WO2019148483A1 - Shutdown system for photovoltaic assembly array - Google Patents

Shutdown system for photovoltaic assembly array Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019148483A1
WO2019148483A1 PCT/CN2018/075227 CN2018075227W WO2019148483A1 WO 2019148483 A1 WO2019148483 A1 WO 2019148483A1 CN 2018075227 W CN2018075227 W CN 2018075227W WO 2019148483 A1 WO2019148483 A1 WO 2019148483A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
shutdown
transistor
photovoltaic module
terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/075227
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周民
王忆诞
许琦彦
张为
Original Assignee
苏州谐通光伏科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州谐通光伏科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 苏州谐通光伏科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/075227 priority Critical patent/WO2019148483A1/en
Priority to CN201880000852.7A priority patent/CN109075738A/en
Publication of WO2019148483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148483A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic module array shutdown system.
  • a photovoltaic cell is a device that directly converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy.
  • a photovoltaic component is a product that is connected and packaged by a plurality of photovoltaic cells, and is a basic unit of a battery array in a photovoltaic power generation system. When the PV module array fails, the grid needs to be turned off. However, the PV module is a power generation system. Each series unit has a high voltage, which poses a safety hazard to maintenance personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fast and intelligent shutdown system. It can automatically realize the fast and safe shutdown of each component in the system to ensure the safety of personnel.
  • the present invention provides a photovoltaic module array shutdown system for performing shutdown control of a photovoltaic module array, including a shutdown controller and a plurality of shutdown devices, the shutdown device having a first a connecting end and a second connecting end, wherein the shut-off device is connected in series with the photovoltaic module through the first connecting end between the DC bus bars, and each of the shut-off devices is located between adjacent photovoltaic components, the The breaking device is connected in series with the shutdown controller through the second connection end, and the shutdown controller controls the related breaking device in the circuit to be simultaneously turned on or off under the preset condition to control the connection or disconnection of the photovoltaic module circuit. .
  • the shut-off device includes an interconnecting main control unit, a controlled unit, a power supply unit, and an interconnecting switch unit, wherein the interconnecting main control unit has a first connecting end, and the mutual The main control unit generates a main control signal under the action of the shutdown controller, the power supply unit is connected to the controlled unit, and the controlled unit generates a controlled signal under the action of the main control signal.
  • the interconnecting switch unit has a second connecting end, and the interconnecting switching unit is connected or disconnected by the controlled signal.
  • control connection is realized by the optocoupler switch between the interconnecting main control unit and the controlled unit, and the optocoupler switch comprises a light emitting diode D and a photo-controlled phototransistor T.
  • the interconnect switch unit comprises a MOS FET, The gate of the MOS FET is connected to the controlled unit.
  • the controlled unit comprises:
  • the resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T;
  • the complementary push-pull circuit is connected to the power supply unit, and the complementary push-pull circuit comprises a transistor T2, a resistor R3, a transistor T3 and a resistor R4.
  • One of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3 is an NPN transistor and the other is a PNP type.
  • the triode, the triode T2, the base of the triode T3 are connected, the collectors are connected in parallel, the emitter is connected in parallel to the gate of the MOS field effect transistor to output a controlled signal, the resistor R3 is connected to the emitter of the triode T2, and the resistor R4 is connected.
  • the transistor T1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the power supply unit.
  • the base of the transistor T1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T, and the collector of the transistor T1 is connected to the base of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3.
  • the power supply unit includes a power take-off input unit, a DC/DC converter, and a regulated output unit, and the power take-off input unit is connected to an output end of the photovoltaic module, and the regulated output is A unit is coupled to the controlled unit.
  • the DC/DC converter has a VIN terminal, an EN terminal, a SW terminal, an FB terminal, a CB terminal, and a GND terminal
  • the power take-off input unit includes an anti-connection connected to the VIN terminal and the EN terminal.
  • the regulated output unit comprises a storage inductor L1 connected to the SW end, a sampling resistor R11, a sampling resistor R12, a freewheeling diode D2, a filter capacitor C4, a filter capacitor C5, and the FB terminal is connected to the sampling.
  • a bias capacitor C1 is connected between the resistor R1 and the sampling resistor R2 between the CB terminal and the SW terminal.
  • shut-off devices are arranged one inside the other within the photovoltaic module.
  • the present invention can automatically realize fast and safe shutdown of each component in the system to ensure personnel safety.
  • Embodiment 1 is a skeleton diagram of Embodiment 1 of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention for shutting down a photovoltaic module array, including a shutdown controller and a plurality of independent shutdown devices, a shutdown device The first connecting end and the second connecting end are provided, the shut-off device is connected in series with the photovoltaic module through the first connecting end between the DC bus bars, the positive and negative terminals are DC bus bars, connected to the inverter, and each shut-off device is located at the phase Between the adjacent photovoltaic modules, the shutdown device is connected in series with the shutdown controller through the second connection end, the shutdown system is a device that turns off the photovoltaic cell assembly string by the shutdown controller, and the shutdown controller is a control shutdown device. The circuit is turned on and off, and the shutdown controller is operated as needed. The shutdown controller is turned on or off at the same time to control the connection or disconnection of the photovoltaic module circuit under the preset condition.
