WO2019140907A1 - 一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置 - Google Patents

一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019140907A1
WO2019140907A1 PCT/CN2018/102274 CN2018102274W WO2019140907A1 WO 2019140907 A1 WO2019140907 A1 WO 2019140907A1 CN 2018102274 W CN2018102274 W CN 2018102274W WO 2019140907 A1 WO2019140907 A1 WO 2019140907A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
vibrating body
vibration
drill bit
outer ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/102274
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖华林
易灿
牛继磊
管志川
周忠海
史玉才
刘永旺
Original Assignee
中国石油大学(华东)
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Publication date
Application filed by 中国石油大学(华东) filed Critical 中国石油大学(华东)
Publication of WO2019140907A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019140907A1/zh
Priority to US16/804,779 priority Critical patent/US10927607B2/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/006—Mechanical motion converting means, e.g. reduction gearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B31/00—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
    • E21B31/005—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells using vibrating or oscillating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling speed increasing device for driving impact vibration by a downhole motor for accelerating drilling speed in oil drilling engineering.
  • the present invention provides a drilling speed increasing device that generates a shock vibration by a downhole motor drive.
  • a drilling speed increasing device for driving a shock vibration by a downhole motor comprising a main shaft, a torque transmission sleeve, a drill bit short section, an upper casing, an intermediate casing and a lower casing, wherein an upper end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a rotor of the motor, The lower end of the main shaft is connected to the upper end of the short section of the drill bit through a torque transmission sleeve, and the lower end of the short section of the drill bit is connected to the drill bit, and the upper end of the upper casing is fixedly connected with the stator of the motor, and the upper casing and the intermediate casing and the lower casing a fixed connection; an energy conversion mechanism capable of converting axial rotational energy of the motor into axial vibration shock energy is provided between the drill bit short section and the lower casing, the energy conversion mechanism comprising an impact seat, a spring and a vibrating body, The vibrating body is disposed at the bottom of the impact seat, and a spring space is formed between the impact seat
  • the vibrating body is fixedly connected with the impact seat, and the lower vibrating body is fixedly connected with the short section of the drill bit, and the curved surface rails are arranged on the upper vibrating body and the lower vibrating body, and the rolling is placed in the curved track.
  • the ball when the shaft is rotated with, the startup vibration exciter generates a periodic displacement thereof in the axial oscillation start current, thereby bringing the spring to generate periodic compression and release, the drill produce periodic axial vibration.
  • a lower TC bearing outer ring is disposed on the drill bit short section, a lower lock nut is disposed at a top end of the lower TC bearing outer ring, and a lower TC bearing outer ring positioning sleeve is disposed at a bottom end of the lower TC bearing outer ring, in the lower case
  • the inner ring of the lower TC bearing is arranged on the body, and the outer ring of the lower TC bearing is in close contact with the inner ring of the lower TC bearing; the outer ring of the upper TC bearing is arranged on the main shaft, and the upper locking nut is arranged at the top of the outer ring of the upper TC bearing.
  • a thrust bearing set is arranged at the bottom end of the outer ring of the upper TC bearing, and an upper inner ring of the TC bearing is arranged on the upper casing, and the outer ring of the upper TC bearing is in close contact with the inner ring of the upper TC bearing.
  • a first protrusion is disposed at a top end of the upper vibrating body, a first groove coupled to the first protrusion is disposed at a bottom end of the impact seat, and a second protrusion is disposed at a bottom end of the lower vibrating body A second recess that is mated to the second projection is disposed at a top end of the lower lock nut.
  • a spacer for adjusting the spring preload is provided at the bottom of the spring space.
  • the invention can rationally design the energy conversion mechanism and the like, and can convert part of the rotational energy of the main shaft into a drilling pressure to generate a periodic mild axial vibration shock, thereby increasing the drilling pressure during the drilling process, and significantly improving the drilling pressure during the drilling process.
  • the loss in turn, increases drilling speed, extends tool life, reduces stick-slip and stuck during drilling, and increases the depth that can be achieved with horizontal, branch, and coiled tubing/cross-pipe drilling.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows the regular polyhedral structure of the impact seat of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the upper vibrating body in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the lower vibrating body in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a curved track provided on the lower vibrating body, mainly showing the crests and troughs of the curved track.
