WO2019110831A1

WO2019110831A1 - Circuit breaker

Info

Publication number: WO2019110831A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/084054
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefan HASLINGER
Original assignee: Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-12-08
Filing date: 2018-12-07
Publication date: 2019-06-13
Also published as: DE102017129216A1; DE112018006222A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a circuit breaker (1) with a first connection (2) and a second connection (3), wherein the first connection (2) is connected to an electrical conductor loop (5) of the circuit breaker (1) by means of a first electrical conductor (4), wherein the conductor loop (5) is electrically connected to a first electrical switching contact (6) of the circuit breaker (1). According to the invention the circuit breaker (1) has at least one Hall element (7), which Hall element (7) is formed as part of the first conductor (4), and the Hall element (7) is arranged in a region in which magnetic field lines are bundled by the conductor loop (5).

Description

Protection device

The invention relates to a protective switching device according to the preamble of

Claim 1.

Circuit-breakers with electromagnetic short-circuit releases are known and widely used. Such circuit breakers work very well and protect people and equipment from the effects of a short circuit.

However, such protective switching devices are also subject to aging or

Wear. It has been shown that protective switching devices should no longer be used after a certain switched-off total energy, because then it can no longer be ensured that they can safely switch off yet another short-circuit. Due to the good function that such switching devices perform over many years, these are perceived by the population as infinitely durable and practically never exchanged accordingly. For example, it has been shown that in many single-family homes more than 40 years after their construction, the protective switching devices are still used, which were originally installed during the construction of the house. However, such old and claimed circuit breakers do not provide effective protection

Occurrence of a short circuit. This is relevant in addition to the immediate risks to people, especially in terms of fire protection.

Old or heavily used protective switching devices no longer protect people and equipment against the effects of electrical current. Rather, such protective switching devices themselves represent a massive hazard since, in the worst case, they can themselves form a source of fire. Another disadvantage of such protective switching devices is that their condition is neither recognizable to the layman nor for an electrician. In addition to the failure to interchange itself inoperable circuit breakers, it is therefore occasionally to replace protective switching devices, which would still be operational.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a protective switching device of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, with which people and equipment safely against the effects of electrical Short circuits can be hedged, and in which the actual

State of a circuit breaker can be determined due to the load.

This is achieved by the features of claim 1 according to the invention.

As a result, a protective switching device can be created, to which the

actual level of wear or load is recorded over the service life. This makes it possible to exchange protective switching devices, if this is actually required by their condition. As a result, an automatic lock can be implemented in the protective switching device, for example, which switches off the relevant protective switching device when its load reaches a certain limit load. The corresponding load occurs over the entire operating life, which can be quite many years. Through these measures, the protection of people and equipment can be through

Protection devices are ensured again.

It has been shown that it is not the sheer number of short-circuit shutdowns that is relevant for the degree of wear but the energy that is switched off in total across all shutdown processes of the relevant protective switching device. For determining or estimating the state of a protective switching device, therefore, the current profile over time per triggering is essential, but not the simple number of switching operations.

The subclaims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

It is hereby expressly referred to the wording of the claims, whereby the claims at this point are incorporated by reference into the description and are considered to be reproduced verbatim.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only preferred embodiments are shown by way of example. Showing:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a subject protection device;

2 shows a coil of a short-circuit release of a protective switching device according to FIG. 1 in simplified sectional view; and

3 shows a section of the first conductor with the Hall element.

1 shows a protective switching device 1 with a first terminal 2 and a second terminal 3, wherein the first terminal 2 is connected by means of a first electrical conductor 4 with an electrical conductor loop 5 of the protective device 1, wherein the conductor loop 5 with a first electrical switching contact 6 of the protective switching device 1 is electrically connected, wherein the protective switching device 1 has at least one Hall element 7, which Hall element 7 is formed as part of the first conductor 4, and wherein the Hall element 7 in one area

is arranged, in which area magnetic field lines are bundled by the conductor loop 5.

