- the sealing cover 210 is fixedly connected to the inner tube sleeve 217, communicates through the vent 226, and the shaft cooling air enters from the sealing cover tuyere 227. After cooling the rotating shaft 223 through the inside of the shaft sleeve 222, most of it enters the granulator fixing device 232.
- the air flow passage 233 enters the granulation chamber from the plurality of first tuyere 236 and the second tuyere 235 which are annularly distributed from the top and the side wall of the granulator fixing device 232, and a small portion from the granulator fixing device 232 and the inner tube sleeve 217 A narrow gap enters the granulation bin.
- An outer tube sleeve 216 is disposed on the outer circumference of the inner tube sleeve 217, and an annular cooling air passage is formed between the inner tube sleeve 217 and the outer tube sleeve 216.
- the top of the annular cooling air channel is annularly arranged with a plurality of hoods 220, and the hood 220
- the air outlet is lower than the air outlets of the first tuyere 236 and the second tuyere 235.
- An annular cooling air duct air inlet 225 is opened at the bottom of the outer tube sleeve 216.
- the granulator fixing device 232 is composed of two parts, left and right, and is fixed by a pin and a hoop.
- the pin is removed, the granulator 219 and the granulator fixing device 232 can be removed, the pin and the hoop can be removed, and the left and right parts of the granulator fixing device 232 can be disassembled and removed.
- the granulator 219 can be removed after the annular clamp.
- the granulator 219 is cracked, the cracked granulator 219 is not smashed due to the presence of the granulator base and the fixture, and the liquid slag does not drip directly onto the transmission and the motor 209. Ensure system safety before downtime.
- the granulator fixing device 232 is internally provided with a streamlined flow passage 233; at the same time, the gap between the bottom side of the granulator base and the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct is small, so that most of the wind sent from the lower portion of the granulator base can enter.
- the granulator fixture 232 is cooled while facilitating the blowing of wind from the granulator base to the edge of the granulator 219 to enhance granulation.
- the rotating shaft 223 and the granulator fixing device 232 are connected by a hollow flange, and the hollow flange has a section of air heat insulating layer between the granulator base and the rotating shaft 223 to block the granulator 219 and the rotating shaft 223.
- the heat transfer between the granulator base is not transmitted to the rotating shaft 223, so that the granulator 219 can be safely and stably operated, and the granulation effect can be better realized.
- the cooling air is generated by the fan, entering from the sealing hood tuyere 227, most of the annular air duct passing through the granulator fixing device enters the granulation chamber, and a small part is from the fixing device and the air duct inner sleeve.
- the narrow gap between the cylinders 217 enters the granulation chamber; in the second embodiment, the first and second or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades 224 are arranged on the rotating shaft 223, and the cooling wind is generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, and most of them are fixed by the granulator.
- the annular duct of unit 232 enters the granulation chamber and a small portion enters the granulation chamber from a narrow gap between the fixture and the inner sleeve 217 of the duct.
- the rotating shaft 223 is provided with one-stage, two-stage or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades 224. When the rotating shaft 223 rotates at a high speed, on the one hand, the flow power of the shaft cooling air passage is generated, and the acceleration shaft cooling air shaft and the granulator fixing device are generated.
- the temperature-resistant blade 224 can also be used as a rib structure to enhance the overall heat dissipation of the rotating shaft 223; in the third mode, the wind blower and the small temperature-resistant blade are combined with the high-speed rotating wind as the shaft cooling wind, and the shaft cooling wind Cooling of components such as the track and the shaft.
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Abstract
A liquid molten slag dry-type centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method based on a liquid molten slag dry-type centrifugal graining system, the liquid molten slag dry-type centrifugal graining system comprising a temperature control unit, a flow control unit and a granulator control unit; the temperature control unit is used for controlling high-temperature molten slag inside a liquid melting buffer storage device to be maintained in a set temperature range and controlling the temperature of outflow molten slag from the buffer storage device to be maintained in a set temperature range; the flow control unit is used for controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature outflow molten slag from the buffer storage device to be in a set range and guaranteeing the stability of the flow rate; and the granulator control unit is used for controlling a granulator to operate smoothly. The granulated slag particle size control method can prevent reduction of conversion rate of glass bodies due to overlarge granulated slag particles, prevent wall adhesion of the granulated slag particles and low conversion rate of the glass bodies due to over-small granulated slag particles, control the particle size of the granulated particles of the liquid molten slag, and provide references for industrial application of the dry-type centrifugal granulation technology.
Description
本发明涉及高温液态熔渣余热回收技术领域,特别涉及液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of high temperature liquid slag waste heat recovery, in particular to a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method.
中国目前是全球最大的钢铁生产国。2016年中国生铁产量约7.01亿吨,约占世界总产量的60%,在冶炼生铁的过程中同时会产生蕴含巨大热量的高炉渣。高炉渣的出炉温度一般在1400~1550℃之间,每吨渣含(1260~1880)×10
3kJ的显热,相当于60kg标准煤。在我国现有的炼铁技术下,每生产1吨生铁副产0.3吨高炉渣,以目前我国生铁产量7.01亿吨进行计算,可折合产生约2.10亿吨以上的高炉渣,其显热量相当于约1261.8万吨标准煤。
China is currently the world's largest steel producer. In 2016, China's pig iron production was about 701 million tons, accounting for about 60% of the world's total production. In the process of smelting pig iron, blast furnace slag containing huge heat was also produced. The blast furnace slag is generally discharged at a temperature between 1400 and 1550 ° C. Each ton of slag contains (1260 to 1880) × 10 3 kJ of sensible heat, equivalent to 60 kg of standard coal. Under the existing ironmaking technology in China, for every ton of pig iron produced by the production of 0.3 tons of blast furnace slag, the current calculation of pig iron production in China is 701 million tons, which can be converted into blast furnace slag of about 210 million tons. About 12.618 million tons of standard coal.