  • the shutdown device comprises an interconnection main control unit, a controlled unit, a power supply unit, and an interconnection switch unit, and the interconnection main control unit has a first connection end, and the interconnection main control unit generates a main control under the action of the shutdown controller
  • the signal is connected to the controlled unit, and the controlled unit generates a controlled signal under the action of the main control signal.
  • the interconnecting switch unit has a second connecting end, and the interconnecting switching unit is connected or disconnected under the action of the controlled signal.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention.
  • Z1 is connected to the former PV module, and Z2 is connected to the PV module.
  • the control connection is realized by the photoelectric coupling switch between the interconnecting main control unit and the controlled unit.
  • the photoelectric coupling switch comprises an LED D and a photo-controlled phototransistor T, D and T form an optocoupler for transmitting signals and isolating Since the input impedance of the photocoupler is small, even if the amplitude of the interference voltage is large, the noise voltage fed back to the input end of the photocoupler is small, and only a very weak current can be formed, thereby being suppressed.
  • the optocoupler can play a good role in safety. Even when the external device fails, even if the input signal is shorted, the component will not be damaged, because the input and output loops of the optocoupler can withstand several High voltage of kilovolts. Finally, the optocoupler has a very fast response speed and a response delay time of only about 10 ⁇ s, which is suitable for the case where the response speed is high in the present invention.
  • K1 is connected to the previous interconnect switch unit
  • K2 is connected to the next interconnect switch unit
  • the interconnect switch unit includes a MOS FET.
  • the gate of the MOS FET is connected to the controlled unit.
  • the controlled unit includes: a phototransistor T connected to the power supply unit and a resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T; a complementary push-pull circuit connected to the power supply unit, and the complementary push-pull circuit includes a triode T2, a resistor R3, and a triode T3 and resistor R4, transistor T2, transistor T3 one is NPN type transistor, the other is PNP type transistor, transistor T2, transistor T3 base is connected, collector is connected in parallel, and the emitter is connected in parallel to the gate of MOS field effect transistor To output the controlled signal, the resistor R3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor T2, the resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor T3; the transistor T1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the power supply unit, and the base of the transistor T1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T The collector of the transistor T1 is
  • Complementary' is the use of two different polarity triodes, using different polarity of the input polarity of different transistors, using a signal to excite two different polarity triodes, one is the NPN type triode, the other is the PNP type triode,
  • the bases of the two transistors are connected, and an input signal is applied to the base of the two tubes as a push signal.
  • the base and emitter of the two tubes are connected in parallel. Due to the different polarities of the two transistors, the input signal voltage on the base is forward biased to the two tubes, and one is reverse biased. When there is an input signal, the voltage of the base of the two tubes rises at the same time.
  • the input signal voltage adds a forward bias voltage to one tube, so the tube enters the conduction and amplification states. Since the base voltage rises and a reverse bias voltage is applied to the other tube, the tube is in an off state. When there is no input signal, the base voltages of the two tubes drop at the same time, and the other tube is forward biased, so that the tube enters the conduction and amplification states, and one tube enters the cut-off state again.
  • the working principle of the fast shutdown circuit of the invention when the photovoltaic system needs to be connected, the control signal flows from K1 to K2, D emits light, T turns on, T1 cuts off, R2 lower end high level, T2 turns on T3 cutoff, T4 gate Extremely high, T4 is on and the PV system is on.
  • the signal between K1K2 is cut off, D does not emit light, T is turned off, T1 is saturated, the lower end of R2 is low level, T2 is turned off T3 is turned on, the gate of T4 is low level, T4 is cut off, The photovoltaic system is disconnected.
  • the power supply unit includes a power take-off input unit, a DC/DC converter, and a regulated output unit, and the power take-off unit is connected to an output end of the photovoltaic module.
  • the regulated output unit is connected to the controlled unit.
  • the DC/DC converter uses a DC/DC chip.
  • the DC/DC chip is a current mode step-down converter with a wide input voltage range of 4.5V ⁇ . 52V for a variety of applications, Adjust the unstable power supply to a fixed, stable output.
  • the built-in low-resistance 0.9 ⁇ switch makes the IC 85% good operating efficiency, plus the advantage of effectively reducing the surface temperature of the chip.
  • the chip has a VIN terminal, an EN terminal, a SW terminal, an FB terminal, a CB terminal, and a GND terminal.
  • VIN and GND are input terminals of the power supply, and power is taken from the photovoltaic component.
  • the power take-off input unit includes a reverse-proof diode D1, a filter capacitor C2, and a filter capacitor C3 connected to the VIN terminal and the EN terminal.
  • V, GND is the output end of the power supply, which supplies power to the photovoltaic fast shutdown circuit.
  • the regulated output unit includes a storage inductor L1 connected to the SW end, a sampling resistor R11, a sampling resistor R12, a freewheeling diode D2, a filter capacitor C4, and a filter capacitor C5.
