WO2019159215A1 - Management system, management method, and storage medium - Google Patents

Management system, management method, and storage medium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019159215A1
WO2019159215A1 PCT/JP2018/004807 JP2018004807W WO2019159215A1 WO 2019159215 A1 WO2019159215 A1 WO 2019159215A1 JP 2018004807 W JP2018004807 W JP 2018004807W WO 2019159215 A1 WO2019159215 A1 WO 2019159215A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
base
control
article
management system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/004807
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
岳大 伊藤
Original Assignee
日本電気株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本電気株式会社 filed Critical 日本電気株式会社
Priority to JP2019571828A priority Critical patent/JPWO2019159215A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2018/004807 priority patent/WO2019159215A1/en
Publication of WO2019159215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019159215A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a management system, a management method, and a storage medium.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 5 disclose various technologies used for logistics management.
  • the appropriate inventory quantity calculation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 calculates the appropriate inventory quantity based on the delivery record of parts delivered in the past. Thereby, the inventory quantity is optimized.
  • the supply chain optimization system disclosed in Patent Document 2 performs a simulation corresponding to a sales plan change using a model of the entire supply chain. As a result, it is possible to optimize the distribution route even when the sales plan fluctuates.
  • JP 2016-48438 A International Publication No. 2010/010788 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-14826 JP 2006-122010 A JP 2012-141806 A
  • Patent Document 1 calculates an appropriate inventory amount by paying attention to individual bases. For this reason, it is not considered that the demand fluctuation at one base is propagated to another base, and the management accuracy may be insufficient. Since the technique described in Patent Document 2 is modeled using information of the entire supply chain, the introduction cost is high.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a management system, a management method, and a storage medium that achieve both low cost and high accuracy.
  • a logistics information acquisition unit that acquires logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of a plurality of bases capable of supplying, and at least one control that is a part of the plurality of bases
  • a control information generating unit that generates control information provided to the base based on the physical distribution information, and the at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base.
  • the at least one control base determines the requested content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information.
  • Management system is provided that.
  • Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of a plurality of bases capable of supplying the article; and at least one control base being a part of the plurality of bases Generating based on the physical distribution information, the at least one control base is provided on the upstream side of the at least one information base, and the at least one control base is provided.
  • Two control bases determine, based on the control information, the requested content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base. The law is provided.
  • Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of a plurality of bases capable of supplying the article to the base, and at least one part of the plurality of bases Generating control information provided to one control base based on the physical distribution information, wherein the at least one control base is located upstream of the at least one information base.
  • the at least one control base is provided on the basis of the control information, and the article for the base upstream of the at least one control base.
  • Storage medium storing a program and determines the required content is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a supply chain 200 including a management system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the supply chain 200 includes a plurality of bases 10 a, 10 b, 10 c, 10 d, 10 e, 10 f, 11, 12 and a management system 30.
  • the plurality of bases 10 a to 10 f, 11, and 12 are arranged in a line and constitute a physical distribution route 100.
  • the distribution path 100 has a supply end 101 and a demand end 102.
  • Articles such as materials, semi-finished products, and products that circulate in the supply chain 200 are supplied from the supply end 101 and circulate on the physical distribution path 100 from upstream to downstream.
  • the supply end 101 is, for example, a production factory that produces articles.
  • the demand end 102 is, for example, a store that sells goods.
  • the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 are warehouses that temporarily hold articles, for example.
  • Each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 can request the upstream bases to supply articles.
  • each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 can temporarily hold an article supplied from an upstream base as an inventory.
  • each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 can supply articles in response to a request from a downstream base.
  • the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 are production factories that process articles
  • the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 process articles supplied from upstream bases. It may have a function of producing a semi-finished product or a product.
  • Each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 includes at least one information base and at least one control base.
  • the base 11 is a control base
  • the base 12 is an information base.
  • the information base provides the distribution information obtained at the information base to the management system 30.
  • the control base determines the requested content of the article for the base (base 10f) upstream from the control base (base 11).
  • the base 11 is provided on the upstream side of the base 12.
  • the numbers of information bases and control bases are not limited to those shown in the figure, and may be plural.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration example of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The function of the management system 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the management system 30 includes a control instruction unit 31, a physical distribution information acquisition unit 32, a control information generation unit 33, and a storage unit 34.
  • the logistics information acquisition unit 32 acquires logistics information from the information base.
  • the control information generation unit 33 generates control information supplied to the control base based on the distribution information acquired by the distribution information acquisition unit 32.
  • the control instruction unit 31 provides an instruction related to a request for an article at the control base by supplying control information to the control base.
  • the storage unit 34 stores data necessary for processing in the control instruction unit 31, the distribution information acquisition unit 32, and the control information generation unit 33.
  • the storage unit 34 stores past logistics information, past control information, the topology of the logistics route 100, and the like. Details of operations of the control instruction unit 31, the distribution information acquisition unit 32, the control information generation unit 33, and the storage unit 34 will be described later.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the computer 400 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 401, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 402, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 403, a storage device 404, a drive device 405, a communication IF (InterFace) 406, Output IF407.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • the RAM 403 is composed of a volatile storage medium, and provides a temporary memory area necessary for the operation of the CPU 401.
  • the ROM 402 is configured from a nonvolatile storage medium, and stores necessary information such as a program used for the operation of the management system 30.
  • the storage device 404 is composed of a relatively large-capacity nonvolatile storage medium such as a hard disk drive or an SSD (Solid State Drive).
  • the CPU 401 loads the program 408 stored in the storage device 404 into the RAM 403 and executes it, thereby executing the information processing function in the control instruction unit 31, the distribution information acquisition unit 32, and the control information generation unit 33 in the management system 30. Realize.
  • the CPU 401 realizes the function of the storage unit 34 in the management system 30 by controlling a storage medium such as the storage device 404.
  • the communication IF 406 is a device that communicates information with an external device via an information communication network 410 such as a WAN (Wide Area Network) or a LAN (Local Area Network).
  • the input / output IF 407 is a device that transmits information to peripheral devices such as an input device and a display device.
  • the communication IF 406 and the input / output IF 407 can function as components that acquire or output information.
  • the drive device 405 is a device that reads and writes information from and to a storage medium such as a flash memory.
  • the components of the computer 400 shown in FIG. 3 may be configured by a single circuit (such as a processor) or a combination of a plurality of circuits.
  • the circuit here may be either dedicated or general purpose.
  • part of the computer 400 may be realized by a dedicated processor, and the other part may be realized by a general-purpose processor.
  • at least a part of the computer 400 may be configured by ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or the like.
  • the functions of the computer 400 may be realized by the cooperation of a plurality of computers using, for example, cloud computing technology.
  • the program 408 may be stored in the ROM 402, stored in the storage medium 409, or received from the external device via the information communication network 410.
  • the bases 10a to 10f, 11 and 12 are also provided with computers for information processing necessary for physical distribution management, communication with the management system 30 or other bases, etc. It can be realized by a hardware configuration similar to that shown in the figure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of ordering processing executed at the bases 10a-10f, 11 and 12 according to the present embodiment.
  • This processing is executed at each of the bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12, for example, by an inventory management computer provided at each of the bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12.
  • the bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 autonomously perform an ordering process with respect to the upstream base so that the stock does not run out.
  • the timing at which the inventory management computer executes the process is not particularly limited. For example, the inventory management computer may perform this process periodically or when the stock of the article changes.
  • step S101 the inventory management computer determines whether or not the inventory quantity Ip at the time of executing this process is equal to or greater than the first threshold value T1.
  • the first threshold T1 is a first reference stock quantity for determining whether or not ordering is necessary.
  • step S102 the inventory management computer determines whether or not the current inventory quantity Ip is equal to or greater than the second threshold T2. If it is determined that the stock quantity Ip is equal to or greater than the second threshold value T2 (YES in step S102), the process proceeds to step S104 in order to place a normal order to replenish the shortage of the stock quantity Ip. If it is determined that the inventory amount Ip is smaller than the second threshold T2 (NO in step S102), there is a risk of a shortage, so the process proceeds to step S103 to place an order with an increased safety inventory amount. .
  • the second threshold value T2 is a second reference stock quantity for determining the order quantity.
  • step S103 the inventory management computer performs the ordering process with the order quantity as (T1 ⁇ 1.2-Ip). Thereby, the stock quantity after arrival becomes 1.2 times the first threshold value T1. As described above, when the stock quantity Ip becomes smaller than the second threshold value T2, the safety stock quantity can be increased by placing a large number of orders, and the risk of shortage is reduced.
  • the coefficient 1.2 is an example, and other values may be used as long as the value is larger than 1.
  • step S104 the inventory management computer performs the ordering process with the order quantity as (T1-Ip). Thereby, the stock quantity after arrival becomes the first threshold value T1. As a result, the inventory that has decreased from the first threshold T1 is replenished.
  • the bases 10a to 10f, 11, and 12 autonomously perform the ordering process for the upstream bases so that the stock does not run out based on the ordering policy of each base.
  • an algorithm is shown in which the inventory management computer automatically performs an ordering process, but other algorithms may be used. Further, an ordering person may manually perform ordering processing based on a similar algorithm or past experience.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the timing at which the management system 30 executes the process is not particularly limited.
  • the management system 30 may perform this processing periodically or when inventory changes at the information base.
  • the distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from the information base (base 12).
  • the physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32 may be time-series data related to an article such as the order quantity of the article at the information base, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, or the throughput of the article.
  • the distribution information may be time-series data related to an item derived from an article such as an inventory of raw materials of the article or an inventory of processed products of the article at the information base.
  • the distribution information may be time series data regarding the information base itself such as the number of employees at the information base. Furthermore, it may be a statistic such as an average value, median value, and variance within a predetermined period of these time series data.
  • FIG. 6 is a table showing an example of physical distribution information according to the present embodiment.
  • inventory quantity, order quantity, order quantity, etc. are shown in a table format.
  • “Inventory quantity (lot)” indicates the inventory quantity of the article at the information base.
  • “Order quantity (lot)” indicates the order quantity of the article ordered by the information base from the upstream base.
  • “Order quantity (lot)” indicates the order quantity of goods received by the information base from the downstream base.
  • “Shipment amount (lot)” indicates the amount of articles sent from the information base to the downstream base.
  • the “arrival amount (lot)” indicates the amount of articles received by the information base from the upstream base. For “stock quantity (lot)”, “order quantity (lot)”, “order quantity (lot)”, “shipment quantity (lot)” and “arrival quantity (lot)”, the recorded value of the number of lots per day is It is shown as is.
  • “Lot size” indicates the quantity, weight, etc. of articles contained in one lot, and is 12 in this example.
  • Average order quantity (3 months) indicates the average value of the number of lots ordered per day for the last three months.
  • Order quantity variance (3 months) indicates the variance of the number of lots ordered per day over the last three months.
  • Lead time (self) indicates the lead time at the information base
  • lead time (order destination) indicates the lead time at the order destination upstream of the information base.
  • Lead time refers to, for example, the period from order receipt to delivery. Since the information base places an order with the upstream base and receives the ordered article from the ordering party, the lead time of the ordering party can be calculated based on this interval.
  • step S202 the control information generation unit 33 generates control information supplied to the control base (base 11) based on the physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32.
  • control information is information used by the control base to determine the requested content of the article for the upstream base, and may be, for example, an order quantity at the control base. Further, the control information may be an appropriate value of the inventory quantity at the control base and an appropriate value of the order quantity.
  • control information generation unit 33 When the control information is the order quantity at the control base, a more specific example of a method for determining the order quantity at the control base will be described.
  • the control information generation unit 33 generates control information so that the order quantity of the article at the control base matches the order quantity of the article at the information base.
  • the control information may be generated by calculating an appropriate order quantity of goods at the control base based on the distribution and average of the orders received at the information base for a predetermined period.
  • a demand forecast is made based on methods such as the moving average method, exponential smoothing method, Holt-Winters method, auto-regression analysis, machine learning, etc. May be set to generate control information.
  • step S203 the control instruction unit 31 provides the control information generated by the control information generation unit 33 to the control base, thereby giving an instruction regarding the request for the article at the control base.
  • the control instruction unit 31 instructs the control base to order the control base.
  • the control base sets the order quantity by preferentially applying the order quantity instructed from the control instruction unit 31 instead of the order quantity determined by the method shown in FIG. Therefore, the control base places an order with respect to the upstream base based on the order quantity instructed from the control instruction section 31. For example, when the order quantity of the article at the control base is set to match the order quantity of the article at the information base, the control base places an order with the same order quantity as the information base.
  • the ordering process at the control site can be automatically performed by an inventory management computer provided in the control site based on an instruction from the control instruction unit 31. Further, the inventory management computer may display the control information received from the control instruction unit 31 on the display device so that the person in charge of the order manually performs the ordering process while referring to the control information.
  • each base of the distribution route of this embodiment prevents the exhaustion of inventory by autonomously performing ordering processing for the upstream base. Therefore, as in the process of FIG. 4, each base may predict demand according to the situation of its own base, determine an appropriate inventory amount, and place an order. At this time, if a certain base places an order larger than the actual demand as in the process of step S103 in FIG. 4, the upstream base receives an order for more articles than the actual demand. In this way, in a supply chain that involves demand prediction, demand fluctuations that occur at downstream sites may be propagated to upstream sites. This phenomenon is called the bullwhip effect. The bullwhip effect is caused when information about demand is transmitted via a base that places an order. Therefore, the bullwhip effect increases as it goes through many bases. Since the occurrence of the bullwhip effect causes problems such as excess and shortage of inventory, management of the supply chain in consideration of the bullwhip effect is required.
  • the management system 30 of the present embodiment supplies control information to a control base located upstream from the information base based on the logistics information acquired from the information base. As a result, it is possible to reflect information on fluctuations in demand occurring at downstream sites in the control of upstream sites without going through many sites. Therefore, the bullwhip effect between the information base and the control base can be reduced. Thus, the management system 30 can improve the accuracy of physical distribution management.
  • the management system 30 of this embodiment does not acquire logistics information from all bases, but only acquires logistics information from an information base that is a part of a plurality of bases. Necessary processing can be performed without being based on physical distribution information. Therefore, it is not necessary to construct a model that takes into account the information of the entire supply chain, and it is not necessary to introduce a device or the like for utilizing the management system 30 at every base, so that the introduction cost can be reduced. .
  • the management system 30 that achieves both low cost and high accuracy.
  • the topology of the physical distribution route 100 is a line. Therefore, if the demand amount at the information base matches the supply amount at the control base, the total amount of inventory from the information base to the control base is constant. Therefore, by controlling so that the order quantity of goods at the control base matches the order quantity of goods at the information base, the total amount of inventory between the information base and the control base becomes constant, so it is more preferable The effect can be reduced.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the supply chain 200 including the management system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the supply chain 200 includes a plurality of bases 10, 11, 12, 13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d, 13 e and a management system 30.
  • the plurality of bases 10, 11, 12, 13a-13e include at least one first information base, at least one second information base, and at least one control base.
  • the base 11 is a control base
  • the base 12 is a first information base
  • the bases 13a to 13e are second information bases.
  • the distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from each of the first information base and the second information base.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the timing at which the management system 30 executes the process is not particularly limited.
  • the management system 30 may perform this processing periodically or when inventory changes in the first information base or the second information base.
  • step S201a the logistics information acquisition unit 32 acquires logistics information from the first information base (base 12). This process is the same as step S201 of the first embodiment.
  • step S201b the logistics information acquisition unit 32 acquires logistics information from the second information base (bases 13a-13e).
  • the content of the distribution information acquired from the first information base may be different from the content of the distribution information acquired from the second information base.
  • the logistics information acquired from the first information base includes a plurality of items
  • the logistics information acquired from the second information base is smaller in number than the logistics information acquired from the first information base. It can contain items.
  • the amount of information to be acquired from the second information base can be reduced, so that the cost required for information acquisition can be reduced compared to the case where the same type of information is acquired from all information bases. it can.
  • a method may be employed in which various information such as inventory quantity, order quantity, order quantity, etc. is acquired at the first information base, and only the inventory quantity is acquired at the second information base.
  • step S202a the control information generation unit 33 is supplied to the control base (base 11) based on the physical distribution information acquired from the first information base and the physical distribution information acquired from the second information base. Control information is generated.
  • step S201a and step S201b may be reversed, and step S201a and step S201b may be performed in parallel.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control information generation unit 33 according to this embodiment.
  • the inventory quantity may be directly acquired from the quantity of articles existing at the second information base, but the inventory quantity may be indirectly estimated from other information.
  • the inventory quantity can be estimated from the residence time of articles at the second information base.
  • step S301 the control information generation unit 33 calculates the total inventory amount It by summing the inventory quantities of the bases 13a-13e at a specific time using the physical distribution information acquired from the second information base.
  • step S302 the control information generation unit 33 determines whether or not the total inventory amount It is equal to or greater than the third threshold T3. When it is determined that the total inventory amount It is equal to or greater than the third threshold T3 (YES in step S302), the process proceeds to step S304. When it is determined that the total inventory amount It is smaller than the third threshold T3 (NO in step S302), the process proceeds to step S303.
  • step S303 the control information generation unit 33 generates control information so that the order quantity of the article at the control base is twice the order quantity of the article at the first information base. As a result, the stock amount of the bases 13a-13e can be increased.
  • the factor is 2 times, but the coefficient 2 is an example, and other values may be used as long as the coefficient is larger than 1.
  • step S304 the control information generation unit 33 generates control information so that the order quantity of the article at the control base matches the order quantity of the article at the first information base. As a result, the stock amount of the bases 13a-13e can be maintained.
  • the above-described method for setting the order quantity of the control base is an example, and other methods may be used.
  • the amount used for the determination in step S302 may be changed to a statistic such as an average value or variance of the inventory amount in a certain period, instead of the total inventory amount of the bases 13a-13e at a certain specific time.
  • the processing of steps S302, S303, and S304 may be modified to an algorithm that determines the order quantity using a function having a reference quantity such as the total inventory quantity It as a variable instead of branching by a threshold value.
  • the control for adjusting the inventory amount in the distribution route 100 is performed by determining the inventory amount in the distribution route 100 using the distribution information acquired from the second information base. It becomes possible.
  • the management system 30 obtains physical distribution information from each of the first information base and the second information base in addition to obtaining the same effects as the first embodiment. Furthermore, the accuracy of physical distribution management can be improved.
  • the configuration of the supply chain 200 of the present embodiment is the same as the configuration of FIG.
  • the plurality of bases 10, 11, 12, 13a-13e include at least one first information base, at least one third information base, and at least one control base.
  • the base 11 is a control base
  • the base 12 is a first information base
  • the bases 13a to 13e are third information bases.
  • the distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from each of the first information base and the third information base.
  • the third information base in the present embodiment is a base with a lower frequency of information acquisition than the first information base.
  • the management system 30 obtains logistics information from the third information base having a low information acquisition frequency in addition to the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments.
  • the introduction cost can be reduced as compared with the second embodiment.
  • the contents of the distribution information acquired from the first information base may differ from the contents of the distribution information acquired from the third information base in this embodiment. .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of the supply chain 200 including the management system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the supply chain 200 includes a plurality of bases 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b, and a management system 30.
  • the topology of the distribution route 100 composed of a plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11a-11c, 12a, 12b is a network. That is, a certain base may be able to request supply of goods to a plurality of bases, and may be able to supply goods in response to requests from the plurality of bases.
  • the base 10b can request the base 10d and the base 10e to supply articles. Further, the base 10b can supply articles in response to requests from the base 12a and the base 12b.
  • Each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11a-11c, 12a, 12b includes at least one information base and at least one control base.
  • the bases 11a to 11c are control bases
  • the bases 12a and 12b are information bases.
  • the distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from each of a plurality of information bases (bases 12a and 12b).
  • the control information generation unit 33 generates control information supplied to each of the plurality of control bases (bases 11a-11c) based on the plurality of physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32.
  • the control information generating unit 33 calculates the total order quantity S by summing up the order quantities included in the distribution information acquired at a plurality of information bases. Thereafter, the control information generation unit 33 sets the quotient obtained by dividing the total order quantity S by the number of control bases as the order quantity of each control base. In the example of FIG. 10, since the number of control bases is 3, the order quantity of each control base is S / 3.
  • the total amount of inventory between the information base and the control base becomes constant, so the effect of reducing the bullwhip effect more suitably is obtained. It is done.
  • the order quantity of each control base may be varied according to the status of each control base while keeping the total order quantity of each control base constant.
  • the order quantity of each control base may be set according to the ratio of the inventory quantity of each control base. In this case, since the base with a small amount of inventory orders many articles, it is possible to correct an imbalance in the amount of inventory between the bases.
  • the order quantity of each control base may be set according to the number of connections with other bases by referring to the topology information. In this case, a base connected to many other bases places an order for many articles. Thereby, the safety stock of the base connected with many bases can be increased, and the occurrence frequency of the exhaustion of the stock can be reduced.
  • the management system 30 of this embodiment can be applied to a distribution route having a complicated topology, and the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • FIG. 10 assumes the management system 30 that covers the entire network-type physical distribution route 100
  • a configuration that covers a part of the physical distribution route 100 may be used.
  • the base from which the article flows out from the area is used as the information base and the base from which the article flows into the area is used as the control base, the inventory amount in the area can be managed. Can be handled in the same way.
  • a configuration including the second information base or the third information base in the second embodiment or the third embodiment may be combined with this embodiment, and in that case, the same as the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The effect is obtained.
  • the control information generation unit 33 may acquire the topology information of the physical distribution route 100 from the storage unit 34 and determine the control information generation method based on the topology of the physical distribution route 100. Similarly, the control information generation unit 33 may acquire information on the number of bases between the information base and the control base from the storage unit 34 and determine a control information generation method based on the number of bases. . With these methods, the control information generation unit 33 can cope with various configurations of the physical distribution route 100.
  • the management system described in the above embodiment can also be configured as in the following fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the management system 60 according to the present embodiment.
  • the management system 60 includes a physical distribution information acquisition unit 62 and a control information generation unit 63.
  • the physical distribution information acquisition unit 62 is a plurality of bases of the physical distribution route through which goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each requesting goods to the upstream base and supplying goods to the downstream base.
  • Logistics information is acquired from at least one information base that is a part of a plurality of bases capable of doing so.
  • the control information generating unit 63 generates control information provided to at least one control base that is a part of the plurality of bases based on the physical distribution information.
  • the at least one control base is provided on the upstream side of the at least one information base, and the at least one control base requests the article to the base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information. Determine the content.
  • a management system 60 that provides both low cost and high accuracy is provided.
  • the management system in the above-described embodiment is illustrated as being provided independently of a plurality of bases, the configuration of the management system is not limited to this.
  • the management system may include a device provided at any of the bases, or may be a distributed system configured by devices provided at a plurality of bases.
  • the logistics information is not acquired from the control base, but the logistics information may also be acquired from the control base.
  • the distribution information acquired from the control base is also used for controlling the control base together with the distribution information acquired from the information base.
  • the control base in this case has not only the function of the control base but also the function of the information base.
  • a method may be used in which the inventory amount of the control base is acquired from the control base, and control is performed in consideration of the distribution information acquired from the information base only when the inventory amount is outside a predetermined range.
  • a processing method for storing the program for operating the configuration of the embodiment so as to realize the functions of the above-described embodiments in a storage medium, reading the program stored in the storage medium as a code, and executing the program on the computer is also implemented. Included in the category of form. That is, a computer-readable storage medium is also included in the scope of each embodiment. In addition to the storage medium storing the above-described computer program, the computer program itself is included in each embodiment. In addition, the one or more constituent elements included in the above-described embodiment may be a circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA configured to realize the function of each constituent element.
  • the storage medium for example, a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory), a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, and a ROM can be used.
  • the program is not limited to executing a program stored in the storage medium alone, but operates on an OS (Operating System) in cooperation with other software and expansion board functions. Are also included in the category of each embodiment.
  • SaaS Software as a Service
  • (Appendix 1) A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base
  • a logistics information acquisition unit that acquires logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of the base
  • a control information generating unit that generates control information provided to at least one control base that is a part of the plurality of bases based on the physical distribution information; With The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
  • the management system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream from the at least one control base based on the control information.
  • control information generation unit generates the control information without being based on logistics information of the base other than the at least one information base and the at least one control base.
  • the at least one information base includes a first information base that provides the physical distribution information including a plurality of items, and second information that provides the physical distribution information including a smaller number of items than the first information base.
  • the management system according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the management system includes a base.
  • the at least one information base includes: a first information base that provides the physical distribution information at a predetermined frequency; and a third information base that provides the physical distribution information at a frequency lower than that of the first information base.
  • the management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, wherein the management system includes:
  • the logistics information includes the order quantity of the article, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, the throughput of the article, the number of employees, the inventory of raw materials of the article, and the inventory information
  • the management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 4, further comprising information related to at least one of a stock of processed products of the article.
  • the logistics information includes the order quantity of the article, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, the throughput of the article, the number of employees, the inventory of raw materials of the article, and the inventory information
  • the management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 5, including a statistic within a predetermined period of at least one stock of processed goods of the article.
  • Appendix 7 The management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 6, wherein the control information generation unit further generates the control information based on a topology of the physical distribution route.
  • the said control information generation part further produces
  • the logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base
  • the control information generation unit generates the control information so that an order quantity of the article at the control base matches an order quantity of the article at the information base.
  • the logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base
  • the control information generation unit generates the control information so that the total order quantity of the articles at a plurality of the information bases matches the order quantity of the articles at the plurality of control bases.
  • the management system according to any one of 1 to 9.
  • the logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base
  • the control information generation unit sets the control information so that a value obtained by multiplying a total of the order quantities of the articles at a plurality of information bases by a predetermined coefficient matches an order quantity of the articles at the plurality of control bases.
  • the management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 10, wherein the management system is generated.
  • (Appendix 12) A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of the base; Generating control information provided to at least one control site that is a part of the plurality of sites based on the logistics information; With The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base, The at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream from the at least one control base based on the control information.
  • a plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of the base; Generating control information provided to at least one control site that is a part of the plurality of sites based on the logistics information;
  • a program for executing The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base, The storage medium storing a program, wherein the at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information.
  • Control instruction unit 32 62 Distribution information acquisition unit 33, 63 Control information generation unit 34 Storage unit 100 Distribution path 101 Supply end 102 Demand end 200 Supply chain 400 Computer 401 CPU 402 ROM 403 RAM 404 Storage device 405 Drive device 406 Communication IF 407 I / O IF 408 program 409 storage medium 410 information communication network

Landscapes

  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Operations Research (AREA)
  • Development Economics (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a management system characterized by being equipped with: a logistics information acquisition unit for acquiring logistics information from one or more information bases that are part of a plurality of bases in a logistics path through which goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of the plurality of bases being capable of making, to a base on the upstream side, a request for the goods and capable of supplying the goods to a base on the downstream side; and a control information generation unit which, on basis of the logistics information, generates control information to be provided to one or more control bases that are part of the plurality of bases, wherein the one or more control bases are disposed on the upstream side of the one or more information bases, and the one or more control bases determine, on the basis of the control information, the content of a goods request to be made to a base on the upstream side of the one or more control bases.

