WO2019110083A1 - Method of driving a component of an object, system, computer program product and computer-readable medium - Google Patents
Method of driving a component of an object, system, computer program product and computer-readable medium Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019110083A1 WO2019110083A1 PCT/EP2017/081353 EP2017081353W WO2019110083A1 WO 2019110083 A1 WO2019110083 A1 WO 2019110083A1 EP 2017081353 W EP2017081353 W EP 2017081353W WO 2019110083 A1 WO2019110083 A1 WO 2019110083A1
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- user identification
- signal
- unit
- identification device
- identifying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
- B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of driving a component of an object by us ing a portable user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said object according to the preamble of claim 1 , a system for driving a component of an object by using a portable user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said object according to the preamble of claim 1 1 , a computer pro gram product and a computer-readable medium.
- An object could be a vehicle like a car, but is not limited to vehicles.
- locating the position of a user by a vehicle For example, locating the position of a user by a vehicle, measuring the distance of a user to a vehicle using time-of-flight, locating or measuring the distance of a user to a vehicle using trajectories or GPS.
- the machine translation of the FR 2 929 396 A1 into the English lan guage discloses a system and a method for locating the position of a vehicle by a user.
- Said known system comprises a portable object intended to be made available to said user, whereat said portable object is equipped with at least one inertial device and means for processing a signal delivered by said inertial device to determine a tra jectory followed by said portable object.
- Said known method for implementing said system comprises the following steps: a step of initializing the implementation of the processing means of said portable object as a result of a request of putting in a lock ing device of vehicle doors of said vehicle, a first step of acquiring a first signal deliv ered by said inertial device, a first step of processing said first signal to determine a first trajectory, a step of storing said first trajectory, a step of restoring to said user said first trajectory through the implementation of a screen equipping said portable object, a second step of acquiring a second signal delivered by said inertial device, a second step of processing said second signal to determine a second trajectory, a step of im plementing means for comparing said first and second trajectories for determining an item of information for retrieving said vehicle.
- This object is solved by a method of driving a component of an object by using a port able user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said ob ject according to the features of claim 1 , wherein said identifying signal is evaluated in said evaluation unit by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal charac teristic properties of an identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal and recorded beforehand, a system for driving a component of an object by using a porta ble user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said ob ject according to the features of claim 1 1 , a computer program product according to claim 13 and a computer-readable medium according to claim 14.
- Said identifying ref erence signal can be identical with said trigger signal, but it can comprise only certain characteristics of said trigger signal, too.
- said evaluation of said identify ing signal in said evaluation unit by comparing said identifying signal with said identify ing reference signal can be limited to said certain characteristics of said identifying ref erence signal.
- said identifying signal are com pared to said certain characteristics of said identifying reference signal corresponding to each other.
- said trigger signal is sent over low frequency, whereas the response, namely said identifying signal, is sent back over ultrahigh fre quency.
- the invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, which are just exemplary.
- a main advantage of the invention is a higher level of security by driving a component of an object by using a portable user identification device for an object. For example, because of using the invention, it is not necessary to watch a path of a user identifica- tion device and to evaluate said path with respect to a location of a vehicle, if said ob ject according to the invention is built as a vehicle. The same is true for the other known technical solutions mentioned above. Therefore, said driving of a component of an object by using a portable user identification device for an object is more secure against relay station attacks or other attacks trying to intrude an object. Moreover, by using the invention, blocking relay station attacks or something similar is achieved with less effort.
- the signal characteristic properties of a signal coming from a transmitter reflect the transmitters hardware and act therefore as a fingerprint for that specific hardware.
- the usage of any additional hardware in the communication link, such as relay station attacks, are detectable by detecting a mismatch in these signal character istic properties.
- These signal characteristic properties can be examined as an analog signal analysis in frequency domain as well as in time domain. Despite this, the inven tion can be employed in combination with other technical solutions used against relay station attacks or other attacks, too.
- a very advantageous development of the method according to the invention is, that said trigger signal sent by said transmitter of said user identification unit to said user identification device is evaluated in an evaluation unit of said user identification device by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of a trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal and recorded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal is sent by said transmitter of said portable user identifi cation device to said receiver of said user identification unit according to said evalua tion of said trigger signal by said evaluation unit of said user identification device. That way, not only the communication link from said user identification device to said user identification unit is checked for any manipulation, such as a relay station attack, but the communication link from said user identification unit to said user identification de vice is checked for any manipulation, too.
- said user identification device comprises an evaluation unit and said evaluation unit of said user identification device is built and configured in such a manner, that said trigger signal sent by said transmitter of said user identification unit to said user identification device can be evaluated in said evaluation unit of said user identification device by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal charac teristic properties of a trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal and rec orded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal can be sent by said transmitter of said portable user identification device to said receiver of said user identification unit according to said evaluation of said trigger signal by said evaluation unit.
- an identifying signal only if said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device shows, that said trigger signal was not manipulated while sent from said transmitter of said user identification unit to said receiver of said user identification device.
- Another embodiment could be, that in case of any manipulation of said trigger signal sent from said user identification unit to said user identification device an identifying signal is sent from said user identi fication device to said user identification unit triggering said controller of said user identification unit to display a warning information receivable by a user of said object, but not driving said component of said object.
- said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evalua tion unit of said user identification unit and/or said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device are/is done in time domain of said identifying signal and/or of said trigger signal.
