WO2019145067A1 - Electrical inverter, electrical circuit and method for operating the inverter or the circuit - Google Patents

Electrical inverter, electrical circuit and method for operating the inverter or the circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019145067A1
WO2019145067A1 PCT/EP2018/082354 EP2018082354W WO2019145067A1 WO 2019145067 A1 WO2019145067 A1 WO 2019145067A1 EP 2018082354 W EP2018082354 W EP 2018082354W WO 2019145067 A1 WO2019145067 A1 WO 2019145067A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inverter
electrical
load
circuit
electronic components
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/082354
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juergen Sierts
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019145067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019145067A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/0004—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
    • H02P23/0027—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control using different modes of control depending on a parameter, e.g. the speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/02—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
    • B60L15/025—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using field orientation; Vector control; Direct Torque Control [DTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/24—Coasting mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/26—Transition between different drive modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical inverter for supplying an electrical machine in a vehicle having electronic components and in a clock mode of a conversion of DC voltage and
  • Work areas is operated, which include a load operation and a load-free operation. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical circuit according to claim 4 and a method according to claim 5.
  • PWM pulse width modulated
  • IGBTs or MOSFETs are used as electronic switches. These work, for example, in a B6 bridge on a 3-phase electric motor.
  • the control takes place by means of a pulse pattern.
  • the frequency of the pulse pattern is also referred to as the switching frequency.
  • the operation of one of the vehicles mentioned is preferably such that a
  • Control unit of the vehicle sends the inverter a status request.
  • This can be for example a standby or a torque request
  • TorqueControl As soon as torque is demanded from the inverter, the inverter switches over to voltage modulation. Typically, a switching frequency of 9 or 10 kHz is selected here. In the operation of the inverter, various losses occur. Here dominate two loss mechanisms, namely on the one hand Leitwine and on the other hand switching losses. Many of the losses are directly dependent on the level of the inverter current (phase current or DC).
  • the inverter according to the invention for supplying an electrical machine in a vehicle should operate as low as possible, which leads to a corresponding energy and cost savings and represents a major contribution to the environment. Furthermore, the standard consumption of an electric vehicle having the inverter should be significantly improved.
  • the invention provides that in a no-load operation, the clock mode and / or an electrical supply of the electronic components of the inverter responsible for the clock mode are switched off. The load-free operation is detected for example by means of a suitable sensor, and it will be the clock mode and optionally the electrical
  • the no-load operation is detected when, in particular in an undisturbed ferry operation of the vehicle, a torque requirement of zero Newton meters is specified for an electric machine to be driven by means of the inverter.
  • Fähr plante means in this context, the normal operation of a vehicle, which includes a departure of a route from one place to another, during which Fähr plantes also occur periods in which the vehicle is moving or even stationary, for example, at intersections, at traffic lights or Traffic jam.
  • a torque request of zero can be specified in which the load-free operation takes place accordingly.
  • Torque request is not equal to zero, there is a load operation.
  • the load operation and the no-load operation does not include the operation of the inverter in the event of an error
  • the shutdown of the clocking operation includes inhibiting the switching of the power switches of the inverter.
  • the switching off of the electronic components of the inverter which are responsible for the clock operation comprises interrupting the voltage supply of the gate drivers for controlling the power switches of the inverter.
  • the inverter is in no-load operation, for example, when the electric machine has no engine speed and / or no
  • the inverter in the no-load operation occupies a predetermined operating point.
  • this predetermined operating point is a freewheeling operation of the electric machine to be supplied by the inverter.
  • the inverter at the operating point where no clocking operation is necessary, turns it off
  • an electrical circuit may be provided which comprises the above-mentioned inverter and an electric machine, for example as already mentioned above.
  • the inverter supplies the electrical machine.
  • it is a 3-phase electric machine, which is operated via a bridge circuit, for example a B6 bridge.
  • the inverter comes with a desired
  • Switching frequency preferably 9 or 10 kHz, operated.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating an electrical inverter or an electrical circuit, wherein the inverter or the electrical circuit is formed according to the above embodiments and is operated accordingly.
  • the inverter is operated with an inverter software.