Description

管理システム、管理方法及び記憶媒体Management system, management method, and storage medium
　本発明は、管理システム、管理方法及び記憶媒体に関する。 The present invention relates to a management system, a management method, and a storage medium.
　特許文献１乃至５には、物流の管理に用いられる様々な技術が開示されている。 Patent Documents 1 to 5 disclose various technologies used for logistics management.
　例えば、特許文献１の適正在庫量算出装置は、過去に納入された部品の納入実績等に基づいて適正在庫量の算出を行う。これにより、在庫量が適正化される。 For example, the appropriate inventory quantity calculation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 calculates the appropriate inventory quantity based on the delivery record of parts delivered in the past. Thereby, the inventory quantity is optimized.
　また、例えば、特許文献２のサプライチェーン最適化システムは、サプライチェーン全体のモデルを用いて販売計画変動に対応したシミュレーションを行う。これにより、販売計画変動が生じた場合にも物流ルートの最適化等を図ることができる。 Also, for example, the supply chain optimization system disclosed in Patent Document 2 performs a simulation corresponding to a sales plan change using a model of the entire supply chain. As a result, it is possible to optimize the distribution route even when the sales plan fluctuates.
特開２０１６－４８４３８号公報JP 2016-48438 A 国際公開第２０１０／０１０７８８号International Publication No. 2010/010788 特開２０１５－１４８２６号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-14826 特開２００６－１２００１０号公報JP 2006-122010 A 特開２０１２－１４１８０６号公報JP 2012-141806 A
　特許文献１に記載されている技術は、個別の拠点に着目して適正在庫量の算出を行うものである。そのため、ある拠点での需要変動が他の拠点に拡大して伝搬されることについては考慮されておらず、管理の精度が不十分な場合がある。特許文献２に記載されている技術は、サプライチェーン全体の情報を用いてモデル化を行うため、導入コストが大きい。 The technique described in Patent Document 1 calculates an appropriate inventory amount by paying attention to individual bases. For this reason, it is not considered that the demand fluctuation at one base is propagated to another base, and the management accuracy may be insufficient. Since the technique described in Patent Document 2 is modeled using information of the entire supply chain, the introduction cost is high.
　本発明は、上述の課題に鑑みて行われたものであって、低コストと高精度が両立された管理システム、管理方法及び記憶媒体を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a management system, a management method, and a storage medium that achieve both low cost and high accuracy.
　本発明の１つの観点によれば、物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得する物流情報取得部と、前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成する制御情報生成部と、を備え、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定することを特徴とする管理システムが提供される。 According to one aspect of the present invention, there are a plurality of bases of a distribution route through which goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which is a request for the goods to an upstream base and the goods to a downstream base. A logistics information acquisition unit that acquires logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of a plurality of bases capable of supplying, and at least one control that is a part of the plurality of bases A control information generating unit that generates control information provided to the base based on the physical distribution information, and the at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base. The at least one control base determines the requested content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information. Management system is provided that.
　本発明の他の１つの観点によれば、物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得するステップと、前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成するステップと、を備え、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定することを特徴とする管理方法が提供される。 According to another aspect of the present invention, there are a plurality of bases of a physical distribution route through which goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which is a request for the goods to the upstream base and a downstream base. Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of a plurality of bases capable of supplying the article; and at least one control base being a part of the plurality of bases Generating based on the physical distribution information, the at least one control base is provided on the upstream side of the at least one information base, and the at least one control base is provided. Two control bases determine, based on the control information, the requested content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base. The law is provided.
　本発明の他の１つの観点によれば、コンピュータに、物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得するステップと、前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成するステップと、を実行させるプログラムであって、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定することを特徴とするプログラムを記憶した記憶媒体が提供される。 According to another aspect of the present invention, there are a plurality of locations in a physical distribution route through which goods are distributed from upstream to downstream on a computer, each requesting the goods to the upstream location and the downstream side. Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of a plurality of bases capable of supplying the article to the base, and at least one part of the plurality of bases Generating control information provided to one control base based on the physical distribution information, wherein the at least one control base is located upstream of the at least one information base. The at least one control base is provided on the basis of the control information, and the article for the base upstream of the at least one control base. Storage medium storing a program and determines the required content is provided.
　本発明によれば、低コストと高精度が両立された管理システム、管理方法及び記憶媒体を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a management system, a management method, and a storage medium that achieve both low cost and high accuracy.
本発明の第１実施形態に係る管理システムを含むサプライチェーンの全体構成を示す模式図である。It is a mimetic diagram showing the whole supply chain composition containing the management system concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る管理システムの構成例を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structural example of the management system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る管理システムのハードウェア構成例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the hardware structural example of the management system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る拠点の発注処理の例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the example of the ordering process of the base which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る管理システムの動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the management system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る物流情報の例を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the example of the physical distribution information which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る管理システムを含むサプライチェーンの全体構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the supply chain containing the management system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る管理システムの動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the management system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る制御情報生成部の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control information generation part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４実施形態に係る管理システムを含むサプライチェーンの全体構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the supply chain containing the management system which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第５実施形態に係る管理システムの構成例を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structural example of the management system which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.
　以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態を説明する。なお、以下で説明する図面において、同一の機能又は対応する機能を有する要素には同一の符号を付し、その繰り返しの説明は省略することもある。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that in the drawings described below, elements having the same function or corresponding functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof may be omitted.
　［第１実施形態］
　まず、本発明の第１実施形態を説明する。図１は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０を含むサプライチェーン２００の全体構成を示す模式図である。サプライチェーン２００は、複数の拠点１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０ｃ、１０ｄ、１０ｅ、１０ｆ、１１、１２と、管理システム３０とを含む。 [First Embodiment]
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a supply chain 200 including a management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The supply chain 200 includes a plurality of bases 10 a, 10 b, 10 c, 10 d, 10 e, 10 f, 11, 12 and a management system 30.
　複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２は、ライン状に並んでおり、物流経路１００を構成する。物流経路１００は、供給端１０１及び需要端１０２を有する。サプライチェーン２００を流通する材料、半製品、製品等の物品は、供給端１０１から供給され、上流から下流に向かって物流経路１００上を流通する。供給端１０１は、例えば、物品の生産を行う生産工場である。需要端１０２は、例えば、物品の販売を行う販売店である。複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２は、例えば、物品を一時的に保有する倉庫である。 The plurality of bases 10 a to 10 f, 11, and 12 are arranged in a line and constitute a physical distribution route 100. The distribution path 100 has a supply end 101 and a demand end 102. Articles such as materials, semi-finished products, and products that circulate in the supply chain 200 are supplied from the supply end 101 and circulate on the physical distribution path 100 from upstream to downstream. The supply end 101 is, for example, a production factory that produces articles. The demand end 102 is, for example, a store that sells goods. The plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 are warehouses that temporarily hold articles, for example.
　複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２の各々は、上流の拠点に対し物品を供給するように要求することができる。また、複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２の各々は、上流の拠点から供給された物品を在庫として一時的に保有することができる。また、複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２の各々は、下流の拠点からの要求に応じて物品を供給することができる。また、複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２が物品の加工を行う生産工場である場合には、複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２は、上流の拠点から供給された物品を加工して半製品又は製品を生産する機能を有していてもよい。 Each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 can request the upstream bases to supply articles. In addition, each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 can temporarily hold an article supplied from an upstream base as an inventory. Further, each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 can supply articles in response to a request from a downstream base. Further, when the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 are production factories that process articles, the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 process articles supplied from upstream bases. It may have a function of producing a semi-finished product or a product.
　複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２の各々は、少なくとも１つの情報拠点と、少なくとも１つの制御拠点とを含む。本実施形態では、拠点１１が制御拠点であり、拠点１２が情報拠点である。情報拠点は、管理システム３０に対し、当該情報拠点で得られた物流情報を提供する。制御拠点は、管理システム３０から供給される制御情報に基づいて、制御拠点（拠点１１）よりも上流側の拠点（拠点１０ｆ）に対する物品の要求内容を決定する。図１に示されているように、拠点１１は、拠点１２よりも上流側に設けられている。なお、情報拠点及び制御拠点の個数は図示したものに限定されず、複数であってもよい。 Each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 includes at least one information base and at least one control base. In this embodiment, the base 11 is a control base, and the base 12 is an information base. The information base provides the distribution information obtained at the information base to the management system 30. Based on the control information supplied from the management system 30, the control base determines the requested content of the article for the base (base 10f) upstream from the control base (base 11). As shown in FIG. 1, the base 11 is provided on the upstream side of the base 12. The numbers of information bases and control bases are not limited to those shown in the figure, and may be plural.
　図２は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０の構成例を示す機能ブロック図である。図１及び図２を参照しつつ、管理システム３０の機能を説明する。管理システム３０は、制御指示部３１、物流情報取得部３２、制御情報生成部３３及び記憶部３４を備える。 FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration example of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The function of the management system 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The management system 30 includes a control instruction unit 31, a physical distribution information acquisition unit 32, a control information generation unit 33, and a storage unit 34.
　物流情報取得部３２は、情報拠点から物流情報を取得する。制御情報生成部３３は、物流情報取得部３２で取得された物流情報に基づいて、制御拠点に対して供給される制御情報を生成する。制御指示部３１は、制御情報を制御拠点に供給することにより、制御拠点における物品の要求に関する指示を行う。記憶部３４は、制御指示部３１、物流情報取得部３２、制御情報生成部３３での処理に必要なデータを記憶する。例えば、記憶部３４は、過去の物流情報、過去の制御情報、物流経路１００のトポロジ等を記憶する。制御指示部３１、物流情報取得部３２、制御情報生成部３３及び記憶部３４の動作の詳細については後述する。 The logistics information acquisition unit 32 acquires logistics information from the information base. The control information generation unit 33 generates control information supplied to the control base based on the distribution information acquired by the distribution information acquisition unit 32. The control instruction unit 31 provides an instruction related to a request for an article at the control base by supplying control information to the control base. The storage unit 34 stores data necessary for processing in the control instruction unit 31, the distribution information acquisition unit 32, and the control information generation unit 33. For example, the storage unit 34 stores past logistics information, past control information, the topology of the logistics route 100, and the like. Details of operations of the control instruction unit 31, the distribution information acquisition unit 32, the control information generation unit 33, and the storage unit 34 will be described later.
　図３は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０のハードウェア構成例を示すブロック図である。コンピュータ４００は、ＣＰＵ（Central　Processing　Unit）４０１と、ＲＯＭ（Read　Only　Memory）４０２と、ＲＡＭ（Random　Access　Memory）４０３と、記憶装置４０４と、ドライブ装置４０５と、通信ＩＦ（InterFace）４０６と、入出力ＩＦ４０７とを備えている。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The computer 400 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 401, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 402, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 403, a storage device 404, a drive device 405, a communication IF (InterFace) 406, Output IF407.
