WO2019155524A1 - Power conversion device and abnormality detection method - Google Patents

Power conversion device and abnormality detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019155524A1
WO2019155524A1 PCT/JP2018/004027 JP2018004027W WO2019155524A1 WO 2019155524 A1 WO2019155524 A1 WO 2019155524A1 JP 2018004027 W JP2018004027 W JP 2018004027W WO 2019155524 A1 WO2019155524 A1 WO 2019155524A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotation direction
abnormality
speed
detection unit
power conversion
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PCT/JP2018/004027
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
太一 吉田
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三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2018/004027 priority Critical patent/WO2019155524A1/en
Publication of WO2019155524A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019155524A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power conversion device and an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality in at least one of an electric motor and a speed sensor.
  • An electric railway vehicle is equipped with a power conversion device that converts electric power input from an overhead line and supplies the converted electric power to an electric motor.
  • the control unit of the power conversion device performs control for maintaining the torque of the motor in a desired range based on the rotation speed of the motor acquired from the speed sensor and the current flowing through the motor.
  • the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a speed control operational amplifier that performs an operation from an input motor speed reference and speed feedback and outputs a current reference or a torque reference.
  • a speed control operational amplifier that performs an operation from an input motor speed reference and speed feedback and outputs a current reference or a torque reference.
  • the speed control operational amplifier By providing the speed control operational amplifier, the torque of the electric motor is maintained in a desired range. If an abnormality occurs in the speed sensor, the torque of the motor cannot be maintained in a desired range. Therefore, the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 can regard speed feedback as 0 when there is a speed reference of the motor, and can regard current reference or torque reference as a limit value.
  • the disconnection of the pulse generator is detected by detecting that the ready state has continued for a certain period of time.
  • the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 can detect the disconnection of the pulse generator based on the speed feedback.
  • the sensor signal is output from the pulse generator when the power cable, signal line, etc. are about to break, or the motor shaft is damaged, but the sensor signal is delayed, the sensor signal is momentarily interrupted, etc. May occur.
  • the speed generator with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot detect the abnormality.
  • the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 erroneously determines that the speed sensor is abnormal when the sensor signal cannot be detected because the rotational speed of the electric motor is slow.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to detect an abnormality in at least one of an electric motor and a speed sensor in a state where a sensor signal is being output.
  • a power conversion device is a power conversion device that supplies electric power to an electric motor, and includes a rotation direction detection unit and an abnormality detection unit.
  • a rotation direction detection part detects the rotation direction of an electric motor based on the sensor signal which the speed sensor attached to the electric motor outputs.
  • the abnormality detection unit detects a change in the rotation direction, calculates a frequency of the change in the rotation direction, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor and the speed sensor based on the frequency of the change in the rotation direction.
  • the present invention it is possible to detect an abnormality in at least one of the motor and the speed sensor in a state where the sensor signal is output based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motor.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection part which concerns on Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection unit according to the fourth embodiment.
  • Block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection unit according to the sixth embodiment The flowchart which shows an example of operation
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection unit according to the seventh embodiment.
  • the power conversion device 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the power conversion device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a power conversion unit 11 that converts input power and supplies the converted power to an electric motor 51, and a speed sensor 52.
  • a rotation direction detection unit 12 that detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 based on the sensor signal to be output is provided.
  • the power conversion unit 11 converts the input AC power into desired AC power and supplies the desired AC power to the electric motor 51.
  • the power converter 1 further detects a change in the rotation direction, calculates the frequency of the change in the rotation direction, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of the change in the rotation direction.
  • An abnormality detection unit 13 is provided. With the above configuration, the power conversion device 1 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 in a state where the sensor signal is output.
  • the power conversion device 1 is mounted on an electric railway vehicle.
  • the power conversion unit 11 converts the electric power input from the overhead line and supplies it to the electric motor 51, and the electric motor 51 drives the wheels of the electric railway vehicle.
  • the speed sensor 52 a two-phase output PG (Pulse Generator: pulse generator) attached to the shaft of the electric motor 51 is provided.
  • the speed sensor 52 outputs a plurality of sensor signals according to the rotation direction and rotation speed of the electric motor 51.
  • Each of the plurality of sensor signals is a pulse signal, and the phases of the plurality of sensor signals are different from each other.
  • the speed sensor 52 outputs two sensor signals, that is, an A-phase pulse signal and a B-phase pulse signal.
  • the duty ratio and the period ⁇ of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal are the same.
  • the phase of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal are shifted by 90 degrees.
  • the speed sensor 52 delays one phase of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal by 90 degrees from the other phase according to the rotation direction of the electric motor 51.
  • the phase of the B-phase pulse signal is delayed by 90 degrees from the phase of the A-phase pulse signal as shown in FIG.
  • the motor 51 reverses the phase of the A-phase pulse signal is delayed by 90 degrees from the phase of the B-phase pulse signal, as shown in FIG.
  • one of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal is delayed by 90 degrees from the other phase.
  • the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 can be detected from the B-phase pulse signal.
  • the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal, and the A-phase pulse signal is in either the H (High) level or the L (Low) level at the rise of the B-phase pulse signal.
  • the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is detected based on whether the
  • the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rise of the B phase pulse signal at time T2. Since the A-phase pulse signal is at the H level at time T2, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is rotating forward. Similarly at time T4, the rotation direction detector 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is rotating forward. In the example of FIG. 3, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal at time T1. Since the A-phase pulse signal is at the L level at time T1, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is reversely rotated. Similarly, at time T3, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is reversely rotated. Each time the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 detects a change in the rotation direction based on the rotation direction detected by the rotation direction detection unit 12.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 calculates the frequency of change in the rotational direction, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotational direction. Specifically, the abnormality detection unit 13 calculates the frequency of change in the value indicating the rotation direction, and detects an abnormality based on the frequency of change in the value indicating the rotation direction.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 includes an XOR (exclusive OR) gate 21, a holding unit 22 that holds a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, and an output of the XOR gate 21. Is provided with a determination unit 23 that determines whether or not there is an abnormality.
  • a B-phase pulse signal is supplied from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the holding unit 22 and the determination unit 23, and the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 22, and the determination unit 23 are synchronized with the rising edge of the B-phase pulse signal.
  • the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the previous rotation direction to the XOR gate 21. That is, the input of the XOR gate 21 is a value indicating the rotation direction output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value indicating the immediately preceding rotation direction. Therefore, when the rotation direction is changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 1, and when the rotation direction is not changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 0.
  • the determination unit 23 includes an accumulator, and integrates the outputs of the XOR gate 21 during a period in which the accumulator is determined. If the integrated value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the determination unit 23 determines that at least one abnormality of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 has occurred, and outputs a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected.
  • the period and threshold value used for determination of abnormality can be defined according to the characteristic of the apparatus in which the power converter device 1 is mounted. In the power conversion device 1 mounted on the electric railway vehicle, for example, when the value indicating the rotation direction changes 5 times or more in 1 minute, or when the value indicating the rotation direction changes 30 times or more in 30 seconds, etc. The unit 23 can determine that an abnormality has occurred.
  • the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 13 shown in FIG. 4 does not sequentially perform processing, but in order to facilitate understanding, the operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 from the sensor signal output by the speed sensor 52 (step S11).
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 detects a change in the rotation direction (step S12), and calculates the frequency of the change in the rotation direction (step S13).
  • the frequency of change in the rotation direction is the number of changes in the rotation direction in a predetermined period.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction.
  • the determination unit 23 included in the abnormality detection unit 13 determines the presence / absence of an abnormality based on whether or not the number of changes in the rotation direction in a predetermined period is greater than or equal to a threshold value (step S14).
  • a threshold value that is, when there is no abnormality (step S14; N)
  • the process returns to step S11, and the power converter 1 repeats the above-described process.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 outputs a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected (step S14).
  • the speed sensor 52 outputs an A phase pulse signal and a B phase pulse signal.
  • a delay occurs in the sensor signal.
  • Speed sensor 52 outputs an A-phase pulse signal and a B-phase pulse signal corresponding to the rotation of electric motor 51.
  • the case where the electric motor 51 is rotating forward will be described as an example. Since the electric motor 51 is rotating forward, the A-phase pulse signal rises at time T1, and the B-phase pulse signal rises at time T2.
  • the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal at time T2. At time T2, since the A-phase pulse signal is at the H level, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is normal rotation. Then, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value “0” indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
  • the holding unit 22 outputs the value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detecting unit 12 to the XOR gate 21 because there is no stored value indicating the immediately preceding rotation direction.
  • the holding unit 22 stores a value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12. Since both inputs of the XOR gate 21 are “0”, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 0. Therefore, the integrated value of the determination unit 23 corresponding to the number of changes in the rotation direction remains the initial value 0.
  • the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rising edge of the B-phase pulse signal. For example, the phase A pulse signal does not rise at time T4 due to an abnormality in the speed sensor 52.
  • the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is reverse. Then, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value “1” indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
  • the holding unit 22 outputs the stored value “0” indicating the rotation direction to the XOR gate 21. Thereafter, the holding unit 22 updates the stored value “0” indicating the rotation direction with the value “1” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12. Since the input of the XOR gate 21 is a value “1” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the holding unit 22, the output of the XOR gate 21 is “1”. Therefore, the integrated value of the determination unit 23 is 1.
  • the A-phase pulse signal rises at times T5 and T6.
  • the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal.
  • the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is normal rotation. Then, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value “0” indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
  • the holding unit 22 outputs the stored value “1” indicating the rotation direction to the XOR gate 21.
  • the holding unit 22 stores a value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12.
  • the integrated value of the determination unit 23 is 2.
  • the determination unit 23 determines that at least one abnormality of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 has occurred and sets a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected. Output.
  • the determination unit 23 includes a timer and resets the integrated value every time a predetermined period elapses. Thereby, abnormality can be detected based on the frequency
  • the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor in a state where the sensor signal is output from the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the electric motor 51. It is possible to detect at least any abnormality of 52.
  • the inductive PG does not have an independent power supply and can be miniaturized. However, when the rotational speed of the electric motor is reduced, the amplitude of the sensor signal output from the inductive PG decreases. Therefore, the conventional power converter that determines the abnormality of the sensor signal based on the presence or absence of the sensor signal erroneously determines that the speed sensor is abnormal when the sensor signal cannot be detected because the rotation speed of the motor is slow. End up.
  • an inductive PG is provided as the speed sensor 52. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the power conversion device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention further includes a speed acquisition unit 14 that acquires the rotation speed of the electric motor 51.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction.
  • the speed acquisition unit 14 acquires the speed of the electric motor 51 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53 attached to the electric motor 51.
  • the speed sensor 53 has an independent power source, and the amplitude of the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53 is constant regardless of the rotational speed of the electric motor 51.
  • the threshold speed is determined according to the characteristics of the speed sensor 52, and the rotation direction detection unit 12 can detect the sensor signal when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed.
  • the threshold speed is, for example, 1 rpm (round per minute). That the sensor signal can be detected means that the rising edge of the sensor signal shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be accurately detected. When the rising edge of the sensor signal can be detected accurately, the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
  • the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 13 according to the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 13 according to the first embodiment.
  • the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the holding unit 22.
  • the holding unit 22 performs the same operation as in the first embodiment when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed.
  • the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the XOR gate 21 unlike the first embodiment, and the rotation direction detection unit.
  • the stored value indicating the rotation direction is updated with the value indicating the rotation direction input from 12.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment is performed only when the abnormality detection is performed when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed.
  • the abnormality detection performed by the power conversion apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is performed. It is different from processing.
  • the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 13 shown in FIG. 8 does not perform the sequential processing, the operation of the abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 9 for easy understanding.
  • the processes in steps S11 to S15 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S16; N)
  • the process returns to step S11, and the power conversion device 2 repeats the process of step S11.
  • the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S16; Y)
  • the process proceeds to step S12. Subsequent processing is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the motor 51 and the speed sensor are based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motor 51.
  • the motor 51 and the speed sensor are based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motor 51.
  • the present invention is also applicable to a power converter that supplies power to a plurality of electric motors that drive a vehicle.
  • power conversion device 3 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention supplies power to a plurality of electric motors 51 and 54.
  • the structure of the electric motor 54 is the same as that of the electric motor 51.
  • the electric motors 51 and 54 drive the electric railway vehicle. That is, the electric motors 51 and 54 rotate at the same speed in the same direction.
  • the power conversion device 3 converts the input power, supplies the converted power to the electric motors 51 and 54, and the sensor signals output from the speed sensors 52 and 55, and the electric motors 51 and 54.
