WO2019153128A1 - 指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019153128A1
WO2019153128A1 PCT/CN2018/075489 CN2018075489W WO2019153128A1 WO 2019153128 A1 WO2019153128 A1 WO 2019153128A1 CN 2018075489 W CN2018075489 W CN 2018075489W WO 2019153128 A1 WO2019153128 A1 WO 2019153128A1
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Prior art keywords
point
pixel
block
reference point
reference block
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭波
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/075489 priority Critical patent/WO2019153128A1/zh
Priority to CN201880000115.7A priority patent/CN108323206B/zh
Publication of WO2019153128A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019153128A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1347—Preprocessing; Feature extraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/98—Detection or correction of errors, e.g. by rescanning the pattern or by human intervention; Evaluation of the quality of the acquired patterns
    • G06V10/993—Evaluation of the quality of the acquired pattern

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of fingerprint collection, and in particular, to a fingerprint data processing method and apparatus, and a computer readable storage medium.
  • Fingerprint sensors are the key components for fingerprint acquisition.
  • the fingerprint sensor is divided into an optical fingerprint sensor, a capacitive fingerprint sensor, a semiconductor thermal fingerprint sensor, etc. according to the sensing principle, that is, the principle and technology of fingerprint imaging.
  • capacitive touch screens have been widely used in today's society.
  • the principle of the capacitive fingerprint sensor is that the sensor provides a pixel array composed of a plurality of pixels. Since the fingerprint is uneven, the distance between the bump and the pixel at the bump is different, and thus the capacitance is different. In practical applications, in the process of obtaining fingerprint images, various common mode interferences and noise interferences may be affected, for example, the background common mode interference and noise of the fingerprint sensor, and finally affect the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the present application provides a fingerprint data processing method and apparatus, and a computer readable storage medium for improving the quality of fingerprint imaging.
  • a first aspect of the present application is to provide a fingerprint data processing method, including: selecting a reference point from pixel points of a pixel array; and performing difference processing on fingerprint data of each pixel point and fingerprint data of the reference point to The processed fingerprint data is obtained; and the fingerprint image is obtained according to the processed fingerprint data.
  • a second aspect of the present application is to provide a fingerprint data processing apparatus, including: a point selection module for selecting a reference point from pixels of a pixel array; and a processing module for using the fingerprint data of each pixel point The fingerprint data of the reference point is subjected to a difference processing to obtain the processed fingerprint data.
  • the processing module is further configured to obtain a fingerprint image according to the processed fingerprint data.
  • a third aspect of the present application is to provide a fingerprint data processing apparatus including: at least one processor and a memory; the memory storing computer executing instructions; the at least one processor executing the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory to Perform the method as described above.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application is to provide a computer readable storage medium having stored therein program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method as previously described.
  • the fingerprint data processing method and device and the computer readable storage medium provided by the present application, when a fingerprint is required to be collected, select a pixel point from a pixel array of the fingerprint sensor as a reference point, and fingerprint data of each pixel point in the pixel array and the reference.
  • the fingerprint data of the point is subjected to difference to eliminate background common mode interference and noise, and the processed fingerprint data is obtained, and the fingerprint image is obtained based on the processed fingerprint data.
  • the solution can eliminate the influence of background common mode interference and noise, and improve the quality of fingerprint imaging.
  • 1 is a schematic structural view of a pixel array
  • FIGS. 2A to 2D are schematic flowcharts of a fingerprint data processing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • 3A-3E are schematic flowcharts of a fingerprint data processing method according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • 4A to 4B are diagrams showing an example of selecting a reference block
  • 4C is a diagram showing an example of a sum of distances of respective reference blocks covered by the pressing area shown in FIG. 4A;
  • 4D is a schematic structural diagram of a reference block
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit system of a fingerprint sensor according to Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • 6A-6B are schematic structural diagrams of a fingerprint data processing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIGS. 7A-7B are schematic structural diagrams of a fingerprint data processing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel array of a capacitive fingerprint sensor, where the pixel array is composed of a plurality of pixel dots arranged in an array. Specifically, when the finger is pressed on the pixel array, a capacitance is formed between each pixel point and the finger, and the electrical signal collected by each pixel point for characterizing the magnitude of the capacitance value is also different due to the unevenness of the fingerprint. In practical applications, the fingerprint array converts the capacitance value of each pixel into an electrical signal output, and after a series of processing on the electrical signal, a fingerprint image is finally obtained.
  • the fingerprint acquisition process usually carries background common mode interference and noise.
  • the electronic components of the capacitive fingerprint sensor generate some electrical signals during the working process.
  • the finger of the living body is pressed on the sensor, and the self-carrying some electrical signals also injects noise into the electrical signal induced by the sensor, for example, an electrostatic signal, a physiological part of the living body other than the fingerprint, and a fingerprint array of the sensor.
  • Capacitors are all referred to herein as background common mode interference and noise. If the background common mode interference and noise are not considered in the fingerprint acquisition, these signals will affect the quality of the final fingerprint image, resulting in inaccurate fingerprint images.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic flowchart of a fingerprint data processing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides a fingerprint data processing method, which is used to eliminate the fingerprint data processing method. Background common mode interference and noise impact on fingerprint collection.
  • the fingerprint data processing method includes:
  • Step 102 Perform difference processing on fingerprint data of each pixel point and fingerprint data of the reference point to obtain processed fingerprint data.
  • the execution body of the fingerprint data processing method may be a fingerprint data processing device.
  • the fingerprint data processing device may be implemented by a software code, and the fingerprint data processing device may also be a medium storing an associated execution code, for example, a USB flash drive, etc.; or the fingerprint data processing device may also be integrated or A physical device with associated execution code installed, such as a fingerprint sensor, a chip, a smart device, a computer, and various electronic devices.
  • the fingerprint data processing device may be a fingerprint detecting chip integrated or installed with an execution code, and the fingerprint detecting chip may be separately disposed and connected with the fingerprint sensor in an actual application, or may be integrally packaged in the fingerprint sensor.
  • the fingerprint array of the fingerprint sensor converts the collected capacitance value into an analog signal output to the fingerprint detection chip, and the fingerprint detection chip is responsible for executing the fingerprint data processing scheme of the present application to eliminate the influence of the background common mode interference and noise on the fingerprint collection. .
  • the fingerprint array converts the capacitance of each pixel point sensed into an analog signal output, and fingerprint data of each pixel point can be obtained based on the analog signal, and the fingerprint data is used for Performing a series of arithmetic processing to obtain a fingerprint image, in order to eliminate the background, the reference point is selected from the pixel points of the fingerprint array, and the fingerprint data of the pixel point and the fingerprint signal of the reference point are subjected to difference processing to eliminate Background common mode interference and noise in the fingerprint data; the background common mode interference and noise in the fingerprint data subjected to the difference processing have been eliminated by the difference processing, so the fingerprint image obtained based on the processed fingerprint data is more accurate, better quality.
  • the fingerprint data used to perform the above processing may be obtained based on an analog signal output by the pixel array.
  • the method further includes: 104, performing integral amplification on an analog signal output by the pixel point, and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the integrated amplified analog signal to obtain the Fingerprint data for pixels.
  • the selection of the reference point plays a very important role in the quality of the final fingerprint image.
  • This scheme considers the stability and reliability of the reference point selection, and in order to better optimize the quality of the fingerprint image,
  • the reference point is selected from the pixels of the fingerprint acquisition to avoid introducing other common mode interference and noise interference during fingerprint collection.
  • the pixel used for fingerprint acquisition here, that is, the pixel point covered by the area when the finger is pressed on the fingerprint array.
  • the reference point is located in the pressing area, so the induced electrical signal carries the same or similar background common mode interference and noise as the pixels in the other pressing area, and further, through the scheme
  • the difference processing can eliminate the background common mode interference and noise carried in the electrical signals induced by the pixel points for fingerprint acquisition, and finally improve the imaging quality.
  • the static reference point may be preset in combination with the usage habit, as shown in FIG. 2B.
  • 101 may specifically include:
  • the reference point can be set to a pixel located at the center of the fingerprint array, so that it is in the pressing area.
  • the reference point and the fingerprint data of the pixel used for fingerprint collection are obtained by outputting the converted analog signal based on the capacitance value generated by the induction. Therefore, selecting the pixel point in the pressing area as a reference point can avoid introducing other Common mode interference and noise interference.
  • a static reference point is set in combination with the usage habit. After the static reference point is set, when the fingerprint is collected, the difference processing can be directly performed according to the preset reference point fingerprint data, without determining each fingerprint collection.
  • the reference point is to improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection while improving the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • a dynamic reference point may be set in combination with the pressing area at the time of fingerprint collection, as shown in FIG. 2C.
  • 101 may specifically include :
  • the pixel in the center of the pressing area is dynamically selected as the reference point according to the pressing area at the time of fingerprint collection.
