WO2019144735A1 - 空调系统及空调器 - Google Patents

空调系统及空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019144735A1
WO2019144735A1 PCT/CN2018/122412 CN2018122412W WO2019144735A1 WO 2019144735 A1 WO2019144735 A1 WO 2019144735A1 CN 2018122412 W CN2018122412 W CN 2018122412W WO 2019144735 A1 WO2019144735 A1 WO 2019144735A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conditioning system
air conditioner
control valve
air conditioning
outdoor unit
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2018/122412
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨公增
顾超
姜荣伟
王军
国德防
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2019144735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019144735A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/005—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/54—Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioners, and particularly provides an air conditioning system and an air conditioner.
  • Air conditioners are equipment that can cool/heat indoors. With the continuous development of the economy, air conditioners have become a popular life product for the general public. Especially in large commercial and residential offices, multi-connected air conditioners have become standard equipment. In the winter, air conditioners generally have poor heating effects. Especially in the northern regions, the effect of air conditioner heating cannot meet the needs of users for heating. Even in the case of lower temperatures, the air conditioning system may be faulty. The air conditioner is not working properly. At the same time, during the heating operation of the air conditioner in the winter, the outdoor unit needs to continuously perform the defrosting operation, thereby causing the air conditioner to fail to continuously heat, further reducing the heating effect of the air conditioner and reducing the user experience. How to improve the heating effect of air conditioners has become a very important topic.
  • the conventional method in order to improve the heating effect of the air conditioner, the conventional method is to configure an electric heater on the indoor unit, and when the outdoor air temperature becomes low, the electric heater is forcibly turned on to assist the heating, and the auxiliary heating method consumes.
  • a large amount of electrical energy is not conducive to the energy-saving operation of air conditioners.
  • the heating effect of the air conditioner can be improved by the two-stage compressor, but the cost of the two-stage compressor is high, and it is difficult to repair, which is inconvenient for long-term use of the air conditioner. That is to say, neither of the above two methods can properly improve the heating effect of the air conditioner.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioning system including an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, and a compressor.
  • the indoor unit, the outdoor unit and the compressor form a closed loop main circuit, and the air conditioning system further comprises a solar heating device connected in parallel with the outdoor unit, the solar heating device can assist the outdoor mechanism heat when the air conditioner is heating, and when the air conditioner is defrosted Replace the function of the outdoor unit.
  • the solar heating device includes an auxiliary heat branch in parallel with the outdoor unit and a solar heat exchange assembly disposed on the auxiliary heat branch.
  • the solar heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange coil disposed on the auxiliary heat branch and a phase change member disposed on the heat exchange coil, and the phase change member can flow through the heat exchange coil
  • the refrigerant is heat exchanged.
  • the solar heating apparatus further includes a concentrating assembly disposed on the solar heat exchange assembly, the concentrating assembly for collecting solar energy and providing a heat source for the solar heat exchange assembly.
  • the outdoor unit includes an air-cooled heat exchange device, and the solar heating device is connected in parallel with the air-cooled heat exchange device.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a first control valve, a second control valve, and a third control valve, the first control valve is disposed on the circulating main road, and the second control valve is disposed on the auxiliary heat branch road.
  • the first end of the third control valve is connected between the first control valve and the air-cooling heat exchange device, and the second end of the third control valve is respectively connected to the four-way valve of the indoor unit and the air conditioning system.
  • the air conditioner performs the cooling mode in a case where the four-way valve is in the first position, the first control valve is in the open state, the second control valve is in the closed state, and the third control valve is in the closed state. .
  • the air conditioner performs heating when the four-way valve is in the second position, the first control valve is in the open state, the second control valve is in the open state, and the third control valve is in the closed state. mode.
  • the air conditioner performs defrosting in a situation where the four-way valve is in the second position, the first control valve is in the closed state, the second control valve is in the open state, and the third control valve is in the open state. mode.
  • the present invention also provides an air conditioner comprising the above air conditioning system.
