WO2019130347A1 - Primers for isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis and the process thereof - Google Patents
Primers for isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis and the process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019130347A1 WO2019130347A1 PCT/IN2018/050878 IN2018050878W WO2019130347A1 WO 2019130347 A1 WO2019130347 A1 WO 2019130347A1 IN 2018050878 W IN2018050878 W IN 2018050878W WO 2019130347 A1 WO2019130347 A1 WO 2019130347A1
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/689—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for bacteria
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2537/00—Reactions characterised by the reaction format or use of a specific feature
- C12Q2537/10—Reactions characterised by the reaction format or use of a specific feature the purpose or use of
- C12Q2537/143—Multiplexing, i.e. use of multiple primers or probes in a single reaction, usually for simultaneously analyse of multiple analysis
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- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/16—Primer sets for multiplex assays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific novel primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, along with detecting a definite wavelength of excitation of amplified reaction showing a characteristic peak at a specific emission wavelength, which enables faster detection of amplification.
- Loop mediated isothermal amplification is a recently developed molecular technique that amplifies nucleic acid under isothermal conditions and it was designed to overcome the disadvantages of PCR. Detection of the amplified product can be visualized by naked eye by measuring the turbidity (Mori Y et. al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Common. (2001) 289 (1): 150-4.
- Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has been developed and described in the literature by Tomotada Iwamoto et. al, (Journal of clinical microbiology. 41 (6): 2616-2622 (2003)). However, the Tomotada Iwamoto et. al, reported issues such as sample preparation, nucleic acid extraction, and cross-contamination controls.
- Point-of-care diagnostic devices are critical to obtain rapid information crucial for the physicians to provide effective patient care. Infectious diseases like tuberculosis, gene amplification devices found to more rapid and sensitive thus eliminating time consuming pathogen culture.
- gene amplification methods including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), strand displacement amplification (SDA), ligase chain reaction (LCR), and transcription mediated amplification (TCA). See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,683,195; 4,629,689; 5,427,930; 5,339,491; and 5,409,818.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- SDA strand displacement amplification
- LCR ligase chain reaction
- TCA transcription mediated amplification
- Loop-mediated isothermal amplification happens at a single temperature thus eliminating expensive equipment such as thermocyclers.
- the method allows amplification of target gene, using four or six different primers, Bst DNA polymerase, and substrates. High specificity in amplification of the target gene was found under isothermal conditions (70 to 72° C).
- the amplified product is then determined by visual assessment of the turbidity or fluorescence of the reaction mixture, which is kept in the reaction tube. Mori et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 289:150-54 (2001). Because of its fast, and specific amplification of small amounts of target DNA from patient samples, LAMP has been considered as an efficient tool for the rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases.
- TB tuberculosis
- POC point of care
- the current techniques like smear microscopy, Xpert MT RIF assay and TB liparabinomannan antigen test, however, do not fulfil the above requirements. It is essential to develop and roll-out POC test for TB to prevent the disease.
- Another object of this invention to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which allows a fast and accurate detection of the disease.
- Yet another object of this invention is to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which has a sensitivity of >95 of smear positive and specific >9S compare to gene Xpert or culture.
- Still another object of this invention is to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whereby the test can be conducted with single patient-health-care contact, preferably less than 1 hour) that enables treatment initiation.
- Further object of this invention is to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is fast and cost-effective.
- the present invention underlying this instant application discloses and claims novel and inventive primers for isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria in any reaction mixture comprising Seq. ID. No.: 1-6.
- the Sequence ID No.: 1 is 18 bp long forward primer with the sequence AATTCACCGGGTCCAAGC, designated also as F3 MOM16-A1 (F3) and Sequence ID No.: 2 is 18 bp long backward primer with the sequence AGGTCTACCAGAACGCCG, designated also as B3 MOM16-A2 (B3).