  • the reference point is dynamically determined based on the pressing area, and therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the reference point selection is inaccurate due to the position where the user places the finger off the center area.
  • the reference point is located in the central area of the pressing area, and even if the user's finger moves, the reference point selection of the fingerprint collection is not affected, thereby ensuring the stability of the reference point selection, thereby improving the stability of the fingerprint image.
  • a dynamic reference point is set based on the pressing area of the current fingerprint collection, which avoids inaccurate selection of reference points caused by the finger being placed away from the central area, thereby improving the reliability of the reference point selection and optimizing the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the reference point is the central pixel point of the fingerprint array or the central pixel point of the pressing area
  • the central pixel point of the pixel array in the present application refers to a pixel point located at a geometric center position of the pixel array
  • the central pixel point of the pressed area refers to a pixel point located at a geometric center position of the pressing area.
  • the central area in the present application is relative to the peripheral area.
  • the central area may be an area centered on the geometric center and circled along a certain range.
  • the area of the central area may be determined according to the size of the fingerprint array or Actual needs to be determined.
  • fingerprint arrays may have damaged pixels during manufacture or use, and these pixels are collectively referred to as dead pixels.
  • the dead point cannot be sensed by the finger, so the fingerprint data does not change with the change of the external input signal (such as the user's finger press). If the dead point is selected as the reference point, the quality of the fingerprint image will be affected.
  • FIG. 2D on the basis of any of the embodiments, before 101, further includes:
  • the method of detecting dead pixels can be implemented in various ways.
  • the dead pixels in the pixel array are determined; after the dead pixels are determined, the bad points are excluded when the reference points are selected, so as to improve the reliability of the reference point selection and ensure the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the pixel point is selected from the pixel array of the fingerprint sensor as a reference point, and the fingerprint data of each pixel in the pixel array is compared with the fingerprint data of the reference point.
  • the processed fingerprint data is obtained, and the fingerprint image is obtained based on the processed fingerprint data.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic flowchart of a fingerprint data processing method according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides a fingerprint data.
  • the processing method, the fingerprint data processing method is used to quickly and reliably select a reference point.
  • the fingerprint data processing method further includes:
  • each reference block being composed of at least two pixels
  • 101 may specifically include:
  • a plurality of reference blocks may be selected from the fingerprint array in advance or when a reference point needs to be selected, wherein each reference block is composed of a plurality of pixel points.
  • the number of reference blocks can be set according to needs. The more the selected number, the more reliable the selected reference point, but the calculation amount will also increase, so it can be set in combination with the accuracy and efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • the reference point selection may be performed in units of reference blocks. Specifically, each reference block selects one pixel point as an alternate reference point, and after selecting the candidate reference point, finally from each reference block. The final reference point is selected from the alternate reference points.
  • the reference point can be efficiently and quickly selected without traversing all the pixel points of the fingerprint array, thereby improving the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • 201 may specifically include:
  • a plurality of evenly spaced reference blocks are selected from the pixel array.
  • the size of the reference block that is, the number of pixels it contains may be preset, and the size of each pixel block may be the same or different.
  • the reference blocks are uniformly selected from the pixel array.
  • the sizes of the reference blocks may be the same and the reference blocks are evenly distributed.
  • FIG. 4A is an exemplary diagram of selecting a reference block. As shown in the figure, the shaded portion is the selected reference block (each pixel is not shown in the figure), and the example is selected. There are 15 reference blocks (the reference blocks are labeled in the figure), and the 15 reference blocks are evenly distributed. It should be noted that the figure is only an example, which does not limit the shape, size, and uniform distribution of the reference block.
  • multiple reference blocks uniformly distributed in the fingerprint array are selected from the fingerprint array.
  • an alternate reference point is selected from each uniformly distributed reference block to ensure coverage of the reference point selection area. The degree to improve the reliability of the reference point selection.
  • 201 may specifically include:
  • the distribution densities of the plurality of reference blocks are decremented from a central area to an edge area of the pixel array.
  • the size of the reference blocks can be the same or different.
  • the reference block when the fingerprint is collected, the user usually places the finger in the central area of the fingerprint array. Therefore, when the reference block is selected, the reference block can be densely selected for the central region of the pixel array, and the edge region of the pixel array can be sparse.
  • the reference block is selected to reduce the amount of data and improve efficiency while ensuring accurate selection of the reference point.
  • each reference block may have the same size and a distribution density of the plurality of reference blocks decreases from a central area to an edge area of the pixel array.
  • FIG. 4B is an exemplary diagram of selecting a reference block. As shown in the figure, the shaded portion is the selected reference block.
  • 15 reference blocks are selected, and the 15 references are used.
  • the distribution density of the blocks decreases from the central area of the pixel array to the edge area. It should be noted that the figure is only an example, which does not limit the manner of the shape, size, and density distribution of the reference block.
  • the reference block is densely selected from the central area of the fingerprint array according to the usage habit, and the reference point is sparsely selected from the peripheral area of the fingerprint array to realize density discrimination of different regions, and the accuracy and efficiency of the reference point selection can be ensured.
  • 1014 may specifically include: using a central pixel point of each reference block as an alternative reference point of the reference block.
  • the central pixel point is easy to determine, so the efficiency and convenience of reference point selection can be improved.
  • a method of determining a reference block closest to the center from a reference block of a certain area may be referred to, similarly, each pixel point of the reference block is referenced. In determining the center pixel, it can be understood that the sum of the distances between the center pixel and all other pixels is the smallest.
  • the final reference points need to be selected from the candidate reference points.
  • the reference point can be selected from the candidate reference points in multiple ways, for example, static selection and dynamic selection.
  • a static reference point may be selected from the candidate reference points according to the usage habit.
  • 1015 may specifically include:
  • the embodiment still adopts a common usage habit, that is, the user usually places a finger that needs to collect a fingerprint in a central area of the pixel array. Therefore, after selecting each reference block, the most directly selected from the reference blocks are selected.
  • the embodiment combines the reference block and the static selection reference point scheme to further effectively improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • the present embodiment combines the reference block and the usage habit to set a static reference point, and the reference block can effectively reduce the amount of data to be processed, and by setting the static reference point, it is not necessary to determine the reference point every time the fingerprint is collected, thereby improving the fingerprint image. At the same time of quality, the efficiency of fingerprint collection is further improved.
  • the dynamic reference point may be selected from the candidate reference points in combination with the pressing area of the fingerprint collection.
  • 1015 may specifically include:
  • the reference block covered by the pressing area is used as a current reference block.
  • an alternative reference point of a reference block closest to the center of the pressing area is dynamically selected as a reference point according to the pressing area at the time of fingerprint collection.
  • the reference point selected based on the present embodiment is an alternative reference point of the reference block 3.
  • the reference point is dynamically determined based on the pressing area, and it is possible to avoid a situation in which the reference point is inaccurately selected due to the position where the user places the finger off the center area.
  • the present embodiment can also avoid frequent re-determination of the reference point due to frequent movement of the user's finger.
  • the candidate reference point of the reference block 1 in the pressed area is selected as the reference point
  • the subsequent pressing area is likely not Then cover the reference block 1, and then the reference point needs to be re-selected.
  • the fingerprint image obtained based on the new reference point will change strongly, and the stability of the fingerprint image cannot be guaranteed.
  • the candidate reference point of the reference block 3 is selected as the reference point.
  • the reference block 3 Since the reference block 3 is close to the center of the pressing area, even if the user's finger moves a small distance, the subsequent pressing area can cover the reference block 3, There is no need to re-select the reference point, and the fingerprint image will not change, thus ensuring the stability of the reference point selection, thereby improving the stability of the fingerprint image.
  • the reference block and the dynamic reference point are set based on the pressing area, while improving the fingerprint collection efficiency, avoiding the finger placement from being off-center, the reference point selection caused by the movement is unstable, and improving the reliability of the reference point selection. Optimize the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the reference block closest to the center in a certain area can be determined in various ways.
  • the candidate reference point of the reference block that is closest to the center is set as a reference point, and specifically includes:
  • the distance between the reference blocks can be reflected by various distance parameters, for example, the Euclidean distance between the reference blocks.
  • the present embodiment determines which reference block is closest to the center of the region determined by the reference blocks by comparing the sum of the distances between the reference blocks and the other reference blocks.
  • the distance between reference blocks it may be defined as the distance between the central pixel points of the reference block.
  • calculating the distance between reference blocks can be implemented in a variety of ways. As an example, based on the foregoing embodiment, the sum of the distances between each reference block and all other reference blocks is calculated in 203, and specifically includes:
  • i is the variable used to characterize the reference block
  • Dis is the sum of the distances between the reference block and all other reference blocks
  • n is the number of reference blocks
  • x is the abscissa of the central pixel of the reference block
  • y is the reference The ordinate of the center pixel of the block.