　ＲＡＭ４０３は、揮発性記憶媒体から構成され、ＣＰＵ４０１の動作に必要な一時的なメモリ領域を提供する。ＲＯＭ４０２は、不揮発性記憶媒体から構成され、管理システム３０の動作に用いられるプログラム等の必要な情報を記憶する。記憶装置４０４は、ハードディスクドライブ、ＳＳＤ（Solid　State　Drive）等の比較的大容量な不揮発性記憶媒体から構成される。ＣＰＵ４０１は、記憶装置４０４に記憶されているプログラム４０８をＲＡＭ４０３にロードして実行することにより、管理システム３０における制御指示部３１、物流情報取得部３２、制御情報生成部３３における情報処理の機能を実現する。また、ＣＰＵ４０１は、記憶装置４０４等の記憶媒体を制御することにより、管理システム３０における記憶部３４の機能を実現する。 The RAM 403 is composed of a volatile storage medium, and provides a temporary memory area necessary for the operation of the CPU 401. The ROM 402 is configured from a nonvolatile storage medium, and stores necessary information such as a program used for the operation of the management system 30. The storage device 404 is composed of a relatively large-capacity nonvolatile storage medium such as a hard disk drive or an SSD (Solid State Drive). The CPU 401 loads the program 408 stored in the storage device 404 into the RAM 403 and executes it, thereby executing the information processing function in the control instruction unit 31, the distribution information acquisition unit 32, and the control information generation unit 33 in the management system 30. Realize. The CPU 401 realizes the function of the storage unit 34 in the management system 30 by controlling a storage medium such as the storage device 404.
　通信ＩＦ４０６は、ＷＡＮ（Wide　Area　Network）、ＬＡＮ（Local　Area　Network）等の情報通信網４１０を介して外部装置と情報を伝達する装置である。入出力ＩＦ４０７は、入力装置、表示装置等の周辺機器と情報を伝達する装置である。通信ＩＦ４０６及び入出力ＩＦ４０７は、情報を取得又は出力する構成要素として機能することができる。ドライブ装置４０５は、フラッシュメモリ等の記憶媒体に対し情報の読み書きを行う装置である。 The communication IF 406 is a device that communicates information with an external device via an information communication network 410 such as a WAN (Wide Area Network) or a LAN (Local Area Network). The input / output IF 407 is a device that transmits information to peripheral devices such as an input device and a display device. The communication IF 406 and the input / output IF 407 can function as components that acquire or output information. The drive device 405 is a device that reads and writes information from and to a storage medium such as a flash memory.
　なお、図３に表されるコンピュータ４００の構成要素は、単一の回路（プロセッサ等）によって構成されてもよいし、複数の回路の組み合わせによって構成されてもよい。ここでいう回路（circuitry）は、専用又は汎用のいずれであってもよい。例えば、コンピュータ４００は、一部が専用のプロセッサによって実現され、他の部分が汎用のプロセッサによって実現されてもよい。例えば、コンピュータ４００の少なくとも一部がＡＳＩＣ（Application　Specific　Integrated　Circuit）、ＦＰＧＡ（Field　Programmable　Gate　Array）等により構成されていてもよい。更に、コンピュータ４００の機能は、例えば、クラウドコンピューティング技術などを用いて、複数のコンピュータの協働によって実現されてもよい。 Note that the components of the computer 400 shown in FIG. 3 may be configured by a single circuit (such as a processor) or a combination of a plurality of circuits. The circuit here may be either dedicated or general purpose. For example, part of the computer 400 may be realized by a dedicated processor, and the other part may be realized by a general-purpose processor. For example, at least a part of the computer 400 may be configured by ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or the like. Furthermore, the functions of the computer 400 may be realized by the cooperation of a plurality of computers using, for example, cloud computing technology.
　また、プログラム４０８は、ＲＯＭ４０２に記憶されていてもよく、記憶媒体４０９に記憶されていてもよく、外部装置から情報通信網４１０を介して受信されてもよい。 The program 408 may be stored in the ROM 402, stored in the storage medium 409, or received from the external device via the information communication network 410.
　拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２にも物流管理に必要な情報処理、管理システム３０又は他の拠点との通信等を行うためのコンピュータが設けられており、当該コンピュータは、例えば、図３のブロック図と同様のハードウェア構成により実現され得る。 The bases 10a to 10f, 11 and 12 are also provided with computers for information processing necessary for physical distribution management, communication with the management system 30 or other bases, etc. It can be realized by a hardware configuration similar to that shown in the figure.
　図４は、本実施形態に係る拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２において実行される発注処理の例を示すフローチャートである。本処理は、例えば、拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２のそれぞれに設けられた在庫管理コンピュータにより、拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２のそれぞれで実行される。言い換えると、拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２は、在庫が枯渇しないように自律的に上流拠点に対する発注処理を行う。在庫管理コンピュータが当該処理を実行するタイミングは特に限定されない。例えば、在庫管理コンピュータは、本処理を、定期的に行ってもよく、物品の在庫の変動時に行ってもよい。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of ordering processing executed at the bases 10a-10f, 11 and 12 according to the present embodiment. This processing is executed at each of the bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12, for example, by an inventory management computer provided at each of the bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12. In other words, the bases 10a-10f, 11, and 12 autonomously perform an ordering process with respect to the upstream base so that the stock does not run out. The timing at which the inventory management computer executes the process is not particularly limited. For example, the inventory management computer may perform this process periodically or when the stock of the article changes.
　ステップＳ１０１において、在庫管理コンピュータは、本処理の実行時の在庫量Ｉｐが第１の閾値Ｔ１以上であるか否かを判定する。在庫量Ｉｐが第１の閾値Ｔ１以上であると判定された場合（ステップＳ１０１におけるＹＥＳ）、十分な在庫があるため、発注を行わず、処理は終了する。在庫量Ｉｐが第１の閾値Ｔ１より小さいと判定された場合（ステップＳ１０１におけるＮＯ）、在庫が不十分であり、発注が必要であることから、処理はステップＳ１０２に移行する。すなわち、第１の閾値Ｔ１は発注の要否を判定するための第１の基準在庫量である。 In step S101, the inventory management computer determines whether or not the inventory quantity Ip at the time of executing this process is equal to or greater than the first threshold value T1. When it is determined that the stock amount Ip is equal to or greater than the first threshold value T1 (YES in step S101), since there is sufficient stock, the order is not placed and the process ends. If it is determined that the stock amount Ip is smaller than the first threshold T1 (NO in step S101), the stock is insufficient and an order is required, so the process proceeds to step S102. That is, the first threshold T1 is a first reference stock quantity for determining whether or not ordering is necessary.
　ステップＳ１０２において、在庫管理コンピュータは、現時点の在庫量Ｉｐが第２の閾値Ｔ２以上であるか否かを判定する。在庫量Ｉｐが第２の閾値Ｔ２以上であると判定された場合（ステップＳ１０２におけるＹＥＳ）、在庫量Ｉｐの不足分を補充する通常の発注を行うため、処理はステップＳ１０４に移行する。在庫量Ｉｐが第２の閾値Ｔ２より小さいと判定された場合（ステップＳ１０２におけるＮＯ）、欠品のリスクがあることから、安全在庫量を多くした発注を行うため、処理はステップＳ１０３に移行する。第２の閾値Ｔ２は発注量を判定するための第２の基準在庫量である。 In step S102, the inventory management computer determines whether or not the current inventory quantity Ip is equal to or greater than the second threshold T2. If it is determined that the stock quantity Ip is equal to or greater than the second threshold value T2 (YES in step S102), the process proceeds to step S104 in order to place a normal order to replenish the shortage of the stock quantity Ip. If it is determined that the inventory amount Ip is smaller than the second threshold T2 (NO in step S102), there is a risk of a shortage, so the process proceeds to step S103 to place an order with an increased safety inventory amount. . The second threshold value T2 is a second reference stock quantity for determining the order quantity.
　ステップＳ１０３において、在庫管理コンピュータは、発注量を（Ｔ１×１．２－Ｉｐ）として発注処理を行う。これにより、入荷後の在庫量は第１の閾値Ｔ１の１．２倍の量となる。このように、在庫量Ｉｐが第２の閾値Ｔ２より小さくなった場合に、多めに発注を行うことにより安全在庫量を多くすることができ、欠品のリスクが低減される。なお、係数の１．２は例示であり、１よりも大きい値であればこれ以外の値であってもよい。 In step S103, the inventory management computer performs the ordering process with the order quantity as (T1 × 1.2-Ip). Thereby, the stock quantity after arrival becomes 1.2 times the first threshold value T1. As described above, when the stock quantity Ip becomes smaller than the second threshold value T2, the safety stock quantity can be increased by placing a large number of orders, and the risk of shortage is reduced. The coefficient 1.2 is an example, and other values may be used as long as the value is larger than 1.
　ステップＳ１０４において、在庫管理コンピュータは、発注量を（Ｔ１－Ｉｐ）として発注処理を行う。これにより、入荷後の在庫量は第１の閾値Ｔ１となる。これにより、第１の閾値Ｔ１よりも減少した分の在庫が補充される。 In step S104, the inventory management computer performs the ordering process with the order quantity as (T1-Ip). Thereby, the stock quantity after arrival becomes the first threshold value T1. As a result, the inventory that has decreased from the first threshold T1 is replenished.
　このように、拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１、１２は、各々が有する発注ポリシーに基づいて、在庫が枯渇しないように自律的に上流拠点に対する発注処理を行う。なお、本例では在庫管理コンピュータが自動的に発注処理を行うアルゴリズムを示したが、これ以外のアルゴリズムであってもよい。また、同様なアルゴリズム又は過去の経験に基づいて発注担当者が手動で発注処理を行ってもよい。 As described above, the bases 10a to 10f, 11, and 12 autonomously perform the ordering process for the upstream bases so that the stock does not run out based on the ordering policy of each base. In this example, an algorithm is shown in which the inventory management computer automatically performs an ordering process, but other algorithms may be used. Further, an ordering person may manually perform ordering processing based on a similar algorithm or past experience.
　図５は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０の動作を示すフローチャートである。管理システム３０が当該処理を実行するタイミングは特に限定されない。例えば、管理システム３０は、本処理を、定期的に行ってもよく、情報拠点における在庫の変動時に行ってもよい。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The timing at which the management system 30 executes the process is not particularly limited. For example, the management system 30 may perform this processing periodically or when inventory changes at the information base.
　ステップＳ２０１において、物流情報取得部３２は、情報拠点（拠点１２）から物流情報を取得する。物流情報取得部３２が取得する物流情報は、情報拠点における物品の発注量、物品の受注量、物品の在庫量、物品のリードタイム又は物品のスループットのような物品に関する時系列データであり得る。あるいは、物流情報は、情報拠点における物品の原材料の在庫又は物品の加工品の在庫のような物品から派生する物に関する時系列データであってもよい。また、物流情報は、情報拠点における雇用人数のように情報拠点自体に関する時系列データであってもよい。更に、これらの時系列データの所定期間内における平均値、中央値、分散等の統計量であってもよい。 In step S201, the distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from the information base (base 12). The physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32 may be time-series data related to an article such as the order quantity of the article at the information base, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, or the throughput of the article. Alternatively, the distribution information may be time-series data related to an item derived from an article such as an inventory of raw materials of the article or an inventory of processed products of the article at the information base. Further, the distribution information may be time series data regarding the information base itself such as the number of employees at the information base. Furthermore, it may be a statistic such as an average value, median value, and variance within a predetermined period of these time series data.
　図６は、本実施形態に係る物流情報の例を示す表である。本表には、在庫量、発注量、受注量等が表形式で示されている。「在庫量（ロット）」は、情報拠点における物品の在庫量を示している。「発注量（ロット）」は、情報拠点が上流の拠点に発注した物品の発注量を示している。「受注量（ロット）」は、情報拠点が下流の拠点から受けた物品の受注量を示している。「発送量（ロット）」は、情報拠点から下流の拠点に発送した物品の量を示している。「到着量（ロット）」は、情報拠点が上流の拠点から受領した物品の量を示している。「在庫量（ロット）」、「発注量（ロット）」、「受注量（ロット）」、「発送量（ロット）」及び「到着量（ロット）」については、毎日のロット数の記録値がそのまま示されている。 FIG. 6 is a table showing an example of physical distribution information according to the present embodiment. In this table, inventory quantity, order quantity, order quantity, etc. are shown in a table format. “Inventory quantity (lot)” indicates the inventory quantity of the article at the information base. “Order quantity (lot)” indicates the order quantity of the article ordered by the information base from the upstream base. “Order quantity (lot)” indicates the order quantity of goods received by the information base from the downstream base. “Shipment amount (lot)” indicates the amount of articles sent from the information base to the downstream base. The “arrival amount (lot)” indicates the amount of articles received by the information base from the upstream base. For “stock quantity (lot)”, “order quantity (lot)”, “order quantity (lot)”, “shipment quantity (lot)” and “arrival quantity (lot)”, the recorded value of the number of lots per day is It is shown as is.
　「ロットサイズ」は、１ロットに含まれる物品の数量、重量等を示しており、本例では１２個である。「発注量平均（３か月）」は、１日に発注したロット数の直近３か月間の平均値を示している。「発注量分散（３か月）」は、１日に発注したロット数の直近３か月間の分散を示している。「リードタイム（自身）」は、情報拠点におけるリードタイムを示しており、「リードタイム（発注先）」は、情報拠点の上流の発注先におけるリードタイムを示している。なお、「リードタイム」とは、例えば、受注から納品までの期間を指す。情報拠点は、上流の拠点に発注を行い、発注した物品を発注先から受領するため、この間隔に基づいて発注先のリードタイムを算出することができる。 “Lot size” indicates the quantity, weight, etc. of articles contained in one lot, and is 12 in this example. “Average order quantity (3 months)” indicates the average value of the number of lots ordered per day for the last three months. “Order quantity variance (3 months)” indicates the variance of the number of lots ordered per day over the last three months. “Lead time (self)” indicates the lead time at the information base, and “lead time (order destination)” indicates the lead time at the order destination upstream of the information base. “Lead time” refers to, for example, the period from order receipt to delivery. Since the information base places an order with the upstream base and receives the ordered article from the ordering party, the lead time of the ordering party can be calculated based on this interval.
　ステップＳ２０２において、制御情報生成部３３は、物流情報取得部３２で取得された物流情報に基づいて、制御拠点（拠点１１）に対して供給される制御情報を生成する。 In step S202, the control information generation unit 33 generates control information supplied to the control base (base 11) based on the physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32.
　なお、制御情報とは、制御拠点が上流拠点に対する物品の要求内容を決定するために用いられる情報であり、例えば、制御拠点における発注量であり得る。また、制御情報は、制御拠点における在庫量の適正値、受注量の適正値であってもよい。 Note that the control information is information used by the control base to determine the requested content of the article for the upstream base, and may be, for example, an order quantity at the control base. Further, the control information may be an appropriate value of the inventory quantity at the control base and an appropriate value of the order quantity.
　制御情報が制御拠点における発注量である場合について、制御拠点における発注量の決定方法のより具体的な例を説明する。例えば、制御情報生成部３３は、制御拠点における物品の発注量が情報拠点における物品の発注量と一致するように制御情報を生成する。他の例としては、情報拠点の所定期間の受注量の分散と平均に基づいて、制御拠点における適正な物品の発注量を算出して制御情報を生成してもよい。また、更に他の例としては、移動平均法、指数平滑法、ホルト・ウィンタース法、自己回帰分析、機械学習等の手法に基づいて需要予測を行い、当該需要予測から適正な物品の発注量を設定して制御情報を生成してもよい。 When the control information is the order quantity at the control base, a more specific example of a method for determining the order quantity at the control base will be described. For example, the control information generation unit 33 generates control information so that the order quantity of the article at the control base matches the order quantity of the article at the information base. As another example, the control information may be generated by calculating an appropriate order quantity of goods at the control base based on the distribution and average of the orders received at the information base for a predetermined period. As yet another example, a demand forecast is made based on methods such as the moving average method, exponential smoothing method, Holt-Winters method, auto-regression analysis, machine learning, etc. May be set to generate control information.