干渣坑冷却法和水冲渣法是目前我国最常见的高炉渣处理方法。干渣坑法降温时产生大量水蒸气,同时释放出大量的H
2S和SO
2气体,腐蚀建筑、破坏设备和恶化工作环境。水冲渣法在处理过程浪费大量水资源,产生SO
2和H
2S等有害气体,也不能有效回收高温液态熔渣所含有的高品质余热资源。目前,这些处理方式已不能适应目前钢铁行业节能减排的迫切需求,而干式离心粒化法由于系统能耗低,粒径小且均匀,产品附加值高等特点而受到广泛青睐。
The dry slag pit cooling method and the water slag slag method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods in China. The dry slag method produces a large amount of water vapor when it is cooled, and at the same time releases a large amount of H 2 S and SO 2 gas, corroding the building, destroying the equipment and deteriorating the working environment. The water slag method wastes a lot of water resources during the treatment process, generates harmful gases such as SO 2 and H 2 S, and cannot effectively recover high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag. At present, these treatment methods can not meet the urgent needs of energy saving and emission reduction in the current steel industry, and the dry centrifugal granulation method is widely favored due to low system energy consumption, small and uniform particle size, and high added value of products.
在干法离心粒化过程中,液态熔渣滴落到高速旋转的粒化器表面,在离心力和摩擦力的作用下被甩出,在表面张力的作用下形成小液滴,这些微小的液滴与空间中的传热介质(一般为空气)进行强制对流换热,与周围环境进行辐射换热,使小液滴温度降低,进而发生相变,形成凝固层。随着温度进一步降低,液滴逐渐转变成固体小颗粒。然而,若粒化渣粒粒径过大,在空间内与传热介质的换热过程中,熔融状的渣粒冷却速率降低,易向晶相转变, 从而造成其玻璃体转化率降低,影响粒化渣粒的高效资源化利用;若粒化渣粒粒径过小,其飞行距离较远,易在熔融状态或外凝内熔融状态下撞击到粒化仓壁面从而粘结在其上,且容易粘结成大块。若高温渣粒均粘结在壁面上且粘结成大块,一方面,易造成粒化仓壁面的超温、腐蚀等情况,冷却后粘结的大块不易清理,给检修工作带来极大工作量;另一方面,粘结成大块的渣粒,在粒化仓空间内缓慢冷却,有充分时间结晶,从而降低其玻璃体转化率,影响其高效资源化利用。因此,为保证干式离心粒化的正常进行,提供一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法刻不容缓。In the dry centrifugal granulation process, the liquid slag drops onto the surface of the high-speed rotating granulator, and is scooped out under the action of centrifugal force and friction force to form small droplets under the action of surface tension. These tiny liquids The droplets are forced to convective heat transfer with a heat transfer medium (generally air) in the space, and radiative heat exchange with the surrounding environment causes the temperature of the small droplets to decrease, and then a phase change occurs to form a solidified layer. As the temperature is further reduced, the droplets gradually transform into solid small particles. However, if the particle size of the granulated slag is too large, the cooling rate of the molten slag particles is reduced during the heat exchange with the heat transfer medium in the space, and the crystal phase is easily changed, thereby causing a decrease in the glass transition rate and affecting the particles. The high-efficiency resource utilization of the slag particles; if the particle size of the granulated slag particles is too small, the flight distance is too long, and it is easy to hit the granulated warehouse wall surface in the molten state or the external condensed molten state to adhere thereto, and Easy to bond into large pieces. If the high-temperature slag particles are bonded to the wall surface and bonded into a large block, on the one hand, it is easy to cause over-temperature and corrosion of the granulated warehouse wall surface, and the large block that is bonded after cooling is not easy to clean, which brings the pole for maintenance work. On the other hand, the slag particles bonded into a large block are slowly cooled in the granulated space and have sufficient time to crystallize, thereby reducing the glass transition rate and affecting its efficient resource utilization. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal progress of dry centrifugal granulation, it is urgent to provide a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,以解决上述技术问题;本发明控制方法能够有效避免粒化渣粒过大造成其玻璃体转化率降低,粒化渣粒过小造成粒化渣粒粘壁和玻璃体转化率低。The object of the present invention is to provide a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method to solve the above technical problem; the control method of the invention can effectively prevent the granulated slag particles from being excessively caused to cause a decrease in the vitreous conversion rate thereof. When the slag particles are too small, the granulated slag particles have a low wall and glass transition rate.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,基于一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统;所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统包括温度控制单元、流量控制单元和粒化器控制单元;Liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method based on a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system; the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises temperature control unit, flow control unit and granulation Control unit
温度控制单元,用于控制液态熔化缓存装置内的高温熔渣保持设定温度范围内,控制缓存装置的出流熔渣温度保持设定温度范围内;a temperature control unit for controlling the high temperature slag in the liquid melting buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, and controlling the outflow slag temperature of the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range;
流量控制单元,用于控制缓存装置的出流高温熔渣流量在设定范围,保证流量的平稳性;a flow control unit for controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature slag flowing out of the buffer device in a set range to ensure the smoothness of the flow;
粒化器控制单元,用于控制粒化器中心与缓存装置落渣管中心对中,同时保证粒化器在高速旋转过程中平稳运行;a granulator control unit for controlling the centering of the granulator center and the center of the slag tube of the buffer device, and ensuring smooth operation of the granulator during high-speed rotation;
所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,具体包括以下步骤:The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method specifically comprises the following steps:
首先通过温度控制单元、流量控制单元及粒化器控制单元,控制落入粒化器中液态熔渣的温度和流量,并确保粒化器与落渣管对中且平稳无晃动;然后进入调试,通过工艺试验, 调节粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度,得到粒化渣粒粒径与粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度的关系;First, through the temperature control unit, flow control unit and granulator control unit, control the temperature and flow rate of the liquid slag falling into the granulator, and ensure that the granulator and the slag tube are centered and smooth without shaking; then enter the commissioning Through the process test, adjusting the granulator rotation speed, outflow flow rate, viscosity temperature characteristics, granulator structure, granulator size, granulator surface roughness, granulator edge wind speed and angle, to obtain granulated slag particles Particle size and granulator rotation speed, outflow flow rate, viscosity temperature characteristics, granulator structure, granulator size, granulator surface roughness, granulator edge wind speed and angle;
当通过工艺试验获得粒化渣粒粒径与粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度的关系后,开始正常粒化过程;When the process test is used to obtain the granulated particle size and granulator rotation speed, the outflow flow rate, the viscosity temperature characteristic, the granulator structure, the granulator size, the granulator surface roughness, the granulator edge wind speed and the angle After the relationship, the normal granulation process begins;
若正常粒化过程中,根据上述粒径关系获得的粒化渣粒粒径大于其设定区间,通过微调大粒化器转速,使其回归设定区间;若粒化渣粒粒径小于设定区间,通过微调小粒化器转速,使其回归设定区间。If the particle size of the granulated slag obtained according to the above particle size relationship is larger than the set interval during the normal granulation process, the granule speed of the granulator is finely adjusted to return to the set interval; if the particle size of the granulated slag is smaller than the set The interval is adjusted to the set interval by fine-tuning the small granulator speed.