  • a rotation direction detection unit 12 that detects the rotation direction is provided.
  • the structure of the speed sensor 55 is the same as that of the speed sensor 52.
  • the power conversion device 3 further includes an abnormality detection unit 15 that detects an abnormality of at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54. With the above configuration, the power conversion device 3 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 in a state where the sensor signal is output.
  • the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction of each of the electric motors 51 and 54 as in the first embodiment. Specifically, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 from the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal output from the speed sensor 52. Further, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 from the A phase pulse signal and the B phase pulse signal output from the speed sensor 55. As described above, since the motors 51 and 54 rotate in the same direction, if no abnormality has occurred in any of the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55, the detected rotation direction of the motor 51 and the detected direction are detected. The rotation directions of the motors 54 thus matched are the same. In other words, when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 do not coincide with each other, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55.
  • the abnormality detection unit 15 includes a determination unit 23.
  • a signal obtained by delaying the B-phase pulse signal of the speed sensor 52 is supplied to the determination unit 23, and the determination unit 23 operates in synchronization with the rise of the delayed B-phase pulse signal.
  • the delay time is determined according to a time difference that may occur at the rising edge of the B phase pulse signal of the speed sensors 52 and 55.
  • the determination unit 23 includes a comparator, and the comparator compares the rotation directions of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54.
  • the determination unit 23 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the comparison result of the comparator.
  • the determination unit 23 determines that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 do not match, and has detected that the abnormality has been detected. Outputs the indicated value.
  • the rotation direction detection part 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54 (step S21).
  • step S22; Y the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 detected in step S21 match
  • step S22; N the determination unit 23 determines that at least one of the abnormality of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 has occurred. Then, a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected is output (step S23).
  • the electric motors 51 and 54 in a state where sensor signals are output from the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54, and It is possible to detect an abnormality in at least one of the speed sensors 52 and 55.
  • the power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention differs from the power conversion device 3 in that at least one of the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the change in the rotation direction of the plurality of motors 51 and 54.
  • An abnormality is detected.
  • the power conversion device 4 includes an abnormality detection unit 16 instead of the abnormality detection unit 15 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment.
  • the abnormality detection unit 16 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on a change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54.
  • the abnormality detection unit 16 detects at least one abnormality of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on whether or not the change timings of the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 match. To do.
  • the power conversion device 4 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 in a state where the sensor signal is output.
  • the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54 as in the third embodiment. When there is no abnormality in the electric motors 51 and 54, the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 change at the same timing. In other words, when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 do not change at the same timing, it can be determined that at least one abnormality of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 has occurred.
  • the abnormality detection unit 16 further includes an XOR gate 24 and a holding unit 25 in addition to the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 13 according to the first embodiment.
  • the structure and operation of the XOR gate 24 are the same as those of the XOR gate 21.
  • the structure and operation of the holding unit 25 are the same as those of the holding unit 22.
  • the rotation direction detection unit 12 supplies the B phase pulse signal of the speed sensor 55 to the holding unit 25, and the holding unit 25 operates in synchronization with the rising of the B phase pulse signal of the speed sensor 55. Details of the components of the abnormality detection unit 16 will be described.
  • the holding unit 22 When the value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 51 to the XOR gate 21. That is, the input of the XOR gate 21 is a value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 51. Therefore, when the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 1, and when the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is not changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 0.
  • the holding unit 25 When a value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 is input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 25 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 54 to the XOR gate 24. That is, the input of the XOR gate 24 is a value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 54. Therefore, the output of the XOR gate 24 is 1 when the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 is changed, and the output of the XOR gate 24 is 0 when the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 is not changed.
  • the determination unit 23 includes a comparator, and the comparator compares the presence / absence of a change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54.
  • the determination unit 23 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the comparison result of the comparator. Specifically, the determination unit 23 determines that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 when the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54 does not change at the same timing, and detects the abnormality.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment is the power according to the third embodiment in that it is determined that an abnormality has occurred when the rotation directions of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54 do not change at the same timing. This is different from the abnormality detection process performed by the conversion device 3.
  • the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 16 illustrated in FIG. 14 does not sequentially perform processing. However, for easy understanding, the operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 4 will be described with reference to FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 15, the processing in steps S21 and S23 is the same as that in the third embodiment. When the process of step S21 ends, the abnormality detection unit 16 detects a change in the rotation direction (step S24).
  • step S25; Y When the rotation directions of the motors 51 and 54 change at the same timing (step S25; Y), the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 4 repeats the processes of steps S21, S24, and S25.
  • step S25; N When the rotation direction of the motors 51 and 54 does not change at the same timing (step S25; N), the process proceeds to step S23. Processing described later is the same as that in the third embodiment.
  • the electric motor 51 in a state where the sensor signals are output from the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the change in the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54. , 54 and at least one of the speed sensors 52, 55 can be detected.
  • the configuration of power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention is the same as the configuration of power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 4.
  • the power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment detects an abnormality in at least one of the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the plurality of motors 51 and 54.
  • the determination unit 23 includes two accumulators, and one accumulator integrates the output of the XOR gate 21 and the other accumulator integrates the output of the XOR gate 24.
  • the determination unit 23 determines whether the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensor 52 are. , 55, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, and a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected is output.
  • the period and threshold value used for determination of abnormality can be determined according to the characteristics of the device on which the power conversion device 4 is mounted, as in the first embodiment.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment is that the abnormality is detected based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54, and thus the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment. This is different from the abnormality detection process performed by 4.
  • the processes in steps S21, S23, and S24 are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
  • the abnormality detection unit 16 calculates the frequency of rotation direction conversion (step S26).
  • the abnormality detection unit 16 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of each of the electric motors 51 and 54.
  • the determination unit 23 included in the abnormality detection unit 16 determines whether at least one of the number of changes in the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 and the number of changes in the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 in a predetermined period is greater than or equal to a threshold value. Based on this, it is determined whether there is an abnormality (step S27). When the number of changes in the rotation direction of each of the electric motors 51 and 54 in the predetermined period is less than the threshold value, that is, when there is no abnormality (step S27; N), the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 4 The above process is repeated.
  • step S27 If the number of changes in the rotational direction of at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 in the determined period is equal to or greater than the threshold value, that is, if there is an abnormality (step S27; Y), the process proceeds to step S23.
  • the processing described later is the same as in the third and fourth embodiments.
  • the electric motor in a state where sensor signals are output from the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54. It is possible to detect an abnormality in at least one of 51 and 54 and speed sensors 52 and 55.
  • the power conversion device 5 is a speed for acquiring the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 in addition to the configuration of the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment.
  • the acquisition unit 14 is further provided.
  • the abnormality detection unit 15 determines the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensor 52 based on the rotation directions of the plurality of motors 51 and 54. , 55 is detected.
  • the speed acquisition unit 14 acquires the speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53 attached to the electric motor 51. As described above, since the motors 51 and 54 rotate at the same speed in the same direction, the speed acquisition unit 14 can acquire the speeds of the motors 51 and 54 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53.
  • the threshold speed is determined according to the characteristics of the speed sensors 52 and 55, and the rotation direction detector 12 can detect the sensor signal when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed.
  • the threshold speed is 1 rpm, for example.
  • the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
  • the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 15 according to the sixth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 15 according to the third embodiment.
  • the rotation speed of the electric motors 51 and 54 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the determination unit 23.
  • Determination unit 23 performs the same operation as in the third embodiment when the rotation speeds of electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed.
  • the determination unit 23 does not perform abnormality detection processing based on the rotation direction of the motors 51 and 54 when the rotation speeds of the motors 51 and 54 are less than the threshold speed.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 5 according to the sixth embodiment is performed by the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment in that abnormality detection is performed when the rotation speeds of the motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Different from the abnormality detection process to be performed.
  • the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 15 illustrated in FIG. 18 does not sequentially perform processing. However, for easy understanding, an operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 5 will be described with reference to FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 19, the processes in steps S21 to S23 are the same as those in the third embodiment.
  • the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S28; N)
  • the power conversion device 5 repeatedly performs the process of step S21.
  • the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S28; Y)
  • the process proceeds to step S23. Processing described later is the same as that in the third embodiment.
  • the electric motors 51 and 54 when the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the electric motors 51 and 54 and the electric motors 51 and 54 and By detecting an abnormality in at least one of the speed sensors 52 and 55, it is possible to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
  • the power conversion device 6 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention has a speed acquisition unit that acquires the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 in addition to the configuration of the power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 4. 14 is further provided.
  • the structure and operation of the speed acquisition unit 14 are the same as those of the speed acquisition unit 14 included in the power conversion device 5 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the abnormality detection unit 16 determines whether the motors 51 and 54 and the speeds are based on the change in the rotation direction of the plurality of motors 51 and 54. An abnormality in at least one of the sensors 52 and 55 is detected.
  • the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
  • the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 16 according to the seventh embodiment is the same as the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 16 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the holding unit 22, and the rotation speed of the electric motor 54 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the holding unit 25.
  • the holding unit 22 performs the same operation as in the fourth embodiment when the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed.
  • the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the XOR gate 21 and inputs from the rotation direction detection unit 12.
  • the stored value indicating the rotation direction is updated with the value indicating the rotation direction.
  • Holding unit 25 performs the same operation as in the fourth embodiment when the rotation speed of electric motor 54 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the electric motor 54 is less than the threshold speed, the holding unit 25 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the XOR gate 24 and inputs from the rotation direction detection unit 12. The stored value indicating the rotation direction is updated with the value indicating the rotation direction.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 6 according to the seventh embodiment is performed by the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment in that abnormality detection is performed when the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Different from the abnormality detection process to be performed.
  • the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 16 illustrated in FIG. 21 does not sequentially perform processing. However, for easy understanding, the operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 6 will be described with reference to FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 22, the processes in steps S21, S23, S24, and S25 are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
  • step S29; N When the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S29; N), the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 6 repeats the process of step S21. On the other hand, when the rotational speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S29; Y), the process proceeds to step S24. Subsequent processing is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
  • the electric motors 51 and 54 are based on the change in the rotational direction of the electric motors 51 and 54.
  • By detecting an abnormality in at least one of 54 and speed sensors 52 and 55 it is possible to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
  • the configuration of power conversion device 6 according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention is the same as the configuration of power conversion device 6 according to Embodiment 7.
  • the power conversion device 6 according to the eighth embodiment is configured such that when the rotational speeds of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the electric motors 51 and 54 are 54 and at least one of the speed sensors 52 and 55 is detected.
  • the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
  • the operation of the determination unit 23 is the same as that of the fifth embodiment. Specifically, the determination unit 23 integrates the outputs of the XOR gate 21 during a predetermined period. Further, the determination unit 23 integrates the outputs of the XOR gate 24 during a predetermined period. If at least one of the integrated value of the output of the XOR gate 21 and the integrated value of the output of the XOR gate 24 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the determination unit 23 causes an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55. A value indicating that an abnormality has been detected is output.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 6 according to the eighth embodiment is that the power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment performs abnormality detection when the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Different from the abnormality detection process to be performed.
  • the processes in steps S21, S23, S24, S26, and S27 are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.
  • the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S29; N)
  • the power conversion device 6 repeats the process of step S21.
  • the rotational speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S29; Y)
  • the process proceeds to step S24. Subsequent processing is the same as in the fifth embodiment.
  • the electric motor is based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motors 51 and 54.
  • the power conversion device 1-6 described above may stop the operation of the power conversion unit 11 when an abnormality is detected.
  • a description will be given of a configuration in which the power conversion device 1 has a function of stopping the operation of the power conversion unit 11 when an abnormality is detected.
  • the power conversion device 7 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention is configured so that, in addition to the configuration of the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment, the abnormality detection unit 13 detects an abnormality.
  • a stop control unit 17 that stops the conversion unit 11 is further provided.
  • the abnormality detection unit 15 When detecting an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52, the abnormality detection unit 15 outputs a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected to the stop control unit 17. When a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected is input, the stop control unit 17 outputs a control signal for opening the switching element to the switching element included in the power conversion unit 11. The operation of the power converter 11 is stopped by opening the switching element.
  • the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 7 according to the ninth embodiment is the abnormality detection performed by the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment in that the power conversion unit 11 is stopped when an abnormality is detected. Different from processing. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 25, the processing in steps S11 to S15 is the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • the stop control unit 17 stops the operation of the power conversion unit 11 (step S17). When the process of step S17 ends, the power conversion device 7 ends the abnormality detection process.