- Sequence ID No.: 3 is 40 bp long forward primer with the sequence ATCCGCTGCCAGTCGTCTTCGATACCTGTTGT CCGGTCTG, designated also as FIP MOM16-A3 (FIP) and Sequence ID No.: 4 is 39 bp long backward primer with the sequence TGCCACAGC GTGTCATAGGTGCCACGTACAAGGCCTTCG, designated also as BIP MOM16-A4 (BIP).
- FIP MOM16-A3 FIP MOM16-A3
- BIP BIP MOM16-A4
- Sequence ID No.: 5 is 23 bp long forward primer with the sequence CCATTGTGCAAGGTGAACTGAGC, designated also as LF MOM16-A5 (LF) and Sequence ID No.: 6 is 20 bp long backward primer with the sequence TTGCG ATAGGCCTGGTCCCA, designated also as LB MOM16-A6 (LB).
- LF LF MOM16-A5
- LB LB MOM16-A6
- Further invention consists of a kit comprising the novel primer sequences 1-6 along with 10X isothermal amplification buffer, 10 mM dNTPs, 8 U/ ⁇ l Bst polymerase, 2 mM HNB dye, 5 U/ ⁇ l UDG enzyme and distilled water, wherein the primers are in 10 mM working stock concentrations each for Seq. ID. No.: 3 or FIP and Seq. ID. No.: 4 or BIP, and 1.6 mM working concentrations; 5 mM working stock concentrations and working concentrations of Seq. ID No.: 1 or F3, Seq. ID No.: 2 or B3, Seq. ID No.: 5 or LF and Seq. ID No.: 6 or LB.
- the method using the kit is a method of isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria through employing 1.6 ⁇ l of 1.6 mM of FIP of Sequence ID No.: 3; 1.6 ⁇ l of 1.6 mM of BIP of Sequence ID No.: 4; 0.4 ⁇ l of 5 mM of F3 of Sequence ID No.: 1; 0.4 ⁇ l of 5 mM of B3 of Sequence ID No.: 2; 0.4 ⁇ l of 8 U / ⁇ l of Bst polymerase; 0.01 ⁇ l of 5 U/ ⁇ l of UDG enzyme; 0.6 ⁇ l of 2 mM of Hydroxy Naphthol Blue (HNB) dye; 1.4 ⁇ l of 10 mM of dNTPs; 1 ⁇ l of 10 X isothermal amplification buffer; along with 0.6 ⁇ l of distilled water. Further, 0.4 ⁇ l
- the crux of the invention lies in the novel primer sequences, as well as the method of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, however not limited in detection of tuberculosis, the disease. Therefore, the detection of the causal organism of disease without limiting to the detection of disease through the novel primer sequences 1-4, more specifically novel primer sequence sets 1-6 is the crux of the invention, which may never be considered a method of diagnosis.
- Figure 1 Characteristic peak at 510-540 nm excitation of amplified reaction mixture while 0.5X or IX SyBr green dye is added directly to the reaction for the detection of amplification as an alternate protocol.
- Figure 2 & 3 No other excitation wavelength this characteristic peak of Figure 1 appears
- Figure 4 Data showing that when samples are scanned at 520-538 nm emission spectra after exciting at 300 nm, only amplified samples are detected.
- Figure 6 & 7 The samples at 300 nm and emission detection at 520 nm, wherein it shows positive samples in ash colour and negatives in black colour.
- a process for invention to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of this invention relates to a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- an inventive assay In accordance with this invention, is provided an inventive assay.
- LAMP Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification
- the current inventive assay is a method incorporating 6 primers from Sequence ID No.: 1 - 6 (F3 MOM16 Al, B3 MOM 16 A2, FIP MOM 16 A3, BIP MOM 16 A4, LF MOM 16 A5 and LB MOM 16 A6) to mpt64 region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis like H37RV genome.
- the last two primers under Sequence ID No.: 5 and 6 (LF MOM 16 A5 and LB MOM 16 A5) are optional to enhance specificity of the reaction.
- LF MOM 16 A5 and LB MOM 16 A5 are optional to enhance specificity of the reaction.
- the inventive primers are summarized in Table 1 which includes inner and outer primer sets.
- A“master mix” is typically formulated to contain all the necessary primers and reagents.