进一步的,温度控制单元的控温手段包括:缓存装置自带温控程序、缓存装置采用补热手段、缓存装置自带温控程序并添加补热手段。Further, the temperature control means of the temperature control unit includes: the cache device has a temperature control program, the cache device adopts a heat supplement method, the cache device has a temperature control program, and a heat supplement method is added.
进一步的,若熔渣已知的粘温特性不能满足控制粒化渣粒粒径的要求,通过调节熔渣的碱度进而调节熔渣的粘温特性,从而实现对粒径的控制。Further, if the known viscosity-temperature characteristic of the slag cannot satisfy the requirement of controlling the particle size of the granulated slag, the particle size can be controlled by adjusting the alkalinity of the slag to adjust the viscosity-temperature characteristic of the slag.
进一步的,液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统包括:粒化器、粒化器固定装置和粒化器驱动装置;粒化器固定在粒化器固定装置上;粒化器固定装置内部设有气流通道,粒化器固定装置接触粒化器的底部设置扩展受热面;粒化器固定装置顶部开有多个第一风口,顶部第一风口的出风角度与粒化器边缘倾角相交,用于对粒化过程中形成的液膜或液丝进行外力破碎;粒化器固定装置侧面设有多个第二风口,第二风口与粒化器边缘倾斜角度平行或交叉,用于对粒化过程中液丝断裂形成的液滴进行冷却;第一风口和第二风口与气流通道连通;粒化器驱动装置用于驱动粒化器旋转。Further, the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises: a granulator, a granulator fixing device and a granulator driving device; the granulator is fixed on the granulator fixing device; the granulator fixing device is internally provided In the air flow channel, the granulator fixing device is arranged to contact the bottom of the granulator to provide an extended heating surface; the top of the granulator fixing device is provided with a plurality of first air outlets, and the outlet angle of the first first air outlet intersects the inclination angle of the granulator edge, The liquid film or the liquid filament formed during the granulation process is externally crushed; the granulator fixing device is provided with a plurality of second tuyères on the side, and the second tuyere is parallel or intersected with the inclination angle of the edge of the granulator for granulation The droplets formed by the liquid filament breakage during the process are cooled; the first tuyere and the second tuyere are in communication with the gas flow passage; the granulator drive is used to drive the granulator to rotate.
进一步的,还包括粒化器驱动装置和轴冷却风道;粒化器驱动装置包括电机和转轴;电机的输出轴与转轴的下端固定连接;转轴的上端与粒化器固定装置的底部固定连接;转轴上设有若干耐温叶片;轴冷却风道包括电机密封罩、风管内套筒、轴套筒和转轴;密封罩围绕 在电机外周,风管内套筒和轴套筒套设于转轴的外周;耐温推力轴承和耐温定位轴承的内圈均固定在转轴上,外圈固定在风管内套筒内壁;轴套筒固定在其顶部耐温轴承的外圈和其下部的耐温轴承的外圈之间,将耐温叶片包围于其中;耐温推力轴承和耐温定位轴承上均设有供气流流道;密封罩与风管内套筒固定连接,通过通风口连通;风管内套筒外周布置有风管外套筒,风管内套筒与风管外套筒之间形成环形冷却风道,环形冷却风道顶部环形布置有若干风帽;风管外套筒底部开有环形冷却风道进风口。Further, the invention further comprises a granulator driving device and a shaft cooling air duct; the granulator driving device comprises a motor and a rotating shaft; the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft; and the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the granulator fixing device; a plurality of temperature-resistant blades are arranged on the rotating shaft; the shaft cooling air duct comprises a motor sealing cover, an inner sleeve of the air duct, a shaft sleeve and a rotating shaft; the sealing cover surrounds the outer circumference of the motor, and the sleeve and the shaft sleeve of the air duct are sleeved on the rotating shaft The outer circumference; the inner ring of the temperature-resistant thrust bearing and the temperature-resistant locating bearing are fixed on the rotating shaft, and the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve of the air duct; the outer sleeve of the shaft sleeve is fixed on the outer ring of the temperature-resistant bearing at the top thereof and the temperature-resistant bearing of the lower part thereof The temperature-resistant blades are surrounded by the outer ring; the temperature-resistant thrust bearing and the temperature-resistant locating bearing are provided with air flow passages; the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the inner sleeve of the air duct, and is connected through the vent; the inner sleeve of the air duct An outer sleeve of the air duct is arranged around the outer circumference of the cylinder, and an annular cooling air duct is formed between the inner sleeve of the air duct and the outer sleeve of the air duct, and a plurality of wind hoods are arranged annularly at the top of the annular cooling air duct; Cool the air duct inlet.
进一步的,轴冷却风从密封罩风口进入,经过轴套筒内部对转轴冷却后,大部分进入粒化器固定装置的气流通道,从粒化器固定装置顶部和侧壁环形均布的多个第一风口和第二风口进入粒化仓,小部分从粒化器固定装置与风管内套筒之间狭小缝隙进入粒化仓。Further, the shaft cooling air enters from the air vent of the sealing cover, and after cooling the rotating shaft through the inside of the shaft sleeve, most of the air flow passages entering the granulator fixing device are uniformly distributed from the top of the granulator fixing device and the side walls. The first tuyere and the second tuyere enter the granulation chamber, and a small portion enters the granulation chamber from a narrow gap between the granulator fixture and the inner sleeve of the duct.
进一步的,风帽的出风口低于第一风口和第二风口的出风口。Further, the air outlet of the hood is lower than the air outlet of the first air outlet and the second air outlet.
进一步的,转轴底部设有耐温推力轴承,转轴中部及上部设有一个或者多个耐温定位轴承,其中最上部定位轴承应尽量靠近粒化器固定装置底部。Further, the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a temperature-resistant thrust bearing, and one or more temperature-resistant positioning bearings are arranged in the middle and the upper part of the rotating shaft, wherein the uppermost positioning bearing should be as close as possible to the bottom of the granulator fixing device.