  • the invention utilizes the axial rotation of the drilling motor to generate a high frequency and low amplitude axial vibration shock, and changes the conventional drilling or other operation by applying a weight-on-bit by the weight of the lower drill collar.
  • the device is powered by the rotation energy of the screw motor (the same applies to the turbine motor), and drives the lower vibrating body to rotate. Since the upper vibrating body cooperates with the lower casing, it can only move back and forth in the axial direction, and cannot follow the vibrating body. Turn. Therefore, the upper vibrating body and the lower vibrating body are relatively rotated.
  • the vibrating steel ball acts to reduce the friction inside. When the upper vibrating body reciprocates in the axial direction, the spring that cooperates with it is periodically compressed to generate spring energy.
  • the spring can react on the lower starting body and the main shaft of the connecting bit and the short section of the drill bit, thereby periodically providing the drilling pressure to the drill bit.
  • the periodic motion of the upper vibrating body and the spring produces periodic axial vibrations to the tool.
  • the invention can increase the drilling pressure during the working process, reduce the stick slip and the stuck drill during the drilling process, increase the mechanical drilling speed, prolong the service life of the drill bit, and further increase the horizontal well, the branch well, the coiled tubing/the tubing drilling station. The depth that can be achieved.
  • a downhole motor drives a drilling speed increasing device that generates an impact vibration, including a main shaft 1, a torque transmitting sleeve 9, a drill bit stub 10, an upper casing 3, an intermediate casing 7, and a lower casing 11.
  • the upper end of the main shaft 1 is fixedly coupled to the rotor of the motor, and the lower end of the main shaft 1 is drivingly coupled to the upper end of the drill bit stub 10 via a torque transmitting sleeve 9, and the lower end of the drill bit stub 10 is connected to the drill bit.
  • the upper end of the upper casing 3 is fixedly coupled to the stator of the motor, the bottom of the upper casing 3 is connected to the top of the intermediate casing 7, and the bottom of the intermediate casing 7 is connected to the top of the lower casing 11.
  • An energy conversion mechanism capable of converting axial rotational energy of the motor into axial vibration shock energy is provided between the drill bit stub 10 and the lower casing 11, the energy conversion mechanism including the impact seat 14, the spring 12, and the vibrating body
  • the vibrating body is disposed at the bottom of the impact seat 14, and a spring space is formed between the impact seat 14 and the lower casing 11, and the spring 12 is installed in the spring space.
  • the vibrating body comprises an upper vibrating body 15 and a lower vibrating body 17, the upper vibrating body 15 is fixedly connected with the impact seat 14, and the lower vibrating body 17 is fixedly connected with the drill sub-segment 10, and the upper vibrating body 15 is
  • the lower vibrating body 17 is provided with a curved track which cooperates with each other, and a rolling steel ball 16 is placed in the curved track.
  • the upper vibrating body 15 When the lower vibrating body 17 rotates with the main shaft 1, the upper vibrating body 15 generates a periodic displacement change in the axial direction, thereby driving the spring 12 to generate periodic compression and release, so that the drill bit generates periodic axial vibration.
  • the drilling speed-increasing device of the invention mainly utilizes the rotation of the rotor of the drilling motor as power to convert part of the rotational energy into the drilling pressure, and generates a periodic mild axial vibration shock, and the rotation of the lower vibration body is driven by the connection of the rotor and the main shaft, and then After the vibrating body and the housing generate relative force to generate a spring force, a periodic axial vibration shock is generated on the lower vibrating body. Continuously varying drilling pressure is created by the bit feed to the bit.
  • a lower TC bearing outer ring 19 is provided on the drill bit stub 10
  • a lower lock nut 18 is provided at the top end of the lower TC bearing outer ring 19
  • a lower TC is provided at the bottom end of the lower TC bearing outer ring.
  • the bearing outer ring positioning sleeve 21 is provided with a lower TC bearing inner ring 20 on the lower casing 11, and the lower TC bearing outer ring 19 is in close contact with the lower TC bearing inner ring 20.
