CN108218264B - Single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime-sodium carbonate as activator - Google Patents

Single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime-sodium carbonate as activator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108218264B
CN108218264B CN201810045798.XA CN201810045798A CN108218264B CN 108218264 B CN108218264 B CN 108218264B CN 201810045798 A CN201810045798 A CN 201810045798A CN 108218264 B CN108218264 B CN 108218264B
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China
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cementing material
sodium carbonate
lime
activator
alkali
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CN201810045798.XA
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CN108218264A (en
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杨政险
辛东升
林旭健
季韬
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
    • C04B12/005—Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
    • C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
    • C04B7/1535—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with alkali metal containing activators, e.g. sodium hydroxide or waterglass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking 'lime + sodium carbonate' as an activator, which is prepared by using lime and sodium carbonate in a molar ratio of 1:1 as the activator and using a volcanic ash active material as an activated object and mixing the activated object in a dry mode. The compression strength of the cementing material is 1.2-1.3 times of that of P.O 42.5.5 cement, the cementing material can be used by directly adding water, the alkalinity of the initial mixing stage is low, the setting time is moderate, and the cementing material can be adjusted by adjusting the alkali mixing amount or the raw/hydrated lime ratio, so that the cementing material has a good engineering application prospect.

Description

Single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime-sodium carbonate as activator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic gelled building materials, and particularly relates to a single-component alkali-activated gelled material taking lime and sodium carbonate as an activator.
Background
At present, the global economy is rapidly developed, the development of the building industry is particularly rapid, and the using amount of concrete is huge, wherein the large use amount of silicate cement is more involved. The production raw materials of portland cement are mainly high-quality limestone and clay minerals, natural mineral resources need to be exploited in large quantities, the production of portland cement needs a 'two-grinding and one-burning' process, the consumption of a large amount of coal resources and power resources and the emission of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide are involved in the process, the production of portland cement greatly pollutes the environment and wastes the resources, and the problem is increasingly remarkable.
The alkali-activated cementing material is prepared from various industrial wastes with volcanic ash activity and an high-alkalinity activator, and has the remarkable characteristics of low energy consumption, reuse of the industrial wastes, low emission, excellent mechanical and durable properties and the like. However, the common activator for alkali-activated cementing materials at present is water glass, sodium hydroxide or a mixture of the water glass and the sodium hydroxide, and various problems that the activator is expensive, an alkali solution needs to be prepared separately (inconvenient to use), the high-alkali solution at the initial stage of mixing causes harm to human bodies, the setting time is too fast and the like are faced, so that the common activator is difficult to popularize in engineering for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-component alkali-activated cementing material adopting 'lime + sodium carbonate' as an activator, which has the remarkable advantages of convenient use, low alkalinity, proper and adjustable setting time, excellent mechanical property, low cost, environmental protection and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime-sodium carbonate as an activator consists of the lime-sodium carbonate as the activator and a pozzolan active material; wherein the molar ratio of the lime to the sodium carbonate is 1: 1.
The lime is quicklime, hydrated lime or a mixture of the quicklime and the hydrated lime in any molar ratio; the volcanic ash active material comprises one or more of granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, metakaolin, microcrystalline silica fume and volcanic ash.
wherein the mass percentage ratio of the excitant to the pozzolanic active material is (8 ~ 15) to (85 ~ 92).
The use method of the single-component alkali-activated cementing material comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of mixing powdery lime, sodium carbonate and a volcanic ash active material in a dry mode to obtain a single-component alkali-activated cementing material, mixing the single-component alkali-activated cementing material with river sand and the like by adding water, stirring, pouring the mixture into a mold, covering and sealing the mold with a plastic film, removing the mold after 1 day, and then maintaining until the mixture is available after a proper age.
Stirring lime and sodium carbonate activator and volcanic ash active material, adding water, stirring, and reacting lime (quicklime or slaked lime) in activator and sodium carbonate to generate high-alkalinity NaOH (the reaction formula is shown as CaO + Na)2CO3+H2O=2NaOH+CaCO3(↓) or Ca (OH)2+Na2CO3=2NaOH+CaCO3(↓)) which provides a highly basic environment to complete the excitation of the pozzolanic active material to form a C- (a) -S-H gel to give strength to the material. At the same time, calcite (i.e., CaCO) is formed3) As a hydration product, the gel not only has good self-mechanical property, but also can fill pores, has the function of crystal nucleus and can increase the generation amount of gel.
Wherein, when the white lime and the sodium carbonate are adopted as the excitant,The slaked lime directly reacts with the sodium carbonate to generate the sodium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate, and the reaction speed is high, the pH value of the pore liquid is increased quickly, the reaction period is short, and the coagulation speed is high. When the 'quicklime + sodium carbonate' is used as exciting agent, the quicklime firstly reacts with water to generate mature lime, and the hydrated lime then reacts with sodium carbonate to generate sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium carbonate (CaCO)3) The reaction speed is slow, the pH value of the pore liquid is slowly increased, the reaction period is long, and the coagulation speed is slow; the alkalinity of the mixture at the initial mixing stage is not high, and the personal injury of users is small. When the hydrated lime is used for replacing part of the quicklime, compared with the effects of using the quicklime plus sodium carbonate and the hydrated lime plus sodium carbonate, the rate of generating sodium hydroxide, the pH value increase of pore liquid, the reaction period and the condensation rate are moderate, the generated calcium carbonate crystal has excellent mechanical property, the crystal grain growth can improve the compactness of the material, and the crystal-to-gel ratio of the alkali-activated material is improved, so that the mechanical system performance and the durability of the gelled material can be improved.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) The cost is low: compared with the alkali-activated cementing material which adopts sodium hydroxide, water glass or is mixed and used as an activator, the lime and sodium carbonate activator has lower cost;