进一步的,轴冷却风有三种产生方式:Further, there are three ways to generate shaft cooling air:
方式一,通过风机产生冷却风,从密封罩风口进入,大部分经过粒化器固定装置的气流流道流出,小部分从固定装置与风管内套筒之间狭小缝隙流出;In the first mode, the cooling air is generated by the fan, and enters from the air outlet of the sealing cover, most of which flows out through the air flow passage of the granulator fixing device, and a small portion flows out from the narrow gap between the fixing device and the inner sleeve of the air duct;
方式二,转轴上的耐温叶片随转轴的高速旋转产生冷却风,大部分经过粒化器固定装置的气流流道流出,小部分从固定装置与风管内套筒之间狭小缝隙流出;In the second mode, the temperature-resistant blades on the rotating shaft generate cooling air with the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, and most of the airflow passages passing through the granulator fixing device flow out, and a small portion flows out from a narrow gap between the fixing device and the inner sleeve of the air duct;
方式三,风机出风与耐温叶片高速旋转出风配合作为轴冷却风,对轴冷却风道及转轴进行冷却。In the third mode, the fan air outlet and the high temperature rotating blade of the temperature resistant blade cooperate as the shaft cooling wind to cool the shaft cooling air duct and the rotating shaft.
相对于现有技术,本发明据有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明提供的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,可有效控制粒化渣粒粒径,避免粒化渣粒过大造成其玻璃体转化率降低,避免粒化渣粒过小造成粒化渣粒粘壁和玻璃体 转化率低,为工业应用提供一定参考。(1) The method for controlling the particle size of the dry granulated granulated slag of the liquid slag provided by the invention can effectively control the particle size of the granulated slag, avoiding the excessive conversion of the granulated slag particles, thereby reducing the conversion rate of the vitreous body and avoiding the granulated slag. The small size of the particles causes the viscous slag particles to adhere to the wall and the glass body has a low conversion rate, which provides a certain reference for industrial applications.
(2)本发明在粒径控制中提出了一种可保证粒化器边缘出风的结构,其中粒化器固定装置顶部开有多个风口,其出风角度与粒化器边缘倾角相交,可对粒化过程中形成的液膜或液丝进行外力破碎,加强粒化效果。(2) The present invention proposes a structure for ensuring the air outlet at the edge of the granulator in the particle size control, wherein the granulator fixing device has a plurality of tuyères at the top thereof, and the outlet angle intersects the dip angle of the granulator edge. The liquid film or liquid filament formed during the granulation process can be externally broken to enhance the granulation effect.
(3)本发明在粒径控制中提出了一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统,其中转轴上设有一级、两级或者多级的小型耐温叶片。在粒化过程中,转轴带动耐温叶片高速旋转,一方面,会产生风道的流动动力,加强粒化边缘风的破碎效果,同时加速轴冷却风对轴、粒化器固定装置的冷却,另一方面,耐温叶片也可作为肋片结构,强化转轴的整体散热。(3) The present invention proposes a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system in particle size control, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with one-stage, two-stage or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades. During the granulation process, the rotating shaft drives the temperature-resistant blade to rotate at a high speed. On the one hand, the flow power of the air duct is generated, the crushing effect of the granulated edge wind is enhanced, and the cooling of the shaft cooling device to the shaft and the granulator fixing device is accelerated. On the other hand, the temperature-resistant blade can also be used as a rib structure to enhance the overall heat dissipation of the rotating shaft.
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
图1为液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法的流程图;1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the particle size of a dry granulated granulated slag of liquid slag;
图2为液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统示意图;2 is a schematic view of a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system;
图3为粒化器固定装置示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic view of the granulator fixture.
209-电机;210-密封罩;211-联轴器;216-风管外套筒;217-风管内套筒;219-粒化器;220-风帽;222-轴套筒;223-转轴;224-耐温叶片;225-环形风风口;226-通风口;227-密封罩风口;232-粒化器固定装置;233-气流流道;234-扩展受热面;235-第二风口;236-第一风口。209-motor; 210-sealing cover; 211-coupling; 216-outer sleeve; 217-duct in duct; 219-granulator; 220-hood; 222-shaft sleeve; 223-shaft; 224-temperature resistant blade; 225-annular air vent; 226-vent; 227-sealed hood tuyere; 232-granulator fixture; 233-airflow runner; 234-expanded heating surface; 235-second tuyer; - The first air outlet.
请参阅图1~3所示,本发明一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,基于一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统;所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统包括:温度控制单元、流量控制单元和粒化器控制单元;1 to 3, the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method of the present invention is based on a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system; the liquid slag dry centrifugal granule The system includes: a temperature control unit, a flow control unit, and a granulator control unit;
温度控制单元,用于控制缓存装置内的高温熔渣保持设定温度范围内,控制缓存装置的 出流熔渣温度保持设定温度范围内,进而通过已知的粘温特性控制其粘度值。温度控制单元的控温手段很多,如缓存装置自带温控程序、缓存装置补热手段、缓存装置自带温控程序并添加补热手段等。The temperature control unit is configured to control the high temperature slag in the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, control the outflow slag temperature of the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, and then control the viscosity value by the known viscosity temperature characteristic. There are many temperature control methods for the temperature control unit, such as the temperature control program of the cache device, the heat compensation means of the cache device, the temperature control program of the cache device, and the heating means.
流量控制单元,用于控制缓存装置的出流高温熔渣流量在设定范围,保证流量的平稳性;a flow control unit for controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature slag flowing out of the buffer device in a set range to ensure the smoothness of the flow;
粒化器控制单元,使粒化器中心与缓存装置落渣管中心对中,同时保证粒化器在高速旋转过程中平稳运行。The granulator control unit aligns the center of the granulator with the center of the slag tube of the buffer device, while ensuring smooth operation of the granulator during high-speed rotation.