  • the signal sizes electric machine speed and
  • Torque request available If one or both values have the value 0, the procedure according to the invention is carried out, namely the switching off of the clock mode and / or the switching off of the electrical supply of the electronic components of the inverter responsible for the clock mode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical inverter that comprises electronic components and converts direct voltage into alternating voltage in a clock mode, the inverter being operated in different operating ranges including a load operation and a load-free operation. According to the invention, in the load-free operation, the clock mode and/or an electrical supply of the electronic components required for the clock mode are deactivated.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Titel title
Elektrischer Inverter, elektrische Schaltung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben des Electrical inverter, electrical circuit and method of operating the
Inverters oder der Schaltung Inverter or circuit
Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Inverter zur Versorgung einer elektrischen Maschine in einem Fahrzeug, der Elektronikbauteile aufweist und in einem Taktbetrieb einer Umwandlung von Gleichspannung und The invention relates to an electrical inverter for supplying an electrical machine in a vehicle having electronic components and in a clock mode of a conversion of DC voltage and
Wechselspannung vornimmt, wobei der Inverter in verschiedenen AC voltage, the inverter in different
Arbeitsbereichen betrieben wird, die einen Lastbetrieb und einen lastfreien Betrieb beinhalten. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine elektrische Schaltung gemäß Anspruch 4 und ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5. Work areas is operated, which include a load operation and a load-free operation. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical circuit according to claim 4 and a method according to claim 5.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bekannte Inverter für elektrische Antriebe in Fahrzeugen verwenden Use known inverter for electric drives in vehicles
typischerweise pulsweitenmodulierte Spannungssignale (PWM), um eine von einer Batterie bereitgestellte Gleichspannung in Wechselspannung für die Phasen einer elektrischen Maschine umzuwandeln. Hierfür werden vorzugsweise Elektronikbauteile, insbesondere IGBTs oder MosFETs als elektronische Schalter verwendet. Diese arbeiten zum Beispiel in einer B6-Brücke an einer 3phasigen E-Maschine. Die Ansteuerung erfolgt mittels eines Pulsmusters. Die Frequenz des Pulsmusters wird auch als Schaltfrequenz bezeichnet. Der Betrieb eines der erwähnten Fahrzeuge erfolgt vorzugsweise derart, dass eine typically pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage signals to convert a DC voltage provided by a battery to AC voltage for the phases of an electrical machine. For this purpose, preferably electronic components, in particular IGBTs or MOSFETs are used as electronic switches. These work, for example, in a B6 bridge on a 3-phase electric motor. The control takes place by means of a pulse pattern. The frequency of the pulse pattern is also referred to as the switching frequency. The operation of one of the vehicles mentioned is preferably such that a
Steuereinheit des Fahrzeugs dem Inverter eine Zustandsanforderung sendet. Diese kann beispielsweise ein Standby oder eine Drehmomentanfrage Control unit of the vehicle sends the inverter a status request. This can be for example a standby or a torque request
(TorqueControl) sein. Der Inverter geht, sobald von ihm TorqueControl abverlangt wird, zur Spannungsmodulation über. Typischerweise wird hierbei eine Schaltfrequenz von 9 oder 10 kHz gewählt. Im Betrieb des Inverters treten verschiedene Verluste auf. Hierbei dominieren zwei Verlustmechanismen, nämlich einerseits Leitverluste und andererseits Schaltverluste. Viele der Verluste sind direkt abhängig von der Höhe des Inverterstroms (Phasenstrom oder Gleichstrom). (TorqueControl). As soon as torque is demanded from the inverter, the inverter switches over to voltage modulation. Typically, a switching frequency of 9 or 10 kHz is selected here. In the operation of the inverter, various losses occur. Here dominate two loss mechanisms, namely on the one hand Leitverluste and on the other hand switching losses. Many of the losses are directly dependent on the level of the inverter current (phase current or DC).
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Der erfindungsgemäße Inverter zur Versorgung einer elektrischen Maschine in einem Fahrzeug soll möglichst verlustarm arbeiten, was zu einer entsprechenden Energie- und Kosteneinsparung führt und einen großen Beitrag für die Umwelt darstellt. Ferner soll der Normverbrauch eines Elektrofahrzeugs, das den Inverter aufweist, deutlich verbessert werden. Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass in einem lastfreien Betrieb der Taktbetrieb und/oder eine elektrische Versorgung der für den Taktbetrieb zuständigen Elektronikbauteile des Inverters abgeschaltet sind. Der lastfreie Betrieb wird beispielsweise mittels eines geeigneten Sensors erkannt, und es werden der Taktbetrieb sowie optional die elektrische The inverter according to the invention for supplying an electrical machine in a vehicle should operate as low as possible, which leads to a corresponding energy and cost savings and represents a major contribution to the environment. Furthermore, the standard consumption of an electric vehicle having the inverter should be significantly improved. The invention provides that in a no-load operation, the clock mode and / or an electrical supply of the electronic components of the inverter responsible for the clock mode are switched off. The load-free operation is detected for example by means of a suitable sensor, and it will be the clock mode and optionally the electrical
Versorgung der Elektronikbauteile abgeschaltet. Supply of electronic components switched off.