  • the lower lock nut 18 is secured to the bit stub by a threaded connection, the lower TC bearing outer ring 19 is secured by a lower lock nut 18, and the lower TC bearing inner ring 20 is threadedly coupled to the lower housing.
  • An upper TC bearing outer ring 5 is disposed on the main shaft 1
  • an upper lock nut 2 is disposed at a top end of the upper TC bearing outer ring 5
  • a thrust bearing group 6 is disposed at a bottom end of the upper TC bearing outer ring 5 at the upper case.
  • the upper TC bearing inner ring 4 is disposed on the body 3, and the upper TC bearing outer ring 5 is in close contact with the upper TC bearing inner ring 4.
  • the upper lock nut 2 is fixed to the main shaft 1 by means of a screw connection, and the upper TC bearing outer ring 5 is fixed by the upper lock nut 2.
  • the upper lock nut 2 can not only fasten the outer ring 5 of the TC bearing, but also prevent the fish from falling in the well after an accident in the tool.
  • the upper TC bearing inner ring 4 is screwed to the upper housing 3.
  • a first protrusion is disposed at a top end of the upper vibrating body 15, and a first groove is formed at a bottom end of the impact seat 14 with a first protrusion.
  • a second protrusion is disposed at a bottom end of the lower starter body 17, and a second groove is formed at a top end of the lower lock nut 18 to be coupled with the second protrusion.
  • a spacer 13 for adjusting the spring preload is provided at the bottom of the spring space.
  • the adjustment of the spring preload force is changed by the preload force adjustment pad.
  • the magnitude of the vibration force depends on the spring preload force, so the vibration force can be adjusted by adjusting the spring preload.
  • the magnitude of the periodic axial impact force also depends on the arrangement of the springs in the spring space.
  • the magnitude of the vibration amplitude depends on the distance between the peaks and valleys of the regular curved track on the upper and lower vibrating bodies.
  • the bottom surface of the upper vibrating body can also be set as a plane track, and the top surface of the lower vibrating body is arranged to match the regular curved track, as shown in Figure 3-5.
  • the impact seat 14 can adopt a method in which the positive multi-faceted outer cylindrical surface cooperates with the positive multi-faceted inner cavity of the lower casing 11 as shown in FIG. 2, so that the impact seat 14 can not be rotated in the axial direction and can only perform axial vibration.
  • the main shaft 1 can also be coupled to the positive polyhedral cavity of the shoulder sleeve 8 to transmit torque using a regular polyhedral shoulder.
  • the shoulder sleeve 8 cooperates with the shoulder of the main shaft 1 to prevent the drill bit short section 10 and the main shaft 1 from coming off after the lower TC bearing and the lower casing 11 are detached, thereby preventing the fish from falling in the well.
  • the impact seat 14 and the upper vibrating body 15 are movable in the axial direction of the main shaft 1, but cannot rotate with the main shaft 1.
  • the shoulder cover 8 can be moved downward by the weight of the drill bit 10 and the components mounted thereon.
  • the preloading force of the spring 12 during the lowering of the tool is reduced, and the spring acts as a buffer when the drill bit hits the well wall and prevents the tool from malfunctioning and protects the drill bit.
  • the threaded connection type of the torque transmitting sleeve 9 and the drill bit 10 is a reverse threaded connection.
  • the thrust ball bearing group is disposed to reduce wear when the outer casing mechanism and the main shaft mechanism rotate relative to each other.
  • a TC bearing mechanism may be provided at a main portion of the tool.
  • the tool is used to cool the tool during the operation of the tool.
  • the installation sequence of the drilling speed increasing device of the present invention is as follows:
  • the lower TC bearing outer ring positioning sleeve 21, the lower TC bearing outer ring 19, the lower TC bearing inner ring 20 and the lower lock nut 18 are sequentially loaded into the drill bit 10 and the threaded portion of the lower lock nut 18 is placed.
  • the lower TC bearing outer ring positioning sleeve 21 and the lower TC bearing outer ring 19 are fixed to the drill bit stub 10 in cooperation with the threaded portion of the drill bit.
