WO2019136698A1 - 准直器更换装置及其使用方法 - Google Patents

准直器更换装置及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019136698A1
WO2019136698A1 PCT/CN2018/072413 CN2018072413W WO2019136698A1 WO 2019136698 A1 WO2019136698 A1 WO 2019136698A1 CN 2018072413 W CN2018072413 W CN 2018072413W WO 2019136698 A1 WO2019136698 A1 WO 2019136698A1
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Prior art keywords
collimator
patient
particle beam
beam emitting
emitting device
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PCT/CN2018/072413
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱波
陈朝斌
李国威
李建霖
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广东东阳光药业有限公司
东莞中子科学中心
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Application filed by 广东东阳光药业有限公司, 东莞中子科学中心 filed Critical 广东东阳光药业有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/072413 priority Critical patent/WO2019136698A1/zh
Publication of WO2019136698A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019136698A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of radiation therapy, in particular to a collimator replacement device and a method of using the same.
  • the collimators used in particle irradiation systems are often multi-leaf collimators.
  • the use of multi-leaf collimators for conformation does not require replacement of the collimator, and some effects can be obtained, but there are still some defects in using multi-leaf collimators.
  • Multi-leaf collimator requires at least one driving device per page, and position detecting device, which has complicated structure and high cost; high precision of control requirements; multiple pages need to be matched to form a planar tumor projection approximate shape with boundary as a step shape, and the boundary is not enough Smooth, conformal wild edges are jagged, increasing leakage.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a collimator replacement device which is simple in structure, convenient to use, and low in cost of the collimator.
  • the opening on the collimator that is, the edge of the conformal field is curved, more smooth, and closer to the tumor. The shape reduces leakage and the treatment effect is good.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for replacing a device using a collimator, which is simple in operation, can realize automatic replacement of the collimator, has high automation degree, and is convenient to use.
  • a collimator replacement device including a particle beam emitting device, further comprising a collimator library, a drive shaft, a rotary drive device, and a mobile drive device, the collimator library being fixedly coupled to the drive shaft,
  • the rotation driving device drives the driving shaft to rotate about a central axis thereof
  • the moving driving device drives the driving shaft to move along a central axis thereof
  • the collimator library is provided with a plurality of collimator mounting portions, a patient collimator detachably mounted on the collimator mounting portion, the collimator mounting portion being equidistant from a central axis of the drive shaft, the patient collimator and the particle beam launching device The outlet end is matched.
  • the opening of the patient collimator is rapidly processed on the basis of a standard collimator, the shape and size of the standard collimator are the same, and the standard collimator can also be installed at the same
  • the particle beam emitting device includes an accelerator, a current detector, a radiation detector, a shielding layer, and a controller, and an outlet end of the particle beam emitting device is located at an exit of the shielding layer,
  • the rotation driving device and the moving driving device are both connected to the controller electrical signal, the controller controls the rotation driving device and the moving driving device to operate, and the controller further controls the particle beam emitting device The particle emission state.
  • the end face of the collimator library is circular, the collimator library is located on the same central axis with the drive shaft, and the plurality of collimator mounting portions are around the central axis. Evenly distributed.
  • the rotation of the driving shaft can drive the collimator library to rotate, and the switching of the patient collimator can be realized.
  • the collimator mounting portion is a mounting groove formed on the collimator library, and the patient collimator is detachably in the mounting slot.
  • the number of the collimator mounting portions is 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, and the number of the patient collimators does not exceed The number of collimator mounts, the actual number of patient collimators is determined according to the patient treatment plan.
  • a set of the patient collimators for one patient are sequentially installed in the installation slot in an intended use order, which can save time for replacing the patient collimator during use;
  • the device is detachably mounted, and after the treatment is completed, the patient collimator is completely removed to replace a set of patient collimators for another patient, which is convenient to use, or the collimator library is detachably mounted.
  • the collimator library is directly removed after treatment, and another collimator bank equipped with a set of patient collimators for another patient is replaced and mounted on the drive shaft.
  • the collimator library can be disassembled using a robot arm.
  • the collimator library is irradiated in a short time after completing one treatment, if the medical staff closes the patient collimator near the collimator library at this time, the health of the medical staff may be harmful, so when the two patients have a longer treatment interval, another patient collimator can be replaced directly to the collimator bank. When the two patients have a shorter treatment interval, the collimator can be used with the robot arm.