Insbesondere wird der lastfreie Betrieb erkannt, wenn, insbesondere in einem ungestörten Fährbetrieb des Fahrzeugs, eine Drehmomentanforderung von Null Newtonmetern für eine mittels dem Inverter anzutreibende elektrische Maschine vorgegeben wird. Fährbetrieb bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang der normale Betrieb eines Fahrzeugs, welches ein Abfahren einer Strecke von einem Ort zu einem anderen umfasst, wobei während dieses Fährbetriebs auch Zeitabschnitte erfolgen, bei denen sich das Fahrzeug fortbewegt oder auch stillsteht, beispielsweise an Kreuzungen, an Ampeln oder im Stau. In den genannten Zeitabschnitten kann eine Drehmomentanforderung von Null vorgegeben sein in welchen entsprechend der lastfreie Betrieb erfolgt. Wenn eine In particular, the no-load operation is detected when, in particular in an undisturbed ferry operation of the vehicle, a torque requirement of zero Newton meters is specified for an electric machine to be driven by means of the inverter. Fährbetrieb means in this context, the normal operation of a vehicle, which includes a departure of a route from one place to another, during which Fährbetriebs also occur periods in which the vehicle is moving or even stationary, for example, at intersections, at traffic lights or Traffic jam. In the time periods mentioned, a torque request of zero can be specified in which the load-free operation takes place accordingly. When a
Drehmomentanfrage ungleich Null vorliegt, liegt ein Lastbetrieb vor. Torque request is not equal to zero, there is a load operation.
Insbesondere umfasst im Rahmen dieser Erfindung der Lastbetrieb und der lastfreie Betrieb nicht den Betrieb des Inverters bei einem Fehlerfall der In particular, in the context of this invention, the load operation and the no-load operation does not include the operation of the inverter in the event of an error
Antriebselektronik oder der elektrischen Maschine. Insbesondere ist der Drive electronics or electrical machine. In particular, the
Lastbetrieb und der lastfreie Betrieb gegenüber dem Betrieb des Inverters bei einem Fehlerfall der Antriebselektronik oder der elektrischen Maschine abgegrenzt. Insbesondere umfasst die Abschaltung des Taktbetriebes ein Unterbinden des Schaltens der Leistungsschalter des Inverters. Insbesondere wird bei Load operation and the load-free operation compared to the operation of the inverter in case of failure of the drive electronics or electrical machine delimited. In particular, the shutdown of the clocking operation includes inhibiting the switching of the power switches of the inverter. In particular, at
Abschaltung des Taktbetriebes ein Schaltzustand eines Leistungsschalters, also geöffnet oder geschlossen, für die Dauer des lastfreien Betriebes beibehalten. Shutdown of the clock mode a switching state of a circuit breaker, so open or closed, maintained for the duration of the no-load operation.
Insbesondere umfasst die Abschaltung der für den Taktbetrieb zuständigen Elektronikbauteile des Inverters, dass die Spannungsversorgung der Gatetreiber zur Ansteuerung der Leistungsschalter des Inverters unterbrochen wird. In particular, the switching off of the electronic components of the inverter which are responsible for the clock operation comprises interrupting the voltage supply of the gate drivers for controlling the power switches of the inverter.