  • the safety of the power conversion device 7 can be improved by stopping the operation of the power conversion unit 11 when an abnormality is detected. Is possible.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • the speed sensors 52 and 55 may output three or more sensor signals.
  • the way in which the waveform of the sensor signal collapses is not limited to the example in FIG.
  • the waveforms of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal may both collapse, and the rotation direction detected by the rotation direction detection unit 12 may change frequently.
  • the abnormality detection unit 13 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction.
  • the speed acquisition unit 14 may acquire the rotational speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 from, for example, ATC (Automatic Train Control).
  • the speed sensor 53 may be attached to the electric motor 54, and the speed acquisition unit 14 may acquire the rotation speed of the electric motors 51 and 54 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53.
  • the power conversion device 3-6 may supply power to three or more electric motors.
  • the abnormality detection units 13, 15, and 16 output a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected to, for example, TIMS (Train Information Management System).
  • the determination unit 23 may shorten the above-defined period each time an abnormality is detected. For example, the determination unit 23 sets the determined period to 1 minute and sets the threshold value to 5. When the determination unit 23 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 has changed five times or more in one minute, the determination unit 23 outputs a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected. Thereafter, the determination unit 23 sets the predetermined period to 30 seconds and sets the threshold value to 3. When the determination unit 23 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 has changed three or more times in 30 seconds, the determination unit 23 outputs a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected.
  • the power conversion unit 11 may be stopped.

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Abstract

A power conversion device (1) is provided with a power conversion unit (11), a rotating direction detection unit (12), and an abnormality detection unit (13). The power conversion unit (11) converts inputted power and supplies the converted power to an electric motor (51). The rotating direction detection unit (12) detects the rotating direction of the electric motor (51) on the basis of a sensor signal outputted by a speed sensor (52). The abnormality detection unit (13) detects a change of the rotating direction, and calculates the frequency of change of the rotating direction. The abnormality detection unit (13) further detects an abnormality in the electric motor (51) and/or the speed sensor (52) on the basis of the frequency of change of the rotating direction.

Description

電力変換装置および異常検出方法Power converter and abnormality detection method
　この発明は、電動機および速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する電力変換装置および異常検出方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a power conversion device and an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality in at least one of an electric motor and a speed sensor.
　電気鉄道車両には、架線から入力された電力を変換し、変換した電力を電動機に供給する電力変換装置が搭載される。電力変換装置の制御部は、速度センサから取得した電動機の回転速度、および電動機に流れる電流に基づき、電動機のトルクを所望の範囲に維持するための制御を行う。 An electric railway vehicle is equipped with a power conversion device that converts electric power input from an overhead line and supplies the converted electric power to an electric motor. The control unit of the power conversion device performs control for maintaining the torque of the motor in a desired range based on the rotation speed of the motor acquired from the speed sensor and the current flowing through the motor.
　特許文献１に開示されるパルスジェネレーター断線検出付速度制御装置は、入力されたモータの速度基準および速度フィードバックから演算を行い、電流基準またはトルク基準を出力する速度制御演算増幅器を備える。速度制御演算増幅器を備えることで、電動機のトルクを所望の範囲に維持する。速度センサに異常が生じると、モータのトルクを所望の範囲に維持することができない。そこで、特許文献１に開示されるパルスジェネレーター断線検出付速度制御装置は、モータの速度基準が有る時に速度フィードバックが０とみなすことができ、電流基準またはトルク基準が制限値であるとみなすことができる状態が一定時間継続したことを検出することにより、パルスジェネレーターの断線を検出する。 The speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a speed control operational amplifier that performs an operation from an input motor speed reference and speed feedback and outputs a current reference or a torque reference. By providing the speed control operational amplifier, the torque of the electric motor is maintained in a desired range. If an abnormality occurs in the speed sensor, the torque of the motor cannot be maintained in a desired range. Therefore, the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 can regard speed feedback as 0 when there is a speed reference of the motor, and can regard current reference or torque reference as a limit value. The disconnection of the pulse generator is detected by detecting that the ready state has continued for a certain period of time.
特開２０００－３５４３８８号公報JP 2000-354388 A
　上記速度センサの一種であるパルスジェネレーターの電源ケーブル、信号線等が完全に断線すると、パルスジェネレーターからセンサ信号が出力されなくなり、速度フィードバックは０となる。そのため、特許文献１に開示されるパルスジェネレーター断線検出付速度制御装置は、速度フィードバックに基づいて、パルスジェネレーターの断線を検出することができる。一方、電源ケーブル、信号線等が断線しかけている場合、電動機の軸が損傷している場合等に、パルスジェネレーターからセンサ信号は出力されているが、センサ信号の遅れ、センサ信号の瞬断等が生じることがある。上述のようにセンサ信号は出力されているが、電動機またはパルスジェネレーターにおいて異常が生じている場合、特許文献１に開示されるパルスジェネレーター断線検出付速度制御装置は、異常を検出することができない。また電動機の回転速度が遅くなると、誘導型のパルスジェネレーターが出力するセンサ信号の振幅は小さくなる。そのため、特許文献１に開示されるパルスジェネレーター断線検出付速度制御装置は、電動機の回転速度が遅いために、センサ信号を検出できない場合、誤って速度センサが異常であると判定してしまう。 When the power cable and signal line of the pulse generator, which is a kind of the speed sensor, are completely disconnected, the sensor signal is not output from the pulse generator, and the speed feedback becomes zero. Therefore, the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 can detect the disconnection of the pulse generator based on the speed feedback. On the other hand, the sensor signal is output from the pulse generator when the power cable, signal line, etc. are about to break, or the motor shaft is damaged, but the sensor signal is delayed, the sensor signal is momentarily interrupted, etc. May occur. Although the sensor signal is output as described above, when an abnormality occurs in the electric motor or the pulse generator, the speed generator with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot detect the abnormality. Further, when the rotation speed of the electric motor becomes slow, the amplitude of the sensor signal output from the induction type pulse generator becomes small. Therefore, the speed control device with pulse generator disconnection detection disclosed in Patent Document 1 erroneously determines that the speed sensor is abnormal when the sensor signal cannot be detected because the rotational speed of the electric motor is slow.
　本発明は上述の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、センサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機および速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが目的である。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to detect an abnormality in at least one of an electric motor and a speed sensor in a state where a sensor signal is being output.
　上記目的を達成するために、本発明の電力変換装置は、電動機に電力を供給する電力変換装置であって、回転方向検出部、および、異常検出部を備える。回転方向検出部は、電動機に取り付けられた速度センサが出力するセンサ信号に基づき、電動機の回転方向を検出する。異常検出部は、回転方向の変化を検出し、回転方向の変化の頻度を算出し、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機および速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。 In order to achieve the above object, a power conversion device according to the present invention is a power conversion device that supplies electric power to an electric motor, and includes a rotation direction detection unit and an abnormality detection unit. A rotation direction detection part detects the rotation direction of an electric motor based on the sensor signal which the speed sensor attached to the electric motor outputs. The abnormality detection unit detects a change in the rotation direction, calculates a frequency of the change in the rotation direction, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor and the speed sensor based on the frequency of the change in the rotation direction.
　本発明によれば、電動機の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、センサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機および速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 According to the present invention, it is possible to detect an abnormality in at least one of the motor and the speed sensor in a state where the sensor signal is output based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motor.
本発明の実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 実施の形態１におけるセンサ信号の例を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment 実施の形態１におけるセンサ信号の例を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment 実施の形態１に係る異常検出部の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection part which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 1 performs. 実施の形態１におけるセンサ信号の例を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensor signal in the first embodiment 本発明の実施の形態２に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 実施の形態２に係る異常検出部の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection part which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. 実施の形態２に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 2 performs. 本発明の実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. 実施の形態３に係る異常検出部の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection part which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. 実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 3 performs. 本発明の実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. 実施の形態４に係る異常検出部の構成を示すブロック図FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection unit according to the fourth embodiment. 実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 4 performs. 本発明の実施の形態５に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention performs. 本発明の実施の形態６に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. 実施の形態６に係る異常検出部の構成を示すブロック図Block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection unit according to the sixth embodiment 実施の形態６に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 6 performs. 本発明の実施の形態７に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention. 実施の形態７に係る異常検出部の構成を示すブロック図FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection unit according to the seventh embodiment. 実施の形態７に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 7 performs. 本発明の実施の形態８に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 8 of this invention performs. 本発明の実施の形態９に係る電力変換装置の構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the structure of the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 9 of this invention. 実施の形態９に係る電力変換装置が行う異常検出処理の動作の一例を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows an example of the operation | movement of the abnormality detection process which the power converter device which concerns on Embodiment 9 performs.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態に係る電力変換装置について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお図中、同一または同等の部分には同一の符号を付す。 Hereinafter, a power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
　（実施の形態１）
　図１に示すように、本発明の実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置１は、入力された電力を変換し、変換した電力を電動機５１に供給する電力変換部１１、および、速度センサ５２が出力するセンサ信号に基づき、電動機５１の回転方向を検出する回転方向検出部１２を備える。電力変換部１１は、入力された交流電力を所望の交流電力に変換し、所望の交流電力を電動機５１に供給する。電力変換装置１はさらに、回転方向の変化を検出し、回転方向の変化の頻度を算出し、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する異常検出部１３を備える。上記構成により、電力変換装置１は、センサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 (Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the power conversion device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a power conversion unit 11 that converts input power and supplies the converted power to an electric motor 51, and a speed sensor 52. A rotation direction detection unit 12 that detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 based on the sensor signal to be output is provided. The power conversion unit 11 converts the input AC power into desired AC power and supplies the desired AC power to the electric motor 51. The power converter 1 further detects a change in the rotation direction, calculates the frequency of the change in the rotation direction, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of the change in the rotation direction. An abnormality detection unit 13 is provided. With the above configuration, the power conversion device 1 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 in a state where the sensor signal is output.
　電力変換装置１は、電気鉄道車両に搭載される。その場合、電力変換部１１は、架線から入力される電力を変換して電動機５１に供給し、電動機５１は、電気鉄道車両の車輪を駆動する。速度センサ５２として、電動機５１の軸に取り付けられる二相出力のＰＧ（Pulse Generator：パルスジェネレーター）が設けられる。詳細には、速度センサ５２は、電動機５１の回転方向および回転速度に応じて、複数のセンサ信号を出力する。複数のセンサ信号はそれぞれ、パルス信号であり、複数のセンサ信号の位相は互いに異なる。 The power conversion device 1 is mounted on an electric railway vehicle. In that case, the power conversion unit 11 converts the electric power input from the overhead line and supplies it to the electric motor 51, and the electric motor 51 drives the wheels of the electric railway vehicle. As the speed sensor 52, a two-phase output PG (Pulse Generator: pulse generator) attached to the shaft of the electric motor 51 is provided. Specifically, the speed sensor 52 outputs a plurality of sensor signals according to the rotation direction and rotation speed of the electric motor 51. Each of the plurality of sensor signals is a pulse signal, and the phases of the plurality of sensor signals are different from each other.
　速度センサ５２は、２つのセンサ信号、すなわち、Ａ相パルス信号とＢ相パルス信号を出力する。電動機５１および速度センサ５２のいずれにも異常が生じていない場合、Ａ相パルス信号とＢ相パルス信号のデューティー比および周期τは同じである。Ａ相パルス信号とＢ相パルス信号は、位相が９０度ずれている。図２および図３に示すように、速度センサ５２は、電動機５１の回転方向に応じて、Ａ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号のいずれか一方の位相を他方の位相から９０度遅れさせる。実施の形態１の例では、電動機５１が正転する場合、図２に示すように、Ｂ相パルス信号の位相は、Ａ相パルス信号の位相より９０度遅れる。一方、電動機５１が逆転する場合、図３に示すように、Ａ相パルス信号の位相は、Ｂ相パルス信号の位相より９０度遅れる。 The speed sensor 52 outputs two sensor signals, that is, an A-phase pulse signal and a B-phase pulse signal. When no abnormality has occurred in either the electric motor 51 or the speed sensor 52, the duty ratio and the period τ of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal are the same. The phase of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal are shifted by 90 degrees. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the speed sensor 52 delays one phase of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal by 90 degrees from the other phase according to the rotation direction of the electric motor 51. In the example of the first embodiment, when the electric motor 51 rotates forward, the phase of the B-phase pulse signal is delayed by 90 degrees from the phase of the A-phase pulse signal as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the motor 51 reverses, the phase of the A-phase pulse signal is delayed by 90 degrees from the phase of the B-phase pulse signal, as shown in FIG.