液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,具体包括以下步骤:The method for controlling the particle size of dry granulated granulated slag of liquid slag comprises the following steps:
首先通过温度控制单元、流量控制单元及粒化器控制单元,控制落入粒化器中液态熔渣的温度和流量,并确保粒化器与落渣管对中且平稳无晃动;然后进入调试,通过工艺试验,调节粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度,得到粒化渣粒粒径与粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度的关系。First, through the temperature control unit, flow control unit and granulator control unit, control the temperature and flow rate of the liquid slag falling into the granulator, and ensure that the granulator and the slag tube are centered and smooth without shaking; then enter the commissioning Through the process test, adjusting the granulator rotation speed, outflow flow rate, viscosity temperature characteristics, granulator structure, granulator size, granulator surface roughness, granulator edge wind speed and angle, to obtain granulated slag particles The relationship between particle size and granulator rotation speed, outflow flow rate, viscosity temperature characteristics, granulator structure, granulator size, granulator surface roughness, granulator edge wind speed and angle.
当通过工艺试验获得粒化渣粒粒径与粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度的关系后,开始正常粒化过程。若根据上述粒径关系获得的粒化渣粒粒径大于其设定区间,通过微调大粒化器转速,使其回归设定区间;若粒化渣粒粒径小于设定区间,通过微调小粒化器转速,使其回归设定区间。When the process test is used to obtain the granulated particle size and granulator rotation speed, the outflow flow rate, the viscosity temperature characteristic, the granulator structure, the granulator size, the granulator surface roughness, the granulator edge wind speed and the angle After the relationship, the normal granulation process begins. If the particle size of the granulated slag obtained according to the above particle size relationship is larger than the set interval, the granulating speed of the granulator is finely adjusted to return to the set interval; if the particle size of the granulated slag is smaller than the set interval, fine granulation is finely adjusted. The speed of the device is returned to the set interval.
若熔渣已知的粘温特性不能满足控制粒化渣粒粒径的要求,可通过调节熔渣的碱度进而调节熔渣的粘温特性,从而实现对粒径的控制。If the known viscosity-temperature characteristics of the slag cannot meet the requirements for controlling the particle size of the granulated slag, the particle size can be controlled by adjusting the alkalinity of the slag and adjusting the viscosity-temperature characteristics of the slag.
本发明提供一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,该粒径控制方法适用于多种液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统,在此提出一种;The invention provides a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method, the particle size control method is applicable to a plurality of liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation systems, and a method is proposed herein;
液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统包括:粒化器219、粒化器固定装置232和粒化器驱动装置;粒化器219为盘状或杯状,边缘倾角为30°~60°,中心设有导流锥;粒化器219固定在粒 化器固定装置232上;粒化器固定装置232内部设有气流通道233;粒化器固定装置232接触粒化器219的底部内设置扩展受热面234,如环形肋片等,能更好地对粒化器固定装置冷却;粒化器固定装置232顶部开有多个第一风口236,第一风口的出风角度与粒化器边缘倾角相交,可对粒化过程中形成的液膜或液丝进行外力破碎,加强粒化效果;粒化器固定装置232侧面设有多个第二风口235,第二风口与粒化器边缘倾斜角度平行或交叉,可对粒化过程中液丝断裂形成的液滴进行冷却,提高其玻璃体转化率。第一风口236和第二风口235与气流通道233连通。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises: a granulator 219, a granulator fixing device 232 and a granulator driving device; the granulator 219 has a disk shape or a cup shape, and the edge inclination angle is 30° to 60°, the center A flow guiding cone is provided; the granulator 219 is fixed on the granulator fixing device 232; the granulator fixing device 232 is internally provided with an air flow passage 233; and the granulator fixing device 232 is connected to the bottom of the granulator 219 to provide extended heat. The surface 234, such as an annular rib, can better cool the granulator fixture; the granulator fixture 232 has a plurality of first tuyères 236 at the top, and the outlet angle of the first tuyere and the edge of the granulator When intersected, the liquid film or liquid filament formed during the granulation process can be externally broken to enhance the granulation effect; the granulator fixing device 232 is provided with a plurality of second tuyères 235 on the side, and the second tuyere and the edge of the granulator are inclined Parallel or cross, the droplets formed by the liquid filament breakage during granulation can be cooled to increase the glass transition rate. The first tuyere 236 and the second tuyere 235 are in communication with the air flow passage 233.
粒化器驱动装置包括电机209、密封罩210、转轴223、轴套筒222、风管内套筒217、风管外套筒216和风帽220等。电机209与转轴223之间通过联轴器211联接;转轴上设置有若干耐温叶片224;转轴223底部设有耐温推力轴承212,转轴中部及上部设有一个或者多个耐温定位轴承221,其中最上部定位轴承应尽量靠近粒化器固定装置232底部,一方面可改善高速旋转的转轴因机械结构不够精密而产生摆动进而影响粒化效果的情况,另一方面可延长设备的寿命。The granulator driving device includes a motor 209, a sealing cover 210, a rotating shaft 223, a shaft sleeve 222, an inner tube sleeve 217, an outer tube sleeve 216, a hood 220, and the like. The motor 209 and the rotating shaft 223 are coupled by a coupling 211; the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of temperature-resistant blades 224; the bottom of the rotating shaft 223 is provided with a temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212, and one or more temperature-resistant positioning bearings 221 are provided at the middle and the upper portion of the rotating shaft. The uppermost positioning bearing should be as close as possible to the bottom of the granulator fixing device 232. On the one hand, the rotating shaft of the high-speed rotating shaft can be improved due to the inaccurate mechanical structure, thereby affecting the granulation effect, and on the other hand, the life of the device can be prolonged.
轴冷却风道包括电机密封罩210、风管内套筒217、轴套筒222和转轴223。密封罩210围绕在电机209外周,风管内套筒217和轴套筒222套设于转轴223的外周;耐温推力轴承212和耐温定位轴承221的内圈均固定在转轴223上,外圈固定在风管内套筒217内壁;轴套筒222固定在其上部耐温轴承的外圈和其下部耐温轴承的外圈之间,将耐温叶片224包围于其中;耐温推力轴承212和耐温定位轴承221上均设有供气流流道218。转轴223顶部固定有粒化器固定装置232。The shaft cooling air duct includes a motor seal cover 210, an air duct inner sleeve 217, a shaft sleeve 222, and a rotating shaft 223. The sealing cover 210 surrounds the outer circumference of the motor 209, and the inner sleeve 217 and the shaft sleeve 222 are sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 223; the inner rings of the temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212 and the temperature-resistant positioning bearing 221 are fixed on the rotating shaft 223, and the outer ring Fixed to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct; the shaft sleeve 222 is fixed between the outer ring of the upper temperature-resistant bearing and the outer ring of the lower temperature-resistant bearing thereof, and the temperature-resistant blade 224 is surrounded therein; the temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212 and The air temperature locating bearing 221 is provided with a supply air flow path 218. A granulator fixing device 232 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 223.
