WO2019145261A1 - Ouvrage composite - Google Patents
Ouvrage composite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019145261A1 WO2019145261A1 PCT/EP2019/051390 EP2019051390W WO2019145261A1 WO 2019145261 A1 WO2019145261 A1 WO 2019145261A1 EP 2019051390 W EP2019051390 W EP 2019051390W WO 2019145261 A1 WO2019145261 A1 WO 2019145261A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- work according
- cementitious material
- profiles
- composite
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/40—Plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of civil engineering and more particularly, but not exclusively, that of the construction of bridges or slabs, small and large, to span roads, railways or other infrastructure or obstacles.
- US Patent 6,467,118 discloses a structure comprising profiles of composite material and a platform resting on these profiles, itself composite material. Such a structure made entirely of composite material proves expensive to produce for large loads. In addition, its fire resistance remains limited.
- US Pat. No. 7,861,346 discloses a gangway comprising metal bins on which a cementitious material is cast. Connectors are provided on the bins to take up the shear stresses.
- US Pat. No. 6,170,105 relates to bridge elements comprising bottom panels of composite material covered with a layer of concrete, resting on a metal frame, with welded metal connectors connecting the frame to the concrete.
- the patent is silent on the stability of the structure in case of fire.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,595,034 relates to the realization of bridge decks of a kind of grating of the kind grating whose voids are filled with concrete.
- the complexity of the implementation does not allow the realization of large works.
- the invention aims to meet this need and it achieves this through a civil engineering work, including bridge, slab or other carrier element, comprising:
- the structure of composite material can advantageously participate in the taking into account, total or partial, operating expenses. In other words, it can advantageously be performed so as to participate, if desired, in the holding of the work in the final phase.
- composite material is meant an organic matrix composite material, for example, consisting of glass or carbon fibers with a length of between a few mm and several tens of cm, the fibers being woven or deposited in superimposed unidirectional layers.
- a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin provides the connection between the fibers. This resin is provided within the fiber layers by several possible methods, these processes being infusion, draping on contact, prepreg, injection, pultrusion, or filament winding.
- the structure according to the invention has the advantage of allowing a very rapid installation of the composite material structure, because it can be prefabricated at the factory, in one or more elements compatible with the on-site transport, for example by the road.
- the structure of composite material has the advantage of being light, and lifting for its implementation can be done relatively easily, without the need for heavy handling means.
- the composite structure when placed above an electrified railway, can be easily made with fibers of an electrical insulating material, such as glass fibers.
- the establishment of the composite material structure does not require interruption of traffic, because the structure can be made with great length because of its lightness and its initial strength. If the traffic is nevertheless interrupted for security reasons, the interruption can be of short duration and thus take place for example during one night.
- the composite material structure Once the composite material structure in place, it is used for the purposes of the continuation of the site and its mechanical strength allows it to withstand the movement of people and equipment without hindering traffic on the channel or crossed.
- the composite material structure is thus used for setting up the reinforcements used to produce the reinforced cementitious material structure, and serves as a formwork for pouring the cementitious material, its mechanical strength enabling it to withstand the weight of the material structure. reinforced cementitious. Thus, it can hold under load during the construction phase of the structure, without requiring the installation of a metal frame supporting it over its entire length.
- the structure of reinforced cementitious material becomes self-supporting and ensures the holding of the structure in case of failure of the composite material structure, during a fire, for example.
- the invention makes it possible, if desired, to make large-scale structures while greatly limiting the disturbances generated for the traffic of the crossed lanes.
- the invention allows a very easy integration of functions or technical areas, for example by arranging corresponding sheaths in the recesses of the structure. composite material and / or giving the latter the form that best suits the desired function.
- the structure of composite material may have a lower face having the desired finish, applied in the factory during manufacture thereof. This reduces the work of painting on the site.
- the structure of composite material is advantageously coated below with a topcoat, preferably a "Coat gel” deposited in the mold before manufacture of the composite material structure in this mold, which avoids the phases of finish.
- the composite material can thus provide a long-lasting protection to the cementitious material vis-à-vis atmospheric agents.
- the invention makes it possible to limit, or even to avoid, the use of metal, and therefore to reduce corrosion problems.
- the structure of composite material comprises at least one profile, in particular of trapezoidal section extended by two flat portions comprising sockets, and better a plurality of assembled sections, in particular laterally and / or in the extension of each other.
- the profiles have cooperating reliefs to ensure a predefined positioning of a profile relative to an adjacent section.