　上述のように、電動機５１の回転方向に応じて、Ａ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号のいずれか一方の位相が他方の位相から９０度遅れるため、回転方向検出部１２は、Ａ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号から、電動機５１の回転方向を検出することができる。詳細には、回転方向検出部１２は、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりを検出し、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がり時点において、Ａ相パルス信号がＨ（High）レベルおよびＬ（Low）レベルのいずれの状態であるかに基づいて、電動機５１の回転方向を検出する。 As described above, according to the rotation direction of the electric motor 51, one of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal is delayed by 90 degrees from the other phase. The rotation direction of the electric motor 51 can be detected from the B-phase pulse signal. Specifically, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal, and the A-phase pulse signal is in either the H (High) level or the L (Low) level at the rise of the B-phase pulse signal. The rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is detected based on whether the
　図２の例では、回転方向検出部１２は、時刻Ｔ２において、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりを検出する。時刻Ｔ２においてＡ相パルス信号はＨレベルであるから、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１が正転していることを検出する。時刻Ｔ４においても同様に、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１が正転していることを検出する。図３の例では、回転方向検出部１２は、時刻Ｔ１において、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりを検出する。時刻Ｔ１においてＡ相パルス信号はＬレベルであるから、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１が逆転していることを検出する。時刻Ｔ３においても同様に、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１が逆転していることを検出する。回転方向検出部１２は、回転方向を検出するたびに、異常検出部１３に回転方向を示す値を出力する。 In the example of FIG. 2, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rise of the B phase pulse signal at time T2. Since the A-phase pulse signal is at the H level at time T2, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is rotating forward. Similarly at time T4, the rotation direction detector 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is rotating forward. In the example of FIG. 3, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal at time T1. Since the A-phase pulse signal is at the L level at time T1, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is reversely rotated. Similarly, at time T3, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the electric motor 51 is reversely rotated. Each time the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
　上述のように、電力変換装置１が電気鉄道車両に搭載される場合であって、電動機５１および速度センサ５２のいずれにも異常が生じていない場合、電動機５１の回転方向が頻繁に変わることはない。すなわち、回転方向検出部１２で検出した電動機５１の回転方向が短時間に複数回変化した場合は、電動機５１の軸の破損、速度センサ５２の故障等の異常が生じていると考えられる。そこで、異常検出部１３は、回転方向検出部１２が検出した回転方向に基づき、回転方向の変化を検出する。さらに異常検出部１３は、回転方向の変化の頻度を算出し、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。詳細には、異常検出部１３は、回転方向を示す値の変化の頻度を算出し、回転方向を示す値の変化の頻度に基づいて、異常を検出する。 As described above, when the power conversion device 1 is mounted on an electric railway vehicle and there is no abnormality in either the electric motor 51 or the speed sensor 52, the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 frequently changes. Absent. That is, when the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 detected by the rotation direction detection unit 12 changes a plurality of times in a short time, it is considered that an abnormality such as breakage of the shaft of the electric motor 51 or failure of the speed sensor 52 has occurred. Therefore, the abnormality detection unit 13 detects a change in the rotation direction based on the rotation direction detected by the rotation direction detection unit 12. Furthermore, the abnormality detection unit 13 calculates the frequency of change in the rotational direction, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotational direction. Specifically, the abnormality detection unit 13 calculates the frequency of change in the value indicating the rotation direction, and detects an abnormality based on the frequency of change in the value indicating the rotation direction.
　電動機５１が正転している場合に、回転方向検出部１２が出力する回転方向を示す値が”０”、電動機５１が逆転している場合に、回転方向検出部１２が出力する回転方向を示す値が”１”である場合を例にして、異常検出の処理について説明する。後続の実施の形態においても同様である。図４に示すように、異常検出部１３は、ＸＯＲ（排他的論理和）ゲート２１、回転方向検出部１２から入力される回転方向を示す値を保持する保持部２２、およびＸＯＲゲート２１の出力に基づいて、異常の有無を判定する判定部２３を備える。図示しないが、回転方向検出部１２からＢ相パルス信号が保持部２２および判定部２３に供給され、回転方向検出部１２、保持部２２、および判定部２３は、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりに同期して動作する。保持部２２は、回転方向検出部１２から回転方向を示す値が入力されると、直前の回転方向を示す値をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力する。すなわち、ＸＯＲゲート２１の入力は、回転方向検出部１２が出力する回転方向を示す値、および、直前の回転方向を示す値である。したがって、回転方向が変化した場合は、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は１であり、回転方向が変化しない場合は、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は０である。 When the motor 51 is rotating forward, the value indicating the rotation direction output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 is “0”, and when the motor 51 is rotating in reverse, the rotation direction output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 is The abnormality detection process will be described by taking an example in which the indicated value is “1”. The same applies to the subsequent embodiments. As shown in FIG. 4, the abnormality detection unit 13 includes an XOR (exclusive OR) gate 21, a holding unit 22 that holds a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, and an output of the XOR gate 21. Is provided with a determination unit 23 that determines whether or not there is an abnormality. Although not shown, a B-phase pulse signal is supplied from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the holding unit 22 and the determination unit 23, and the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 22, and the determination unit 23 are synchronized with the rising edge of the B-phase pulse signal. Works. When a value indicating the rotation direction is input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the previous rotation direction to the XOR gate 21. That is, the input of the XOR gate 21 is a value indicating the rotation direction output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value indicating the immediately preceding rotation direction. Therefore, when the rotation direction is changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 1, and when the rotation direction is not changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 0.
　判定部２３は、アキュムレータを備え、アキュムレータが定められた期間においてＸＯＲゲート２１の出力を積算する。判定部２３は、積算値が閾値以上となれば、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。判定部２３において、異常の判定に用いる期間および閾値は、電力変換装置１が搭載される機器の特性に応じて定めることができる。電気鉄道車両に搭載される電力変換装置１において、例えば、１分間に回転方向を示す値が５回以上変化した場合、３０秒間に回転方向を示す値が３回以上変化した場合等に、判定部２３は、異常が生じたと判定することができる。 The determination unit 23 includes an accumulator, and integrates the outputs of the XOR gate 21 during a period in which the accumulator is determined. If the integrated value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the determination unit 23 determines that at least one abnormality of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 has occurred, and outputs a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected. In the determination part 23, the period and threshold value used for determination of abnormality can be defined according to the characteristic of the apparatus in which the power converter device 1 is mounted. In the power conversion device 1 mounted on the electric railway vehicle, for example, when the value indicating the rotation direction changes 5 times or more in 1 minute, or when the value indicating the rotation direction changes 30 times or more in 30 seconds, etc. The unit 23 can determine that an abnormality has occurred.
　図４に示す異常検出部１３の回路は順次処理を行う訳ではないが、理解を容易にするため、図５を用いて、電力変換装置１が行う異常検出処理の動作について説明する。回転方向検出部１２は、速度センサ５２が出力するセンサ信号から、電動機５１の回転方向を検出する（ステップＳ１１）。異常検出部１３は、回転方向の変化を検出し（ステップＳ１２）、回転方向の変化の頻度を算出する（ステップＳ１３）。回転方向の変化の頻度は、定められた期間における回転方向の変化回数である。そして、異常検出部１３は、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。詳細には、異常検出部１３が有する判定部２３は、定められた期間における回転方向の変化回数が閾値以上であるか否かに基づいて、異常の有無を判定する（ステップＳ１４）。定められた期間における回転方向の変化回数が閾値未満である、すなわち、異常が無い場合には（ステップＳ１４；Ｎ）、ステップＳ１１の処理に戻って、電力変換装置１は上述の処理を繰り返す。定められた期間における回転方向の変化回数が閾値以上である、すなわち、異常が有る場合には（ステップＳ１４；Ｙ）、異常検出部１３は、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する（ステップＳ１５）。 The circuit of the abnormality detection unit 13 shown in FIG. 4 does not sequentially perform processing, but in order to facilitate understanding, the operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The rotation direction detector 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 from the sensor signal output by the speed sensor 52 (step S11). The abnormality detection unit 13 detects a change in the rotation direction (step S12), and calculates the frequency of the change in the rotation direction (step S13). The frequency of change in the rotation direction is the number of changes in the rotation direction in a predetermined period. Then, the abnormality detection unit 13 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction. Specifically, the determination unit 23 included in the abnormality detection unit 13 determines the presence / absence of an abnormality based on whether or not the number of changes in the rotation direction in a predetermined period is greater than or equal to a threshold value (step S14). When the number of changes in the rotation direction in the determined period is less than the threshold value, that is, when there is no abnormality (step S14; N), the process returns to step S11, and the power converter 1 repeats the above-described process. When the number of changes in the rotational direction in the determined period is equal to or greater than the threshold value, that is, when there is an abnormality (step S14; Y), the abnormality detection unit 13 outputs a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected (step S14). S15).
　電力変換装置１が行う異常検出処理の動作の詳細について、図６を用いて説明する。速度センサ５２は、Ａ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号を出力する。速度センサ５２の電源ケーブル、信号線等が断線しかけている場合に、センサ信号に遅れが生じる。 Details of the operation of the abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The speed sensor 52 outputs an A phase pulse signal and a B phase pulse signal. When the power cable or signal line of the speed sensor 52 is almost disconnected, a delay occurs in the sensor signal.
　速度センサ５２は、電動機５１の回転に応じたＡ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号を出力する。電動機５１が正転している場合を例にして説明する。電動機５１が正転しているため、時刻Ｔ１において、Ａ相パルス信号が立ち上がり、時刻Ｔ２において、Ｂ相パルス信号が立ち上がる。回転方向検出部１２は、時刻Ｔ２において、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりを検出する。時刻Ｔ２において、Ａ相パルス信号がＨレベルであるため、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１の回転方向が正転であることを検出する。そして、回転方向検出部１２は、回転方向を示す値”０”を異常検出部１３に出力する。 Speed sensor 52 outputs an A-phase pulse signal and a B-phase pulse signal corresponding to the rotation of electric motor 51. The case where the electric motor 51 is rotating forward will be described as an example. Since the electric motor 51 is rotating forward, the A-phase pulse signal rises at time T1, and the B-phase pulse signal rises at time T2. The rotation direction detector 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal at time T2. At time T2, since the A-phase pulse signal is at the H level, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is normal rotation. Then, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value “0” indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
　保持部２２は、記憶している直前の回転方向を示す値がないため、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値”０”をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力する。また保持部２２は、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値”０”を記憶する。ＸＯＲゲート２１の入力が共に”０”であるため、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は０である。したがって、回転方向の変化回数に相当する判定部２３の積算値は初期値０のままである。 The holding unit 22 outputs the value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detecting unit 12 to the XOR gate 21 because there is no stored value indicating the immediately preceding rotation direction. The holding unit 22 stores a value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12. Since both inputs of the XOR gate 21 are “0”, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 0. Therefore, the integrated value of the determination unit 23 corresponding to the number of changes in the rotation direction remains the initial value 0.
　その後、時刻Ｔ４において、回転方向検出部１２は、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりを検出する。例えば、速度センサ５２の異常のため、時刻Ｔ４において、Ａ相パルス信号は立ち上がっていない。時刻Ｔ４において、Ａ相パルス信号がＬレベルであるため、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１の回転方向が逆転であることを検出する。そして、回転方向検出部１２は、回転方向を示す値”１”を異常検出部１３に出力する。 Thereafter, at time T4, the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rising edge of the B-phase pulse signal. For example, the phase A pulse signal does not rise at time T4 due to an abnormality in the speed sensor 52. At time T4, since the A-phase pulse signal is at the L level, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is reverse. Then, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value “1” indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13.
　保持部２２は、記憶している回転方向を示す値”０”をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力する。その後、保持部２２は、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値”１”で、記憶している回転方向を示す値”０”を更新する。ＸＯＲゲート２１の入力は、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値”１”と保持部２２から入力された回転方向を示す値”０”であるから、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は”１”である。したがって、判定部２３の積算値は１となる。 The holding unit 22 outputs the stored value “0” indicating the rotation direction to the XOR gate 21. Thereafter, the holding unit 22 updates the stored value “0” indicating the rotation direction with the value “1” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12. Since the input of the XOR gate 21 is a value “1” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the holding unit 22, the output of the XOR gate 21 is “1”. Therefore, the integrated value of the determination unit 23 is 1.