  • the solar heating device can assist the outdoor unit to perform heating when the air conditioner is heated, that is, fully utilize solar energy to assist the indoor heating, and existing
  • the air conditioning system of the present invention can perform heating compensation for the outdoor unit when the air conditioner is heating, and replace the function of the outdoor unit when the outdoor unit performs defrosting, that is, ensure the defrosting of the outdoor unit and the continuous operation of the indoor mechanism heat. It will not cause the air conditioner to be thermally interrupted due to the defrosting of the outdoor unit. That is to say, the air conditioning system of the present invention can sufficiently improve the heating effect of the air conditioner and make the air conditioner more energy-efficient, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the concentrating assembly can quickly concentrate the solar energy on the solar heat exchange component, so that the phase change component in the solar heat exchange component can quickly exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil, thereby realizing the air conditioner.
  • the auxiliary heating of the device improves the heating effect of the air conditioner, and the indoor unit of the air conditioner can still ensure the continuous heating of the air conditioner when the outdoor unit of the air conditioner performs defrosting, so that the heating operation of the air conditioner is not interrupted, further Improve the heating effect of the air conditioner.
  • the solar heating device and the outdoor unit can be arranged independently of each other in practical applications, thereby making the arrangement of the solar heating device and the outdoor unit more flexible, and making the pipeline
  • the connection is more convenient and the installation difficulty of the air conditioning system is reduced.
  • the air conditioner can be flexibly operated in the heating mode, the cooling mode, and the defrosting Switching between modes allows the air conditioner to meet the user's needs at any time, thereby further enhancing the user experience.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram 1 of the air conditioning system of the present invention in a heating mode
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram 2 of the air conditioning system of the present invention in a heating mode
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system of the present invention in a cooling mode
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system of the present invention in a defrosting mode.
  • the terms "setting”, “installing”, and “connecting” should be understood broadly, unless specifically defined and defined, for example, a fixed connection may be used. It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • a fixed connection may be used. It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the heating effect of the existing air conditioner according to the background art cannot be suitably improved.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioning system and an air conditioner, which are intended to substantially improve the heating effect of the air conditioner and make the air conditioner more Energy saving, which enhances the user experience.
  • the air conditioner of the present invention includes an air conditioning system including an indoor unit 1, an outdoor unit 2, and a compressor 3.
  • the indoor unit 1, the outdoor unit 2, and the compressor 3 form a closed loop main road.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a solar heating device in parallel with the outdoor unit 2, and the solar heating device can assist the outdoor unit 2 in heating when the air conditioner is heating, and replace the function of the outdoor unit 2 in the air conditioning defrosting.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be applied to a pure heating air conditioner, and can also be applied to an air conditioner having both heating and cooling (that is, the air conditioner can switch between the cooling mode and the heating mode through the four-way valve 9).
  • the indoor unit 1 may be one, or may include multiple indoor sub-machines (ie, multi-connected air conditioners), and those skilled in the art may flexibly set the structure of the indoor unit 1 in practical applications as long as the invention is
  • the technical solution can achieve continuous heating of the indoor unit 1.
  • the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking an air conditioner having both heating and cooling, and the air conditioner including a plurality of indoor sub-machines as an example.
  • the solar heating device comprises an auxiliary heat branch in parallel with the outdoor unit 2 and a solar heat exchange assembly 4 disposed on the auxiliary heat branch.
  • the solar heat exchange component 4 includes a heat exchange coil disposed on the auxiliary heat branch and a phase change member disposed on the heat exchange coil, and the phase change member can exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil.
  • the phase change member is made of a phase change material, and the solar energy is stored by the phase change member, and heat exchange is performed with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil during heating of the air conditioner, thereby realizing auxiliary heating of the air conditioner.
  • the above-mentioned solar heat exchange component 4 can also adopt other structures, such as a water circulation heat exchange component (that is, solar energy first transfers heat to water, and then heat exchanges with water and the like), and those skilled in the art can flexibly use in practical applications.
  • the specific structure of the solar heat exchange unit 4 is set as long as heat exchange with the refrigerant can be achieved by the solar heat exchange unit 4.
  • the solar heating device further comprises a concentrating assembly 5 disposed on the solar heat exchange assembly 4 for collecting solar energy and providing a heat source for the solar heat exchange assembly 4.
  • the solar energy can be quickly concentrated on the solar heat exchange assembly 4 by the concentrating assembly 5.
