WO2019115140A1 - Appareil pour l'alimentation en gaz de protection, le chauffage et l'alimentation en poudre ainsi que dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication additive de pièces et pièce - Google Patents

Appareil pour l'alimentation en gaz de protection, le chauffage et l'alimentation en poudre ainsi que dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication additive de pièces et pièce Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019115140A1
WO2019115140A1 PCT/EP2018/081424 EP2018081424W WO2019115140A1 WO 2019115140 A1 WO2019115140 A1 WO 2019115140A1 EP 2018081424 W EP2018081424 W EP 2018081424W WO 2019115140 A1 WO2019115140 A1 WO 2019115140A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
powder bed
protective gas
heating
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/081424
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ole Geisen
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2019115140A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019115140A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
    • B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
    • B29C64/371—Conditioning of environment using an environment other than air, e.g. inert gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/38—Housings, e.g. machine housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/63—Rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/01—Reducing atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/02—Nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/10—Inert gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2202/00—Treatment under specific physical conditions
    • B22F2202/07—Treatment under specific physical conditions by induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0811—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using induction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for inert gas supply and heating and / or powder supply for a device for the additive production of components.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for the additive production of components, comprising a construction space in which, in particular on a working platform, a powder bed for the additive construction of at least one component can be provided or be ready, an energy beam device which is designed to generate at least one energy beam, Preferably, provide several energy beams for selectively melting and / or sintering a powder bed provided in the installation space and to move the at least one energy beam via a powder bed provided in the installation space in accordance with predetermined component geometry.
  • the invention relates to a method for the additive production of components and a component.
  • the selective La melt melting (English: Selective Laser Melting - SLM) called from the powder bed.
  • This is a construction method in which successively a plurality of powder-shaped layers of material are provided one above the other and each layer is locally melted by means of one or more laser beams in accordance with a predetermined component geometry. Since so many layers are provided, and scanned in each case with at least one laser beam until the component to be produced is completed.
  • one or more laser beam (s) it is also possible to use other energy sources, such as electron beams (English: Selective Electron Beam Melting - SEBM).
  • Selective Laser Sintering - SLS selective electron beam sintering - SEBS.
  • the layer-wise construction is carried out in a well-known manner in the space defined by the interior of a production cylinder space of the device platform on a height-adjustable.
  • Means are provided for providing powder layers, which comprise a supply cylinder arranged next to the work platform with a liftable bottom and a squeegee distribution device by means of which powder can be conveyed from the storage into the production cylinder and smoothed.
  • the layers provided are scanned to obtain a component with several laser beams.
  • a auftre in the context of the additive production of components tendes problem is that during the scan plasma, debris, spatter and / or smoke generated who the.
  • the energy beam can be blocked on the one hand and thus the intensity undesirably attenuated, and on the other hand can lead to deposits in areas of a material layer that are still to scan, causing additional surface roughness and it to form layers of material uneven thickness can occur.
  • the disclosed protective gas device comprises means for movable mounting above the working platform or the powder bed. This makes it possible to carry the protective gas device with the current point of impact of the energy beam on the Pulverbett.
  • Another problem in additive manufacturing is that the energy input by the one or more meh eral energy, especially laser beams is highly local and the possibility of heat dissipation, especially in the case of powder bed is comparatively poor. Therefore, high thermal gradients can occur and it can lead to the formation of hot cracks. This problem is particularly given in the case of someone that components are made of hard to weld materials. Purely by way of example here high-temperature alloys and Ni, Co and Fe base elements are called, as they come, inter alia for running and Leitschaufein and Bren nerkomponenten of turbines used.
  • Protective gas means which are designed for supplying and in particular discharging a protective gas
  • the object is achieved in that it comprises a device according to the invention for inert gas and heating and / or powder feed to the above or in the space of Vorrich device for additive Manufacturing provided working platform or powder bed is arranged.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to provide the protective gas guide, the means for heating, which can be or may be provided by one or more induction coils, and / or the powder agents as one or in a single unit and to handle the funds together.
  • the protective gas guide the means for heating
  • the powder agents as one or in a single unit and to handle the funds together.
  • he inventive device includes both inert gas and heating and powder and these are all moved together in common, in particular procedural.
  • the inventive device and thus also with egg ner such equipped device for additive manufacturing offers a variety of benefits.