  • the coordinate system can be established based on the pixel array, wherein x and y in the above formula are the abscissa and the ordinate of the central pixel point of each reference block in the coordinate system, respectively, where the central pixel point refers to each of the reference blocks.
  • the pixel located at the geometric center of the reference block.
  • the distance between the reference blocks can be calculated and summed.
  • i is a variable with a value ranging from 1 to n, and the value of i is different for the reference block, and n is the number of reference blocks.
  • the reference block in this embodiment is the current reference block.
  • the reference block in this embodiment refers to all reference blocks selected at the initial time
  • the reference block of the embodiment refers only to the reference block currently in the coverage area of the pressed area among all the reference blocks selected at the initial time. It can be understood that the reference blocks in the circled area are different, and the reference blocks closest to the center of the circled area may be different.
  • the distance between each reference block is obtained, and the reference block closest to the center in a certain area is quickly and accurately determined based on the minimum sum of the distances, thereby quickly Select the reference point to improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • the method of calculating the distance between reference blocks can be implemented in the form of a physical circuit.
  • the sum of the distances between each reference block and all other reference blocks is calculated in 203, which may specifically include:
  • i is the variable used to characterize the reference block
  • Dis is the sum of the distances between the reference block and all other reference blocks
  • n is the number of reference blocks
  • x is the abscissa of the central pixel of the reference block
  • y is the reference The ordinate of the center pixel of the block.
  • the coordinate system can be established based on the pixel array, and x and y in the above formula are the abscissa and the ordinate of the central pixel point of each reference block in the coordinate system, respectively.
  • the distance between the reference blocks can be calculated and summed.
  • the calculation of the square root is not performed. It can be understood that the sum of the distances corresponding to the reference blocks is used for comparison to determine the minimum value of the result.
  • the calculated result can reflect the relative size of the size. Without calculating the square root, the reference block closest to the center can still be accurately determined, and the determined result has no deviation from the result determined by the previous embodiment. .
  • the reference block closest to the center in a certain area is determined, and the calculation process of the square root is omitted in the process of calculating the distance, thereby improving the reference point.
  • the efficiency of selection and fingerprint acquisition can simplify the implementation of the circuit.
  • the sum of the distances corresponding to the calculated reference blocks may be stored in the list of FIG. 4C, and FIG. 4C is an example of the sum of the distances of the reference blocks covered by the pressing area shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the sum of the distances corresponding to the reference block 3 is the smallest, which is 10. Therefore, it is determined that the reference block 3 is the reference block closest to the center of the pressing area, which is farthest from the boundary of the pressing area, and can better reflect the situation of the center of the pressing area. Provide a better reference.
  • the method may further include:
  • the step of filtering out the bad points needs to be performed before the final reference point is selected.
  • the step of filtering out the dead pixels may be performed when an alternate reference point is selected for each reference block, that is, the bad points are excluded when the candidate reference points are selected, and the selected candidate reference points are not selected.
  • the candidate reference points may be selected after each reference point, that is, after selecting the candidate reference points of each reference block, the bad points in the candidate reference points are excluded, and the final reference point is selected after the exclusion. .
  • the method further includes:
  • 4D is a schematic structural diagram of a reference block.
  • the reference block size is 8 ⁇ 3, that is, 8 rows of pixels, and the number of columns of each row of pixels is 3 columns.
  • the two pixels filled with the shadow are the central pixel of the reference block. If the two pixels are not dead pixels, one of them may be selected as an alternative reference point for the reference block.
  • When detecting whether it is a bad point first calculate the sum of the fingerprint data of the 24 pixel points and average them, and then compare the two pixel points and the average value respectively, and if the difference is large, it is determined as a bad point.
  • the present embodiment calculates an average value of fingerprint data of all pixel points in the reference block. If the fingerprint data of a certain pixel point is compared with the average value, the value of the difference (which may be an absolute value) exceeds a certain threshold, then the determination is performed.
  • This pixel is a dead pixel.
  • the threshold value can be set according to actual experience. Through the embodiment, the dead point can be quickly and conveniently determined, and the reliability of the reference point selection and the fingerprint collection is improved.
  • the fingerprint data processing method when a fingerprint is required to be collected, multiple reference blocks are selected from the pixel array of the fingerprint sensor, and each reference block corresponds to an alternate reference point, and then the final reference point is selected from the candidate reference points.
  • the reference point can effectively reduce the amount of data selected by the reference point, improve the selection efficiency, and further improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit system of a fingerprint sensor according to Embodiment 3 of the present application, which is used to perform the fingerprint data processing method provided by the present application.
  • the fingerprint sensor includes a pixel array 11, a processing circuit 12, a dead point filtering module 13, and a distance comparing module 14.
  • the pixel array 11 converts the capacitance value of each pixel to an analog signal output to the processing circuit 12, and the processing circuit 12 sequentially performs an integral amplification and an analog-to-digital conversion process on the analog signal.
  • the method of step 104 in the first embodiment can be performed.
  • Obtaining fingerprint data of each pixel point the fingerprint data is a digital signal
  • the processing circuit 12 outputs the obtained digital signal to the bad point filtering module 13.
  • the dead point filtering module 13 determines which pixel points are based on the fingerprint data of each pixel point.
  • a dead pixel may perform the method of step 2051 to step 2025 in the foregoing embodiment 2, and filter the bad point from the pixel, for example, may perform step 105 or step 204 as described above, and filter out the dead pixel and retain
  • the next pixel is sent to the distance comparison module 14.
  • the distance comparison module 14 compares the sum of the distances between the remaining pixels and other pixels to select a reference point.
  • the first embodiment can be executed.
  • the distance comparison module 14 feeds back the fingerprint data of the reference point to the pixel array 11 so that the processor of the fingerprint sensor performs the difference processing between the fingerprint data of each pixel in the pixel array 11 and the fingerprint data of the reference point, and The fingerprint image is obtained according to the processed fingerprint data.
  • the processor of the fingerprint sensor can perform the method of step 102 and step 103 in the first embodiment according to the reference point selected by the distance comparison module 14.
  • each module of the fingerprint sensor in this embodiment is an example description. It can be understood that if a module can perform a certain method step in the foregoing method embodiment, the module can also perform an implementation for implementing the method step.
  • the distance comparison module 14 is configured to perform the foregoing method of step 101, and correspondingly, refer to the specific implementation manner of step 101 in the foregoing method embodiment. In a possible implementation manner, the distance is The comparison module 14 may perform step 1011, or step 1012 and step 1013, or step 1014 and step 1015. In practical applications, each module of the fingerprint sensor can perform corresponding steps by referring to the foregoing method embodiment to implement the fingerprint data processing method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint data processing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides a fingerprint data processing apparatus for eliminating background common mode interference and noise pair fingerprints.
  • the impact of the collection, specifically, the fingerprint data processing device includes:
  • a point selection module 61 configured to select a reference point from pixels of the pixel array
  • the processing module 62 is configured to perform difference processing on the fingerprint data of each pixel point and the fingerprint data of the reference point to obtain processed fingerprint data;
  • the processing module 62 is further configured to obtain a fingerprint image according to the processed fingerprint data.
  • the fingerprint data processing device may be implemented by a software code, where the fingerprint data processing device may also be a medium storing an associated execution code, such as a USB flash drive, etc.; or the fingerprint data processing device may also be integrated or installed.
  • the point selection module 61 can be implemented by the distance comparison module 14 in FIG. 5
  • the processing module 62 can be implemented by the processor of the fingerprint sensor in the embodiment of FIG. 5, which is described in this embodiment.
  • the pixel array can be implemented by the pixel array 11 in FIG.
  • the fingerprint data processing device may be a fingerprint detecting chip integrated or installed with an execution code, and the fingerprint detecting chip may be separately disposed and connected with the fingerprint sensor in an actual application, or may be integrally packaged in the fingerprint sensor.
  • the fingerprint array of the fingerprint sensor converts the collected capacitance value into an analog signal output to the fingerprint detection chip, and the fingerprint detection chip is responsible for executing the fingerprint data processing scheme of the present application to eliminate the influence of the background common mode interference and noise on the fingerprint collection. .
  • the fingerprint data used to perform the above processing may be obtained based on an analog signal output by the pixel array.
  • the processing module 62 is further configured to perform integral amplification on the analog signal outputted by the pixel, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the integrated amplified analog signal to obtain the pixel.
  • Point fingerprint data In combination with the circuit system shown in FIG. 5, the module for obtaining fingerprint data in this example can be split into separate modules, so the processing module 62 in this example can be implemented by the processing circuit 12 in FIG. 5, and other embodiments. The processing module 62 can still be implemented by the processor of the fingerprint sensor in the corresponding embodiment of FIG. 5.
  • the selection of the reference point plays a very important role in the quality of the final fingerprint image.
  • the static reference point may be preset in combination with the usage habit.