密封罩210与风管内套筒217固定连接,通过通风口226连通,轴冷却风从密封罩风口227进入,经过轴套筒222内部对转轴223冷却后,大部分进入粒化器固定装置232的气流通道233,从粒化器固定装置232顶部和侧壁环形均布的多个第一风口236和第二风口235进入 粒化仓,小部分从粒化器固定装置232与风管内套筒217之间狭小缝隙进入粒化仓。风管内套筒217外周布置有风管外套筒216,风管内套筒217与风管外套筒216之间形成环形冷却风道,环形冷却风道顶部环形布置有若干风帽220,风帽220的出风口低于第一风口236和第二风口235的出风口。在风管外套筒216底部开有环形冷却风道进风口225。The sealing cover 210 is fixedly connected to the inner tube sleeve 217, communicates through the vent 226, and the shaft cooling air enters from the sealing cover tuyere 227. After cooling the rotating shaft 223 through the inside of the shaft sleeve 222, most of it enters the granulator fixing device 232. The air flow passage 233 enters the granulation chamber from the plurality of first tuyere 236 and the second tuyere 235 which are annularly distributed from the top and the side wall of the granulator fixing device 232, and a small portion from the granulator fixing device 232 and the inner tube sleeve 217 A narrow gap enters the granulation bin. An outer tube sleeve 216 is disposed on the outer circumference of the inner tube sleeve 217, and an annular cooling air passage is formed between the inner tube sleeve 217 and the outer tube sleeve 216. The top of the annular cooling air channel is annularly arranged with a plurality of hoods 220, and the hood 220 The air outlet is lower than the air outlets of the first tuyere 236 and the second tuyere 235. An annular cooling air duct air inlet 225 is opened at the bottom of the outer tube sleeve 216.
在本发明中,粒化器固定装置232由左右两部分组成,通过销钉、抱箍固定。粒化器219损坏时,拆下销钉,可以取下粒化器219和粒化器固定装置232,拆下销钉、抱箍,可以将粒化器固定装置232的左右两部分拆开,取下环形卡箍后就可取下粒化器219。当粒化器219出现开裂时,由于粒化器底座及固定装置的存在,开裂的粒化器219不会被甩飞,同时液态熔渣不会直接滴落到传动装置和电机209上,在停机检修之前保证系统安全。同时,只需更换粒化器219就可以,减少了一般粒化器219因受损而更换整个粒化装置的费用。粒化器固定装置232内部开有流线型流动通道233;同时粒化器底座底部侧面与风道内套筒217之间的缝隙很小,便于由粒化器底座下部送来的风大部分都能进入到流线型流动通道233,对粒化器固定装置232进行冷却,同时便于由粒化器底座送来的风吹到粒化器219的边缘,以加强粒化。In the present invention, the granulator fixing device 232 is composed of two parts, left and right, and is fixed by a pin and a hoop. When the granulator 219 is damaged, the pin is removed, the granulator 219 and the granulator fixing device 232 can be removed, the pin and the hoop can be removed, and the left and right parts of the granulator fixing device 232 can be disassembled and removed. The granulator 219 can be removed after the annular clamp. When the granulator 219 is cracked, the cracked granulator 219 is not smashed due to the presence of the granulator base and the fixture, and the liquid slag does not drip directly onto the transmission and the motor 209. Ensure system safety before downtime. At the same time, it is only necessary to replace the granulator 219, which reduces the cost of replacing the entire granulator by the general granulator 219 due to damage. The granulator fixing device 232 is internally provided with a streamlined flow passage 233; at the same time, the gap between the bottom side of the granulator base and the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct is small, so that most of the wind sent from the lower portion of the granulator base can enter. To the streamlined flow passage 233, the granulator fixture 232 is cooled while facilitating the blowing of wind from the granulator base to the edge of the granulator 219 to enhance granulation.
本发明中,采用空心法兰对转轴223和粒化器固定装置232进行连接,空心法兰使粒化器底座和转轴223之间有一段空气绝热层以阻断粒化器219和转轴223之间热量传递,使粒化器底座的热量不至于传递到转轴223上,保证粒化器219能够安全、稳定运行,更好的实现粒化效果。In the present invention, the rotating shaft 223 and the granulator fixing device 232 are connected by a hollow flange, and the hollow flange has a section of air heat insulating layer between the granulator base and the rotating shaft 223 to block the granulator 219 and the rotating shaft 223. The heat transfer between the granulator base is not transmitted to the rotating shaft 223, so that the granulator 219 can be safely and stably operated, and the granulation effect can be better realized.