  • the lower end projection of the lower starting body 17 is engaged with the top end groove of the lower lock nut 18, and the vibrating body ball 16 is loaded into the curved groove of the lower starting body 17, and then the upper vibrating body 15 is assembled to the drill bit.
  • the bottom surface of the short section and the upper vibrating body 15 is engaged with the vibrating body ball 16.
  • the position of the groove of the impact seat 14 is matched with the convex key of the upper vibrating body 15, and the pre-loading pad and the spring 12 are once fitted into the cylindrical surface of the impact seat 14, and the lower casing 11 is shorted with the drill bit as shown.
  • the lower TC bearing outer ring 19 is threadedly engaged with the lower housing 11.
  • the shoulder sleeve 8 is mounted on the main shaft 1, so that the threaded portion of the shoulder sleeve 8 is close to the lower end of the main shaft 1, so that the positive multi-faceted cavity of the shoulder sleeve 8 is engaged with the regular polyhedral shoulder of the main shaft.
  • the shoulder sleeve 8 is threadedly engaged with the torque transmitting sleeve 9, and the other end of the torque transmitting sleeve 9 is threadedly coupled to the drill bit.
  • the intermediate casing 7, the thrust ball bearing set 6, the upper TC bearing outer ring 5 and the upper TC bearing inner ring 4 are once loaded into the main shaft 1 and the intermediate casing 7 and the lower casing 11 are fastened.
  • the upper casing 3 cooperates with the upper TC bearing inner ring 4 and is screwed with the upper end of the intermediate casing 7, and finally the upper lock nut 2 is engaged with the threaded portion of the main shaft 1 to fix the upper TC bearing outer ring 5.
  • the construction and use method of the drilling speed increasing device of the present invention (taking a screw drilling tool as an example) is as follows:
  • the upper end thread portion of the upper casing 3 of the present invention is screwed to the stator of the screw motor, and the upper end thread portion of the main shaft 1 of the present invention is fitted and fastened to the rotor of the screw motor.
  • the shoulder sleeve 8 is matched with the shoulder end surface of the main shaft 1 by the shoulder end surface, and the short section of the drill bit and the parts mounted on the short section of the drill bit are moved downward from the working position, so that the spring space is increased in the spring. A small amount of compressed or natural state. Even if the drill bit touches the well wall during the lowering process, the spring will play a certain buffering effect on the drill bit, and will not cause vibration to damage the drill bit by touching the well wall.
  • the lower end surface of the main shaft 1 cooperates with the inner cavity end surface of the torque transmission sleeve 9, and the drilling pressure is transmitted to the drill bit short section.
  • the spindle 1 and the drill stub have the same rotational speed as the screw motor and transmit torque to the torque transmitting sleeve 9 via the regular polyhedral shoulder, which transmits the torque to the drill bit 10 .
  • the short section of the drill bit will drive the lower lock nut 18 and the lower starter body 17 to rotate together. Since the curved surface of the upper and lower vibrating body and the vibrating body steel ball are irregular curves, the lower vibrating body 17 is caused.
  • the convex surface and the convex surface or the convex surface cooperate with the concave surface to change the relative position of the upper vibrating body 15 and the lower vibrating body 17, thereby driving the spring 12 to generate periodic compression and release, causing periodic vibration of the tool, and the cycle
  • the spring force generated by the force is transmitted to the drill bit, so that the drill bit not only bears the fixed drilling pressure during the drilling process, but also periodically impacts the drilling pressure, thereby improving the drilling speed and protecting the drill bit.
  • the periodic axial vibration generated by the tool not only facilitates the drill bit drilling speed and protects the drill bit, but also avoids the friction between the drill pipe and the well wall to reduce the wear resistance and improve the quality of the well wall.