- An example of “master mix” formulation is illustrated in Table 3.
- Amplified DNA is detected using two methods. Hydroxy Naphthol Blue (HNB) dye is a metal indicator which complex with Mg 2+ ions in the reaction mixture gives violet colour and after the DNA amplification Mg 2+ binds with the released pyrophosphate and the free HNB gives light blue colour which indicates the DNA amplification.
- HNB Hydroxy Naphthol Blue
- Another method of detection using DNA intercalating dye called SyBr green which fluorescence up on UV illumination. Since higher concentration (10X) of SyBr green can adversely affect the reaction, it can only be added after the reaction.
- 0.5X or IX SyBr green dye may be added directly to the reaction and amplification can be detected.
- This invention claims that there is a specific emission spectrum when the amplified reaction mixture was excited at 300 nm. A characteristic peak at 510-540 nm (Fig. 1). No other excitation wavelength this characteristic peak appears (Fig. 2 and 3). This helps in detecting the amplification a high specificity.
- Length of region amplified (5’ F2- 5'B2) l27bp (desired: 120 - 160 bases)
- Length of portion that forms loop (5’ F2- 5’Flc) 47bp (desired: 40 - 60 bases)
- Distance between F2 and F3 (3’F3-5’F2) 18 bp (desired: 0 - 60 bases)
- the invention is directed to the modified procedure aimed at a faster point-of-care detection of tuberculosis. This would be a very cost-effective procedure requiring minimum instruments and facilities compare to the already available conventional techniques.
- Novel primers specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis targeting mpt64 gene have been designed.
- the resulting amplicons in the positive samples were visualized using SYBR green entrapped onto the cap of the reaction tube using agar or the pre-addition of non-fluorescent metal ion indicator Hydroxy naphthol blue in the LAMP reaction. Combining these two detection methods can enhance the detection of positive amplification in the LAMP assay.
- the reaction can be set up at 68-72°C, in a regular laboratory water bath or a dry-bath.
- the assay has a detection limit of 10-50 copies of DNA within the incubation time of 30-60 min. This diagnostic kit allows faster detection of tuberculosis in remote settings were limited technical resources are available.
- the technique can be used in any infectious disease detection. Only thing one need to change the primers.
- the primers are specific for tuberculosis, but the detection method could be applied for any of the LAMP detection. In fact, the standardization for the detection of HPV using the same technique by changing the primers may be done.
- novel primers are used for the first time for Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection in LAMP. Hence there is claim for that also.
- Example 1 Designing a Kit for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis :
- a kit may be designed with the following components, with the novel primers as standard essential components.
- the synergy in the below mentioned kit may be proved through experimental results as disclosed.
- the volume of reaction could be enhanced to 20 ⁇ l by changing the reagent volume accordingly.
- the LF MOM 16-A5 i.e. Sequence ID No.: 5 and LB MOM16-A6 under Sequence ID No.: 6 are only used to enhance the specificity of the reaction undertaken with the help of these primers.
- a method of isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria through employing 1.6 ⁇ l of 1.6 mM of FIP of Sequence ID No.: 3, 1.6 ⁇ l of 1.6 mM of BIP of Sequence ID No.: 4, 0.4 ⁇ l of 5 mM of F3 of Sequence ID No.: 1, 0.4 ⁇ l of 5 mM of B3 of Sequence ID No.: 2, 0.4 ⁇ l of 8 U / ⁇ l of Bst polymerase, 0.01 ⁇ l of 5 U/ ⁇ l of UDG enzyme, 0.8 ⁇ l of 10 X of SyBr green dye, 1.4 ⁇ l of 10 mM of dNTPs, 1 ⁇ l of 10 X isothermal amplification buffer, along with 0.6 ⁇ l of distilled water, as also deliberated vide Table 2.
- a modified process of isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene present in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in which the reaction mixture tube with trapped DNA intercalating dye SyBr green with agar on the cap of the tube containing novel primers for amplification and metal indicator dye for the detection.