轴冷却风有三种产生方式:方式一,通过风机产生冷却风,从密封罩风口227进入,大部分经过粒化器固定装置的环形风道进入粒化仓,小部分从固定装置与风管内套筒217之间狭小缝隙进入粒化仓;方式二,在转轴223上设有一级、两级或者多级的小型耐温叶片224,通过转轴的高速旋转产生冷却风,大部分经过粒化器固定装置232的环形风道进入粒化仓, 小部分从固定装置与风管内套筒217之间狭小缝隙进入粒化仓。转轴223上设有一级、两级或者多级的小型耐温叶片224,随转轴223高速旋转,一方面,会产生轴冷却风道的流动动力,加速轴冷却风对轴、粒化器固定装置的冷却,另一方面,耐温叶片224也可作为肋片结构,强化转轴223的整体散热;方式三,风机出风与小型耐温叶片高速旋转出风配合作为轴冷却风,对轴冷却风道及转轴等部件进行冷却。最后应说明的是:以上实施方式仅用以说明本发明而非限制本发明所描述的技术方案;因此,尽管本说明书参照上述的各个实施方式对本发明已进行了详细说明,但是,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,仍然可以对本发明进行修改或等同替换;而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。There are three ways to generate the shaft cooling air: mode one, the cooling air is generated by the fan, entering from the sealing hood tuyere 227, most of the annular air duct passing through the granulator fixing device enters the granulation chamber, and a small part is from the fixing device and the air duct inner sleeve. The narrow gap between the cylinders 217 enters the granulation chamber; in the second embodiment, the first and second or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades 224 are arranged on the rotating shaft 223, and the cooling wind is generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, and most of them are fixed by the granulator. The annular duct of unit 232 enters the granulation chamber and a small portion enters the granulation chamber from a narrow gap between the fixture and the inner sleeve 217 of the duct. The rotating shaft 223 is provided with one-stage, two-stage or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades 224. When the rotating shaft 223 rotates at a high speed, on the one hand, the flow power of the shaft cooling air passage is generated, and the acceleration shaft cooling air shaft and the granulator fixing device are generated. Cooling, on the other hand, the temperature-resistant blade 224 can also be used as a rib structure to enhance the overall heat dissipation of the rotating shaft 223; in the third mode, the wind blower and the small temperature-resistant blade are combined with the high-speed rotating wind as the shaft cooling wind, and the shaft cooling wind Cooling of components such as the track and the shaft. It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention; therefore, although the present specification has been described in detail with reference to the various embodiments described above, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
- 液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于,基于一种液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统;所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统包括温度控制单元、流量控制单元和粒化器控制单元;Liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method, characterized in that it is based on a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system; the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises temperature control unit, flow control Unit and granulator control unit;温度控制单元,用于控制液态熔渣缓存装置内的高温熔渣保持设定温度范围内,控制缓存装置的出流熔渣温度保持设定温度范围内;a temperature control unit for controlling the high temperature slag in the liquid slag buffer device to maintain the set temperature range, and controlling the outflow slag temperature of the buffer device to maintain the set temperature range;流量控制单元,用于控制缓存装置的出流高温熔渣流量在设定范围,保证流量的平稳性;a flow control unit for controlling the flow rate of the high-temperature slag flowing out of the buffer device in a set range to ensure the smoothness of the flow;粒化器控制单元,用于控制粒化器中心与缓存装置落渣管中心对中,同时保证粒化器在高速旋转过程中平稳运行;a granulator control unit for controlling the centering of the granulator center and the center of the slag tube of the buffer device, and ensuring smooth operation of the granulator during high-speed rotation;所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,具体包括以下步骤:The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method specifically comprises the following steps:首先通过温度控制单元、流量控制单元及粒化器控制单元,控制落入粒化器中液态熔渣的温度和流量,并确保粒化器与落渣管对中且平稳无晃动;然后进入调试,通过工艺试验,调节粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度,得到粒化渣粒粒径与粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度的关系;First, through the temperature control unit, flow control unit and granulator control unit, control the temperature and flow rate of the liquid slag falling into the granulator, and ensure that the granulator and the slag tube are centered and smooth without shaking; then enter the commissioning Through the process test, adjusting the granulator rotation speed, outflow flow rate, viscosity temperature characteristics, granulator structure, granulator size, granulator surface roughness, granulator edge wind speed and angle, to obtain granulated slag particles Particle size and granulator rotation speed, outflow flow rate, viscosity temperature characteristics, granulator structure, granulator size, granulator surface roughness, granulator edge wind speed and angle;当通过工艺试验获得粒化渣粒粒径与粒化器转速、出流流量、粘温特性、粒化器结构、粒化器尺寸、粒化器表面粗糙度、粒化器边缘风风速及角度的关系后,开始正常粒化过程;When the process test is used to obtain the granulated particle size and granulator rotation speed, the outflow flow rate, the viscosity temperature characteristic, the granulator structure, the granulator size, the granulator surface roughness, the granulator edge wind speed and the angle After the relationship, the normal granulation process begins;若正常粒化过程中,根据上述粒径关系获得的粒化渣粒粒径大于其设定区间,通过微调大粒化器转速,使其回归设定区间;若粒化渣粒粒径小于设定区间,通过微调小粒化器转速,使其回归设定区间。If the particle size of the granulated slag obtained according to the above particle size relationship is larger than the set interval during the normal granulation process, the granule speed of the granulator is finely adjusted to return to the set interval; if the particle size of the granulated slag is smaller than the set The interval is adjusted to the set interval by fine-tuning the small granulator speed.
- 根据权利要求1所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于,温度控制单元的控温手段包括:缓存装置自带温控程序、缓存装置采用补热手段、缓存装置自带温控程序并添加补热手段。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control unit comprises: the cache device has a temperature control program, and the cache device uses a heat compensation method. The cache device comes with a temperature control program and adds heat compensation.
- 根据权利要求1所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于,若熔渣已知的粘温特性不能满足控制粒化渣粒粒径的要求,通过调节熔渣的碱度进而调节熔渣的粘温特性,从而实现对粒径的控制。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method according to claim 1, wherein if the known viscosity-temperature characteristic of the slag cannot satisfy the requirement of controlling the particle size of the granulated slag, the melting is regulated. The alkalinity of the slag further adjusts the viscosity-temperature characteristics of the slag, thereby achieving control of the particle size.
- 根据权利要求1所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于:所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统,包括:粒化器(219)、粒化器固定装置(232)和粒化器驱动装置;粒化器固定在粒化器固定装置(232)上;粒化器固定装置内部设有气流通道(233),粒化器固定装置接触粒化器的底部设置扩展受热面(234);粒化器固定装置顶部开有多个第一风口(236),顶部第一风口的出风角度与粒化器边缘倾角相交,用于对粒化过程中形成的液膜或液丝进行外力破碎;粒化器固定装置(232)侧面设有多个第二风口(235),第二风口与粒化器边缘倾斜角度平行或交叉,用于对粒化过程中液丝断裂形成的液滴进行冷却;第一风口和第二风口与气流通道(233)连通;粒化器驱动装置用于驱动粒化器旋转。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated particle size control method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system comprises: a granulator (219) and a granulator a fixing device (232) and a granulator driving device; the granulator is fixed on the granulator fixing device (232); the granulator fixing device is internally provided with an air flow passage (233), and the granulator fixing device contacts the granulator The bottom of the granulator fixture is provided with a plurality of first tuyères (236), and the outlet angle of the top first tuyere intersects the dip angle of the edge of the granulator for granulation The formed liquid film or liquid filament is subjected to external force crushing; a plurality of second tuyères (235) are arranged on the side of the granulator fixing device (232), and the second tuyere is parallel or intersected with the inclination angle of the edge of the granulator for granulation The droplets formed by the breakage of the liquid filament are cooled during the process; the first tuyere and the second tuyere are in communication with the gas flow passage (233); the granulator drive is used to drive the granulator to rotate.