(2) single component, convenient use: mixing lime, sodium carbonate and volcanic ash active materials, and directly adding water and stirring when in use;
(3) The mixing stage is low in alkalinity: in the mixing stage, the slurry is weak in alkalinity (low in pH), does not cause great harm to the human body of a user, and is safe and reliable;
(4) the setting time is suitable and controllable: alkali equivalent (Na) of activator in single-component alkali-activated cementing material2O wt.%) is 3-5%, and the single-component alkali-activated cementing material with different mechanical properties can be obtained by adjusting the mixing amount of the exciting agent or the ratio of raw lime to hydrated lime, and the initial setting time and final setting time of the cementing material can be adjusted to be within the appropriate range of 60-200 min/100-300 min, so that the single-component alkali-activated cementing material is suitable for engineering.
(5) The performance is excellent: under the condition of the same alkali doping amount, the compressive strength of the single-component alkali-activated cementing material is 10-20% higher than that of an alkali-activated cementing material prepared by using sodium hydroxide as an activator; under the same mixing proportion, the compressive strength of the single-component alkali-activated cementing material is 1.2-1.3 times that of P.O 42.5.5 cement; the fracture-compression ratio is high, and the toughness and the crack resistance are good;
(6) Green and environment-friendly: various industrial solid wastes are fully utilized in the volcanic ash active material, resources are recycled, and the environment is protected.
Detailed Description
in order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Examples
Alkali equivalent (Na) of alkali activator in single-component alkali-activated cementing material by taking 'lime + sodium carbonate' as activator2O wt.%) 3.87 percent, and the substitution rate of the hydrated lime for the quicklime is 50 percent, namely the mass percent of each component is as follows: 6.62 percent of sodium carbonate, 1.75 percent of quicklime, 2.31 percent of slaked lime and 89.32 percent of slag.
the using method comprises the following specific steps: 1) weighing: weighing the single-component alkali-activated cementing material, river sand and the like according to the conventional dosage for later use, wherein the weighing error is not more than the designed weight value +/-1%; 2) and (3) dry mixing: adding the single-component alkali-activated cementing material, river sand and the like into stirring equipment, and fully stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniform; 3) adding water and stirring: adding water with the mass percent of 45 percent of the single-component alkali-activated cementing material into stirring equipment containing uniformly stirred powder, and then stirring until the powder is uniform; 4) pouring and maintaining: pouring the mixture into a mold, covering and sealing the mold by using a plastic film, removing the mold after 1 day, and then maintaining the mold until the mixture is at an appropriate age.
The mortar prepared from the single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime and sodium carbonate as the activator has the initial/final setting time of 71/126 min, the 28-day compressive strength of 37.2 MPa, the flexural strength of 9.88 MPa and the flexural-compression ratio of 0.27.
Comparative example 1
A single quicklime is used as an excitant, namely the components in percentage by mass are as follows: 10.68 percent of quicklime and 89.32 percent of slag, and the 28-day compressive strength of the slag is 9.1MPa and the flexural strength of the slag is 0.8 MPa.
Comparative example 2
The method adopts single hydrated lime as an excitant, namely the mass percent of each component is as follows: 10.68 percent of hydrated lime and 89.32 percent of slag, and the 28-day compressive strength of the slag is 8.4MPa, and the flexural strength of the slag is 0.7 MPa.
comparative example 3
The method adopts single sodium carbonate as an excitant, namely the mass percent of each component is as follows: 10.68 percent of sodium carbonate and 89.32 percent of slag, and the 28-day compressive strength of the slag is 14.2MPa and the flexural strength of the slag is 1.3 MPa.
As can be seen from the above, lime or sodium carbonate is singly used as an activator, and the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the obtained mortar are obviously lower than those of the mortar prepared by using lime and sodium carbonate as the activators. This is because sodium carbonate, quicklime and slaked lime are weak bases, and their slag-exciting ability is very limited, so that NaOH and CaCO cannot be formed3. The sodium carbonate, the quicklime and the hydrated lime are mixed for use to form NaOH and CaCO3(the mechanism is CaO + Ca (OH)2+2Na2CO3+H2O=4NaOH+2CaCO3(↓)). NaOH is strong alkali, so that the activity of slag can be well excited, and the strength of the single-component alkali-activated cementing material is improved. When the molar ratio of lime to sodium carbonate is 1:1, the generated NaOH is the most, so that the single-component alkali-activated cementing material can achieve the optimal strength. CaCO produced thereby3the crystal has excellent mechanical properties, the compactness of the material can be improved by the growth of crystal grains, and the crystal-gel ratio of the alkali-activated material can be improved, so that the strength of the single-component alkali-activated cementing material can be further improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime-sodium carbonate as an activator is characterized in that: the single-component alkali-activated cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.62 percent of sodium carbonate, 1.75 percent of quicklime, 2.31 percent of slaked lime and 89.32 percent of slag.
2. The one-component alkali-activated cement of claim 1, wherein: the using method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out dry mixing on powdery quicklime, slaked lime, sodium carbonate and slag to prepare a single-component alkali-activated cementing material, then mixing the single-component alkali-activated cementing material with other materials by adding water, stirring, pouring the mixture into a mold, covering and sealing the mold by using a plastic film, removing the mold after 1 day, then carrying out maintenance, and putting the mold into use after the mixture is in a proper age;
The other materials include river sand.
CN201810045798.XA 2018-01-17 2018-01-17 Single-component alkali-activated cementing material taking lime-sodium carbonate as activator Expired - Fee Related CN108218264B (en)