  • a negative effect ing a relative movement of the onsspulen given by Indukti given heating means relative to the protective gas in the same direction is avoided by the erfindungsge Permitted common movement.
  • these are preferably moved with the inert gas and possibly heating means, so that at the same time the next powder layer can be provided on the top of the powder bed during a scan when already a protective gas and additional heating are possible, creating a Time savings and thus a particularly efficient component production is possible.
  • the device according to the invention for the additive production of components which comprises a inven tion proper device, in advantageous Hamiltonbil tion characterized by the fact that the device comprises a frame on which the inert gas and the heating and / or Pul mediated means are kept and the Frame relative to the beitsry the device or a powder bed provided in particular is kept relatively movable.
  • the frame is preferably formed frame-shaped and / or this are associated with Verfahrstoff via which the frame in particular linearly movable above a Häplatt form or a powder bed of a device for additive manufacturing can be kept or held.
  • Verfahrstoff via which the frame in particular linearly movable above a Häplatt form or a powder bed of a device for additive manufacturing can be kept or held.
  • a Ge stell makes a particularly simple structural measure for a common movable storage of said means. It should be noted that a frame shape has proven to be particularly suitable ge, but this is not required. In a particularly simple embodiment, e.g. also find a striven- or beam-shaped frame use.
  • the frame can be formed one or more parts.
  • the movement of the frame can in particular be used both for entraining the protective gas flow and the entrainment of He heat, such as induction coil (s) and the powder order to obtain a further powder layer.
  • the frame is conveniently motorized movable.
  • the device is also particularly well above all scalable upwards, e.g. the frame increases and / or, for example, the number of induction coils held thereon as heating means and / or protective gas is increased and / or outlets or their size is increased.
  • the advantages of the invention can be achieved in a particularly simple way also for comparatively large installation spaces and Mehrla sersysteme.
  • the frame traversing means may include for example when mounted according to the inventions to the invention device above the working platform or the powder bed of an apparatus for additive manufacturing mounted rail on which the frame then be The movement is linearly movable, for example via one or more rollers.
  • a further embodiment is further characterized in that the inert gas and / or the powdery means are held stationary on the frame and / or the heating means are in turn movably held on the frame, this be preferably linear along an associated track axis.
  • the arrangement is then in particular such that the heating means, for example one or more induction coils, are movably held along an axis on the frame, which is oriented at least substantially orthogonal to the travel axis of the frame.
  • the heating means for example one or more induction coils
  • the heating means are then suitably motorized movably held on the frame, so that a control of the movement is possible in a simple manner.
  • the protective gas means of the device according to the invention are formed in an advantageous embodiment for providing at least egg nes preferably substantially laminar inert gas stream.
  • You can, for example, at least one in particular special beam-shaped shielding gas inlet and at least one of the protective gas inlet in particular opposite to given to give beam-shaped protective gas outlet. If the inlet and outlet are bar-shaped, they are in particular oriented at least essentially parallel to one another.
  • the at least one protective gas inlet has a plurality of adjacent and / or superimposed protective gas nozzles. In example, a plurality of 29einan derod arranged in a row protective gas nozzles may be provided. Also, a plurality of such lines can be superimposed on the IN ANY.
  • a la- Minarer protective gas above a provided in a space of a device for additive preparation powder bed, in particular over its entire width, are generated in a simple manner.
  • the one or more protective gas outlets may also be designed to suck off inert gas or this or these may be associated with means for the extraction of inert gas.
  • a device can, in order to ensure the freedom of movement of the inert gas, for example, via flexible hoses be rea larra.
  • the at least one protective gas inlet comprises a plurality of protective gas nozzles
  • a plurality of flexible tubes can also be provided, in particular a number of flexible tubes corresponding to the number of protective gas nozzles.
  • the protective gas discharge via at least one inert gas outlet of the device according to the invention, in particular back to a reservoir via one or more re flexible hoses.
  • the expansion of the frame in one spatial direction and / or the dimensioning of the at least one inert gas inlet and / or outlet in a spatial direction is preferably adapted to the expansion of the powder bed to be processed in the space direction, so that the entire powder bed covered with a protective gas flow and / or can be achieved with the heating means.
  • a further embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the heating means comprises at least one, preferably a plurality of induction coils for inductive heating, and in particular the at least one induction coil is movably held on a frame of the device.