- the profiles may in particular have overlapping lateral parts, with the interposition of a seal between them.
- the structure of reinforced cementitious material preferably comprises reinforcements extending within the profile (s), that is to say caissons formed by them.
- the structure of cementitious material advantageously comprises reinforcements extending above the profile or profiles, in particular to reinforce the compression slab formed by the cementitious material above the structure of composite material.
- the structure of composite material may comprise at least one raised edge constituting a concrete stop.
- the structure may comprise vertical reinforcements arranged at least partially in the caissons of the profiles projecting downwards.
- the vertical armatures comprise for example a rectilinear and vertical median portion and a peripheral portion along the flanks of the box.
- the frames of the peripheral part can join to form a loop.
- the structure of composite material comprises reliefs ensuring transmission of longitudinal and / or vertical shear forces between the cementitious material structure and the composite material structure.
- These reliefs may comprise stiffeners present between two skins made of synthetic material reinforced by fibers of the composite structure.
- the length of the composite material structure can vary from a few meters to several tens of meters, being for example greater than or equal to 15m.
- the composite material structure may comprise mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers, and / or carbon fibers, and / or plant fibers, in particular flax or hemp fibers, preferably in the form of folds within the polymeric matrix of the composite.
- the structure of composite material may comprise reinforcements positioning reinforcements of the cementitious material structure.
- the structure of reinforced cementitious material and the structure of composite material may each have insufficient mechanical strength to support isolated overload forces for which the structure is designed to withstand, but together allow to support these efforts. Thus, we can reduce the amount of concrete used and take full advantage of the mechanical strength provided by the presence of the composite material structure.
- the reinforced cementitious material structure is preferably self-supporting in the event of failure of the composite material structure.
- the structure may constitute a bridge or any other crossing structure.
- the reinforced cementitious material preferably comprises armed beams cast in the box of the profiles at first and an armed compression slab cast over the caissons of the profiles, after formation of the beams.
- the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to a method of constructing a structure as defined above, comprising the steps of:
- the casting of the reinforced cementitious material is preferably carried out in at least two stages, with the casting in the caisson of the profiles in a first step to form reinforced beams and pouring over the caissons of the profiles, after formation of the beams, to make an armed compression slab.
- This allows to take advantage of the resistance provided by the girders to support the weight of the slab and thus to further lighten the composite material structure, when desired, and avoid the temporary support structures.
- the method may comprise the incorporation into the cementitious material of sheaths for the passage of pre or post-stress networks or cables.
- one or more sleeves can be installed after the casting of the girders.
- Vertical reinforcements may be arranged in the profiles of the composite structure.
- the establishment of the composite material structure can be carried out without metal framework supporting it along its length.
- the structure of composite material is in this sense self-supporting.
- FIG. 1 represents in elevation, very schematically, an example of a construction made according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a section of the structure
- FIGS. 3A to 3D illustrate various stages during the construction of the work
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a structure 1 according to the invention, intended for crossing an electrified railway track F, the catenaries and support posts having not been shown in the drawing.
- the structure 1 comprises a bridge 10 resting at its ends on supports 11 constituted for example by towers equipped with stairs and / or lifts to access the bridge, access to it can still be s in non-illustrated variants from buildings or ramps.
- the bridge 10 shown in isolation in FIG. 2 is produced according to the invention with a composite material structure 20 and a reinforced cementitious material structure 30.
- the structure of composite material 20 comprises a plurality of collaborating sections 21, assembled in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bridge.
- Each profile 21 is elongated along the longitudinal axis of the bridge, has a central box 22 and two side portions 23 and 24.
- the box 22 has a bottom 25, of planar shape in the illustrated example, and two uprights 26 which diverge away from the bottom 25, giving the box a substantially trapezoidal cross section.
- profiles 21 can of course be associated with each other in the manufacture and then form only one set of two or three waves or more, as shown in Figure 5.
- the lateral parts 23 and 24 have reliefs which cooperate when the lateral parts are superimposed, to ensure a predefined positioning of the two adjacent sections.
- these reliefs are formed by a rib 24a projecting upwards on the lateral part 24 and by a complementary profile rib 23a shaped to receive the rib 24a, formed on the lateral part 23.
- the rib 24a and groove 23a are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profiles
- the lateral part 24 further comprises a rib 24b open towards the lateral part 23 which is superimposed on it, to accommodate a seal 27 interposed between the lateral parts 23 and 24.