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Abstract

一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，该装置是以螺杆马达旋转能为动力，带动下启振体（17）旋转，上启振体（15）与下启振体（17）产生相对转动，启振钢球（16）在内部起减小摩擦力作用；上启振体（17）在轴向往复运动时使与之配合的弹簧（12）产生周期性压缩，产生弹簧能，弹簧能反作用在下启振体（17）与连接钻头的主轴（1）上，从而周期性的给钻头提供钻压，上启振体（15）和弹簧（12）周期性的运动对工具产生周期性的轴向振动。

Description

一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置 技术领域
本发明涉及在石油钻井工程中用于加快钻井速度的一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置。
背景技术
在钻井过程中，破岩方式是影响钻速的重要因素，井下遇阻或卡钻将严重影响钻井过程。随着勘探开发的不断深入，大位移水平井、复杂井增多，如何降低摩阻、减少常规钻井卡钻事故，增加动钻压、提高常规钻井的效率，成为钻井过程中亟需被解决的难题。
目前在石油钻井中，钻头需要的钻压是由钻头上部的钻铤重量提供的，这种传统的刚性加压方式存在许多不可避免的弊端，如送钻不均匀、跳钻钻具弯曲、假钻压等等，这些弊端都严重影响着机械钻速、钻头及钻具的寿命，特别是水平井钻进时钻压传递困难，导致钻头破岩效率低，影响钻井速度。
发明内容
基于上述技术问题，本发明提供一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置。
本发明所采用的技术解决方案是：
一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，包括主轴、扭矩传递套筒、钻头短节、上壳体、中间壳体和下壳体，所述主轴的上端与马达的转子固定连接，主轴的下端通过扭矩传递套筒与钻头短节的上端传动连接，钻头短节的下端连接钻头，所述上壳体的上端与马达的定子固定连接，上壳体与中间壳体和下壳体固定连接；在钻头短节和下壳体之间设置有能够将马达的轴向旋转能转换成轴向振动冲击能的能量转换机构，所述能量转换机构包括冲击座、弹簧和启振体，启振体设置在冲击座的底部，在冲击座与下壳体之间形成有弹簧空间，所述弹簧安装在弹簧空间内，所述启振体包括上启振体和下启振体，上启振体与冲击座固定连接，下启振体与钻头短节固定连接，在上启振体和下启振体上设置有相互配合的曲面轨道，在曲面轨道内放置有滚动钢球，当下启振体随主轴转动时，上启振体在轴向产生周期性的位移变化，进而带动弹簧产生周期性的压缩与释放，使钻头产生周期性的轴向振动。
优选的，在钻头短节上设置有下TC轴承外圈，在下TC轴承外圈的顶端设置有下锁紧螺母，在下TC轴承外圈的底端设置有下TC轴承外圈定位套，在下壳体上设置有下TC轴承内圈，下TC轴承外圈与下TC轴承内圈紧密接触；在主轴上设置有上TC轴承外圈，在上TC轴承外圈的顶端设置有上锁紧螺母，在上TC轴承外圈的底端设置有推力轴承组，在上壳体上设置有上TC轴承内圈，上TC轴承外圈与上TC轴承内圈紧密接触。
优选的，在上启振体的顶端设置有第一凸起，在冲击座的底端设置有与第一凸起配合连接的第一凹槽；在下启振体的底端设置有第二凸起，在下锁紧螺母的顶端设置有与第二凸起配合连接的第二凹槽。
优选的，在弹簧空间的底部设置有用于调整弹簧预紧力的垫片。
本发明的有益技术效果是：
本发明通过能量转换机构等的合理设计，可把主轴的部分转动能转化为钻压产生周期性温和的轴向振动冲击，从而在钻进过程中增加钻压，显著改善钻压在钻进过程中的损失，进而提高钻井速度、延长钻具使用寿命、降低钻进过程中的粘滑和卡钻，并且增加水平井、分支井、连续油管/过油管钻进所能达到的深度。
附图说明