  • the library is directly removed and placed at the shielding position, and another collimator library equipped with a set of patient collimators for another patient is replaced and mounted on the drive shaft, which not only improves the replacement efficiency, but also ensures the replacement.
  • the health of medical staff is irradiated in a short time after completing one treatment, if the medical staff closes the patient collimator near the collimator library at this time, the health of the medical staff may be harmful, so when the two patients have a longer treatment interval, another patient collimator can be replaced directly to the collimator bank. When the two patients have
  • the patient collimator is provided with a positioning hole
  • the outlet end of the particle beam emitting device is provided with a positioning pin that cooperates with the positioning hole.
  • the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, and the installation and positioning are more convenient and accurate, and the installation is firm and reliable.
  • each of the patient collimators is provided with an information label, and the information label is recorded with a corresponding shape of the patient collimator opening, and the corresponding treatment bed pendulum
  • the outlet end of the particle beam emitting device is provided with a label information reader.
  • the label information reader is electrically connected to a controller of the particle beam emitting device, and the label information reader can send the read signal to the controller;
  • the post information reader reads the information label identifying the rotation and can quickly match the desired patient collimator.
  • the information label is one of a barcode label, a two-dimensional code label or an RFID label.
  • the label information reader is a barcode scanner
  • the label information reader is an RFID reader.
  • a method of replacing a device using a collimator comprising the steps of:
  • the opening of the patient collimator is quickly processed on the basis of the standard collimator;
  • the rotational driving device drives the collimator library to rotate according to the position and angle of the treatment bed, until the required patient collimator is facing the opening of the particle beam emitting device, and the rotating driving device stops Moving the drive unit to move in a direction toward the particle beam emitting device until the patient collimator is mounted in an opening of the particle beam emitting device, the particle beam emitting device Perform a particle beam emission therapy;
  • step D changing the placement position and angle of the treatment bed, the mobile driving device driving the collimator library to move away from the particle beam emitting device until the patient collimator is from the particle beam emitting device Disengage in the opening, repeat the action in step C, and perform particle beam emission therapy again;
  • step E repeating the step D according to the treatment plan until the entire particle beam emission therapy is completed, the mobile drive device driving the collimator library to move away from the particle beam emitting device until the patient is collimated The device is detached from the opening of the particle beam emitting device, waiting for the device to be used next time.
  • a plurality of the patient collimators are sequentially installed on the collimator library in an expected use order, which can save time for replacing the patient collimator during use.
  • the method further includes the step of: installing the information label on the The patient collimator is set at a position on which the information on the shape of the patient collimator opening, the position and angle of the corresponding treatment bed are recorded.
  • the label information reader on the particle beam emitting device scans and reads the information standard.
  • the recorded information is pasted, and when the information recorded on a certain information label is matched with the actual placement position and angle of the treatment bed at this time, the rotation driving device stops.
  • the patient collimator eliminates the need for a multi-leaf collimator and is low in cost.
  • the edge of the opening on the collimator is curved, smoother, closer to the shape of the tumor, reducing leakage and good therapeutic effect.
  • the invention also provides a method for replacing a device by using a collimator, which adopts a rotatable collimator library, has simple operation, can realize automatic replacement of the collimator, has high automation degree and is convenient to use.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the portion C in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a collimator library according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a standard collimator
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a patient collimator in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a flow chart of a method of use of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the connection of each device and the controller in the present invention.
  • the particle beam emitting device 1 the positioning pin 11, the accelerator 12, the current detector 13, the radiation detector 14, the shielding layer 15, the collimator library 2, the collimator mounting portion 21, the drive shaft 3, and the rotational driving device 4
  • the mobile drive unit 5 the patient collimator 6, the positioning hole 61, the information label 62, the opening 63, the treatment bed 7, the label information reader 8, and the standard collimator 9.
  • a collimator replacing device including a particle beam emitting device 1, as a modification of the present invention, further includes a collimator library 2, a drive shaft 3, a rotational driving device 4, and a mobile driving device 5
  • the straight magazine 2 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 3, the collimator library 2 and the drive shaft 3 are driven, the rotary drive device 4 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate about its own central axis, and the mobile drive device 5 drives the drive shaft 3 along its center.