  • the inductive heating of, for example, a component part made of a powder bed and / or of a section of a powder bed and / or a working platform, which has already been made additive, has proven to be particularly suitable. Nete form of additional heating proved. Other possi possibilities of additional heating, such as the heating with IR rays or radiate the heating by means of electrons or resistive heating are not excluded, however.
  • this sen a egg on a frame of the device held powder container sen comprehensive.
  • This can for example also be characterized by a bar shape and preferably has at least one underside, in particular elongate powder feed opening.
  • the powder means may comprise one or more undersei term held on the powder container rollers and / or squeegees to the smooth strip of the powder container underside exiting powder.
  • powder layers of preferably uniform thickness can be provided by the powder container being moved together with the protective gas agents and, in particular, heating means above the powder bed.
  • the distance of the means for smoothing, such as roll (s) and / or doctor blade (s), to Obersei te the previous layer then defines the layer thickness.
  • the powder agent comprises a powder container
  • its expansion in a spatial direction in particular its longitudinal extent, is preferably adapted to the expansion of the powder bed in a spatial direction, so that a powder layer of appropriate size can be obtained if the powder container is in contact with the protective gas and heating means is moved above the bed.
  • a very particularly preferred embodiment of the inventions to the invention device is further characterized by the fact that they two preferably mirror-inverted machining processing areas comprises, in each of the two machining processing areas inert gas to supply and in particular Abon ren a protective gas and heating means for heating an already additive from a powder bed manufactured construction section and / or a portion of a powder bed and / or a working platform are provided, and FITS preferred powder means between the two processing areas are arranged.
  • the device according to the invention comprises two processing areas which are preferably spatially offset from one another, it is possible to work particularly efficiently.
  • a scanning process with one or more energy beams can take place in both processing areas and, for example, two components or component sections can be produced simultaneously from the powder bed.
  • a scan takes place, with the heating means of the other processing area an already manufactured, still lying in the powder bed component or component section is heated, so simultaneously takes place to a neighboring scan a subsequent heat treatment.
  • a powder container of the powder is particularly preferably approximately centrally provided in a frame-shaped frame of the device and to each side of the powder container a Schutzgasauslass to ordered, with a protective gas outlet provided at the Schutzgasauslass respectively from the powder container is turned to.
  • a mirror-inverted embodiment allows an opposite orientation of the protective gas flow in the two processing areas and this in turn such that the inert gas flow both for a forward and a return movement of the means, in particular a tra denden frame along an associated track axis to the direction of advancement of the at least one energy beam can be oriented opposite to the powder layer.
  • Another object of the invention is a
  • the powder layers each with at least one energy gies beam according to predetermined component geometry locally melted and / or sintered
  • the heating means an additional Erracer tion of a powder bed already made from the construction part section and / or the working platform and / or the powder bed takes place while powder is melted and / or sintered,
  • powder is melted and / or sintered with at least one energy beam in a first region of the powder bed, while a preferably laminar protective gas stream is generated with the protective gas agents of a processing region of the device above the first powder bed region;
  • the method according to the invention enables a particularly efficient additive manufacturing of components, in particular also in comparatively large installation spaces. This is especially true be particularly for the design with simultaneous scanning in the one work area and subsequent heat treatment treatment in the other at preferably simultaneous production of a respective new powder layer.
  • the shielding gas, heating and especially powder means, about a Ge vice, where they are held, are moved along a pregiven enclosed axis above a powder bed continuously or stepwise, with the first scan in a first area of the powder bed is started, while there provided a protective gas flow using the first processing area and a particular inductive additional heating takes place, and if the second processing area above the previously scanned construction part (section) s arrives, with the heating means a subsequent heat treatment is performed while un ter simultaneous use of inert gas and Erissermungsmit tel of the first processing area another powder bedab is scanned.
  • powder can then be re-applied and preferably smoothed to obtain the next layer.
  • the agent was in one direction once completely on the powder bed or a process to edit the portion of this procedure, the direction of movement can be reversed and the procedure can be repeated.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic partially sectioned illustration of a device for the additive production of components according to an embodiment of the vorlie invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic partially marnit TEN representation of the device for Schutzgaszu drove and heating and powder feed the Vorrich device of Figure 1 above the partially presented Darge powder bed;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic plan view of the
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of the area traveled by the coils of the device of FIG. 1 during stepwise movement of the frame;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic representation of the area traveled by the coils of the apparatus of Figure 1 with continuous movement of the frame;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic plan view of the direction in which Laserstrahlein and the space of the device of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic partially sectioned view of an embodiment of an inventive ago direction for the additive production of components from the powder verbett 1.