  • the point selection module 61 is specifically configured to set the central pixel point of the pixel array as a reference point. This embodiment can improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection while improving the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the dynamic reference point may be set in combination with the pressing area at the time of fingerprint collection.
  • the point selection module 61 includes: a determining unit, Determining a pressing area of the finger in the pixel array; and selecting a unit for selecting a pixel point in a central area of the pressing area, and setting the pixel point as a reference point. This embodiment can improve the reliability of the reference point selection and optimize the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the device further includes:
  • the filtering module 63 is configured to filter out dead pixels in the pixel points.
  • the filtering module 63 can be implemented by the dead-point filtering module 13 of FIG.
  • the dead pixels in the pixel array are determined; after the dead pixels are determined, the bad points are excluded when the reference points are selected, so as to improve the reliability of the reference point selection and ensure the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • the fingerprint data processing apparatus can perform the difference processing on the fingerprint data of the pixel array and the fingerprint data of the reference point, thereby eliminating the influence of the background common mode interference and noise, and improving the quality of the fingerprint imaging.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint data processing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides a fingerprint data processing.
  • the device is configured to quickly and reliably select a reference point.
  • the fingerprint data processing device further includes:
  • a block selection module 71 configured to select a plurality of reference blocks from the pixel array, each reference block being composed of at least two pixels;
  • the point selection module 61 is specifically configured to select an alternate reference point from the pixel points of each reference block; and select the reference point from the candidate reference points of the multiple reference blocks.
  • the block selection module 71 can also be implemented by the distance comparison module 14 of FIG. 5, that is, with reference to the description of the embodiment, the distance comparison module 14 of FIG. 5 can execute the block selection module 71 and The steps performed by the module 61 are selected.
  • the reference point can be efficiently and quickly selected without traversing all the pixel points of the fingerprint array, thereby improving the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • the block selection module 71 is specifically configured to select a plurality of reference blocks uniformly distributed from the pixel array. In this embodiment, the coverage degree of the reference point selection area can be ensured, thereby improving the reliability of the reference point selection.
  • the distribution of selected reference blocks can be combined with usage habits to improve reference point selection efficiency and accuracy.
  • the block selection module 71 is specifically configured to select a plurality of reference blocks from the pixel array, and the distribution density of the plurality of reference blocks is from a central area to an edge of the pixel array. The area is decreasing. In this embodiment, the accuracy and efficiency of the reference point selection can be ensured.
  • the point selection module 61 is specifically configured to use a central pixel point of each reference block as an alternative reference point of the reference block.
  • the central pixel point is easy to determine, so the efficiency and convenience of reference point selection can be improved.
  • the final reference points need to be selected from the candidate reference points.
  • the reference point can be selected from the candidate reference points in multiple ways, for example, static selection and dynamic selection.
  • a static reference point may be selected from the candidate reference points according to the usage habit.
  • the selecting unit is specifically used for the reference block closest to the center.
  • An alternate reference point is set as the reference point. The present embodiment further improves the efficiency of fingerprint collection while improving the quality of the fingerprint image.
  • a dynamic reference point may be selected from the candidate reference points in combination with the pressing area during the fingerprint collection.
  • the selecting unit is specifically used to cover the pressing area.
  • the reference block is used as the current reference block; the selection unit is further configured to set an alternative reference point of the reference block closest to the center as a reference point.
  • the fingerprint collection efficiency is improved, the finger placement is prevented from being off-center, the reference point selection caused by the movement is unstable, the reliability of the reference point selection is improved, and the quality of the fingerprint image is optimized.
  • the selecting unit is specifically configured to calculate a sum of distances between each reference block and all other reference blocks; An alternative reference point of the reference block that minimizes the sum of the distances is set as the reference point.
  • the distance between the reference blocks is the distance between the central pixel points of the reference block; the selecting unit is specifically configured to use the first formula for each reference block.
  • the first formula is: Where i is the variable used to characterize the reference block, Dis is the sum of the distances between the reference block and all other reference blocks, n is the number of reference blocks, x is the abscissa of the central pixel of the reference block, and y is the reference The ordinate of the center pixel of the block.