  • the collimator bank 2 is provided with a plurality of collimator mounting portions 21, and the patient collimator 6 is detachably mounted on the collimator mounting portion 21, the collimator mounting portion 21 to the center of the drive shaft 3
  • the distances of the axes are equal, and the patient collimator 6 cooperates with the outlet end of the particle beam emitting device 1.
  • the opening 63 of the patient collimator 6 is rapidly machined according to the treatment plan on the basis of the standard collimator 9, and the standard collimator 9 has the same shape and size, and standard collimation.
  • the device 9 can also be mounted to the collimator library 2; the particle beam emitting device 1 includes an accelerator 12, a current detector 13, a radiation detector 14, a shielding layer 15, and a controller, and the outlet end of the particle beam emitting device 1 is located at the shield
  • the rotation driving device 4, the mobile driving device 5, the treatment bed 7, and the label information reader 8 are all connected with the controller electrical signal, and the controller controls the rotation driving device 4 and the mobile driving device 5 to operate and control
  • the controller controls the particle emission state of the particle beam emitting device 1, the controller can determine the position and angle of the treatment bed 7, and the controller can receive the identification information read by the label information reader 8 and control the rotation driving device 4 and the movement
  • the drive device 5 operates.
  • the particle beam emitting device 1 may be a radiation therapy device that generates X-rays, a neutron beam, a proton beam, an electron beam or other particle beam, etc.
  • the rotary driving device is a stepping motor or a speed reducer
  • the mobile driving device is a hydraulic cylinder or a stepping machine. Motor.
  • the end face of the collimator library 2 is circular, the collimator library 2 and the drive shaft 3 are located on the same central axis, and the plurality of collimator mounting portions 21 are wound around the center.
  • the axis is evenly distributed.
  • the rotation of the drive shaft 3 can drive the collimator library 2 to rotate, and the replacement of the patient collimator 6 can be realized.
  • the collimator mounting portion 21 is a mounting groove that is formed in the collimator housing, and the patient collimator 6 is detachably mounted in the mounting slot.
  • the number of collimator mounting portions 21 is 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, and the number of patient collimators 6 does not exceed the collimator mounting portion
  • the number of 21, the actual number of patient collimators 6 is determined according to the patient's treatment plan.
  • a set of patient collimators 6 for one patient are sequentially installed in the installation slot in the expected order of use, which saves time spent replacing the patient collimator 6 during use; the patient collimator 6 is detachably mounted for treatment After the completion, the patient collimator can be completely removed to replace a set of patient collimators for another patient, which is convenient to use, or the collimator library 2 is detachably mounted on the drive shaft 3, after the treatment
  • the collimator bank 2 is directly removed, and another collimator bank 2 equipped with a set of patient collimators for another patient is replaced and mounted on the drive shaft 3, and the collimator library can be disassembled using the robot arm.
  • the patient collimator 6 is provided with a positioning hole 61, and the outlet end of the particle beam emitting device 1 is provided with a positioning pin 11 that cooperates with the positioning hole 61.
  • the positioning pin 11 is inserted into the positioning hole 61, and the mounting and positioning is more convenient and accurate, and the installation is firm and reliable.
  • each patient collimator 6 is provided with an information label 62.
  • the information label 62 has a corresponding shape of the patient collimator 6 opening 63 and a corresponding pendulum of the treatment bed 7.
  • Information on the position and angle is provided, and the label end information reader 8 is provided at the outlet end of the particle beam emitting device 1.
  • the treatment bed 7 and the label information reader 8 are all connected with the controller electrical signal of the particle beam emitting device 1, the controller can determine the position and angle of the treatment bed 7, and the controller can receive the label information reader 8.
  • the recognized signal is read and the operations of the rotational driving device 4 and the mobile driving device 5 are controlled; the information label 62 identifying the rotation is read by the label information reader 8, and the required patient collimator 6 can be quickly matched.
  • the information label 62 is one of a barcode label, a two-dimensional code label, or an RFID tag.
  • the label information reader 8 is a barcode scanner.
  • the label information reader 8 is a two-dimensional code scanner.
  • the label information reader 8 is an RFID reader.