Damit entfallen die Schaltverluste und optional die sogenannten Versorgungs- Verluste. Letztere sind Verluste, die zur Versorgung der Elektronik auftreten. Beispielsweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Vorgehen in einem This eliminates the switching losses and optionally the so-called supply losses. The latter are losses that occur to supply the electronics. For example, the inventive method in a
Anwendungsbeispiel im lastfreien Betrieb eine Grundlast von cirka 240 Watt einsparen. Wenn man von einem Stadtbetrieb eines bestimmten Fahrzeugs ausgeht, kann der Stillstandsanteil ca. 25 % betragen. Bei heute definierten 8000 h Fährbetrieb sind das ca. 2000 h. Damit entsteht bei dem Fahrzeug eine Gesamt-Verlustleistung von ca. 480 kWh, die zu großen Teilen in Wärme umgesetzt wird. Diese Gesamt- Verlustleistung entfällt erfindungsgemäß. Zudem verbessert sich der Normzyklus bei sogenannten Zertifizierungszyklen, wie dem NEDC. Application example in load-free operation save a base load of about 240 watts. If one assumes a city operation of a certain vehicle, the standstill portion can amount to approx. 25%. At today defined 8000 h ferry operation are the approximately 2000 h. This results in the vehicle a total power loss of 480 kWh, which is largely converted into heat. This total power loss is eliminated according to the invention. In addition, the standard cycle improves with so-called certification cycles, such as the NEDC.
Befindet sich der Inverter im lastfreien Betrieb, beispielsweise wenn die elektrische Maschine keine Maschinendrehzahl aufweist und/ oder kein The inverter is in no-load operation, for example, when the electric machine has no engine speed and / or no
Drehmoment angefordert wird, so wird auch keine entsprechende Torque is requested, so is no corresponding
Stromversorgung der genannten Inverterbauteile benötigt. In einem solchen Falle können die sogenannten EMV-Filter-Verluste, die sogenannten Busbarverluste, die sogenannten Leitverluste BM und die sogenannten Foko-Verluste entfallen. Zusätzlich zu dem Entfall dieser vorstehend genannten Verluste entfallen dann auch erfindungsgemäß im genannten lastfreien Betrieb weitere Verluste dadurch, dass der Taktbetrieb des Inverters und die Versorgung der für den Taktbetrieb zuständigen Elektronikbauteile des Inverters abgeschaltet sind. Insgesamt ergibt sich eine erhebliche Einsparung, die auch die Umwelt entlastet. Power supply of said inverter components needed. In such a case, the so-called EMC filter losses, the so-called busbar losses, the so-called conductive losses BM and the so-called Foko losses can be omitted. In addition to the elimination of these aforementioned losses then also according to the invention in said load-free operation further losses by the fact that the clock operation of the inverter and the supply of the responsible for the clock operation electronic components of the inverter are turned off. Overall, there is a considerable saving, which also relieves the environment.
Insbesondere ist bei der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Inverter in dem lastfreien Betrieb einen vorbestimmten Arbeitspunkt einnimmt. Insbesondere ist dieser vorbestimmte Arbeitspunkt ein Freilaufbetrieb der von dem Inverter zu versorgenden elektrischen Maschine. Gemäß der Erfindung stellt der Inverter in dem Arbeitspunkt, in dem kein Taktbetrieb notwendig ist, diesen ab In particular, it is provided in the invention that the inverter in the no-load operation occupies a predetermined operating point. In particular, this predetermined operating point is a freewheeling operation of the electric machine to be supplied by the inverter. According to the invention, the inverter, at the operating point where no clocking operation is necessary, turns it off
beispielsweise in dem erwähnten Freilauf oder einem aktiven Kurzschluss der elektrischen Maschine. for example, in the aforementioned freewheel or an active short circuit of the electric machine.
Die Figur gibt einen Überblick über die Verluste des Inverters. Darin bedeuten: F=Foko, G=Gelmar, E=EMV-Filter, B=Busbar, L= Leitverluste und The figure gives an overview of the losses of the inverter. In which: F = Foko, G = Gelmar, E = EMC filter, B = busbar, L = conduction losses and
S=Schaltverluste. S = switching losses.
Erfindungsgemäß kann eine elektrische Schaltung vorgesehen sein, die den vorstehend erwähnten Inverter und eine elektrische Maschine aufweist, beispielsweise so, wie sie bereits vorstehend erwähnt wurde. Der Inverter versorgt die elektrische Maschine. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um eine 3phasige elektrische Maschine, die über eine Brückenschaltung, zum Beispiel eine B6-Brücke, betrieben wird. Der Inverter wird mit einer gewünschten According to the invention, an electrical circuit may be provided which comprises the above-mentioned inverter and an electric machine, for example as already mentioned above. The inverter supplies the electrical machine. Preferably, it is a 3-phase electric machine, which is operated via a bridge circuit, for example a B6 bridge. The inverter comes with a desired
Schaltfrequenz, vorzugsweise mit 9 oder 10 kHz, betrieben. Switching frequency, preferably 9 or 10 kHz, operated.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Inverters oder einer elektrischen Schaltung, wobei der Inverter oder die elektrische Schaltung gemäß den vorstehenden Ausführungen ausgebildet ist und dementsprechend auch betrieben wird. The invention further relates to a method for operating an electrical inverter or an electrical circuit, wherein the inverter or the electrical circuit is formed according to the above embodiments and is operated accordingly.