  • the FB terminal is connected between the sampling resistor R1 and the sampling resistor R2, CB.
  • a bias capacitor C1 is connected between the terminal and the SW terminal.
  • This circuit takes power from the PV module by VIN and GND, and is decoupled by C1 and C3 after D1 anti-connection, U1 for DC/DC conversion, L1 for D1 free-flow, C4 and C5 for filtering, by R1 R2 samples are fed back to U1 to obtain the stable voltage required by the subsequent circuits.
  • FIG. 4 is a frame diagram of a second embodiment of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention.
  • the photovoltaic module junction box shutoff device in this embodiment is similar to that in the first embodiment, except that the shutdown device in the present embodiment
  • the one-to-one correspondence is arranged inside the photovoltaic module, and specifically, it can be integrated with the photovoltaic component junction box, and exists as a separate unit of the photovoltaic component junction box, so that the installation is simpler, so the utility model automatically realizes each in the system. Quick and safe shutdown of components to ensure personnel safety.

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  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A shutdown system for a photovoltaic assembly array, for performing shutdown control on a photovoltaic assembly array. The system comprises a shutdown controller and a plurality of shutdown devices. The shutdown devices each have a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal. The shutdown devices and photovoltaic assemblies are connected in series by means of the first connection terminals between a direct current bus. Each of the shutdown devices is located between adjacent photovoltaic assemblies. The shutdown devices and the shutdown controller are connected in series by means of the second connection terminals. The shutdown controller controls all of the shutdown devices in a control circuit to simultaneously turn on or shut down the same under a pre-determined condition, such that a photovoltaic assembly circuit is connected or disconnected. The shutdown system achieves automatic, fast, and safe shutdown of each assembly in a system, thereby ensuring safety of maintenance personnel.

Description

光伏组件阵列关断系统  PV module array shutdown system
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及一种光伏组件阵列关断系统。 The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module array shutdown system.
背景技术 Background technique
光伏电池是将太阳光辐射能量直接转换成电能的器件，光伏组件正是由多个光伏电池连接和封装而成的产品，是光伏发电系统中电池方阵的基本单元。当光伏组件阵列出现故障时，需要关断电网，然而光伏组件是发电系统，每个串联基本单元都具有较高电压，对维修人员存在安全隐患，因此需要提供一种快速智能化的关断系统，可以自动实现系统中每个组件的快速安全关断，以保证人员安全。 A photovoltaic cell is a device that directly converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy. A photovoltaic component is a product that is connected and packaged by a plurality of photovoltaic cells, and is a basic unit of a battery array in a photovoltaic power generation system. When the PV module array fails, the grid needs to be turned off. However, the PV module is a power generation system. Each series unit has a high voltage, which poses a safety hazard to maintenance personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fast and intelligent shutdown system. It can automatically realize the fast and safe shutdown of each component in the system to ensure the safety of personnel.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
为克服上述缺点，本发明目的在于提供一种可以自动实现系统中每个组件的快速安全关断的光伏组件阵列关断系统。 To overcome the above disadvantages, it is an object of the present invention to provide a photovoltaic module array shutdown system that can automatically achieve fast and safe shutdown of each component of the system.
为了达到以上目的，本发明提供了一种光伏组件阵列关断系统，用于对光伏组件阵列进行关断控制，包括关断控制器和复数个关断装置，所述的关断装置具有第一连接端和第二连接端，所述的关断装置通过第一连接端与光伏组件串联于直流母线之间，并且每个所述的关断装置位于相邻光伏组件之间，所述的关断装置通过第二连接端与关断控制器形成串联，所述的关断控制器在预设条件下控制电路内的所有关断装置同时开启或关断以控制光伏组件电路的连通或断开。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module array shutdown system for performing shutdown control of a photovoltaic module array, including a shutdown controller and a plurality of shutdown devices, the shutdown device having a first a connecting end and a second connecting end, wherein the shut-off device is connected in series with the photovoltaic module through the first connecting end between the DC bus bars, and each of the shut-off devices is located between adjacent photovoltaic components, the The breaking device is connected in series with the shutdown controller through the second connection end, and the shutdown controller controls the related breaking device in the circuit to be simultaneously turned on or off under the preset condition to control the connection or disconnection of the photovoltaic module circuit. .