　ステップＳ２０３において、制御指示部３１は、制御情報生成部３３で生成された制御情報を制御拠点に供給することにより、制御拠点における物品の要求に関する指示を行う。制御情報が制御拠点における発注量である場合においては、制御指示部３１は、制御拠点の発注量を制御拠点に指示する。この場合、制御拠点は、図４に示されるような手法により定められる発注量ではなく、制御指示部３１から指示された発注量を優先適用して発注量を設定する。したがって、制御拠点は、制御指示部３１から指示された発注量により、上流の拠点に対して発注を行う。例えば制御拠点における物品の発注量が情報拠点の物品の発注量と一致するように設定されている場合には、制御拠点は情報拠点と同一の発注量で発注を行う。 In step S203, the control instruction unit 31 provides the control information generated by the control information generation unit 33 to the control base, thereby giving an instruction regarding the request for the article at the control base. When the control information is the order quantity at the control base, the control instruction unit 31 instructs the control base to order the control base. In this case, the control base sets the order quantity by preferentially applying the order quantity instructed from the control instruction unit 31 instead of the order quantity determined by the method shown in FIG. Therefore, the control base places an order with respect to the upstream base based on the order quantity instructed from the control instruction section 31. For example, when the order quantity of the article at the control base is set to match the order quantity of the article at the information base, the control base places an order with the same order quantity as the information base.
　なお、制御拠点における発注処理は、制御指示部３１からの指示に基づいて、制御拠点内に設けられた在庫管理コンピュータが自動的に行うものであり得る。また、在庫管理コンピュータが制御指示部３１から受け取った制御情報を表示装置に表示することで、発注担当者が制御情報を参照しつつ手動で発注処理を行うものであってもよい。 It should be noted that the ordering process at the control site can be automatically performed by an inventory management computer provided in the control site based on an instruction from the control instruction unit 31. Further, the inventory management computer may display the control information received from the control instruction unit 31 on the display device so that the person in charge of the order manually performs the ordering process while referring to the control information.
　上述のような手法により物流の管理を行うことによる効果について説明する。本実施形態の物流経路の拠点は、各々が自律的に上流拠点に対する発注処理を行うことにより在庫の枯渇を防いでいる。そのため、図４の処理のように、各拠点が自拠点の状況に応じて需要を予測し、適正な在庫量を判断して発注を行うことがある。このとき、ある拠点が図４のステップＳ１０３の処理のように実際の需要よりも多くの発注を行うと、上流の拠点では実際の需要より多くの物品を受注することになる。このように、需要予測を伴うサプライチェーンにおいては、下流の拠点で生じた需要変動が上流の拠点に拡大して伝搬されることがある。この現象はブルウィップ効果と呼ばれている。ブルウィップ効果は、需要に関する情報が受発注を行う拠点を経由して伝わることにより生じる。そのため、ブルウィップ効果は、多くの拠点を経由するほど大きくなる。ブルウィップ効果の発生により、在庫の過剰、不足等の問題が生じるため、ブルウィップ効果を考慮したサプライチェーンの管理が求められている。 The effect of managing logistics using the method described above will be explained. Each base of the distribution route of this embodiment prevents the exhaustion of inventory by autonomously performing ordering processing for the upstream base. Therefore, as in the process of FIG. 4, each base may predict demand according to the situation of its own base, determine an appropriate inventory amount, and place an order. At this time, if a certain base places an order larger than the actual demand as in the process of step S103 in FIG. 4, the upstream base receives an order for more articles than the actual demand. In this way, in a supply chain that involves demand prediction, demand fluctuations that occur at downstream sites may be propagated to upstream sites. This phenomenon is called the bullwhip effect. The bullwhip effect is caused when information about demand is transmitted via a base that places an order. Therefore, the bullwhip effect increases as it goes through many bases. Since the occurrence of the bullwhip effect causes problems such as excess and shortage of inventory, management of the supply chain in consideration of the bullwhip effect is required.
　本実施形態の管理システム３０は、情報拠点から取得した物流情報に基づいて、情報拠点よりも上流にある制御拠点に対して制御情報を供給する。これにより、下流の拠点で生じた需要変動の情報を多くの拠点を経由せずに上流の拠点の制御に反映させることができる。そのため、情報拠点と制御拠点の間のブルウィップ効果を低減することができる。このように、管理システム３０は、物流管理の精度を向上させることができる。 The management system 30 of the present embodiment supplies control information to a control base located upstream from the information base based on the logistics information acquired from the information base. As a result, it is possible to reflect information on fluctuations in demand occurring at downstream sites in the control of upstream sites without going through many sites. Therefore, the bullwhip effect between the information base and the control base can be reduced. Thus, the management system 30 can improve the accuracy of physical distribution management.
　また、本実施形態の管理システム３０は、すべての拠点から物流情報を取得するのではなく、複数の拠点のうちの一部の拠点である情報拠点から物流情報を取得するだけで、他の拠点の物流情報に基づかずに必要な処理を行うことができる。したがって、サプライチェーン全体の情報を考慮したモデルを構築する必要はなく、また、すべての拠点に管理システム３０を活用するための装置等を導入する必要もないため、導入コストを低減することができる。 In addition, the management system 30 of this embodiment does not acquire logistics information from all bases, but only acquires logistics information from an information base that is a part of a plurality of bases. Necessary processing can be performed without being based on physical distribution information. Therefore, it is not necessary to construct a model that takes into account the information of the entire supply chain, and it is not necessary to introduce a device or the like for utilizing the management system 30 at every base, so that the introduction cost can be reduced. .
　以上のように、本実施形態によれば、低コストと高精度が両立された管理システム３０を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the management system 30 that achieves both low cost and high accuracy.
　なお、本実施形態では、物流経路１００のトポロジはライン状である。そのため、情報拠点における需要量と制御拠点における供給量が一致していれば、情報拠点から、制御拠点までの在庫量の総量は一定となる。したがって、制御拠点における物品の発注量が情報拠点の物品の発注量と一致するように制御を行うことにより、情報拠点と制御拠点の間の在庫量の総量が一定になるため、より好適にブルウィップ効果を低減させることができる。 In this embodiment, the topology of the physical distribution route 100 is a line. Therefore, if the demand amount at the information base matches the supply amount at the control base, the total amount of inventory from the information base to the control base is constant. Therefore, by controlling so that the order quantity of goods at the control base matches the order quantity of goods at the information base, the total amount of inventory between the information base and the control base becomes constant, so it is more preferable The effect can be reduced.
　［第２実施形態］
　次に、本発明の第２実施形態を説明する。第２実施形態の説明において、第１実施形態と共通する要素の説明は省略又は簡略化することがある。本実施形態と第１実施形態の相違点は、物流情報取得部３２が、第１の情報拠点と第２の情報拠点のそれぞれから物流情報を取得する点である。 [Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of the second embodiment, the description of elements common to the first embodiment may be omitted or simplified. The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires physical distribution information from each of the first information base and the second information base.
　図７は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０を含むサプライチェーン２００の全体構成を示す模式図である。サプライチェーン２００は、複数の拠点１０、１１、１２、１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃ、１３ｄ、１３ｅと、管理システム３０とを含む。 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the supply chain 200 including the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The supply chain 200 includes a plurality of bases 10, 11, 12, 13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d, 13 e and a management system 30.
　複数の拠点１０、１１、１２、１３ａ－１３ｅは、少なくとも１つの第１の情報拠点と、少なくとも１つの第２の情報拠点と、少なくとも１つの制御拠点とを含む。本実施形態では、拠点１１が制御拠点であり、拠点１２が第１の情報拠点であり、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅが第２の情報拠点である。物流情報取得部３２は、第１の情報拠点と第２の情報拠点のそれぞれから物流情報を取得する。 The plurality of bases 10, 11, 12, 13a-13e include at least one first information base, at least one second information base, and at least one control base. In this embodiment, the base 11 is a control base, the base 12 is a first information base, and the bases 13a to 13e are second information bases. The distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from each of the first information base and the second information base.
　図８は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０の動作を示すフローチャートである。管理システム３０が当該処理を実行するタイミングは特に限定されない。例えば、管理システム３０は、本処理を、定期的に行ってもよく、第１の情報拠点又は第２の情報拠点における在庫の変動時に行ってもよい。 FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The timing at which the management system 30 executes the process is not particularly limited. For example, the management system 30 may perform this processing periodically or when inventory changes in the first information base or the second information base.
　ステップＳ２０１ａにおいて、物流情報取得部３２は、第１の情報拠点（拠点１２）から物流情報を取得する。この処理は第１実施形態のステップＳ２０１と同様である。 In step S201a, the logistics information acquisition unit 32 acquires logistics information from the first information base (base 12). This process is the same as step S201 of the first embodiment.
　ステップＳ２０１ｂにおいて、物流情報取得部３２は、第２の情報拠点（拠点１３ａ－１３ｅ）から物流情報を取得する。 In step S201b, the logistics information acquisition unit 32 acquires logistics information from the second information base (bases 13a-13e).
　第１の情報拠点から取得される物流情報の内容と、第２の情報拠点から取得される物流情報の内容とは異なっていてもよい。例えば、第１の情報拠点から取得される物流情報は、複数の項目を含み、第２の情報拠点から取得される物流情報は、第１の情報拠点から取得される物流情報よりも少ない個数の項目を含むものであり得る。これにより、第２の情報拠点から取得すべき情報の量を少なくすることができるため、すべての情報拠点から同種の情報を取得した場合と比べて、情報の取得に要するコストを低減することができる。具体的には、第１の情報拠点では在庫量、発注量、受注量等の種々の情報を取得し、第２の情報拠点では在庫量のみを取得するという手法が採用され得る。 The content of the distribution information acquired from the first information base may be different from the content of the distribution information acquired from the second information base. For example, the logistics information acquired from the first information base includes a plurality of items, and the logistics information acquired from the second information base is smaller in number than the logistics information acquired from the first information base. It can contain items. As a result, the amount of information to be acquired from the second information base can be reduced, so that the cost required for information acquisition can be reduced compared to the case where the same type of information is acquired from all information bases. it can. Specifically, a method may be employed in which various information such as inventory quantity, order quantity, order quantity, etc. is acquired at the first information base, and only the inventory quantity is acquired at the second information base.
　ステップＳ２０２ａにおいて、制御情報生成部３３は、第１の情報拠点から取得された物流情報と第２の情報拠点から取得された物流情報とに基づいて、制御拠点（拠点１１）に対して供給される制御情報を生成する。 In step S202a, the control information generation unit 33 is supplied to the control base (base 11) based on the physical distribution information acquired from the first information base and the physical distribution information acquired from the second information base. Control information is generated.
　なお、ステップＳ２０１ａとステップＳ２０１ｂの順序は逆であってもよく、ステップＳ２０１ａとステップＳ２０１ｂは並行して行われてもよい。 Note that the order of step S201a and step S201b may be reversed, and step S201a and step S201b may be performed in parallel.
　物流情報取得部３２が第２の情報拠点から取得する物流情報が在庫量である場合について、制御拠点における発注量の決定方法のより具体的な例を図９を参照して説明する。 A more specific example of the order quantity determination method at the control base will be described with reference to FIG. 9 when the physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32 from the second information base is an inventory quantity.
　図９は、本実施形態に係る制御情報生成部３３の動作を示すフローチャートである。なお、在庫量は第２の情報拠点に存在する物品の数量から直接取得してもよいが、他の情報から間接的に在庫量を推定するものであってもよい。例えば、第２の情報拠点における物品の滞留時間等から在庫量を推定することができる。 FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control information generation unit 33 according to this embodiment. The inventory quantity may be directly acquired from the quantity of articles existing at the second information base, but the inventory quantity may be indirectly estimated from other information. For example, the inventory quantity can be estimated from the residence time of articles at the second information base.
　ステップＳ３０１において、制御情報生成部３３は、第２の情報拠点から取得された物流情報を用いてある特定時刻の拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫量を合計することにより、総在庫量Ｉｔを算出する。 In step S301, the control information generation unit 33 calculates the total inventory amount It by summing the inventory quantities of the bases 13a-13e at a specific time using the physical distribution information acquired from the second information base.
　ステップＳ３０２において、制御情報生成部３３は、総在庫量Ｉｔが第３の閾値Ｔ３以上であるか否かを判定する。総在庫量Ｉｔが第３の閾値Ｔ３以上であると判定された場合（ステップＳ３０２におけるＹＥＳ）、処理はステップＳ３０４に移行する。総在庫量Ｉｔが第３の閾値Ｔ３よりも小さいと判定された場合（ステップＳ３０２におけるＮＯ）、処理はステップＳ３０３に移行する。 In step S302, the control information generation unit 33 determines whether or not the total inventory amount It is equal to or greater than the third threshold T3. When it is determined that the total inventory amount It is equal to or greater than the third threshold T3 (YES in step S302), the process proceeds to step S304. When it is determined that the total inventory amount It is smaller than the third threshold T3 (NO in step S302), the process proceeds to step S303.
　総在庫量Ｉｔが第３の閾値Ｔ３よりも小さい場合には、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫量が不足している。そのため、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫量を増加させて今後の在庫枯渇を防ぐべきである。したがって、ステップＳ３０３において、制御情報生成部３３は、制御拠点における物品の発注量が第１の情報拠点の物品の発注量の２倍となるように制御情報を生成する。これにより、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫量を増加させることができる。なお、本例では２倍としたが、この係数２は例示であり、１よりも大きい値であれば、これ以外の値であってもよい。 When the total inventory amount It is smaller than the third threshold T3, the inventory amount of the bases 13a-13e is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the inventory amount of the bases 13a-13e to prevent future inventory exhaustion. Therefore, in step S303, the control information generation unit 33 generates control information so that the order quantity of the article at the control base is twice the order quantity of the article at the first information base. As a result, the stock amount of the bases 13a-13e can be increased. In this example, the factor is 2 times, but the coefficient 2 is an example, and other values may be used as long as the coefficient is larger than 1.