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CN109626939A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-04-16 北京化工大学 It is a kind of modified to enhance water-fast white lime cementitious material and preparation
CN109752245A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-05-14 安徽建筑大学 Alkali-excitation rapid evaluation method for activity of calcined coal gangue powder material
CN110294611B (en) * 2019-05-08 2021-09-24 南京工业大学 Normal-temperature weak-alkali geopolymer excited cement soil and preparation process thereof
CN111548068B (en) * 2020-05-18 2021-08-31 福州大学 Single component recycled polymer cement concrete
CN111620605A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-09-04 南京工业大学 Fiber geopolymer improved soil and preparation method thereof
CN111574168A (en) * 2020-06-18 2020-08-25 湘潭大学 Silicon-manganese water quenching slag concrete
CN112239330A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-19 兰州大学 Alkali-activated tuff cementing material and preparation method thereof

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CN1746432A (en) * 2005-10-10 2006-03-15 长安大学 Soil curing agent of road

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CN101687704A (en) * 2007-06-29 2010-03-31 全南大学校产学协力团 Alkali-activated binder with no cement, method for fabricating mortar using it, and method for fabricating alkali-activated reinforcement mortar with no cement

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CN1746432A (en) * 2005-10-10 2006-03-15 长安大学 Soil curing agent of road

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