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的关断装置包括互连主控单元、受控单元、电源单元、互连开关单元，所述的互连主控单元具有第一连接端，所述的互连主控单元在关断控制器的作用下产生一主控信号，所述的电源单元连接于所述的受控单元，所述的受控单元在主控信号的作用下产生一受控信号，所述的互联开关单元具有第二连接端，所述的互联开关单元在所述的受控信号的作用下连通或断开。 According to a further improvement of the present invention, the shut-off device includes an interconnecting main control unit, a controlled unit, a power supply unit, and an interconnecting switch unit, wherein the interconnecting main control unit has a first connecting end, and the mutual The main control unit generates a main control signal under the action of the shutdown controller, the power supply unit is connected to the controlled unit, and the controlled unit generates a controlled signal under the action of the main control signal. The interconnecting switch unit has a second connecting end, and the interconnecting switching unit is connected or disconnected by the controlled signal.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的互连主控单元和受控单元之间通过光电耦合开关实现控制连接，所述的光电耦合开关包括一发光二极管D和一受光控的光敏三极管T。 According to a further improvement of the present invention, the control connection is realized by the optocoupler switch between the interconnecting main control unit and the controlled unit, and the optocoupler switch comprises a light emitting diode D and a photo-controlled phototransistor T.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的互连开关单元包括一 MOS场效应管， MOS场效应管的栅极连接于所述的受控单元。 According to a further refinement of the invention, the interconnect switch unit comprises a MOS FET, The gate of the MOS FET is connected to the controlled unit.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的受控单元包括： According to a further refinement of the invention, the controlled unit comprises:
连接于电源单元的光敏三极管T和电阻R1，电阻R1连接于光敏三极管T的集电极； Connected to the phototransistor T of the power supply unit and the resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T;
连接于电源单元的互补推挽电路，所述的互补推挽电路包括三极管T2、电阻R3、三极管T3和电阻R4，所述的三极管T2、三极管T3的一个是NPN型三极管、另一个是PNP型三极管，所述的三极管T2、三极管T3的基极相连，集电极并联，发射极并联连接于MOS场效应管的栅极以输出受控信号，电阻R3连接于三极管T2的发射极，电阻R4连接于三极管T3的发射极； The complementary push-pull circuit is connected to the power supply unit, and the complementary push-pull circuit comprises a transistor T2, a resistor R3, a transistor T3 and a resistor R4. One of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3 is an NPN transistor and the other is a PNP type. The triode, the triode T2, the base of the triode T3 are connected, the collectors are connected in parallel, the emitter is connected in parallel to the gate of the MOS field effect transistor to output a controlled signal, the resistor R3 is connected to the emitter of the triode T2, and the resistor R4 is connected. The emitter of the transistor T3;
连接于电源单元的三极管T1和电阻R2,所述的三极管T1的基极连接于光敏三极管T的集电极，所述的三极管T1的集电极连接于三极管T2、三极管T3的基极。 The transistor T1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the power supply unit. The base of the transistor T1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T, and the collector of the transistor T1 is connected to the base of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的电源单元包括取电输入单元、DC/DC变换器、稳压输出单元，所述的取电输入单元连接于光伏组件的输出端，所述的稳压输出单元连接于所述的受控单元。 According to a further improvement of the present invention, the power supply unit includes a power take-off input unit, a DC/DC converter, and a regulated output unit, and the power take-off input unit is connected to an output end of the photovoltaic module, and the regulated output is A unit is coupled to the controlled unit.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的DC/DC变换器具有VIN端、EN端、SW端、FB端、CB端、GND端，所述的取电输入单元包括连接于VIN端、EN端的防反二极管D1、滤波电容C2、滤波电容C3。 According to a further improvement of the present invention, the DC/DC converter has a VIN terminal, an EN terminal, a SW terminal, an FB terminal, a CB terminal, and a GND terminal, and the power take-off input unit includes an anti-connection connected to the VIN terminal and the EN terminal. Anti-diode D1, filter capacitor C2, filter capacitor C3.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的稳压输出单元包括连接于SW端的储能电感L1、采样电阻R11、采样电阻R12、续流二极管D2、滤波电容C4、滤波电容C5，FB端连接于采样电阻R1和采样电阻R2之间，CB端与SW端之间连接偏置电容C1。 According to a further improvement of the present invention, the regulated output unit comprises a storage inductor L1 connected to the SW end, a sampling resistor R11, a sampling resistor R12, a freewheeling diode D2, a filter capacitor C4, a filter capacitor C5, and the FB terminal is connected to the sampling. A bias capacitor C1 is connected between the resistor R1 and the sampling resistor R2 between the CB terminal and the SW terminal.
根据本发明的进一步改进，所述的关断装置一一对应的设置在光伏组件内部。 According to a further refinement of the invention, the shut-off devices are arranged one inside the other within the photovoltaic module.
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明可以自动实现系统中每个组件的快速安全关断，以保证人员安全。 Since the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention can automatically realize fast and safe shutdown of each component in the system to ensure personnel safety.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
附图1为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的实施例一的框架图； 1 is a skeleton diagram of Embodiment 1 of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention;
附图2为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的电路图； 2 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention;
附图3为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的电源单元的电路图； 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention;
附图4为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的实施例二的框架图。 4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the advantages and features of the invention can be more readily understood by those skilled in the art.