  • the concentrating assembly 5 can include a solar panel and a condensing mirror, and the solar energy is collected by the solar panel and the solar energy is quickly concentrated by the concentrating mirror.
  • the thermal assembly 4 can also adopt other structures, for example, a combination of a plurality of mirrors, and a person skilled in the art can flexibly set the specific structure of the concentrating assembly 5 in practical applications as long as the concentrating assembly 5 is passed through. It is possible to collect solar energy and provide a heat source for the solar heat exchange unit 4.
  • the outdoor unit 2 includes an air-cooling heat exchange device, and the solar heating device is connected in parallel with the air-cooling heat exchange device.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a first control valve 6, a second control valve 7, and a third control valve 8.
  • the first control valve 6 is disposed on the circulation main road
  • the second control valve 7 is disposed on the auxiliary heat branch road
  • the first end of the third control valve 8 is connected between the first control valve 6 and the air-cooling heat exchange device
  • the second ends of the three control valves 8 are connected to the indoor unit 1 and the four-way valve 9 of the air conditioning system, respectively.
  • the main electronic expansion valve 10 and the main accumulator are disposed on the main road of the circulation
  • the auxiliary electric expansion valve 11 and the auxiliary liquid storage device are also disposed on the auxiliary heat branch road
  • the compressor 3 also passes through the gas-liquid separator and the four-way valve. 9 connections.
  • the four-way valve 9 is in the second position (even if the air conditioner is heated), the first control valve 6 is in the open state, and the second control is The valve 7 is in the open state and the third control valve 8 is in the closed state, and the main electronic expansion valve 10 and the auxiliary electronic expansion valve 11 are both opened.
  • the solar heating device and the air-cooling heat exchange device are connected in parallel as indicated by the arrow in FIG. At the same time, it acts as an evaporator to heat, improve the evaporation pressure of the air conditioning system, and improve the heating effect of the air conditioner under low temperature conditions.
  • the four-way valve 9 is in the second position (even if the air conditioner is heating) Position), the first control valve 6 is in the open state, the second control valve 7 is in the closed state, and the third control valve 8 is in the closed state, the main electronic expansion valve 10 is opened and the auxiliary electronic expansion valve 11 is closed, at this time, according to FIG. 2
  • the air-cooled heat exchanger is separately heated as an evaporator.
  • the four-way valve 9 is in the first position (even if the air conditioner is cooled), the first control valve 6 is in the open state, the second control valve 7 is in the closed state, and The three control valve 8 is in the closed state, the main electronic expansion valve 10 is opened, and the auxiliary electronic expansion valve 11 is closed.
  • the air-cooling heat exchange device is separately cooled as a condenser.
  • the four-way valve 9 is in the second position (even if the air conditioner is heated), the first control valve 6 is in the closed state, and the second control valve 7 is in the open state. And the third control valve 8 is in an open state, and the main electronic expansion valve 10 and the auxiliary electronic expansion valve 11 are both opened. At this time, the surface of the air-cooling heat exchange device is frosted, affecting the heating effect of the air conditioner, and the air-cooling heat exchange device stops.
  • the high-temperature exhaust gas of the compressor 3 is bypassed to the air-cooling heat exchange device through the third control valve 8 for defrosting, and the indoor unit 1 is in the process of defrosting the air-cooled heat exchange device as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Continuous operation and continuous heating, so that the air conditioner simultaneously heats and defrosts, improves user comfort.
  • the third control valve 8 is closed, and the first control valve 6 is opened to make the wind The fan of the cold heat exchange device is restarted, and the air conditioner returns to the normal heating mode.