　総在庫量Ｉｔが第３の閾値Ｔ３以上である場合には、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅには十分な在庫が存在するため、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫を増加させる必要はない。したがって、ステップＳ３０４において、制御情報生成部３３は、制御拠点における物品の発注量が第１の情報拠点の物品の発注量と一致するように制御情報を生成する。これにより、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫量を維持させることができる。 When the total inventory amount It is equal to or greater than the third threshold T3, there is no need to increase the inventory at the bases 13a-13e because there is sufficient stock at the bases 13a-13e. Therefore, in step S304, the control information generation unit 33 generates control information so that the order quantity of the article at the control base matches the order quantity of the article at the first information base. As a result, the stock amount of the bases 13a-13e can be maintained.
　なお、上述した制御拠点の発注量の設定方法は一例であり、これ以外の方法であってもよい。例えば、ステップＳ３０２の判定に用いる量をある特定時刻における拠点１３ａ－１３ｅの在庫量の合計ではなく、ある期間における在庫量の平均値、分散等の統計量に変えてもよい。また、例えば、ステップＳ３０２、Ｓ３０３、Ｓ３０４の処理を閾値による分岐ではなく、総在庫量Ｉｔ等の基準量を変数とする関数を用いて発注量を決定するアルゴリズムに変形してもよい。 Note that the above-described method for setting the order quantity of the control base is an example, and other methods may be used. For example, the amount used for the determination in step S302 may be changed to a statistic such as an average value or variance of the inventory amount in a certain period, instead of the total inventory amount of the bases 13a-13e at a certain specific time. Further, for example, the processing of steps S302, S303, and S304 may be modified to an algorithm that determines the order quantity using a function having a reference quantity such as the total inventory quantity It as a variable instead of branching by a threshold value.
　このように、図９に示す例では、第２の情報拠点から取得された物流情報を用いて物流経路１００内の在庫量を判定することにより、物流経路１００内の在庫量を調整する制御が可能となる。 As described above, in the example illustrated in FIG. 9, the control for adjusting the inventory amount in the distribution route 100 is performed by determining the inventory amount in the distribution route 100 using the distribution information acquired from the second information base. It becomes possible.
　以上のように、本実施形態の管理システム３０は、第１実施形態と同様の効果が得られることに加え、第１の情報拠点と第２の情報拠点のそれぞれから物流情報を取得することにより、更に物流管理の精度を向上させることができる。 As described above, the management system 30 according to the present embodiment obtains physical distribution information from each of the first information base and the second information base in addition to obtaining the same effects as the first embodiment. Furthermore, the accuracy of physical distribution management can be improved.
　［第３実施形態］
　次に、本発明の第３実施形態を説明する。第３実施形態の説明において、第１実施形態又は第２実施形態と共通する要素の説明は省略又は簡略化することがある。本実施形態と第２実施形態の相違点は、第２実施形態における第２の情報拠点が第３の情報拠点に置き換えられている点である。 [Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of the third embodiment, descriptions of elements common to the first embodiment or the second embodiment may be omitted or simplified. The difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment is that the second information base in the second embodiment is replaced with a third information base.
　本実施形態のサプライチェーン２００の構成は第２実施形態の図７の構成と同一であるため、図示を省略する。複数の拠点１０、１１、１２、１３ａ－１３ｅは、少なくとも１つの第１の情報拠点と、少なくとも１つの第３の情報拠点と、少なくとも１つの制御拠点とを含む。本実施形態では、拠点１１が制御拠点であり、拠点１２が第１の情報拠点であり、拠点１３ａ－１３ｅが第３の情報拠点である。物流情報取得部３２は、第１の情報拠点と第３の情報拠点のそれぞれから物流情報を取得する。 The configuration of the supply chain 200 of the present embodiment is the same as the configuration of FIG. The plurality of bases 10, 11, 12, 13a-13e include at least one first information base, at least one third information base, and at least one control base. In this embodiment, the base 11 is a control base, the base 12 is a first information base, and the bases 13a to 13e are third information bases. The distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from each of the first information base and the third information base.
　本実施形態の第３の情報拠点は、第１の情報拠点に比べて情報の取得頻度が小さい拠点である。第３の情報拠点の情報の取得頻度を小さくすることにより、情報の取得のための設備投資コストを低減できるため、管理システム３０の導入コストを第２実施形態の場合と比べ低減させることができる。 The third information base in the present embodiment is a base with a lower frequency of information acquisition than the first information base. By reducing the frequency of acquisition of information at the third information base, the capital investment cost for acquiring information can be reduced, so the introduction cost of the management system 30 can be reduced compared to the case of the second embodiment. .
　以上のように、本実施形態の管理システム３０は、第１実施形態、第２実施形態と同様の効果が得られることに加え、情報の取得頻度が小さい第３の情報拠点から物流情報を取得することにより、第２実施形態よりも導入コストを低減させることができる。 As described above, the management system 30 according to the present embodiment obtains logistics information from the third information base having a low information acquisition frequency in addition to the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments. Thus, the introduction cost can be reduced as compared with the second embodiment.
　なお、第２実施形態と同様に、本実施形態においても第１の情報拠点から取得される物流情報の内容と、第３の情報拠点から取得される物流情報の内容とは異なっていてもよい。 Similar to the second embodiment, the contents of the distribution information acquired from the first information base may differ from the contents of the distribution information acquired from the third information base in this embodiment. .
　［第４実施形態］
　次に、本発明の第４実施形態を説明する。第４実施形態の説明において、第１実施形態乃至第３実施形態と共通する要素の説明は省略又は簡略化することがある。本実施形態と第１実施形態の相違点は、物流経路１００のトポロジがネットワーク状である点である。 [Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of the fourth embodiment, the description of the elements common to the first to third embodiments may be omitted or simplified. The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the topology of the physical distribution route 100 is a network.
　図１０は、本実施形態に係る管理システム３０を含むサプライチェーン２００の全体構成を示す模式図である。サプライチェーン２００は、複数の拠点１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０ｃ、１０ｄ、１０ｅ、１０ｆ、１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ、１２ａ、１２ｂと、管理システム３０とを含む。 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of the supply chain 200 including the management system 30 according to the present embodiment. The supply chain 200 includes a plurality of bases 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b, and a management system 30.
　図１０に示されるように複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１ａ－１１ｃ、１２ａ、１２ｂにより構成される物流経路１００のトポロジは、ネットワーク状となっている。すなわち、ある拠点は、複数の拠点に物品を供給するように要求することができる場合があり、複数の拠点からの要求に応じて物品を供給することができる場合がある。例えば、拠点１０ｂは、拠点１０ｄ及び拠点１０ｅに対し物品を供給するように要求することができる。また、拠点１０ｂは、拠点１２ａ及び拠点１２ｂからの要求に応じて物品を供給することができる。 As shown in FIG. 10, the topology of the distribution route 100 composed of a plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11a-11c, 12a, 12b is a network. That is, a certain base may be able to request supply of goods to a plurality of bases, and may be able to supply goods in response to requests from the plurality of bases. For example, the base 10b can request the base 10d and the base 10e to supply articles. Further, the base 10b can supply articles in response to requests from the base 12a and the base 12b.
　複数の拠点１０ａ－１０ｆ、１１ａ－１１ｃ、１２ａ、１２ｂの各々は、少なくとも１つの情報拠点と、少なくとも１つの制御拠点とを含む。本実施形態では、拠点１１ａ－１１ｃが制御拠点であり、拠点１２ａ、１２ｂが情報拠点である。 Each of the plurality of bases 10a-10f, 11a-11c, 12a, 12b includes at least one information base and at least one control base. In this embodiment, the bases 11a to 11c are control bases, and the bases 12a and 12b are information bases.
　物流情報取得部３２は、複数の情報拠点（拠点１２ａ、１２ｂ）のそれぞれから物流情報を取得する。制御情報生成部３３は、物流情報取得部３２で取得された複数の物流情報に基づいて、複数の制御拠点（拠点１１ａ－１１ｃ）のそれぞれに対して供給される制御情報を生成する。 The distribution information acquisition unit 32 acquires distribution information from each of a plurality of information bases ( bases 12a and 12b). The control information generation unit 33 generates control information supplied to each of the plurality of control bases (bases 11a-11c) based on the plurality of physical distribution information acquired by the physical distribution information acquisition unit 32.
　制御拠点における発注量の決定方法の具体例を説明する。まず、制御情報生成部３３は、複数の情報拠点で取得された物流情報に含まれる発注量を合計して合計発注量Ｓを算出する。その後、制御情報生成部３３は、合計発注量Ｓを制御拠点の個数で割って得られた商を各制御拠点の発注量とする。図１０の例では、制御拠点の個数は３なので、各制御拠点の発注量はＳ／３ずつとなる。 A specific example of the method for determining the order quantity at the control base will be described. First, the control information generating unit 33 calculates the total order quantity S by summing up the order quantities included in the distribution information acquired at a plurality of information bases. Thereafter, the control information generation unit 33 sets the quotient obtained by dividing the total order quantity S by the number of control bases as the order quantity of each control base. In the example of FIG. 10, since the number of control bases is 3, the order quantity of each control base is S / 3.
　このように発注量を設定することにより、第１実施形態の場合と同様に、情報拠点と制御拠点の間の在庫量の総量が一定になるため、より好適にブルウィップ効果を低減させる効果が得られる。 By setting the order quantity in this way, as in the case of the first embodiment, the total amount of inventory between the information base and the control base becomes constant, so the effect of reducing the bullwhip effect more suitably is obtained. It is done.
　なお、各制御拠点の発注量の合計が情報拠点の合計発注量Ｓと一致していれば同様の効果が得られるので、各制御拠点の発注量を同一にすることは必須ではない。したがって、各制御拠点の発注量の合計を一定にしつつ、各制御拠点の発注量を各制御拠点の状況に応じて異ならせてもよい。具体的には、各制御拠点の在庫量の比に応じて各制御拠点の発注量を設定してもよい。この場合、在庫量が少ない拠点が多くの物品を発注することになるため、拠点間の在庫量の不均衡を是正することができる。あるいは、トポロジ情報を参照して、他の拠点との接続数に応じて各制御拠点の発注量を設定してもよい。この場合、他の拠点と多く接続されている拠点が多くの物品を発注することになる。これにより、多くの拠点と接続されている拠点の安全在庫を多くすることができ、在庫の枯渇の発生頻度を低減することができる。 Note that, since the same effect can be obtained if the total order quantity of each control base matches the total order quantity S of the information base, it is not essential that the order quantity of each control base be the same. Therefore, the order quantity of each control base may be varied according to the status of each control base while keeping the total order quantity of each control base constant. Specifically, the order quantity of each control base may be set according to the ratio of the inventory quantity of each control base. In this case, since the base with a small amount of inventory orders many articles, it is possible to correct an imbalance in the amount of inventory between the bases. Alternatively, the order quantity of each control base may be set according to the number of connections with other bases by referring to the topology information. In this case, a base connected to many other bases places an order for many articles. Thereby, the safety stock of the base connected with many bases can be increased, and the occurrence frequency of the exhaustion of the stock can be reduced.
　以上のように、本実施形態の管理システム３０は、トポロジが複雑な物流経路に対しても適用可能であり、第１実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。 As described above, the management system 30 of this embodiment can be applied to a distribution route having a complicated topology, and the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
　なお、図１０の例は、ネットワーク状の物流経路１００全体をカバーする管理システム３０を想定しているが物流経路１００の一部のエリアをカバーする構成であってもよい。その場合、当該エリアから物品が流出する拠点を情報拠点とし、当該エリアに物品が流入する拠点を制御拠点とすることで、当該エリア内の在庫量を管理することができるため、図１０の場合と同様に取り扱うことができる。 In addition, although the example of FIG. 10 assumes the management system 30 that covers the entire network-type physical distribution route 100, a configuration that covers a part of the physical distribution route 100 may be used. In this case, since the base from which the article flows out from the area is used as the information base and the base from which the article flows into the area is used as the control base, the inventory amount in the area can be managed. Can be handled in the same way.
　また、第２実施形態、第３実施形態における第２の情報拠点又は第３の情報拠点を含む構成を本実施形態に組み合わせてもよく、その場合、第２実施形態又は第３実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。 In addition, a configuration including the second information base or the third information base in the second embodiment or the third embodiment may be combined with this embodiment, and in that case, the same as the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The effect is obtained.
　第１乃至第３の実施形態と第４の実施形態とでは、物流経路１００のトポロジが異なっており、それにより制御情報生成部３３の処理が異なっている。そこで、制御情報生成部３３は、記憶部３４から物流経路１００のトポロジの情報を取得して、物流経路１００のトポロジに基づいて制御情報の生成手法を決定してもよい。同様に、制御情報生成部３３は、記憶部３４から情報拠点と制御拠点との間の拠点の個数の情報を取得して、拠点の個数に基づいて制御情報の生成手法を決定してもよい。これらの手法により、制御情報生成部３３は種々の物流経路１００の構成に対応可能となる。 In the first to third embodiments and the fourth embodiment, the topology of the physical distribution route 100 is different, and the processing of the control information generation unit 33 is thereby different. Therefore, the control information generation unit 33 may acquire the topology information of the physical distribution route 100 from the storage unit 34 and determine the control information generation method based on the topology of the physical distribution route 100. Similarly, the control information generation unit 33 may acquire information on the number of bases between the information base and the control base from the storage unit 34 and determine a control information generation method based on the number of bases. . With these methods, the control information generation unit 33 can cope with various configurations of the physical distribution route 100.
　上述の実施形態において説明した管理システムは以下の第５実施形態のようにも構成することができる。 The management system described in the above embodiment can also be configured as in the following fifth embodiment.
　［第５実施形態］
　図１１は、本実施形態に係る管理システム６０の構成例を示す機能ブロック図である。管理システム６０は、物流情報取得部６２及び制御情報生成部６３を備える。物流情報取得部６２は、物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得する。制御情報生成部６３は、複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を物流情報に基づいて生成する。少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、制御情報に基づいて、少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する物品の要求内容を決定する。 [Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the management system 60 according to the present embodiment. The management system 60 includes a physical distribution information acquisition unit 62 and a control information generation unit 63. The physical distribution information acquisition unit 62 is a plurality of bases of the physical distribution route through which goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each requesting goods to the upstream base and supplying goods to the downstream base. Logistics information is acquired from at least one information base that is a part of a plurality of bases capable of doing so. The control information generating unit 63 generates control information provided to at least one control base that is a part of the plurality of bases based on the physical distribution information. The at least one control base is provided on the upstream side of the at least one information base, and the at least one control base requests the article to the base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information. Determine the content.