　その後、時刻Ｔ５，Ｔ６においてＡ相パルス信号は立ち上がる。時刻Ｔ７において、回転方向検出部１２は、Ｂ相パルス信号の立ち上がりを検出する。時刻Ｔ７において、Ａ相パルス信号がＨレベルであるため、回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１の回転方向が正転であることを検出する。そして、回転方向検出部１２は、回転方向を示す値”０”を異常検出部１３に出力する。保持部２２は、記憶している回転方向を示す値”１”をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力する。また保持部２２は、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値”０”を記憶する。ＸＯＲゲート２１の入力は回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値”０”と保持部２２から入力された回転方向を示す値”１”であるから、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は”０”である。したがって、判定部２３の積算値は２となる。 Thereafter, the A-phase pulse signal rises at times T5 and T6. At time T7, the rotation direction detector 12 detects the rise of the B-phase pulse signal. At time T7, since the A-phase pulse signal is at the H level, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is normal rotation. Then, the rotation direction detection unit 12 outputs a value “0” indicating the rotation direction to the abnormality detection unit 13. The holding unit 22 outputs the stored value “1” indicating the rotation direction to the XOR gate 21. The holding unit 22 stores a value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12. Since the input of the XOR gate 21 is the value “0” indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 and the value “1” indicating the rotation direction input from the holding unit 22, the output of the XOR gate 21 is “ 0 ". Therefore, the integrated value of the determination unit 23 is 2.
　上述の処理の結果、判定部２３の積算値が閾値以上になると、判定部２３は、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。なお判定部２３は、タイマを有し、定められた期間が経過するたびに、積算値をリセットする。これにより、異常検出部１３が定められた期間での変化回数、すなわち、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、異常を検出することができる。 As a result of the above-described processing, when the integrated value of the determination unit 23 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the determination unit 23 determines that at least one abnormality of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 has occurred and sets a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected. Output. Note that the determination unit 23 includes a timer and resets the integrated value every time a predetermined period elapses. Thereby, abnormality can be detected based on the frequency | count of change in the period for which the abnormality detection part 13 was defined, ie, the frequency of the change of a rotation direction.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置１によれば、電動機５１の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づき、速度センサ５２からセンサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment, the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor in a state where the sensor signal is output from the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the electric motor 51. It is possible to detect at least any abnormality of 52.
　（実施の形態２）
　誘導型のＰＧは、独立した電源を有さないため小型化が可能であるが、電動機の回転速度が遅くなると、誘導型のＰＧが出力するセンサ信号の振幅は小さくなる。そのため、センサ信号の有無に基づいてセンサ信号の異常を判定する従来の電力変換装置は、電動機の回転速度が遅いために、センサ信号を検出できない場合、誤って速度センサが異常であると判定してしまう。実施の形態２において、速度センサ５２として、誘導型のＰＧが設けられる。そこで、図７に示すように、本発明の実施の形態２に係る電力変換装置２は、電動機５１の回転速度を取得する速度取得部１４をさらに備える。速度取得部１４で取得した回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、異常検出部１３は、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。速度取得部１４は、電動機５１に取り付けられた速度センサ５３が出力するセンサ信号から、電動機５１の速度を取得する。速度センサ５３は独立した電源を有し、速度センサ５３が出力するセンサ信号の振幅は、電動機５１の回転速度によらず、一定である。閾値速度は、速度センサ５２の特性に応じて定められ、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、回転方向検出部１２がセンサ信号を検出可能である。閾値速度は、例えば１ｒｐｍ（round per minute）である。センサ信号が検出可能であるということは、図２および図３に示すセンサ信号の立ち上がりを正確に検出できることを意味する。センサ信号の立ち上がりを正確に検出可能な場合に、異常検出の処理を行うことで、異常検出の処理の精度を向上させることができる。 (Embodiment 2)
The inductive PG does not have an independent power supply and can be miniaturized. However, when the rotational speed of the electric motor is reduced, the amplitude of the sensor signal output from the inductive PG decreases. Therefore, the conventional power converter that determines the abnormality of the sensor signal based on the presence or absence of the sensor signal erroneously determines that the speed sensor is abnormal when the sensor signal cannot be detected because the rotation speed of the motor is slow. End up. In the second embodiment, an inductive PG is provided as the speed sensor 52. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the power conversion device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention further includes a speed acquisition unit 14 that acquires the rotation speed of the electric motor 51. When the rotation speed acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the abnormality detection unit 13 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction. The speed acquisition unit 14 acquires the speed of the electric motor 51 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53 attached to the electric motor 51. The speed sensor 53 has an independent power source, and the amplitude of the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53 is constant regardless of the rotational speed of the electric motor 51. The threshold speed is determined according to the characteristics of the speed sensor 52, and the rotation direction detection unit 12 can detect the sensor signal when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. The threshold speed is, for example, 1 rpm (round per minute). That the sensor signal can be detected means that the rising edge of the sensor signal shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be accurately detected. When the rising edge of the sensor signal can be detected accurately, the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
　図８に示すように、実施の形態２に係る異常検出部１３の構成は、実施の形態１に係る異常検出部１３の構成と同様である。ただし、保持部２２には、速度取得部１４が取得した電動機５１の回転速度が入力される。保持部２２は、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合は、実施の形態１と同様の動作を行う。保持部２２は、回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合は、実施の形態１とは異なり、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力し、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値で、記憶されている回転方向を示す値を更新する。 As shown in FIG. 8, the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 13 according to the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 13 according to the first embodiment. However, the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the holding unit 22. The holding unit 22 performs the same operation as in the first embodiment when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. When the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed, the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the XOR gate 21 unlike the first embodiment, and the rotation direction detection unit. The stored value indicating the rotation direction is updated with the value indicating the rotation direction input from 12.
　実施の形態２に係る電力変換装置２が行う異常検出の処理は、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に異常検出を行う点においてのみ、実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置１が行う異常検出の処理と異なる。図８に示す異常検出部１３の回路は順次処理を行う訳ではないが、理解を容易にするため、図９を用いて、電力変換装置２が行う異常検出処理の動作について説明する。図９に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ１１～Ｓ１５の処理は、実施の形態１と同様である。回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合（ステップＳ１６；Ｎ）、ステップＳ１１に戻って、電力変換装置２は、ステップＳ１１の処理を繰り返す。一方、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合（ステップＳ１６；Ｙ）、ステップＳ１２の処理に進む。後続の処理は、実施の形態１と同様である。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment is performed only when the abnormality detection is performed when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. The abnormality detection performed by the power conversion apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is performed. It is different from processing. Although the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 13 shown in FIG. 8 does not perform the sequential processing, the operation of the abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 9 for easy understanding. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, the processes in steps S11 to S15 are the same as those in the first embodiment. When the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S16; N), the process returns to step S11, and the power conversion device 2 repeats the process of step S11. On the other hand, when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S16; Y), the process proceeds to step S12. Subsequent processing is the same as in the first embodiment.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態２に係る電力変換装置２によれば、電動機５１の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、電動機５１の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づき、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することで、異常検出の精度を向上させることが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 2 according to the second embodiment, when the rotation speed of the motor 51 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the motor 51 and the speed sensor are based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motor 51. By detecting at least one of the abnormality 52, it is possible to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
　（実施の形態３）
　車両を駆動する複数の電動機に電力を供給する電力変換装置にも、本発明は適用可能である。図１０に示すように、本発明の実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置３は、複数の電動機５１，５４に電力を供給する。電動機５４の構造は、電動機５１と同様である。電動機５１，５４は電気鉄道車両を駆動する。すなわち、電動機５１，５４は同方向に同速度で回転する。電力変換装置３は、入力された電力を変換し、変換した電力を電動機５１，５４に供給する電力変換部１１、および、速度センサ５２，５５が出力するセンサ信号に基づき、電動機５１，５４の回転方向を検出する回転方向検出部１２を備える。速度センサ５５の構造は、速度センサ５２と同様である。電力変換装置３はさらに、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する異常検出部１５を備える。上記構成により、電力変換装置３は、センサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 (Embodiment 3)
The present invention is also applicable to a power converter that supplies power to a plurality of electric motors that drive a vehicle. As shown in FIG. 10, power conversion device 3 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention supplies power to a plurality of electric motors 51 and 54. The structure of the electric motor 54 is the same as that of the electric motor 51. The electric motors 51 and 54 drive the electric railway vehicle. That is, the electric motors 51 and 54 rotate at the same speed in the same direction. The power conversion device 3 converts the input power, supplies the converted power to the electric motors 51 and 54, and the sensor signals output from the speed sensors 52 and 55, and the electric motors 51 and 54. A rotation direction detection unit 12 that detects the rotation direction is provided. The structure of the speed sensor 55 is the same as that of the speed sensor 52. The power conversion device 3 further includes an abnormality detection unit 15 that detects an abnormality of at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54. With the above configuration, the power conversion device 3 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 in a state where the sensor signal is output.
　回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１，５４のそれぞれに対し、実施の形態１と同様に回転方向の検出を行う。詳細には、回転方向検出部１２は、速度センサ５２が出力するＡ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号から、電動機５１の回転方向を検出する。さらに、回転方向検出部１２は、速度センサ５５が出力するＡ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号から、電動機５４の回転方向を検出する。上述のように、電動機５１，５４は同方向に回転するため、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５のいずれにも異常が生じていない場合は、検出された電動機５１の回転方向と、検出された電動機５４の回転方向は一致する。換言すれば、電動機５１，５４の回転方向が一致しない場合は、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じていると判定することができる。 The rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction of each of the electric motors 51 and 54 as in the first embodiment. Specifically, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 from the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal output from the speed sensor 52. Further, the rotation direction detection unit 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 from the A phase pulse signal and the B phase pulse signal output from the speed sensor 55. As described above, since the motors 51 and 54 rotate in the same direction, if no abnormality has occurred in any of the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55, the detected rotation direction of the motor 51 and the detected direction are detected. The rotation directions of the motors 54 thus matched are the same. In other words, when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 do not coincide with each other, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55.
　図１１に示すように、異常検出部１５は、判定部２３を備える。図示しないが、速度センサ５２のＢ相パルス信号を遅延させた信号が、判定部２３に供給され、判定部２３は、遅延されたＢ相パルス信号の立ち上がりに同期して動作する。遅延時間は、速度センサ５２，５５のＢ相パルス信号の立ち上がりに生じ得る時間差に応じて定められる。判定部２３は、コンパレータを備え、コンパレータが複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向を比較する。判定部２３は、コンパレータの比較結果に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。詳細には、判定部２３は、電動機５１，５４の回転方向が一致しない場合に、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。 As shown in FIG. 11, the abnormality detection unit 15 includes a determination unit 23. Although not shown, a signal obtained by delaying the B-phase pulse signal of the speed sensor 52 is supplied to the determination unit 23, and the determination unit 23 operates in synchronization with the rise of the delayed B-phase pulse signal. The delay time is determined according to a time difference that may occur at the rising edge of the B phase pulse signal of the speed sensors 52 and 55. The determination unit 23 includes a comparator, and the comparator compares the rotation directions of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54. The determination unit 23 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the comparison result of the comparator. Specifically, the determination unit 23 determines that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 do not match, and has detected that the abnormality has been detected. Outputs the indicated value.
　図１１に示す異常検出部１５の回路は順次処理を行う訳ではないが、理解を容易にするため、図１２を用いて、電力変換装置３が行う異常検出処理の動作について説明する。回転方向検出部１２は、電動機５１，５４の回転方向を検出する（ステップＳ２１）。ステップＳ２１で検出した電動機５１，５４の回転方向が一致する場合（ステップＳ２２；Ｙ）、電力変換装置３は、ステップＳ２１の処理を繰り返す。一方、ステップＳ２１で検出した電動機５１，５４の回転方向が一致しない場合（ステップＳ２２；Ｎ）、判定部２３は、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する（ステップＳ２３）。ステップＳ２３の処理が終了すると、ステップＳ２１の処理に戻り、電力変換装置３は、上述の処理を繰り返し行う。 Although the circuit of the abnormality detection unit 15 shown in FIG. 11 does not sequentially perform processing, the operation of the abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 12 for easy understanding. The rotation direction detection part 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54 (step S21). When the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 detected in step S21 match (step S22; Y), the power conversion device 3 repeats the process of step S21. On the other hand, when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 detected in step S21 do not match (step S22; N), the determination unit 23 determines that at least one of the abnormality of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 has occurred. Then, a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected is output (step S23). When the process of step S23 ends, the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 3 repeatedly performs the above-described process.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置３によれば、電動機５１，５４の回転方向に基づき、速度センサ５２，５５からセンサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment, the electric motors 51 and 54 in a state where sensor signals are output from the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54, and It is possible to detect an abnormality in at least one of the speed sensors 52 and 55.