  • This includes a manufacturing cylinder 2, the egg nen space defined 3, in which one or more components additively in operation from the Powder bed 1 made who the.
  • the layered component structure is carried out on a working platform 4 of the device, which - as indicated by a corresponding arrow in the figure 1 - schreibnver adjustable in the production cylinder 2 is held.
  • the device further comprises a platform 4 above the working arranged laser beam device 5, which is formed from to emit several, in the present two laser beams 6 and selectively melt with these provided in the space 3 of the device powder layers according to a predetermined component geometry.
  • the laser beam device 5 comprises a scanning device not visible in the figures. This can be formed in any manner well known in the art.
  • the device further includes an embodiment of a device according to the invention for inert gas supply, heating and powder feed 7, which is above the manufacturing cylinder 2 and the working platform provided therein 4 and the powder 1 is arranged.
  • An enlarged side view as well as an enlarged view of the device 7 can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the other components of the device according to the invention in these two figures and Figures 4 to 10, which will be discussed below, not shown, son in it next to the inventive device 7 only the powder bed 1 and two already in it additively Herge presented component sections 8 can be seen. From the laser beam 6 is further in Figures 1, 2, 4, 6 and 9 only to recognize egg ner.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the device 7 comprises a frame-shaped frame 9 which is movable along a predetermined axis above the work platform 4 and the powder bed 2 located thereon.
  • the means for the movable mounting of the frame comprise in the present case a fixedly fixed rail, not shown in the figures, on which the frame 9 is mounted by means likewise not recognizable in the figures, so that it runs along the rail in the x-direction and thus a ho rizontalen level above the powder bed 1 back and forth is movable.
  • the respective current direction of movement of the frame 9 is also indicated by a respective upper half of this arrow.
  • protective gas means for supplying and discharging a protective gas in the space 3 and He kept warming agent and powder.
  • the heating means are already addi tively used in the powder bed 1 for producing additional inductive heating.
  • the working platform 4 is formed.
  • the powder agents are used to provide a plurality of superimposed layers of powdered material in the space 3 of the device.
  • Protective gas means concretely two bar-shaped Schufzgaseinlässe 10, which are held at opposite ends of the frame 9, and two bar-shaped shielding gas outlets 11, which are located approximately centrally on the frame 9 and each lying opposite the Schufzgaseinlässe 10 are arranged.
  • the device 7 in this case comprises two mirror-inverted processing areas 12, 13, with which simultaneously and / or successively processing steps can be carried out in the context of additive production of components.
  • each of the two protective gas inlets 10 each have a plurality of protective gas nozzles 14, which are arranged in three rows one above the other and 15 columns side by side in the manner of an array.
  • the shielding gas of erfindungsge MAESSEN device 7 further comprising a plurality of flexible hoses 16, of which in the present case six tubes lead to one of the Schufzgaseinlässe 10 and depending Weil one is connected to a protective gas outlet 11. As can be seen in particular in FIG.
  • both the Schufzgasinlässe 10 and the protective gas outlets 11 each extend over the entire width of the frame 9 over the entire extent of the frame 9 in the Y direction, so that over the entire width of the powder bed 1 a more uniformly in particular laminar protective gas stream 17 can be provided.
  • the dimensioning of frame 9 and inert gas inlets and outlets 10, 11 is selected such that it at least the expansion of the powder verbettes 1 in the Y direction or the possible, so reachable with the laser beams 6 scan area speaks ent.
  • the held on the frame 9 heating means of the inventions to the invention device 7 comprise four induction coils 18.
  • the four Spu len 18 are held on the frame 9 in the Y direction forward and intimidbewegbar, so that a relative movement of the coil 18 against the frame 9 is possible, which is oriented orthogonal to the direction of travel of the frame 9 in the X direction.
  • the induction coils 18 can also be mounted movably in the X-direction in the frame 9, so that a relative movement of the coils 18 ge compared to the frame 9 in the X direction is possible to increase the flexibility x further , However, this is not necessary.
  • the powder means of the device 7 according to the invention also held on the frame 9 in the present case comprise a powder container 19, which is held approximately centrally on the frame 9 and, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 3, at least approximately parallel to the beam-shaped inert gas inlet and outlet 10, 11 is oriented, and, just like this, over the entire extent of the frame 9 in the Y direction he stretches.