　本実施形態によれば、低コストと高精度が両立された管理システム６０が提供される。 According to the present embodiment, a management system 60 that provides both low cost and high accuracy is provided.
　［変形実施形態］
　以上、実施形態を参照して本発明を説明したが、本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成及び詳細には本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、当業者が理解し得る様々な変形をすることができる。 [Modified Embodiment]
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Various modifications that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention.
　上述の実施形態における管理システムは、複数の拠点とは独立に設けられているように図示されているが、管理システムの構成はこれに限定されるものではない。例えば、管理システムは、いずれかの拠点に設けられている装置を含んでいてもよく、複数の拠点に設けられている装置により構成される分散システムであってもよい。 Although the management system in the above-described embodiment is illustrated as being provided independently of a plurality of bases, the configuration of the management system is not limited to this. For example, the management system may include a device provided at any of the bases, or may be a distributed system configured by devices provided at a plurality of bases.
　上述の実施形態においては、制御拠点からは物流情報が取得されていないが、制御拠点からも物流情報を取得してもよい。制御拠点から取得された物流情報も、情報拠点から取得された物流情報とともに制御拠点の制御に用いられる。言い換えると、この場合の制御拠点は制御拠点の機能だけでなく、情報拠点の機能を更に備えている。具体的には、制御拠点の在庫量を制御拠点から取得し、在庫量が所定の範囲外である場合にのみ情報拠点から取得された物流情報を考慮した制御を行うという手法が用いられ得る。 In the above-described embodiment, the logistics information is not acquired from the control base, but the logistics information may also be acquired from the control base. The distribution information acquired from the control base is also used for controlling the control base together with the distribution information acquired from the information base. In other words, the control base in this case has not only the function of the control base but also the function of the information base. Specifically, a method may be used in which the inventory amount of the control base is acquired from the control base, and control is performed in consideration of the distribution information acquired from the information base only when the inventory amount is outside a predetermined range.
　上述の各実施形態の機能を実現するように該実施形態の構成を動作させるプログラムを記憶媒体に記憶させ、該記憶媒体に記憶されたプログラムをコードとして読み出し、コンピュータにおいて実行する処理方法も各実施形態の範疇に含まれる。すなわち、コンピュータ読取可能な記憶媒体も各実施形態の範囲に含まれる。また、上述のコンピュータプログラムが記憶された記憶媒体はもちろん、そのコンピュータプログラム自体も各実施形態に含まれる。また、上述の実施形態に含まれる１又は２以上の構成要素は、各構成要素の機能を実現するように構成されたＡＳＩＣ、ＦＰＧＡ等の回路であってもよい。 A processing method for storing the program for operating the configuration of the embodiment so as to realize the functions of the above-described embodiments in a storage medium, reading the program stored in the storage medium as a code, and executing the program on the computer is also implemented. Included in the category of form. That is, a computer-readable storage medium is also included in the scope of each embodiment. In addition to the storage medium storing the above-described computer program, the computer program itself is included in each embodiment. In addition, the one or more constituent elements included in the above-described embodiment may be a circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA configured to realize the function of each constituent element.
　該記憶媒体としては、例えばフロッピー（登録商標）ディスク、ハードディスク、光ディスク、光磁気ディスク、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ（Compact　Disc-Read　Only　Memory）、磁気テープ、不揮発性メモリカード、ＲＯＭを用いることができる。また該記憶媒体に記憶されたプログラム単体で処理を実行しているものに限らず、他のソフトウェア、拡張ボードの機能と共同して、ＯＳ（Operating　System）上で動作して処理を実行するものも各実施形態の範疇に含まれる。 As the storage medium, for example, a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory), a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, and a ROM can be used. In addition, the program is not limited to executing a program stored in the storage medium alone, but operates on an OS (Operating System) in cooperation with other software and expansion board functions. Are also included in the category of each embodiment.
　上述の各実施形態の機能により実現されるサービスは、ＳａａＳ（Software　as　a　Service）の形態でユーザに対して提供することもできる。 The service realized by the functions of the above-described embodiments can be provided to the user in the form of SaaS (Software as a Service).
　上述の実施形態の一部又は全部は、以下の付記のようにも記載されうるが、以下には限られない。 Some or all of the above-described embodiments can be described as in the following supplementary notes, but are not limited thereto.
　（付記１）
　物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得する物流情報取得部と、
　前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成する制御情報生成部と、
　を備え、
　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、
　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定する
　ことを特徴とする管理システム。 (Appendix 1)
A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base A logistics information acquisition unit that acquires logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of the base;
A control information generating unit that generates control information provided to at least one control base that is a part of the plurality of bases based on the physical distribution information;
With
The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
The management system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream from the at least one control base based on the control information.
　（付記２）
　前記制御情報生成部は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点及び前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点以外の拠点の物流情報に基づかずに前記制御情報を生成する
　ことを特徴とする付記１に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 2)
The management system according to claim 1, wherein the control information generation unit generates the control information without being based on logistics information of the base other than the at least one information base and the at least one control base.
　（付記３）
　前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点は、複数の項目を含む前記物流情報を提供する第１の情報拠点と、前記第１の情報拠点よりも少ない個数の項目を含む前記物流情報を提供する第２の情報拠点と、を含む
　ことを特徴とする付記１又は２に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 3)
The at least one information base includes a first information base that provides the physical distribution information including a plurality of items, and second information that provides the physical distribution information including a smaller number of items than the first information base. The management system according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the management system includes a base.
　（付記４）
　前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点は、所定の頻度で前記物流情報を提供する第１の情報拠点と、前記第１の情報拠点よりも小さい頻度で前記物流情報を提供する第３の情報拠点と、を含む
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 4)
The at least one information base includes: a first information base that provides the physical distribution information at a predetermined frequency; and a third information base that provides the physical distribution information at a frequency lower than that of the first information base. The management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, wherein the management system includes:
　（付記５）
　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における、前記物品の発注量、前記物品の受注量、前記物品の在庫量、前記物品のリードタイム、前記物品のスループット、雇用人数、前記物品の原材料の在庫及び前記物品の加工品の在庫のうちの少なくとも１つに関する情報を含む
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 5)
The logistics information includes the order quantity of the article, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, the throughput of the article, the number of employees, the inventory of raw materials of the article, and the inventory information The management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 4, further comprising information related to at least one of a stock of processed products of the article.
　（付記６）
　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における、前記物品の発注量、前記物品の受注量、前記物品の在庫量、前記物品のリードタイム、前記物品のスループット、雇用人数、前記物品の原材料の在庫及び前記物品の加工品の在庫のうちの少なくとも１つの所定期間内における統計量を含む
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至５のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 6)
The logistics information includes the order quantity of the article, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, the throughput of the article, the number of employees, the inventory of raw materials of the article, and the inventory information The management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 5, including a statistic within a predetermined period of at least one stock of processed goods of the article.
　（付記７）
　前記制御情報生成部は、更に、前記物流経路のトポロジに基づいて、前記制御情報を生成する
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至６のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 7)
The management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 6, wherein the control information generation unit further generates the control information based on a topology of the physical distribution route.
　（付記８）
　前記制御情報生成部は、更に、前記情報拠点と前記制御拠点との間の拠点の個数に基づいて、前記制御情報を生成する
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至７のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 8)
The said control information generation part further produces | generates the said control information based on the number of the bases between the said information bases and the said control bases. The supplementary notes 1 thru | or 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. Management system.
　（付記９）
　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量を含み、
　前記制御情報生成部は、前記制御拠点における前記物品の発注量が前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量と一致するように前記制御情報を生成する
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至８のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 9)
The logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base,
The control information generation unit generates the control information so that an order quantity of the article at the control base matches an order quantity of the article at the information base. The management system described in the section.
　（付記１０）
　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量を含み、
　前記制御情報生成部は、複数の前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量の合計が、複数の前記制御拠点における前記物品の発注量と一致するように前記制御情報を生成する
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至９のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 10)
The logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base,
The control information generation unit generates the control information so that the total order quantity of the articles at a plurality of the information bases matches the order quantity of the articles at the plurality of control bases. The management system according to any one of 1 to 9.
　（付記１１）
　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における、前記物品の発注量を含み、
　前記制御情報生成部は、複数の前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量の合計に所定の係数を乗じた値が、複数の前記制御拠点における前記物品の発注量と一致するように前記制御情報を生成する
　ことを特徴とする付記１乃至１０のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。 (Appendix 11)
The logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base,
The control information generation unit sets the control information so that a value obtained by multiplying a total of the order quantities of the articles at a plurality of information bases by a predetermined coefficient matches an order quantity of the articles at the plurality of control bases. The management system according to any one of appendices 1 to 10, wherein the management system is generated.
　（付記１２）
　物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得するステップと、
　前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成するステップと、
　を備え、
　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、
　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定する
　ことを特徴とする管理方法。 (Appendix 12)
A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of the base;
Generating control information provided to at least one control site that is a part of the plurality of sites based on the logistics information;
With
The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
The at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream from the at least one control base based on the control information.
　（付記１３）
　コンピュータに、
　物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得するステップと、
　前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成するステップと、
　を実行させるプログラムであって、
　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、
　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定する
　ことを特徴とするプログラムを記憶した記憶媒体。 (Appendix 13)
On the computer,
A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of the base;
Generating control information provided to at least one control site that is a part of the plurality of sites based on the logistics information;
A program for executing
The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
The storage medium storing a program, wherein the at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information.
１０、１０ａ－１０ｆ　　　拠点
１１、１１ａ－１１ｃ　　　拠点（制御拠点）
１２、１２ａ、１２ｂ　　　拠点（情報拠点）
１３ａ－１３ｅ　　　　　　拠点（情報拠点）
３０、６０　　　　　　　　管理システム
３１　　　　　　　　　　　制御指示部
３２、６２　　　　　　　　物流情報取得部
３３、６３　　　　　　　　制御情報生成部
３４　　　　　　　　　　　記憶部
１００　　　　　　　　　　物流経路
１０１　　　　　　　　　　供給端
１０２　　　　　　　　　　需要端
２００　　　　　　　　　　サプライチェーン
４００　　　　　　　　　　コンピュータ
４０１　　　　　　　　　　ＣＰＵ
４０２　　　　　　　　　　ＲＯＭ
４０３　　　　　　　　　　ＲＡＭ
４０４　　　　　　　　　　記憶装置
４０５　　　　　　　　　　ドライブ装置
４０６　　　　　　　　　　通信ＩＦ
４０７　　　　　　　　　　入出力ＩＦ
４０８　　　　　　　　　　プログラム
４０９　　　　　　　　　　記憶媒体
４１０　　　　　　　　　　情報通信網 10, 10a- 10f base 11, 11a-11c base (control base)
12, 12a, 12b base (information base)
13a-13e base (information base)
30, 60 Management system 31 Control instruction unit 32, 62 Distribution information acquisition unit 33, 63 Control information generation unit 34 Storage unit 100 Distribution path 101 Supply end 102 Demand end 200 Supply chain 400 Computer 401 CPU
402 ROM
403 RAM
404 Storage device 405 Drive device 406 Communication IF
407 I / O IF
408 program 409 storage medium 410 information communication network