As a result, a protective switching device 1 can be provided for which the actual level of wear or load over the service life is detected. This makes it possible to exchange protective switching devices 1, if this is actually required by their state. As a result, for example, an automatic lock can be implemented in the protective switching device 1, which turns off the relevant protection switching device 1, when its load a

reached certain limit load. The corresponding load occurs over the entire operating life, which can be quite many years. Through these measures, the protection of people and equipment can be ensured by protective switching devices 1 again.

It has been shown that it is not the sheer number of short-circuit shutdowns that is relevant for the degree of wear, but the energy that is switched off in total across all shutdown processes of the relevant protective switching device 1.

For determining or estimating the state of a protective switching device 1, therefore, the course of current over time per triggering is essential, but not the simple number of switching operations.

It is preferably provided that the protective switching device 1 is a

Low-voltage circuit breaker acts. In particular, a so-called. MCB, therefore a miniature circuit breaker. The protective switching device 1 has, in a conventional manner, at least one first terminal 2 and a second terminal 3, which are formed approximately as plug-in terminals or screw terminals.

The protective switching device 1 has at least a first electrical switching contact 6 and a second electrical switching contact 18 associated therewith. When the protective switching device 1 is switched on, the two switching contacts 6, 18 are in contact and there is a conductive connection from the first terminal 2 to the second terminal 3 via the first and the second switching contact 6, 18. There may also be a so-called multiple interruption be provided.

The protective switching device 1 further preferably has a switching mechanism 21 which controls the movable switching contact. Furthermore, the protective switching device 1 preferably has a so-called. Hand lever 24 to manually switch on or off the protection device 1.

The protective switching device 1 has an electrical conductor loop 5 which is connected to the first terminal 2 by means of a line section designated as the first electrical conductor 4. The conductor loop 5 is further with a so

designated second electrical conductor 19 connected to the first switching contact 6. The second switching contact 18 is connected to a third electrical conductor 20 with the second terminal 3. It is preferably provided that the first conductor 4, the conductor loop 5 and the second conductor 19 are integrally formed.

In itself, the conductor loop 5 can be any type of conductor loop 5 which is arranged inside the protective switching device 1, wherein it is provided in particular that the conductor loop 5 is a closed one

Conductor loop 5 is. Particularly preferably, it is provided that the conductor loop 5 is a conductor loop 5, which is already in one

Protective switching device 1 is present, so that no further extensive changes to the electromechanical or electromagnetic design of an existing protective switching device 1 need to be made in order to integrate the subject invention.

Preferably, it is provided in this context that the conductor loop 5 as electrical coil 8 is formed. It is provided in particular that the coil 8 is designed as a solenoid, therefore as a cylindrical wound coil 8. The coil 8 preferably has a coil axis 9. It is particularly preferred that the coil 8 is part of a short-circuit release 10 of the

Protective device 1 is. Short circuit triggers 10 with a solenoid are well known and widely used and their operation is known to those skilled in the art.

It is envisaged that the protective switching device 1 has at least one Hall element 7. This Hall element 7 is formed as part of the first conductor 4. This means that the Hall element 7 directly from the current of the first conductor. 4

is flowed through, and not just next to the first conductor 4 is arranged.

It is particularly preferred that the Hall element 7 by a

flattened portion 11 of the first conductor 4 is formed. The Hall element 7 is thus formed by pressing a part of the first conductor 4 or

flattened. FIG. 3 shows a section of the first conductor 4 with a flattened and laterally widened point, which serves as a Hall element 7. Furthermore, the flattened position is also in Fig. 2 in another view

shown.

The Hall element 7 is arranged in an area in which area

magnetic field lines are bundled by the conductor loop 5. Such bundling effects of conductor loops 5 are known in electrical engineering or physics. Of course, this bundling only occurs when the

Conductor loop 5 is actually flowed through current, so it can already be identified from the geometry of the conductor loop 5, a corresponding area in which this bundling occurs.