  • the reference point can be quickly selected to improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • the distance between the reference blocks is the distance between the central pixel points of the reference block; the selecting unit is specifically configured to calculate the reference block by using the second formula for each reference block.
  • the sum of the distances from all other reference blocks, the second formula is: Where i is the variable used to characterize the reference block, Dis is the sum of the distances between the reference block and all other reference blocks, n is the number of reference blocks, x is the abscissa of the central pixel of the reference block, and y is the reference The ordinate of the center pixel of the block.
  • the apparatus further includes: a filtering module, configured to filter out the dead pixels in the candidate reference point. .
  • the apparatus further includes: a dead point detection module 72, configured to calculate an average value of fingerprint data of all pixel points in the reference block where the candidate reference point is located; dead point detection The module 72 is further configured to calculate a difference between the fingerprint data of the candidate reference point and the average value, and if the difference exceeds a preset threshold, determine that the candidate reference point is a dead point.
  • the dead-point detection module 72 can be implemented by the dead-point filtering module 13 of FIG.
  • the fingerprint data processing apparatus selects a plurality of reference blocks from the pixel array of the fingerprint sensor when the fingerprint needs to be collected, and each reference block corresponds to an alternate reference point, and then selects the final reference point from the candidate reference points.
  • the reference point can effectively reduce the amount of data selected by the reference point, improve the selection efficiency, and further improve the efficiency of fingerprint collection.
  • the sixth embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which may include: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM, Random).
  • a computer readable storage medium which may include: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM, Random).
  • the computer readable storage medium stores program instructions, and the program instructions are used in the fingerprint data processing method in the above embodiment.
  • the seventh embodiment of the present application provides a fingerprint data processing apparatus, where the fingerprint data processing apparatus includes at least one processor and a memory, where the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and the number of processors may be one or more, and may be alone or Working together, the processor is configured to execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory to implement the fingerprint data processing method in the above embodiment.
  • the disclosed related systems and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the system embodiment described above is merely illustrative.
  • the division of the module or unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be used. Combinations can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, system or unit, and may be electrical, mechanical or otherwise.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • a computer readable storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质，方法包括：从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。本申请提供的技术方案，通过对像素阵列的指纹数据与参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，能够消除本底共模干扰及噪声的影响，提高指纹成像的质量。

Description

指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及指纹采集领域，尤其涉及一种指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
指纹传感器是实现指纹采集的关键器件。指纹传感器按传感原理，即指纹成像原理和技术，分为光学指纹传感器、电容式指纹传感器、半导体热敏指纹传感器等。其中，电容式触摸屏在当今社会已得到广泛的应用。
电容式指纹传感器的原理是：传感器提供由多个像素点构成的像素阵列，由于指纹凸凹不平，凸点处和凹点处至其下方像素点的距离不同，因此形成的电容大小也不同。实际应用中，在获得指纹图像的过程中，可能会受到各种共模干扰及噪声干扰的影响，例如，指纹传感器的本底共模干扰及噪声等，最终影响指纹图像的质量。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质，用于提高指纹成像的质量。
本申请的第一方面是为了提供一种指纹数据处理方法，包括：从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。
本申请的第二方面是为了提供一种指纹数据处理装置，包括：点选取模块，用于从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；处理模块，用于将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；所述处理模块，还用于根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。
本申请的第三方面是为了提供一种指纹数据处理装置，包括：至少一个处理器和存储器；所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；所述至少一个处理器执 行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，以执行如前所述的方法。
本申请的第四方面是为了提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序指令，所述程序指令被处理器执行时实现如前所述的方法。
本申请提供的指纹数据处理方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质，当需要采集指纹时，从指纹传感器的像素阵列中选取像素点作为参考点，对像素阵列中各像素点的指纹数据与该参考点的指纹数据进行求差，以消除本底共模干扰及噪声，获得处理后的指纹数据，后续基于处理后的指纹数据获得指纹图像。本方案通过对像素阵列的指纹数据与参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，能够消除本底共模干扰及噪声的影响，提高指纹成像的质量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为像素阵列的结构示意图；
图2A～图2D为本申请实施例一提供的指纹数据处理方法的流程示意图；
图3A～图3E为本申请实施例二提供的指纹数据处理方法的流程示意图；
图4A～图4B为选取参考块的示例图；
图4C为图4A所示的按压区域覆盖的各参考块的距离之和的示例图；
图4D为某参考块的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例三提供的一种指纹传感器的电路系统示意图；
图6A～图6B为本申请实施例四提供的指纹数据处理装置的结构示意图；
图7A～图7B为本申请实施例五提供的指纹数据处理装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于 本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
如图1所示，图1为电容式指纹传感器的像素阵列的结构示意图，该像素阵列由多个呈阵列排布的像素点构成。具体的，当手指按压在像素阵列上时，各像素点与手指之间会形成电容，并且，由于指纹的凸凹不平，各像素点采集到的用于表征电容值大小的电信号也不同。实际应用中，指纹阵列将各像素点的电容值转换为电信号输出，经过对该电信号的一系列处理，最终获得指纹图像。
但在实际应用中，指纹采集的过程中通常会携带有本底共模干扰及噪声，具体的，在进行指纹采集时，电容式指纹传感器的电子器件在工作过程中本身会产生一些电信号，另外，活体的手指按压在传感器上，其自身携带一些电信号也会在传感器感应的电信号中注入噪声，例如，静电信号、活体的除指纹外的生理部分与传感器的指纹阵列之间产生的电容，都属于这里所说的本底共模干扰及噪声。如果在指纹采集时不考虑本底共模干扰及噪声的影响，那么这些信号会影响最终指纹图像的质量，导致获得的指纹图像不准确。
基于上述需要，图2A为本申请实施例一提供的一种指纹数据处理方法的流程示意图；参考附图2A可知，本实施例提供了一种指纹数据处理方法，该指纹数据处理方法用于消除本底共模干扰及噪声对指纹采集的影响，具体的，该指纹数据处理方法包括：
101：从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；
102：将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；
103：根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。
具体的，该指纹数据处理方法的执行主体可以为指纹数据处理装置。在实际应用中，该指纹数据处理装置可以通过软件代码实现，该指纹数据处理装置也可以为存储有相关执行代码的介质，例如，U盘等；或者，该指纹数据处理装置还可以为集成或安装有相关执行代码的实体装置，例如，指纹传感器、芯片、智能设备、计算机、以及各种电子设备。
作为一种示例，该指纹数据处理装置可以为集成或安装有相关执行代码的指纹检测芯片，该指纹检测芯片在实际应用中既可以与指纹传感器分离设置并连接，也可以集成封装在指纹传感器中。具体的，指纹传感器的指纹阵列将采集的电容值转化为模拟信号输出给指纹检测芯片，指纹检测芯片负责执行本申请的指纹数据处理方案，以消除本底共模干扰及噪声对指纹采集的影响。