  • the powder container 19 has on the underside a slot-shaped powder outlet opening, which is not visible in the figures, and which extends almost over its entire extent.
  • the powder agents further comprise ei ne powder feed 21, which opens laterally into the powder container 19 and alone in the plan view of Figure 3 can be seen.
  • Additive manufacturing comprises, in a well-known manner, the provision of a plurality of powder layers after and in one another in the installation space 3 of the device and their scanning by means of the laser beams 6 for local melting.
  • the embodiment of inventions to the invention device 7 described here is used to provide the powder layers to produce during the scans a laminar protective gas stream 17 above the powder bed 1 and during the scans and these downstream already additive manufactured component sections 8 and Häplatt form 4 to heat inductively.
  • the frame 9 is for this upper half of the powder bed 1 between the recognizable in Figure 4 right end position and the recognizable in Figures 8 and 9 left end position continuously moved back and forth.
  • FIG. 4 is started at a point in time.
  • two component sections 8 in the powder bed 1 were made additive and currently another powder layer are first scanned in the region of the right in Figure 4 component by means of the two laser beams 6 of the laser beam device 5 according to predetermined component geometry.
  • the preceding layers was accordingly - with the first powder layer starting on the work platform 4 - proceeded.
  • the left in the figures processing area 12 of the device 7 is currently upper half of the right component section 8 and it takes place by means of the two induction coils 18 of this processing area 12, an additional inductive heating of the already finished th Bauteilabitess 8 below the to be scanned Pulverla ger, while powder is locally melted up with the laser beams 6.
  • the frame 9 is continuously moved at a suitable speed in this rich direction.
  • the induction coils 18 of the processing area 12 relative to the frame 9 in the Y-direction method to follow with the additional heating and the movement of the laser beams in this direction. It can thus be achieved that the point of impingement of the laser beams 6 is always centered under a coil 18, for example.
  • protective gas is conveyed via flexible hoses 16 into the protective gas inlet 11, let out through the plurality of protective gas nozzles 14 and sucked off via the opposing protective gas outlet 11 with a protective protective gas outlet opening 15.
  • FIG. 5 shows the state in which no powder is currently being scanned, since the induction coils 18 of the left-hand machining area 12 are still between the two component sections 8, that is, they have not yet reached the left-hand component section 8. Errei Chen the coil 18 this, it can follow an inductive heating and a scan of the powder layer above this component section 8 with the two laser beams 6 takes place. At the same time, a downstream heat treatment of the previously scanned right component section 8 is effected with the two induction coils 18 of the right-hand processing area 13 (FIG. 6). It should be noted that the additional in ductile heating in Figures 4, 6 and 7 and 9 is indicated in each case by a directed from the induction coil 18 on the underlying member lying low component portion 8 arrow.
  • the frame 9 is continuously moved further to the left and as soon as the scanning process is completed with the laser beams 6 in the region of the left component section 8, the laser beams 6 are deactivated again and the coils 18 are turned off. Powder is further discharged from the powder container and smoothed with the right roller 20.
  • both inert gas inlets 10 are located at opposite ends and both shielding gas 1 in the middle of the frame 9, so that a protective gas flow 17 always from outside to inside and thus opposite to the Advancement Rich direction of the laser beams 6 can be generated.
  • Figures 11 and 12 show purely schematically, which surface preparation of each of the two induction coils 18 of the two machining processing areas 12, 13 are covered when the frame 9, as in the example described above continuously ( Figure 11) or alternatively stepwise (Figure 12) is moved in the Y direction. As can be seen, a powder bed located underneath the coils 18 can be completely covered and a uniform, additional inductive heating can be achieved over the entire area.
  • Figure 13 shows a plan view of a space 3 with Pul verbett 1 in a purely schematic representation, which is indicated by circular areas 23 where above the powder bed 1 - in the case of a total of four laser beams 6 - the laser beams 6 emitted and deflected become.
  • the impact point 24 for the case of the laser beam device 5 with two laser beams 6, as described above, is also shown in FIG. 1, in each case in the middle in one of the coils 18.