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Abstract

一种空调系统及空调器，属于空调器技术领域，旨在解决现有空调器的制热效果无法适宜地得到改进的问题。该空调系统包括室内机（1）、室外机（2）和压缩机（3），室内机（1）、室外机（2）和压缩机（3）形成闭环的循环主路，该空调系统还包括与室外机（2）并联的太阳能加热装置，太阳能加热装置能够在空调制热时辅助室外机（2）制热，以及在空调除霜时代替室外机（2）的功能。通过太阳能加热装置可以在空调器制热时辅助室外机（2）进行制热，即在空调器制热时对室外机（2）进行制热补偿，在空调器除霜时保证室外机（2）持续制热，不会使空调器由于室外机（2）除霜而导致室内机（1）制热间断，并且使空调器更加节能，提升用户体验。

Description

空调系统及空调器 技术领域
本发明属于空调器技术领域，具体提供一种空调系统及空调器。
背景技术
空调器是能够为室内制冷/制热的设备，随着经济的不断发展，空调器已经日趋成为大众普遍的生活产品，尤其在大型商住办公场所，多联式空调器已经成为标配。在冬季，空调器普遍存在制热效果不佳的问题，尤其在北方地区，空调器制热的效果无法满足用户取暖的需求，甚至在气温更低的情况下，空调系统有可能存在故障而导致空调器无法正常运行。与此同时，空调器在冬季制热运行的过程中，室外机还需要不断地进行除霜操作，从而导致空调器无法持续制热，进一步降低空调器的制热效果，降低用户体验，因此，如何改进空调器的制热效果已经成为一个非常重要的课题。
现有技术中，为提高空调器的制热效果，常规方式是在室内机上配置电加热器，当室外气温变低时强制开启电加热器来辅助制热，这种辅助制热的方式会耗费大量的电能，不利于空调器的节能运行。此外，还可以通过双级压缩机来提高空调器的制热效果，但是双级压缩机的成本较高，且不易维修，不便于空调器的长期使用。也就是说，上述的两种方式均无法适宜地改进空调器的制热效果。
因此，本领域需要一种空调系统及空调器来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有空调器的制热效果无法适宜地得到改进的问题，本发明提供了一种空调系统，该空调系统包括室内机、室外机和压缩机，室内机、室外机和压缩机形成闭环的循环主路，该空调系统还包括与室外机并联的太阳能加热装置， 太阳能加热装置能够在空调制热时辅助室外机制热，以及在空调除霜时代替室外机的功能。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，太阳能加热装置包括与室外机并联的辅热支路和设置在辅热支路上的太阳能换热组件。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，太阳能换热组件包括设置在辅热支路上的换热盘管和设置在换热盘管上的相变构件，相变构件能够与流经换热盘管的冷媒进行换热。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，太阳能加热装置还包括设置在太阳能换热组件上的聚光组件，聚光组件用于收集太阳能并为太阳能换热组件提供热源。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，室外机包括风冷换热装置，太阳能加热装置与风冷换热装置并联。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，空调系统还包括第一控制阀、第二控制阀和第三控制阀，第一控制阀设置在循环主路上，第二控制阀设置在辅热支路上，第三控制阀的第一端连接于第一控制阀和风冷换热装置之间，第三控制阀的第二端分别与室内机和空调系统的四通阀连接。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，在四通阀处于第一位置、第一控制阀处于开启状态、第二控制阀处于关闭状态并且第三控制阀处于关闭状态的情形下，空调执行制冷模式。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，在四通阀处于第二位置、第一控制阀处于开启状态、第二控制阀处于开启状态并且第三控制阀处于关闭状态的情形下，空调执行制热模式。
在上述空调系统的优选技术方案中，在四通阀处于第二位置、第一控制阀处于关闭状态、第二控制阀处于开启状态并且第三控制阀处于开启状态的情形下，空调执行除霜模式。
在另一方面，本发明还提供了一种空调器，该空调器包括上述的空调系统。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，在本发明的优选技术方案中，通过太阳能加热装置可以在空调器制热时辅助室外机进行制热，即充分利用太阳能对室内进行辅助制热，与现有技术相比，本发明的空调 系统能够在空调器制热时对室外机进行制热补偿，并且在室外机进行除霜时代替室外机的功能，即保证室外机除霜和室内机制热持续运行，不会使空调器由于室外机除霜而导致室内机制热间断。也就是说，通过本发明的空调系统能够充分地改进空调器的制热效果，并且使空调器更加节能，从而提升用户体验。
