WO2019153756A1 - 一种多接入点ap协调传输的方法以及相关装置 - Google Patents

一种多接入点ap协调传输的方法以及相关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019153756A1
WO2019153756A1 PCT/CN2018/107386 CN2018107386W WO2019153756A1 WO 2019153756 A1 WO2019153756 A1 WO 2019153756A1 CN 2018107386 W CN2018107386 W CN 2018107386W WO 2019153756 A1 WO2019153756 A1 WO 2019153756A1
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Prior art keywords
radio frame
access point
frame
transmission
information
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PCT/CN2018/107386
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭宇宸
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP18905066.9A priority Critical patent/EP3742824A4/en
Priority to KR1020207025616A priority patent/KR102388218B1/ko
Priority to JP2020542749A priority patent/JP7386794B2/ja
Publication of WO2019153756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019153756A1/zh
Priority to US16/988,162 priority patent/US11647522B2/en
Priority to JP2022143955A priority patent/JP7443444B2/ja
Priority to US18/190,658 priority patent/US12004196B2/en
Priority to JP2024024589A priority patent/JP2024069246A/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/27—Control channels or signalling for resource management between access points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/42—TPC being performed in particular situations in systems with time, space, frequency or polarisation diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/20—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between access points

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and a related apparatus for coordinated transmission of multiple access point APs.
  • WLAN devices are becoming more and more dense.
  • APs wireless access points
  • increasingly dense APs also bring more inter-cell interference. How to reduce inter-cell interference and improve user service quality through cooperation between APs has become a problem that needs to be considered in next-generation WiFi technology.
  • Co-BF Coordinated beamforming
  • the co-BF technique can maintain a low correlation between the effective channels, for example, as shown in FIG. 1a, which is a schematic diagram of an exemplary co-BF technology in the prior art, in which AP1 and the station (station, STA) 1 association, AP2 is associated with STA2.
  • AP1 needs to obtain channel state information (CSI) of the downlink channel between AP1 and STA1, and then perform joint beamforming according to CSI, so that the beam is directed to STA1. Avoid the direction of STA2, so as to avoid interference with STA2.
  • CSI channel state information
  • AP2 is the same. Therefore, in the scenario of co-BF, not only the concurrent transmission of two APs but also the interference between the two transmissions can be avoided, and the overall throughput of the network can be effectively improved.
  • the acquisition process of the CSI is complicated, and at the same time, it occupies a certain channel resource.
  • the CSI feedback is a small overhead.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-access point AP coordinated transmission method and a related device, which are used to solve the problem of occupying more channel resources caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides a method for coordinating transmission of a multiple access point AP, including: a first access point AP generates a first radio frame, where the first radio frame includes indication information, and the indication information And indicating a transmission duration of the second radio frame sent by the second access point AP. After the first access point AP generates the first radio frame, the first radio frame is sent to the second access point AP; and the first access point AP is in the sending period of the second radio frame. The first station STA associated with the first access point AP transmits a third radio frame.
  • the first access point AP sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, so that the at least one second access point AP can simultaneously send the transmission duration to the second station STA according to the first radio frame.
  • the same second radio frame realizes synchronization of multiple access point APs by transmitting control information, which solves the problem of occupying more channel resources caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art.
  • the indication information includes a sending time and an ending time of the second radio frame.
  • the first access point AP indicates the sending time and the ending time of the second radio frame to the second access point AP, so that the second access point AP can determine the transmission duration of the second radio frame by using the indication.
  • the sending time of the third radio frame is the same as the sending time of the second radio frame.
  • the third radio frame and the second radio frame have the same transmission time, and the interference between the first access point AP and the second access point AP is reduced.
  • the sending time of the third radio frame is before the sending time of the second radio frame.
  • the sending time of the third radio frame may be earlier than the sending time of the second radio frame, and the first station STA and the second station STA may end in the second radio frame and the third radio frame.
  • the first station STA retransmits the acknowledgement frame in response to the third radio frame
  • the second station STA retransmits the acknowledgement frame in response to the second radio frame.
  • the interference value between the first AP and the second AP is reduced when one access point AP is transmitting and the other access point AP is receiving.
  • the indication information includes identifier information of the second access point AP.
  • the first radio frame may further include the identifier information of the second access point AP, so that the multiple second APs determine whether to participate in the coordinated transmission with the first access point AP according to the identifier information.
  • the first radio frame further carries one or more of the following: transmit power information of the second access point AP; a maximum interference threshold that the first access point AP can tolerate Information; identification information of the first station STA; transmission power information of the first station STA; transmission power information of the first access point AP.
  • the first radio frame may further carry other multiple indication information, and the function of multi-AP joint resource management is added.
  • the second access point AP controls the transmit power of the second station STA by using the maximum access threshold information that the first access point AP can tolerate to the second access point AP, so as to prevent the second station STA from accessing the first access
  • the interference value of the point AP exceeds the maximum interference threshold information that the first access point AP can tolerate.
  • the second access point AP can predict the interference value of the first station STA to the second access point AP by indicating the identifier information of the first station STA and the sending power information of the first station STA to the second access point AP.
  • the interference of the first station STA to the second access point AP can be effectively controlled.
  • the transmission duration of the third radio frame is the same as the transmission duration of the second radio frame.
  • the first access point AP configures the transmission duration of the second radio frame to be the same as the transmission duration of the third radio frame, so that the end time of the second radio frame may be aligned with the end time of the third radio frame. The interference between the first access point AP and the second access point AP is reduced.
  • the method before the first access point AP sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, the method further includes: the first access point AP determining the second access point AP; An access point AP allocates resource scheduling information to the second access point AP, where the resource scheduling information is used to indicate that the second access point AP sends the channel resource used by the second radio frame.
  • the first access point AP allocates, by the second access point AP, the channel resource used by the second access point AP to send the second radio frame, and adds the second access point AP to send the second radio frame. effectiveness.
  • the method before the first access point AP sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, the method further includes: the first access point AP successfully contending to the channel to transmit the first wireless Or the first access point AP receives the request frame sent by the access point AP that successfully contends to the channel, and the request frame is used to request the first access point AP to use the channel to send the first radio frame.
  • the first access point AP may contend for the channel to transmit the first radio frame, or may use the channel that the other AP contends to transmit the first radio frame, and increase the first access point AP to transmit the first radio frame. Frame flexibility.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a method for coordinating transmission of a multiple access point AP, including: receiving, by a second access point AP, a first radio frame sent by a first access point AP, where the first wireless The frame includes indication information indicating a transmission duration of the second radio frame; after receiving the first radio frame, sending, by the first access point AP, the first station STA associated with the first access point AP During the transmission period of the three radio frames, the second access point AP transmits a second radio frame to the second station STA associated with the second access point AP.
  • the second access point AP receives the first radio frame sent by the first access point AP, so that the at least one second access point AP can send the transmission to the second station STA according to the first radio frame.
  • the second radio frame with the same duration is used to synchronize the multiple APs by sending the control information, which solves the problem of occupying more channel resources caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art.
  • the indication information includes a sending time and an ending time of the second radio frame.
  • the first access point AP indicates, by using the first radio frame, the sending time and the ending time of the second radio frame to the second access point AP, so that the second access point AP can determine the second wireless by using the indication.
  • the transmission duration of the frame includes a sending time and an ending time of the second radio frame.
  • the sending time of the second radio frame is the same as the sending time of the third radio frame, where the third radio frame is the first access point AP in the second radio frame.
  • the first station STA associated with the first access point AP is sent, and the transmission duration of the third radio frame is the same as the transmission duration of the second radio frame.
  • the transmission time of the third radio frame and the second radio frame is the same, and the interference between the first access point AP and the second access point AP is reduced.
  • the sending time of the second radio frame is before the sending time of the third radio frame.
  • the sending time of the second radio frame may be earlier than the sending time of the third radio frame, and the first station STA and the second station STA may end in the second radio frame and the third radio frame.
  • the first station STA retransmits the acknowledgement frame in response to the third radio frame
  • the second station STA retransmits the acknowledgement frame in response to the second radio frame.
  • the interference value between the first AP and the second AP is reduced when one access point AP is transmitting and the other access point AP is receiving.
  • the indication information includes identifier information of the second access point AP.
  • the first radio frame may further include the identifier information of the second access point AP, so that the multiple second APs determine whether to participate in the coordinated transmission with the first access point AP according to the identifier information.
  • the first radio frame further carries one or more of the following: transmit power information of the second access point AP; a maximum interference threshold that the first access point AP can tolerate Information; identification information of the first station STA; transmission power information of the first station STA; transmission power information of the first access point AP.
  • the first radio frame may further carry other multiple indication information, and the function of multi-AP joint resource management is added.
  • the second access point AP controls the transmit power of the second station STA by using the maximum access threshold information that the first access point AP can tolerate to the second access point AP, so as to prevent the second station STA from accessing the first access
  • the interference value of the point AP exceeds the maximum interference threshold information that the first access point AP can tolerate.
  • the second access point AP can predict the interference value of the first station STA to the second access point AP by indicating the identifier information of the first station STA and the sending power information of the first station STA to the second access point AP.
  • the interference of the first station STA to the second access point AP can be effectively controlled.
  • the transmission duration of the second radio frame is the same as the transmission duration of the third radio frame.
  • the first access point AP configures the transmission duration of the second radio frame to be the same as the transmission duration of the third radio frame, so that the end time of the second radio frame may be aligned with the end time of the third radio frame. The interference between the first access point AP and the second access point AP is reduced.
  • the method before the second access point AP receives the first radio frame sent by the first access point AP, the method further includes: when the second access point AP successfully contends to the channel, the second The access point AP sends a request frame to the first access point AP, where the request frame is used to request the first access point AP to use the channel to send the first radio frame.
  • a manner in which the first access point AP accesses the channel is provided, so that the first access point AP can transmit the first radio frame according to the channel that the second access point AP contends.
  • the indication information further includes resource scheduling information, where the resource scheduling information is used to indicate that the second access point AP sends the channel resource used by the second radio frame.
  • the first access point AP allocates the channel resource used by the second access point AP to send the second radio frame, and increases the efficiency of the second access point AP to send the second radio frame.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a method for coordinated transmission of multiple access point APs, including: a first access point AP generates a first radio frame. After the first radio frame is generated, the first access point AP sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, where the first radio frame is used to trigger the second access point AP to access the second access point.
  • the second station STA associated with the AP sends a second radio frame, where the first radio frame includes first indication information, so that the second access point AP determines the transmission of the second radio frame according to the first indication information. End Time.
  • the first access point AP sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP
  • the second access point AP is triggered to send the second radio frame to the second station STA
  • the second access point AP The transmission end time of the second radio frame may be determined according to the first indication information in the first radio frame, so that multiple second access point APs may end the transmission at the same time, that is, one AP does not send, another AP In the case of reception, interference between APs and between STAs is reduced.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides a method for coordinating transmission of a multiple access point AP, including: receiving, by a second access point AP, a first radio frame sent by a first access point AP, where the first radio frame carries Determining, by the second access point AP, the transmission end time of the second radio frame according to the first indication information; the second station STA that the second access point AP associates with the second access point AP Sending the second radio frame.
  • the second access point AP receives the first radio frame sent by the first access point AP, and determines the transmission end time of the second radio frame according to the first indication information in the first radio frame, which can be implemented.
  • the multiple second access point APs end the transmission at the same time, that is, there is no case where one AP is transmitting and another AP is receiving, which reduces interference between the APs and between the STAs.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate a transmission end time of the first radio frame or a transmission duration of the first radio frame, and a transmission end time of the first radio frame and the second wireless The transmission end time of the frame is the same. Determining, by the second access point AP, the transmission end time of the second radio frame according to the first indication information, the determining, by the second access point AP, the transmission end time of the first radio frame as the second radio frame The transmission end time; or the second access point AP determines the transmission end time of the first radio frame according to the transmission duration of the first radio frame and the transmission start time of the first radio frame, and the transmission of the first radio frame The end time is equal to the transmission end time of the second radio frame.
  • the access point AP when the second access point AP sends the second radio frame with the same transmission end time as the first access point AP sends the first radio frame, the access point does not appear to be sent by the access point.
  • an access point correspondingly, there is no case where one station is receiving data, and another station is transmitting an acknowledgment frame, which can avoid interference between access points and interference between stations.
  • a fifth aspect of the present application provides a channel information prediction method, including: a first station STA receives a broadcast frame from a first access point AP, where the broadcast frame includes identification information of a second access point AP, and The broadcast frame is used to trigger detection by the first station STA of a channel between the second access point AP and the first station STA.
  • the first station STA is associated with the first access point AP.
  • the first station STA determines the channel quality information of the target channel according to the received radio frame sent by the target AP, where the target channel is a channel between the target AP and the first station STA, and the target AP is included in the second access Point AP; the first station STA sends a feedback frame to the first access point AP, where the feedback frame includes channel quality information of the target channel.
  • the channel quality information of the target channel that is fed back by the first station STA enables the first access point AP to select a suitable MCS when scheduling the first station STA to achieve the transmission rate and the packet loss rate. Balance.
  • the broadcast frame may further include sequence indication information, where the sequence indication information is used to indicate that the second access point AP sequentially broadcasts a zero data message NDP.
  • the first access point AP may instruct the second access point AP to sequentially send the NDP, so that the first station STA measures the channel information according to the NDP sequentially sent by the multiple second access point APs, and is relative to the first The station STA measures the channel information by receiving the beacon frames sent by the plurality of second access point APs at different times, which is more orderly and efficient.
  • the radio frame sent by the target AP may be an NDP
  • the first station STA after the first station STA receives the radio frame sent by the target AP, the first station STA sends the feedback frame to the first access point AP.
  • the method further includes: the first station STA determining, according to the sequence indication information, which AP is the target AP.
  • the first station STA after receiving the radio frame, the first station STA needs to determine, according to the sequence indication information, which AP sends the radio frame, so that the first station STA can make the first connection when feeding back to the first access point AP.
  • the ingress AP learns that the channel between the first station STA and which access point is detected.
  • the method before the first station STA sends the feedback frame to the first access point AP, the method further includes: the first station STA receiving the trigger frame sent by the first access point AP, where the trigger The frame is configured to trigger the first station STA to send the feedback frame, where the trigger frame includes resource scheduling information, where the resource scheduling information is used to indicate the channel resource used by the first station STA to send the feedback frame; or the first station The STA successfully contends to the channel, which is used to transmit the feedback frame.
  • the method for sending a feedback frame by the first station STA including: using a channel resource allocated by the first access point AP to send a feedback frame, or sending a feedback frame by using the contending channel, where The channel resources allocated by the first access point AP are used to send the feedback frame, so that the first STA can use the contention channel, which increases the efficiency of the first station STA to send the feedback frame.
  • a sixth aspect of the present application provides a channel information prediction method, including: a first access point AP sends a broadcast frame to a first station STA associated with the first access point AP, and the broadcast frame carries a second Identification information of the access point AP, the broadcast frame is used to trigger the first station STA to detect a channel between the second access point AP and the first station STA.
  • the first access point AP receives the feedback frame sent by the first station STA, where the feedback frame carries the channel quality information of the target channel detected by the first station STA, where the target channel is the target AP and the first A channel between the STAs, the target AP is an AP that communicates with the first station STA, and the target AP is included in the second access point AP.
  • the first access point AP triggers the first station STA to detect the channel between the second access point AP and the first station STA by using the broadcast frame, and receives the second feedback from the first station STA.
  • the channel quality information of the target channel that can be detected by the access point AP, so that the first access point AP can predict the signal to interference ratio of the first station STA according to the channel quality information of the target channel, and then schedule the transmission at the first station STA.
  • the first access point AP can select a suitable MCS to achieve a balance between the transmission rate and the packet loss rate.
  • the method further includes: determining, by the first access point AP, the channel quality information of the target AP
  • the signal-to-interference ratio of the first station STA is SIR.
  • the first access point AP determines the SIR of the first station STA, and may select an appropriate MCS when scheduling the first station STA to perform transmission, so as to achieve a balance between the transmission data and the packet loss rate.
  • the method before the first access point AP receives the feedback frame sent by the first station STA, the method further includes: the first access point AP sending a trigger frame to the first station STA, where the trigger The frame is configured to trigger the first station STA to send the feedback frame, where the trigger frame carries resource scheduling information, where the resource scheduling information is used to indicate the channel resource used by the first station STA to send the feedback frame.
  • the first station STA to send a feedback frame is provided, including using a channel resource allocated by the first access point AP to send a feedback frame, which improves the efficiency of the first station STA to send the feedback frame.
  • the broadcast frame further carries sequence indication information, where the sequence indication information is used to indicate an order in which the second access point AP sends the null data packet NDP, so that the first station STA receives the The NDP arrives to perform signal quality detection on the channel between the second access point AP and the first station STA.
  • the first access point AP may instruct the second access point AP to sequentially send the NDP, so that the first station STA measures the channel information according to the NDP sequentially sent by the multiple second access point APs, and is relative to the first The station STA measures the channel information by receiving the beacon frames sent by the plurality of second access point APs at different times, which is more orderly and efficient.
  • a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an apparatus for coordinated transmission of a multiple access point AP, where the apparatus is applied to a first access point AP side, and includes: a processor, configured to generate a first radio frame, where The first radio frame includes indication information indicating a transmission duration of the second radio frame sent by the second access point AP, and the transceiver is configured to send the first radio frame to the second access point AP; And the transceiver is further configured to send the third radio frame to the first station STA associated with the first access point AP during the sending period of the second radio frame.
  • the transceiver sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, so that the at least one second access point AP can simultaneously send the second transmission time to the second station STA according to the first radio frame.
  • the wireless frame realizes synchronization of multiple access point APs by sending control information, which solves the problem of occupying more channel resources caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art.
  • An eighth aspect of the present application provides an apparatus for coordinated transmission of a multiple access point AP, where the apparatus is applied to a second access point AP side, including: a transceiver, configured to receive a first access point AP Transmitting a first radio frame, where the first radio frame includes indication information of a transmission duration of the second radio frame; and transmitting, by the first access point AP, the third radio to the first station STA associated with the first access point During the transmission period of the frame, the transceiver is further configured to send the second radio frame to the second station STA associated with the second access point AP.
  • the transceiver receives the first radio frame sent by the first access point AP, and simultaneously sends the second radio frame with the same transmission duration to the second station STA according to the first radio frame, by sending control information.
  • the method achieves synchronization of multiple access point APs, and solves the problem of occupying more channel resources caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art.
  • a ninth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an apparatus for coordinating transmission of a multiple access point AP, where the apparatus is applied to a first access point AP side, and includes: a processor, configured to generate a first radio frame; And sending, by the second access point AP, a first radio frame, where the first radio frame is used to trigger the second access point AP to send the second radio to the second station STA associated with the second access point AP a frame, where the first radio frame includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to cause the second access point AP to determine a transmission end time of the second radio frame.
  • the transceiver sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, and triggers the second access point AP to send the second radio frame to the second station STA, so that the second access point AP can be configured according to the
  • the first indication information in a radio frame determines the transmission end time of the second radio frame, so that multiple second access point APs can end the transmission at the same time, that is, one AP is not transmitting, and the other AP is receiving. In this case, interference between APs and between STAs is reduced.
  • a tenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an apparatus for coordinated transmission of a multiple access point AP, where the apparatus is applied to a second access point AP side, including: a transceiver, configured to receive a first access point AP And a first radio frame, where the first radio frame carries the first indication information, and the determining unit is configured to determine, according to the first indication information, a transmission end time of the second radio frame, where the transceiver is further configured to The second station STA associated with the two access point APs sends the second radio frame.
  • the transceiver receives the first radio frame sent by the first access point AP, and the determining unit further determines, according to the first indication information in the first radio frame, a transmission end time of the second radio frame, which may implement multiple
  • the second access point AP ends the transmission at the same time, that is, there is no case where one AP is transmitting and another AP is receiving, which reduces interference between the APs and between the STAs.
  • An eleventh aspect of the present application provides an apparatus for detecting channel information, where the apparatus is applied to a STA of a first station, and includes: a transceiver, configured to receive a broadcast frame sent by the first access point AP, The broadcast frame includes the identifier information of the second access point AP, where the broadcast frame is used to trigger detection by the first station STA of the channel between the second access point AP and the first station STA, where the first station STA Associated with the first access point AP; the determining unit is configured to determine channel quality information of the target channel according to the received radio frame sent by the target AP, where the target channel is a channel between the target AP and the first station STA The target AP is included in the second access point AP.
  • the transceiver is further configured to send a feedback frame to the first access point AP, where the feedback frame includes channel quality information of the target channel.
  • the channel quality information of the target channel that is fed back by the first station STA enables the first access point AP to select a suitable MCS when scheduling the first station STA to achieve the transmission rate and the packet loss rate. Balance.
  • a twelfth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for channel information detection, where the apparatus is applied to a first access point AP side, and includes: a transceiver, configured to associate with the first access point AP.
  • the first station STA sends a broadcast frame, where the broadcast frame carries the identifier information of the second access point AP, where the broadcast frame is used to trigger the first station STA to be between the second access point AP and the first station STA.
  • detecting, by the first station STA, a feedback frame where the feedback frame carries channel quality information of the target channel detected by the first station STA, where the target channel is between the target AP and the first station STA.
  • Channel the target AP is included in the second access point AP.
  • the transceiver triggers the first station STA to detect the channel between the second access point AP and the first station STA by using the broadcast frame, and receives the second access point AP fed back by the first station STA.
  • the channel quality information of the target channel that can be detected, so that the first access point AP can predict the signal to interference ratio of the first station STA according to the channel quality information of the target channel, and then, when scheduling the first station STA for transmission, the first The access point AP can select the appropriate MCS to achieve a balance between the transmission rate and the packet loss rate.
  • a thirteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication apparatus having a function of implementing a behavior of a first access point AP or a behavior of a second access point AP in the design of the above method.
  • This function can be implemented in hardware or in hardware by executing the corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above. This module can be software and/or hardware.
  • the communication device includes a storage unit, a processing unit, and a communication unit.
  • a storage unit for storing program code and data required by the communication device; a processing unit for calling the program code to control and manage the operation of the communication device; and a communication unit for supporting the communication device and other devices Communication.
  • the communication device includes a processor, a memory, a baseband circuit, a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, and a bus, wherein the processor, the memory, the baseband circuit, the radio frequency circuit, and the antenna are connected by a bus; A corresponding operation instruction is stored in the memory; the processor controls the operation of the radio frequency circuit, the baseband circuit and the antenna by performing the above operation instruction, thereby supporting the first access point AP or the second access point AP to perform the corresponding function in the foregoing method. .
  • Yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a site having a function of implementing a site in the above method embodiment.
  • This function can be implemented in hardware or in hardware by executing the corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • a station including: a processor, a memory, a bus, a transmitter, and a receiver; the memory is configured to store a computer to execute an instruction, and the processor is connected to the memory through the bus. While the site is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory to cause the station to perform the channel information prediction method of any of the above fifth aspects.
  • Yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus comprising a memory for storing instructions.
  • the supporting processor implements the foregoing first access point AP or the second access point AP or the first station STA to perform a corresponding function in the foregoing method, for example, sending or processing the foregoing method.
  • the device may include a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • a still further aspect of the present application provides a system including the first access point AP of the foregoing first aspect and the second access point AP of the second aspect; or, including the first of the foregoing third aspect An access point AP and a second access point AP of the fourth aspect; or, comprising the first station STA of the foregoing fifth aspect and the first access point AP of the foregoing sixth aspect; or An access point AP and a second access point AP of the eighth aspect; or, comprising the first access point AP of the foregoing ninth aspect and the second access point AP of the tenth aspect; or, including the foregoing eleventh The first access point AP of the aspect and the second access point AP of the twelfth aspect.
  • Yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in the above aspects.
  • Yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in the various aspects above.
  • the first access point AP sends the first radio frame to the second access point AP, so that the at least one second access point AP can be simultaneously configured according to the first radio frame.