　（実施の形態４）
　本発明の実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４は、電力変換装置３と異なり、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。図１３に示すように、電力変換装置４は、実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置３が有する異常検出部１５に代えて、異常検出部１６を備える。異常検出部１６は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。詳細には、異常検出部１６は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化タイミングが一致するか否かに基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。上記構成により、電力変換装置４は、センサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 (Embodiment 4)
The power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention differs from the power conversion device 3 in that at least one of the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the change in the rotation direction of the plurality of motors 51 and 54. An abnormality is detected. As illustrated in FIG. 13, the power conversion device 4 includes an abnormality detection unit 16 instead of the abnormality detection unit 15 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment. The abnormality detection unit 16 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on a change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54. Specifically, the abnormality detection unit 16 detects at least one abnormality of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on whether or not the change timings of the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 match. To do. With the above configuration, the power conversion device 4 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 in a state where the sensor signal is output.
　回転方向検出部１２は、実施の形態３と同様に、電動機５１，５４の回転方向を検出する。電動機５１，５４に異常が生じていない場合は、電動機５１，５４の回転方向は、同じタイミングで変化する。換言すれば、同じタイミングで電動機５１，５４の回転方向が変化しない場合は、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じていると判定することができる。 The rotation direction detector 12 detects the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54 as in the third embodiment. When there is no abnormality in the electric motors 51 and 54, the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 change at the same timing. In other words, when the rotation directions of the electric motors 51 and 54 do not change at the same timing, it can be determined that at least one abnormality of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 has occurred.
　図１４に示すように、実施の形態４に係る異常検出部１６は、実施の形態１に係る異常検出部１３の構成に加え、ＸＯＲゲート２４および保持部２５をさらに備える。ＸＯＲゲート２４の構造および動作は、ＸＯＲゲート２１と同様である。保持部２５の構造および動作は、保持部２２と同様である。図示しないが、回転方向検出部１２から、速度センサ５５のＢ相パルス信号が保持部２５に供給され、保持部２５は、速度センサ５５のＢ相パルス信号の立ち上がりに同期して動作する。異常検出部１６の構成要素の詳細について説明する。保持部２２は、回転方向検出部１２から電動機５１の回転方向を示す値が入力されると、電動機５１の直前の回転方向を示す値をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力する。すなわち、ＸＯＲゲート２１の入力は、回転方向検出部１２が出力する電動機５１の回転方向を示す値、および、電動機５１の直前の回転方向を示す値である。したがって、電動機５１の回転方向が変化した場合は、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は１であり、電動機５１の回転方向が変化しない場合は、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力は０である。保持部２５は、回転方向検出部１２から電動機５４の回転方向を示す値が入力されると、電動機５４の直前の回転方向を示す値をＸＯＲゲート２４に出力する。すなわち、ＸＯＲゲート２４の入力は、回転方向検出部１２が出力する電動機５４の回転方向を示す値、および、電動機５４の直前の回転方向を示す値である。したがって、電動機５４の回転方向が変化した場合は、ＸＯＲゲート２４の出力は１であり、電動機５４の回転方向が変化しない場合は、ＸＯＲゲート２４の出力は０である。 As shown in FIG. 14, the abnormality detection unit 16 according to the fourth embodiment further includes an XOR gate 24 and a holding unit 25 in addition to the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 13 according to the first embodiment. The structure and operation of the XOR gate 24 are the same as those of the XOR gate 21. The structure and operation of the holding unit 25 are the same as those of the holding unit 22. Although not shown, the rotation direction detection unit 12 supplies the B phase pulse signal of the speed sensor 55 to the holding unit 25, and the holding unit 25 operates in synchronization with the rising of the B phase pulse signal of the speed sensor 55. Details of the components of the abnormality detection unit 16 will be described. When the value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 51 to the XOR gate 21. That is, the input of the XOR gate 21 is a value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 51. Therefore, when the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 1, and when the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 is not changed, the output of the XOR gate 21 is 0. When a value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 is input from the rotation direction detection unit 12, the holding unit 25 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 54 to the XOR gate 24. That is, the input of the XOR gate 24 is a value indicating the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 output by the rotation direction detection unit 12 and a value indicating the rotation direction immediately before the electric motor 54. Therefore, the output of the XOR gate 24 is 1 when the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 is changed, and the output of the XOR gate 24 is 0 when the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 is not changed.
　判定部２３は、コンパレータを備え、コンパレータが複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化の有無を比較する。判定部２３は、コンパレータの比較結果に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。詳細には、判定部２３は、同じタイミングで電動機５１，５４の回転方向が変化しない場合に、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。図１４の例では、判定部２３は、ＸＯＲゲート２１，２４の出力を比較し、ＸＯＲゲート２１，２４の出力が異なる場合に、異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。 The determination unit 23 includes a comparator, and the comparator compares the presence / absence of a change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54. The determination unit 23 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the comparison result of the comparator. Specifically, the determination unit 23 determines that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 when the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54 does not change at the same timing, and detects the abnormality. Outputs a value indicating that In the example of FIG. 14, the determination unit 23 compares the outputs of the XOR gates 21 and 24, determines that an abnormality has occurred when the outputs of the XOR gates 21 and 24 are different, and indicates a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected. Output.
　実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４が行う異常検出処理は、同じタイミングで複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向が変化しない場合に異常が生じたと判定する点において、実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置３が行う異常検出処理と異なる。図１４に示す異常検出部１６の回路は順次処理を行う訳ではないが、理解を容易にするため、図１５を用いて、電力変換装置４が行う異常検出処理の動作について説明する。図１５に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ２１，Ｓ２３の処理は、実施の形態３と同様である。ステップＳ２１の処理が終了すると、異常検出部１６は、回転方向の変化を検出する（ステップＳ２４）。同じタイミングで電動機５１，５４の回転方向が変化する場合（ステップＳ２５；Ｙ）、ステップＳ２１に戻り、電力変換装置４は、ステップＳ２１，Ｓ２４，Ｓ２５の処理を繰り返す。同じタイミングで電動機５１，５４の回転方向が変化しない場合は（ステップＳ２５；Ｎ）、ステップＳ２３の処理に進む。後述の処理は、実施の形態３と同様である。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment is the power according to the third embodiment in that it is determined that an abnormality has occurred when the rotation directions of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54 do not change at the same timing. This is different from the abnormality detection process performed by the conversion device 3. The circuit of the abnormality detection unit 16 illustrated in FIG. 14 does not sequentially perform processing. However, for easy understanding, the operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 4 will be described with reference to FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 15, the processing in steps S21 and S23 is the same as that in the third embodiment. When the process of step S21 ends, the abnormality detection unit 16 detects a change in the rotation direction (step S24). When the rotation directions of the motors 51 and 54 change at the same timing (step S25; Y), the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 4 repeats the processes of steps S21, S24, and S25. When the rotation direction of the motors 51 and 54 does not change at the same timing (step S25; N), the process proceeds to step S23. Processing described later is the same as that in the third embodiment.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４によれば、電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化に基づいて、速度センサ５２，５５からセンサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment, the electric motor 51 in a state where the sensor signals are output from the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the change in the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54. , 54 and at least one of the speed sensors 52, 55 can be detected.
　（実施の形態５）
　本発明の実施の形態５に係る電力変換装置４の構成は、実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４の構成と同じである。実施の形態５に係る電力変換装置４は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。 (Embodiment 5)
The configuration of power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention is the same as the configuration of power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 4. The power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment detects an abnormality in at least one of the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the plurality of motors 51 and 54.
　判定部２３は、２つのアキュムレータを備え、一方のアキュムレータがＸＯＲゲート２１の出力を積算し、他方のアキュムレータがＸＯＲゲート２４の出力を積算する。判定部２３は、定められた期間におけるＸＯＲゲート２１の出力の積算値および定められた期間におけるＸＯＲゲート２４の出力の積算値の少なくとも一方が閾値以上となれば、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。判定部２３において、異常の判定に用いる期間および閾値は、実施の形態１と同様に、電力変換装置４が搭載される機器の特性に応じて定めることができる。 The determination unit 23 includes two accumulators, and one accumulator integrates the output of the XOR gate 21 and the other accumulator integrates the output of the XOR gate 24. When at least one of the integrated value of the output of the XOR gate 21 in the predetermined period and the integrated value of the output of the XOR gate 24 in the predetermined period is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the determination unit 23 determines whether the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensor 52 are. , 55, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, and a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected is output. In the determination unit 23, the period and threshold value used for determination of abnormality can be determined according to the characteristics of the device on which the power conversion device 4 is mounted, as in the first embodiment.
　実施の形態５に係る電力変換装置４が行う異常検出処理は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、異常を検出する点において、実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４が行う異常検出処理と異なる。図１６に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ２１，Ｓ２３，Ｓ２４の処理は、実施の形態４と同様である。ステップＳ２４の処理が終了すると、異常検出部１６は、回転方向の変換の頻度を算出する（ステップＳ２６）。異常検出部１６は、電動機５１，５４のそれぞれの回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。詳細には、異常検出部１６が有する判定部２３は、定められた期間における電動機５１の回転方向の変化回数および電動機５４の回転方向の変化回数の少なくともいずれかが閾値以上であるか否かに基づいて、異常の有無を判定する（ステップＳ２７）。定められた期間における電動機５１，５４のそれぞれの回転方向の変化回数が閾値未満である、すなわち、異常が無い場合には（ステップＳ２７；Ｎ）、ステップＳ２１の処理に戻り、電力変換装置４は上述の処理を繰り返す。定められた期間における電動機５１，５４の少なくともいずれかの回転方向の変化回数が閾値以上である、すなわち、異常が有る場合には（ステップＳ２７；Ｙ）、ステップＳ２３の処理に進む。後述の処理は、実施の形態３，４と同様である。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment is that the abnormality is detected based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54, and thus the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment. This is different from the abnormality detection process performed by 4. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 16, the processes in steps S21, S23, and S24 are the same as those in the fourth embodiment. When the process of step S24 ends, the abnormality detection unit 16 calculates the frequency of rotation direction conversion (step S26). The abnormality detection unit 16 detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of each of the electric motors 51 and 54. Specifically, the determination unit 23 included in the abnormality detection unit 16 determines whether at least one of the number of changes in the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 and the number of changes in the rotation direction of the electric motor 54 in a predetermined period is greater than or equal to a threshold value. Based on this, it is determined whether there is an abnormality (step S27). When the number of changes in the rotation direction of each of the electric motors 51 and 54 in the predetermined period is less than the threshold value, that is, when there is no abnormality (step S27; N), the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 4 The above process is repeated. If the number of changes in the rotational direction of at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 in the determined period is equal to or greater than the threshold value, that is, if there is an abnormality (step S27; Y), the process proceeds to step S23. The processing described later is the same as in the third and fourth embodiments.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態５に係る電力変換装置４によれば、電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づき、速度センサ５２，５５からセンサ信号が出力されている状態での電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment, the electric motor in a state where sensor signals are output from the speed sensors 52 and 55 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the electric motors 51 and 54. It is possible to detect an abnormality in at least one of 51 and 54 and speed sensors 52 and 55.