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明的结构原理示意图；
图2示出本发明中冲击座的正多面体结构；
图3示出本发明中上启振体的结构原理示意图；
图4示出本发明中下启振体的结构原理示意图；
图5示出下启振体上所设置曲面轨道的截面图，主要示出曲面轨道的波峰与波谷。
图中：1-主轴，2-上锁紧螺母，3-上壳体，4-上TC轴承内圈，5-上TC轴承外圈，6-推力轴承组，7-中间壳体，8-台肩套，9-扭矩传递套筒，10-钻头短节，11-下壳体，12-弹簧，13-垫片，14-冲击座，15-上启振体，16-滚动钢球，17-下启振体，18-下锁紧螺母，19-下TC轴承外圈，20-下TC轴承内圈，21-下TC轴承外圈定位套。
具体实施方式
本发明利用钻井马达的轴向旋转能产生高频低幅的轴向振动冲击，改变了常规钻井或其他作业是靠下部钻铤的重量施加钻压的方法。该装置是以螺杆马达(涡轮马达同样适用)旋转能为动力，带动下启振体旋转，由于上启振体与下壳体配合只能在轴向方向上来回运动，不能随下启振体转动。所以上启振体与下启振体产生相对转动。启振钢球在内部起减小摩擦力作用。上启振体在轴向往复运动时使与之配合的弹簧产生周期性压缩，产生弹簧能。弹簧能反作用在下启振体与连接钻头的主轴及钻头短节上，从而周期性的给钻头提供钻压。上启振体和弹簧周期性的运动对工具产生周期性的轴向振动。本发明在工作过程中可以增加钻压，降低钻进过程中的粘滑和卡钻，增加机械钻速，延长钻头使用寿命，进而可以增加水平井、分支井、连续油管/过油管钻进所能达到的深度。
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
结合附图，一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，包括主轴1、扭矩传递套筒9、钻头短节10、上壳体3、中间壳体7和下壳体11。所述主轴1的上端与马达的转子固定连接，主轴1的下端通过扭矩传递套筒9与钻头短节10的上端传动连接，钻头短节10的下端连接钻头。所述上壳体3的上端与马达的定子固定连接，上壳体3的底部与中间壳体7的顶部连接，中间壳体7的底部和下壳体11的顶部连接。在钻头短节10和下壳体11之间设置有能够将马达的轴向旋转能转换成轴向振动冲击能的能量转换机构，所述能量转换机构包括冲击座14、弹簧12和启振体，启振体设置在冲击座14的底部，在冲击座14与下壳体11之间形成有弹簧空间，所述弹簧12安装在弹簧空间内。所述启振体包括上启振体15和下启振体17，上启振体15与冲击座14固定连接，下启振体17与钻头短节10固定连接，在上启振体15和下启振体17上设置有相互配合的曲面轨道，在曲面轨道内放置有滚动钢球16。当下启振体17随主轴1转动时，上启振体15在轴向产生周期性的位移变化，进而带动弹簧12产生周期性的压缩与释放，使钻头产生周期性的轴向振动。
本发明钻井提速装置主要是利用钻井马达转子转动为动力把部分转动能转化为钻压，产生周期性温和的轴向振动冲击，利用转子与主轴连接后带动下启振体转动，进而与上启振体和壳体产生相对运动产生弹簧力后，作用在下启振体上产生周期性的轴向振动冲击。通过钻头短节传递给钻头形成连续周期性变化的钻压。
作为对本发明的进一步设计，在钻头短节10上设置有下TC轴承外圈19，在下TC轴承外圈19的顶端设置有下锁紧螺母18，在下TC轴承外圈的底端设置有下TC轴承外圈定位套21，在下壳体11上设置有下TC轴承内圈20，下TC轴承外圈19与下TC轴承内圈20紧密接触。下锁紧螺母18依靠螺纹连接固定在钻头短节上，下TC轴承外圈19依靠下锁紧螺母18紧固，下TC轴承内圈20与下壳体为螺纹连接。通过下TC轴承内圈20和下TC轴承外圈19的紧密接触，可防止工具失效后钻头短节落入井底。在主轴1上设置有上TC轴承外圈5，在上TC轴承外圈5的顶端设置有上锁紧螺母2，在上TC轴承外圈5的底端设置有推力轴承组6，在上壳体3上设置有上TC轴承内圈4，上TC轴承外圈5与上TC轴承内圈4紧密接触。上锁紧螺母2依靠螺纹连接固定在主轴1上，上TC轴承外圈5依靠上锁紧螺母2对其进行固定。上锁紧螺母2不仅可以紧固上TC轴承外圈5，还能防止工具出现事故后井内落鱼。上TC轴承内圈4与上壳体3通过螺纹连接。