  • a method of replacing a device with a collimator includes the following steps:
  • the opening 63 of the patient collimator 6 is rapidly processed on the basis of the standard collimator 9 according to the size of the tumor field specified by the treatment planning system and its irradiation direction, and the opening 63 is the conformal shape required for the treatment. wild;
  • the information label 62 is installed at a set position on the patient collimator 6, and the information label 62 records the shape and size of the patient collimator 6 opening 63, the corresponding position and angle of the treatment bed 7. Information; the patient collimator 6 is sequentially mounted in the collimator mounting portion 21 on the collimator bank 2 in the expected order of use;
  • the rotational driving device 4 drives the collimator library 2 to rotate, and the label information reader 8 on the particle beam emitting device 1 scans the information recorded on the read information label 62.
  • the rotation driving device 4 stops, and the mobile driving device 5 drives the collimator library 2 toward the particle.
  • the direction of the beam emitting device 1 is moved until the patient collimator 6 is mounted in the opening of the particle beam emitting device 1, and the particle beam emitting device 1 performs a particle beam emission therapy;
  • step D Changing the position and angle of the treatment bed 7, the mobile driving device 5 drives the collimator bank 2 to move away from the particle beam emitting device 1 until the patient collimator 6 is detached from the opening of the particle beam emitting device 1. Repeat the action in step C and perform particle beam emission therapy again;
  • step D Repeat step D according to the treatment plan until the entire particle beam emission therapy is completed, and the mobile driving device 5 drives the collimator bank 2 to move away from the particle beam emitting device 1 until the patient collimator 6 is from the particle beam
  • the opening of the launching device 1 is disengaged, waiting for the device to be used next time.

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Abstract