Claims (13)

  1. 　物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得する物流情報取得部と、
    　前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成する制御情報生成部と、
    　を備え、
    　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、
    　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定する
    　ことを特徴とする管理システム。     A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base A logistics information acquisition unit that acquires logistics information from at least one information base that is a part of the base;
    A control information generating unit that generates control information provided to at least one control base that is a part of the plurality of bases based on the physical distribution information;
    With
    The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
    The management system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream from the at least one control base based on the control information.
  2. 　前記制御情報生成部は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点及び前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点以外の拠点の物流情報に基づかずに前記制御情報を生成する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の管理システム。     2. The management system according to claim 1, wherein the control information generation unit generates the control information without being based on logistics information of a base other than the at least one information base and the at least one control base.
  3. 　前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点は、複数の項目を含む前記物流情報を提供する第１の情報拠点と、前記第１の情報拠点よりも少ない個数の項目を含む前記物流情報を提供する第２の情報拠点と、を含む
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の管理システム。     The at least one information base includes a first information base that provides the physical distribution information including a plurality of items, and second information that provides the physical distribution information including a smaller number of items than the first information base. The management system according to claim 1, wherein the management system includes a base.
  4. 　前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点は、所定の頻度で前記物流情報を提供する第１の情報拠点と、前記第１の情報拠点よりも小さい頻度で前記物流情報を提供する第３の情報拠点と、を含む
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The at least one information base includes: a first information base that provides the physical distribution information at a predetermined frequency; and a third information base that provides the physical distribution information at a frequency lower than that of the first information base. The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
  5. 　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における、前記物品の発注量、前記物品の受注量、前記物品の在庫量、前記物品のリードタイム、前記物品のスループット、雇用人数、前記物品の原材料の在庫及び前記物品の加工品の在庫のうちの少なくとも１つに関する情報を含む
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The logistics information includes the order quantity of the article, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, the throughput of the article, the number of employees, the inventory of raw materials of the article, and the inventory information The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising information on at least one of a stock of processed products of the article.
  6. 　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における、前記物品の発注量、前記物品の受注量、前記物品の在庫量、前記物品のリードタイム、前記物品のスループット、雇用人数、前記物品の原材料の在庫及び前記物品の加工品の在庫のうちの少なくとも１つの所定期間内における統計量を含む
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The logistics information includes the order quantity of the article, the order quantity of the article, the inventory quantity of the article, the lead time of the article, the throughput of the article, the number of employees, the inventory of raw materials of the article, and the inventory information The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, including a statistic within a predetermined period of at least one stock of processed goods of the article.
  7. 　前記制御情報生成部は、更に、前記物流経路のトポロジに基づいて、前記制御情報を生成する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至６のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The management system according to claim 1, wherein the control information generation unit further generates the control information based on a topology of the physical distribution route.
  8. 　前記制御情報生成部は、更に、前記情報拠点と前記制御拠点との間の拠点の個数に基づいて、前記制御情報を生成する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至７のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The said control information generation part further produces | generates the said control information based on the number of the bases between the said information base and the said control base. The one of the Claims 1 thru | or 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. Management system.
  9. 　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量を含み、
    　前記制御情報生成部は、前記制御拠点における前記物品の発注量が前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量と一致するように前記制御情報を生成する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至８のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base,
    The control information generating unit generates the control information so that an order quantity of the article at the control base matches an order quantity of the article at the information base. The management system according to item 1.
  10. 　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量を含み、
    　前記制御情報生成部は、複数の前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量の合計が、複数の前記制御拠点における前記物品の発注量と一致するように前記制御情報を生成する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至９のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base,
    The control information generation unit generates the control information so that a total of the order quantities of the articles at a plurality of the information bases matches an order quantity of the articles at the plurality of control bases. Item 10. The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 9.
  11. 　前記物流情報は、前記情報拠点における、前記物品の発注量を含み、
    　前記制御情報生成部は、複数の前記情報拠点における前記物品の発注量の合計に所定の係数を乗じた値が、複数の前記制御拠点における前記物品の発注量と一致するように前記制御情報を生成する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至１０のいずれか１項に記載の管理システム。     The logistics information includes an order quantity of the article at the information base,
    The control information generation unit sets the control information so that a value obtained by multiplying a total of the order quantities of the articles at a plurality of information bases by a predetermined coefficient matches an order quantity of the articles at the plurality of control bases. The management system according to claim 1, wherein the management system is generated.
  12. 　物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得するステップと、
    　前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成するステップと、
    　を備え、
    　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、
    　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定する
    　ことを特徴とする管理方法。     A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of the base;
    Generating control information provided to at least one control site that is a part of the plurality of sites based on the logistics information;
    With
    The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
    The at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream from the at least one control base based on the control information.
  13. 　コンピュータに、
    　物品が上流から下流に向かって流通される物流経路の複数の拠点であって、各々が上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求と下流側の拠点に対する前記物品の供給とを行うことができる複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの情報拠点から物流情報を取得するステップと、
    　前記複数の拠点のうちの一部である少なくとも１つの制御拠点に対して提供される制御情報を前記物流情報に基づいて生成するステップと、
    　を実行させるプログラムであって、
    　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記少なくとも１つの情報拠点よりも上流側に設けられており、
    　前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点は、前記制御情報に基づいて、前記少なくとも１つの制御拠点よりも上流側の拠点に対する前記物品の要求内容を決定する
    　ことを特徴とするプログラムを記憶した記憶媒体。     On the computer,
    A plurality of locations of the distribution route in which the goods are distributed from upstream to downstream, each of which can request the goods to the upstream base and supply the goods to the downstream base Acquiring logistics information from at least one information base that is part of the base;
    Generating control information provided to at least one control site that is a part of the plurality of sites based on the logistics information;
    A program for executing
    The at least one control base is provided upstream of the at least one information base,
    The storage medium storing a program, wherein the at least one control base determines a request content of the article for a base upstream of the at least one control base based on the control information.
PCT/JP2018/004807 2018-02-13 2018-02-13 Management system, management method, and storage medium WO2019159215A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019571828A JPWO2019159215A1 (en) 2018-02-13 2018-02-13 Management system, management method and storage medium
PCT/JP2018/004807 WO2019159215A1 (en) 2018-02-13 2018-02-13 Management system, management method, and storage medium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2018/004807 WO2019159215A1 (en) 2018-02-13 2018-02-13 Management system, management method, and storage medium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019159215A1 true WO2019159215A1 (en) 2019-08-22