- SyBr green trapped on the cap of the tube with agar to prevent cross contamination after the reaction and not to inhibit the process during the reaction, which included isothermal amplification buffer, strand displacement enzyme, salts and dinucleotides.
- the reaction tubes are exposed to 90 °C -95 °C for some time, which allows the agar to melt and SyBr green reacts with reaction mixture and fluorescence is obtained.
- the standard LAMP procedure is conducted with the novel primers to obtain the data deliberated in figures for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from any sample.
- the obtained data shows that when samples are scanned at 520-538 nm emission spectra after exciting at 300 nm, only amplified samples are detected. LAMP results in no false positive result and proved to be highly accurate while comparing with existing techniques such as Smear Test, Gene amplification using GeneXpert, Line Probe Assay.
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Abstract
The present invention discloses and claims novel and inventive primers for isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for the ultimate identification of said bacteria in any reaction mixture comprising Seq. ID. No.: 1-6, along with a kit comprising said primers along with other reaction mixtures. Seq. ID. No.: 5 and 6 may be employed for enhanced specificity in LAMP reaction.
Description
PRIMERS FOR ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION OF MPT64 GENE OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS AND THE PROCESS THEREOF
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific novel primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, along with detecting a definite wavelength of excitation of amplified reaction showing a characteristic peak at a specific emission wavelength, which enables faster detection of amplification.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ARTS OF THE INVENTION
The most prevailing mode of diagnosis of TB in resource poor countries is using histological stains on expectorated samples from phlegm (sputum) and observed under a microscope. The detection level of this technique is only 50% because of low specificity (Kumar V et. al, (2007). Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). Saunders Elsevier, pp. 516-522. ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1). The common acid-fast staining techniques employed is Ziehl-Neelsen stain and the Kinyoun stain, in which dye acid-fast bacilli in bright red that stands out against a blue background (Medical Laboratory Science: Theory and Practice. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill. 2000. p. 473. ISBN 0-07-463223-X). Patients with TB is diagnosed using chest X-rays because they develop focal opacity in pulmonary regions which corresponds to active tuberculosis infection (Tara M Catanzano, MD Bay state (2016J, Primary Tuberculosis Imaging, Medical Center, Medscapejadiology).
Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a recently developed molecular technique that amplifies nucleic acid under isothermal conditions and it was designed to overcome the disadvantages of PCR. Detection of the amplified product can be visualized by naked eye by measuring the turbidity (Mori Y et. al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Common. (2001) 289 (1): 150-4.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has been developed and described in the literature by Tomotada Iwamoto et. al, (Journal of clinical microbiology. 41 (6): 2616-2622
(2003)). However, the Tomotada Iwamoto et. al, reported issues such as sample preparation, nucleic acid extraction, and cross-contamination controls.
Point-of-care diagnostic devices are critical to obtain rapid information crucial for the physicians to provide effective patient care. Infectious diseases like tuberculosis, gene amplification devices found to more rapid and sensitive thus eliminating time consuming pathogen culture. There are different gene amplification methods including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), strand displacement amplification (SDA), ligase chain reaction (LCR), and transcription mediated amplification (TCA). See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,683,195; 4,629,689; 5,427,930; 5,339,491; and 5,409,818. However, all these methods require expensive equipment as well as a series of enzymes which are sensitive to temperature.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) happens at a single temperature thus eliminating expensive equipment such as thermocyclers. Notomi et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 28:E63 (2000); U.S. Pat. No. 6,410,2778. The method allows amplification of target gene, using four or six different primers, Bst DNA polymerase, and substrates. High specificity in amplification of the target gene was found under isothermal conditions (70 to 72° C). The amplified product is then determined by visual assessment of the turbidity or fluorescence of the reaction mixture, which is kept in the reaction tube. Mori et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 289:150-54 (2001). Because of its fast, and specific amplification of small amounts of target DNA from patient samples, LAMP has been considered as an efficient tool for the rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases.