  • 1a is a schematic diagram of an exemplary co-BF technique in the prior art
  • FIG. 1b is an exemplary system architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 2a is a flowchart of an exemplary method for coordinated transmission of multiple access point APs according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a frame format of an exemplary first radio frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 2c is a schematic diagram of a frame format of another exemplary first radio frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary synchronous and aligned transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • 2 e is another schematic diagram of synchronous and aligned transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic transmission diagram of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3a is a flowchart of an exemplary multi-AP coordinated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3b is another schematic diagram of synchronous and aligned transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of another exemplary synchronous and aligned transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 4a is a flowchart of an exemplary multi-AP coordinated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of an exemplary downlink alignment transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4c is a schematic diagram of another exemplary downlink alignment transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary downlink alignment transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5a is a flowchart of an exemplary information prediction method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of an exemplary transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5c is a frame structure diagram of an exemplary Trigger frame defined by the standard
  • FIG. 5d is a schematic diagram of information exemplarily included in a common information part of a common information field in a trigger frame Trigger;
  • Figure 5e is a schematic diagram of information that may be included in the User Info portion of the user information field in the Trigger frame;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame of an exemplary broadcast frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame of an exemplary feedback frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5h is a schematic structural diagram of a frame of another exemplary feedback frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of another exemplary feedback frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary apparatus for coordinated transmission of multiple APs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary apparatus for coordinated transmission of multiple APs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a related device for multi-AP coordinated transmission, which are used to solve the problem of occupying more channel resources caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for multi-AP coordinated transmission, which can be applied to a wireless local area network, as shown in FIG. 1b, which is an exemplary system architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the system includes at least two wireless technologies. Access points AP1 and AP2, and two stations STA1 and STA2, where STA1 is the site associated with AP1 and STA2 is the site associated with AP2.
  • the interaction between the APs and the associated STAs may be used to implement the coordination between the transmissions of the APs and the second APs to solve the problem caused by acquiring CSI in the prior art. The problem of occupying more channel resources and reducing transmission interference.
  • the number of APs and STAs in the foregoing WLAN communication system is merely exemplary and does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
  • the AP involved in the embodiment of the present application is a device deployed in a wireless communication network to provide a wireless communication function for a station, and can be used as a hub of a WLAN.
  • the AP may be a base station, a router, a gateway, a repeater, etc., wherein the base station may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and the like.
  • the STA involved in the embodiment of the present application may be a suitable device connected to the distributed network through a wireless link.
  • the STA may be a user terminal, a user device, an access device, a mobile station, a user equipment, or other names
  • the user terminal may include various handheld devices, in-vehicle devices, and wearable devices (such as smart watches) having wireless communication functions. , smart bracelet, etc.), computing device or other processing device connected to the wireless modem, and various forms of user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), terminal, terminal equipment ( Terminal equipment), portable communication device (eg cellular GPRS phone), handset, portable computing device, entertainment device, gaming device or system, global positioning system device, ultra wide band (UWB) device, wireless device or configured Any other suitable device for network communication via a wireless medium.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • Terminal equipment terminal equipment
  • portable communication device eg cellular GPRS phone
  • UWB ultra wide band
  • the embodiments of the present application may have multiple multi-AP coordinated transmission methods according to different scenarios.
  • the multi-AP coordinated transmission in the embodiment of the present application refers to two or more APs passing interactive control information. To cooperate with each other to schedule wireless resources.
  • the method for coordinated transmission of multiple APs includes the following methods:
  • Method A Synchronize and align transmission of multiple APs in downlink transmission.
  • Method B Synchronize and align transmission of multiple STAs in uplink transmission.
  • Method C Align transmission of multiple APs in downlink transmission.
  • the synchronous transmission in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as that multiple transceivers start transmitting respective radio frames at the same time, and the clocks of the multiple transceivers are synchronized.
  • a plurality of transceivers include AP01 and AP02, and the clocks of AP01 and AP02 are synchronized. Synchronous transmission between AP01 and AP02, that is, AP01 starts transmitting radio frame 01 at time A, and AP02 also starts transmitting radio frame 02 at time A.
  • the alignment transmission in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as that multiple transceiver devices end transmitting the respective radio frames at the same time, and the clocks of the plurality of transceiver devices are synchronized.
  • a plurality of transceivers include AP03 and AP04, and the clocks of AP03 and AP04 are synchronized.
  • the transmission is synchronized and aligned, that is, multiple transceivers start transmitting respective radio frames at the same time, and end transmitting the respective radio frames at the same time.
  • a plurality of transceivers include AP01 and AP02, and the clocks of AP01 and AP02 are synchronized.
  • the synchronous transmission between AP01 and AP02, that is, AP01 starts transmitting radio frame 01 at time C, and ends transmitting radio frame 01 at time D.
  • AP02 also starts transmitting radio frame 02 at time C and ends transmitting radio frame 02 at time D.
  • FIG. 2a an embodiment of a method for performing coordinated multi-AP transmission by method A in the embodiment of the present application is introduced.
  • the embodiment may be briefly described in conjunction with the system framework diagram shown in FIG. 1b, and the method may include:
  • AP1 sends control information to AP2. After receiving the control information, AP2 sends data to STA2 at a certain interval of 4ms. It should be noted that when AP2 includes multiple APs, each AP2 has the same duration from receiving control information to transmitting data, and the transmission duration of the transmitted data is also the same. That is, when multiple APs start transmitting data at the same time, and the transmitted data has the same transmission duration, the time for ending the transmission of data is also the same, that is, synchronization and alignment transmission of multiple APs in downlink transmission can be realized. Among them, AP1 can also synchronize with multiple AP2s.
  • the first AP accesses the channel.
  • an AP that initiates multi-AP coordination is referred to as a first AP
  • an AP that interacts with the first AP is referred to as a second AP.
  • the Wi-Fi frequency band is an unlicensed frequency band
  • multiple APs should access the channel in a competitive manner to transmit the wireless frame. It can be described in the following two cases: Case 1, selecting an AP as the first AP; Case 2, any AP may be the first AP.
  • the selected AP the first AP
  • successfully contends to the channel and transmits a first radio frame over the channel which may be used to initiate multi-AP coordinated transmission.
  • the AP that successfully contends to the channel sends a request frame to the first AP, where the request frame is used to request the first AP to access the channel, and send the first wireless through the channel. frame.
  • any AP may contend for a channel by using a channel access method, and the AP that competes successfully is the first AP to transmit the first radio frame, thereby triggering multi-AP coordinated transmission. It can be understood that which AP competes for the channel and which AP acts as the first AP to transmit the first radio frame.
  • a channel access method based on carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is used. Competing channel; in yet another example, the AP may also contend for a channel or a poing coordination function (PCF) based on a request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) channel access mechanism, This is not limited here.
  • PCF poing coordination function
  • the first AP determines the second AP.
  • the first AP may determine the second AP participating in the coordination. In this embodiment, the first AP determines the basis of the second AP. In an example, the first AP obtains a received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the neighboring AP, and determines an AP corresponding to the RSSI whose value is included in the first value interval as the second AP.
  • RSSI received signal strength indication
  • a neighboring AP can be understood as an AP that can communicate with the first AP.
  • the first AP determines a physical distance between the first AP and the neighboring AP, and selects a second AP from the first AP. The value of the physical distance of the second AP is in the second value interval.
  • the first AP may also determine the thin AP in the neighboring AP as the second AP. It is understood that the AP that needs to be managed, debugged, and controlled by the wireless controller, that is, the thin AP cannot work independently, needs to cooperate with the wireless controller; in another example, the first AP may also determine the second AP based on the service requirement information. Therefore, the manner in which the first AP determines the second AP is not limited herein. It can be understood that the second AP can be one or more APs.
  • the step is an optional step, that is, the first AP may also participate in the coordination of the neighboring APs.
  • the first AP generates a first radio frame.
  • the first AP generates a first radio frame, and the first radio frame is used to initiate coordinated transmission of multiple APs. It should be noted that, in order to implement synchronization and alignment transmission of multiple APs in downlink transmission, the first radio frame includes at least first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate to the second AP the transmission duration of the second radio frame.
  • the transmission duration in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as the time from the start of transmitting a radio frame to the completion of the transmission of the radio frame, and the transmission duration is related to the size of the radio frame. In actual applications, the transmission duration is There may be other names, such as transmission delays, etc., which are not limited herein.
  • the length of the transmission may be directly indicated by a period of time, or may be indicated by a sending time and an ending time of the radio frame, which are not limited herein.
  • the first AP generates the first radio frame, so that after receiving the first radio frame, the second AP sends the second radio frame to the second STA associated with the second AP at the first time interval to implement the second radio frame.
  • the first duration may be a predefined short inter-frame space (SIFS), or may be customized by the first AP.
  • SIFS short inter-frame space
  • the first duration is the first AP customization
  • the first The indication information of the first duration may also be included in the radio frame.
  • the first radio frame may further include second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate the identifier information of the second AP, so that After receiving the first radio frame, the second AP determines, according to the second indication information, whether to participate in multi-AP coordinated transmission.
  • the identifier information of the second AP may be multiple.
  • the identifier information of the second AP may be a media access control (MAC) address of the second AP.
  • MAC media access control
  • the identifier information of the second AP may be a partial MAC address of the second AP; in still another example, the first AP may be an address allocated by the second AP, or the address determined by the second AP itself and indicated to a first AP, such that the first AP includes the address in the first radio frame, or the identification information of the device (which may be a STA or an AP) in a coupled relationship with the second AP, so that the device receives the first AP. After the frame is sent to the second AP, the device forwards the frame to the second AP through the internal interface of the second AP. Therefore, the identification information of the second AP is not limited herein.
  • the first AP may further indicate that the second AP performs channel monitoring within a first time period after receiving the first radio frame, and if the second AP is in the first time period after receiving the first radio frame, The channel between the second AP and the second STA is in an idle state, and the second AP may send the second radio frame to the associated second STA. On the contrary, if the channel between the second AP and the second STA is in the occupied state, the second AP does not send the second radio frame. Therefore, the first radio frame may further include third indication information, where the third indication information is used to indicate whether the second AP needs to be between the second AP and the second STA before sending the second radio frame to the second STA. The channel is listening.
  • a 1 bit channel sensing (CS) indicator bit can be set in the first radio frame. For example, when the CS indication bit is set to 1, it indicates that the second AP needs to perform channel monitoring, and the second radio frame is sent to the second STA only when the channel between the second AP and the second STA is idle. When the CS indication bit is set to 0, it indicates that the second AP does not need to perform channel monitoring, that is, after the second AP receives the first radio frame, regardless of whether the channel between the second AP and the second STA is idle, the interval is The second radio frame is sent to the second STA for a while.
  • CS channel sensing
  • the first radio frame may also carry some control information to help the second AP perform radio resource management, for example:
  • the first radio frame may carry the fourth indication information, in order to reduce the interference of the second AP to the first STA associated with the first AP, because the transmission of the first AP and the transmission of the second AP are performed on the same channel.
  • the fourth indication information is used to indicate the transmission power information of each second AP, where the transmission power information may be the maximum transmission power or the transmission power configured by the first AP for the second AP, so that the first STA receives the interference from the second AP.
  • the value is within a third value interval, wherein the third value interval can be predefined.
  • the first radio frame may further carry the fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate Transmit power information of the first AP.
  • the first radio frame may carry the sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the tolerable maximum interference threshold information of the first AP, so that the first The second AP determines, according to the sixth indication information, power indication information of each associated second STA.
  • the power indication information is usable for each second STA to determine a maximum transmit power.
  • the power indication information may be included in a second radio frame sent by the second AP to the second STA.
  • the tolerable maximum interference threshold information may be a value of a spatial reuse parameter (SRP), and the SRP may be used by the second AP to adjust the transmit power when performing spatial multiplexing transmission,
  • the second AP may set the transmission parameter of the associated second STA according to the value of the SRP.
  • the first radio frame may carry the seventh indication information.
  • the eighth indication information is used to indicate the identification information of the first STA, and the eighth indication information is used to indicate the transmission power information of the first STA.
  • the first radio frame may be lengthened, so that the second AP decodes and obtains each included in the first radio frame.
  • the indication information there is still a certain amount of time to prepare the data until the end of the first radio frame transmission.
  • a padding field is added to the first radio frame, and the padding field is filled with invalid information, so the ninth indication information may be included in the first radio frame to indicate the length of the padding field, which is convenient for understanding.
  • each AP information field may include an AP ID field and an AP ID field.
  • Other information field AP info field.
  • an AP info field may be used as a padding domain, and the AP ID of the padding domain may be set to a special AP ID field, such as all 1s or all 0s, to indicate the start of the padding domain, when the second AP detects the
  • the special AP ID field can determine the subsequent other information field as the padding invalid information, so the second AP can prepare the data within the time period of receiving the padding field. As shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2c a schematic diagram of a frame format of an exemplary first radio frame provided in this embodiment, where the AP info field adjacent to a frame check sequence (FCS) can be understood
  • FCS frame check sequence
  • the AP ID special value in the AP info field
  • the other information field after the AP ID field in the AP information field contains other information fields that are invalid.
  • the first AP may perform centralized scheduling to determine a transmission parameter of the second AP, that is, the first AP allocates and indicates resource scheduling information for the second AP. Therefore, the first radio frame may further carry the tenth indication information, where the tenth indication information is used to indicate resource scheduling information, so that the second AP determines, according to the resource scheduling information, a channel resource used for sending the second radio frame.
  • the resource scheduling information may include, but is not limited to, a combination of one or more of the following information: resource unit (RU) allocation information of each second AP, and identifier information of the second AP scheduled site (ie, The identification information of the two STAs, the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used by each site or the spatial stream used by each site.
  • RU resource unit
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the first radio frame in the embodiment of the present application may include the eleventh indication information, where the eleventh indication information is used to indicate that the uplink is performed. Transmission or downlink transmission.
  • a 1 bit up and down indication bit can be set in the first radio frame. For example, when the uplink and downlink indication bit is set to 0, it indicates that uplink transmission is required, that is, the second AP triggers the second STA to send a radio frame to the second AP. When the uplink and downlink indication bit is set to 1, it indicates that downlink transmission is required, that is, the second AP needs to send a radio frame to the second STA. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the eleventh indication information is used to indicate that the downlink transmission is performed.
  • the first AP may indicate to the second AP before the second AP participates in coordinated transmission.
  • the transmission mode, wherein the first AP can have the following indication manners, including:
  • the first radio frame includes twelfth indication information for indicating whether synchronization transmission is required.
  • the twelfth indication information is used to indicate that synchronization transmission is required. It should be noted that, if the twelfth indication information indicates that multiple APs do not need to transmit in synchronization, that is, the second AP does not need to start transmission at the same time, the second AP may decide the time to start transmission, and the second AP may perform alignment. Transfer, or you can not perform alignment transfer.
  • the first radio frame may further include thirteenth indication information, where the thirteenth indication information is used to indicate whether an alignment transmission is needed. If the thirteenth indication information indicates that multiple APs do not need to align transmission, that is, the second AP does not need to end transmission at the same time, the second AP may decide the end time of the transmission.
  • the first AP indicates that the second AP indicates the asynchronous transmission or the alignment
  • the first radio frame may include the twelfth indication information and the thirteenth indication information.
  • the twelfth indication information is used to indicate that multiple APs do not need to transmit synchronously
  • the thirteenth indication information is used to indicate that multiple APs do not need to be aligned.
  • the first radio frame includes fourteenth indication information, where the fourteenth indication information is used to indicate a mode in which the multi-AP coordinates transmission.
  • a 2-bit transmission indication bit can be set in the first radio frame, for example, when the transmission indication bit is 01, indicating that synchronization transmission is required. When the transmission indication bit is 10, it indicates that alignment transmission is required. When the transmission indication bit is 00, it means that the transmission is neither synchronous nor aligned. When the transmission indication bit is 11, it indicates synchronization and alignment transmission. Therefore, the specific indication manner is not limited in this application.
  • the first AP may instruct the second AP to send the second radio frame to the second STA, and set the ACK policy to block acknowledgement. (block ACK, BA), so that the second STA does not immediately respond to the BA frame after receiving the second radio frame, but responds after receiving the block ACK request (BAR) frame sent by the second AP.
  • block ACK BA
  • BA block ACK request
  • the first AP instructs the second AP to send the second radio frame to the second STA, and during the sending period of the second radio frame, the first AP sends the third radio frame to the first STA associated with the first AP, That is, the transmission time of the second radio frame may be different from the transmission time of the third radio frame, and the end time of the second radio frame may be different from the end time of the third radio frame, but the transmission period of the second radio frame and the third radio frame may be There is an intersection.
  • the transmission period in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as a time period corresponding to a transceiver device from the start of transmitting a radio frame to the completion of transmission of the radio frame.
  • time A to time B is the transmission period of the radio frame. Therefore, for ease of understanding, the transmission period of the second radio frame is [time 1 and time 2], the transmission period of the third radio frame is [time 3, time 4], and time 3 is earlier than time 1, time 4 and Time 2 may not be equal, so there is an intersection between the transmission period of the second radio frame and the transmission period of the third radio frame.
  • the first AP indicates The second AP sets the ACK policy, so that after the second STA receives the second radio frame, it does not immediately reply to the acknowledgement frame, but after the first radio frame and the second radio frame are both sent, the second AP sends the second AP to the second STA. After confirming the frame request, the second STA sends an acknowledgement frame to the second AP.
  • the first radio frame may further carry the fifteenth indication information, where the fifteenth indication information is used to indicate that the ACK policy is carried in the second radio frame.
  • the first radio frame may carry multiple indication information in addition to the first indication information, as shown in Table 1.
  • the information that the first AP needs to indicate to the second AP is referred to as information to be indicated.
  • the to-be-instructed information includes at least the first indication information, and the to-be-instructed information may further include, but is not limited to, a combination of one or more of the indication information shown in Table 1. It should be noted that the to-be-instructed information may be all included in the first radio frame. For example, if the to-be-instructed information includes the first indication information to the fourth indication information, the first radio frame includes the first indication information to the first Four instructions. In an example, the information other than the first indication information in the information to be indicated may not be all included in the first radio frame.
  • the information to be indicated includes the first indication information to the fourth indication information
  • the first AP determines the second AP that participates in the coordinated transmission
  • sends a control frame to the second AP where the control frame includes the second indication information and the third indication information
  • the first radio frame triggers transmission of the multi-AP
  • the first radio frame includes first indication information and fourth indication information. Therefore, the manner in which the first AP sends the information to be instructed to the second AP is not limited herein.
  • the first AP accesses the channel through step 201, determines the second AP by using step 202 and step 203, and generates a first radio frame, and there is no step sequence between the two processes.
  • step 201 may be performed first, or step 202 and step 203 may be performed first, or may be performed at the same time, which is not limited herein.
  • the second AP receives the first radio frame sent by the first AP.
  • the first AP After the first AP accesses the channel, the first AP is sent to the determined second AP to initiate the coordinated transmission of the multiple APs, so that after the second AP receives the first radio frame, the second AP is associated with the second AP.
  • the second STA sends the second radio frame, where the transmission duration of the second radio frame is the transmission duration indicated by the first indication information.
  • the first duration may be a duration of the first AP customization, or may be a preset duration.
  • the first AP in the embodiment may encode, modulate, and map the first radio frame into frames, and fast Fuli.
  • the inverse transform and the addition of a cyclic prefix (CP) and the like are then transmitted through the channel to the receiving end, that is, the second AP in the present application.
  • the second AP after receiving the first radio frame sent by the first AP, the second AP sequentially performs de-CP, fast Fourier transform, data extraction, channel estimation, equalization, demodulation, and translation on the received first radio frame. Code processing.
  • the decoding operation of the encoded first radio frame may be performed by using existing technical means, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first radio frame may include multiple indication information
  • the second AP participates in coordinated transmission of multiple APs according to the indication information in the first radio frame, as follows:
  • the second AP determines, according to the first indication information, a transmission duration of the second radio frame sent to the second STA.
  • the second AP determines to participate in the multi-AP coordinated transmission initiated by the first AP according to the second indication information.
  • the second AP determines, according to the third indication information, whether the channel between the second AP and the second STA needs to be monitored before sending the second radio frame. If the third indication information indicates that the channel needs to be monitored, the second AP determines whether to send the second radio frame by the state of the monitored channel, that is, does not send when the channel is busy, and vice versa. If the third indication information indicates that the listening channel is not required, the second AP sends the second radio frame directly to the second STA at the first time interval after receiving the first radio frame.
  • the second AP determines the sending power information of the second AP according to the fourth indication information, where the sending power information may be the maximum sending power or the first AP configuration.
  • the transmit power in this embodiment, when the second AP sends the second radio frame, the transmit power used does not exceed the maximum transmit power. Or the used transmit power is the transmit power configured by the first AP.
  • the second AP obtains the sending power information of the first AP according to the fifth indication information, and the second AP predicts the associated information according to the sending power information of the first AP.
  • the road loss value can be understood, and the actual application can also be predicted in other ways, which is not limited herein.
  • the second AP obtains the tolerable maximum interference threshold information of the first AP according to the sixth indication information, and determines, according to the maximum interference threshold information, each second STA.
  • the power indication information is such that each second STA determines the maximum transmit power of the second STA by using the power indication information, that is, controls the transmit power of each second STA, so that the interference value of the second STA to the first AP is at the fourth value. In the interval, therefore, in this embodiment, the transmission power of the second STA when transmitting the BA in response to the second radio frame cannot exceed the maximum transmission power of the second STA.
  • the average interference value for the first AP determines the maximum transmission power of the second STA. It should be noted that, in an optional manner, the second AP may directly predict the maximum transmit power of the second STA and indicate to the second STA.
  • the second AP may indicate the power indication information to the second STA, such as the maximum interference value of the second STA to the first AP, so that the second STA determines the maximum of the second STA according to the power indication information.
  • the transmit power that is, the power indication information sent by the second AP
  • the second STA may directly obtain the maximum transmit power of the second STA, and may further calculate the maximum transmit power of the second STA according to the power indication information.
  • the second AP determines, according to the identifier information of the first STA in the seventh indication information, and the sending power of the first STA in the eighth indication information.
  • the interference value of each first STA to the second AP is the interference value of each first STA to the second AP.
  • the second AP determines, by using the ninth indication information, a length of the padding field used to fill the invalid information, that is, the second AP may go within the length of the padding domain. Preparing data to be sent to the second STA.
  • the first radio frame may further include a special AP ID field to indicate the start of the padding field. When the second AP detects the special AP ID field, the first AP The two APs can prepare data to be sent to the second STA within the duration of the padding domain.
  • the second AP determines the channel resource used by the second radio frame by using the resource scheduling information indicated by the tenth indication information, where the resource scheduling information may be Including, but not limited to, a combination of one or more of the following information: resource unit (RU) allocation information of each second AP, and identification information of the second AP scheduled station (ie, identification information of the second STA), The MCS used by each site or the spatial stream used by each site.
  • resource scheduling information may be Including, but not limited to, a combination of one or more of the following information: resource unit (RU) allocation information of each second AP, and identification information of the second AP scheduled station (ie, identification information of the second STA), The MCS used by each site or the spatial stream used by each site.
  • RU resource unit
  • the second AP determines, by using the eleventh indication information, that the uplink transmission or the downlink transmission is performed.
  • the eleventh indication information is used to indicate that the The downlink transmission triggers the second AP to send a second radio frame to the second STA, where the second radio frame may be a data frame or a control frame.
  • the second AP determines, by using the twelfth indication information, whether synchronization transmission is required.
  • the twelfth indication information is used to indicate that synchronization is required.
  • the transmission that is, after the second AP receives the first radio frame, the second radio frame is sent to the second STA at intervals of a preset duration, and synchronous transmission of multiple APs is implemented.
  • the second AP determines, by using the twelfth indication information, whether the alignment transmission is needed.
  • the thirteenth indication information is used to indicate that alignment is needed. transmission.
  • the second AP may determine, by using the fourteenth indication information, a mode of multi-AP coordinated transmission.
  • the fourteenth indication information is used to indicate that Synchronize and align the transfer.