附图1为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的实施例一的框架图，其用于对光伏组件阵列进行关断控制，包括关断控制器和复数个独立的关断装置，关断装置具有第一连接端和第二连接端，关断装置通过第一连接端与光伏组件串联于直流母线之间，正、负端是直流母线，连接到逆变器，每个关断装置位于相邻光伏组件之间，关断装置通过第二连接端与关断控制器形成串联，关断系统是通过关断控制器将光伏电池组件串关断的装置，关断控制器是控制关断装置通断的电路，根据需要对关断控制器进行操作，关断控制器在预设条件下控制电路内的所有关断装置同时开启或关断以控制光伏组件电路的连通或断开。 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention for shutting down a photovoltaic module array, including a shutdown controller and a plurality of independent shutdown devices, a shutdown device The first connecting end and the second connecting end are provided, the shut-off device is connected in series with the photovoltaic module through the first connecting end between the DC bus bars, the positive and negative terminals are DC bus bars, connected to the inverter, and each shut-off device is located at the phase Between the adjacent photovoltaic modules, the shutdown device is connected in series with the shutdown controller through the second connection end, the shutdown system is a device that turns off the photovoltaic cell assembly string by the shutdown controller, and the shutdown controller is a control shutdown device. The circuit is turned on and off, and the shutdown controller is operated as needed. The shutdown controller is turned on or off at the same time to control the connection or disconnection of the photovoltaic module circuit under the preset condition.
关断装置包括互连主控单元、受控单元、电源单元、互连开关单元，互连主控单元具有第一连接端，互连主控单元在关断控制器的作用下产生一主控信号，电源单元连接于受控单元，受控单元在主控信号的作用下产生一受控信号，互联开关单元具有第二连接端，互联开关单元在受控信号的作用下连通或断开。当需要接通光伏电池组件串时，对关断控制器进行通操作，互连开关单元导通，光伏电池组件串全部连通，直流电能传到逆变器，进行发电。当需要关断光伏电池组件串时，对关断控制器进行关断操作，互连开关单元处关断状态，光伏电池组件串全部断开，直流母线两端电压下降到零，从而实现安全关断。 The shutdown device comprises an interconnection main control unit, a controlled unit, a power supply unit, and an interconnection switch unit, and the interconnection main control unit has a first connection end, and the interconnection main control unit generates a main control under the action of the shutdown controller The signal is connected to the controlled unit, and the controlled unit generates a controlled signal under the action of the main control signal. The interconnecting switch unit has a second connecting end, and the interconnecting switching unit is connected or disconnected under the action of the controlled signal. When the photovoltaic cell component string needs to be connected, the shutdown controller is operated, the interconnecting switch unit is turned on, the photovoltaic cell component string is all connected, and the DC power is transmitted to the inverter to generate electricity. When it is necessary to turn off the photovoltaic cell component string, the shutdown controller is turned off, the interconnect switch unit is turned off, the photovoltaic cell component string is completely disconnected, and the voltage across the DC bus is reduced to zero, thereby achieving safety Broken.
附图2为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的电路图。Z1连接前一光伏组件，Z2连接后一光伏组件。互连主控单元和受控单元之间通过光电耦合开关实现控制连接，光电耦合开关包括一发光二极管D和一受光控的光敏三极管T,D和T组成光电耦合，用以传递信号及隔离，由于光电耦合器的输入阻抗很小，即使干扰电压的幅度较大，但反馈到光电耦合器输入端的杂讯电压会很小，只能形成很微弱的电流，从而被抑制掉了。光电耦合器的输入回路与输出回路之间没有电气联系，也没有共地，之间的分布电容较小，而绝缘电阻又很大，因此回路一边的各种干扰杂讯都很难通过光电耦合器传输到另一边，避免了共阻抗耦合的干扰信号的产生。另外，光电耦合器可以很好的起到安全保障作用，即使当外部设备出现故障，甚至输入信号短接时，也不会损坏组件，因为光电耦合器的输入回路和输出回路之间可以承受几千伏的高压。最后，光电耦合器的回应速度极快，其回应延迟时间只有10μs左右，适合本发明中对回应速度要求很高的场合。 2 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention. Z1 is connected to the former PV module, and Z2 is connected to the PV module. The control connection is realized by the photoelectric coupling switch between the interconnecting main control unit and the controlled unit. The photoelectric coupling switch comprises an LED D and a photo-controlled phototransistor T, D and T form an optocoupler for transmitting signals and isolating Since the input impedance of the photocoupler is small, even if the amplitude of the interference voltage is large, the noise voltage fed back to the input end of the photocoupler is small, and only a very weak current can be formed, thereby being suppressed. There is no electrical connection between the input loop and the output loop of the optocoupler, and there is no common ground. The distributed capacitance between the coupler is small, and the insulation resistance is large. Therefore, various interference noises on the loop side are difficult to pass through the optocoupler. The transmitter is transmitted to the other side, avoiding the generation of interfering signals with common impedance coupling. In addition, the optocoupler can play a good role in safety. Even when the external device fails, even if the input signal is shorted, the component will not be damaged, because the input and output loops of the optocoupler can withstand several High voltage of kilovolts. Finally, the optocoupler has a very fast response speed and a response delay time of only about 10 μs, which is suitable for the case where the response speed is high in the present invention.