  • Steps, for example, for the scanning on the one hand and the layer provision on the other hand, as provided according to the prior art, are not required.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil (7) pour l'alimentation en gaz de protection et le chauffage et/ou l'alimentation en poudre pour un dispositif pour la fabrication additive de pièces à partir d'un lit en poudre (1), comprenant – des moyens de gaz de protection, qui sont conçus pour l'alimentation en un gaz de protection et en particulier pour son évacuation et – des moyens de poudre, qui sont conçus pour mettre à disposition une multitude de couches superposées d'un matériau pulvérulent dans l'espace de construction (3) d'un dispositif pour la fabrication additive de pièces et/ou – des moyens de chauffage qui sont conçus pour chauffer au moins une section de pièce (8) déjà fabriquée de manière additive à partir du lit en poudre (1) et/ou d'une section d'un lit en poudre (1) et/ou d'une plate-forme de travail (4) d'un dispositif pour la fabrication additive de pièces, des moyens étant utilisés, via lesquels les moyens de gaz de protection et les moyens de poudre et/ou de chauffage peuvent être logés ou sont logés, ensemble, de manière mobile, en particulier de manière à pouvoir être déplacés au-dessus de la plate-forme de travail (4) ou du lit en poudre (1) d'un dispositif pour la fabrication additive de pièces. De plus, l'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé pour la fabrication additive de pièces ainsi qu'une pièce.
PCT/EP2018/081424 2017-12-13 2018-11-15 Appareil pour l'alimentation en gaz de protection, le chauffage et l'alimentation en poudre ainsi que dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication additive de pièces et pièce WO2019115140A1 (fr)

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DE102017222645.5A DE102017222645A1 (de) 2017-12-13 2017-12-13 Einrichtung zur Schutzgaszufuhr und Erwärmung und/oder Pulverzufuhr sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung von Bauteilen und Bauteil
DE102017222645.5 2017-12-13

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US20210229361A1 (en) * 2020-01-28 2021-07-29 Divergent Technologies, Inc. 3-d printer with gas exchange mechanism for removing contaminants during re-coating
WO2022096669A1 (fr) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication d'objets en 3d par consolidation sélective d'un matériau déposé en couches
WO2022096668A1 (fr) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication d'objets en 3d par consolidation sélective d'un matériau déposé en couches
DE102020129420A1 (de) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Beschichtungseinrichtung, Mittenmodul sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten durch selektives Verfestigen eines schichtweise aufgebrachten Aufbaumaterials
CN115135485A (zh) * 2020-04-17 2022-09-30 弗里曼特有限公司 粉末床的预热

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EP3796755A1 (fr) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de chauffage à induction compact pourvu de bobine mobile
US11584079B2 (en) * 2019-10-03 2023-02-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Build chamber for use in powder bed-based laser additive manufacturing processes
US11633917B2 (en) 2019-11-25 2023-04-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laser additive manufacturing control system and method
DE102022121405A1 (de) 2022-08-24 2024-02-29 Dmg Mori Additive Gmbh Additive Fertigungsvorrichtung und additives Fertigungsverfahren

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DE102012206122A1 (de) 2012-04-13 2013-10-17 MTU Aero Engines AG Mehrfach-Spulenanordnung für eine Vorrichtung zur generativen Herstellung von Bauteilen und entsprechendes Herstellverfahren
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US20210229361A1 (en) * 2020-01-28 2021-07-29 Divergent Technologies, Inc. 3-d printer with gas exchange mechanism for removing contaminants during re-coating
CN115135485A (zh) * 2020-04-17 2022-09-30 弗里曼特有限公司 粉末床的预热
CN115135485B (zh) * 2020-04-17 2024-05-31 弗里曼特有限公司 粉末床的预热
WO2022096669A1 (fr) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication d'objets en 3d par consolidation sélective d'un matériau déposé en couches
DE102020129413A1 (de) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten durch selektives Verfestigen eines schichtweise aufgebrachten Aufbaumaterials
WO2022096668A1 (fr) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication d'objets en 3d par consolidation sélective d'un matériau déposé en couches
DE102020129419A1 (de) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten durch selektives Verfestigen eines schichtweise aufgebrachten Aufbaumaterials
DE102020129420A1 (de) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Beschichtungseinrichtung, Mittenmodul sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten durch selektives Verfestigen eines schichtweise aufgebrachten Aufbaumaterials
WO2022096667A1 (fr) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Dispositif de revêtement, module central ainsi que procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication d'objets 3d par consolidation sélective d'un matériau appliqué en couches

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