结合实际场景进行示例：当手指按压在指纹阵列上时，指纹阵列将感应到的各像素点的电容转化为模拟信号输出，基于该模拟信号可以获得各像素点的指纹数据，该指纹数据用于进行一系列运算处理以获得指纹图像，本方案中为了消除本底，从指纹阵列的像素点中选取参考点，并将像素点的指纹数据与该参考点的指纹信号进行求差处理，以消除指纹数据中的本底共模干扰及噪声；经过求差处理的指纹数据中的本底共模干扰及噪声已经通过求差处理被消除，因此基于处理后的指纹数据获得的指纹图像更加准确，质量更好。
可选的，用于进行上述处理的指纹数据可以基于像素阵列输出的模拟信号获得。在一种示例中，在任一实施方式的基础上，所述方法还包括：104、对像素点输出的模拟信号进行积分放大，并对积分放大后的模拟信号进行模数转换，以获得所述像素点的指纹数据。
基于上述方案，可以理解参考点的选择对最终指纹图像的质量起着非常重要的作用，本方案考虑参考点选取的稳定性、可靠性等因素，为了更好地优化指纹图像的质量，从用于指纹采集的像素点中选取参考点，以避免在指纹采集时引入其它共模干扰及噪声干扰。这里所说的用于指纹采集的像素点即手指按压在指纹阵列上时，按压区域覆盖的像素点。可以理解，采集指纹时，参考点位于按压区域内，故其感应的电信号中携带有与其它按压区域内的像素点相同或相似的本底共模干扰及噪声，进一步的，通过本方案的求差 处理，即可消除用于进行指纹采集的各像素点感应的电信号中携带的本底共模干扰及噪声，最终提高成像质量。
在一种实施方式中，可以结合使用习惯预先设置静态的参考点，如图2B所示，在任一实施方式的基础上，101具体可以包括：
1011、将所述像素阵列的中心像素点，设定为参考点。
实际应用中，考虑普遍的使用习惯，用户通常会将需要采集指纹的手指放置在像素阵列的中心区域，因此，可以将参考点设定为位于指纹阵列中心位置的像素点，这样处于按压区域内的参考点与用于进行指纹采集的像素点的指纹数据，均是基于感应生成的电容值输出转化后的模拟信号获得的，因此，尽量选取按压区域内的像素点作为参考点能够避免引入其它共模干扰及噪声干扰。
本实施方式结合使用习惯设置静态的参考点，静态的参考点设定好后，进行指纹采集时，可以直接根据预先设定的参考点指纹数据进行求差处理，无需在每次指纹采集时确定参考点，从而在提高指纹图像质量的同时，提高指纹采集的效率。
为了进一步保证参考点选取的可靠性，在另一种实施方式中，可以结合指纹采集时的按压区域设置动态的参考点，如图2C所示，在任一实施方式的基础上，101具体可以包括：
1012、确定像素阵列中手指的按压区域；
1013、在所述按压区域的中心区域内选取像素点，将所述像素点设定为参考点。
具体的，在进行指纹采集时，放置在指纹阵列上的用户手指有时会偏离中心区域或者移动。本实施方式根据指纹采集时的按压区域，动态地将按压区域中心范围内的像素点选取为参考点。一方面，参考点是基于按压区域动态确定的，因此，能够避免因用户放置手指的位置偏离中心区域导致参考点选取不准确的情况。另一方面，参考点位于按压区域的中心区域，即便用户的手指移动，也不影响本次指纹采集的参考点选取，从而保证参考点选取的稳定性，进而提高指纹图像的稳定性。
本实施方式基于当前指纹采集的按压区域设置动态的参考点，避免手指放置偏离中心区域造成的参考点选取不准确，从而提高参考点选取的可靠性， 优化指纹图像的质量。
需要说明的是，参考点需要满足的条件确定后，例如，参考点为指纹阵列的中心像素点或者按压区域的中心像素点，具体确定相应参考点的方法可以有多种，本实施例在此不对其进行限制。另外，本申请中像素阵列的中心像素点指位于像素阵列的几何中心位置的像素点，类似的，按压区域的中心像素点指位于按压区域的几何中心位置的像素点。本申请中的中心区域是相对外围区域来讲的，作为一种示例，中心区域可以为以几何中心为中心，沿周围一定范围圈定的区域，中心区域的区域划定可以根据指纹阵列的尺寸或者实际需要确定。
此外，在实际应用中，指纹阵列在制造或者使用过程中会出现损坏的像素点，这些像素点被统称为坏点。坏点无法进行手指的感应，因此其指纹数据不会随外部输入信号的变化(例如用户的手指按压)而感应变化，如果坏点被选为参考点，会影响指纹图像的质量。对此，如图2D所示，在任一实施方式的基础上，在101之前，还包括：
105、滤除像素点中的坏点。
其中，坏点检测的方法可以通过多种方式实现。本实施方式确定出像素阵列中的坏点；确定出坏点后，在选取参考点时将这些坏点排除，以提高参考点选取的可靠性，保证指纹图像的质量。
本实施例提供的指纹数据处理方法，当需要采集指纹时，从指纹传感器的像素阵列中选取像素点作为参考点，对像素阵列中各像素点的指纹数据与该参考点的指纹数据进行求差，以消除共模干扰及噪声，获得处理后的指纹数据，后续基于处理后的指纹数据获得指纹图像。本方案通过对像素阵列的指纹数据与参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，能够消除共模干扰及噪声的影响，提高指纹成像的质量。
实际应用中，指纹阵列的像素点的数量通常很大，从如此大量的像素点中查找满足一定条件的像素点既要求一定的处理能力，耗时也较长。故为了快速准确地选取参考点，提高指纹采集的效率，图3A为本申请实施例二提供的一种指纹数据处理方法的流程示意图；参考附图3A可知，本实施例提供了一种指纹数据处理方法，该指纹数据处理方法用于快速可靠地选取参考 点，具体的，在实施例一的基础上，该指纹数据处理方法还包括：
201、从像素阵列中选取多个参考块，每个参考块由至少两个像素点构成；
相应的，101具体可以包括：
1014、从每个参考块的像素点中选取备选参考点；
1015、从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点。
以实际场景结合示例来说：可以预先或者也可以在需要选取参考点时，从指纹阵列中选取多个参考块，其中每个参考块都由多个像素点构成。参考块的数量可以根据需要设定，选取的数量越多，选取的参考点越可靠，但计算量也会随之提高，故可以结合考虑指纹采集的精度和效率进行设定。选取多个参考块后，即可以以参考块为单位进行参考点选取，具体的，每个参考块选取出一个像素点作为备选参考点，选出备选参考点后，最终从各参考块的备选参考点中选取最终的参考点。通过本实施方式，无需遍历指纹阵列的所有像素点即可高效快速地选取参考点，提高指纹采集的效率。
可选的，选取参考块的方式可以有多种。作为一种示例，选取的参考块可以呈均匀分布，以保证参考点选取的范围达到数量上的要求。相应的，如图3B所示，在实施例二的基础上，201具体可以包括：
2011、从像素阵列中选取均匀分布的多个参考块。
具体的，参考块的尺寸，即其包含的像素点的数量可以预先设定，每个像素块的尺寸可以相同也可以不同。本实施方式中，从像素阵列中均匀地选取参考块，可选的，各参考块的尺寸可以相同且各参考块均匀分布。举例来说，如图4A所示，图4A为选取参考块的一种示例图，参照图中所示，阴影部分即为选取的参考块(图中未示出各像素点)，示例中选取了15个参考块(图中对各参考块进行了标号)，这15个参考块呈均匀分布。需要说明的是，图中所示仅为一种示例，其并未对参考块的形状、尺寸、均匀分布的方式进行限制。
本实施方式，从指纹阵列中选取均匀分布在指纹阵列中的多个参考块，当进行指纹采集时，从每个均匀分布的参考块中选取备选参考点，能够保证参考点选取区域的覆盖程度，从而提高参考点选取的可靠性。
作为另一种示例，选取的参考块的分布方式可以结合使用习惯，以提高参考点选取效率和准确性。相应的，如图3C所示，在实施例二的基础上，201 具体可以包括：
2012、从像素阵列中选取多个参考块，所述多个参考块的分布密度从所述像素阵列的中心区域向边缘区域递减。
同样的，参考块的尺寸可以相同也可以不同。本实施方式考虑到指纹采集时，用户通常会将手指放置在指纹阵列的中心区域，因此在选取参考块时对像素阵列的中心区域，可以密集地选取参考块，对像素阵列的边缘区域可以稀疏地选取参考块，从而在保证准确选取参考点的同时，减少数据量，提高效率。可选的，各参考块的尺寸可以相同且多个参考块的分布密度从所述像素阵列的中心区域向边缘区域递减。举例来说，如图4B所示，图4B为选取参考块的一种示例图，参照图中所示，阴影部分即为选取的参考块，示例中选取了15个参考块，这15个参考块的分布密度从像素阵列的中心区域向边缘区域递减。需要说明的是，图中所示仅为一种示例，其并未对参考块的形状、尺寸、密度分布的方式进行限制。
本实施方式中，结合使用习惯从指纹阵列的中心区域密集选取参考块，从指纹阵列的外围区域稀疏选取参考点，实现不同区域的密度区分，能够保证参考点选取的准确性和效率。
可选的，选取参考块后，从每个参考块中选取备选参考点，具体的选取策略可以预先设定。优选的，1014具体可以包括：将每个参考块的中心像素点作为所述参考块的备选参考点。对某参考块来说，其中心像素点便于确定，故能够提高参考点选取的效率和便捷性。具体的，确定参考块的中心像素点的方法可以有多种，优选的，可以参照后续从一定区域的参考块中确定最靠近中心的参考块的方法，类似地，从参考块的各像素点中确定中心像素点，可以理解，中心像素点与其它所有像素点之间的距离之和最小。
进一步的，在选取出各参考块的备选参考点后，需要从这些备选参考点中选取出最终的参考点。结合实施例一中选取参考点的方式，从备选参考点中选取参考点同样可以有多种方式，例如，静态选取和动态选取。
作为一种可实施方式，可以结合使用习惯从备选参考点中选取静态的参考点，相应的，如图3D所示，在实施例二的基础上，1015具体可以包括：
2021、将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
具体的，本实施方式仍结合普遍的使用习惯，即用户通常会将需要采集 指纹的手指放置在像素阵列的中心区域，因此，在选定各参考块后，直接从这些参考块中选出最靠近中心的参考块，这里的中心可以指几何中心，并将该参考块的备选参考点作为最终的参考点。结合图4A所示的参考块举例来说，基于本实施方式选取的参考点为参考块1的备选参考点。本实施方式结合参考块和静态选取参考点的方案，进一步有效提高指纹采集的效率。
本实施方式结合参考块和使用习惯设置静态的参考点，通过参考块能够有效减少需要处理的数据量，并且通过设置静态的参考点无需在每次指纹采集时确定参考点，从而在提高指纹图像质量的同时，进一步提高指纹采集的效率。
作为另一种可实施方式，可以结合指纹采集时的按压区域，从备选参考点中选取动态的参考点，如图3E所示，在实施例二的基础上，1015具体可以包括：
2021、将按压区域覆盖的参考块作为当前的参考块；
2022、将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
具体的，在进行指纹采集时，放置在指纹阵列上的用户手指有时会偏离中心区域或者移动。本实施方式根据指纹采集时的按压区域，动态地将最靠近按压区域中心的参考块的备选参考点选取为参考点。仍结合图4A所示的参考块举例来说，假设虚线框定的区域为按压区域，则基于本实施方式选取的参考点为参考块3的备选参考点。本实施方式，基于按压区域动态确定参考点，能够避免因用户放置手指的位置偏离中心区域导致参考点选取不准确的情况。
另一方面，本实施方式还可以避免因用户的手指频繁移动，导致需要频繁重新确定参考点。结合图4A举例来说，假设选取按压区域中参考块1的备选参考点为参考点，由于参考块1位于按压区域的边缘，假设用户手指向右移动，则之后的按压区域很有可能不再覆盖参考块1，此时就需要重新选取参考点，相应的，基于新的参考点获得的指纹图像会发生强烈变化，无法保证指纹图像的稳定性。而假设之前基于本实施方式，选取参考块3的备选参考点为参考点，由于参考块3靠近按压区域的中心，即便用户手指小距离移动，则之后的按压区域仍可覆盖参考块3，无需重新选取参考点，指纹图像也不会发生变化，从而保证参考点选取的稳定性，进而提高指纹图像的稳 定性。
本实施方式结合参考块和基于按压区域设置动态的参考点的方式，在提高指纹采集效率的同时，避免手指放置偏离中心区域、移动造成的参考点选取不稳定，提高参考点选取的可靠性，优化指纹图像的质量。
进一步的，一定区域内最靠近中心的参考块可以通过多种方式确定。优选的，在一种示例中，在实施例二的基础上，所述将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点，具体可以包括：
203、计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和；
204、将距离之和最小的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
其中，参考块之间的距离可以通过多种距离参数反映，例如，参考块之间的欧式距离。具体的，本实施方式通过比较各参考块与其它参考块之间的距离之和，来判定哪个参考块最靠近这些参考块确定的区域中心。
可选的，为了便于计算参考块之间的距离，可以将其定义为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离。再可选的，计算参考块之间的距离可以通过多种方法实现。作为一种示例，在上述实施方式的基础上，203中所述计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，具体可以包括：
2031、针对每个参考块，利用第一公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-000001
其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。
具体的，可以基于像素阵列建立坐标系，则上述公式中的x和y分别为各参考块的中心像素点在坐标系中的横坐标和纵坐标，这里的中心像素点是指参考块的各像素点中，位于该参考块的几何中心的像素点。基于各参考块的中心像素点的坐标，可以计算出各参考块之间的距离，进而求和。其中，i为取值范围为1至n的变量，i的取值不同表征的参考块也不同，n为参考块的数量。本实施方式中的参考块为当前的参考块，举例来说，结合静态参考点的实施方式，本实施方式的参考块指初始时选取的所有参考块，而结合动态参考点的实施方式，本实施方式的参考块仅指初始时选取的所有参考块中， 当前位于按压区域覆盖范围内的参考块。可以理解，圈定的区域不同，圈定区域内的参考块也不同，进而求得的最靠近圈定区域中心的参考块也可能不同。