  • the first radio frame may further include the fifteenth indication information
  • the second AP The ACK policy is carried in the second radio frame by using the fifteenth indication information, so that the second STA does not immediately respond to the BA frame after receiving the second radio frame, but after receiving the BAR frame sent by the second AP, Respond to the BA frame.
  • the second AP after receiving the first radio frame sent by the first AP, the second AP further sends a first acknowledgement frame in response to the first radio frame to the first AP.
  • the first radio frame may further include The transmission duration of the acknowledgment frame is such that after the plurality of second APs receive the first radio frame, the first acknowledgment frame is sent to the first AP at the same interval.
  • the second AP sends a second radio frame to the second STA.
  • the second AP after receiving the first radio frame, the second AP sends the second radio frame to the second STA at the first time interval.
  • the manner in which the second AP sends the second radio frame to the second STA according to the indication information included in the first radio frame is as described in step 204, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first AP sends a third radio frame to the first STA.
  • the first AP After the first AP sends the first radio frame to the second AP, the first AP sends a third radio frame to the first STA associated with the first AP, and sends a downlink frame to the multi-AP. Alignment, the transmission duration of the third radio frame is equal to the transmission duration of the second radio frame.
  • the first AP in order to implement the synchronization of the downlink frame sent by the multiple APs, after the first AP sends the first radio frame, the first AP also sends the third radio frame to the first STA, that is, the sending time of the third radio frame.
  • the transmission time of the second radio frame is the same to synchronize the second radio frame with the third radio frame.
  • the third radio frame may also include an ACK policy, so that the first STA does not immediately respond to the third acknowledgement frame after receiving the second radio frame, and may be understood as a BA, but receives the BAR sent by the first AP. Respond after the frame.
  • an ACK policy so that the first STA does not immediately respond to the third acknowledgement frame after receiving the second radio frame, and may be understood as a BA, but receives the BAR sent by the first AP. Respond after the frame.
  • the step is an optional step, that is, the first AP may not send the third radio frame to the first STA, but merely trigger multiple second APs to send the second radio to the second STA.
  • the frame in turn, synchronizes and aligns transmission of multiple second APs.
  • the first AP sends a third radio frame to the first STA.
  • FIG. 2d a schematic diagram of synchronous transmission provided by this embodiment is provided.
  • the interval T ms sends a third radio frame to the first STA, that is, Data1 in the figure, optionally, the first The AP then receives the third acknowledgement frame sent by the first STA for responding to the third radio frame, that is, BA1 in the figure.
  • the second AP sends a second radio frame, that is, Data2 in the figure, to the second STA, and receives a second acknowledgement frame sent by the second STA for responding to the second radio frame, that is, BA2 in the figure.
  • the first AP does not send the third radio frame to the first STA.
  • FIG. 2e another synchronization transmission diagram is provided in this embodiment.
  • the radio frame is not sent.
  • the second AP (1) sends a second radio frame, that is, Data1 in the figure, to the second STA (1), and receives the second acknowledgement frame sent by the second STA (1). That is, BA1 in the figure.
  • the second AP (2) also transmits Data2 to the second STA (2) at intervals T ms, and receives the BA2 sent by the second STA (2).
  • the second STA sends a second acknowledgement frame to the second AP.
  • the second STA After receiving the second radio frame sent by the second AP, the second STA sends a second acknowledgement frame in response to the second radio frame to the second AP.
  • the second STA determines the maximum transmit power of the second STA according to the power indication information, and the sending power of the second STA sends the second acknowledgement frame cannot be greater than The maximum transmit power.
  • the second STA when the second radio frame includes the ACK policy, the second STA sends the second acknowledgement frame to the second AP after receiving the BAR frame sent by the second AP.
  • the step is an optional step, that is, after receiving the second radio frame, the second STA may not send the second acknowledgement frame.
  • the first STA sends a third acknowledgement frame to the first AP.
  • the first STA after receiving the third radio frame sent by the first AP, the first STA sends a third acknowledgement frame in response to the third radio frame to the first AP.
  • the first STA when the third radio frame includes the ACK policy, the first STA sends the third acknowledgement frame to the first AP after receiving the BAR frame sent by the first AP.
  • synchronization and alignment transmission of the uplink acknowledgement frame may be implemented, for example, synchronization and alignment transmission of the second acknowledgement frame and the third acknowledgement frame are implemented, For example, when the first AP does not send the third radio frame or the first AP sends the third radio frame but the first STA does not send the third acknowledgement frame, the synchronization between the multiple second acknowledgement frames and the aligned transmission are implemented, as follows:
  • the first radio frame may further include a transmission duration of the second acknowledgment frame, and after the second AP obtains the transmission duration of the second acknowledgment frame, the transmission duration of the second acknowledgment frame may be indicated to the second by the second radio frame.
  • the STA is configured to enable the second STA to send a second acknowledgement frame to the second AP after the second radio frame is received after receiving the second radio frame.
  • the second duration may be preset or may be customized by the first AP, so the second duration may be the same as or different from the first duration, which is not limited herein.
  • the third radio frame may include a transmission duration of the third acknowledgment frame, so that the first STA is in the second time interval after receiving the third radio frame.
  • An AP sends a third acknowledgement frame, and it should be noted that the transmission duration of the third acknowledgement frame is equal to the transmission duration of the second acknowledgement frame.
  • the present embodiment can implement synchronization and alignment transmission between the acknowledgement frames, and there is no case where one STA is transmitting an acknowledgement frame, and another STA is receiving a data frame or a control frame sent by the AP, reducing STA and AP.
  • Mutual interference can be implemented.
  • the acknowledgment frame that is sent once and received in response to the radio frame may be referred to as one transmission, and in this embodiment, the first radio frame may not only trigger one synchronization. And to align the transmission, it can also trigger multiple synchronizations and align the transmission. As shown in FIG. 2f, an exemplary transmission diagram provided by this embodiment provides synchronization and alignment of multiple transmissions by using a first radio frame.
  • the time occupied by each transmission may be referred to as a time period (TS), then the indication information for each time period may be included in the first radio frame, and it may be understood that the indication for each time period is
  • the information may include first indication information, and a combination of one or more of the second indication information to the sixteenth indication information.
  • the indication information for each time period can be different.
  • the transmission duration of Data11 in time segment1 is different from the transmission duration of Data21 in time segment2.
  • the indication information of each time period may be the same, for example, the period indication information may be included in the first radio frame, so that the multiple APs use the same indication information for synchronization and alignment transmission every other time segment.
  • the multi-AP coordinated scheduling transmission and signaling are implemented by the multi-AP coordinated scheduling, and the synchronous downlink transmission is performed in parallel, thereby reducing interference and improving throughput.
  • FIG. 3a an embodiment of the method for performing uplink synchronization and aligning transmission by using method B in the method B is introduced.
  • the embodiment may be briefly described in conjunction with the system framework diagram shown in FIG. 1b, and the method may include:
  • AP1 sends control information to AP2. After receiving the control information, AP2 sends a trigger message to STA2. After STA2 receives the trigger information, interval B sends data to AP2. It should be noted that when AP2 includes multiple APs, the associated STA2 may also be multiple. The duration of each AP2 from receiving the control information to transmitting the trigger information is the duration A, and the transmission duration of the trigger information sent by each AP2 is also the same. Therefore, the time at which each STA2 receives the trigger information is also the same.
  • the duration of each STA2 from receiving the trigger information to transmitting the data is the duration B, and the transmission duration of the data transmitted by each STA2 is also the same, so the time for each STA2 to end the transmission of data is also the same. Therefore, multiple STAs simultaneously start transmitting data and end the transmission of data, so that synchronous transmission of multiple STAs in uplink transmission can be realized.
  • the STA1 can also receive the trigger information of the AP1 to synchronize with multiple AP2s.
  • the first AP accesses the channel.
  • the first AP determines the second AP.
  • the steps 301 to 302 are similar to the steps 201 to 202 shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first AP generates a first radio frame.
  • the first AP to implement the synchronous transmission of the uplink data, the first AP generates the first radio frame, so that the second AP sends the second radio frame to the second STA at the first time interval after receiving the first radio frame.
  • the third radio frame sends the third radio frame to the second AP.
  • the second radio frame is a trigger frame.
  • the three radio frames may be data frames transmitted by the second STA.
  • the first duration and the second duration may be preset, or both are customized by the first AP. When the first duration and the second duration are customized by the first AP, the first radio frame is used.
  • the indication information of the first duration and the indication information of the second duration may also be included. Therefore, the second duration may be the same as or different from the first duration, and is not limited herein.
  • the first radio frame includes at least a first indication information and a sixteenth indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a transmission duration of the second radio frame, where the first indication is The information is similar to the first indication information included in the first radio frame in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the 16th indication information is used to indicate the transmission duration of the third radio frame sent by the second STA. It can be understood that, in order to indicate the transmission duration of the third radio frame to the second STA, the second AP sends the second AP to the second AP.
  • the transmission duration of the third radio frame may also be included in the second radio frame of the STA.
  • the first radio frame generated by step 303 in this embodiment may also include, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of the indication information shown in Table 2. :
  • the second indication information to the eighth indication information are similar to the second indication information to the eighth indication information included in the first radio frame in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the eleventh indication information is used to indicate that the second AP performs uplink transmission, that is, the second STA needs to be triggered to send the third radio frame to the second AP.
  • the eleventh indication information to the fourteenth indication information are similar to the twelfth indication information to the fourteenth indication information included in the first radio frame in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the fifteenth indication information is used to indicate an ACK policy, that is, the second AP does not immediately respond to the acknowledgement frame after receiving the third radio frame, but is in the case that the first AP determines that neither the synchronous transmission nor the transmission is performed. After receiving the BAR frame sent by the second STA, the response is received.
  • the first AP accesses the channel through step 301, determines the second AP by using step 302 and step 303, and generates a first radio frame, and there is no step sequence between the two processes.
  • step 301 may be performed first, or step 302 and step 303 may be performed first, or may be performed at the same time, which is not limited herein.
  • the second AP receives the first radio frame sent by the first AP.
  • step 304 is similar to step 204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the second AP sends a second radio frame to the second STA.
  • step 305 is similar to step 205 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the second radio frame in this embodiment is used to trigger the second STA to send the third radio frame to the second AP, and the second radio frame may include the transmission duration of the third radio frame.
  • the second STA may be a data frame sent by the second AP to the second STA.
  • the second STA sends a third radio frame to the second AP.
  • the second STA After receiving the second radio frame sent by the second AP, the second STA sends a third radio frame to the second AP for a second duration, and the second duration may be SIFS.
  • the second STA determines, according to the power indication information, a maximum transmit power of the second STA, and the power that the second STA sends the third radio frame cannot be greater than the Maximum transmit power.
  • the second AP sends a third acknowledgement frame to the second STA.
  • the second AP After receiving the third radio frame sent by the second STA, the second AP sends a third acknowledgement frame in response to the third radio frame to the second STA.
  • the second AP when the first radio frame includes the ACK policy, the second AP sends the third acknowledgement frame to the second STA after receiving the BAR frame sent by the second STA.
  • the second AP when the first radio frame includes the fifth indication information to indicate the transmit power information of the second AP, and the transmit power information may be the maximum transmit power or the transmit power configured by the first AP, the second AP sends the first When the frame is acknowledged, the power used may not exceed the maximum transmit power of the second AP, or the power used may be the transmit power configured by the first AP.
  • this step is an optional step, that is, in the actual application, after receiving the third radio frame sent by the second STA, the second AP may not send the second radio frame to the second STA.
  • Three confirmation frames are, in the actual application, after receiving the third radio frame sent by the second STA, the second AP may not send the second radio frame to the second STA.
  • the first AP sends a fourth radio frame to the first STA.
  • the first AP After the first AP sends the first radio frame to the second AP, the first AP sends a fourth radio frame to the first STA associated with the first AP, where the fourth radio frame is used to trigger the first STA.
  • the second radio frame After receiving the fourth radio frame, the second radio frame sends a fifth radio frame to the first AP, and the fourth radio frame needs to include the transmission duration of the fifth radio frame.
  • the transmission duration of the fourth radio frame is equal to the transmission duration of the second radio frame
  • the transmission duration of the fifth radio frame is equal to the transmission duration of the third radio frame.
  • the first AP sends a fourth radio frame to the first STA during the sending period of the second radio frame, that is, the first AP sends.
  • the fourth radio frame is also sent to the first STA at a first time interval, such that the transmission time of the fourth radio frame is the same as the transmission time of the second radio frame.
  • step 206 shown in FIG. 2a it is similar to step 206 shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first AP sends a fourth radio frame to the first STA.
  • the first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP, that is, after the SYNC frame in the figure, the interval T ms is A STA sends a fourth radio frame, that is, a Trigger1 frame in the figure, and receives a fifth radio frame transmitted by the first STA interval P ms, that is, Data1 in the figure.
  • the second AP sends a second radio frame, that is, Trigger2 in the figure, to the second STA, and receives the third radio frame sent by the second STA interval P ms, that is, Data2 in the figure.
  • the initial transmission time of Data1 and Data2 is the same, and the transmission durations of Data1 and Data2 are the same, the transmission end times of Data1 and Data2 are also the same, so synchronous transmission of uplink data is realized.
  • the first AP does not send the fourth radio frame to the first STA.
  • FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of another exemplary synchronization and alignment transmission provided by the embodiment.
  • the first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP, that is, after the SYNC frame in the figure, the wireless device is not sent. frame.
  • the second AP(1) sends a second radio frame to the second STA(1), that is, Trigger1 in the figure, and receives the third radio sent by the second STA (1) interval P ms.
  • Frame which is Data1 in the figure.
  • the second AP (2) also transmits Trigger2 to the second STA (2) at intervals T ms, and receives Data1 transmitted by the second STA (2) interval P ms.
  • the first STA sends a fifth radio frame to the first AP.
  • the second radio frame sends the fifth radio frame to the second AP.
  • the first AP sends a fifth acknowledgement frame to the first STA.
  • the first AP may send, to the first STA, a fifth acknowledgement frame that is responsive to the fifth radio frame.
  • the first AP may set an ACK policy, so that the first AP sends the fifth acknowledgement frame to the first STA after receiving the BAR frame sent by the first STA.
  • synchronization of the downlink acknowledgement frame and alignment transmission may be implemented, that is, synchronization of the third acknowledgement frame and the fifth acknowledgement frame and alignment transmission or Synchronization and alignment transmission between multiple third acknowledgement frames, as follows:
  • the first radio frame may further include a fifteenth indication information, where the fifteenth indication information is used to indicate a transmission duration of the third acknowledgement frame, so that the second AP is separated by a third time interval after receiving the third radio frame.
  • the second STA sends the third acknowledgment frame.
  • the third duration may be a preset duration, or may be customized by the first AP, and may be included in the first radio frame if customized by the first AP.
  • the third duration indication may be a preset duration, or may be customized by the first AP, and may be included in the first radio frame if customized by the first AP.
  • the first AP after receiving the fifth radio frame, the first AP sends a fifth acknowledgement frame to the first STA, and the third acknowledgement frame is transmitted with the third acknowledgement frame.
  • the transmission duration is equal.
  • a transmission acknowledgement frame that is synchronized and aligned between the first AP and the second AP can be implemented, and no AP is transmitting an acknowledgement frame, and another AP is receiving a data frame sent by the STA, and the AP is reduced. Interference with STAs.
  • the first radio frame in this embodiment may also trigger multiple simultaneous transmissions, and the manner of triggering is the same as the first radio frame in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a.
  • the triggering method is similar, and will not be described here.
  • the transmission process and signaling of the coordinated scheduling of multiple APs realize synchronous transmission of uplink data, reduce interference, and improve throughput.
  • FIG. 4a an embodiment of the method for performing multi-AP coordination to implement downlink aligned transmission by method C is introduced.
  • FIG. 1b can be combined.
  • the system frame diagram is shown to briefly describe the embodiment, and the method includes:
  • AP1 sends control information to AP2. After receiving the control information, AP2 sends data to STA2 and ends transmitting the data at time C. It should be noted that when AP2 includes multiple APs, the end time for each AP2 to send data to the associated STA2 is C. That is, the end time of multiple APs transmitting data is the same, that is, the aligned transmission of multiple APs in downlink transmission can be realized. Among them, AP1 can also be aligned with AP2.
  • the first AP accesses the channel.
  • the first AP determines the second AP.
  • the steps 401 to 402 are similar to the steps 201 to 202 shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first AP generates a first radio frame.
  • the first AP generates a first radio frame, where the first radio frame is used to trigger the second AP to send a second radio frame to the second STA associated with the second AP to initiate coordinated scheduling of the multiple APs.
  • the first radio frame includes at least first indication information, and the first indication information is used to enable the second AP to determine a transmission end time of the second radio frame.
  • the first indication information included in the first radio frame may also be different, which will be separately described below:
  • Scenario 1 The first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP and the first STA.
  • FIG. 4b is an exemplary downlink alignment transmission according to scenario 1 in this embodiment.
  • the first AP sends a first radio frame to the first STA, that is, Data1 in the figure.
  • the Data1 carries the first indication information, where the first indication information can be used to indicate the transmission duration of Data1, or the transmission end time of Data1, so the second AP obtains the first indication information from Data1 to determine the transmission end time of Data1.
  • the first STA after receiving the Data1 sent by the first AP, the first STA sends the BA1 frame to the first AP.
  • the second STA sends the BA2 frame to the first AP.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the transmission duration of the first radio frame or the transmission end time of the first radio frame, so that the second AP determines the transmission end time of the second radio frame according to the first indication information.
  • the transmission end time of the second radio frame is the same as the transmission end time of the first radio frame.
  • Scenario 2 The first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP, and then sends a third radio frame to the associated first STA.
  • FIG. 4c is an exemplary downlink alignment transmission diagram provided by scenario 2 according to the embodiment.
  • the first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP, that is, SYNC in the figure.
  • the frame sends a third radio frame to the first STA, that is, Data1 in the figure, where the SYNC frame carries the first indication information, where the first indication information can be used to indicate the transmission duration of Data1, or the transmission end time of Data1, so
  • the second AP determines the transmission end time of Data1 according to the first indication information, and sends a second radio frame to the second STA, that is, Data2 in the figure, so that the transmission end time of Data2 is the same as the transmission end time of Data1, and downlink data transmission is realized. Alignment.
  • the first STA after receiving the Data1 sent by the first AP, the first STA sends the BA1 frame to the first AP.
  • the second STA sends the BA2 frame to the
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the transmission duration of the third radio frame or the transmission end time of the third radio frame, so that the second AP determines the transmission end time of the second radio frame according to the first indication information.
  • the transmission end time of the second radio frame is the same as the transmission end time of the third radio frame.
  • Scenario 3 The first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP.
  • FIG. 4d is an exemplary downlink alignment transmission diagram provided by scenario 3 according to the embodiment.
  • the first AP sends a first radio frame to the second AP, that is, SYNC in the figure. a frame, to trigger a plurality of second APs to send a second radio frame, that is, Data in the figure, such as triggering the second AP (1) to send Data1, triggering the second AP (2) to send Data2, where the first radio frame carries the first An indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate the transmission end time of the data sent by each second AP.
  • the transmission end time of the Data sent by each second AP is the same.
  • the second STA (1) after receiving the Data1 sent by the second AP (1), the second STA (1) sends a BA1 frame to the second AP (1). After receiving the Data2 sent by the second AP (2), the second STA (2) sends a BA2 frame to the second AP (2).
  • the first indication information is used to indicate a transmission end time of the second radio frame, so that the multiple second APs determine, according to the first indication information, a transmission end time of each second radio frame, and each The transmission end time of the second radio frame is the same.
  • the first radio frame generated by step 403 in this embodiment may further include, but is not limited to, one or more of the indication information shown in Table 3. Combinations:
  • the second indication information to the eleventh indication information and the fifteenth indication information are similar to the second indication information to the eleventh indication information and the fifteenth indication information included in the first radio frame in FIG. 2a, specifically I will not repeat them here.
  • the twelfth indication information is used to indicate that the second AP does not need to perform synchronous transmission, that is, multiple APs may decide to start transmission at a discretion, as long as the transmission end time is the same.
  • the thirteenth indication information is used to indicate that the alignment transmission needs to be performed, that is, the transmission end times of the multiple APs need to be the same.
  • the fourteenth indication information is used to indicate that synchronization transmission is not required, and synchronization alignment is required.
  • the first AP accesses the channel through step 401, determines the second AP by using step 402 and step 403, and generates a first radio frame, and there is no step sequence between the two processes.
  • step 401 may be performed first, or step 402 and step 403 may be performed first, or may be performed at the same time, which is not limited herein.
  • the second AP receives the first radio frame sent by the first AP.
  • the first indication information in the first radio frame is used to indicate the transmission duration of the first radio frame or the transmission end time of the first radio frame, when the first indication information is used.
  • the second AP determines the transmission end time of the first radio frame according to the transmission start time of the first radio frame and the transmission duration of the first radio frame, and ends the transmission of the first radio frame. The time is determined as the transmission end time of the second radio frame transmitted to the second STA.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the transmission end time of the first radio frame
  • the second AP directly uses the transmission end time of the first radio frame as the transmission end time of the second radio frame transmitted to the second STA.
  • the indication information may be carried in the physical layer preamble of the physical layer protocol data unit where the first radio frame is located.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the transmission duration of the third radio frame or the transmission end time of the third radio frame, and the second AP determines the second radio according to the first indication information.
  • the manner of the end time of the transmission of the frame is similar to the manner of determining the end time of the transmission of the second radio frame in the first scenario, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the transmission end time of the second radio frame, and the second AP directly obtains the transmission end time of the second radio frame according to the first indication information.
  • the first radio frame further includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of the second indication information and the fifteenth indication information in the third table
  • the manner in which the second AP receives the first radio frame and performs processing Similar to step 204 shown in FIG. 2a, details are not described herein again.
  • the second AP after receiving the first radio frame sent by the first AP, the second AP further sends a first acknowledgement frame in response to the first radio frame to the first AP.
  • the corresponding first acknowledgement frame is also multiple, so in order to implement the aligned transmission of the multiple first acknowledgement frames, the first radio frame may further include the end of the transmission of the first acknowledgement frame.
  • Time after the plurality of second APs receive the first radio frame, and send, to the first AP, a first acknowledgement frame with the same transmission end time.
  • the second AP sends a second radio frame to the second STA.
  • the step 405 is similar to the step 205 shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the second AP determines the transmission end time of the transmitted second radio frame. In step 205 shown in Figure 2a, the second AP also determines the transmission start time of the second radio frame.
  • the first AP sends a fourth radio frame to the first STA.
  • the step is an optional step, and the step is described based on three scenarios:
  • Scenario 1 The first AP sends a first radio frame to the first STA, that is, the fourth radio frame is the first radio frame.
  • the first radio frame is sent to the associated first STA, and the first radio frame is also sent to the second AP to indicate that the second AP performs downlink transmission alignment.
  • the transmission end time of the radio frame is the same as the transmission end time of the second radio frame.
  • the indication information in the first radio frame may be carried in a physical layer preamble of the first radio frame.
  • Scenario 2 The first AP sends a third radio frame to the first STA, that is, the fourth radio frame is a third radio frame.
  • the third radio frame is sent to the associated first STA, and the first indication information in the first radio frame is used to indicate the transmission duration or the end of the third radio frame.
  • the time is such that the transmission end time of the second radio frame transmitted by the second AP is the same as the transmission end time of the third radio frame.
  • Scenario 3 The first AP does not send a radio frame to the first STA.
  • the first AP may not send a radio frame to the first STA, but merely trigger multiple second APs to send the second radio frame, and implement aligned transmission of multiple second radio frames.
  • the second STA sends a second acknowledgement frame to the second AP.
  • the first STA sends a fourth acknowledgement frame to the first AP.
  • the steps 407 to 408 are similar to the steps 207 to 408 shown in FIG. 2a, and details are not described herein again.
  • the aligned transmission of the uplink acknowledgement frame may be implemented, for example, the aligned transmission of the second acknowledgement frame and the fourth acknowledgement frame, or multiple second acknowledgements.
