WO2019116124A4 - Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials - Google Patents

Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019116124A4
WO2019116124A4 PCT/IB2018/059056 IB2018059056W WO2019116124A4 WO 2019116124 A4 WO2019116124 A4 WO 2019116124A4 IB 2018059056 W IB2018059056 W IB 2018059056W WO 2019116124 A4 WO2019116124 A4 WO 2019116124A4
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retarder
geopolymer composition
fly ash
barium
solution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2018/059056
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2019116124A1 (en
Inventor
Weiliang Gong
Hui Xu
Werner Lutze
Ian L. Pegg
Original Assignee
The Catholic University Of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP18889139.4A priority Critical patent/EP3724145A4/en
Priority to CN201880081079.1A priority patent/CN111511699A/en
Priority to CA3084903A priority patent/CA3084903A1/en
Priority to AU2018383125A priority patent/AU2018383125B2/en
Priority to KR1020207019996A priority patent/KR20200089335A/en
Priority to JP2020531686A priority patent/JP7296135B2/en
Application filed by The Catholic University Of America filed Critical The Catholic University Of America
Priority to BR112020011832-0A priority patent/BR112020011832B1/en
Priority to RU2020122769A priority patent/RU2795134C2/en
Priority to MX2020006076A priority patent/MX2020006076A/en
Publication of WO2019116124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019116124A1/en
Publication of WO2019116124A4 publication Critical patent/WO2019116124A4/en
Priority to JP2023010132A priority patent/JP2023052648A/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
    • C04B12/005—Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/041—Aluminium silicates other than clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/10—Clay
    • C04B14/106—Kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
    • C04B18/141—Slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
    • C04B20/008—Micro- or nanosized fillers, e.g. micronised fillers with particle size smaller than that of the hydraulic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
    • C04B22/124—Chlorides of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. calcium chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0004—Compounds chosen for the nature of their cations
    • C04B2103/001—Alkaline earth metal or Mg-compounds
    • C04B2103/0011—Ba
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/20—Retarders
    • C04B2103/22—Set retarders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a geopolymer composition having a controllable setting time comprising: at least one reactive aluminosilicate; at least one retarder; and at least one alkali silicate activator solution.

Claims

1 AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 21 June 2019 (21.06.2019)
1. A geopolymer composition having a controllable setting time comprising:
at least one reactive aluminosilicate;
at least one retarder; and
at least one alkali silicate activator solution, wherein the at least one retarder is a soluble metal salt that hydrolyzes in the alkaline solution and co-precipitates silicate species present in the alkali silicate activator solution.
2. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises Low-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA) and blast furnace slag (BFS).
3. The geopolymer composition of claim 2, wherein the Low-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA) is fly ash which comprises less than or equal to about 8 wt.% of calcium oxide.
4. The geopolymer composition of claim 3, wherein the fly ash contains at least 65 wt.% amorphous aluminosilicate phase.
5. The geopolymer composition of claim 3, wherein the fly ash has a mean particle diameter of one of: 60 pm or less, 50 pm or less, 45 pm or less and 30 pm or less.
6. The geopolymer composition of claim 2, wherein the Low-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA) has a Loss On Ignition (LOI) less than or equal to 5%.
7. The geopolymer composition of claim 2, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate further comprises metakaolin (MK).
8. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises at least one High-Ca aluminosilicate selected from the group: High-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA), Class C fly ash (CFA), blast furnace slag (BFS), vitreous calcium silicate (VCAS), bottom ash, and clinker kiln dust (CKD).
9. The geopolymer composition of claim 8, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate further comprises metakaolin (MK). 2
10. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises blast furnace slag (BFS) and metakaolin (MK).
11. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises Class C fly ash (CFA) and metakaolin (MK).
12. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the alkali silicate activator solution comprises metal hydroxides and metal silicates and wherein the metal is potassium, sodium or combinations of both.
13. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the metal salt is selected from the group: barium chloride anhydrous, barium chloride dihydrate, barium nitrate, barium nitrite, barium metaborate monohydrate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, lead chloride, lead nitrate, strontium chloride, strontium nitrate, and strontium sulfate.
14. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one retarder is selected from the group: barium chloride anhydrous, barium chloride dihydrate, barium nitrate, barium nitrite, and barium metaborate monohydrate.
15. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one retarder is used in the amount of about 0.1 to about 10% BWOB and more preferably from about 0.25 to about 5 wt.% BWOB.
16. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the geopolymer composition further comprises at least one aggregate.
17. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the geopolymer composition further comprises at least one micron- or sub-micron filler.
18. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one retarder is dissolved in water and combined with the at least one alkali silicate activator solution before mixing with other ingredients to manufacture geopolymer products.
19. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one retarder is dissolved in water to form a retarder solution, and wherein the retarder solution is added together with the at least one alkali silicate activator solution at the time of mixing with other ingredients to manufacture geopolymer products. 3
20. The geopolymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one retarder is dissolved in water to form a retarder solution, and wherein the retarder solution is added after mixing the activator solution with dry ingredients.
21. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein an initial setting time is from about 25 minutes to about 24 hours.
22. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein an initial setting time is from about 45 minutes to about 180 minutes.
23. The geopolymer composition of claim 1, wherein an initial setting time is from about 90 minutes to about 360 minutes.
24. A method of making a geopolymer composition having a controllable setting time comprising:
combining at least one reactive aluminosilicate, at least one retarder and at least one alkali silicate activator solution, wherein the retarder comprises a retarder solution made by dissolving a soluble metal salt in water.
25. The method of claim 25, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises Low-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA) and blast furnace slag (BFS).
26. The method of claim 26, wherein, the Low-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA) is fly ash which comprises less than or equal to about 8 wt.% of calcium oxide.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate further comprises metakaolin (MK).
28. The method of claim 25, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises at least one High-Ca aluminosilicate selected from the group: High-Ca Class F fly ash (FFA), Class C fly ash (CFA), blast furnace slag (BFS), vitreous calcium silicate (VCAS), bottom ash, and clinker kiln dust (CKD).
29. The method of claim 29, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate further comprises metakaolin (MK). 4
30. The method of claim 25, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises blast furnace slag (BFS) and metakaolin (MK).
31. The method of claim 25, wherein the at least one reactive aluminosilicate comprises Class C fly ash (CFA) and metakaolin (MK).
32. The method of claim 25, wherein the soluble metals salt is selected from one of barium chloride, barium chloride dehydrate, barium nitrate, barium nitrite, barium metaborate monohydrate, barium nitrate hydrate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, strontium chloride, strontium nitrate and strontium sulfate.
33. The method of claim 25, wherein the retarder solution is mixed with the alkali silicate activator solution before mixing with all other ingredients.
34. The method of claim 25, wherein the retarder solution and the alkali silicate activator solution are added separately at the time when mixing with all other ingredients.
35. The method of claim 25, wherein the retarder solution is mixed with the alkali silicate activator solution for one of approximately 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 24 hours before mixing with all other ingredients.