本实施方式，通过计算参考块的中心像素点之间的欧式距离，获得各参考块之间的距离，基于距离之和最小的条件快速准确确定出某区域内最靠近中心的参考块，从而快速选取出参考点，提高指纹采集的效率。
实际应用中，计算参考块之间距离的方法可以通过实体电路的形式实现。优选的，为了进一步简化电路结构，203中所述计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，具体可以包括：
2031、针对每个参考块，利用第二公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第二公式为：
Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-000002
其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。
同样的，可以基于像素阵列建立坐标系，则上述公式中的x和y分别为各参考块的中心像素点在坐标系中的横坐标和纵坐标。基于各参考块的中心像素点的坐标，可以计算出各参考块之间的距离，进而求和。与前一实施方式不同的是，本实施方式中为了简化实现的电路结构，未进行求平方根的计算，可以理解，各参考块对应的距离之和用于进行比较，以确定出结果值最小的参考块，因此可以计算的结果能反映出大小的相对性即可，不进行求平方根的计算，仍然可以准确确定出最靠近中心的参考块，确定的结果与前一实施方式确定的结果没有偏差。
本实施方式，通过计算各参考块与其它参考块之间的距离之和，确定某区域内最靠近中心的参考块，并且在计算距离的过程中省略了求平方根的计算过程，从而提高参考点选取和指纹采集的效率，并能简化实现电路。
实际应用中，计算出的各参考块对应的距离之和可以存储在如图4C的列表中，图4C为图4A所示的按压区域覆盖的各参考块的距离之和的示例图，如图中所示，参考块3对应的距离之和最小，为10，故确定参考块3为最靠近按压区域中心的参考块，离按压区域的边界最远，能够更好反映按压区域 中心的情况，提供较好的参考。
此外，同样考虑到像素阵列中可能存在坏点，为了保证指纹采集的可靠性，在一种实施方式中，在1015中选取出参考点之前，还可以包括：
204、滤除备选参考点中的坏点。
具体的，滤除坏点的步骤需要在选取出最终的参考点之前执行。可选的，滤除坏点的步骤可以在为每个参考块选取备选参考点时执行，即在选取备选参考点时就将坏点排除掉，则选出的备选参考点中没有坏点，后续直接从备选参考点中选取参考点即可。或者也可以在各参考点选取备选参考点后执行，即选出各参考块的备选参考点后，再排除这些备选参考点中的坏点，排除后再进行最终的参考点的选取。
可选的，判定某像素点是否为坏点的方法有多种。在一种实施方式中，所述方法还包括：
2051、计算备选参考点所在的参考块中所有像素点的指纹数据的平均值；2052、计算所述备选参考点的指纹数据与所述平均值的差值，若所述差值超过预设的阈值，则判定所述备选参考点为坏点。
结合图4D举例来说，图4D为某参考块的结构示意图，如图所示，该参考块尺寸为8×3，即由8行像素点构成，每行像素点的列数为3列，一共有24个像素点。填充有阴影的两个像素点即为该参考块的中心像素点，如果这两个像素点不是坏点，则可选取其中一个作为该参考块的备选参考点。检测其是否是坏点时，先计算这24个像素点的指纹数据之和并求平均，然后分别比较这两个像素点和平均值，如果相差较大，则判定为坏点。
具体的，本实施方式计算参考块中所有像素点的指纹数据的平均值，如果某像素点的指纹数据与该平均值相比，相差的值(可以为绝对值)超过一定的阈值，则判定该像素点为坏点。其中，所述阈值可以根据实际经验设定。通过本实施方式，能快速方便地确定出坏点，提高参考点选取和指纹采集的可靠性。
本实施例提供的指纹数据处理方法，当需要采集指纹时，从指纹传感器的像素阵列中选取多个参考块，每个参考块对应有备选参考点，进而从备选参考点中选取最终的参考点，能够有效减小参考点选取的数据量，提高选取效率，进而提高指纹采集的效率。
为了更直观地阐述本申请提供的方案，图5为本申请实施例三提供的一种指纹传感器的电路系统示意图，该指纹传感器用于执行本申请提供的指纹数据处理方法。如图5所示，该指纹传感器包括：像素阵列11、处理电路12、坏点过滤模块13和距离比较模块14。
像素阵列11将各像素点的电容值转换为模拟信号输出给处理电路12，处理电路12对模拟信号依次进行积分放大和模数转换处理，例如可执行如前述实施例一中步骤104的方法，以获得各像素点的指纹数据，该指纹数据为数字信号，处理电路12将获得的数字信号输出给坏点过滤模块13，坏点过滤模块13基于各像素点的指纹数据确定出哪些像素点为坏点，例如可执行如前述实施例二中步骤2051至步骤2025的方法，将坏点从像素点中过滤掉，例如可执行如前述的步骤105或者步骤204，并将过滤掉坏点后保留来下的像素点发送给距离比较模块14，距离比较模块14对保留下来的各像素点与其它像素点之间的距离之和进行比较，以选取出参考点，例如可执行如前述实施例一中101或实施例二中步骤201至步骤1015的方法。后续，距离比较模块14将参考点的指纹数据反馈给像素阵列11，以使指纹传感器的处理器将像素阵列11中各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，并根据处理后的指纹数据获得指纹图像，例如指纹传感器的处理器基于距离比较模块14选择的参考点，可执行如前述实施例一中步骤102和步骤103的方法。
需要说明的是，本实施例中对指纹传感器的各模块执行的方法步骤为一种示例说明。可以理解，如果某模块可以执行前述方法实施例中的某方法步骤，则该模块同样能够执行用于实现该方法步骤的实施方式。举例来说，结合本实施例的示例说明，距离比较模块14用于执行前述步骤101的方法，则相应的，参照前述方法实施例中步骤101的具体实现方式，在可能的实施方式中，距离比较模块14，可以执行步骤1011，或者步骤1012和步骤1013，或者步骤1014和步骤1015。实际应用中，指纹传感器的各模块可以参照上述方法实施例执行相应步骤，以实现本申请提供的指纹数据处理方法。
图6A为本申请实施例四提供的一种指纹数据处理装置的结构示意图； 参考附图6A可知，本实施例提供了一种指纹数据处理装置，用于消除本底共模干扰及噪声对指纹采集的影响，具体的，该指纹数据处理装置包括：
点选取模块61，用于从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；
处理模块62，用于将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；
处理模块62，还用于根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。
具体的，该指纹数据处理装置可以通过软件代码实现，该指纹数据处理装置也可以为存储有相关执行代码的介质，例如，U盘等；或者，该指纹数据处理装置还可以为集成或安装有相关执行代码的实体装置，例如，指纹传感器、芯片、智能设备、计算机、以及各种电子设备。结合图5所示的电路系统，点选取模块61可以通过图5中的距离比较模块14实现，处理模块62可以通过图5对应实施例中指纹传感器的处理器实现，本实施例中所述的像素阵列可通过图5中的像素阵列11实现。
作为一种示例，该指纹数据处理装置可以为集成或安装有相关执行代码的指纹检测芯片，该指纹检测芯片在实际应用中既可以与指纹传感器分离设置并连接，也可以集成封装在指纹传感器中。具体的，指纹传感器的指纹阵列将采集的电容值转化为模拟信号输出给指纹检测芯片，指纹检测芯片负责执行本申请的指纹数据处理方案，以消除本底共模干扰及噪声对指纹采集的影响。
可选的，用于进行上述处理的指纹数据可以基于像素阵列输出的模拟信号获得。在一种示例中，在任一实施方式的基础上，处理模块62，还用于对像素点输出的模拟信号进行积分放大，并对积分放大后的模拟信号进行模数转换，以获得所述像素点的指纹数据。结合图5所示的电路系统，本示例中用于获得指纹数据的模块，可拆分为单独的模块，故本示例中处理模块62可通过图5中的处理电路12实现，而其它实施方式中的处理模块62仍可通过图5对应实施例中指纹传感器的处理器实现。
基于上述方案，可以理解参考点的选择对最终指纹图像的质量起着非常重要的作用。在一种实施方式中，可以结合使用习惯预先设置静态的参考点，在任一实施方式的基础上，点选取模块61，具体用于将所述像素阵列的中心像素点，设定为参考点。本实施方式能够在提高指纹图像质量的同时，提高 指纹采集的效率。
为了进一步保证参考点选取的可靠性，在另一种实施方式中，可以结合指纹采集时的按压区域设置动态的参考点，在任一实施方式的基础上，点选取模块61包括：确定单元，用于确定像素阵列中手指的按压区域；选取单元，用于在所述按压区域的中心区域内选取像素点，将所述像素点设定为参考点。本实施方式能够提高参考点选取的可靠性，优化指纹图像的质量。
此外，在任一实施方式的基础上，如图6B所示，所述装置还包括：
滤除模块63，用于滤除像素点中的坏点。
仍结合图5所示的电路系统，滤除模块63可以通过图5中的坏点过滤模块13实现。本实施方式确定出像素阵列中的坏点；确定出坏点后，在选取参考点时将这些坏点排除，以提高参考点选取的可靠性，保证指纹图像的质量。
本实施例提供的指纹数据处理装置，通过对像素阵列的指纹数据与参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，能够消除本底共模干扰及噪声的影响，提高指纹成像的质量。
为了快速准确地选取参考点，提高指纹采集的效率，图7A为本申请实施例五提供的一种指纹数据处理装置的结构示意图；参考附图7A可知，本实施例提供了一种指纹数据处理装置，用于快速可靠地选取参考点，具体的，在实施例四的基础上，该指纹数据处理装置还包括：
块选取模块71，用于从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，每个参考块由至少两个像素点构成；
点选取模块61，具体用于从每个参考块的像素点中选取备选参考点；从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点。
仍结合图5所示的电路系统，块选取模块71同样可以通过图5中的距离比较模块14实现，即参照本实施例的描述，图5中的距离比较模块14可以执行块选取模块71和点选取模块61所执行的步骤。通过本实施方式，无需遍历指纹阵列的所有像素点即可高效快速地选取参考点，提高指纹采集的效率。
可选的，选取参考块的方式可以有多种。作为一种示例，选取的参考块可以呈均匀分布，以保证参考点选取的范围达到数量上的要求。相应的，在 实施例二的基础上，块选取模块71，具体用于从所述像素阵列中选取均匀分布的多个参考块。本实施方式，能够保证参考点选取区域的覆盖程度，从而提高参考点选取的可靠性。
作为另一种示例，选取的参考块的分布方式可以结合使用习惯，以提高参考点选取效率和准确性。相应的，在实施例二的基础上，块选取模块71，具体用于从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，所述多个参考块的分布密度从所述像素阵列的中心区域向边缘区域递减。本实施方式中，能够保证参考点选取的准确性和效率。
可选的，选取参考块后，从每个参考块中选取备选参考点，具体的选取策略可以预先设定。优选的，点选取模块61，具体用于将每个参考块的中心像素点作为所述参考块的备选参考点。对某参考块来说，其中心像素点便于确定，故能够提高参考点选取的效率和便捷性。
进一步的，在选取出各参考块的备选参考点后，需要从这些备选参考点中选取出最终的参考点。结合实施例四中选取参考点的方式，从备选参考点中选取参考点同样可以有多种方式，例如，静态选取和动态选取。
作为一种可实施方式，可以结合使用习惯从备选参考点中选取静态的参考点，相应的，在实施例五的基础上，所述选取单元，具体用于将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。本实施方式在提高指纹图像质量的同时，进一步提高指纹采集的效率。
作为另一种可实施方式，可以结合指纹采集时的按压区域，从备选参考点中选取动态的参考点，在实施例五的基础上，所述选取单元，具体用于将按压区域覆盖的参考块作为当前的参考块；所述选取单元，还具体用于将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。本实施方式在提高指纹采集效率的同时，避免手指放置偏离中心区域、移动造成的参考点选取不稳定，提高参考点选取的可靠性，优化指纹图像的质量。
优选的，在一种示例中，在实施例五的基础上，所述选取单元，具体用于计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和；所述选取单元，还具体用于将距离之和最小的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
可选的，为了便于计算参考块之间的距离，参考块之间的距离为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离；所述选取单元，具体用于针对每个参考块，利用 第一公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-000003
其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。本实施方式，能够快速选取出参考点，提高指纹采集的效率。
优选的，为了进一步简化电路结构，参考块之间的距离为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离；所述选取单元，具体用于针对每个参考块，利用第二公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第二公式为：
Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-000004
其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。本实施方式，能够提高参考点选取和指纹采集的效率，并能简化实现电路。
此外，同样考虑到像素阵列中可能存在坏点，为了保证指纹采集的可靠性，在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括：滤除模块，用于滤除备选参考点中的坏点。