　（実施の形態６）
　実施の形態６において、速度センサ５２，５５として、誘導型のＰＧが設けられる。そこで、図１７に示すように、本発明の実施の形態６に係る電力変換装置５は、実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置３の構成に加え、電動機５１，５４の回転速度を取得する速度取得部１４をさらに備える。速度取得部１４で取得した電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、異常検出部１５は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。速度取得部１４は、電動機５１に取り付けられた速度センサ５３が出力するセンサ信号から、電動機５１，５４の速度を取得する。上述のように、電動機５１，５４は、同方向に同速度で回転するため、速度取得部１４は、速度センサ５３が出力するセンサ信号から、電動機５１，５４の速度を取得することができる。閾値速度は、速度センサ５２，５５の特性に応じて定められ、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、回転方向検出部１２がセンサ信号を検出可能である。閾値速度は、例えば１ｒｐｍである。実施の形態２と同様に、センサ信号の立ち上がりを正確に検出可能な場合に、異常検出の処理を行うことで、異常検出の処理の精度を向上させることができる。 (Embodiment 6)
In the sixth embodiment, an inductive PG is provided as the speed sensors 52 and 55. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, the power conversion device 5 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is a speed for acquiring the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 in addition to the configuration of the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment. The acquisition unit 14 is further provided. When the rotation speeds of the motors 51 and 54 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the abnormality detection unit 15 determines the motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensor 52 based on the rotation directions of the plurality of motors 51 and 54. , 55 is detected. The speed acquisition unit 14 acquires the speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53 attached to the electric motor 51. As described above, since the motors 51 and 54 rotate at the same speed in the same direction, the speed acquisition unit 14 can acquire the speeds of the motors 51 and 54 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53. The threshold speed is determined according to the characteristics of the speed sensors 52 and 55, and the rotation direction detector 12 can detect the sensor signal when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. The threshold speed is 1 rpm, for example. As in the second embodiment, when the rising edge of the sensor signal can be detected accurately, the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
　図１８に示すように、実施の形態６に係る異常検出部１５の構成は、実施の形態３に係る異常検出部１５の構成と同様である。ただし、判定部２３には、速度取得部１４が取得した電動機５１，５４の回転速度が入力される。判定部２３は、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合は、実施の形態３と同様の動作を行う。判定部２３は、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合は、実施の形態３とは異なり、電動機５１，５４の回転方向に基づく異常検出の処理を行わない。 As shown in FIG. 18, the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 15 according to the sixth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 15 according to the third embodiment. However, the rotation speed of the electric motors 51 and 54 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the determination unit 23. Determination unit 23 performs the same operation as in the third embodiment when the rotation speeds of electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Unlike the third embodiment, the determination unit 23 does not perform abnormality detection processing based on the rotation direction of the motors 51 and 54 when the rotation speeds of the motors 51 and 54 are less than the threshold speed.
　実施の形態６に係る電力変換装置５が行う異常検出処理は、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に異常検出を行う点において、実施の形態３に係る電力変換装置３が行う異常検出処理と異なる。図１８に示す異常検出部１５の回路は順次処理を行う訳ではないが、理解を容易にするため、図１９を用いて、電力変換装置５が行う異常検出処理の動作について説明する。図１９に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ２１－Ｓ２３の処理は、実施の形態３と同様である。回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合（ステップＳ２８；Ｎ）、電力変換装置５は、ステップＳ２１の処理を繰り返し行う。一方、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合（ステップＳ２８；Ｙ）、ステップＳ２３の処理に進む。後述の処理は、実施の形態３と同様である。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 5 according to the sixth embodiment is performed by the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment in that abnormality detection is performed when the rotation speeds of the motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Different from the abnormality detection process to be performed. The circuit of the abnormality detection unit 15 illustrated in FIG. 18 does not sequentially perform processing. However, for easy understanding, an operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 5 will be described with reference to FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 19, the processes in steps S21 to S23 are the same as those in the third embodiment. When the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S28; N), the power conversion device 5 repeatedly performs the process of step S21. On the other hand, when the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S28; Y), the process proceeds to step S23. Processing described later is the same as that in the third embodiment.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態６に係る電力変換装置５によれば、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、電動機５１，５４の回転方向に基づき、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することで、異常検出の精度を向上させることが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 5 according to the sixth embodiment, when the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the electric motors 51 and 54 and the electric motors 51 and 54 and By detecting an abnormality in at least one of the speed sensors 52 and 55, it is possible to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
　（実施の形態７）
　本発明の実施の形態７に係る電力変換装置６は、図２０に示すように、実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４の構成に加え、電動機５１，５４の回転速度を取得する速度取得部１４をさらに備える。速度取得部１４の構造および動作は、実施の形態６に係る電力変換装置５が有する速度取得部１４と同様である。速度取得部１４で取得した電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、異常検出部１６は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。実施の形態２，６と同様に、センサ信号の立ち上がりを正確に検出可能な場合に、異常検出の処理を行うことで、異常検出の処理の精度を向上させることができる。 (Embodiment 7)
As shown in FIG. 20, the power conversion device 6 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention has a speed acquisition unit that acquires the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 in addition to the configuration of the power conversion device 4 according to Embodiment 4. 14 is further provided. The structure and operation of the speed acquisition unit 14 are the same as those of the speed acquisition unit 14 included in the power conversion device 5 according to the sixth embodiment. When the rotation speeds of the motors 51 and 54 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the abnormality detection unit 16 determines whether the motors 51 and 54 and the speeds are based on the change in the rotation direction of the plurality of motors 51 and 54. An abnormality in at least one of the sensors 52 and 55 is detected. As in the second and sixth embodiments, when the rising edge of the sensor signal can be detected accurately, the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
　図２１に示すように、実施の形態７に係る異常検出部１６の構成は、実施の形態４に係る異常検出部１６の構成と同様である。ただし、保持部２２には、速度取得部１４が取得した電動機５１の回転速度が入力され、保持部２５には、速度取得部１４が取得した電動機５４の回転速度が入力される。保持部２２は、電動機５１の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合は、実施の形態４と同様の動作を行う。一方、電動機５１の回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合は、保持部２２は、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値をＸＯＲゲート２１に出力し、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値で、記憶されている回転方向を示す値を更新する。保持部２５は、電動機５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合は、実施の形態４と同様の動作を行う。一方、電動機５４の回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合は、保持部２５は、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値をＸＯＲゲート２４に出力し、回転方向検出部１２から入力された回転方向を示す値で、記憶されている回転方向を示す値を更新する。 21, the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 16 according to the seventh embodiment is the same as the configuration of the abnormality detection unit 16 according to the fourth embodiment. However, the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the holding unit 22, and the rotation speed of the electric motor 54 acquired by the speed acquisition unit 14 is input to the holding unit 25. The holding unit 22 performs the same operation as in the fourth embodiment when the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 is less than the threshold speed, the holding unit 22 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the XOR gate 21 and inputs from the rotation direction detection unit 12. The stored value indicating the rotation direction is updated with the value indicating the rotation direction. Holding unit 25 performs the same operation as in the fourth embodiment when the rotation speed of electric motor 54 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the electric motor 54 is less than the threshold speed, the holding unit 25 outputs a value indicating the rotation direction input from the rotation direction detection unit 12 to the XOR gate 24 and inputs from the rotation direction detection unit 12. The stored value indicating the rotation direction is updated with the value indicating the rotation direction.
　実施の形態７に係る電力変換装置６が行う異常検出処理は、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に異常検出を行う点において、実施の形態４に係る電力変換装置４が行う異常検出処理と異なる。図２１に示す異常検出部１６の回路は順次処理を行う訳ではないが、理解を容易にするため、図２２を用いて、電力変換装置６が行う異常検出処理の動作について説明する。図２２に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ２１，Ｓ２３，Ｓ２４，Ｓ２５の処理は、実施の形態４と同様である。回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合（ステップＳ２９；Ｎ）、ステップＳ２１に戻り、電力変換装置６は、ステップＳ２１の処理を繰り返す。一方、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合（ステップＳ２９；Ｙ）、ステップＳ２４の処理に進む。後続の処理は、実施の形態４と同様である。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 6 according to the seventh embodiment is performed by the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment in that abnormality detection is performed when the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Different from the abnormality detection process to be performed. The circuit of the abnormality detection unit 16 illustrated in FIG. 21 does not sequentially perform processing. However, for easy understanding, the operation of abnormality detection processing performed by the power conversion device 6 will be described with reference to FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 22, the processes in steps S21, S23, S24, and S25 are the same as those in the fourth embodiment. When the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S29; N), the process returns to step S21, and the power conversion device 6 repeats the process of step S21. On the other hand, when the rotational speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S29; Y), the process proceeds to step S24. Subsequent processing is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態７に係る電力変換装置６によれば、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化に基づき、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することで、異常検出の精度を向上させることが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 6 according to the seventh embodiment, when the rotational speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the electric motors 51 and 54 are based on the change in the rotational direction of the electric motors 51 and 54. By detecting an abnormality in at least one of 54 and speed sensors 52 and 55, it is possible to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
　（実施の形態８）
　本発明の実施の形態８に係る電力変換装置６の構成は、実施の形態７に係る電力変換装置６の構成と同じである。実施の形態８に係る電力変換装置６は、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、複数の電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する。実施の形態２，６，７と同様に、センサ信号の立ち上がりを正確に検出可能な場合に、異常検出の処理を行うことで、異常検出の処理の精度を向上させることができる。 (Embodiment 8)
The configuration of power conversion device 6 according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention is the same as the configuration of power conversion device 6 according to Embodiment 7. The power conversion device 6 according to the eighth embodiment is configured such that when the rotational speeds of the plurality of electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the electric motors 51 and 54 are 54 and at least one of the speed sensors 52 and 55 is detected. As in the second, sixth, and seventh embodiments, when the rising edge of the sensor signal can be accurately detected, the abnormality detection process can be performed to improve the accuracy of the abnormality detection process.
　判定部２３の動作は、実施の形態５と同様である。詳細には、判定部２３は、定められた期間においてＸＯＲゲート２１の出力を積算する。また判定部２３は、定められた期間においてＸＯＲゲート２４の出力を積算する。判定部２３は、ＸＯＲゲート２１の出力の積算値およびＸＯＲゲート２４の出力の積算値の少なくとも一方が閾値以上となれば、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常が生じたと判定し、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。 The operation of the determination unit 23 is the same as that of the fifth embodiment. Specifically, the determination unit 23 integrates the outputs of the XOR gate 21 during a predetermined period. Further, the determination unit 23 integrates the outputs of the XOR gate 24 during a predetermined period. If at least one of the integrated value of the output of the XOR gate 21 and the integrated value of the output of the XOR gate 24 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the determination unit 23 causes an abnormality in at least one of the electric motors 51 and 54 and the speed sensors 52 and 55. A value indicating that an abnormality has been detected is output.
　実施の形態８に係る電力変換装置６が行う異常検出処理は、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に異常検出を行う点において、実施の形態５に係る電力変換装置４が行う異常検出処理と異なる。図２３に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ２１，Ｓ２３，Ｓ２４，Ｓ２６，Ｓ２７の処理は、実施の形態５と同様である。回転速度が閾値速度未満である場合（ステップＳ２９；Ｎ）、電力変換装置６は、ステップＳ２１の処理を繰り返す。一方、回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合（ステップＳ２９；Ｙ）、ステップＳ２４の処理に進む。後続の処理は、実施の形態５と同様である。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 6 according to the eighth embodiment is that the power conversion device 4 according to the fifth embodiment performs abnormality detection when the rotation speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 are equal to or higher than the threshold speed. Different from the abnormality detection process to be performed. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 23, the processes in steps S21, S23, S24, S26, and S27 are the same as those in the fifth embodiment. When the rotation speed is less than the threshold speed (step S29; N), the power conversion device 6 repeats the process of step S21. On the other hand, when the rotational speed is equal to or higher than the threshold speed (step S29; Y), the process proceeds to step S24. Subsequent processing is the same as in the fifth embodiment.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態８に係る電力変換装置６によれば、電動機５１，５４の回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、電動機５１，５４の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づき、電動機５１，５４および速度センサ５２，５５の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することで、異常検出の精度を向上させることが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 6 according to the eighth embodiment, when the rotation speed of the motors 51 and 54 is equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the electric motor is based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the motors 51 and 54. By detecting an abnormality in at least one of 51 and 54 and speed sensors 52 and 55, it is possible to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
　（実施の形態９）
　上述した電力変換装置１－６は、異常を検出した場合に電力変換部１１の動作を停止してもよい。電力変換装置１に、異常を検出した場合に電力変換部１１の動作を停止する機能をもたせた構成を例にして説明する。図２４に示すように、本発明の実施の形態９に係る電力変換装置７は、実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置１の構成に加え、異常検出部１３で異常を検出した場合に、電力変換部１１を停止する停止制御部１７をさらに備える。 (Embodiment 9)
The power conversion device 1-6 described above may stop the operation of the power conversion unit 11 when an abnormality is detected. A description will be given of a configuration in which the power conversion device 1 has a function of stopping the operation of the power conversion unit 11 when an abnormality is detected. As shown in FIG. 24, the power conversion device 7 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention is configured so that, in addition to the configuration of the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment, the abnormality detection unit 13 detects an abnormality. A stop control unit 17 that stops the conversion unit 11 is further provided.
　異常検出部１５は、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出すると、異常を検出したことを示す値を停止制御部１７に出力する。停止制御部１７は、異常を検出したことを示す値が入力されると、電力変換部１１が有するスイッチング素子に対し、スイッチング素子を開放する制御信号を出力する。スイッチング素子が開放されることで、電力変換部１１の動作が停止する。 When detecting an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52, the abnormality detection unit 15 outputs a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected to the stop control unit 17. When a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected is input, the stop control unit 17 outputs a control signal for opening the switching element to the switching element included in the power conversion unit 11. The operation of the power converter 11 is stopped by opening the switching element.