- the width of the side portions 23 and 24 is substantially the same in the illustrated example.
- Reliefs are formed on the profiles to ensure a good transmission of the mechanical forces of the profiles to the cementitious material and vice versa.
- these reliefs comprise bosses 28 projecting on the inner faces of the uprights 26. These bosses may comprise internally stiffeners 29.
- the bosses 28 may be partly elongated, oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profiles, and partly oriented perpendicular to this longitudinal axis (not shown).
- the bosses 28 project for example from a distance of between 5 and 150 mm towards the inside of the profile.
- the reinforced cementitious material forms a compression slab 31 extended on its lower face by beams 32 occupying at least part of the volume of the caissons 22.
- Each beam 32 comprises reinforcements 33 and the slab 31 comprises reinforcements 34, the forces being able to be transmitted by vertical steels 51 such as those visible in FIGS. 3C and 3D.
- the vertical frames 51 may comprise, as illustrated, a rectilinear and vertical median portion 5a and a peripheral portion 5b.
- the reinforcements of the peripheral portion 5 lb extend in a vertical plane, form a loop along the wall of the boxes 22 of the profiles 21 and the surface of the cementitious material.
- the horizontal frames 33 and 34 can be made integral with these frames 51, before pouring the cementitious material, by any suitable means.
- the procedure is as follows.
- thermoplastic or thermosetting resin as the matrix and as a backbone a reinforcement of mineral, vegetable or synthetic fibers.
- the reinforcement may be in the form of oriented fibers or not, preferably in the form of fabric.
- the fibers are preferably glass fibers, but other materials may be used, such as carbon, polyester, aramid, hemp or flax.
- the resin may be a thermosetting resin based on unsaturated polyester, epoxy, vinylester, phenol or polyimide.
- the resin may also be a thermoplastic resin based on polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) and polyphenylene ether-ketone (PEEK), or an acrylic resin.
- PP polypropylene
- PA polyamide
- PEI polyetherimide
- PPS polyphenylene sulphide
- PEEK polyphenylene ether-ketone
- the shaping can be done by simultaneous projection molding, prepreg draping, contact molding, vacuum molding, infusion, compression molding of prepregs (SMC and BMC), injection, continuous impregnation, pultrusion , stamping, RTM., compression molding of prepregs (SMC and BMC), stamping,
- the stiffener 29 used is for example foam type Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), or expanded polystyrene
- PET Polyethylene Terephthalate
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PU polyurethane
- the section 21 can be made with or without stiffener outside the bosses 28.
- stiffener an expanded polystyrene foam as mentioned above, or any other suitable material, for example a honeycomb structure.
- the profiles 21 can be assembled on the site, for example by being bolted or otherwise fixed together, and the structure thus assembled can be lifted using a crane and placed on supports waiting on both sides of the way to cross, and fixed on them.
- the composite material structure can be made with the entire length separating the supports and thus be laid at one time.
- the length of the composite material structure as lifted by the crane is for example greater than or equal to 20m.
- the interruption of traffic on the crossed lane is necessary only during the laying of the composite material structure, and remains short-lived.
- the traffic can resume from the structure in composite material laid, and especially during the work of laying the reinforcements of the slab of cementitious material and the casting of the latter.
- FIG. 3B shows the structure of composite material after assembly of the profiles 21, and in FIG. 3C after installation of the reinforcements 33 and filling of the profiles 21.
- the casting of the cementitious material can be carried out in several stages, with for example the filling of the profiles 21 in a first step, before the laying of the reinforcements 34 of the compression slab 31 and the casting of the cementitious material thereof, as illustrated in Figure 3D.
- cementitious material is poured at once to fill the profiles and form the compression slab.
- the mechanical strength provided by the beams 32 during casting of the slab 31 is used.
- the mechanical strength of the composite material structure allows it to support the weight of the reinforcements and the cementitious material cast on it, as well as that of the men and the site during the development of the bridge.
- the mechanical strength of the structure of cementitious material allows it to be self-supporting, so that in case of failure of the composite material structure following a fire, for example, the cementitious material structure continues to ensure the holding of the work and avoids its collapse.
- the structure of cementitious material so that the composite material structure is necessary to support a part at least the overhead allowed by the gateway.
- This overload is for example 500 kg / m 2 and the composite material structure can absorb all of this overload. In other words, in the absence of a composite material structure, the structure of cementitious material would be unable to withstand without damage such overload.