However, the usefulness of LAMP remains limited because of its high efficiency amplification and possibility to contaminate the next reaction if the tubes need to be opened for sensitive analysis of the amplification. This limited the detection of amplification by visual methods. There are tools like turbidimetric measurement were done to increase sensitivity of detection Mori et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 289:150-54 (2001). The efficiency of detection seems to be the major
bottle neck in LAMP. A machine-based detection will avoid personal bias in clinical practice and will allow more rapid diagnosis of multiple samples.
One of the most challenging aspects of tuberculosis (TB) control is early diagnosis. There are several unmet needs in TB diagnosis: necessity for accurate and rapid technique which is affordable; simple and able to generate same-day result at point of care (POC). The current techniques like smear microscopy, Xpert MT RIF assay and TB liparabinomannan antigen test, however, do not fulfil the above requirements. It is essential to develop and roll-out POC test for TB to prevent the disease.
OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION:
It is therefore an object of this invention to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Another object of this invention to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which allows a fast and accurate detection of the disease.
Yet another object of this invention is to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which has a sensitivity of >95 of smear positive and specific >9S compare to gene Xpert or culture.
Still another object of this invention is to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whereby the test can be conducted with single patient-health-care contact, preferably less than 1 hour) that enables treatment initiation.
Further object of this invention is to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is fast and cost-effective.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the ensuing description.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention underlying this instant application discloses and claims novel and inventive primers for isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria in any reaction mixture comprising Seq. ID. No.: 1-6. The Sequence ID No.: 1 is 18 bp long forward primer with the sequence AATTCACCGGGTCCAAGC, designated also as F3 MOM16-A1 (F3) and Sequence ID No.: 2 is 18 bp long backward primer with the sequence AGGTCTACCAGAACGCCG, designated also as B3 MOM16-A2 (B3). The Sequence ID No.: 3 is 40 bp long forward primer with the sequence ATCCGCTGCCAGTCGTCTTCGATACCTGTTGT CCGGTCTG, designated also as FIP MOM16-A3 (FIP) and Sequence ID No.: 4 is 39 bp long backward primer with the sequence TGCCACAGC GTGTCATAGGTGCCACGTACAAGGCCTTCG, designated also as BIP MOM16-A4 (BIP). Further, the optionally includable Sequence ID No.: 5 is 23 bp long forward primer with the sequence CCATTGTGCAAGGTGAACTGAGC, designated also as LF MOM16-A5 (LF) and Sequence ID No.: 6 is 20 bp long backward primer with the sequence TTGCG ATAGGCCTGGTCCCA, designated also as LB MOM16-A6 (LB).
Further invention consists of a kit comprising the novel primer sequences 1-6 along with 10X isothermal amplification buffer, 10 mM dNTPs, 8 U/ μl Bst polymerase, 2 mM HNB dye, 5 U/ μl UDG enzyme and distilled water, wherein the primers are in 10 mM working stock concentrations each for Seq. ID. No.: 3 or FIP and Seq. ID. No.: 4 or BIP, and 1.6 mM working concentrations; 5 mM
working stock concentrations and working concentrations of Seq. ID No.: 1 or F3, Seq. ID No.: 2 or B3, Seq. ID No.: 5 or LF and Seq. ID No.: 6 or LB.
The method using the kit is a method of isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria through employing 1.6 μl of 1.6 mM of FIP of Sequence ID No.: 3; 1.6 μl of 1.6 mM of BIP of Sequence ID No.: 4; 0.4 μl of 5 mM of F3 of Sequence ID No.: 1; 0.4 μl of 5 mM of B3 of Sequence ID No.: 2; 0.4 μl of 8 U / μl of Bst polymerase; 0.01 μl of 5 U/ μl of UDG enzyme; 0.6 μl of 2 mM of Hydroxy Naphthol Blue (HNB) dye; 1.4 μl of 10 mM of dNTPs; 1 μl of 10 X isothermal amplification buffer; along with 0.6 μl of distilled water. Further, 0.4 μl of 5 mM of LF of Sequence ID No.: 5, and 0.4 μl of 5 mM of LB of Sequence ID No.: 6 is optionally added for enhanced specificity.