Vorzugsweise wird der Inverter mit einer Inverter-Software betrieben. Dieser stehen insbesondere die Signalgrößen: Elektromaschinendrehzahl und Preferably, the inverter is operated with an inverter software. These are in particular the signal sizes: electric machine speed and
Drehmomentanforderung zur Verfügung. Wenn einer oder beide Werte den Wert 0 haben, erfolgt das erfindungsgemäße Vorgehen, nämlich die Abschaltung des Taktbetriebs und/ oder die Abschaltung der elektrischen Versorgung der für den Taktbetrieb zuständigen Elektronikbauteile des Inverters. Torque request available. If one or both values have the value 0, the procedure according to the invention is carried out, namely the switching off of the clock mode and / or the switching off of the electrical supply of the electronic components of the inverter responsible for the clock mode.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Elektrischer Inverter zur Versorgung einer elektrischen Maschine in einem Fahrzeug, der Elektronikbauteile aufweist und in einem Taktbetrieb eine Umwandlung von Gleichspannung in Wechselspannung vornimmt, wobei der Inverter in verschiedenen Arbeitsbereichen betrieben wird, die einen An electrical inverter for supplying an electrical machine in a vehicle having electronic components and in a clocking operation, a conversion of DC voltage into AC voltage, wherein the inverter is operated in different work areas, the one
Lastbetrieb und einen lastfreien Betrieb beinhalten, dadurch  Load operation and load-free operation include, thereby
gekennzeichnet, dass in dem lastfreien Betrieb der Taktbetrieb und/oder eine elektrische Versorgung der für den Taktbetrieb zuständigen  characterized in that in the no-load operation of the clock mode and / or an electrical supply of the responsible for the clock operation
Elektronikbauteile abgeschaltet sind.  Electronic components are switched off.
2. Elektrischer Inverter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem lastfreien Betrieb ein vorbestimmter Arbeitspunkt eingenommen wird. 2. Electrical inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that in the no-load operation, a predetermined operating point is taken.
3. Elektrischer Inverter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der vorbestimmte Arbeitspunkt ein Freilaufbetrieb einer von dem Inverter zu versorgenden elektrischen Maschine ist. 3. Electrical Inverter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined operating point is a freewheeling operation of an electric machine to be supplied by the inverter.
4. Elektrische Schaltung mit einem Inverter nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine elektrische Maschine, die von dem Inverter versorgt wird. 4. Electrical circuit with an inverter according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by an electrical machine which is supplied by the inverter.
5. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Inverters oder einer elektrischen Schaltung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 5. A method of operating an electrical inverter or an electrical circuit according to one or more of the preceding claims.
PCT/EP2018/082354 2018-01-24 2018-11-23 Electrical inverter, electrical circuit and method for operating the inverter or the circuit WO2019145067A1 (en)

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DE102018201069.2A DE102018201069A1 (en) 2018-01-24 2018-01-24 Electric inverter, electric circuit and method for operating the inverter or the circuit
DE102018201069.2 2018-01-24

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203722481U (en) * 2014-03-06 2014-07-16 中华人民共和国上海出入境检验检疫局 A capacity-adjustable energy-saving alternating current stabilized-voltage power supply
DE102014209887A1 (en) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method for switching an inverter of an electric drive of a motor vehicle and corresponding switchable inverter
EP3118078A1 (en) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-18 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Controlling apparatus for vehicle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203722481U (en) * 2014-03-06 2014-07-16 中华人民共和国上海出入境检验检疫局 A capacity-adjustable energy-saving alternating current stabilized-voltage power supply
DE102014209887A1 (en) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method for switching an inverter of an electric drive of a motor vehicle and corresponding switchable inverter
EP3118078A1 (en) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-18 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Controlling apparatus for vehicle

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