一种准直器更换装置，包括粒子束发射装置(1)、准直器库(2)、驱动轴(3)、转动驱动装置(4)及移动驱动装置(5)，准直器库(2)与驱动轴(3)固定连接，转动驱动装置(4)驱动驱动轴(3)绕自身中心轴线转动，移动驱动装置(5)驱动驱动轴(3)沿自身中心轴线方向移动，准直器库(2)上设置有多个准直器安装部(21)，患者准直器(6)可拆卸地安装在准直器安装部(21)上，准直器安装部(21)到驱动轴(3)中心轴线的距离相等，患者准直器(6)与粒子束发射装置(1)的出口端相配合。这一装置结构简单，使用方便，准直器(6)成本低，准直器(6)上的开口(63)即适形野的边缘是曲线，更加光滑，更接近肿瘤的形状，减少了漏射，治疗效果好。一种使用准直器更换装置的方法，操作简单，可实现准直器(6)的自动更换，自动化程度高，使用方便。

Description

准直器更换装置及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及放射治疗领域，尤其涉及一种准直器更换装置及其使用方法。
背景技术
在放疗领域，医学界一直追求的目标之一是最大限度地减少对正常组织的伤害，尽可能的加大病灶靶区的剂量。目前粒子照射系统所用的准直器往往为多叶准直器，使用多叶准直器进行适形不需要更换准直器，也可获得一些效果，但使用多叶准直器仍存在一些缺陷：多叶准直器每页都需要最少一个驱动装置，和位置检测装置，结构复杂，成本昂贵；控制要求精度高；需要多页进行配合形成边界为台阶形的平面肿瘤投影近似形状，边界不够顺滑，适形野边缘呈锯齿状，增加了漏射。
基于上述情况，我们有必要设计一种能够解决上述问题的准直器更换装置和方法。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于，提供一种准直器更换装置，结构简单，使用方便，准直器成本低，准直器上的开口即适形野的边缘是曲线，更加光滑，更接近肿瘤的形状，减少了漏射，治疗效果好。
本发明的另一目的在于，提供一种使用准直器更换装置的方法，操作简单，可实现准直器的自动更换，自动化程度高，使用方便。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一方面，提供一种准直器更换装置，包括粒子束发射装置，还包括准直器库、驱动轴、转动驱动装置及移动驱动装置，所述准直器库与所述驱动轴固定连接，所述转动驱动装置驱动所述驱动轴绕自身中心轴线转动，所述移动驱动装置驱动所述驱动轴沿自身中心轴线方向移动，所述准直器库上设置有多个准直器安装部，患者准直器可拆卸地安装在所述准直器安装部上，所述准直器安装部到所述驱动轴中心轴线的距离相等，所述患者准直器与所述粒子束发射装置的出口端相配合。
具体的，所述患者准直器的开口是在标准准直器的基础上快速加工出的，所述标准准直器的形状尺寸型号均一致，且所述标准准直器也可安装到所述准直器库上；所述粒子束发射装置包括加速器、电流检测器、辐射检测器、屏蔽层、控制器，所述粒子束发射装置的出口端即位于所述屏蔽层出口处，所述转动驱动装置及所述移动驱动装置均与所述控制器电信号相连接，所述控制器控制所述转动驱动装置及所述移动驱动装置动作，所述控制器还控制所 述粒子束发射装置的粒子发射状态。
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述准直器库端面呈圆形，所述准直器库与所述驱动轴位于同一中心轴线上，多个所述准直器安装部绕所述中心轴线均匀分布。
具体的，所述驱动轴旋转即可带动所述准直器库旋转，可实现所述患者准直器的切换。
优选的，所述准直器安装部为开设在所述准直器库上的安装槽，所述患者准直器可拆卸地在所述安装槽内。
优选的，所述准直器安装部的数目为2个或3个或4个或5个或6个或7个或8个或9个或10个，所述患者准直器的数目不超过所述准直器安装部的数目，所述患者准直器的实际数目根据患者治疗计划确定。
具体的，将针对一个患者的一套所述患者准直器按预计的使用顺序依次安装在所述安装槽内，可节约使用时更换所述患者准直器所用的时间；所述患者准直器采用可拆卸式安装，治疗完成后将此套患者准直器全部拆下即可更换针对另一患者的一套患者准直器，使用方便，或者，所述准直器库可拆卸地安装在所述驱动轴上，治疗完后将所述准直器库直接拆下，将另一安装有针对另一患者的一套患者准直器的准直器库更换安装到所述驱动轴上，可使用机械臂拆装所述准直器库。
由于完成一次治疗后，所述准直器库短时间内带有辐射性，若医务人员此时靠近所述准直器库更换患者准直器，会对医务人员的身体健康造成危害，所以当两个患者治疗间隔时间较长时，可采用直接到准直器库上更换另一套患者准直器，当两个患者治疗间隔时间较短时，可使用机械臂将使用完的准直器库直接拆下放置到屏蔽位置处，再将另一安装有针对另一患者的一套患者准直器的准直器库更换安装到所述驱动轴上，不仅提高了更换效率，而且保证了医务人员的身体健康。
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述患者准直器上开设有定位孔，所述粒子束发射装置的出口端设置有与所述定位孔相配合的定位销。