  • the alignment transmission between frames is as follows:
  • the first radio frame may further include a transmission end time of the second acknowledgement frame, so that after the second AP obtains the transmission end time of the second acknowledgement frame, the second end of the second acknowledgement frame may be indicated by the second radio frame. Giving the second STA, so that after receiving the second radio frame, the second STA sends a second acknowledgement frame to the second AP, and the transmission end time of the second acknowledgement frame is indicated by the first radio frame.
  • the fourth radio frame may include a transmission end time of the fourth acknowledgement frame, where the fourth acknowledgement frame transmits the end time and the second acknowledgement The transmission end time of the frame is the same.
  • the embodiment can implement the alignment transmission between the acknowledgment frames, and there is no case where one STA is transmitting an acknowledgment frame, and another STA is receiving a data frame or a control frame, thereby reducing interference between STAs and APs. Interference between.
  • the first radio frame in this embodiment may also trigger multiple alignment transmissions, and the manner of triggering is the same as the first radio frame in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a.
  • the triggering method is similar, and will not be described here.
  • the multi-AP coordinated scheduling transmission and signaling are implemented by the multi-AP coordinated scheduling, and the coordinated downlink transmission is performed in parallel, thereby reducing interference and improving throughput.
  • each AP should know how high the SIR can be obtained by the STAs associated with each AP when the multiple APs transmit in parallel, so that the AP can select the appropriate MCS when scheduling the STAs to transmit.
  • a channel information prediction method is provided, which is used to predict the SIR of a station and allocate an appropriate MCS to coordinate the transmission rate and the packet loss rate when the multi-AP coordinated scheduling.
  • FIG. 5a is a flowchart of an exemplary information prediction method according to an embodiment of the present application, including:
  • the first AP sends a broadcast frame.
  • the first AP sends a broadcast frame to all the STAs associated with the first AP, where the broadcast frame is used to indicate to the STA associated with the first AP that the second AP needs to perform signal quality detection, where the broadcast frame carries the second AP. Identification information.
  • the second AP includes at least one AP, and the second AP may include the first AP.
  • the identifier information of the second AP may be multiple.
  • the identifier information of the second AP may be the MAC address of the second AP.
  • the identifier information of the second AP may be a partial MAC address of the second AP, or the first AP is an address allocated by the second AP, or an address determined by the second AP itself and indicated to the first AP, so that the first AP includes the address in the broadcast frame, or
  • the identification information of the device (which may be a STA or an AP) in a coupling relationship with the second AP, so that the device forwards the frame sent by the first AP to the second AP, and then forwards the internal interface of the device to the second AP. Second AP. Therefore, the identification information of the second AP is not limited herein.
  • any one or more of the STAs associated with the first AP are referred to as the first STA, and the first AP sends a broadcast frame to the first STA, which is used to trigger the first STA to the second.
  • the channel between the AP and the first STA is detected.
  • the broadcast frame may use an existing management frame of the 802.11 standard, such as a beacon frame (Beacon), a Probe Request frame, or the like, and may also use a non-standard vendor-defined frame format, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • an existing management frame of the 802.11 standard such as a beacon frame (Beacon), a Probe Request frame, or the like
  • Beacon Beacon
  • Probe Request frame or the like
  • non-standard vendor-defined frame format etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the second AP in this embodiment may also receive the broadcast frame sent by the first AP.
  • the first STA receives the radio frame sent by the target AP.
  • the AP that can communicate with the first STA is referred to as the target AP, and it can be understood that the target AP is part or all of the second AP.
  • the first STA receives the radio frame transmitted by the target AP to detect the channel between the first STA and the target AP.
  • the radio frame received by the first STA may be sent by the target AP autonomously, or may be sent by the target AP after being triggered by the first AP, which will be separately described below:
  • Example 1 A radio frame is autonomously transmitted by the target AP.
  • the radio frame may be a beacon frame transmitted by the target AP, and the beacon frame may be used to measure the path loss of the target AP to the beacon frame receiver (ie, the first STA).
  • the beacon frame may carry the measurement report of the target AP itself, and the measurement report may include but is not limited to one or more of the following information: the transmit power of the target AP, the signal receiving level and the power of the device around the target AP. .
  • Example 2 A radio frame is sent after the target AP is triggered by the first AP.
  • the broadcast frame in step 501 is also used to trigger the second AP to sequentially transmit a null data packet (NDP), and the broadcast frame further includes sequence indication information, where the sequence indication information is used to indicate the The order in which the two APs send NDP frames.
  • NDP null data packet
  • the broadcast frame may be an enhanced-null data packet announcement (E-NDPA) frame.
  • E-NDPA enhanced-null data packet announcement
  • the second AP after receiving the broadcast frame sent by the first AP, the second AP sends the NDP frame in sequence according to the sequence indication information in the broadcast frame, where the inter-frame interval may be SIFS.
  • the inter-frame interval may be a default interval or may be customized by the first AP.
  • the broadcast frame further carries indication information of the inter-frame spacing.
  • FIG. 5b is an exemplary transmission diagram of the present embodiment.
  • AP1 broadcasts an E-NDPA frame (which can be understood as a broadcast frame), so AP1 to AP3 according to the E-NDPA frame.
  • the NDP frame is sent in sequence, for example, AP1 sends an NDP1 frame first, AP2 sends an NDP2 frame, and AP3 finally sends an NDP3 frame.
  • the AP1 may also send a trigger (Trigger) frame, which is used to trigger the first STA to send a feedback (Feedback) frame. Therefore, after receiving the Trigger frame, the first STA responds according to the received NDP1 frame to the NDP3 frame. Feedback1 frame to Feedback3 frame.
  • the broadcast frame may further include identifier information of the STA that needs to detect the channel, and the identifier information of the STA that needs to detect the channel may be a MAC address or an IP address.
  • the difference is that in the first example, the first STA receives a radio frame (such as a beacon frame) autonomously transmitted by the second AP, and further detects the channel according to the received signal strength of the beacon frame.
  • a radio frame such as a beacon frame
  • each second AP sends an NDP frame in the order indicated by the first AP, so that the first AP detects the channel according to the received NDP frame.
  • the first STA determines channel quality information of the target channel according to the radio frame.
  • the first STA further needs to determine the target AP according to the received NDP frame, including: the first STA according to the second in the broadcast frame.
  • the indication information obtains the order in which the second AP sends the NDP frame, and determines the target AP that sends the radio frame by the sequence of the received radio frame. For example, the AP1 first sends the NDP1, and then the AP2 sends the NDP2, and the AP3 sends the NDP3.
  • the first STA receives the second NDP, that is, the NDP2
  • the first AP sends the NDP frame in the order of the second AP
  • the target AP that sends the second NDP is the AP2.
  • the first STA determines channel quality information of the target channel (ie, the channel between the first STA and the target AP) according to the radio frame. Specifically, the first STA may obtain a received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the target AP or a transmit power of the target AP according to the measurement report of the target AP carried by the radio frame. Therefore, the channel quality information of the target channel determined by the first STA may be the RSSI of the target AP, the transmission power of the target AP, and the path loss between the target AP and the first STA. In this embodiment, the content of the channel quality information of the target channel may be multiple, which is not limited herein.
  • RSSI received signal strength indication
  • the content of the channel quality information of the target channel may be multiple, which is not limited herein.
  • the first STA needs to calculate the channel quality information by using the transmit power and the RSSI of the target AP, and the specific calculation manner may be:
  • Path loss TX Power+Gr+Gt-RSSI, where TX Power represents the transmit power of the target AP, Gr represents the receive antenna gain, Gt represents the transmit antenna gain, RSSI represents the signal receive strength of the target AP, and Gr and Gt are pre- Set the value. It should be noted that, in practical applications, there are various ways to calculate path loss, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first STA receives the trigger frame sent by the first AP.
  • the first STA may further receive a trigger frame sent by the first AP, where the trigger frame is used to trigger the first STA to send a feedback frame, and the trigger frame may include resource configuration indication information, where the resource configuration indication information is used. Instructing each of the first STAs to reply to the radio channel resource used by the feedback frame, where the resource configuration information may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following information: RU allocation information of the first STA, spatial flow (spatial and time) Stream, STS) information or orthogonal code.
  • the trigger frame generated by the first AP may be designed based on a Trigger frame defined by the 802.11ax standard, as shown in FIG. 5c to FIG. 5c, where FIG. 5c is an exemplary Trigger defined by the 802.11ax standard.
  • the frame structure diagram of the frame, the composition of the Trigger frame includes multiple parts, such as Frame Control, Common info, User info, and the like.
  • Figure 5d is a schematic diagram of the information contained in the Common info portion of the Trigger frame shown in Figure 5c.
  • Figure 5e is a schematic diagram of the information contained in the User Info portion of the Trigger frame shown in Figure 5c.
  • Table 4 is an exemplary Trigger Type. Table of correspondence between values and types of subdomains:
  • the value of the Trigger Type subfield can be set to a specific value.
  • the Trigger Type subfield takes a value between 8 and 15.
  • the first STA determines the channel quality information of the target channel by using the steps 502 and 503, and the first STA receives the trigger frame sent by the first AP by using the step 504, and there is no sequence of steps between the two processes.
  • step 502 and step 503 may be performed first, or step 504 may be performed first, or may be performed at the same time, which is not limited herein.
  • the first STA sends a feedback frame to the first AP.
  • the first STA In response to the trigger frame sent by the first AP, the first STA sends a feedback frame to the first AP, where the feedback frame includes channel quality information of the target channel, where the target channel is a channel between the first STA and the target AP.
  • the feedback frame includes the identification information of the target AP to indicate to the first AP which AP is detected.
  • the identifier information of the target AP may be the MAC address of the target AP.
  • the short ID may be used as the identifier of the target AP, and the specific operations are as follows:
  • the broadcast frame in the step 501 further includes a fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate a short ID of each second AP, as shown in FIG. 5f, which is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an exemplary broadcast frame.
  • Each AP info field contains a corresponding MAC Address and a Feedback ID (ie, a short ID). Therefore, correspondingly, when the first STA sends the feedback frame to the first AP, the feedback frame carries the short ID indication to indicate the identification information of the target AP, as shown in FIG. 5g, which is a frame structure diagram of an exemplary feedback frame.
  • each AP Feedback info field contains a corresponding Feedback ID (ie, short ID) and channel quality information (such as RSSI).
  • the channel quality information included in the feedback frame sent by the first STA may be multiple, for example, may include the RSSI of the target AP, and the transmit power information of the target AP, as shown in FIG. 5h, which is an exemplary Schematic diagram of the frame structure of the feedback frame.
  • each AP Feedback info field contains the corresponding Feedback ID, TX Power and RSSI.
  • the channel quality information may further include a path loss between the first STA and the target AP, where the value of the path loss is calculated by the first STA by using the transmit power and the RSSI of the target AP, as shown in FIG. 5i, being another A schematic diagram of a frame structure of an exemplary feedback frame.
  • each AP Feedback info field includes a corresponding feedback ID, path loss, and the like.
  • the first STA may receive the NDP frame of the first AP and the second AP, and the first STA may calculate the SIR or the interference signal of the second AP according to the received power of the two NDP frames.
  • An interference to signal ratio (ISR) and carries the SIR or ISR of the second AP in the feedback frame.
  • the content included in the feedback frame sent by the first STA to the first AP is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first AP predicts an SIR of the first STA according to channel quality information of the target channel.
  • the channel quality information of the channel directly or indirectly obtains the path loss between the target AP and the first STA, and then calculates the SIR of the first STA.
  • an information prediction method is further provided in the application, including: each AP maintains a listening channel, and obtains an RSSI of each STA (including a STA of the local cell and another STA) according to the result of the monitoring, and then obtains The RSSI information is sent to other APs. After acquiring the RSSI information sent by other APs, each AP can calculate the SIR of each STA in parallel transmission, thereby serving as an input for coordinated scheduling transmission of multiple APs. For ease of understanding, for example, suppose there are two APs, AP1 and AP2, where AP1 is associated with STA1 and AP2 is associated with STA2.
  • AP1 will monitor the signals of STA1 and STA2, and AP2 will also monitor the signals of STA1 and STA2.
  • AP1 sends the signal strengths of STA1 and STA2 to AP2, if AP2 needs to obtain the SIR of STA2 in parallel transmission, it can be obtained by dividing the signal strength of STA2 monitored by AP2 and the signal strength of STA2 sent by AP1.
  • the information prediction method shown in FIG. 5a can be applied not only to the scenario of the multi-AP coordination method in the embodiment of the present application, but also to other scenarios that require information prediction before data transmission.
  • the application scenario of the information prediction method provided in FIG. 5a is not limited herein.
  • the multi-AP coordination method in the embodiment of the present application has been described above.
  • the apparatus for coordinated transmission of multiple access points AP is described in detail below from the perspective of hardware processing.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device 600 for multi-access point AP coordinated transmission in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the device 600 may be configured as the foregoing first access point AP, and the device 600 may include: 602, computer readable storage medium/memory 603, transceiver 604, input device 605 and output device 606, and bus 601. Among them, a processor, a transceiver, a computer readable storage medium, and the like are connected through a bus.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific connecting medium between the above components.
  • the transceiver 604 is configured to support communication between the first AP and the second access point AP in the foregoing embodiment, and further support the first AP to associate with the first access point AP in the foregoing embodiment. Communication between a STA may perform the transceiving process involving the first AP and/or other processes for the techniques described herein in Figures 2a through 5i.
  • the transceiver 604 can be configured to send at least the first radio frame to the second access point AP, where the first radio frame includes indication information for indicating a transmission duration of the second radio frame sent by the second AP.
  • the transceiver 604 can also perform step 208 in Figure 2a, step 306 and step 310 in Figure 3a, step 408 in Figure 4a, and step 501, step 504 and step 505 in Figure 5a.
  • transceiver 604 can also be used to perform other processes and methods of the techniques described herein.
  • the processor 602 is configured to perform control and management on the action of the foregoing first AP, and is used to perform the processing performed by the first AP in the foregoing embodiment, and may perform the processing procedure involving the first AP in FIG. 2a to FIG. 5i and/or Other processes of the techniques described herein may be responsible for managing the bus and executing programs or instructions stored in the memory.
  • the processor 602 can perform steps 201 through 203 in FIG. 2a, steps 301 through 303 in FIG. 3a, steps 401 through 403 in FIG. 4a, and step 506 in FIG. 5a.
  • the computer readable storage medium/memory 603 stores programs, instructions or data for carrying out the technical solutions of the present application.
  • computer readable storage medium/memory 603 can include instructions sufficient to allow device 600 to transmit a first wireless frame to one or more second APs, and can also include sufficient to allow device 600 to transmit during the second wireless frame.
  • the first station STA sends an instruction for the third radio frame, and may further comprise other means sufficient to allow the apparatus 600 to implement the transceiving process involving the first AP in FIGS. 2a through 5i, the processing procedure, and/or the techniques described herein. process.
  • FIG. 6 only shows a simplified design of the first AP.
  • the first AP can include any number of transceivers, processors, memories, etc., and all can implement the first application of the present application. APs are all within the scope of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device 700 for multi-access point AP coordinated transmission in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the device 700 may be configured as the foregoing second AP, and the device 700 includes: a processor 702, a computer The storage medium/memory 703, the transceiver 704, the input device 705 and the output device 706, and the bus 701 are read.
  • a processor, a transceiver, a computer readable storage medium, and the like are connected through a bus.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific connecting medium between the above components.
  • the transceiver 704 is configured to support communication between the second AP and the first AP, and further support communication between the second AP and one or more second STAs associated with the second access point AP in the foregoing embodiment. Communication or interaction processes involving the second AP in Figures 2a through 4d and/or other processes for the techniques described herein may be performed.
  • the transceiver 704 can be configured to receive the first radio frame that is sent by the first AP, and can also be used to send the second radio frame to the second STA after the first radio frame.
  • the transceiver 704 is further configured to perform step 204, step 205, and step 207 in FIG. 2a, step 304 to step 307 in FIG. 3a, and step 404, step 405, and step 407 in FIG. 4a.
  • transceiver 904 can also be used to perform other processes and methods of the techniques described herein.
  • the processor 702 is configured to perform control management on the action of the second AP, and is used to perform the processing performed by the second AP in the foregoing embodiment, and may perform the processing involving the second AP in FIG. 2a to FIG. 4d and/or Other processes of the techniques described herein may be responsible for managing the bus and executing programs or instructions stored in the memory.
  • computer readable storage medium/memory 703 can include instructions sufficient to allow device 700 to receive a first wireless frame transmitted by the first AP described above, and can also include sufficient to allow device 700 to receive a second wireless frame after receiving the first wireless frame
  • the instructions to transmit the second radio frame may also include other processes sufficient to allow the apparatus 700 to implement the transceiving process, processing, and/or techniques described herein with respect to the second AP of Figures 2a through 4d.
  • FIG. 7 only shows a simplified design of the second AP.
  • the second AP can include any number of transceivers, processors, memories, etc., and all can implement the second of the present application. APs are all within the scope of this application.
  • the processor involved in the foregoing apparatus 600 and apparatus 700 may be a general-purpose processor, such as a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a microprocessor, etc., or may be an application-specific integrated circuit (application). -specific integrated circBIt, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application. It can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the controller/processor may also be a combination of computing functions, such as one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.
  • the processor typically performs logical and arithmetic operations based on program instructions stored in the memory.
  • the computer readable storage medium/memory 603 and the computer readable storage medium/memory 703 referred to above may also hold an operating system and other applications.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the above memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), storable information, and Other types of dynamic storage devices, disk storage, and the like.
  • the memory 603 can be a combination of the above types of storage.
  • the computer readable storage medium/memory described above may be distributed in the processor, external to the processor, or on multiple entities including the processor or processing circuitry.
  • the computer readable storage medium/memory described above may be embodied in a computer program product.
  • a computer program product can include a computer readable medium in a packaging material.
  • device 600 and device 700 may also be configured as a general purpose processing system, such as generally referred to as a chip, the general purpose processing system including: one or more microprocessors providing processor functionality; and an external portion providing at least a portion of the storage medium Memory, all of which are connected to other supporting circuits through an external bus architecture.
  • the general purpose processing system including: one or more microprocessors providing processor functionality; and an external portion providing at least a portion of the storage medium Memory, all of which are connected to other supporting circuits through an external bus architecture.
  • the memory stored instructions are executed by the processor, causing the processor to perform the multi-AP coordinated transmission method of the first AP in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 2a to 4d, and the channels in the embodiments described in Figures 5a to 5i
  • Some or all of the steps of the information prediction method such as step 201 to step 203 in FIG. 2a, step 301 to step 303 in FIG. 3a, step 401 to step 403 in FIG.
  • the processor is caused to perform some or all of the steps of the multi-AP coordinated transmission method of the second AP in the embodiment described in Figures 2a to 4d, and/or other processes for the techniques described herein.
  • causing the processor to perform some or all of the steps of the channel information prediction method of the first STA in the embodiment described in Figures 5a to 5i, such as step 503 in Figure 5a, and/or for use in the present application Other processes of technology.
  • the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented in a hardware or may be implemented by a processor executing software instructions.
  • the software instructions may be comprised of corresponding software modules that may be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor to enable the processor to read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can be located in the user equipment.