5

STATEMENT UNDER ARTICLE 19(1)

Amendments to claim 1 recite, inter alia, wherein the at least one retarder is a a soluble metal salt. Amendments to claim 25 recite, inter alia, wherein the retarder comprises a retarder solution made by dissolving a soluble metal salt in water. The filed specification outlines failures/limitations of the prior art for failing to properly control the setting time by using a set retarder in successful applications of geopolymer materials.1 The filed specification discloses embodiments that provide a new method using metal salts to retard set times of alkali activated materials or geopolymers. Amendments to claims 1 and 25 are implemented to embody the aforementioned novel features.

Should the reviewer feel that there are any issues outstanding after consideration of this response; the reviewer is invited to contact Ajay A. Jagtiani at (001) 703-635-3005 to expedite prosecution of the application.

PCT/IB2018/059056 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials WO2019116124A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880081079.1A CN111511699A (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of setting time of geopolymer compositions containing high calcium reactive aluminosilicate materials
CA3084903A CA3084903A1 (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials
AU2018383125A AU2018383125B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing High-Ca reactive aluminosilicate materials
KR1020207019996A KR20200089335A (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of setting time of geopolymer compositions containing high-CA reactive aluminosilicate materials
JP2020531686A JP7296135B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Controlling curing time of geopolymer compositions containing high CA reactive aluminosilicate materials
EP18889139.4A EP3724145A4 (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials
BR112020011832-0A BR112020011832B1 (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITION HAVING A CONTROLLABLE SETTING TIME AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME
RU2020122769A RU2795134C2 (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of setting time of geopolymer compositions containing reactive aluminosilicate materials characterized by high ca content
MX2020006076A MX2020006076A (en) 2017-12-15 2018-11-16 Control of time of setting of geopolymer compositions containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials.
JP2023010132A JP2023052648A (en) 2017-12-15 2023-01-26 Control of setting time of geopolymer composition containing high-ca reactive aluminosilicate materials

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762599068P 2017-12-15 2017-12-15
US62/599,068 2017-12-15
US201862703295P 2018-07-25 2018-07-25
US62/703,295 2018-07-25
US201862721021P 2018-08-22 2018-08-22
US62/721,021 2018-08-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019116124A1 WO2019116124A1 (en) 2019-06-20
WO2019116124A4 true WO2019116124A4 (en) 2019-08-08

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JP (2) JP7296135B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20200089335A (en)
CN (1) CN111511699A (en)
AU (1) AU2018383125B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112020011832B1 (en)
CA (1) CA3084903A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2020006076A (en)
WO (1) WO2019116124A1 (en)

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JP2021187693A (en) * 2020-05-27 2021-12-13 株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド Hardening aid solution, self hardening material and hardened body, and method of producing the same
NL2028226B1 (en) * 2021-05-17 2022-12-02 Univ Delft Tech Self-compacting alkali-activated concrete for prefabricated production
CN115872645A (en) * 2021-08-18 2023-03-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Gradient-cured geopolymer and preparation method and application thereof
FR3133393A1 (en) * 2022-03-10 2023-09-15 Chryso Composition of hydraulic binder for blast furnace slag
CN116283102A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-06-23 华中科技大学 Method for regulating and controlling geopolymer coagulation time by using magnesium ions
FR3147562A1 (en) * 2023-04-07 2024-10-11 Universite De Limoges COMPOSITION FOR THE FORMATION OF A GEOPOLYMER WITH THERMAL RESISTANCE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES

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JP4677181B2 (en) * 2002-11-07 2011-04-27 土木地質株式会社 Water glass for water glass slag concrete, method for producing the same, and water glass slag concrete
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BR112020011832B1 (en) 2024-02-15
JP2023052648A (en) 2023-04-11
CA3084903A1 (en) 2019-06-20
KR20200089335A (en) 2020-07-24
MX2020006076A (en) 2020-08-24
EP3724145A4 (en) 2021-08-18
JP2021506708A (en) 2021-02-22
BR112020011832A2 (en) 2020-11-24
AU2018383125A1 (en) 2020-06-18
EP3724145A1 (en) 2020-10-21
AU2018383125B2 (en) 2024-08-01
RU2020122769A3 (en) 2022-02-04
WO2019116124A1 (en) 2019-06-20
CN111511699A (en) 2020-08-07
RU2020122769A (en) 2022-01-17
JP7296135B2 (en) 2023-06-22

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