进一步的，在上启振体15的顶端设置有第一凸起，在冲击座14的底端设置有与第一凸起配合键连接的第一凹槽。在下启振体17的底端设置有第二凸起，在下锁紧螺母18的顶端设置有与第二凸起配合键连接的第二凹槽。
更进一步的，在弹簧空间的底部设置有用于调整弹簧预紧力的垫片13。弹簧预紧力的调 节依靠预紧力调整垫片进行更改。振动力的大小取决于弹簧预紧力大小，因此通过调整弹簧预紧力即可调整振动力。同时，周期性轴向冲击力的大小还取决于弹簧空间中弹簧的排布方式。
上述钻井提速装置中，振动幅度的大小取决于上启振体、下启振体上规律曲面轨道的波峰波谷之间的距离。具体设计时，上启振体的底面也可设置成平面轨道，下启振体的顶面设置成相配合的规律曲面轨道，如图3-5所示。启振机构在正常工作时，上、下启振体产生周期性的位移变化，使工具产生周期性的轴向震动。
上述钻井提速装置中，冲击座14可采用正多面体外柱面与下壳体11正多面体内腔配合的方式，如图2所示，以实现冲击座14轴向不能转动只能做轴向振动。同样，主轴1也可采用正多面体台肩与台肩套8的正多面体内腔配合传递扭矩。台肩套8与主轴1的台肩配合，可防止下TC轴承与下壳体11脱落后钻头短节10和主轴1脱离，防止井中产生落鱼。
上述钻井提速装置中，冲击座14和上启振体15可沿主轴1的轴向运动，但不能随主轴1转动。
工具在下放过程中，台肩套8可以依靠钻头短节10及其上安装零部件的自重向下移动。减小弹簧12在工具下放过程中的预紧力，钻头在碰到井壁时弹簧起到缓冲作用并避免工具误动作，保护钻头。
上述钻井提速装置中，扭矩传递套筒9与钻头短节10的螺纹连接类型为反螺纹连接。
上述钻井提速装置中，推力球轴承组的设置可减小外壳机构与主轴机构相对转动时的磨损，当然为了进一步减小磨损，还可在工具的主要部位设置有TC轴承机构。
上述钻井提速装置中，工具运转过程中依靠泥浆来冷却工具。
下面对本发明钻井提速装置的安装顺序及施工使用方法进行说明。
本发明钻井提速装置的安装顺序如下：
首先将下TC轴承外圈定位套21、下TC轴承外圈19、下TC轴承内圈20及下锁紧螺母18依次装入钻头短节10上，并使下锁紧螺母18上的螺纹部位与钻头短节的螺纹部位配合，从而将下TC轴承外圈定位套21与下TC轴承外圈19固定在钻头短节10上。将下启振体17的下端凸起与下锁紧螺母18顶端凹槽配合，在下启振体17的曲面凹槽内装入启振体钢球16，随后将上启振体15装配到钻头短节上并且上启振体15的底面凹槽与启振体钢球16配合。冲击座14凹槽位置与上启振体15凸起键配合，将预紧力垫片及弹簧12一次装入冲击座14的圆柱面处，将下壳体11如图所示与钻头短节配合，下TC轴承外圈19与下壳体11螺纹配合。主轴1上将台肩套8装入，使台肩套8的螺纹部位靠近主轴1下端，使台肩套8的正多面体内腔与主轴的正多面体台肩配合。台肩套8与扭矩传递套筒9螺纹配合，扭矩传递套筒9另 一端与钻头短节螺纹连接。然后将中间壳体7、推力球轴承组6、上TC轴承外圈5与上TC轴承内圈4一次装入主轴1，并将中间壳体7与下壳体11紧固配合。上壳体3与上TC轴承内圈4配合，并与中间壳体7上端螺纹配合紧固，最后将上锁紧螺母2与主轴1螺纹部位配合，将上TC轴承外圈5固定。
本发明钻井提速装置的施工使用方法(以螺杆钻具为例)如下：
将本发明的上壳体3上端螺纹部位与螺杆马达的定子螺纹紧固，将本发明的主轴1上端螺纹部位与螺杆马达的转子配合紧固。当工具下放过程中台肩套8依靠台肩端面与主轴1的台肩端面配合，钻头短节及安装在钻头短节上的零件均脱离工作位置处向下移动，使弹簧空间增加弹簧处于很小量的压缩状态或自然状态。即使下放过程中如果钻头碰触到井壁，弹簧会对钻头起到一定的缓冲作用，不会因为碰触井壁而产生振动损坏钻头。入井后螺杆马达开始工作时，主轴1下端面与扭矩传递套筒9的内腔端面配合，将钻压传递给钻头短节。主轴1及钻头短节与螺杆马达具有相同的转速，并将扭矩依靠正多面体台肩传递给扭矩传递套筒9，扭矩传递套筒9将扭力传递给钻头短节10。