  • the processor and the storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the user equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device, which may be a chip, and the device may include a memory, wherein the memory is used to store instructions.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • a computer readable storage medium A number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种多接入点AP协调方法以及相关装置。本申请实施例方法包括：第一接入点AP生成第一无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧包含用于指示第二接入点AP发送的第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；所述第一接入点AP向所述第二接入点AP发送所述第一无线帧；和，所述第一接入点AP在所述第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与所述第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧。

Description

一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法以及相关装置
本申请要求于2018年2月8日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810133190.2、发明名称为“一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法以及相关装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法以及相关装置。
背景技术
随着无线网络的发展以及无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)技术的不断普及，WLAN设备变得越来越密集。由于无线接入点(access point，AP)易于部署，越来越密集的AP也带来了更多的小区间干扰。如何通过AP之间的协作来降低小区间干扰，提升用户的服务质量，也成为了下一代WiFi技术需要考虑的问题。
现有技术中可以采用协调波束成形(coordinated beamforming，co-BF)技术来降低小区间干扰。co-BF技术可以使有效信道之间保持较低的相关性，例如，如图1a所示，为现有技术中的一种示例性的co-BF技术的示意图，该图中，AP1与站点(station，STA)1关联，AP2与STA2关联。在AP1与STA1、AP2与STA2进行数据传输之前，AP1需要获取AP1与STA1之间下行信道的信道状态信息(channel state information，CSI)，然后根据CSI进行联合波束成形，使得波束打向STA1的同时，避开STA2的方向，从而避免对STA2的干扰，另外，AP2也是同理。因此，在采用co-BF的场景下，不仅可以实现两个AP的并发传输，而且还能避免两个传输之间的干扰，并可有效提升网络的整体吞吐率。
然而，CSI的获取过程较为复杂，同时会占用一定的信道资源，当用户数量较多，信道变化较快时，CSI反馈是一笔不小的开销。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种多接入点AP协调传输方法以及相关装置，用于解决现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题。
本申请实施例的第一方面提供了一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法，包括：第一接入点AP生成第一无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧包含指示信息，该指示信息用来指示第二接入点AP发送的第二无线帧的传输时长。第一接入点AP生成该第一无线帧后，向该第二接入点AP发送该第一无线帧；且该第一接入点AP在该第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧。本申请实施例中，第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，使得至少一个第二接入点AP可以根据该第一无线帧同时向第二站点STA发送传输时长相同的第二无线帧，通过发送控制信息的方式实现了多个接入点AP的同步，解决了现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该指示信息包括第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP指示第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间，使得 第二接入点AP能够通过该指示确定第二无线帧的传输时长。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三无线帧的发送时间和该第二无线帧的发送时间相同。本实现方式中，第三无线帧与第二无线帧的发送时间相同，减小了第一接入点AP和第二接入点AP之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三无线帧的发送时间在第二无线帧的发送时间之前。本实现方式中，第三无线帧的发送时间还可以早于第二无线帧的发送时间，则第一站点STA和第二站点STA，可以在第二无线帧和第三无线帧中，结束时间较晚的无线帧传输结束后，第一站点STA再发送响应于第三无线帧的确认帧，第二站点STA再发送响应于第二无线帧的确认帧。避免了一个接入点AP在发送，另一个接入点AP在接收的情况，减小了第一AP与第二AP之间的干扰值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该指示信息包括第二接入点AP的标识信息。本实现方式中，第一无线帧还可包含第二接入点AP的标识信息，便于多个第二AP根据该标识信息确定是否参与到与第一接入点AP的协调传输中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一无线帧中还携带以下中的一个或者多个：该第二接入点AP的发送功率信息；该第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息；该第一站点STA的标识信息；该第一站点STA的发送功率信息；该第一接入点AP的发送功率信息。本实现方式中，第一无线帧还可以携带其他多种指示信息，增加了多AP联合资源管理的功能。通过协调第二接入点AP的发送功率以及第一接入点发送功率信息，可有效控制第一接入点AP对第二站点STA的干扰，第二接入点AP对第一站点STA的干扰。通过向第二接入点AP指示第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息，使得第二接入点AP控制第二站点STA的发送功率，以避免第二站点STA对第一接入点AP的干扰值超过第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息。通过向第二接入点AP指示第一站点STA的标识信息和该第一站点STA的发送功率信息，使得第二接入点AP能预测第一站点STA对第二接入点AP的干扰值，即可有效控制第一站点STA对第二接入点AP的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第三无线帧的传输时长与第二无线帧的传输时长相同。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP将第二无线帧的传输时长配置为与第三无线帧的传输时长相同，使得第二无线帧的结束时间可以与第三无线帧的结束时间对齐，减小了第一接入点AP与第二接入点AP之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧之前，还包括：该第一接入点AP确定该第二接入点AP；该第一接入点AP向该第二接入点AP分配资源调度信息，该资源调度信息用于指示该第二接入点AP发送该第二无线帧所使用的信道资源。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP为第二接入点AP分配第二接入点AP发送第二无线帧所使用的信道资源，增加了第二接入点AP发送第二无线帧的效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧之前，还包括：该第一接入点AP成功竞争到信道，以传输该第一无线帧；或，该第一接入点AP接收成功竞争到信道的接入点AP发送的请求帧，该请求帧用于请求该第一接入点AP使用该信道发送该第一无线帧。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP可以自身竞争信道来传输第一无线 帧，也可以使用其他AP竞争到的信道来传输第一无线帧，增加了第一接入点AP传输第一无线帧的灵活性。
本申请实施例的第二方面提供了一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法，包括：第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧包含用于指示第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；接收到该第一无线帧后，在该第一接入点AP向与该第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧的发送期间内，该第二接入点AP向与该第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送第二无线帧。本申请实施例中，第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，使得至少一个第二接入点AP可以根据该第一无线帧同时向第二站点STA发送传输时长相同的第二无线帧，通过发送控制信息的方式实现了多个接入点AP的同步，解决了现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该指示信息包括第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP通过第一无线帧向第二接入点AP指示第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间，使得第二接入点AP能够通过该指示确定第二无线帧的传输时长。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二无线帧的发送时间和该第三无线帧的发送时间相同，其中，该第三无线帧为该第一接入点AP在该第二无线帧的发送期间，向与该第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送，该第三无线帧的传输时长与该第二无线帧的传输时长相同。本实现方式中，说明了第三无线帧与第二无线帧的发送时间相同，减小了第一接入点AP和第二接入点AP之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二无线帧的发送时间在第三无线帧的发送时间之前。本实现方式中，第二无线帧的发送时间还可以早于第三无线帧的发送时间，则第一站点STA和第二站点STA，可以在第二无线帧和第三无线帧中，结束时间较晚的无线帧传输结束后，第一站点STA再发送响应于第三无线帧的确认帧，第二站点STA再发送响应于第二无线帧的确认帧。避免了一个接入点AP在发送，另一个接入点AP在接收的情况，减小了第一AP与第二AP之间的干扰值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该指示信息包括第二接入点AP的标识信息。本实现方式中，第一无线帧还可包含第二接入点AP的标识信息，便于多个第二AP根据该标识信息确定是否参与到与第一接入点AP的协调传输中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一无线帧中还携带以下中的一个或者多个：该第二接入点AP的发送功率信息；该第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息；该第一站点STA的标识信息；该第一站点STA的发送功率信息；该第一接入点AP的发送功率信息。本实现方式中，第一无线帧还可以携带其他多种指示信息，增加了多AP联合资源管理的功能。通过协调第二接入点AP的发送功率以及第一接入点发送功率信息，可有效控制第一接入点AP对第二站点STA的干扰，第二接入点AP对第一站点STA的干扰。通过向第二接入点AP指示第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息，使得第二接入点AP控制第二站点STA的发送功率，以避免第二站点STA对第一接入点AP的干扰值超过第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息。通过向第二接入点AP指示第一站点STA的标识信息和该第一站点STA的发送功率信息，使得第二接入点AP能预测第一站点STA对第二接入点AP的干扰值，即可 有效控制第一站点STA对第二接入点AP的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二无线帧的传输时长与第三无线帧的传输时长相同。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP将第二无线帧的传输时长配置为与第三无线帧的传输时长相同，使得第二无线帧的结束时间可以与第三无线帧的结束时间对齐，减小了第一接入点AP与第二接入点AP之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧之前，还包括：当第二接入点AP成功竞争到信道时，该第二接入点AP向第一接入点AP发送请求帧，该请求帧用于请求第一接入点AP使用该信道发送第一无线帧。本实现方式中，提供了一种第一接入点AP接入信道的方式，使得第一接入点AP能够根据第二接入点AP竞争到的信道传输第一无线帧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该指示信息还包括资源调度信息，该资源调度信息用于指示第二接入点AP发送第二无线帧所使用的信道资源。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP为第二接入点AP分配发送第二无线帧所使用的信道资源，增加了第二接入点AP发送第二无线帧的效率。
本申请实施例的第三方面提供了一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法，包括：第一接入点AP生成第一无线帧。生成第一无线帧后，该第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送该第一无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧用于触发第二接入点AP向与第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送第二无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧包含第一指示信息，以使得该第二接入点AP根据该第一指示信息确定该第二无线帧的传输结束时间。本申请实施例中，第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，触发第二接入点AP向第二站点STA发送第二无线帧，且第二接入点AP可以根据第一无线帧中的第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间，可实现多个第二接入点AP在相同时间结束传输，即不会出现一个AP在发送，另一个AP在接收的情况，减小了AP之间以及STA之间的干扰。
本申请实施例的第四方面提供了一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法，包括：第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，该第一无线帧携带有第一指示信息；该第二接入点AP根据该第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间；该第二接入点AP向该第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送该第二无线帧。本申请实施例中，第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，并根据第一无线帧中的第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间，可实现多个第二接入点AP在相同时间结束传输，即不会出现一个AP在发送，另一个AP在接收的情况，减小了AP之间以及STA之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示该第一无线帧的传输结束时间或者该第一无线帧的传输时长，该第一无线帧的传输结束时间与该第二无线帧的传输结束时间相同。该第二接入点AP根据该第一指示信息确定该第二无线帧的传输结束时间包括：该第二接入点AP将该第一无线帧的传输结束时间确定为该第二无线帧的传输结束时间；或，该第二接入点AP根据该第一无线帧的传输时长和该第一无线帧的传输开始时间确定该第一无线帧的传输结束时间，该第一无线帧的传输结束时间与该第二无线帧的传输结束时间相等。本实现方式中，第二接入点AP发送第二无线帧的传输结束时间与第一接入点AP发 送第一无线帧的传输结束时间相同，则不会出现一个接入点在发送，另一个接入点在接收的情况，对应的，也不会出现一个站点在接收数据，另一个站点在发送确认帧的情况，可以避免接入点之间的干扰，以及站点之间的干扰。
本申请实施例的第五方面提供了一种信道信息预测方法，包括：第一站点STA从第一接入点AP接收广播帧，其中该广播帧包含第二接入点AP的标识信息，且该广播帧用于触发该第一站点STA对第二接入点AP与第一站点STA之间信道的检测。其中，第一站点STA与第一接入点AP关联。该第一站点STA根据接收到的目标AP发送的无线帧确定目标信道的信道质量信息，该目标信道为目标AP与该第一站点STA之间的信道，该目标AP包含于该第二接入点AP；该第一站点STA向该第一接入点AP发送反馈帧，该反馈帧包含该目标信道的信道质量信息。本申请实施例中，通过第一站点STA反馈的目标信道的信道质量信息，使得第一接入点AP在调度第一站点STA进行传输时，可选择合适的MCS，达到传输速率和丢包率的平衡。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该广播帧还可以包含有顺序指示信息，其中，该顺序指示信息用于指示该第二接入点AP顺序广播零数据报文NDP。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP可以指示第二接入点AP顺序发送NDP，使得第一站点STA根据多个第二接入点AP顺序发送的NDP来测量信道信息，相对于第一站点STA通过接收，多个第二接入点AP间隔不同的时间发送的信标帧，来测量信道信息，更加有序高效。
在一种可能的实现方式中，目标AP发送的无线帧可以为NDP，该第一站点STA接收目标AP发送的无线帧之后，该第一站点STA向该第一接入点AP发送反馈帧之前，还包括：该第一站点STA根据该顺序指示信息确定哪个AP是该目标AP。本实现方式中，第一站点STA接收到无线帧之后，需根据顺序指示信息确定哪个AP发送的该无线帧，使得第一站点STA在向第一接入点AP反馈时，可以让第一接入点AP获知，检测的是第一站点STA与哪个接入点之间的信道。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一站点STA向该第一接入点AP发送反馈帧之前，还包括：该第一站点STA接收第一接入点AP发送的触发帧，其中该触发帧用于触发该第一站点STA发送该反馈帧，该触发帧包含资源调度信息，该资源调度信息用于指示该第一站点STA发送该反馈帧所使用的信道资源；或，该第一站点STA成功竞争到信道，该信道用于发送该反馈帧。本实现方式中，提供了第一站点STA发送反馈帧的两种方式，包括使用第一接入点AP分配的信道资源来发送反馈帧，或者，通过竞争到的信道来发送反馈帧，其中，使用第一接入点AP分配的信道资源来发送反馈帧，使得第一STA可以不用竞争信道，增加了第一站点STA发送反馈帧的效率。
本申请实施例的第六方面提供了一种信道信息预测方法，包括：第一接入点AP向该第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送广播帧，该广播帧携带有第二接入点AP的标识信息，该广播帧用于触发该第一站点STA对第二接入点AP与第一站点STA之间的信道进行检测。该第一接入点AP再接收该第一站点STA发送的反馈帧，该反馈帧携带有该第一站点STA检测到的目标信道的信道质量信息，其中该目标信道为目标AP与该第一站点STA之间的信道，该目标AP为与第一站点STA进行通信的AP，且该目标AP包含于该第二接入点AP。本申请 实施例中，第一接入点AP通过广播帧触发第一站点STA对第二接入点AP与第一站点STA之间的信道进行检测，并接收到第一站点STA反馈的第二接入点AP能检测到的目标信道的信道质量信息，使得第一接入点AP能够根据该目标信道的信道质量信息预测第一站点STA的信干比，进而在调度第一站点STA进行传输时，第一接入点AP可选择合适的MCS，达到传输速率和丢包率的平衡。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一接入点AP接收该第一站点STA发送的反馈帧之后，该方法还包括：该第一接入点AP根据该目标AP的信道质量信息确定该第一站点STA的信干比SIR。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP确定第一站点STA的SIR，可在调度第一站点STA进行传输时，选择合适的MCS，以达到传输数据和丢包率的平衡。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一接入点AP接收该第一站点STA发送的反馈帧之前，还包括：该第一接入点AP向该第一站点STA发送触发帧，该触发帧用于触发该第一站点STA发送该反馈帧，该触发帧中携带有资源调度信息，该资源调度信息用于指示该第一站点STA发送该反馈帧所使用的信道资源。本实现方式中，提供了第一站点STA发送反馈帧的一种方式，包括使用第一接入点AP分配的信道资源来发送反馈帧，提高了第一站点STA发送反馈帧的效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该广播帧还携带有顺序指示信息，该顺序指示信息用于指示该第二接入点AP发送空数据分组NDP的顺序，以使得该第一站点STA根据接收到的该NDP对该第二接入点AP与该第一站点STA之间的信道进行信号质量检测。本实现方式中，第一接入点AP可以指示第二接入点AP顺序发送NDP，使得第一站点STA根据多个第二接入点AP顺序发送的NDP来测量信道信息，相对于第一站点STA通过接收，多个第二接入点AP间隔不同的时间发送的信标帧，来测量信道信息，更加有序高效。
本申请实施例的第七方面提供了一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，该装置应用于第一接入点AP侧，包括：处理器，用于生成第一无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧包含用于指示第二接入点AP发送的第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；收发器，用于向该第二接入点AP发送该第一无线帧；和，收发器，还用于在该第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与该第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧。本申请实施例中，收发器向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，使得至少一个第二接入点AP可以根据该第一无线帧同时向第二站点STA发送传输时长相同的第二无线帧，通过发送控制信息的方式实现了多个接入点AP的同步，解决了现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题。
本申请实施例的第八方面提供了一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，该装置应用于第二接入点AP侧，包括：收发器，用于接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧包含第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；在第一接入点AP向与第一接入点关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧的发送期间内，该收发器，还用于向与该第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送该第二无线帧。本申请实施例中，收发器接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，并根据该第一无线帧同时向第二站点STA发送传输时长相同的第二无线帧，通过发送控制信息的方式实现了多个接入点AP的同步，解决了现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题。
本申请实施例的第九方面提供了一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，该装置应用于第一接入点AP侧，包括：处理器，用于生成第一无线帧；收发器，用于向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，该第一无线帧用于触发该第二接入点AP向该第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送第二无线帧；其中，该第一无线帧包含第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于使得该第二接入点AP确定该第二无线帧的传输结束时间。本申请实施例中，收发器向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，触发第二接入点AP向第二站点STA发送第二无线帧，以使得第二接入点AP可以根据第一无线帧中的第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间，可实现多个第二接入点AP在相同时间结束传输，即不会出现一个AP在发送，另一个AP在接收的情况，减小了AP之间以及STA之间的干扰。
本申请实施例的第十方面提供了一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，该装置应用于第二接入点AP侧，包括：收发器，用于接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，该第一无线帧携带有第一指示信息；确定单元，用于根据该第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间；该收发器，还用于向该第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送该第二无线帧。本申请实施例中，收发器接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，确定单元进而根据第一无线帧中的第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间，可实现多个第二接入点AP在相同时间结束传输，即不会出现一个AP在发送，另一个AP在接收的情况，减小了AP之间以及STA之间的干扰。
本申请实施例的第十一方面提供了一种用于信道信息检测的装置，该装置应用于第一站点STA侧，包括：收发器，用于接收第一接入点AP发送的广播帧，该广播帧包含第二接入点AP的标识信息，该广播帧用于触发该第一站点STA对该第二接入点AP与该第一站点STA之间信道的检测，该第一站点STA与该第一接入点AP关联；确定单元，用于根据接收到的目标AP发送的无线帧确定该目标信道的信道质量信息，该目标信道为目标AP与该第一站点STA之间的信道，该目标AP包含于该第二接入点AP；收发器还用于，向该第一接入点AP发送反馈帧，该反馈帧包含该目标信道的信道质量信息。本申请实施例中，通过第一站点STA反馈的目标信道的信道质量信息，使得第一接入点AP在调度第一站点STA进行传输时，可选择合适的MCS，达到传输速率和丢包率的平衡。
本申请实施例的第十二方面提供了一种用于信道信息检测的装置，该装置应用于第一接入点AP侧，包括：收发器，用于向该第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送广播帧，该广播帧携带有第二接入点AP的标识信息，该广播帧用于触发该第一站点STA对该第二接入点AP与该第一站点STA之间的信道进行检测；接收该第一站点STA发送的反馈帧，该反馈帧携带有该第一站点STA检测到的目标信道的信道质量信息，该目标信道为目标AP与该第一站点STA之间的信道，该目标AP包含于该第二接入点AP。本申请实施例中，收发器通过广播帧触发第一站点STA对第二接入点AP与第一站点STA之间的信道进行检测，并接收到第一站点STA反馈的第二接入点AP能检测到的目标信道的信道质量信息，使得第一接入点AP能够根据该目标信道的信道质量信息预测第一站点STA的信干比，进而在调度第一站点STA进行传输时，第一接入点AP可选择合适的MCS，达到传输速率和丢包率的平衡。
本申请实施例的第十三方面提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置具有实现上述方法设计 中第一接入点AP行为或者第二接入点AP行为的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。该模块可以是软件和/或硬件。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置包括存储单元、处理单元以及通信单元。
其中，存储单元，用于存储该通信装置所需的程序代码和数据；处理单元，用于调用该程序代码，对该通信装置的动作进行控制管理；通信单元，用于支持通信装置与其他设备的通信。
在一个可能的实现方式中，该通信装置的结构中包括处理器、存储器、基带电路、射频电路、天线和总线，其中，处理器、存储器、基带电路、射频电路和天线通过总线相连接；该存储器中存储有相应的操作指令；处理器通过执行上述操作指令，控制射频电路、基带电路和天线工作，从而支持第一接入点AP或者第二接入点AP执行如上述方法中相应的功能。
本申请实施例的又一方面提供了一种站点，该站点具有实现上述方法实施例中站点的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
本申请实施例的又一方面提供了一种站点，包括：处理器、存储器、总线、发射器和接收器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，该处理器与该存储器通过该总线连接，当该站点运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该站点执行如上述第五方面中任意一项的信道信息预测方法。
本申请实施例的又一方面提供了一种装置，该装置包括存储器，该存储器用于存储指令。当存储器存储的指令被处理器执行时，支持处理器实现上述第一接入点AP或者第二接入点AP或者第一站点STA执行上述方法中相应的功能，例如发送或处理上述方法中所涉及的数据和/或信息。该装置可以包括芯片，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请实施例的又一方面提供了一种系统，该系统包括前述第一方面的第一接入点AP和第二方面的第二接入点AP；或者，包括前述第三方面的第一接入点AP和第四方面的第二接入点AP；或者，包括前述第五方面的第一站点STA和前述第六方面的第一接入点AP；或者，包括前述第七方面的第一接入点AP和第八方面的第二接入点AP；或者，包括前述第九方面的第一接入点AP和第十方面的第二接入点AP；或者，包括前述第十一方面的第一接入点AP和第十二方面的第二接入点AP。