　実施の形態９に係る電力変換装置７が行う異常検出の処理は、異常を検出した場合に、電力変換部１１を停止する点で、実施の形態１に係る電力変換装置１が行う異常検出の処理と異なる。図２５に示すフローチャートにおいて、ステップＳ１１－Ｓ１５の処理は、実施の形態１と同様である。ステップＳ１５において、異常検出部１３が異常を検出したことを示す値を出力すると、停止制御部１７は、電力変換部１１の動作を停止させる（ステップＳ１７）。ステップＳ１７の処理が終了すると、電力変換装置７は、異常検出の処理を終了する。 The abnormality detection process performed by the power conversion device 7 according to the ninth embodiment is the abnormality detection performed by the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment in that the power conversion unit 11 is stopped when an abnormality is detected. Different from processing. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 25, the processing in steps S11 to S15 is the same as that in the first embodiment. In step S15, when the abnormality detection unit 13 outputs a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected, the stop control unit 17 stops the operation of the power conversion unit 11 (step S17). When the process of step S17 ends, the power conversion device 7 ends the abnormality detection process.
　以上説明したとおり、実施の形態９に係る電力変換装置７によれば、異常を検出した場合に、電力変換部１１の動作を停止することで、電力変換装置７の安全性を向上させることが可能である。 As described above, according to the power conversion device 7 according to the ninth embodiment, the safety of the power conversion device 7 can be improved by stopping the operation of the power conversion unit 11 when an abnormality is detected. Is possible.
　本発明の実施の形態は上述の実施の形態に限られない。速度センサ５２，５５は、３つ以上のセンサ信号を出力してもよい。センサ信号の波形の崩れ方は、図６の例に限られない。例えば、電動機５１の回転軸が破損することで、Ａ相パルス信号およびＢ相パルス信号の波形がともに崩れ、回転方向検出部１２が検出する回転方向が頻繁に変化することがある。この場合でも、異常検出部１３は、回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、電動機５１および速度センサ５２の少なくともいずれかの異常を検出することができる。速度取得部１４は、例えば、ＡＴＣ（Automatic Train Control：自動列車制御装置）から電動機５１，５４の回転速度を取得してもよい。また速度センサ５３は電動機５４に取り付けられ、速度取得部１４は、速度センサ５３が出力するセンサ信号から、電動機５１，５４の回転速度を取得してもよい。電力変換装置３－６は、３つ以上の電動機に電力を供給してもよい。異常検出部１３，１５，１６は、異常を検出した場合、異常を検出したことを示す値を、例えばＴＩＭＳ（Train Information Management System：列車情報管理システム）に出力する。 The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The speed sensors 52 and 55 may output three or more sensor signals. The way in which the waveform of the sensor signal collapses is not limited to the example in FIG. For example, when the rotating shaft of the electric motor 51 is damaged, the waveforms of the A-phase pulse signal and the B-phase pulse signal may both collapse, and the rotation direction detected by the rotation direction detection unit 12 may change frequently. Even in this case, the abnormality detection unit 13 can detect an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor 51 and the speed sensor 52 based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction. The speed acquisition unit 14 may acquire the rotational speeds of the electric motors 51 and 54 from, for example, ATC (Automatic Train Control). The speed sensor 53 may be attached to the electric motor 54, and the speed acquisition unit 14 may acquire the rotation speed of the electric motors 51 and 54 from the sensor signal output from the speed sensor 53. The power conversion device 3-6 may supply power to three or more electric motors. When detecting an abnormality, the abnormality detection units 13, 15, and 16 output a value indicating that the abnormality has been detected to, for example, TIMS (Train Information Management System).
　判定部２３は、異常を検出するたびに、上述の定められた期間を短くしてもよい。例えば、判定部２３は、定められた期間を１分とし、閾値を５とする。判定部２３は、１分間で、電動機５１の回転方向が５回以上変化したことを検出すると、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。その後、判定部２３は、定められた期間を３０秒にし、閾値を３とする。判定部２３は、３０秒で、電動機５１の回転方向が３回以上変化したことを検出すると、異常を検出したことを示す値を出力する。例えば、異常を検出したことを示す値を取得したＴＩＭＳが、１回目の異常を検出したことを示す値を取得した場合は、警告を運転台に表示し、２回目の異常を検出したことを示す値を取得した場合は、電力変換部１１を停止させてもよい。 The determination unit 23 may shorten the above-defined period each time an abnormality is detected. For example, the determination unit 23 sets the determined period to 1 minute and sets the threshold value to 5. When the determination unit 23 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 has changed five times or more in one minute, the determination unit 23 outputs a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected. Thereafter, the determination unit 23 sets the predetermined period to 30 seconds and sets the threshold value to 3. When the determination unit 23 detects that the rotation direction of the electric motor 51 has changed three or more times in 30 seconds, the determination unit 23 outputs a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected. For example, if the TIMS that has acquired a value indicating that an abnormality has been detected acquires a value that indicates that the first abnormality has been detected, a warning is displayed on the cab and a second abnormality has been detected. When the value shown is acquired, the power conversion unit 11 may be stopped.
　本発明は、本発明の広義の精神と範囲を逸脱することなく、様々な実施の形態及び変形が可能とされるものである。また、上述した実施の形態は、この発明を説明するためのものであり、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。すなわち、本発明の範囲は、実施の形態ではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示される。そして、特許請求の範囲内及びそれと同等の発明の意義の範囲内で施される様々な変形が、この発明の範囲内とみなされる。 The present invention is capable of various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. The above-described embodiments are for explaining the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
　１，２，３，４，５，６，７　電力変換装置、１１　電力変換部、１２　回転方向検出部、１３，１５，１６　異常検出部、１４　速度取得部、１７　停止制御部、２１，２４　ＸＯＲゲート、２２，２５　保持部、２３　判定部、５１，５４　電動機、５２，５３，５５　速度センサ。 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Power conversion device, 11 Power conversion unit, 12 Rotation direction detection unit, 13, 15, 16 Abnormality detection unit, 14 Speed acquisition unit, 17 Stop control unit, 21, 24 XOR gate, 22, 25 holding unit, 23 determination unit, 51, 54 motor, 52, 53, 55 speed sensor.

Claims (11)

  1. 　電動機に電力を供給する電力変換装置であって、
    　前記電動機に取り付けられた速度センサが出力するセンサ信号に基づき、前記電動機の回転方向を検出する回転方向検出部と、
    　前記回転方向の変化を検出し、前記回転方向の変化の頻度を算出し、前記回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、前記電動機および前記速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する異常検出部と、
    　を備える電力変換装置。     A power converter for supplying electric power to an electric motor,
    Based on a sensor signal output from a speed sensor attached to the motor, a rotation direction detection unit that detects a rotation direction of the motor;
    An abnormality detection unit that detects a change in the rotation direction, calculates a frequency of the rotation direction change, and detects an abnormality in at least one of the electric motor and the speed sensor based on the frequency of the rotation direction change; ,
    A power conversion device comprising:
  2. 　前記センサ信号の大きさは、前記電動機の回転速度に応じて変化し、
    　前記回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、前記センサ信号が検出可能であり、
    　前記回転速度を取得する速度取得部をさらに備え、
    　前記速度取得部が取得した前記回転速度が前記閾値速度以上である場合に、前記異常検出部は、前記回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、前記異常を検出する、
    　請求項１に記載の電力変換装置。     The magnitude of the sensor signal changes according to the rotational speed of the electric motor,
    The sensor signal is detectable when the rotational speed is greater than or equal to a threshold speed;
    A speed acquisition unit for acquiring the rotation speed;
    When the rotation speed acquired by the speed acquisition unit is equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction.
    The power conversion device according to claim 1.
  3. 　入力された電力を変換し、変換した電力を前記電動機に供給する電力変換部と、
    　前記異常検出部が前記異常を検出した場合、前記電力変換部を停止させる停止制御部と、をさらに備える、
    　請求項１または２に記載の電力変換装置。     A power converter that converts input power and supplies the converted power to the motor;
    A stop control unit that stops the power conversion unit when the abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality;
    The power converter according to claim 1 or 2.
  4. 　複数の電動機に電力を供給する電力変換装置であって、
    　前記複数の電動機に取り付けられた複数の速度センサのそれぞれが出力するセンサ信号に基づき、前記複数の電動機の回転方向を検出する回転方向検出部と、
    　前記複数の電動機の回転方向に基づいて、前記複数の電動機および前記複数の速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する異常検出部と、
    　を備える電力変換装置。     A power converter that supplies power to a plurality of electric motors,
    Based on sensor signals output from each of a plurality of speed sensors attached to the plurality of motors, a rotation direction detection unit that detects a rotation direction of the plurality of motors;
    An abnormality detection unit that detects an abnormality of at least one of the plurality of electric motors and the plurality of speed sensors based on a rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors;
    A power conversion device comprising:
  5. 　前記センサ信号の大きさは、前記電動機の回転速度に応じて変化し、
    　前記回転速度が閾値速度以上である場合に、前記センサ信号が検出可能であり、
    　前記複数の電動機のそれぞれの前記回転速度を取得する速度取得部をさらに備え、
    　前記速度取得部が取得した前記複数の電動機のそれぞれの前記回転速度が前記閾値速度以上である場合に、前記異常検出部は、前記複数の電動機の回転方向に基づいて、前記異常を検出する、
    　請求項４に記載の電力変換装置。     The magnitude of the sensor signal changes according to the rotational speed of the electric motor,
    The sensor signal is detectable when the rotational speed is greater than or equal to a threshold speed;
    A speed acquisition unit that acquires the rotation speed of each of the plurality of electric motors;
    When the rotation speed of each of the plurality of electric motors acquired by the speed acquisition unit is equal to or higher than the threshold speed, the abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality based on a rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors;
    The power conversion device according to claim 4.
  6. 　前記異常検出部は、前記複数の電動機の回転方向が一致するか否かに基づき、前記異常を検出する、
    　請求項４または５に記載の電力変換装置。     The abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality based on whether or not the rotation directions of the plurality of electric motors match.
    The power conversion device according to claim 4 or 5.
  7. 　前記異常検出部は、同じタイミングで前記複数の電動機の回転方向が変化するか否かに基づき、前記異常を検出する、
    　請求項４から６のいずれか１項に記載の電力変換装置。     The abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality based on whether or not the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors changes at the same timing.
    The power converter according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
  8. 　前記異常検出部は、前記複数の電動機の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、前記異常を検出する、
    　請求項４から７のいずれか１項に記載の電力変換装置。     The abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors.
    The power converter according to any one of claims 4 to 7.
  9. 　入力された電力を変換し、変換した電力を前記複数の電動機に供給する電力変換部と、
    　前記異常検出部が前記異常を検出した場合、前記電力変換部を停止させる停止制御部と、をさらに備える、
    　請求項４から８のいずれか１項に記載の電力変換装置。     A power converter that converts input power and supplies the converted power to the plurality of electric motors;
    A stop control unit that stops the power conversion unit when the abnormality detection unit detects the abnormality;
    The power converter according to any one of claims 4 to 8.
  10. 　電動機の回転方向の変化の頻度に基づいて、前記電動機および前記電動機に取り付けられた速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する、
    　異常検出方法。     Detecting an abnormality of at least one of the electric motor and a speed sensor attached to the electric motor based on the frequency of change in the rotation direction of the electric motor;
    Anomaly detection method.
  11. 　複数の電動機の回転方向に基づいて、前記複数の電動機および前記複数の電動機に取り付けられた複数の速度センサの少なくともいずれかの異常を検出する、
    　異常検出方法。     Detecting an abnormality of at least one of the plurality of electric motors and a plurality of speed sensors attached to the plurality of electric motors based on a rotation direction of the plurality of electric motors;
    Anomaly detection method.
PCT/JP2018/004027 2018-02-06 2018-02-06 Power conversion device and abnormality detection method WO2019155524A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10271601A (en) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-09 Toshiba Corp Device for controlling electric car
JP2002089133A (en) * 2000-09-18 2002-03-27 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Opening and closing controller for lining member for opening
JP2009024548A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Internal combustion engine control device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10271601A (en) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-09 Toshiba Corp Device for controlling electric car
JP2002089133A (en) * 2000-09-18 2002-03-27 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Opening and closing controller for lining member for opening
JP2009024548A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Internal combustion engine control device

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