K1 连接前一互连开关单元，K2连接后一互连开关单元，互连开关单元包括一MOS场效应管， MOS场效应管的栅极连接于受控单元。 K1 is connected to the previous interconnect switch unit, K2 is connected to the next interconnect switch unit, and the interconnect switch unit includes a MOS FET. The gate of the MOS FET is connected to the controlled unit.
V 是电压源，为受控单元供电，其结构原理在后面进行详细介绍。受控单元包括：连接于电源单元的光敏三极管T和电阻R1，电阻R1连接于光敏三极管T的集电极；连接于电源单元的互补推挽电路，互补推挽电路包括三极管T2、电阻R3、三极管T3和电阻R4，三极管T2、三极管T3的一个是NPN型三极管、另一个是PNP型三极管，三极管T2、三极管T3的基极相连，集电极并联，发射极并联连接于MOS场效应管的栅极以输出受控信号，电阻R3连接于三极管T2的发射极，电阻R4连接于三极管T3的发射极；连接于电源单元的三极管T1和电阻R2,三极管T1的基极连接于光敏三极管T的集电极，三极管T1的集电极连接于三极管T2、三极管T3的基极。 V It is a voltage source that supplies power to the controlled unit, and its structural principle is described in detail later. The controlled unit includes: a phototransistor T connected to the power supply unit and a resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T; a complementary push-pull circuit connected to the power supply unit, and the complementary push-pull circuit includes a triode T2, a resistor R3, and a triode T3 and resistor R4, transistor T2, transistor T3 one is NPN type transistor, the other is PNP type transistor, transistor T2, transistor T3 base is connected, collector is connected in parallel, and the emitter is connected in parallel to the gate of MOS field effect transistor To output the controlled signal, the resistor R3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor T2, the resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor T3; the transistor T1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the power supply unit, and the base of the transistor T1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T The collector of the transistor T1 is connected to the base of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3.
' 互补'是通过采用两种不同极性的三极管，利用不同极性三极管的输入极性不同，用一个信号来激励两只不同极性的三极管，一个是NPN型三极管，另一个是PNP型三极管，两只三极管的基极相连，在两管的基极加一个输入信号作推动信号。两管基极和发射极并联，由于两只三极管的极性不同，基极上的输入信号电压对两管而言一个是正向偏置，一个是反向偏置。当有输入信号时，两管基极同时电压升高，此时输入信号电压给一管加上正向偏置电压，所以该管进入导通和放大状态。由于基极电压升高，对另一管来讲加上反向偏置电压，所以该管处于截止状态。 当无 输入信号时，两管基极同时电压下降，给另一管正向偏置，使该管进入导通和放大状态，而一管又进入截止状态。 ' Complementary' is the use of two different polarity triodes, using different polarity of the input polarity of different transistors, using a signal to excite two different polarity triodes, one is the NPN type triode, the other is the PNP type triode, The bases of the two transistors are connected, and an input signal is applied to the base of the two tubes as a push signal. The base and emitter of the two tubes are connected in parallel. Due to the different polarities of the two transistors, the input signal voltage on the base is forward biased to the two tubes, and one is reverse biased. When there is an input signal, the voltage of the base of the two tubes rises at the same time. At this time, the input signal voltage adds a forward bias voltage to one tube, so the tube enters the conduction and amplification states. Since the base voltage rises and a reverse bias voltage is applied to the other tube, the tube is in an off state. When there is no input signal, the base voltages of the two tubes drop at the same time, and the other tube is forward biased, so that the tube enters the conduction and amplification states, and one tube enters the cut-off state again.
本发明的快速关断电路工作原理：当需要光伏系统连通工作时，控制信号由K1流向K2，D发光，T导通，T1截止，R2下端高电平，T2导通T3截止，T4的栅极高电平，T4导通，光伏系统接通。当需要光伏系统快速断开时，切断K1K2之间的信号，D不发光，T截止，T1饱和，R2下端为低电平，T2截止T3导通，T4的栅极为低电平，T4截止，光伏系统断开。 The working principle of the fast shutdown circuit of the invention: when the photovoltaic system needs to be connected, the control signal flows from K1 to K2, D emits light, T turns on, T1 cuts off, R2 lower end high level, T2 turns on T3 cutoff, T4 gate Extremely high, T4 is on and the PV system is on. When the photovoltaic system needs to be quickly disconnected, the signal between K1K2 is cut off, D does not emit light, T is turned off, T1 is saturated, the lower end of R2 is low level, T2 is turned off T3 is turned on, the gate of T4 is low level, T4 is cut off, The photovoltaic system is disconnected.