While going through this invention disclosure, it may be noted that the crux of the invention lies in the novel primer sequences, as well as the method of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, however not limited in detection of tuberculosis, the disease. Therefore, the detection of the causal organism of disease without limiting to the detection of disease through the novel primer sequences 1-4, more specifically novel primer sequence sets 1-6 is the crux of the invention, which may never be considered a method of diagnosis.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings accompanying this specification: -
Figure 1: Characteristic peak at 510-540 nm excitation of amplified reaction mixture while 0.5X or IX SyBr green dye is added directly to the reaction for the detection of amplification as an alternate protocol.
Figure 2 & 3 : No other excitation wavelength this characteristic peak of Figure 1 appears
Figure 4: Data showing that when samples are scanned at 520-538 nm emission spectra after exciting at 300 nm, only amplified samples are detected.
Figure 5: LAMP results in no false positive result and proved to be highly accurate while comparing with existing techniques such as Smear Test, Gene amplification using GeneXpert, Line Probe Assay.
Figure 6 & 7: The samples at 300 nm and emission detection at 520 nm, wherein it shows positive samples in ash colour and negatives in black colour.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
At the very outset of the detailed description, it may be understood that the ensuing description only illustrates a form of this invention. However, such a form is only exemplary embodiment, and without intending to imply any limitation on the scope of this invention. Accordingly, the description is to be understood as an exemplary embodiment and teaching of invention and not intended to be taken restrictively.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the phrases “comprise” and“contain” and variations of them mean“including but not limited to”, and are not intended to exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps. Thus, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. Wherever there is an indefinite article used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.
Features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in conjunction with an aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any
combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings or any parts thereof, or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed. The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or before this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference. Post filing patents, original peer reviewed research paper may be published.
The following descriptions of embodiments and examples are offered by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
Unless contraindicated or noted otherwise, throughout this specification, the terms “a” and“an” mean one or more, and the term“or” means and / or.
Thus, according to this invention is provided a process for invention to propose a process for the isothermal amplification of this invention relates to a process for the isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene using specific primers for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
In accordance with this invention, is provided an inventive assay. To standardize the preferred embodiment method of Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay, ampicillin resistant gene of pBS (pBluescript) is used. Primers used for standardization is depicted in Table 1.
The current inventive assay is a method incorporating 6 primers from Sequence ID No.: 1 - 6 (F3 MOM16 Al, B3 MOM 16 A2, FIP MOM 16 A3, BIP MOM 16 A4, LF MOM 16 A5 and LB MOM 16 A6) to mpt64 region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis like H37RV genome. The last two primers under Sequence ID No.: 5 and 6 (LF MOM 16 A5 and LB MOM 16 A5) are optional to enhance specificity of the reaction. Here after all these primers are mentioned as F3, B3, FIP, BIP, LF
and LB. The inventive primers are summarized in Table 1 which includes inner and outer primer sets. A“master mix” is typically formulated to contain all the necessary primers and reagents. An example of “master mix” formulation is illustrated in Table 3. Amplified DNA is detected using two methods. Hydroxy Naphthol Blue (HNB) dye is a metal indicator which complex with Mg2+ ions in the reaction mixture gives violet colour and after the DNA amplification Mg2+ binds with the released pyrophosphate and the free HNB gives light blue colour which indicates the DNA amplification. Another method of detection using DNA intercalating dye called SyBr green which fluorescence up on UV illumination. Since higher concentration (10X) of SyBr green can adversely affect the reaction, it can only be added after the reaction. Exposing the tubes after amplification is not recommended due to carry over contamination, therefore 10X SyBr green dye is trapped on the cap of the tube with 2% agar before starting the reaction. To stop the activity of the enzyme, the reaction mixture is heated up to 95°C and at that subsequent temperature agar on the cap melts and dye reacts with the amplified DNA. The tubes are then exposed to the UV light and amplified DNA sample showed green fluorescence and no fluorescence in non-template control. The amount of time necessary to obtain the result is less than 45 min. Furthermore, the investment in equipment was considerably less for LAMP.