In particular, in the preferred embodiment of the conductor loop 5 as a coil 8, there is a considerable concentration of magnetic field lines in the interior of the coil 8 or directly at the ends of the coil 8. It is therefore particularly preferred that the Hall element 7 in the Coil axis 9 or in the region of an imaginary extension of an inner envelope cylinder of the coil 8 is arranged. As a result, the Hall element 7 is located in a region of high magnetic flux density or tightly bundled magnetic field lines. In the interior of the coil 8, if the coil 8 is a part of a short-circuit release 10, an armature is arranged. It is therefore preferably provided that the Hall element 7 is arranged outside the coil 8. FIG. 2 shows a corresponding coil 8 with a Hall element 5.

The Hall element 5 has lateral Hall voltage outputs 12, as shown approximately in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferably provided that the Hall voltage outputs 12 are connected to an evaluation and / or recording arrangement 13 of the protective switching device 1. These evaluation and / or

Recording arrangement 13 may be formed both comprehensively electrical, electronic or electro-mechanical assemblies.

It is particularly preferred that the evaluation and / or

Recording arrangement 13 has an RC element 14, and that the

Hall voltage outputs 12 are connected to this RC element 14. The RC element 14 is preferably constructed as a classical low-pass filter of the first order and, according to this preferred embodiment, has only one series resistor and one capacitor connected in parallel. The concrete resistance value and the value of the capacitance of the capacitor directly affect t (i = R ^* C), and thus the time behavior. It has been found that it is achieved by this circuit that a voltage taken off at the capacitor of the RC element 14 is exactly proportional to the energy through the switching device 1.

It is preferably provided that the evaluation and / or recording arrangement 13 has an electrical and / or mechanical memory unit 15 in which the successive measurement results of the Hall element 7 are stored and / or added up. In addition to the known versions of an electronic memory, a mechanical memory can also be provided. Such a mechanical memory can be formed for example by a locking disk, which is moved by a plunger. Also, a concept similar to the known three-phase meters may be provided.

It is preferably provided that the evaluation and / or recording arrangement 13 is connected to a display unit 16 of the protective switching device 1. Thereby, the state of the protection device 1 can be easily displayed to a user. Since protective switching devices 1, however, are usually arranged in closed cabinets, it can further be provided that the protective switching device 1 a

Communication interface has to issue corresponding status messages. Furthermore, an acoustic signaling system, such as a horn, may preferably be provided.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the evaluation and / or

Recording arrangement 13 is connected to a locking device 17, which locking device 17 is designed to turn off the protection switching device 1 irreversible. As a result, the protective scarf device 1 switches off when it reaches a state in which it can no longer guarantee safety, and can not be switched on any longer. As a result, the user is forced to its own safety to replace the protection device 1.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

1. Protection switching device (1) with a first terminal (2) and a second terminal (3), wherein the first terminal (2) by means of a first electrical conductor (4) with an electrical conductor loop (5) of the protective circuit device (1) is connected , wherein the conductor loop (5) with a first electrical

Switching contact (6) of the protective switching device (1) is electrically connected, characterized in that the protective switching device (1) comprises at least one Hall element (7), which Hall element (7) is formed as part of the first conductor (4), and that the Hall element (7) is arranged in an area in which magnetic field lines are bundled by the conductor loop (5).

2. Protection device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductor loop (5) as an electrical coil (8), in particular as a solenoid comprising a coil axis (9) is formed, which coil (8) preferably part of a short-circuit release (10 ) of the protective switching device (1).

3. Protection device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the Hall element (7) outside of the coil (8) is arranged.

4. Protection device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the Hall element (7) in the region of the coil axis (9) is arranged.

5. Protection device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Hall element (7) by a flattened region (11) of the first conductor (4) is formed.

6. Protection device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Hall voltage outputs (12) of the Hall element (7) with an evaluation and / or recording arrangement (13) of the protective circuit device (1) are connected.

7. Protection device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the Hall voltage outputs (12) with an RC element (14) of the evaluation and / or recording arrangement (13) is connected.

8. Protection device (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the evaluation and / or recording arrangement (13) has an electrical and / or mechanical storage unit (15).

9. Protection device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the evaluation and / or recording arrangement (13) with a display unit (16) of the protective circuit device (1) is connected.

10. The protective switching device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the evaluation and / or recording arrangement (13) with a locking device (17) is connected, which locking device (17) is designed to protect the protective switching device (1 ) irreversibly switch off.