具体的，所述患者准直器安装到所述粒子束发射装置的出口端处时，所述定位销会插入到所述定位孔内，安装定位更加方便、精确，安装牢固可靠。
作为一种优选的技术方案，每一所述患者准直器上均设置有信息标贴，所述信息标贴内记录有对应的所述患者准直器开口形状尺寸、对应的治疗床的摆放位置及角度的信息，所述粒子束发射装置的出口端设置有标贴信息读取器。
具体的，所述标贴信息读取器与所述粒子束发射装置的控制器电信号连接，所述标贴信息读取器可将读取的信号发送至所述控制器；通过所述标贴信息读取器读取识别旋转中的所述信息标贴，可快速匹配所需要的患者准直器。
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述信息标贴为条形码标贴、二维码标贴或RFID标签中的一种。
具体的，当所述信息标贴为条形码标贴时，所述标贴信息读取器为条形码扫描器，当所述信息标贴为二维码标贴时，所述标贴信息读取器为二维码扫描器，当所述信息标贴为RFID标签时，所述标贴信息读取器为RFID读取器。
另一方面，提供一种使用准直器更换装置的方法，包括以下步骤：
A、根据治疗计划系统指定的肿瘤照野形状尺寸及其照射方向，在标准准直器的基础上快速加工出患者准直器的开口；
B、将加工好的所述患者准直器安装在所述准直器库上的所述准直器安装部中；
C、根据治疗床的摆放位置及角度，所述转动驱动装置驱动所述准直器库旋转，直至所需的患者准直器正对所述粒子束发射装置的开口，转动驱动装置停止动作，所述移动驱动装置驱动所述准直器库朝向靠近所述粒子束发射装置的方向移动，直至所述患者准直器安装到所述粒子束发射装置的开口中，所述粒子束发射装置进行一次粒子束发射治疗；
D、改变治疗床的摆放位置及角度，所述移动驱动装置驱动所述准直器库朝向远离所述粒子束发射装置的方向移动，直至所述患者准直器从所述粒子束发射装置的开口中脱离，重复所述步骤C中的动作，再进行一次粒子束发射治疗；
E、根据治疗计划，重复所述步骤D，直至整个粒子束发射治疗完成，所述移动驱动装置驱动所述准直器库朝向远离所述粒子束发射装置的方向移动，直至所述患者准直器从所述粒子束发射装置的开口中脱离，等待装置下一次被使用。
优选地，所述步骤B中将多个所述患者准直器按照预计的使用顺序依次安装在所述准直器库上，可节约使用时更换所述患者准直器所用的时间。
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述步骤B中，在将加工好的所述患者准直器安装到所述准直器库上之前，还包括步骤：将所述信息标贴安装在所述患者准直器设定位置处，所述信息标贴上记录有所述患者准直器开口形状尺寸、对应的治疗床的摆放位置及角度的信息。
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述步骤C中，所述转动驱动装置驱动所述准直器库旋转时，所述粒子束发射装置上的标贴信息读取器扫描读取所述信息标贴上记录的信息，当读取到某一信息标贴上记录的信息与此时所述治疗床的实际摆放位置及角度一致时，转动驱动装置停止动作。
本发明的有益效果为：
提供一种准直器更换装置，结构简单，使用方便，根据治疗计划系统指定的肿瘤照野形状尺寸及其照射方向，在标准准直器的基础上快速加工出一套具有适形野开口的患者准直器， 无需使用多叶准直器，成本低，准直器上的开口边缘是曲线，更加光滑，更接近肿瘤的形状，减少了漏射，治疗效果好。本发明同时提供一种使用准直器更换装置的方法，采用可旋转的准直器库，操作简单，可实现准直器的自动更换，自动化程度高，使用方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为图1中C处局部放大示意图；
图3为本发明中准直器库的结构示意图；
图4为标准准直器的结构示意图；
图5为图4中沿A-A方向的剖视示意图；
图6为本发明中患者准直器的结构示意图；
图7为图6中沿B-B方向的剖视示意图；
图8为本发明使用方法的流程图；
图9为本发明中各装置与控制器的连接示意图。
其中，粒子束发射装置1，定位销11，加速器12，电流检测器13，辐射检测器14，屏蔽层15，准直器库2，准直器安装部21，驱动轴3，转动驱动装置4，移动驱动装置5，患者准直器6，定位孔61，信息标贴62，开口63，治疗床7，标贴信息读取器8，标准准直器9。
具体实施方式
为使对本发明的结构特征及所达成的功效有更进一步的了解和认识，用以较佳的实施例及附图配合详细的说明，说明如下：
如图1所示，一种准直器更换装置，包括粒子束发射装置1，作为本发明的改进，还包括准直器库2、驱动轴3、转动驱动装置4及移动驱动装置5，准直器库2与驱动轴3固定连接，准直器库2与驱动轴3随动，转动驱动装置4驱动驱动轴3绕自身中心轴线转动，移动驱动装置5驱动所述驱动轴3沿自身中心轴线方向移动，准直器库2上设置有多个准直器安装部21，患者准直器6可拆卸地安装在准直器安装部21上，准直器安装部21到驱动轴3中心轴线的距离相等，患者准直器6与粒子束发射装置1的出口端相配合。