As an alternate protocol, 0.5X or IX SyBr green dye may be added directly to the reaction and amplification can be detected. This invention claims that there is a specific emission spectrum when the amplified reaction mixture was excited at 300 nm. A characteristic peak at 510-540 nm (Fig. 1). No other excitation wavelength this characteristic peak appears (Fig. 2 and 3). This helps in detecting the amplification a high specificity.
The >gi|4488l4763:2223343-2224029 Mycobacterium tuberculosis like H37Rv, complete genome has also been disclosed in separate page in the manner as prescribed.
While going through this invention disclosure, it may be noted that the crux of the invention lies in the novel primer sequences, as well as the method of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, however not limited in detection of tuberculosis, the disease. Therefore, the detection of the causal organism of disease without limiting to the detection of disease through the novel primer sequences 1-4, more specifically novel primer sequence sets 1-6 is the crux of the invention, which may never be considered a method of diagnosis.
Table 1:
LAMP primers for mpt64 gene (687 bp) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis like H37Rv
Length of region amplified (5’ F2- 5'B2) = l27bp (desired: 120 - 160 bases) Length of portion that forms loop (5’ F2- 5’Flc) = 47bp (desired: 40 - 60 bases) Distance between F2 and F3 (3’F3-5’F2) = 18 bp (desired: 0 - 60 bases)
The invention is directed to the modified procedure aimed at a faster point-of-care detection of tuberculosis. This would be a very cost-effective procedure requiring
minimum instruments and facilities compare to the already available conventional techniques. Novel primers specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis targeting mpt64 gene have been designed. The resulting amplicons in the positive samples were visualized using SYBR green entrapped onto the cap of the reaction tube using agar or the pre-addition of non-fluorescent metal ion indicator Hydroxy naphthol blue in the LAMP reaction. Combining these two detection methods can enhance the detection of positive amplification in the LAMP assay. The reaction can be set up at 68-72°C, in a regular laboratory water bath or a dry-bath. The assay has a detection limit of 10-50 copies of DNA within the incubation time of 30-60 min. This diagnostic kit allows faster detection of tuberculosis in remote settings were limited technical resources are available.
The technique can be used in any infectious disease detection. Only thing one need to change the primers. The primers are specific for tuberculosis, but the detection method could be applied for any of the LAMP detection. In fact, the standardization for the detection of HPV using the same technique by changing the primers may be done.
These novel primers are used for the first time for Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection in LAMP. Hence there is claim for that also. The novel UV based detection of amplification at specific wavelength at 520 nm when excited the reaction solution at 300 nm, which can be used in any of the LAMP based detection.
The present formulation is further clarified by giving the following exhibits. It must, however, be understood that these exhibits are only illustrative in nature and should not be taken as limitations to the capacity of the invention. Several amendments and improvements to the disclosed segments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Thus, these amendments and improvements may be made without deviating from the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
Designing a Kit for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis :
For the facilitation of detection, a kit may be designed with the following components, with the novel primers as standard essential components. The synergy in the below mentioned kit may be proved through experimental results as disclosed.
Table 2
Master Mix in a Kit:
The volume of reaction could be enhanced to 20 μl by changing the reagent volume accordingly.
The LF MOM 16-A5 i.e. Sequence ID No.: 5 and LB MOM16-A6 under Sequence ID No.: 6 are only used to enhance the specificity of the reaction undertaken with the help of these primers.
Example 2:
A method of isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria through employing 1.6 μl of 1.6 mM of FIP of Sequence ID No.: 3, 1.6 μl of 1.6 mM of BIP of Sequence ID No.: 4, 0.4 μl of 5 mM of F3 of Sequence ID No.: 1, 0.4 μl of 5 mM of B3 of Sequence ID No.: 2, 0.4 μl of 8 U / μl of Bst polymerase, 0.01 μl of 5 U/ μl of UDG enzyme, 0.8 μl of 10 X of SyBr green dye, 1.4 μl of 10 mM of dNTPs, 1 μl of 10 X isothermal amplification buffer, along with 0.6 μl of distilled water, as also deliberated vide Table 2.