进一步地，通过聚光组件能够快速地将太阳能集中在太阳能换热组件上，从而使太阳能换热组件中的相变构件能够快速地与流经换热盘管的冷媒进行热交换，从而实现空调器的辅助制热，提高空调器的制热效果，并且在空调器的室外机进行除霜时仍然能够保证空调器的室内机持续制热，使空调器的制热运行不会间断，进一步地提高空调器的制热效果。
更进一步地，在保证太阳能加热装置和室外机并联的基础上，太阳能加热装置和室外机可以在实际应用中彼此独立地布置，从而使太阳能加热装置和室外机的布置更加灵活，使管路的连接更加方便，降低空调系统的安装难度。
又进一步地，通过四通阀的切换、第一控制阀的开闭、第二控制阀的开闭以及第三控制阀的开闭，可以使空调灵活地在制热模式、制冷模式和除霜模式之间切换，使空调器能够随时满足用户的使用需求，从而进一步地提升用户体验。
附图说明
图1是本发明的空调系统在制热模式下的原理图一；
图2是本发明的空调系统在制热模式下的原理图二；
图3是本发明的空调系统在制冷模式下的原理图；
图4是本发明的空调系统在除霜模式下的原理图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
基于背景技术指出的现有空调器的制热效果无法适宜地得到改进的问题，本发明提供了一种空调系统及空调器，旨在充分地改进空调器的制热效果，并且使空调器更加节能，从而提升用户体验。
如图1至4所示，本发明的空调器包括空调系统，该空调系统包括室内机1、室外机2和压缩机3，室内机1、室外机2和压缩机3形成闭环的循环主路，该空调系统还包括与室外机2并联的太阳能加热装置，太阳能加热装置能够在空调制热时辅助室外机2制热，以及在空调除霜时代替室外机2的功能。其中，本发明的技术方案可以应用于纯制热空调器，也可以应用于同时具备制热和制冷的空调器(即空调器能够通过四通阀9进行制冷模式和制热模式的切换)，本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置空调系统的结构，只要通过本发明的太阳能加热装置能够实现空调器的辅助制热即可。此外，室内机1可以为一台，也可以包括多台室内子机(即多联式空调器)，本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置室内机1的结构，只要通过本发明的技术方案能够实现室内机1的持续制热即可。下面以同时具备制热和制冷的空调器，并且空调器包括多个室内子机为例，详细地阐述本发明的技术方案。
优选地，太阳能加热装置包括与室外机2并联的辅热支路和设置在辅热支路上的太阳能换热组件4。其中，太阳能换热组件4包括设置在辅热支路上的换热盘管和设置在换热盘管上的相变构件，相变构件能够与流经换热盘管的冷媒进行换热。其中，相变构件由相变材料制成，通过相变构件可以将太阳能进行储能，在空调器制热时与流经换热盘管的冷媒进行热交换，从而实现空调器的辅助制热。此外，上述的太阳能换热组件4还可以采用其他结构，例如水循环换热组件(即太阳能先将 热量传输给水，再由水与冷媒进行热交换)等，本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置太阳能换热组件4的具体结构，只要通过太阳能换热组件4能够实现与冷媒进行热交换即可。
进一步优选地，太阳能加热装置还包括设置在太阳能换热组件4上的聚光组件5，聚光组件5用于收集太阳能并为太阳能换热组件4提供热源。通过聚光组件5可以快速地将太阳能集中在太阳能换热组件4上，具体地，聚光组件5可以包括太阳能板和聚光镜，通过太阳能板收集太阳能并通过聚光镜将太阳能快速地集中在在太阳能换热组件4上。当然，上述的聚光组件5还可以采用其他结构，例如由多个反射镜组合制成，本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置聚光组件5的具体结构，只要通过聚光组件5能够实现将太阳能收集并为太阳能换热组件4提供热源即可。
下面结合空调器的制热(包括开启太阳能辅助制热和关闭太阳能辅助制热)、制冷以及除霜来进一步阐述本发明的技术方案。如图1至4所示，室外机2包括风冷换热装置，太阳能加热装置与风冷换热装置并联，空调系统还包括第一控制阀6、第二控制阀7和第三控制阀8，第一控制阀6设置在循环主路上，第二控制阀7设置在辅热支路上，第三控制阀8的第一端连接于第一控制阀6和风冷换热装置之间，第三控制阀8的第二端分别与室内机1和空调系统的四通阀9连接。此外，循环主路上还设置有主电子膨胀阀10和主储液器，辅热支路上还设置有辅电子膨胀阀11和辅储液器，压缩机3还通过气液分离器与四通阀9连接。
实施例一