如图4～7所示，患者准直器6的开口63是在标准准直器9的基础上根据治疗计划快速加工出的，标准准直器9的形状尺寸型号均一致，且标准准直器9也可安装到准直器库2上；粒子束发射装置1包括加速器12、电流检测器13、辐射检测器14、屏蔽层15、控制器，粒子束发射装置1的出口端即位于屏蔽层15出口处，转动驱动装置4、移动驱动装置5、治疗 床7、标贴信息读取器8均与控制器电信号相连接，控制器控制转动驱动装置4及移动驱动装置5动作，控制器控制粒子束发射装置1的粒子发射状态，控制器可判断治疗床7的摆放位置及角度，控制器可接收标贴信息读取器8读取识别的信号并控制转动驱动装置4及移动驱动装置5动作。装置处于初始位置时，患者准直器6未安装到粒子束发射装置1的出口端上，即患者准直器6与粒子束发射装置1处于脱离状态，准直器库可旋转。粒子束发射装置1可为产生X射线、中子束、质子束、电子束或其他粒子束等的放射治疗设备，转动驱动装置为步进电机或减速机，移动驱动装置为液压缸或步进电机。
作为本发明进一步的改进，如图3所示，准直器库2端面呈圆形，准直器库2与驱动轴3位于同一中心轴线上，多个准直器安装部21绕所述中心轴线均匀分布。驱动轴3旋转即可带动准直器库2旋转，可实现患者准直器6的更换。准直器安装部21为开设在准直器库上的安装槽，患者准直器6可拆卸地在安装槽内。准直器安装部21的数目为2个或3个或4个或5个或6个或7个或8个或9个或10个，患者准直器6的数目不超过准直器安装部21的数目，患者准直器6的实际数目根据患者治疗计划确定。
将针对一个患者的一套患者准直器6按预计的使用顺序依次安装在安装槽内，可节约使用时更换患者准直器6所用的时间；患者准直器6采用可拆卸式安装，治疗完成后将此套患者准直器全部拆下即可更换针对另一患者的一套患者准直器，使用方便，或者，准直器库2可拆卸地安装在驱动轴3上，治疗完后将准直器库2直接拆下，将另一安装有针对另一患者的一套患者准直器的准直器库2更换安装到驱动轴3上，可使用机械臂拆装准直器库2。
如图2所示，患者准直器6上开设有定位孔61，粒子束发射装置1的出口端设置有与定位孔61相配合的定位销11。患者准直器6安装到粒子束发射装置1的出口端处时，定位销11会插入到定位孔61内，安装定位更加方便、精确，安装牢固可靠。
如图2～3所示，每一患者准直器6上均设置有信息标贴62，信息标贴62内记录有对应的患者准直器6开口63形状尺寸、对应的治疗床7的摆放位置及角度的信息，粒子束发射装置1的出口端设置有标贴信息读取器8。治疗床7及标贴信息读取器8均与粒子束发射装置1的控制器电信号连接，控制器可判断治疗床7的摆放位置及角度，控制器可接收标贴信息读取器8读取识别的信号并控制转动驱动装置4及移动驱动装置5动作；通过标贴信息读取器8读取识别旋转中的信息标贴62，可快速匹配所需要的患者准直器6。
信息标贴62为条形码标贴、二维码标贴或RFID标签中的一种。当信息标贴62为条形码标贴时，标贴信息读取器8为条形码扫描器，当信息标贴62为二维码标贴时，标贴信息读取器8为二维码扫描器，当信息标贴62为RFID标签时，标贴信息读取器8为RFID读取器。
使用准直器更换装置的方法，包括以下步骤：
A、根据治疗计划系统指定的肿瘤照野形状尺寸及其照射方向，在标准准直器9的基础上快速加工出患者准直器6的开口63，该开口63即为治疗所需的适形野；
B、将信息标贴62安装在患者准直器6上的设定位置处，信息标贴62上记录有患者准直器6开口63形状尺寸、对应的治疗床7的摆放位置及角度的信息；将患者准直器6按照预计的使用顺序依次安装在准直器库2上的准直器安装部21中；
C、根据治疗床7的摆放位置及角度，转动驱动装置4驱动准直器库2旋转，粒子束发射装置1上的标贴信息读取器8扫描读取信息标贴62上记录的信息，当读取到某一信息标贴62上记录的信息与此时治疗床的实际摆放位置及角度一致时，转动驱动装置4停止动作，移动驱动装置5驱动准直器库2朝向靠近粒子束发射装置1的方向移动，直至患者准直器6安装到粒子束发射装置1的开口中，粒子束发射装置1进行一次粒子束发射治疗；
D、改变治疗床7的摆放位置及角度，移动驱动装置5驱动准直器库2朝向远离粒子束发射装置1的方向移动，直至患者准直器6从粒子束发射装置1的开口中脱离，重复步骤C中的动作，再进行一次粒子束发射治疗；
E、根据治疗计划，重复所述步骤D，直至整个粒子束发射治疗完成，移动驱动装置5驱动准直器库2朝向远离粒子束发射装置1的方向移动，直至患者准直器6从粒子束发射装置1的开口中脱离，等待装置下一次被使用。