本申请实施例的又一方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
本申请实施例的又一方面提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本申请实施例中，第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，使得至少一个第二接入点AP可以根据该第一无线帧同时向第二站点STA发送传输时长相同的第二无线帧，通过发送控制信息的方式实现了多个接入点AP的同步，即不会出现一个AP在发送，另一个AP在接收的情况，减小了AP之间以及STA之间的干扰。
附图说明
图1a为现有技术中的一种示例性的co-BF技术的示意图；
图1b为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的系统架构图；
图2a为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的多接入点AP协调传输的方法的流程图；
图2b为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的第一无线帧的帧格式示意图；
图2c为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的第一无线帧的帧格式示意图；
图2d为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的同步且对齐传输示意图；
图2e为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的同步且对齐传输示意图；
图2f为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的传输示意图；
图3a为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的多AP协调传输的方法的流程图；
图3b为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的同步且对齐传输示意图；
图3c为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的同步且对齐传输示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的多AP协调传输的方法的流程图；
图4b为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的下行对齐传输示意图；
图4c为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的下行对齐传输示意图；
图4d为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的下行对齐传输示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的信息预测方法的流程图；
图5b为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的传输示意图；
图5c为标准定义的一种示例性的Trigger帧的帧结构图；
图5d为触发帧Trigger中公共信息字段Common info部分示例性包含的信息的示意图；
图5e为Trigger帧中用户信息字段User Info部分可能包含的信息的示意图；
图5f为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的广播帧的帧结构示意图；
图5g为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的反馈帧的帧结构示意图；
图5h为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的反馈帧的帧结构示意图；
图5i为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的反馈帧的帧结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的用于多AP协调传输的装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一示例性的用于多AP协调传输的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种多AP协调传输的方法和相关装置，用于解决现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
本申请实施例提供了多AP协调传输的方法，可应用于无线局域网，如图1b所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的系统架构图，该系统中，至少包括2个无线接入点AP1和AP2，以及两个站点STA1和STA2，其中，STA1为与AP1关联的站点，STA2为与AP2关 联的站点。本申请实施例中，可以通过第一AP1与第二AP2交互控制信息，来实现各AP与关联的STA进行传输时，各传输之间的协调性，以解决现有技术中获取CSI时导致的占用较多信道资源的问题，并减小传输干扰。
可以理解的，上述WLAN通信系统中的AP与STA的数量仅是示例性的，并不构成对本申请实施例的限定。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，本申请实施例所涉及的AP是一种部署在无线通信网络中为站点提供无线通信功能的装置，可用作WLAN的中枢。例如，AP可以为基站、路由器、网关、中继器等，其中，所述基站可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等。对应的，本申请实施例所涉及的STA可以是通过无线链路连接到分布式网络的适当的装置。例如，STA可以为用户终端、用户装置，接入装置，移动站，用户装备或其他名称，其中，用户终端可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备(如智能手表、智能手环等)、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备,以及各种形式的用户设备(user equipment,UE),移动台(mobile station,MS)，终端(terminal)，终端设备(terminal equipment)，便携式通信设备(如蜂窝GPRS电话)，手持机，便携式计算设备，娱乐设备，游戏设备或系统，全球定位系统设备、超宽带(ultra wide band，UWB)装置、无线装置或被配置为经由无线介质进行网络通信的任何其他合适的设备。
其中，本申请实施例基于不同的场景，可以有多种多AP协调传输的方法，其中，本申请实施例中的多AP协调传输，是指两个或两个以上的AP通过交互控制信息，来相互配合，以进行无线资源的调度。多AP协调传输的方法包括如下方法：
方法A：下行传输时实现多个AP的同步且对齐传输。
方法B：上行传输时实现多个STA的同步且对齐传输。
方法C：下行传输时实现多个AP的对齐传输。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的同步传输，可以理解为多个收发装置在相同的时刻开始传输各自的无线帧，且多个收发装置的时钟是同步的。例如，多个收发装置包括AP01和AP02，且AP01和AP02的时钟同步。AP01和AP02之间的同步传输，即AP01在时刻A开始发送无线帧01，AP02也在时刻A开始发送无线帧02。
本申请实施例中的对齐传输，可以理解为多个收发装置在相同的时刻结束传输各自的无线帧，且多个收发装置的时钟是同步的。例如，多个收发装置包括AP03和AP04，且AP03和AP04的时钟同步。AP03和AP04之间的对齐传输，即AP03在时刻B结束发送无线帧03，AP04也在时刻B结束发送无线帧04。
可以理解的是，同步且对齐传输，即多个收发装置在相同的时刻开始传输各自的无线帧，且在相同的时刻结束传输该各自的无线帧。例如，多个收发装置包括AP01和AP02，且AP01和AP02的时钟同步。AP01和AP02之间的同步传输，即AP01在时刻C开始发送无线帧01，在时刻D结束发送无线帧01。AP02也在时刻C开始发送无线帧02，在时刻D结束发送无线帧02。
下面将结合具体的实施例对上述各种方式进行说明。
请参阅图2a，介绍本申请实施例通过方法A来进行多AP协调传输的方法实施例。为 便于理解，可结合图1b所示的系统框架图来对本实施例进行简要说明，该方法可包括：
AP1向AP2发送控制信息，AP2在接收到该控制信息后，间隔某个时长如4ms，向STA2发送数据。需要说明的是，当AP2包括多个AP时，每个AP2从接收控制信息到发送数据所间隔的时长相同，且发送的数据的传输时长也相同。即多AP开始发送数据的时间相同，发送的数据的传输时长也相同，故结束发送数据的时间也相同，即可实现下行传输时多个AP的同步且对齐传输。其中，AP1也可与多个AP2进行同步。
下面将基于具体的步骤进行说明：
201、第一AP接入信道。
本实施例中，将发起多AP协调的AP称为第一AP，与第一AP交互控制信息的AP称为第二AP。由于Wi-Fi频段为非授权频段，多个AP应通过竞争的方式来接入信道，以进行无线帧的发送。可以分以下两种情况进行描述：情况1，选定某个AP作为第一AP；情况2，任意AP均可能为第一AP。
在情况1的一个示例中，被选定的AP即第一AP成功竞争到信道，并通过该信道发送第一无线帧，该第一无线帧可以用于发起多AP协调传输。在另一个示例中，第一AP竞争信道失败，则成功竞争到信道的AP向第一AP发送请求帧，该请求帧用于请求第一AP接入该信道，并通过该信道发送第一无线帧。
在情况2的一个示例中，任意AP都可以通过信道接入方法来竞争信道，竞争成功的AP即为第一AP，来发送第一无线帧，从而触发多AP协调传输。可以理解为，哪个AP竞争到信道，哪个AP作为第一AP来发送第一无线帧。
其中，本申请实施例中，AP竞争信道的方式有多种，一个示例中，基于载波侦听多路访问/冲突避免(carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance，CSMA/CA)的信道接入方法来竞争信道；又一个示例中，AP还可以基于请求发送/清除发送(request to send/clear to send，RTS/CTS)信道访问机制来竞争信道或者基于节点协调模式(poing coordination function，PCF)等，具体此处不做限定。
202、第一AP确定第二AP。
当需要通过多AP之间的协调来降低小区间的干扰时，第一AP可以确定参与协调的第二AP。本实施例中，第一AP确定第二AP的依据有多种。一个示例中，第一AP获得相邻的AP的接收的信号强度指示(received signal strength indication，RSSI)，将取值包含于第一数值区间内的RSSI所对应的AP确定为第二AP，该相邻的AP可以理解为能与第一AP进行通信的AP；另一个示例中，第一AP确定该第一AP与相邻的AP的物理距离，从中选择第二AP，使得第一AP与第二AP的物理距离的取值在第二数值区间内；又一示例中，第一AP也可以将相邻的AP中的瘦AP确定为第二AP，所谓瘦AP，本实施例中可以理解为需要无线控制器进行管理、调试和控制的AP，即瘦AP不能独立工作，需与无线控制器配合使用；又一示例中，第一AP还可以基于业务需求信息来确定第二AP。故第一AP确定第二AP的方式具体此处不做限定。可以理解的是，该第二AP可以为一个或者多个AP。
需要说明的是，实际应用中，该步骤为可选步骤，即第一AP也可以将相邻的AP均参与到协调中。
203、第一AP生成第一无线帧。
第一AP生成第一无线帧，该第一无线帧用于发起多AP的协调传输。需要说明的是，为了实现下行传输时多个AP的同步且对齐传输，该第一无线帧至少包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于向第二AP指示第二无线帧的传输时长。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的传输时长，可以理解为，一个收发装置从开始发送无线帧到该无线帧发送完毕的时间，传输时长与无线帧的大小相关，实际应用中，传输时长也可以有其他名称，如传输时延等，具体此处不做限定。其中，该传输时长可以直接通过一段时长来指示，也可以通过无线帧的发送时间和结束时间来指示，此处不做限定。
本实施例中，第一AP生成该第一无线帧，以使得第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后，间隔第一时长向第二AP关联的第二STA发送第二无线帧，以实现多AP的同步。其中，上述第一时长，可以为预定义的短帧间隔(short inter-frame space，SIFS)，也可以由第一AP自定义，当该第一时长为第一AP自定义时，该第一无线帧中还可以包括该第一时长的指示信息。
可选的，为了指明哪些第二AP参与了第一AP发起的协调传输，第一无线帧中还可包含第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示第二AP的标识信息，以使得第二AP接收到该第一无线帧后，根据该第二指示信息确定是否需要参与多AP协调传输。需要说明的是，本实施例中，第二AP的标识信息可以有多种情况，一个示例中，第二AP的标识信息可以为第二AP的媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)地址；另一个示例中，第二AP的标识信息可以为第二AP的部分MAC地址；又一示例中，第一AP可为第二AP分配的地址，或，第二AP自身确定的地址并指示给第一AP，以使得第一AP在第一无线帧中包含该地址，或，与第二AP存在耦合关系的设备(可以为STA或者AP)的标识信息，以使得该设备接收到第一AP向第二AP发送的帧后，通过该设备与第二AP的内部接口转发给第二AP。故第二AP的标识信息具体此处不做限定。
可选的，第一AP还可以指示第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后的第一时长内进行信道监听，若第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后的第一时长内，监听到第二AP与第二STA之间的信道处于空闲状态，则第二AP可以向关联的第二STA发送第二无线帧。反之，若第二AP与第二STA之间的信道处于被占用状态，则第二AP不发送第二无线帧。因此，第一无线帧中还可包含第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧之前，是否需要对第二AP与第二STA之间的信道进行监听。一个示例中，可以在第一无线帧中设置1bit的信道监听(channel sensing，CS)指示位。例如，当该CS指示位设置为1时，表示第二AP需进行信道监听，且只有在第二AP与第二STA之间的信道空闲时才向第二STA发送第二无线帧。当该CS指示位设置为0时，表示第二AP不需进行信道监听，即第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后，不论第二AP与第二STA之间的信道是否空闲，间隔第一时长便向第二STA发送第二无线帧。
可选的，为了实现联合资源管理的功能，第一无线帧中还可携带一些控制信息，来帮助第二AP进行无线资源管理，例如：
由于第一AP的传输和第二AP的传输在相同的信道上进行，为了减小第二AP对第一 AP关联的第一STA的干扰，第一无线帧可携带第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示各第二AP的发送功率信息，该发送功率信息可以为最大发送功率或第一AP为第二AP配置的发送功率，以使得第一STA受到的来自第二AP的干扰值在第三数值区间内，其中该第三数值区间可以为预定义的。
可选的，为了让第二AP在发送第二无线帧之前，预测到第一AP对第二STA的干扰值，第一无线帧还可以携带第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示第一AP的发送功率信息。
可选的，为了减少第二STA对第一AP的干扰，第一无线帧可携带第六指示信息，该第六指示信息用于指示第一AP的可容忍的最大干扰门限信息，以使得第二AP根据该第六指示信息确定关联的各第二STA的功率指示信息。该功率指示信息可用于各第二STA确定最大发送功率。另外，该功率指示信息可以包含于第二AP向第二STA发送的第二无线帧中。一个可能的实现方式中，该可容忍的最大干扰门限信息可以是空间复用参数(spatial reuse parameter，SRP)的值，该SRP可用于第二AP在进行空间复用传输时调整发送功率，因此第二AP可根据该SRP的值来设置关联的第二STA的传输参数。对应的，为了让第二AP在发送第二无线帧之前，预测第二AP在接收第二STA发送的无线帧时受到的来自第一STA的干扰值，第一无线帧可以携带第七指示信息和第八指示信息，第七指示信息用于指示第一STA的标识信息，第八指示信息用于指示第一STA的发送功率信息。
可选的，为了保证第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后有足够的时间来准备传输数据，可以将该第一无线帧加长，使得第二AP在解码得到第一无线帧中包含的各指示信息后，直到第一无线帧传输结束还有一定的时间来准备数据。一个示例中，在第一无线帧中增加一个填充(padding)域，在该填充域中填充无效信息，故第一无线帧中可包含第九指示信息来指示该填充域的长度，为便于理解，如图2b所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的第一无线帧的帧格式示意图，其中各AP信息字段(AP info field)可包括AP ID字段和AP ID字段后的其他信息(other information)字段。一个示例中，可以将一个AP info field作为填充域，该填充域的AP ID可设置为特殊的AP ID字段，如全1或者全0，来表示填充域的开始，当第二AP检测到该特殊的AP ID字段便可以确定后面的other information字段为填充的无效信息，故第二AP可以在接收该填充域的时长内去准备数据。如图2c所示，为本实施例提供的一种示例性的第一无线帧的帧格式示意图，该图中与帧校验序列(frame check sequence，FCS)相邻的AP info field即可理解为填充域，其中，该AP info field中的AP ID＝special value，且AP信息字段中AP ID字段后的其他信息字段(Other information)字段包含无效(useless)的其他信息字段。
可选的，为了更好的进行无线资源管理，第一AP还可以进行集中调度，来决定第二AP的传输参数，即第一AP为第二AP分配并指示资源调度信息。故第一无线帧还可携带第十指示信息，该第十指示信息用于指示资源调度信息，以使得第二AP根据该资源调度信息确定发送第二无线帧所使用的信道资源。其中，该资源调度信息可以包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或者多个的组合：各第二AP的资源块(resource unit，RU)分配信息，第二AP调度的站点的标识信息(即第二STA的标识信息)，每个站点使用的调制与编码策略 (modulation and coding scheme，MCS)或者每个站点使用的空间流。
可选的，由于实际应用中存在不同的应用场景，如上行传输和下行传输，因此本申请实施例中第一无线帧可以包含第十一指示信息，该第十一指示信息用于指示进行上行传输或下行传输。在一个示例中，可以在第一无线帧中设置1bit的上下行指示位。例如，当该上下行指示位设置为0时，表示需要进行上行传输，即第二AP触发第二STA向第二AP发送无线帧。当该上下行指示位设置为1时，表示需要进行下行传输，即第二AP需向第二STA发送无线帧。需要注意的是，本实施例中，第十一指示信息用于指示进行下行传输。
可选的，有鉴于本申请还提供了多种协调传输的模式，例如同步传输、对齐传输、同步且对齐传输等，因此第一AP可以在第二AP参与协调传输前向第二AP指示具体的传输模式，其中，第一AP可以有如下指示方式，包括：
第一无线帧包含第十二指示信息，该第十二指示信息用于指示是否需要同步传输。在本实施例中，第十二指示信息用于指示需要同步传输。需要注意的是，若第十二指示信息指示多个AP不需要同步传输，即第二AP无需在相同的时间开始传输，则第二AP可以自行决定开始传输的时间，第二AP可以进行对齐传输，也可以不进行对齐传输。
可选的，第一无线帧还可包含第十三指示信息，该第十三指示信息用于指示是否需要对齐传输。若第十三指示信息指示多个AP不需要对齐传输，即第二AP无需在相同的时间结束传输，则第二AP可自行决定传输的结束时间。
在一些特定场景下，如AP之间的距离较远，STA之间的距离也较远，则可以允许出现既不同步传输也不对齐传输的情况。本实施例中，第一AP为向第二AP指示该既不同步传输也不对齐传输的情况，在第一无线帧中可以同时包含第十二指示信息和第十三指示信息。其中，第十二指示信息用于指示多个AP不需要同步传输，第十三指示信息用于指示多个AP不需要对齐传输。
可选的，第一无线帧包含第十四指示信息，该第十四指示信息用于指示多AP协调传输的模式。一个示例中，可以在第一无线帧中设置2bit的传输指示位，例如，当该传输指示位为01时，表示需要同步传输。当该传输指示位为10时，表示需要对齐传输。当该传输指示位为00时，表示既不同步传输，也不对齐传输。当该传输指示位为11时，表示同步且对齐传输。因此，具体的指示方式本申请不做限定。
可选的，若第一AP确定既不同步传输也不对齐传输时，第一AP可以指示第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧时，将确认回复机制(ACK policy)设置为块确认(block ACK，BA)，使得第二STA在接收到第二无线帧之后不会立即响应BA帧，而是在接收到第二AP发送的块确认请求(block ACK request，BAR)帧后再响应BA帧，从而减少可能出现的第二AP发送数据帧时，第二STA也在发送BA帧所造成的干扰。例如，第一AP指示第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧，且在该第二无线帧的发送期间内，第一AP向与第一AP关联的第一STA发送第三无线帧，即第二无线帧的发送时间与第三无线帧的发送时间可能不同，第二无线帧结束时间与第三无线帧的结束时间可能不同，但第二无线帧与第三无线帧的发送期间可能存在交集。其中，本申请实施例中的发送期间，可以理解为，一个收发装置从开始发送无线帧到该无线帧发送完毕所对应的时间段。例如，收发装置在时刻A开始发送无线 帧，在时刻B结束发送该无线帧，那么时刻A至时刻B，即为该无线帧的发送期间。因此，为便于理解，设第二无线帧的发送期间为[时刻1，时刻2]，第三无线帧的发送期间为[时刻3，时刻4]，且时刻3早于时刻1，时刻4与时刻2可能不相等，故第二无线帧的发送期间与第三无线帧的发送期间存在交集部分，为了避免一个AP在发送无线帧时，另一个AP在接收确认帧，故第一AP指示第二AP设置ACK policy，使得第二STA接收到第二无线帧后，不会立即回复确认帧，而是在第一无线帧和第二无线帧均发送结束后，第二AP向第二STA发送确认帧请求，第二STA再向第二AP发送确认帧。
因此，第一无线帧还可携带第十五指示信息，该第十五指示信息用于指示在第二无线帧中携带ACK policy。
综上，第一无线帧中除第一指示信息外，还可以携带多个指示信息，具体可以如表一所示，
表一
Figure PCTCN2018107386-appb-000001
为便于描述，本实施例中，将第一AP需要向第二AP指示的信息称为待指示信息。其中，该待指示信息至少包括第一指示信息，且待指示信息还可以包括但不限于，表一所示的指示信息中一个或者多个的组合。需要说明的是，待指示信息可以全部包含于第一无线帧中，例如，若待指示信息包括上述第一指示信息至第四指示信息，则第一无线帧中包含该第一指示信息至第四指示信息。在一个示例中，该待指示信息中除第一指示信息外的其他信息，也可以不全部包含于第一无线帧中，例如，若待指示信息包括第一指示信息至第四指示信息，则第一AP确定参与协调传输的第二AP后，向第二AP发送控制帧，该控制帧中包含第二指示信息和第三指示信息，当第一AP竞争到信道后，向第二AP发送第一无线帧来触发多AP的传输，该第一无线帧包含第一指示信息和第四指示信息。因此第一AP向第二AP发送待指示信息的方式，此处不做限定。
需要注意的是，本实施例中，第一AP通过步骤201接入信道，通过步骤202以及步骤203确定第二AP并生成第一无线帧，而这两个过程之间并不存在步骤的先后顺序，可以先执行步骤201，也可以先执行步骤202以及步骤203，或者同时执行，具体此处不做限定。
204、第二AP接收第一AP发送的第一无线帧。
第一AP接入信道后，向确定的第二AP发送生成的第一无线帧以发起多AP的协调传输，使得第二AP接收到第一无线帧后，间隔第一时长向第二AP关联的第二STA发送第二无线帧，其中，第二无线帧的传输时长为第一指示信息所指示的传输时长。且该第一时长可以是第一AP自定义的时长，也可以是预置时长。
需要说明的是，为了提高数据传输效率，降低误码率，实际应用中，发送端即本实施例中的第一AP可以将第一无线帧依次进行编码、调制、映射成帧、快速傅里叶逆变换和加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)等操作，然后通过信道传输给接收端即本申请中的第二AP。对应的，第二AP接收到第一AP发送的第一无线帧后，对接收到的第一无线帧依次进行去CP、快速傅里叶变换、数据抽取、信道估计、均衡、解调和译码处理。本申请中，对编码后的第一无线帧进行译码操作可以采用现有的技术手段，具体本申请不再赘述。
另外，如步骤203中所述，第一无线帧中可包括多种指示信息，第二AP根据第一无线帧中的各指示信息参与多AP的协调传输，具体如下：
第二AP根据第一指示信息确定向第二STA发送的第二无线帧的传输时长。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第二指示信息时，第二AP根据该第二指示信息确定参与第一AP发起的多AP协调传输。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第三指示信息时，第二AP根据该第三指示信息确定在发送第二无线帧之前是否需要对第二AP和第二STA之间的信道进行监听，若第三指示信息指示需要监听信道，则第二AP通过监听到的信道的状态确定是否发送第二无线帧，即当信道为忙时不发送，反之则发送。若第三指示信息指示不需要监听信道，则第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后，间隔第一时长直接向第二STA发送第二无线帧。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第四指示信息时，第二AP根据该第四指示信息确定第二AP的发送功率信息，其中，该发送功率信息可以为最大发送功率或者第一AP配置的发送功率，故本实施例中，第二AP在发送第二无线帧时，采用的发送功率不超过该最大发送功率。或者采用的发送功率为第一AP配置的发送功率。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第五指示信息时，第二AP根据该第五指示信息获得第一AP的发送功率信息，进而第二AP根据该第一AP的发送功率信息预测关联的第二STA受到的来自第一AP的干扰值，实际应用中，可通过如下公式进行预测：第一AP对第二STA的干扰值＝第一AP的发送功率-第一AP到第二STA的路损值，可以理解的是，实际应用中也可以采用其他方式进行预测，具体此处不做限定。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第六指示信息时，第二AP根据该第六指示信息获得第一AP的可容忍的最大干扰门限信息，并基于该最大干扰门限信息确定各第二STA的功率指示信息，以使得各第二STA通过该功率指示信息确定第二STA的最大发送功率，即控制各第二STA的发送功率，使第二STA对第一AP的干扰值在第四数值区间内，因此，本实施例中，第二STA在发送响应第二无线帧的BA时的发送功率不能超过该第二STA的最大发送功率。在一个示例中，第二AP可以根据该最大干扰门限信息确定各第二STA对第一AP的平均干扰值，例如，第一AP的可容忍的最大干扰门限信息的值为5mw，而与第二AP关联的第二STA有5个，则第二AP可假定每个第二STA对第一AP的平均干扰值不得大于 5mw/5＝1mv，进而第二AP可根据该每个第二STA对第一AP的平均干扰值确定第二STA的最大发送功率。需要说明的是，本申请中，一种可选的方式中，第二AP可直接预测出第二STA的最大发送功率，并指示给第二STA。另一种可选的方式中，第二AP可向第二STA指示功率指示信息，如第二STA对第一AP的最大干扰值，使得第二STA根据该功率指示信息确定第二STA的最大发送功率，即通过第二AP发送的功率指示信息，第二STA可以直接获得第二STA的最大发送功率，也可以根据该功率指示信息进一步计算出第二STA的最大发送功率。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第七指示信息和第八指示信息时，第二AP根据第七指示信息中第一STA的标识信息和第八指示信息中第一STA的发送功率，确定各第一STA对第二AP的干扰值。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第九指示信息时，第二AP通过该第九指示信息确定用于填充无效信息的填充域的长度，即第二AP可在该填充域的长度内去准备发送给第二STA的数据，又一个示例中，第一无线帧中还可以包含一个特殊的AP ID字段以表示填充域的开始，当第二AP检测到该特殊的AP ID字段时，第二AP即可在该填充域的时长内，去准备发送给第二STA的数据。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第十指示信息时，第二AP通过该第十指示信息所指示的资源调度信息确定发送第二无线帧所使用的信道资源，其中，该资源调度信息可以包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或者多个的组合：各第二AP的资源块(resource unit，RU)分配信息，第二AP调度的站点的标识信息(即第二STA的标识信息)，每个站点使用的调MCS或者每个站点使用的空间流。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第十一指示信息时，第二AP通过该第十一指示信息确定进行上行传输或下行传输，在本实施例中，第十一指示信息用于指示进行下行传输，即触发第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧，该第二无线帧可以为数据帧或者控制帧。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第十二指示信息时，第二AP通过该第十二指示信息确定是否需要同步传输，在本实施例中，第十二指示信息用于指示需要进行同步传输，即各第二AP接收到第一无线帧后，均间隔预置时长向第二STA发送第二无线帧，实现了多个AP的同步传输。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第十三指示信息时，第二AP通过该第十二指示信息确定是否需要对齐传输，在本实施例中，第十三指示信息用于指示需要进行对齐传输。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第十四指示信息时，第二AP通过该第十四指示信息可确定多AP协调传输的模式，本实施例中，第十四指示信息用于指示进行同步且对齐传输。
可选的，当第十三指示信息指示不需要对齐传输或者第十四指示信息指示既不同步传输，也不对齐传输时，第一无线帧还可包含第十五指示信息时，第二AP通过该第十五指示信息在第二无线帧中携带ACK policy，使得第二STA在接收到第二无线帧之后不会立即响应BA帧，而是在接收到第二AP发送的BAR帧后再响应BA帧。
可选的，第二AP接收到第一AP发送的第一无线帧后，还向第一AP发送响应于该第一无线帧的第一确认帧。需要说明的是，当第二AP为多个AP时，对应的第一确认帧也有多 个，故为了实现多个第一确认帧的同步且对齐传输，该第一无线帧中还可以包含第一确认帧的传输时长，以使得多个第二AP接收到该第一无线帧后，间隔相同的时长向第一AP发送第一确认帧。
205、第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧。