可选的，判定某像素点是否为坏点的方法有多种。在一种实施方式中，如图7B所示，所述装置还包括：坏点检测模块72，用于计算备选参考点所在的参考块中所有像素点的指纹数据的平均值；坏点检测模块72，还用于计算所述备选参考点的指纹数据与所述平均值的差值，若所述差值超过预设的阈值，则判定所述备选参考点为坏点。仍结合图5所示的电路系统，坏点检测模块72可以通过图5中的坏点过滤模块13实现。通过本实施方式，能快速方便地确定出坏点，提高参考点选取和指纹采集的可靠性。
本实施例提供的指纹数据处理装置，当需要采集指纹时，从指纹传感器的像素阵列中选取多个参考块，每个参考块对应有备选参考点，进而从备选参考点中选取最终的参考点，能够有效减小参考点选取的数据量，提高选取效率，进而提高指纹采集的效率。
本申请实施例六还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质可以包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁盘或者光盘等各种可 以存储程序代码的介质，具体的，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序指令，程序指令用于上述实施例中的指纹数据处理方法。
本申请实施例七提供一种指纹数据处理装置，该指纹数据处理装置包括至少一个处理器和存储器，存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，处理器的个数可以为一个或多个，且可以单独或协同工作，处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，以实现上述实施例中的指纹数据处理方法。
以上各个实施例中的技术方案、技术特征在不相冲突的情况下均可以单独，或者进行组合，只要未超出本领域技术人员的认知范围，均属于本申请保护范围内的等同实施例。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的相关系统和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的系统实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，系统或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得计算机处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁盘或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种指纹数据处理方法，其特征在于，包括：
    从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；
    将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；
    根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点，包括：
    将所述像素阵列的中心像素点，设定为参考点。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点，包括：
    确定像素阵列中手指的按压区域；
    在所述按压区域的中心区域内选取像素点，将所述像素点设定为参考点。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点之前，还包括：
    滤除像素点中的坏点。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，每个参考块由至少两个像素点构成；
    所述从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点，包括：
    从每个参考块的像素点中选取备选参考点；
    从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，包括：
    从所述像素阵列中选取均匀分布的多个参考块。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，包括：
    从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，所述多个参考块的分布密度从所述像素阵列的中心区域向边缘区域递减。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点，包括：
    将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
  9. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点，包括：
    将按压区域覆盖的参考块作为当前的参考块；
    将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点，包括：
    计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和；
    将距离之和最小的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，参考块之间的距离为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离；所述计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，包括：
    针对每个参考块，利用第一公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第一公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-100001
    其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，参考块之间的距离为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离；所述计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，包括：
    针对每个参考块，利用第二公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第二公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-100002
    其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。
  13. 根据权利要求5-12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从每个参考块的像素点中选取备选参考点，包括：
    将每个参考块的中心像素点作为所述参考块的备选参考点。
  14. 根据权利要求5-13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点之前，还包括：
    滤除备选参考点中的坏点。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    计算备选参考点所在的参考块中所有像素点的指纹数据的平均值；
    计算所述备选参考点的指纹数据与所述平均值的差值，若所述差值超过预设的阈值，则判定所述备选参考点为坏点。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    对像素点输出的模拟信号进行积分放大，并对积分放大后的模拟信号进行模数转换，以获得所述像素点的指纹数据。
  17. 一种指纹数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    点选取模块，用于从像素阵列的像素点中选取参考点；
    处理模块，用于将各像素点的指纹数据与所述参考点的指纹数据进行求差处理，以获得处理后的指纹数据；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据处理后的所述指纹数据，获得指纹图像。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述点选取模块，具体用于将所述像素阵列的中心像素点，设定为参考点。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述点选取模块包括：
    确定单元，用于确定像素阵列中手指的按压区域；
    选取单元，用于在所述按压区域的中心区域内选取像素点，将所述像素点设定为参考点。
  20. 根据权利要求17-19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    滤除模块，用于滤除像素点中的坏点。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    块选取模块，用于从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，每个参考块由至少两个像素点构成；
    所述点选取模块，具体用于从每个参考块的像素点中选取备选参考点； 从多个参考块的备选参考点中选取出所述参考点。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述块选取模块，具体用于从所述像素阵列中选取均匀分布的多个参考块。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述块选取模块，具体用于从所述像素阵列中选取多个参考块，所述多个参考块的分布密度从所述像素阵列的中心区域向边缘区域递减。
  24. 根据权利要求21-23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述选取单元，具体用于将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
  25. 根据权利要求21-23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述选取单元，具体用于将按压区域覆盖的参考块作为当前的参考块；
    所述选取单元，还具体用于将最靠近中心的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述选取单元，具体用于计算每个参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和；
    所述选取单元，还具体用于将距离之和最小的参考块的备选参考点，设定为参考点。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，参考块之间的距离为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离；
    所述选取单元，具体用于针对每个参考块，利用第一公式计算所述参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第一公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-100003
    其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，参考块之间的距离为参考块的中心像素点之间的距离；
    所述选取单元，具体用于针对每个参考块，利用第二公式计算所述参考 块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，所述第二公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2018075489-appb-100004
    其中，i为用于表征参考块的变量，Dis为参考块与其它所有参考块之间的距离之和，n为参考块的数量，x为参考块的中心像素点的横坐标，y为参考块的中心像素点的纵坐标。
  29. 根据权利要求21-28中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述点选取模块，具体用于将每个参考块的中心像素点作为所述参考块的备选参考点。
  30. 根据权利要求21-29中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    滤除模块，用于滤除备选参考点中的坏点。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    坏点检测模块，用于计算备选参考点所在的参考块中所有像素点的指纹数据的平均值；
    所述坏点检测模块，还用于计算所述备选参考点的指纹数据与所述平均值的差值，若所述差值超过预设的阈值，则判定所述备选参考点为坏点。
  32. 根据权利要求17-31中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于对像素点输出的模拟信号进行积分放大，并对积分放大后的模拟信号进行模数转换，以获得所述像素点的指纹数据。
  33. 一种指纹数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：至少一个处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；所述至少一个处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，以执行如权利要求1-16中任一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序指令，所述程序指令被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-16中任一项所述的方法。
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