Thus, a modified process of isothermal amplification of mpt64 gene present in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in which the reaction mixture tube with trapped DNA intercalating dye SyBr green with agar on the cap of the tube containing novel primers for amplification and metal indicator dye for the detection. SyBr green trapped on the cap of the tube with agar to prevent cross contamination after the reaction and not to inhibit the process during the reaction, which included isothermal amplification buffer, strand displacement enzyme, salts and dinucleotides. At the end of the reaction, the reaction tubes are exposed to 90 °C -95 °C for some time, which allows the agar to melt and SyBr green reacts with reaction mixture and fluorescence is obtained.
The standard LAMP procedure is conducted with the novel primers to obtain the data deliberated in figures for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from any sample.
The obtained data shows that when samples are scanned at 520-538 nm emission spectra after exciting at 300 nm, only amplified samples are detected.
LAMP results in no false positive result and proved to be highly accurate while comparing with existing techniques such as Smear Test, Gene amplification using GeneXpert, Line Probe Assay.
Now, the crux of the invention is claimed implicitly and explicitly through the following claims.
Claims
1. Primers for isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria in any reaction mixture comprising Seq. ID. No.: 1-6.
2. The primers as claimed in claim 1, wherein Sequence ID No.: 1 is 18 bp long forward primer with the sequence AATTCACCGGGTCCAAGC, designated also as F3 MOM16-A1 and Sequence ID No.: 2 is 18 bp long backward primer with the sequence AGGTCTACCAGAACGCCG, designated also as B3 MOM16-A2.
3. The primers as claimed in claim 1, wherein Sequence ID No.: 3 is 40 bp long forward primer with the sequence ATCCGCTGCCAGTCGT CTTCGATACCTGTTGTCCGGTCTG, designated also as FIP MOMM AS and Sequence ID No.: 4 is 39 bp long backward primer with the sequence TGCCACAGCGTGTCATAGGTGCCACGTACAAGGCCTT CG, designated also as BIP MOM16-A4.
4. The primers as claimed in claim 1, wherein Sequence ID No.: 5 is 23 bp long forward primer with the sequence CCATTGTGCAAGGT GAACTGAGC, designated also as LF MOM16-A5 and Sequence ID No.: 6 is 20 bp long backward primer with the sequence TTGCG ATAGGCCTGGTCCCA, designated also as LB MOM16-A6.
5. A kit comprising the novel primer sequences 1-6 along with 10X isothermal amplification buffer, 10 mM dNTPs, 8 U/ μl Bst polymerase, 2 mM HNB dye, 5 U/ μl UDG enzyme and distilled water, wherein the primers are in 10 mM working stock concentrations each for Seq. ID. No.: 3 or FIP and Seq. ID. No.: 4 or BIP, and 1.6 mM working concentrations; 5 mM working stock concentrations and working concentrations of Seq. ID No.: 1 or F3, Seq. ID No.: 2 or B3, Seq. ID No.: 5 or LF and Seq. ID No.: 6 or LB.
6. A method of isothermal amplification of 687 bp long mpt64 gene of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis for detection of said bacteria through employing 1.6 μl of 1.6 mM of FIP of Sequence ID No.: 3; 1.6 μl of 1.6 mM of BIP of Sequence ID No.: 4; 0.4 μl of 5 mM of F3 of Sequence ID No.: 1; 0.4 μl of 5 mM of B3 of Sequence ID No.: 2; 0.4 μl of 8 U / μl of Bst polymerase; 0.01 μl of 5 U / μl of UDG enzyme; 0.8 μl of 10 X of SyBr green dye; 1.4 μl of 10 mM of dNTPs; 1 μl of 10 X isothermal amplification buffer; along with 0.6 μl of distilled water.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein 0.4 μl of 5 mM of LF of Sequence ID No.: 5, and 0.4 μl of 5 mM of LB of Sequence ID No.: 6 is optionally added for enhanced specificity.
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