本实施例中，第二AP接收到第一无线帧后，间隔第一时长向第二STA发送第二无线帧。
其中，第二AP根据第一无线帧中包含的各指示信息，向第二STA发送第二无线帧的方式，如步骤204所述，此处不再赘述。
206、第一AP向第一STA发送第三无线帧。
第一AP在向第二AP发送第一无线帧后，在第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与第一AP关联的第一STA发送第三无线帧，且为实现多AP发送下行帧的对齐，该第三无线帧的传输时长与第二无线帧的传输时长相等。本实施例中，为了实现多AP发送下行帧的同步，第一AP在发送第一无线帧后，也间隔第一时长向第一STA发送第三无线帧，即第三无线帧的发送时间与第二无线帧的发送时间相同，以实现第二无线帧与第三无线帧的同步。
可选的，第三无线帧也可包含ACK policy，使得第一STA在接收到第二无线帧之后不会立即响应第三确认帧可理解为BA，而是在接收到第一AP发送的BAR帧后再响应。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，该步骤为可选步骤，即第一AP可以不向第一STA发送第三无线帧，而仅仅是触发多个第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧，进而实现多个第二AP的同步且对齐传输。
为便于理解，下面基于图示就两种情况作分别描述：
一、第一AP向第一STA发送第三无线帧。
如图2d所示，为本实施例提供的一种同步传输示意图。图2d中，第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，即图中的SYNC帧后，间隔T ms向第一STA发送第三无线帧，即图中的Data1，可选的，第一AP再接收第一STA发送的用于响应第三无线帧的第三确认帧，即图中的BA1。第二AP接收到该SYNC帧后，间隔T ms向第二STA发送第二无线帧，即图中的Data2，并接收第二STA发送的用于响应第二无线帧的第二确认帧，即图中的BA2。可以理解的是，由于Data1和Data2的起始传输时间相同，且Data1和Data2的传输时长相同，故Data1和Data2的传输结束时间也相同，因此实现了多AP的同步且对齐传输。
二、第一AP不向第一STA发送第三无线帧。
如图2e所示为本实施例提供的另一种同步传输示意图，图2e中，第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，即图中的SYNC帧后，不发送无线帧。第二AP(1)接收到该SYNC帧后，间隔T ms向第二STA(1)发送第二无线帧，即图中的Data1，并接收第二STA(1)发送的第二确认帧，即图中的BA1。第二AP(2)接收到该SYNC帧后，也间隔T ms向第二STA(2)发送Data2，并接收第二STA(2)发送的BA2。可以理解的是，由于Data1和Data2的起始传输时间相同，且Data1和Data2的传输时长相同，故Data1和Data2的传输结束时间也相同，因此实现了多AP的同步且对齐传输。
207、第二STA向第二AP发送第二确认帧。
第二STA收到第二AP发送的第二无线帧后，向第二AP发送响应于该第二无线帧的第二确认帧。
可选的，当第二无线帧包含第二STA的功率指示信息时，第二STA根据该功率指示信息确定第二STA的最大发送功率，且第二STA发送第二确认帧的发送功率不能大于该最大发送功率。
可选的，当第二无线帧包含ACK policy时，第二STA在接收到第二AP发送的BAR帧后，才向第二AP发送该第二确认帧。
需要说明的是，实际应用中，该步骤为可选步骤，即第二STA在接收到第二无线帧后，也可以不发送第二确认帧。
208、第一STA向第一AP发送第三确认帧。
可选的，第一STA收到第一AP发送的第三无线帧后，向第一AP发送响应于该第三无线帧的第三确认帧。
可选的，当第三无线帧包含ACK policy时，第一STA在接收到第一AP发送的BAR帧后，才向第一AP发送该第三确认帧。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，除了实现下行无线帧的同步且对齐传输，还可以实现上行确认帧的同步且对齐传输，例如实现第二确认帧和第三确认帧的同步且对齐传输，又例如当第一AP不发送第三无线帧或第一AP发送第三无线帧但第一STA不发送第三确认帧时，实现多个第二确认帧间的同步且对齐传输，具体如下：
第一无线帧中还可以包含第二确认帧的传输时长，使第二AP获得该第二确认帧的传输时长后，可以通过第二无线帧将该第二确认帧的传输时长指示给第二STA，以使得第二STA在接收到第二无线帧后，间隔第二时长向第二AP发送第二确认帧。需要说明的是，与第一时长类似，该第二时长可以为预置的，或者由第一AP自定义，因此第二时长可以与第一时长相同或者不同，具体此处不做限定。
可选的，当第一AP发送第三无线帧时，该第三无线帧可包含第三确认帧的传输时长，以使得第一STA在接收到第三无线帧后，间隔第二时长向第一AP发送第三确认帧，且需要注意的是，第三确认帧的传输时长与第二确认帧的传输时长相等。
综上，本实施例即可实现确认帧之间的同步且对齐传输，不会出现一个STA在发送确认帧，另一个STA在接收AP发送的数据帧或控制帧的情况，减少STA和AP之间的相互干扰。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，可将发送一次无线帧并收到响应于该无线帧的确认帧称为一次传输，且在本实施例中，第一无线帧不仅可以触发进行一次同步且对齐传输，还可以触发多次同步且对齐传输。如图2f所示，为本实施例提供的一种示例性的传输示意图，通过第一无线帧实现了多次传输的同步且对齐。其中，每次传输占用的时间可称为一个时间段(TS，time segment)，那么第一无线帧中可包含针对每个时间段的指示信息，可以理解的是，针对每个时间段的指示信息，可以包括第一指示信息，以及第二指示信息至第十六指示信息中一个或者多个的组合。一个示例中，每个时间段的指示信息可以不同。例如，time segment1中Data11的传输时长，和time segment2中Data21的传输时 长不相同。或者，每个时间段的指示信息可以相同，如第一无线帧中可包含周期指示信息，使得多AP每隔一个time segment采用相同的指示信息进行同步且对齐传输。
本申请实施例中，通过多AP协调调度的发送流程和信令，实现多AP协调并行进行同步下行传输，降低干扰，提升吞吐率。
上图2a对下行同步传输进行了说明，下面请参阅图3a，介绍本申请通过方法B来进行多AP协调以实现上行同步且对齐传输的方法实施例。为便于理解，可结合图1b所示的系统框架图来对本实施例进行简要说明，该方法可包括：
AP1向AP2发送控制信息，AP2在接收到该控制信息后，间隔时长A向STA2发送触发信息，STA2接收到触发信息后，间隔时长B便向AP2发送数据。需要说明的是，当AP2包括多个AP时，关联的STA2也可以为多个。其中，每个AP2从接收控制信息到发送触发信息所间隔的时长均为时长A，每个AP2发送的触发信息的传输时长也相同，故每个STA2接收到触发信息的时刻也相同。且每个STA2从接收触发信息到发送数据所间隔的时长均为时长B，每个STA2发送的数据的传输时长也相同，故每个STA2结束发送数据的时间也相同。因此多个STA2同时开始传输数据，同时结束传输数据，即可实现上行传输时多个STA的同步传输。其中，STA1也可接收AP1的触发信息来与多个AP2进行同步。
下面将基于具体的步骤进行说明：
301、第一AP接入信道。
302、第一AP确定第二AP。
本实施例中，步骤301至步骤302与图2a所示的步骤201至202类似，具体此处不再赘述。
303、第一AP生成第一无线帧。
本实施例中，为实现上行数据的同步传输，第一AP生成第一无线帧，以使得第二AP在接收到第一无线帧后，间隔第一时长向第二STA发送第二无线帧，该第二无线帧触发第二STA接收到第二无线帧后，间隔第二时长向第二AP发送第三无线帧，本实施例中，可该第二无线帧为触发(trigger)帧，第三无线帧可为第二STA发送的数据帧。需要说明的是，第一时长和第二时长可以均为预置的，或者均由第一AP自定义，当第一时长和第二时长为第一AP自定义时，该第一无线帧中还可以包括第一时长的指示信息和第二时长的指示信息。因此第二时长可以与第一时长相同或者不同，具体此处不做限定。
其中，为协调多AP的上行同步且对齐传输，该第一无线帧至少包含第一指示信息和第十六指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第二无线帧的传输时长，该第一指示信息与图2a中第一无线帧所包含的第一指示信息类似，具体此处不再赘述。另外，第十六指示信息用于指示第二STA发送的第三无线帧的传输时长，可以理解的是，为了向第二STA指示该第三无线帧的传输时长，第二AP发送给第二STA的第二无线帧中也可包含该该第三无线帧的传输时长。
与图2a所示的步骤203中生成的第一无线帧类似，本实施例中通过步骤303生成的第一无线帧也可以包含但不限于表二所示的指示信息中的一个或者多个组合：
表二
Figure PCTCN2018107386-appb-000002
其中，第二指示信息至第八指示信息与图2a中第一无线帧包含的第二指示信息至第八指示信息类似，具体此处不再赘述。
其中，第十一指示信息用于指示第二AP进行上行传输，即需要触发第二STA向第二AP发送第三无线帧。
其中，第十一二指示信息至第十四指示信息与图2a中第一无线帧包含的第十二指示信息至第十四指示信息类似，具体此处不再赘述。
其中，若第一AP确定既不同步传输也不对齐传输时，第十五指示信息用于指示ACK policy，即第二AP在接收到第三无线帧之后不会立即响应确认帧，而是在接收到第二STA发送的BAR帧后再响应。
需要注意的是，本实施例中，第一AP通过步骤301接入信道，通过步骤302以及步骤303确定第二AP并生成第一无线帧，而这两个过程之间并不存在步骤的先后顺序，可以先执行步骤301，也可以先执行步骤302以及步骤303，或者同时执行，具体此处不做限定。
304、第二AP接收第一AP发送的第一无线帧。
本实施例中，步骤304与图2a所示的实施例中步骤204类似，具体此处不再赘述。
305、第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧。
本实施例中，步骤305与图2a所示的实施例中步骤205类似，具体此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的第二无线帧用于触发第二STA向第二AP发送第三无线帧，且该第二无线帧中可以包含第三无线帧的传输时长。而图2a所示的实施例中，第二STA可以为第二AP向第二STA发送的数据帧。
306、第二STA向第二AP发送第三无线帧。
第二STA接收第二AP发送的第二无线帧后，间隔第二时长向第二AP发送第三无线帧，该第二时长可以为SIFS。
可选的，当第二无线帧包含第二STA的功率指示信息时，第二STA根据该功率指示信息确定第二STA的最大发送功率，且第二STA发送第三无线帧的功率不能大于该最大发送功率。
307、第二AP向第二STA发送第三确认帧。
第二AP收到第二STA发送的第三无线帧后，向第二STA发送响应于该第三无线帧的第三确认帧。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含ACK policy时，第二AP在接收到第二STA发送的BAR帧后，才向第二STA发送该第三确认帧。
可选的，当第一无线帧包含第五指示信息以指示第二AP的发送功率信息，且该发送功率信息可以为最大发送功率或者第一AP配置的发送功率，则第二AP发送该第三确认帧时，采用的功率不能超过该第二AP的最大发送功率，或者采用的功率为第一AP配置的发送功率。
需要说明的是，本步骤为可选步骤，即实际应用中，第二AP接收到第二STA发送的第三无线帧后，也可以不向第二STA发送响应于该第三无线帧的第三确认帧。
308、第一AP向第一STA发送第四无线帧。
第一AP在向第二AP发送第一无线帧后，在第二无线帧的发送期间内向与第一AP关联的第一STA发送第四无线帧，该第四无线帧用于触发第一STA接收到第四无线帧后，间隔第二时长向第一AP发送第五无线帧，且该第四无线帧需包含第五无线帧的传输时长，另外，为实现多STA发送上行帧的对齐，该第四无线帧的传输时长与第二无线帧的传输时长相等，且第五无线帧的传输时长与第三无线帧的传输时长相等。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，为实现第四无线帧与第二无线帧的同步，第一AP在第二无线帧的发送期间内向第一STA发送第四无线帧，即第一AP发送第一无线帧后，也间隔第一时长向第一STA发送第四无线帧，使得第四无线帧的发送时间与第二无线帧的发送时间相同。
需要说明的是，与图2a所示的步骤206类似，此处不再赘述。
为便于理解，下面基于图示就两种情况作分别描述：
一、第一AP向第一STA发送第四无线帧。
如图3b所示，为本实施例提供的另一种同步且对齐传输示意图，图3b中，第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，即图中SYNC帧后，间隔T ms向第一STA发送第四无线帧，即图中Trigger1帧，并接收第一STA间隔P ms发送的第五无线帧，即图中Data1。第二AP接收到该SYNC帧后，间隔T ms向第二STA发送第二无线帧，即图中Trigger2，并接收第二STA间隔P ms发送的第三无线帧，即图中Data2。可以理解的是，由于Data1和Data2的起始传输时间相同，且Data1和Data2的传输时长相同，故Data1和Data2的传输结束时间也相同，因此实现了上行数据的同步传输。
二、第一AP不向第一STA发送第四无线帧。
如图3c所示为本实施例提供的另一种示例性的同步且对齐传输示意图，图3c中，第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，即图中SYNC帧后，不发送无线帧。第二AP(1)接收到该SYNC帧后，间隔T ms向第二STA(1)发送第二无线帧，即图中Trigger1，并接收第二STA(1)间隔P ms发送的第三无线帧，即图中Data1。第二AP(2)接收到该SYNC帧后，也间隔T ms向第二STA(2)发送Trigger2，并接收第二STA(2)间隔P ms发送的Data1。可以理解的是，由于Data1和Data2的起始传输时间相同，且Data1和Data2的传输时长相同，故Data1和Data2的传输结束时间也相同，因此实现了上行数据的同步且对齐传输。
309、第一STA向第一AP发送第五无线帧。
可选的，当第一STA接收第一AP发送的第四无线帧后，间隔第二时长向第二AP发送第五无线帧。
310、第一AP向第一STA发送第五确认帧。
可选的，第一AP接收到第一STA发送的第五无线帧后，可向第一STA发送响应于该第五无线帧的第五确认帧。
可选的，第一AP可设置ACK policy，使得第一AP在接收到第一STA发送的BAR帧后，才向第一STA发送第五确认帧。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，除了实现上行无线帧的同步且对齐传输，还可以实现下行确认帧的同步且对齐传输，即实现第三确认帧和第五确认帧的同步且对齐传输或者多个第三确认帧间的同步且对齐传输，具体如下：
第一无线帧中还可以包含第十五指示信息，该第十五指示信息用于指示第三确认帧的传输时长，以使得第二AP在接收到第三无线帧后，间隔第三时长向第二STA发送第三确认帧，需要说明的是，该第三时长可以为预置时长，或者由第一AP自定义，若由第一AP自定义时，第一无线帧中还可包含该第三时长的指示信息。
可选的，当第一AP接收到第五无线帧后，也间隔第三时长向第一STA发送第五确认帧，且需要注意的是，该第五确认帧的传输时长与第三确认帧的传输时长相等。
综上，本实施例即可实现第一AP与第二AP同步且对齐的传输确认帧，不会出现一个AP在发送确认帧，另一个AP在接收STA发送的数据帧的情况，减少了AP和STA互相之间的干扰。
与图2a所示实施例中的第一无线帧类似，本实施例中的第一无线帧也可以触发多次的同步传输，且触发的方式与图2a所示实施例中的第一无线帧触发的方式类似，具体此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，通过多AP协调调度的发送流程和信令，实现了上行数据的同步传输，降低干扰，提升吞吐率。
上图2a和图3a对同步且对齐传输进行了说明，下面请参阅图4a，介绍本申请通过方法C来进行多AP协调以实现下行对齐传输的方法实施例，为便于理解，可结合图1b所示的系统框架图来对本实施例进行简要说明，该方法包括：
AP1向AP2发送控制信息，AP2在接收到该控制信息后，向STA2发送数据，并在C时刻结束发送该数据。需要说明的是，当AP2包括多个AP时，每个AP2向关联的STA2发送数据的结束时刻均为C时刻。即多AP发送数据的结束时刻相同，即可实现下行传输时多个AP的对齐传输。其中，AP1也可与AP2进行对齐。
下面将基于具体的步骤进行说明：
401、第一AP接入信道。
402、第一AP确定第二AP。
本实施例中，步骤401至步骤402与图2a所示的步骤201至202类似，具体此处不再赘述。
403、第一AP生成第一无线帧。
第一AP生成第一无线帧，该第一无线帧用于触发第二AP向第二AP关联的第二STA发送第二无线帧，以发起多AP的协调调度。需要说明的是，为了实现下行传输时多个AP的对齐，该第一无线帧至少包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于使得第二AP确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间。
需要说明的是，通过第一AP发送的无线帧的不同，第一无线帧包含的第一指示信息也可能不同，以下将分别进行说明：
场景一：第一AP向第二AP和第一STA发送第一无线帧。
为便于理解，请参阅图4b，为本实施例基于场景一所提供的一种示例性的下行对齐传输示意图，该图中，第一AP向第一STA发送第一无线帧，即图中Data1，该Data1中携带第一指示信息，该第一指示信息可用于指示Data1的传输时长，或者Data1的传输结束时间，故第二AP从Data1中获得第一指示信息，以确定Data1的传输结束时间，并向第二STA发送第二无线帧，即图中Data2，使Data2的传输结束时间与Data1的传输结束时间相同，实现了下行数据传输的对齐。可选的，第一STA收到第一AP发送的Data1后，向第一AP发送BA1帧。第二STA收到第二AP发送的Data2后，向第一AP发送BA2帧。
因此在该场景下，第一指示信息用于指示第一无线帧的传输时长或者第一无线帧的传输结束时间，以使得第二AP根据该第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间，且该第二无线帧的传输结束时间与第一无线帧的传输结束时间相同。
场景二：第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，再向关联的第一STA发送第三无线帧。
为便于理解，请参阅图4c，为本实施例基于场景二所提供的一种示例性的下行对齐传输示意图，该图中，第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，即图中SYNC帧，向第一STA发送第三无线帧，即图中Data1，其中，SYNC帧中携带第一指示信息，该第一指示信息可用于指示Data1的传输时长，或者Data1的传输结束时间，故第二AP根据该第一指示信息确定Data1的传输结束时间，并向第二STA发送第二无线帧，即图中Data2，使Data2的传输结束时间与Data1的传输结束时间相同，实现了下行数据传输的对齐。可选的，第一STA收到第一AP发送的Data1后，向第一AP发送BA1帧。第二STA收到第二AP发送的Data2后，向第一AP发送BA2帧。
因此在该场景下，第一指示信息用于指示第三无线帧的传输时长或者第三无线帧的传输结束时间，以使得第二AP根据该第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间，且该第二无线帧的传输结束时间与第三无线帧的传输结束时间相同。
场景三：第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧。
为便于理解，请参阅图4d，为本实施例基于场景三所提供的一种示例性的下行对齐传输示意图，该图中，第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧，即图中SYNC帧，来触发多个第二AP发送第二无线帧，即图中Data，如触发第二AP(1)发送Data1，触发第二AP(2)发送Data2，其中，第一无线帧中携带第一指示信息，该第一指示信息可用于指示各第二AP发送的Data的传输结束时间，需要说明的是，为实现下行数据传输的对齐，各第二AP发送的Data的传输结束时间相同。可选的，第二STA(1)收到第二AP(1)发送的Data1后， 向第二AP(1)发送BA1帧。第二STA(2)收到第二AP(2)发送的Data2后，向第二AP(2)发送BA2帧。
因此，在该场景下，第一指示信息用于指示第二无线帧的传输结束时间，以使得多个第二AP根据该第一指示信息确定各第二无线帧的传输结束时间，且各第二无线帧的传输结束时间相同。
与图2a所示的步骤203中生成的第一无线帧类似，本实施例中通过步骤403生成的第一无线帧也可以还包含但不限于，表三所示的指示信息中的一个或者多个组合：
表三
Figure PCTCN2018107386-appb-000003
其中，第二指示信息至第十一指示信息、和第十五指示信息，与图2a中第一无线帧包含的第二指示信息至第十一指示信息、和第十五指示信息类似，具体此处不再赘述。
其中，第十二指示信息用于指示第二AP进行不需要同步传输，即多个AP可自行决定开始传输的时间，只要保证传输结束时间相同即可。
其中，第十三指示信息用于指示需要对齐传输，即多个AP的传输结束时间需相同。
其中，第十四指示信息用于指示不需要同步传输，需要同步对齐。
需要注意的是，本实施例中，第一AP通过步骤401接入信道，通过步骤402以及步骤403确定第二AP并生成第一无线帧，而这两个过程之间并不存在步骤的先后顺序，可以先执行步骤401，也可以先执行步骤402以及步骤403，或者同时执行，具体此处不做限定。
404、第二AP接收第一AP发送的第一无线帧。
在本实施例步骤403所述的场景一中，第一无线帧中的第一指示信息用于指示第一无线帧的传输时长或者第一无线帧的传输结束时间，当第一指示信息用于指示第一无线帧的传输时长时，第二AP根据第一无线帧的传输开始时间和第一无线帧的传输时长确定第一无线帧的传输结束时间，并将该第一无线帧的传输结束时间确定为向第二STA发送的第二无线帧的传输结束时间。当第一指示信息用于指示第一无线帧的传输结束时间时，第二AP直接将该第一无线帧的传输结束时间作为向第二STA发送的第二无线帧的传输结束时间。
需要说明的是，为便于第二AP快速检测出第一无线帧中的指示信息，可将该指示信息携带于该第一无线帧所在的物理层协议数据单元的物理层前导码中。
在本实施例步骤403所述的场景二中，第一指示信息用于指示第三无线帧的传输时长 或者第三无线帧的传输结束时间，第二AP根据该第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间的方式，与在场景一中确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间的方式类似，具体此处不再赘述。
在本实施例步骤403所述的场景三中，第一指示信息用于指示第二无线帧的传输结束时间，第二AP根据该第一指示信息直接获得第二无线帧的传输结束时间。
可选的，当第一无线帧还包括但不限于表三中，第二指示信息至第十五指示信息中的一个或者多个组合时，第二AP接收第一无线帧并进行处理的方式与图2a所示的步骤204类似，具体此处不再赘述。
可选的，本实施例中，第二AP接收到第一AP发送的第一无线帧后，还向第一AP发送响应于该第一无线帧的第一确认帧。且当第二AP为多个AP时，对应的第一确认帧也有多个，故为了实现多个第一确认帧的对齐传输，该第一无线帧中还可以包含第一确认帧的传输结束时间，以使得多个第二AP接收到该第一无线帧后，向第一AP发送多个传输结束时间相同的第一确认帧。
405、第二AP向第二STA发送第二无线帧。
本实施例中，步骤405与图2a所示的步骤205类似，具体此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，第二AP确定了发送的第二无线帧的传输结束时间。而在图2a所示的步骤205中，第二AP还确定了第二无线帧的传输开始时间。
406、第一AP向第一STA发送第四无线帧。
如步骤403中描述的场景一至场景三所述，该步骤为可选步骤，下面分别基于三个场景对该步骤进行描述：
场景一：第一AP向第一STA发送第一无线帧，即第四无线帧为第一无线帧。
第一AP生成第一无线帧后，向关联的第一STA发送该第一无线帧，且该第一无线帧也需发送给第二AP，以指示第二AP进行下行传输对齐，该第一无线帧的传输结束时间与第二无线帧的传输结束时间相同。
可选的，该第一无线帧中的指示信息可携带于该第一无线帧的物理层前导码中。
场景二：第一AP向第一STA发送第三无线帧，即第四无线帧为第三无线帧。
第一AP向第二AP发送第一无线帧后，向关联的第一STA发送第三无线帧，且第一无线帧中的第一指示信息用于指示第三无线帧的传输时长或者传输结束时间，使得第二AP发送的第二无线帧的传输结束时间与第三无线帧的传输结束时间相同。
场景三：第一AP不向第一STA发送无线帧。
在该场景下，第一AP可以不向第一STA发送无线帧，而仅仅是触发多个第二AP发送第二无线帧，并实现多个第二无线帧的对齐传输。
407、第二STA向第二AP发送第二确认帧。
408、第一STA向第一AP发送第四确认帧。
本实施例中，步骤407至步骤408与图2a所示的步骤207至步骤408类似，具体此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，除了实现下行无线帧的对齐传输，还可以实现上行确认 帧的对齐传输，例如实现第二确认帧和第四确认帧的对齐传输，或者多个第二确认帧间的对齐传输，具体如下：
第一无线帧中还可以包含第二确认帧的传输结束时间，使第二AP获得该第二确认帧的传输结束时间后，可以通过第二无线帧将该第二确认帧的传输结束时间指示给第二STA，以使得第二STA在接收到第二无线帧后，向第二AP发送第二确认帧，且该第二确认帧的传输结束时间如第一无线帧所指示。
可选的，当第一AP向第一STA发送第四无线帧后，该第四无线帧可包含第四确认帧的传输结束时间，其中，该第四确认帧的传输结束时间与第二确认帧的传输结束时间相同。
综上，本实施例即可实现确认帧之间的对齐传输，不会出现一个STA在发送确认帧，另一个STA在接收数据帧或者控制帧的情况，减少了STA之间的干扰，以及AP之间的干扰。
与图2a所示实施例中的第一无线帧类似，本实施例中的第一无线帧也可以触发多次的对齐传输，且触发的方式与图2a所示实施例中的第一无线帧触发的方式类似，具体此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，通过多AP协调调度的发送流程和信令，实现多AP协调并行进行对齐下行传输，降低干扰，提升吞吐率。
应该明白的是，在给定信号干扰比(signal to interference ratio，SIR)的情况下，当发送端选择的MCS过高时，由于接收端的SIR达不到高MCS所需的SIR，会出现丢包的情况。当发送端选择的MCS过低时，虽然丢包的概率很低，但是低MCS使得数据传输的速率较低，信道不能充分利用。因此，为了便于多个AP进行协调调度，每个AP都应该知道在多AP并行传输时，各AP关联的STA能够获得多高的SIR，便于AP在调度STA进行传输时选择合适的MCS。
因此，本申请实施例中，提供了一种信道信息预测方法，用于在多AP协调调度时，预测出站点的SIR，进而分配合适的MCS，来达到传输速率和丢包率的平衡。具体请参阅图5a，为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性的信息预测方法的流程图，包括：
501、第一AP发送广播帧。
第一AP向第一AP关联的全部STA发送广播帧，该广播帧用于向第一AP关联的STA指示需要进行信号质量检测的第二AP，其中，该广播帧中携带有第二AP的标识信息。需要说明的是，该第二AP包括至少一个AP，且该第二AP中可以包含第一AP。
本实施例中，第二AP的标识信息可以有多种情况，一个示例中，第二AP的标识信息可以为第二AP的MAC地址，另一个示例中，第二AP的标识信息可以为第二AP的部分MAC地址，或，第一AP为第二AP分配的地址，或第二AP自身确定的地址并指示给第一AP，以使得第一AP在广播帧中包含该地址，或，与第二AP存在耦合关系的设备(可以为STA或者AP)的标识信息，以使得该设备接收到第一AP向第二AP发送的帧后，通过该设备与第二AP的内部接口转发给第二AP。故第二AP的标识信息具体此处不做限定。
为便于描述，本实施例中，将第一AP关联的STA中的任一个或者多个称为第一STA， 故第一AP向第一STA发送广播帧，用于触发第一STA对第二AP与第一STA之间的信道进行检测。
本实施例中，该广播帧可以使用802.11标准现有的管理帧如信标帧(Beacon)、Probe Request帧等，也可使用非标准厂商自定义帧格式等，具体此处不做限定。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的第二AP也可以接收到第一AP发送的该广播帧。
502、第一STA接收目标AP发送的无线帧。
本实施例中，将能与第一STA进行通信的AP称为目标AP，可以理解的是，目标AP为部分或者全部的第二AP。因而，第一STA接收目标AP发送的无线帧，以检测第一STA与目标AP之间的信道。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，第一STA接收的无线帧可以由目标AP自主发送，也可以由目标AP被第一AP触发后所发送，以下将分别进行描述：
示例一、无线帧为目标AP自主发送。
该示例中，无线帧可以为目标AP发送的信标帧，该信标帧可以用来测量目标AP到信标帧接收者(即第一STA)的路损(path loss)。其中，该信标帧中可以携带目标AP自身的测量报告，该测量报告可以包含但不限于以下信息中的一种或者多种：目标AP的发送功率、目标AP周围设备的信号接收电平和功率。
示例二、无线帧为目标AP被第一AP触发后所发送。
在该示例中，步骤501中的广播帧还可用于触发第二AP顺序发送零数据报文(null data packet，NDP)，且广播帧中还包含顺序指示信息，该顺序指示信息用于指示第二AP发送NDP帧的顺序。需要说明的是，该广播帧可为加强零数据报文指示(enhanced-null data packet announcement，E-NDPA)帧。
因此，第二AP接收到第一AP发送的广播帧后，根据广播帧中的顺序指示信息按顺序发送NDP帧，其中，帧间间隔可以为SIFS。需要说明的是，该帧间间隔可以为默认间隔，或者由第一AP自定义，当第一AP自定义时，该广播帧中还携带帧间间隔的指示信息。为便于理解，请参阅图5b，为本实施例提供的一种示例性的传输示意图，图中，AP1广播E-NDPA帧(可理解为广播帧)，故AP1～AP3根据该E-NDPA帧中所指示的顺序，依次发送NDP帧，如AP1先发送NDP1帧，AP2再发送NDP2帧，AP3最后发送NDP3帧。可选的，AP1还可以发送触发(Trigger)帧，用于触发第一STA发送反馈(Feedback)帧，故第一STA接收到该Trigger帧后，根据接收到的NDP1帧～NDP3帧，反馈对应的Feedback1帧～Feedback3帧。
可选的，该广播帧中还可包含需要检测信道的STA的标识信息，该需要检测信道的STA的标识信息可以为MAC地址或者是IP地址。
因此，在上述两种示例中，区别在于，在示例一中，第一STA接收第二AP自主发送的无线帧(如信标帧)，进而根据该信标帧的接收信号强度来检测信道。在示例二中，各第二AP按照第一AP指示的顺序发送NDP帧，使得第一AP根据接收到的NDP帧来检测信道。
503、第一STA根据无线帧确定目标信道的信道质量信息。
需要说明的是，当采用步骤502中的示例二，即无线帧可为NDP帧时，第一STA还需 根据接收到的NDP帧确定目标AP，包括：第一STA根据广播帧中的第二指示信息获得第二AP发送NDP帧的顺序，并通过接收到的无线帧的顺序确定发送该无线帧的目标AP，例如，AP1首先发送NDP1，进而AP2再发送NDP2，AP3再发送NDP3……，当第一STA收到第二个NDP即NDP2时，即可根据第二AP发送NDP帧的顺序确定，发送第二个NDP的目标AP为AP2。
因此，第一STA接收到目标AP发送的无线帧后，根据该无线帧确定目标信道(即第一STA与目标AP之间的信道)的信道质量信息。具体的，第一STA可以根据无线帧携带的目标AP的测量报告获得目标AP的接收的信号强度指示(received signal strength indication，RSSI)或者目标AP的发送功率。因此，第一STA所确定的目标信道的信道质量信息可以为目标AP的RSSI，也可以为目标AP的发送功率，还可以为目标AP和第一STA之间的路径损耗(path loss)，因此，本实施例中，目标信道的信道质量信息所包含的内容可以为多种，具体此处不做限定。