- the composite material structure serves not only formwork, lost but significantly contributes to the structural strength of the structure, which allows to minimize the amount of cementitious material used.
- FIGS. 3C and 3D illustrate the possibility of disposing one or several sleeves 50 within the cementitious material, this or these sleeves being for example disposed above the level of the concrete cast in the profiles 21 during the step corresponding to Figure 3C, to form the beams 32.
- the composite material structure may have at least one raised edge 52 constituting a concrete stop, as shown in Figures 3B to 3D.
- the height of this raised edge is preferably greater than that of the concrete poured inside the composite structure, so that it is not necessary to provide a form of edge reported on the composite structure.
- the cementitious material can be prestressed by applying, for example, a stress to the reinforcements once the cementitious material is in place.
- Local reinforcements can be added to the composite material structure, particularly at the supports. It may be metal reinforcements or not, but preferably the composite material structure is made without metal reinforcements.
- the underside of the composite structure is pre-painted and made with a finished surface state, which avoids painting work that may require interruption of traffic under the crossed lane.
- the structure of composite material can thus be coated on its underside with a "Coat gel" giving the desired surface appearance.
- the composite material structure may also include a coating for improving its fire resistance.
- the bosses may not be formed with the rest of the composite material structure but reported in a second step, being for example glued on the rest of the structure.
- the cementitious material may be based on any type of cement or concrete, whether or not fired.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2010959.1A GB2583665B (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2019-01-21 | Composite structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1850512A FR3077078B1 (fr) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | Ouvrage composite |
FR1850512 | 2018-01-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019145261A1 true WO2019145261A1 (fr) | 2019-08-01 |
Family
ID=62017483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2019/051390 WO2019145261A1 (fr) | 2018-01-23 | 2019-01-21 | Ouvrage composite |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR3077078B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2583665B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019145261A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4453364A (en) | 1980-05-27 | 1984-06-12 | Ting Raymond M L | Corrugated steel decking section |
US5595034A (en) | 1995-02-22 | 1997-01-21 | Harsco Corporation | Grid assembly with improved form pan for use in grid reinforced concrete decks and method of manufacturing same |
US6170105B1 (en) | 1999-04-29 | 2001-01-09 | Composite Deck Solutions, Llc | Composite deck system and method of construction |
US6467118B2 (en) | 1996-09-30 | 2002-10-22 | Martin Marietta Materials | Modular polymeric matrix composite load bearing deck structure |
US20050115195A1 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-02 | D. S. Brown Co. | Prestressed or post-tension composite structural system |
US7861346B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2011-01-04 | Ail International Inc. | Corrugated metal plate bridge with composite concrete structure |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2026585A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-02-06 | Fibermold Ltd | Shuttering for casting bridge decks |
KR20100022703A (ko) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-03-03 | 최봉섭 | Gfrp 소재의 데크플레이트를 이용한 합성슬래브 |
KR101366714B1 (ko) * | 2011-09-01 | 2014-02-24 | 경기대학교 산학협력단 | 에프알피 패널 일체형 데크플레이트 |
US10323368B2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2019-06-18 | Lifting Point Pre-Form Pty Limited | Module for a structure |
-
2018
- 2018-01-23 FR FR1850512A patent/FR3077078B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-01-21 WO PCT/EP2019/051390 patent/WO2019145261A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-01-21 GB GB2010959.1A patent/GB2583665B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4453364A (en) | 1980-05-27 | 1984-06-12 | Ting Raymond M L | Corrugated steel decking section |
US5595034A (en) | 1995-02-22 | 1997-01-21 | Harsco Corporation | Grid assembly with improved form pan for use in grid reinforced concrete decks and method of manufacturing same |
US6467118B2 (en) | 1996-09-30 | 2002-10-22 | Martin Marietta Materials | Modular polymeric matrix composite load bearing deck structure |
US6170105B1 (en) | 1999-04-29 | 2001-01-09 | Composite Deck Solutions, Llc | Composite deck system and method of construction |
US20050115195A1 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-02 | D. S. Brown Co. | Prestressed or post-tension composite structural system |
US7861346B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2011-01-04 | Ail International Inc. | Corrugated metal plate bridge with composite concrete structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3077078A1 (fr) | 2019-07-26 |
FR3077078B1 (fr) | 2023-03-31 |
GB2583665A (en) | 2020-11-04 |
GB2583665B (en) | 2023-01-04 |
GB202010959D0 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
GB2583665A9 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
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