钻头短节将带动下锁紧螺母18及下启振体17一起转动，由于上、下启振体与启振体钢球配合的曲面为凹凸不平的规律曲线，所以会造成下启振体17转动时凸面与凸面或凸面与凹面配合，使上启振体15与下启振体17相对位置发生变化，从而带动弹簧12产生周期性的压缩与释放，使工具产生周期性震动，并将周期性产生的弹簧力传递给钻头，使钻头在钻进过程中不仅承受固定钻压，还有周期性冲击钻压作用，从而提高了钻井速度保护钻头。工具产生的周期性轴向振动不光有利于钻头钻进速度和保护钻头，还能够避免钻杆与井壁发生摩擦降低磨阻，提高井壁质量。
上述方式中未述及的有关技术内容采取或借鉴已有技术即可实现。
需要说明的是，在本说明书的教导下，本领域技术人员所做出的任何等同替代方式，或明显变型方式，均应在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，其特征在于：包括主轴、扭矩传递套筒、钻头短节、上壳体、中间壳体和下壳体，所述主轴的上端与马达的转子固定连接，主轴的下端通过扭矩传递套筒与钻头短节的上端传动连接，钻头短节的下端连接钻头，所述上壳体的上端与马达的定子固定连接，上壳体与中间壳体和下壳体固定连接；在钻头短节和下壳体之间设置有能够将马达的轴向旋转能转换成轴向振动冲击能的能量转换机构，所述能量转换机构包括冲击座、弹簧和启振体，启振体设置在冲击座的底部，在冲击座与下壳体之间形成有弹簧空间，所述弹簧安装在弹簧空间内，所述启振体包括上启振体和下启振体，上启振体与冲击座固定连接，下启振体与钻头短节固定连接，在上启振体和下启振体上设置有相互配合的曲面轨道，在曲面轨道内放置有滚动钢球，当下启振体随主轴转动时，上启振体在轴向产生周期性的位移变化，进而带动弹簧产生周期性的压缩与释放，使钻头产生周期性的轴向振动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，其特征在于：在钻头短节上设置有下TC轴承外圈，在下TC轴承外圈的顶端设置有下锁紧螺母，在下TC轴承外圈的底端设置有下TC轴承外圈定位套，在下壳体上设置有下TC轴承内圈，下TC轴承外圈与下TC轴承内圈紧密接触；在主轴上设置有上TC轴承外圈，在上TC轴承外圈的顶端设置有上锁紧螺母，在上TC轴承外圈的底端设置有推力轴承组，在上壳体上设置有上TC轴承内圈，上TC轴承外圈与上TC轴承内圈紧密接触。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，其特征在于：在上启振体的顶端设置有第一凸起，在冲击座的底端设置有与第一凸起配合连接的第一凹槽；在下启振体的底端设置有第二凸起，在下锁紧螺母的顶端设置有与第二凸起配合连接的第二凹槽。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置，其特征在于：在弹簧空间的底部设置有用于调整弹簧预紧力的垫片。
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WO2011149363A1 (en) * 2010-05-25 2011-12-01 Flexidrill Limited Enhanced vibrational or hammering apparatus
CN103375133A (zh) * 2012-04-13 2013-10-30 长江大学 一种井下位移冲击式钻井工具
CN103375132A (zh) * 2012-04-24 2013-10-30 长江大学 井下旋转冲击式钻井工具
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CN108331527A (zh) * 2018-01-17 2018-07-27 中国石油大学(华东) 一种井下马达驱动产生冲击振动作用的钻井提速装置

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