附图3为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的电源单元的电路图，电源单元包括取电输入单元、DC/DC变换器、稳压输出单元，取电输入单元连接于光伏组件的输出端，稳压输出单元连接于受控单元，其中的DC/DC变换器采用DC/DC芯片,DC/DC芯片是一款电流模式的降压型转换器，它具有很宽的输入电压范围4.5V~52V，适用于各种应用， 调节不稳定的电源至固定的稳定输出。内建低阻值0.9Ω 的切换开关，使得该IC 拥有85% 的良好工作效率，加上有效地降低芯片表面温度的优点。 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention. The power supply unit includes a power take-off input unit, a DC/DC converter, and a regulated output unit, and the power take-off unit is connected to an output end of the photovoltaic module. The regulated output unit is connected to the controlled unit. The DC/DC converter uses a DC/DC chip. The DC/DC chip is a current mode step-down converter with a wide input voltage range of 4.5V~. 52V for a variety of applications, Adjust the unstable power supply to a fixed, stable output. The built-in low-resistance 0.9Ω switch makes the IC 85% good operating efficiency, plus the advantage of effectively reducing the surface temperature of the chip.
DC/DC 芯片具有VIN端、EN端、SW端、FB端、CB端、GND端，VIN、GND是本电源的输入端，从光伏组件上取电。取电输入单元包括连接于VIN端、EN端的防反二极管D1、滤波电容C2、滤波电容C3。V、GND是本电源的输出端，为光伏快速关断电路供电。稳压输出单元包括连接于SW端的储能电感L1、采样电阻R11、采样电阻R12、续流二极管D2、滤波电容C4、滤波电容C5，FB端连接于采样电阻R1和采样电阻R2之间，CB端与SW端之间连接偏置电容C1。 DC/DC The chip has a VIN terminal, an EN terminal, a SW terminal, an FB terminal, a CB terminal, and a GND terminal. VIN and GND are input terminals of the power supply, and power is taken from the photovoltaic component. The power take-off input unit includes a reverse-proof diode D1, a filter capacitor C2, and a filter capacitor C3 connected to the VIN terminal and the EN terminal. V, GND is the output end of the power supply, which supplies power to the photovoltaic fast shutdown circuit. The regulated output unit includes a storage inductor L1 connected to the SW end, a sampling resistor R11, a sampling resistor R12, a freewheeling diode D2, a filter capacitor C4, and a filter capacitor C5. The FB terminal is connected between the sampling resistor R1 and the sampling resistor R2, CB. A bias capacitor C1 is connected between the terminal and the SW terminal.
本电路由VIN、GND从光伏组件上取电，经过D1防接反，由C2、C3滤波退耦，由U1作DC/DC变换，经L1储能D2续流，C4、C5滤波，由R1、R2采样反馈给U1，从而获得后续电路所需要的稳定电压。 This circuit takes power from the PV module by VIN and GND, and is decoupled by C1 and C3 after D1 anti-connection, U1 for DC/DC conversion, L1 for D1 free-flow, C4 and C5 for filtering, by R1 R2 samples are fed back to U1 to obtain the stable voltage required by the subsequent circuits.
附图4为本发明的光伏组件阵列关断系统的实施例二的框架图，本实施例中的光伏组件接线盒关断装置与实施例一中的类似，区别在于本实施中的关断装置一一对应的设置在光伏组件内部，具体的，还可以是与光伏组件接线盒整合为一体，作为光伏组件接线盒的独立单元存在，从而使用安装更加简单，因此本实用发明自动实现系统中每个组件的快速安全关断，以保证人员安全。 4 is a frame diagram of a second embodiment of a photovoltaic module array shutdown system of the present invention. The photovoltaic module junction box shutoff device in this embodiment is similar to that in the first embodiment, except that the shutdown device in the present embodiment The one-to-one correspondence is arranged inside the photovoltaic module, and specifically, it can be integrated with the photovoltaic component junction box, and exists as a separate unit of the photovoltaic component junction box, so that the installation is simpler, so the utility model automatically realizes each in the system. Quick and safe shutdown of components to ensure personnel safety.
以上实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人了解本发明的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本实用新型精神发明的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。 The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and the features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to understand the contents of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention, which is in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. Equivalent variations or modifications of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. 一种光伏组件阵列关断系统，用于对光伏组件阵列进行关断控制，其特征在于：包括关断控制器和复数个关断装置，所述的关断装置具有第一连接端和第二连接端，所述的关断装置通过第一连接端与光伏组件串联于直流母线之间，并且每个所述的关断装置位于相邻光伏组件之间，所述的关断装置通过第二连接端与关断控制器形成串联，所述的关断控制器在预设条件下控制电路内的所有关断装置同时开启或关断以控制光伏组件电路的连通或断开。 1. A photovoltaic module array shutdown system for shutting down a photovoltaic module array, comprising: a shutdown controller and a plurality of shutdown devices, the shutdown device having a first connection end and a second a connecting end, the shut-off device is connected in series with the photovoltaic module through the first connection end between the DC bus bars, and each of the shut-off devices is located between adjacent photovoltaic components, and the shut-off device passes through the second The connection end is connected in series with the shutdown controller, and the shutdown controller controls the related disconnecting means in the circuit to be simultaneously turned on or off under a preset condition to control the connection or disconnection of the photovoltaic module circuit.