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的技术人员应当理解，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行同等替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神与范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种准直器更换装置，包括粒子束发射装置(1)，其特征在于，还包括准直器库(2)、驱动轴(3)、转动驱动装置(4)及移动驱动装置(5)，所述准直器库(2)与所述驱动轴(3)固定连接，所述转动驱动装置(4)驱动所述驱动轴(3)绕自身中心轴线转动，所述移动驱动装置(5)驱动所述驱动轴(3)沿自身中心轴线方向移动，所述准直器库(2)上设置有多个准直器安装部(21)，患者准直器(6)可拆卸地安装在所述准直器安装部(21)上，所述准直器安装部(21)到所述驱动轴(3)中心轴线的距离相等，所述患者准直器(6)与所述粒子束发射装置(1)的出口端相配合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的准直器更换装置，其特征在于，所述准直器库(2)端面呈圆形，所述准直器库(2)与所述驱动轴(3)位于同一中心轴线上，多个所述准直器安装部(21)绕所述中心轴线均匀分布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的准直器更换装置，其特征在于，所述患者准直器(6)上开设有定位孔(61)，所述粒子束发射装置(1)的出口端设置有与所述定位孔(61)相配合的定位销(11)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的准直器更换装置，其特征在于，每一所述患者准直器(6)上均设置有信息标贴(62)，所述信息标贴(62)内记录有对应的所述患者准直器(6)开口(63)形状尺寸、对应的治疗床(7)的摆放位置及角度的信息，所述粒子束发射装置(1)的出口端设置有标贴信息读取器(8)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的准直器更换装置，其特征在于，所述信息标贴(62)为条形码标贴、二维码标贴或RFID标签中的一种。
  6. 一种使用准直器更换装置的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    A、根据治疗计划系统指定的肿瘤照野形状尺寸及其照射方向，在标准准直器(9)的基础上快速加工出患者准直器(6)的开口(63)；
    B、将加工好的所述患者准直器(6)安装在所述准直器库(2)上的所述准直器安装部(21)中；
    C、根据治疗床(7)的摆放位置及角度，所述转动驱动装置(4)驱动所述准直器库(2)旋转，直至所需的患者准直器(6)正对所述粒子束发射装置(1)的开口，转动驱动装置(4)停止动作，所述移动驱动装置(5)驱动所述准直器库(2)朝向靠近所述粒子束发射装置(1)的方向移动，直至所述患者准直器(6)安装到所述粒子束发射装置(1)的开口中，所述粒子束发射装置(1)进行一次粒子束发射治疗；
    D、改变所述治疗床(7)的摆放位置及角度，所述移动驱动装置(5)驱动所述准直器库(2)朝向远离所述粒子束发射装置(1)的方向移动，直至所述患者准直器(6)从 所述粒子束发射装置(1)的开口中脱离，重复所述步骤C中的动作，再进行一次粒子束发射治疗；
    E、根据治疗计划，重复所述步骤D，直至整个粒子束发射治疗完成，所述移动驱动装置(5)驱动所述准直器库(2)朝向远离所述粒子束发射装置(1)的方向移动，直至所述患者准直器(6)从所述粒子束发射装置(1)的开口中脱离，等待装置下一次被使用。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的使用准直器更换装置的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤B中，在将加工好的所述患者准直器(6)安装到所述准直器库(2)上之前，还包括步骤：将所述信息标贴(62)安装在所述患者准直器(6)设定位置处，所述信息标贴(62)上记录有所述患者准直器(6)开口(63)形状尺寸、对应的治疗床(7)的摆放位置及角度的信息。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的使用准直器更换装置的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤C中，所述转动驱动装置(5)驱动所述准直器库(2)旋转时，所述粒子束发射装置(1)上的标贴信息读取器(8)扫描读取所述信息标贴(62)上记录的信息，当读取到某一信息标贴(62)上记录的信息与此时所述治疗床(7)的实际摆放位置及角度一致时，所述转动驱动装置(5)停止动作。
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WO2023125214A1 (zh) * 2021-12-30 2023-07-06 中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司 连接组件及装配方法、准直器及中子捕获治疗装置

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