Family

ID=67618552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2018/004807 WO2019159215A1 (en) 2018-02-13 2018-02-13 Management system, management method, and storage medium

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JPWO2019159215A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019159215A1 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010198286A (en) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-09 Konica Minolta Holdings Inc Support method for efficiency-promotion in supply chain
JP2014091590A (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-19 Hitachi Ltd Stock supply network system, stock supply network system server, and stock supply network system program

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010198286A (en) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-09 Konica Minolta Holdings Inc Support method for efficiency-promotion in supply chain
JP2014091590A (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-19 Hitachi Ltd Stock supply network system, stock supply network system server, and stock supply network system program

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SUGIMOTO, EIJI: "Information Systems for the Internet Age: An Introduction", CORPORATIONS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS, vol. 6.2, 30 March 2016 (2016-03-30), pages 209 - 213 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPWO2019159215A1 (en) 2020-12-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Govindarajan et al. Joint inventory and fulfillment decisions for omnichannel retail networks
US20150254589A1 (en) System and Method to Provide Inventory Optimization in a Multi-Echelon Supply Chain Network
Archetti et al. The inventory routing problem: the value of integration
Friesz et al. Competition and disruption in a dynamic urban supply chain
Lin et al. Build-to-order supply chain network design under supply and demand uncertainties
Safaei et al. Integrated multi-site production-distribution planning in supply chain by hybrid modelling
Pasandideh et al. A genetic algorithm approach to optimize a multi-products EPQ model with discrete delivery orders and constrained space
JP6684904B2 (en) System and method for providing a multi-channel inventory allocation approach to retailers
Gavirneni Benefits of co-operation in a production distribution environment
Cattani et al. Common inventory modeling assumptions that fall short: Arborescent networks, Poisson demand, and single-echelon approximations
Kutanoglu Insights into inventory sharing in service parts logistics systems with time-based service levels
Ahiska et al. A Markov decision process-based policy characterization approach for a stochastic inventory control problem with unreliable sourcing
Benjaafar et al. Production‐inventory systems with imperfect advance demand information and updating
US9213953B1 (en) Multivariable load balancing in a fulfillment network
JP6679734B2 (en) Computerized promotional and discount pricing schedule
JP6031184B2 (en) Supply group determination support device and supply group determination support program
Dennis et al. On the benefits of operational flexibility in a distribution network with transshipment
Kuhn et al. Simultaneous supply and production planning
Zhong et al. Combining DC-programming and steepest-descent to solve the single-vehicle inventory routing problem
US20050075920A1 (en) Projected sales
Chen et al. Approximation schemes for the joint inventory selection and online resource allocation problem
Zahraei et al. Optimizing a supply network with production smoothing, freight expediting and safety stocks: An analysis of tactical trade-offs
Atan et al. Transshipment policies for systems with multiple retailers and two demand classes
JP6050980B2 (en) Production number calculation device, production number calculation program, and storage medium
Reyes et al. A disaster relief inventory model based on transshipment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18906283

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2019571828

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18906283

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1