- 根据权利要求4所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于:所述液态熔渣干式离心粒化系统还包括粒化器驱动装置和轴冷却风道;The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation particle size control method according to claim 4, wherein the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation system further comprises a granulator driving device and a shaft cooling air passage;粒化器驱动装置包括电机(209)和转轴(223);电机(209)的输出轴与转轴(223)的下端固定连接;转轴的上端与粒化器固定装置(232)的底部固定连接;转轴上设有若干耐温叶片(224);The granulator driving device comprises a motor (209) and a rotating shaft (223); the output shaft of the motor (209) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft (223); the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the granulator fixing device (232); a plurality of temperature resistant blades (224) are disposed on the rotating shaft;轴冷却风道包括电机密封罩(210)、风管内套筒(217)、轴套筒(222)和转轴(223);密封罩(210)围绕在电机(209)外周,风管内套筒(217)和轴套筒(222)套设于转轴(223)的外周;耐温推力轴承(212)和耐温定位轴承(221)的内圈均固定在转轴(223)上,外圈固定在风管内套筒(217)内壁;轴套筒(222)固定在其顶部耐温轴承的外圈和其下部的耐温轴承的外圈之间,将耐温叶片(224)包围于其中;耐温推力轴承(212)和耐温定位轴承(221)上均设有供气流流道(218);The shaft cooling air duct includes a motor sealing cover (210), an inner tube sleeve (217), a shaft sleeve (222) and a rotating shaft (223); the sealing cover (210) surrounds the outer circumference of the motor (209), and the inner tube of the air duct ( 217) and the shaft sleeve (222) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (223); the inner ring of the temperature resistant thrust bearing (212) and the temperature resistant positioning bearing (221) are fixed on the rotating shaft (223), and the outer ring is fixed at The inner wall of the inner sleeve (217); the shaft sleeve (222) is fixed between the outer ring of the temperature-resistant bearing at the top thereof and the outer ring of the temperature-resistant bearing at the lower portion thereof, and the temperature-resistant blade (224) is surrounded therein; Both the temperature thrust bearing (212) and the temperature resistant positioning bearing (221) are provided with an air flow passage (218);密封罩(210)与风管内套筒(217)固定连接,通过通风口(226)连通;The sealing cover (210) is fixedly connected with the inner tube sleeve (217) and communicated through the vent (226);风管内套筒(217)外周布置有风管外套筒(216),风管内套筒(217)与风管外套筒(216)之间形成环形冷却风道,环形冷却风道顶部环形布置有若干风帽(220);风管外套筒底部开有环形冷却风道进风口(225)。An outer sleeve (216) is arranged on the outer circumference of the inner sleeve (217) of the air duct, and an annular cooling air duct is formed between the inner sleeve (217) of the air duct and the outer sleeve (216) of the air duct, and the annular cooling duct is arranged at the top of the annular shape. There are a number of hoods (220); the bottom of the outer sleeve of the duct is provided with an annular cooling duct air inlet (225).
- 根据权利要求4所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于:轴冷却风从密封罩风口进入,经过轴套筒内部对转轴冷却后,大部分进入粒化器固定装置的气流通道,从粒化器固定装置顶部和侧壁环形均布的多个第一风口和第二风口进入粒化仓,小部分从粒化器固定装置与风管内套筒之间狭小缝隙进入粒化仓。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method according to claim 4, wherein the shaft cooling air enters from the sealing hood tuyere, and after the shaft sleeve is cooled to the rotating shaft, most of the granulation is entered. The air flow passage of the fixture is inserted into the granulation chamber from a plurality of first air outlets and second air outlets uniformly distributed on the top and side walls of the granulator fixture, and a small portion is between the granulator fixture and the inner sleeve of the air duct A narrow gap enters the granulation bin.
- 根据权利要求4所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于:风帽的出风口低于第一风口和第二风口的出风口。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method according to claim 4, wherein the air outlet of the hood is lower than the air outlets of the first tuyere and the second tuyere.
- 根据权利要求4所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于:转轴(223)底部设有耐温推力轴承(212),转轴中部及上部设有一个或者多个耐温定位轴承(221),其中最上部定位轴承应尽量靠近粒化器固定装置底部。The liquid slag dry centrifugal granulated slag particle size control method according to claim 4, wherein the bottom of the rotating shaft (223) is provided with a temperature-resistant thrust bearing (212), and one or more of the central and upper portions of the rotating shaft are provided. A temperature-resistant positioning bearing (221), wherein the uppermost positioning bearing should be as close as possible to the bottom of the granulator fixture.
- 根据权利要求4所述的液态熔渣干式离心粒化渣粒粒径控制方法,其特征在于:轴冷却风有三种产生方式:The method according to claim 4, wherein the shaft cooling air has three production modes:方式一,通过风机产生冷却风,从密封罩风口(227)进入,大部分经过粒化器固定装置的气流流道(233)流出,小部分从固定装置与风管内套筒(217)之间狭小缝隙流出;In the first mode, the cooling air is generated by the fan, entering from the sealing hood tuyere (227), and most of the airflow passage (233) passing through the granulator fixing device flows out, and a small portion is between the fixing device and the inner tube sleeve (217). a small gap flows out;方式二,转轴(223)上的耐温叶片(224)随转轴的高速旋转产生冷却风,大部分经过粒化器固定装置(232)的气流流道(233)流出,小部分从固定装置与风管内套筒(217)之间狭小缝隙流出;In the second mode, the temperature-resistant blade (224) on the rotating shaft (223) generates cooling air according to the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, and most of the airflow passage (233) flows out through the granulator fixing device (232), and a small portion is fixed from the fixing device. a narrow gap between the inner sleeve (217) of the air duct;方式三,风机出风与耐温叶片高速旋转出风配合作为轴冷却风,对轴冷却风道及转轴进行冷却。In the third mode, the fan air outlet and the high temperature rotating blade of the temperature resistant blade cooperate as the shaft cooling wind to cool the shaft cooling air duct and the rotating shaft.
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CN114231675B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-03-21 | 上海宝钢节能环保技术有限公司 | Blast furnace slag dry-method granulating device |
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