2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的关断装置包括互连主控单元、受控单元、电源单元、互连开关单元，所述的互连主控单元具有第一连接端，所述的互连主控单元在关断控制器的作用下产生一主控信号，所述的电源单元连接于所述的受控单元，所述的受控单元在主控信号的作用下产生一受控信号，所述的互联开关单元具有第二连接端，所述的互联开关单元在所述的受控信号的作用下连通或断开。2. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 1, wherein said shut-off device comprises an interconnection main control unit, a controlled unit, a power supply unit, and an interconnection switch unit, said interconnection master The unit has a first connection end, and the interconnection main control unit generates a main control signal under the action of the shutdown controller, the power supply unit is connected to the controlled unit, and the controlled unit is A controlled signal is generated by the main control signal, and the interconnecting switch unit has a second connecting end, and the interconnecting switching unit is connected or disconnected by the controlled signal.
3. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的互连主控单元和受控单元之间通过光电耦合开关实现控制连接，所述的光电耦合开关包括一发光二极管D和一受光控的光敏三极管T。3. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 2, wherein said interconnecting main control unit and said controlled unit are connected by a photoelectrically coupled switch, said optocoupler switch comprising an LED D and a light-controlled phototransistor T.
4. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的互连开关单元包括一MOS场效应管，MOS场效应管的栅极连接于所述的受控单元。4. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 2, wherein said interconnecting switching unit comprises a MOS field effect transistor, and a gate of the MOS field effect transistor is connected to said controlled unit.
5. 根据权利要求4所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的受控单元包括：5. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system of claim 4, wherein the controlled unit comprises:
连接于电源单元的光敏三极管T和电阻R1，电阻R1连接于光敏三极管T的集电极；Connected to the phototransistor T of the power supply unit and the resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T;
连接于电源单元的互补推挽电路，所述的互补推挽电路包括三极管T2、电阻R3、三极管T3和电阻R4，所述的三极管T2、三极管T3的一个是NPN型三极管、另一个是PNP型三极管，所述的三极管T2、三极管T3的基极相连，集电极并联，发射极并联连接于MOS场效应管的栅极以输出受控信号，电阻R3连接于三极管T2的发射极，电阻R4连接于三极管T3的发射极；The complementary push-pull circuit is connected to the power supply unit, and the complementary push-pull circuit comprises a transistor T2, a resistor R3, a transistor T3 and a resistor R4. One of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3 is an NPN transistor and the other is a PNP type. The triode, the triode T2, the base of the triode T3 are connected, the collectors are connected in parallel, the emitter is connected in parallel to the gate of the MOS field effect transistor to output a controlled signal, the resistor R3 is connected to the emitter of the triode T2, and the resistor R4 is connected. The emitter of the transistor T3;
连接于电源单元的三极管T1和电阻R2,所述的三极管T1的基极连接于光敏三极管T的集电极，所述的三极管T1的集电极连接于三极管T2、三极管T3的基极。The transistor T1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the power supply unit. The base of the transistor T1 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor T, and the collector of the transistor T1 is connected to the base of the transistor T2 and the transistor T3.
6. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的电源单元包括取电输入单元、DC/DC变换器、稳压输出单元，所述的取电输入单元连接于光伏组件的输出端，所述的稳压输出单元连接于所述的受控单元。6. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 2, wherein the power supply unit comprises a power take-off input unit, a DC/DC converter, and a regulated output unit, and the power take-off unit is connected to the photovoltaic unit. An output of the component, the regulated output unit is coupled to the controlled unit.
7. 根据权利要求6所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的DC/DC变换器具有VIN端、EN端、SW端、FB端、CB端、GND端，所述的取电输入单元包括连接于VIN端、EN端的防反二极管D1、滤波电容C2、滤波电容C3。7. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 6, wherein said DC/DC converter has a VIN terminal, an EN terminal, a SW terminal, an FB terminal, a CB terminal, and a GND terminal, and said power is taken. The input unit includes a reverse-proof diode D1, a filter capacitor C2, and a filter capacitor C3 connected to the VIN terminal and the EN terminal.
8. 根据权利要求7所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的稳压输出单元包括连接于SW端的储能电感L1、采样电阻R11、采样电阻R12、续流二极管D2、滤波电容C4、滤波电容C5，FB端连接于采样电阻R1和采样电阻R2之间，CB端与SW端之间连接偏置电容C1。8. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 7, wherein the regulated output unit comprises a storage inductor L1 connected to the SW terminal, a sampling resistor R11, a sampling resistor R12, a freewheeling diode D2, and a filter capacitor. C4, filter capacitor C5, FB end is connected between the sampling resistor R1 and the sampling resistor R2, and the bias capacitor C1 is connected between the CB terminal and the SW terminal.
9. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件阵列关断系统，其特征在于：所述的关断装置一一对应的设置在光伏组件内部。9. The photovoltaic module array shutdown system according to claim 1, wherein the shut-off devices are disposed one inside the other in a photovoltaic module.
PCT/CN2018/075227 2018-02-05 2018-02-05 Shutdown system for photovoltaic assembly array WO2019148483A1 (en)

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