如图1所示，当空调器处于制热模式且开启太阳能辅热时，四通阀9处于第二位置(即使空调器制热的位置)、第一控制阀6处于开启状态、第二控制阀7处于开启状态并且第三控制阀8处于关闭状态，主电子膨胀阀10和辅电子膨胀阀11均开启，此时，按照图1的箭头所示，太阳能加热装置和风冷换热装置并联并同时作为蒸发器制热，提升空调系统的蒸发压力，改善低温工况下空调器的制热效果。
实施例二
如图2所示，当空调器处于制热模式且关闭太阳能辅热时(例如在阴雨天、阴雪天无阳光提供热源时)，四通阀9处于第二位置 (即使空调器制热的位置)、第一控制阀6处于开启状态、第二控制阀7处于关闭状态并且第三控制阀8处于关闭状态，主电子膨胀阀10开启并且辅电子膨胀阀11关闭，此时，按照图2的箭头所示，风冷换热装置单独作为蒸发器制热。
实施例三
如图3所示，当空调器处于制冷模式时，四通阀9处于第一位置(即使空调器制冷的位置)、第一控制阀6处于开启状态、第二控制阀7处于关闭状态并且第三控制阀8处于关闭状态，主电子膨胀阀10开启并且辅电子膨胀阀11关闭，此时，按照图3的箭头所示，风冷换热装置单独作为冷凝器制冷。
实施例四
如图4所示，当空调器处于除霜模式时，四通阀9处于第二位置(即使空调器制热的位置)、第一控制阀6处于关闭状态、第二控制阀7处于开启状态并且第三控制阀8处于开启状态，主电子膨胀阀10和辅电子膨胀阀11均开启，此时，风冷换热装置表面结霜，影响空调器的制热效果，风冷换热装置停止运行，压缩机3的高温排气通过第三控制阀8旁通至风冷换热装置进行除霜，按照图4的箭头所示，在风冷换热装置除霜的过程中，室内机1持续运行并持续制热，使空调器同时制热和除霜，提升用户的舒适度，当风冷换热装置除霜完毕之后，第三控制阀8关闭，第一控制阀6开启，使风冷换热装置的风机重新启动，空调器恢复正常的制热模式。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空调系统，包括室内机、室外机和压缩机，所述室内机、所述室外机和所述压缩机形成闭环的循环主路，
    其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括与所述室外机并联的太阳能加热装置，所述太阳能加热装置能够在空调制热时辅助所述室外机制热，以及在空调除霜时代替所述室外机的功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述太阳能加热装置包括与所述室外机并联的辅热支路和设置在所述辅热支路上的太阳能换热组件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述太阳能换热组件包括设置在所述辅热支路上的换热盘管和设置在所述换热盘管上的相变构件，所述相变构件能够与流经所述换热盘管的冷媒进行换热。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述太阳能加热装置还包括设置在所述太阳能换热组件上的聚光组件，所述聚光组件用于收集太阳能并为所述太阳能换热组件提供热源。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述室外机包括风冷换热装置，所述太阳能加热装置与所述风冷换热装置并联。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括第一控制阀、第二控制阀和第三控制阀，所述第一控制阀设置在所述循环主路上，所述第二控制阀设置在所述辅热支路上，所述第三控制阀的第一端连接于所述第一控制阀和所述风冷换热装置之间，所述第三控制阀的第二端分别与所述室内机和所述空调系统的四通阀连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的空调系统，其特征在于，在所述四通阀处 于第一位置、所述第一控制阀处于开启状态、所述第二控制阀处于关闭状态并且所述第三控制阀处于关闭状态的情形下，空调执行制冷模式。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的空调系统，其特征在于，在所述四通阀处于第二位置、所述第一控制阀处于开启状态、所述第二控制阀处于开启状态并且所述第三控制阀处于关闭状态的情形下，空调执行制热模式。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的空调系统，其特征在于，在所述四通阀处于第二位置、所述第一控制阀处于关闭状态、所述第二控制阀处于开启状态并且所述第三控制阀处于开启状态的情形下，空调执行除霜模式。
  10. 一种空调器，其特征在于，所述空调器包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的空调系统。
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