可选的，当信道质量信息为目标AP和第一STA之间的path loss时，第一STA还需通过目标AP的发送功率和RSSI来计算该信道质量信息，具体计算方式可以为:
path loss＝TX Power+Gr+Gt-RSSI，其中，TX Power表示目标AP的发送功率，Gr表示接收天线增益，Gt表示发射天线增益，RSSI表示目标AP的信号接收强度，且Gr和Gt为预设数值。需要说明的是，实际应用中，有多种计算path loss的方式，此处不再一一赘述。
504、第一STA接收第一AP发送的触发帧。
可选的，第一STA还可接收到第一AP发送的触发帧，该触发帧用于触发第一STA发送反馈帧，且该触发帧可包含资源配置指示信息，该资源配置指示信息用于指示各第一STA回复反馈帧所使用的无线信道资源，其中，该资源配置信息可以包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或者多个组合：第一STA的RU分配信息，空间流(spatial and time stream，STS)信息或者正交码。
需要说明的是，第一AP生成的该触发帧可以是基于802.11ax标准定义的Trigger帧来设计，如图5c至5e所示，其中，图5c为802.11ax标准定义的一种示例性的Trigger帧的帧结构图，该Trigger帧的组成包括多个部分，如Frame Control，Common info，User info……等。图5d为图5c所示的Trigger帧中Common info部分所包含的信息的示意图。图5e为图5c所示的Trigger帧中User Info部分所包含的信息的示意图。其中，如图5c所示，当Trigger帧的Common info部分中，Trigger Type子域的取值不同时，该Trigger帧的作用也有所不同，如表四所示，为一种示例性的Trigger Type子域的取值和类型的对应关系表：
表四
Figure PCTCN2018107386-appb-000004
一个示例中，可以设置Trigger Type子域的取值为一个特定的值，例如，Trigger Type子域取值为8到15之间的某个值，当第一AP向第一STA发送该Trigger帧，即表示用于触发第一STA发送反馈帧。
需要注意的是，第一STA通过步骤502和步骤503确定目标信道的信道质量信息，第一STA通过步骤504接收第一AP发送的触发帧，而这两个过程之间并不存在步骤的先后顺序，可以先执行步骤502和步骤503，也可以先执行步骤504，或者同时执行，具体此处不做限定。
505、第一STA向第一AP发送反馈帧。
响应于第一AP发送的触发帧，第一STA向第一AP发送反馈帧，该反馈帧中包含目标信道的信道质量信息，其中，目标信道为第一STA与目标AP之间的信道。可以理解的是，该反馈帧中包含目标AP的标识信息，以向第一AP指示检测的是哪个AP。其中该目标AP的标识信息可以为目标AP的MAC地址。
可选的，本实施例，为了降低反馈帧的长度，可以用短ID来作为目标AP的标识，具体操作如下：
步骤501中的广播帧还包含第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示各第二AP的短ID，如图5f所示，为一种示例性的广播帧的帧结构示意图，图中，每一个AP info域均包含对应的MAC Address和Feedback ID(即短ID)。因此，对应的，第一STA向第一AP发送反馈帧时，反馈帧中携带短ID指示来指示目标AP的标识信息，如图5g所示，为一种示例性的反馈帧的帧结构示意图，图中，每一个AP Feedback info域均包含对应的Feedback ID(即短ID)和信道质量信息(如RSSI)。
可选的，第一STA发送的反馈帧所包含的信道质量信息可以为多种，例如可以包括目标AP的RSSI，和目标AP的发送功率信息，如图5h所示，为一种示例性的反馈帧的帧结构示意图，图中，每一个AP Feedback info域均包含对应的Feedback ID，TX Power和RSSI等。或者，信道质量信息还可以直接包括第一STA和目标AP之间的path loss，其中该path loss的值为第一STA通过目标AP的发送功率和RSSI计算得到，如图5i所示，为 另一种示例性的反馈帧的帧结构示意图，图中，每一个AP Feedback info域均包含对应的Feedback ID，path loss等。
可选的，在示例二中，由于第一STA可以接收到第一AP和第二AP的NDP帧，因此第一STA可以根据两个NDP帧的接收功率计算出第二AP的SIR或者干扰信号比(interference to signal ratio，ISR)，并在反馈帧中携带该第二AP的SIR或者ISR。
因此，第一STA向第一AP发送的反馈帧所包含的内容具体本实施例不做限定。
506、第一AP根据目标信道的信道质量信息预测第一STA的SIR。
第一AP接收到第一STA发送的反馈帧后，根据反馈帧中包含的目标信道的信道质量信息预测第一STA的SIR，其中，第一STA的SIR的计算公式可以为：SIR＝(第一AP的发送功率-第一AP与第一STA间的路径损耗)/(目标AP的发送功率-目标AP与第一STA间的路径损耗)，故第一AP可以通过第一STA反馈的目标信道的信道质量信息直接或者间接的获得目标AP与第一STA间的路径损耗，进而计算出第一STA的SIR。
可选的，第一AP还可以计算出第一STA的ISR，其中，ISR*SIR＝1。
可选的，本申请中还可以提供一种信息预测方法，包括：每个AP都保持监听信道，根据监听的结果获得每个STA(包括本小区STA和其他小区STA)的RSSI，然后把获得的RSSI信息发送给其他AP，每个AP在获取到其他AP发送的RSSI信息之后，可计算出每个STA在并行传输时的SIR，从而作为多AP协调调度传输的输入。为便于理解，举例来说，假设有两个AP，AP1和AP2，其中AP1关联了STA1，AP2关联了STA2。在历史的传输中，AP1会监测到STA1和STA2的信号，同样AP2也会监测到STA1和STA2的信号。AP1把STA1和STA2的信号强度发送给AP2后，如果AP2需要获得并行传输时STA2的SIR，就可以通过AP2监听到的STA2的信号强度和AP1发送的STA2的信号强度相除即可得到。
需要说明的是，图5a所示的信息预测方法不仅可以运用于本申请实施例中多AP协调方法的场景中，还可以独立运用于其他的在数据传输之前需要进行信息预测的场景，因此本申请图5a所提供的信息预测方法在实际中的应用场景具体此处不做限定。
上面对本申请实施例中多AP协调方法进行了描述，下面从硬件处理的角度对用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置进行详细描述。
图6示出了上述实施例中一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置600可能的结构示意图，该装置600可以配置成是前述第一接入点AP，该装置600可以包括：处理器602、计算机可读存储介质/存储器603、收发器604、输入设备605和输出设备606，以及总线601。其中，处理器，收发器，计算机可读存储介质等通过总线连接。本申请实施例不限定上述部件之间的具体连接介质。
收发器604可用于支持第一AP与上述实施例中的第二接入点AP之间进行通信，还支持第一AP与上述实施例中的第一接入点AP关联的一个或多个第一STA之间进行通信，可以执行图2a至图5i中涉及第一AP的收发过程和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其他过程。例如，收发器604可以用于至少向所述第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，其中，该第一无线帧包含用于指示第二AP发送的第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息，以及在第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与第一站点STA发送第三无线帧，其中第三无线帧的传输时长与所述 第二无线帧的传输时长相同。收发器604还可以执行图2a中的步骤208、图3a中的步骤306和步骤310、图4a中的步骤408，以及图5a中的步骤501、步骤504和步骤505。当然，收发器604还可以用于执行本申请所描述的技术的其他过程和方法。
处理器602用于对上述第一AP的动作进行控制管理，用于执行上述实施例中由第一AP进行的处理，可以执行图2a至图5i中涉及第一AP的处理过程和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其他过程，可以负责管理总线以及可以执行存储在存储器中的程序或指令。例如，处理器602可以执行图2a中的步骤201至步骤203、图3a中的步骤301至步骤303、图4a中的步骤401至步骤403，以及图5a中的步骤506。
计算机可读存储介质/存储器603中保存有执行本申请技术方案的程序，指令或数据。例如，计算机可读存储介质/存储器603可包含足以允许装置600向一个或多个第二AP发送第一无线帧的指令，还可以包含足以允许装置600在第二无线帧的发送期间内，向第一站点STA发送第三无线帧的指令，还可以包含足以允许装置600实现上述图2a至图5i中涉及第一AP的收发过程、处理过程和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其他过程。
可以理解的是，图6仅仅示出了第一AP的简化设计，在实际应用中，第一AP可以包含任意数量的收发器，处理器，存储器等，而所有的可以实现本申请的第一AP都在本申请的保护范围之内。
图7示出了上述实施例中一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置700可能的结构示意图，该装置700可以配置为前述第二AP，该装置700包括：处理器702、计算机可读存储介质/存储器703、收发器704、输入设备705和输出设备706，以及总线701。其中，处理器，收发器，计算机可读存储介质等通过总线连接。本申请实施例不限定上述部件之间的具体连接介质。
收发器704可用于支持第二AP与上述第一AP之间进行通信，还支持第二AP与上述实施例中的第二接入点AP关联的一个或多个第二STA之间进行通信，可以执行图2a至图4d中涉及第二AP的通信或交互过程和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其他过程。例如，收发器704可以用于接收由上述第一AP至少发送的第一无线帧，还可以用于在第一无线帧后，向第二STA发送第二无线帧。收发器704还用于执行图2a中的步骤204、步骤205和步骤207，图3a中的步骤304至步骤307，以及图4a中的步骤404、步骤405和步骤407。当然，收发器904还可以用于执行本申请所描述的技术的其他过程和方法。
处理器702用于对第二AP的动作进行控制管理，用于执行上述实施例中由第二AP进行的处理，可以执行图2a至图4d中涉及第二AP的处理过程和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其他过程，可以负责管理总线以及可以执行存储在存储器中的程序或指令。
计算机可读存储介质/存储器703中保存有执行本申请技术方案的程序，指令和数据。例如，计算机可读存储介质/存储器703可包含足以允许装置700接收由上述第一AP发送的第一无线帧的指令，还可以包含足以允许装置700在接收第一无线帧后，向第二STA发送第二无线帧的指令，还可以包含足以允许装置700实现上述图2a至图4d中涉及第二AP的收发过程、处理过程和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其他过程。
可以理解的是，图7仅仅示出了第二AP的简化设计，在实际应用中，第二AP可以包 含任意数量的收发器，处理器，存储器等，而所有的可以实现本申请的第二AP都在本申请的保护范围之内。
上述装置600和装置700中涉及的处理器可以是通用处理器，例如通用中央处理器(CPU)、网络处理器(network processor，NP)、微处理器等，也可以是特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circBIt，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。还可以是数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。控制器/处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。处理器通常是基于存储器内存储的程序指令来执行逻辑和算术运算。
上述涉及的计算机可读存储介质/存储器603与计算机可读存储介质/存储器703还可以保存有操作系统和其他应用程序。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，程序代码包括计算机操作指令。更具体的，上述存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备、磁盘存储器等等。存储器603可以是上述存储类型的组合。并且上述计算机可读存储介质/存储器可以在处理器中，还可以在处理器的外部，或在包括处理器或处理电路的多个实体上分布。上述计算机可读存储介质/存储器可以具体体现在计算机程序产品中。举例而言，计算机程序产品可以包括封装材料中的计算机可读介质。
可以替换的，装置600和装置700也可配置成通用处理系统，例如通称为芯片，该通用处理系统包括:提供处理器功能的一个或多个微处理器；以及提供存储介质的至少一部分的外部存储器，所有这些都通过外部总线体系结构与其它支持电路连接在一起。当存储器存储的指令被处理器执行时，使得处理器执行第一AP在图2a至图4d所述实施例中的多AP协调传输方法，以及图5a至图5i所述的实施例中的信道信息预测方法中的部分或全部步骤，例如图2a中的步骤201至步骤203、图3a中的步骤301至步骤303、图4a中的步骤401至步骤403，图5a中的步骤506，和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其它过程。或者，使得处理器执行第二AP在图2a至图4d所述实施例中的多AP协调传输方法中的部分或全部步骤，和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其它过程。或者，使得处理器执行第一STA在图5a至图5i所述实施例中的信道信息预测方法中的部分或全部步骤，例如图5a中的步骤503，和/或用于本申请所描述的技术的其它过程。
结合本申请公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于用户设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在 于用户设备中。
本申请实施例还提供一种装置，该装置可以是芯片，该装置可包括存储器，其中存储器用于存储指令。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制。尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (47)

  1. 一种多接入点AP协调传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入点AP生成第一无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧包含用于指示第二接入点AP发送的第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；
    所述第一接入点AP向所述第二接入点AP发送所述第一无线帧；
    所述第一接入点AP在所述第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与所述第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三无线帧的发送时间和所述第二无线帧的发送时间相同。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三无线帧的发送时间在第二无线帧的发送时间之前。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二接入点AP的标识信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一无线帧中还携带以下中的一个或者多个：
    所述第二接入点AP的发送功率信息；所述第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息；所述第一站点STA的标识信息；所述第一站点STA的发送功率信息；和所述第一接入点AP的发送功率信息。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三无线帧的传输时长与所述第二无线帧的传输时长相同。
  8. 一种多接入点AP协调传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧包含用于指示第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；
    在所述第一接入点AP向与所述第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧的发送期间内，所述第二接入点AP向与所述第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送所述第二无线帧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二无线帧的发送时间和所述第三无线帧的发送时间相同。
  11. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二无线帧的发送时间在所述第三无线帧的发送时间之前。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二接入点AP的标识信息。
  13. 根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一无线帧中还携带以下中的一个或者多个：
    所述第二接入点AP的发送功率信息；所述第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息；所述第一站点STA的标识信息；所述第一站点STA的发送功率信息；和所述第一接入点AP的发送功率信息。
  14. 根据权利要求8至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二无线帧的传输时长与所述第三无线帧的传输时长相同。
  15. 一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，所述装置应用于第一接入点AP侧，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理器，用于生成第一无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧包含用于指示第二接入点AP发送的第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；
    收发器，用于向所述第二接入点AP发送所述第一无线帧；
    所述收发器，还用于在所述第二无线帧的发送期间内，向与所述第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三无线帧的发送时间和所述第二无线帧的发送时间相同。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三无线帧的发送时间在第二无线帧的发送时间之前。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二接入点AP的标识信息。
  20. 根据权利要求15至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一无线帧中还携带以下中的一个或者多个：
    所述第二接入点AP的发送功率信息；所述第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息；所述第一站点STA的标识信息；所述第一站点STA的发送功率信息；所述第一接入点AP的发送功率信息。
  21. 根据权利要求15至20中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三无线帧的传输时长与所述第二无线帧的传输时长相同。
  22. 一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，所述装置应用于第二接入点AP侧，其特征在于，包括：
    收发器，用于接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧包含用于指示第二无线帧的传输时长的指示信息；
    在所述第一接入点AP向与所述第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送第三无线帧的发送期间内，所述收发器，还用于向与所述第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送所述第 二无线帧。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二无线帧的发送时间和结束时间。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二无线帧的发送时间和所述第三无线帧的发送时间相同。
  25. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二无线帧的发送时间在所述第三无线帧的发送时间之前。
  26. 根据权利要求22至25中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第二接入点AP的标识信息。
  27. 根据权利要求22至26中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一无线帧中还携带以下中的一个或者多个：
    所述第二接入点AP的发送功率信息；所述第一接入点AP可容忍的最大干扰门限信息；所述第一站点STA的标识信息；所述第一站点STA的发送功率信息；所述第一接入点AP的发送功率信息。
  28. 根据权利要求22至27中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二无线帧的传输时长与所述第三无线帧的传输时长相同。
  29. 一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入点AP生成第一无线帧；
    所述第一接入点AP向第二接入点AP发送所述第一无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧用于触发所述第二接入点AP向与所述第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送第二无线帧，其中，所述第一无线帧包含第一指示信息，以使得所述第二接入点AP根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第二无线帧的传输结束时间。
  30. 一种多接入点AP协调传输的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二接入点AP接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，所述第一无线帧携带有第一指示信息；
    所述第二接入点AP根据所述第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间；
    所述第二接入点AP向所述第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送所述第二无线帧。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息用于指示该第一无线帧的传输结束时间或者所述第一无线帧的传输时长，所述第一无线帧的传输结束时间与所述第二无线帧的传输结束时间相同；
    所述第二接入点AP根据所述第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间包括：
    所述第二接入点AP将所述第一无线帧的传输结束时间确定为所述第二无线帧的传输结束时间；
    或，所述第二接入点AP根据所述第一无线帧的传输时长和所述第一无线帧的传输开始时间确定所述第一无线帧的传输结束时间，所述第一无线帧的传输结束时间与所述第二无 线帧的传输结束时间相等。
  32. 一种信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一站点STA从第一接入点AP接收广播帧，其中，所述广播帧包含第二接入点AP的标识信息，且所述广播帧用于触发所述第一站点STA对第二接入点AP与第一站点STA之间信道的检测，所述第一站点STA与所述第一接入点AP关联；
    所述第一站点STA根据接收到的目标AP发送的无线帧确定目标信道的信道质量信息，所述目标信道为所述目标AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道，所述目标AP包含于所述第二接入点AP；
    所述第一站点STA向所述第一接入点AP发送反馈帧，所述反馈帧包含所述目标信道的信道质量信息。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，
    所述广播帧还可以包含有顺序指示信息，其中，所述顺序指示信息用于指示所述第二接入点AP顺序广播零数据报文NDP。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，所述目标AP发送的无线帧为零数据报文NDP，在所述第一站点STA接收所述目标AP发送的无线帧之后，在所述第一站点STA向所述第一接入点AP发送反馈帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一站点STA根据所述顺序指示信息确定所述目标AP。
  35. 根据权利要求32-34任一所述的信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，在所述第一站点STA向所述第一接入点AP发送反馈帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一站点STA接收所述第一接入点AP发送的触发帧，其中，所述触发帧用于触发所述第一站点STA发送所述反馈帧，所述触发帧包含资源调度信息，所述资源调度信息用于指示所述第一站点STA发送所述反馈帧所使用的信道资源；
    或，所述第一站点STA成功竞争到信道，所述信道用于发送所述反馈帧。
  36. 一种信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入点AP向所述第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送广播帧，所述广播帧携带有第二接入点AP的标识信息，所述广播帧用于触发所述第一站点STA对所述第二接入点AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道进行检测；
    所述第一接入点AP接收所述第一站点STA发送的反馈帧，所述反馈帧携带有所述第一站点STA检测到的目标信道的信道质量信息，其中，所述目标信道为目标AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道，所述目标AP为与所述第一站点STA进行通信的接入点AP，且所述目标AP包含于所述第二接入点AP。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，在所述第一接入点AP接收所述第一站点STA发送的反馈帧之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入点AP根据所述目标AP的信道质量信息确定所述第一站点STA的信干比SIR。
  38. 根据权利要求36或37所述的信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，在所述第一接入点AP接收所述第一站点STA发送的反馈帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入点AP向所述第一站点STA发送触发帧，所述触发帧用于触发所述第一站点STA发送所述反馈帧，所述触发帧中携带有资源调度信息，所述资源调度信息用于指示所述第一站点STA发送所述反馈帧所使用的信道资源。
  39. 根据权利要求36-38任一所述的信道信息预测方法，其特征在于，
    所述广播帧还携带有顺序指示信息，所述顺序指示信息用于指示所述第二接入点AP发送空数据分组NDP的顺序，以使得所述第一站点STA根据接收到的所述NDP对所述第二接入点AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道进行信号质量检测。
  40. 一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，所述装置应用于第一接入点AP侧，包括：
    处理器，用于生成第一无线帧；
    收发器，用于向第二接入点AP发送第一无线帧，所述第一无线帧用于触发所述第二接入点AP向所述第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送第二无线帧；
    其中，所述第一无线帧包含第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于使得所述第二接入点AP确定所述第二无线帧的传输结束时间。
  41. 一种用于多接入点AP协调传输的装置，所述装置应用于第二接入点AP侧，包括：
    收发器，用于接收第一接入点AP发送的第一无线帧，所述第一无线帧携带有第一指示信息；
    确定单元，用于根据所述第一指示信息确定第二无线帧的传输结束时间；
    所述收发器，还用于向所述第二接入点AP关联的第二站点STA发送所述第二无线帧。
  42. 一种用于信道信息检测的装置，所述装置应用于第一站点STA侧，包括：
    收发器，用于接收第一接入点AP发送的广播帧，所述广播帧包含第二接入点AP的标识信息，所述广播帧用于触发所述第一站点STA对所述第二接入点AP与所述第一站点STA之间信道的检测，所述第一站点STA与所述第一接入点AP关联；
    确定单元，用于根据接收到的目标AP发送的无线帧确定目标信道的信道质量信息，所述目标信道为所述目标AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道，所述目标AP包含于所述第二接入点AP；
    所述收发器还用于，向所述第一接入点AP发送反馈帧，所述反馈帧包含所述目标信道的信道质量信息。
  43. 一种用于信道信息检测的装置，所述装置应用于第一接入点AP侧，包括：
    收发器，用于向第一接入点AP关联的第一站点STA发送广播帧，所述广播帧携带有第二接入点AP的标识信息，所述广播帧用于触发所述第一站点STA对所述第二接入点AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道进行检测；
    接收所述第一站点STA发送的反馈帧，所述反馈帧携带有所述第一站点STA检测到的目标信道的信道质量信息，所述目标信道为目标AP与所述第一站点STA之间的信道，所述目标AP包含于所述第二接入点AP。
  44. 一种装置，所述装置包括：
    存储器，所述存储器用于存储指令；
    当所述存储器存储的指令被处理器执行时，支持所述处理器实现如权利要求1-14、29-39任意一项所述的方法中相应的功能。
  45. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-14、29-39任意一项所述的方法。
  46. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-14、29-39任意一项所述的方法。
  47. 一种装置被配置用于执行权利要求1至权利要求14，权利要求29至权利要求39中任一项所述的方法。
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