- said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification unit and/or said eval uation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device are/is done in frequency domain of said identifying signal and/or said trigger signal. Using the frequency domain is also called spectral tracing and using the time domain is also called waveform tracing.
- an advantageous development of the method according to the invention is, that said evaluation uses at least one parameter out of a group of pa rameters comprising power level sequencing, harmonics, in-band intermodulation products, out-of-band intermodulation products, frequency errors and local oscillator leakage.
- an advantageous development of the method according to the in vention is, that said evaluation uses at least one parameter out of a group of parame ters comprising rise time, overshoot and jitter.
- a further advantageous development of the method according to the invention is, that said component of said object will be driven by said controller, if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand or if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand and said trigger signal correlates with said trigger refer ence signal to a certain degree defined beforehand. That way, some flexibility of said evaluation of said identifying signal is allowed for.
- said trigger signal, said identifying signal, said identifying reference signal and said trigger reference signal according to the invention can be of any useful and applicable type and design.
- said identifying reference signal and/or said trigger reference signal recorded beforehand are/is a statistical data derived from practical tests of plural specimen.
- a number of corresponding user identification devices and user identification units are measured in a laboratory or in a production line, for example, to extract the characteristic properties of the transmitter of said user identification unit and/or the transmitter of said user identification device.
- the data derived from such practical tests of plural specimen is used for the evaluation of the identifying signals and/or the evaluation of the trigger signals in the corresponding evaluation units of certain types of objects equipped with the invention corresponding to the plurality of specimen.
- identifying reference signal and/or said trigger reference signal recorded beforehand are/is an individual data derived from a specific pair of said object with said user identification unit and said user identification device.
- identifying reference signal and/or the trigger reference signal are/is an individual data derived from a specific pair of said object with said user identification unit and said user identification device.
- the evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification unit and/or the evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device can be of any useful and applicable type.
- An advanta geous development of the method according to the invention is, that characteristic properties of said transmitter of said user identification unit are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification device and/or of said transmitter of said user identification device are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification unit. That way, spectral tracing and/or waveform tracing are enhanced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a system according to the present invention, wherein only the details necessary for the understanding of the invention are shown.
- Fig. 1 an embodiment of a system according to the invention in a partial view.
- Fig. 1 displays an embodiment of a system for driving a component 2.1 of an object 2 which is built as a vehicle 2 by using a portable user identification device 4 for said ve hicle 2 and a user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 according to the invention.
- Said portable user identification device 4 is designed as a key fob and comprises a re DCver 4.1 , a memory 4.2, a transmitter 4.3 and an evaluation unit 4.4.
- Said user iden tification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 comprises a transmitter 2.2.1 , a receiver 2.2.2, a controller 2.2.3 and an evaluation unit 2.2.4, whereat said controller 2.2.3 and said evaluation unit 2.2.4 of said user identification unit 2.2 as well as said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 are built and configured in such a manner, that a trigger signal sent by said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said user identification device 4 can be evaluated in said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 and that said identifying signal sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver 2.2.2 of said user identifica tion unit 2.2 according to said trigger signal sent by said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4 can be evaluated in said evaluation unit 2.2.4 and said controller 2.2.3 can drive said compo nent 2.1 of said vehicle 2 according to said evaluation of said trigger signal by said evaluation unit 4.4 and according to said evaluation of said identifying signal by said evaluation unit 2.2.4.
- Said component 2.1 of said vehicle 2 is designed as a central locking system of said vehicle 2.
- Said identifying signal sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver 2.2.2 of said user identification unit 2.2 is sym bolized by an arrow 6, whereas said trigger signal sent by said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4 is symbolized by an arrow 7.
- said evaluation unit 2.2.4 is an integral part of said user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 and said evaluation unit 4.4 is an integral part of said user identification device 4.
- An identifying reference signal recorded beforehand in said user identification unit 2.2 is an individual data derived from said specific pair of said vehicle 2 with said user identification unit 2.2 and said user identification device 4. The same is true for a trig ger reference signal recorded beforehand in said user identification device 4. Flereby, it is possible to tailor the identifying reference signal and the trigger reference signal to the very pair of said vehicle 2 with said user identification unit 2.2 and said user identi fication device 4. Thus, the tolerances which have to be accounted for can be reduced to a minimum.
- Characteristic properties of said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identifica tion unit 2.2 are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification device 4 and characteristic properties of said transmitter 4.3 of said user identification device 4 are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification unit 2.2 and later on used for said evaluations.
- a user of said vehicle 2 is deboarding said vehicle 2 while carrying said portable user identification device 4. Said user is not displayed.
- said user carrying said portable user identifica tion device 4 walks a certain path away from said vehicle 2, for example, to do some shopping. After a while, said user walks again back to said vehicle 2 for boarding said vehicle 2 and to drive away.
- This path walked by said user is symbolized in Fig. 1 by a number of dots 8 and arrows 10.
- Each dot 8 symbolizes a certain position of said port able user identification device 4 carried by said user to a certain point of time tn.
- Each arrow 10 symbolizes a certain distance and direction said portable user identification device 4 has been carried by said user.
- Said portable user identification device 4 is arriving at said vehicle 2 again.
- the posi tion of said portable user identification device 4 corresponding to said point of time is displayed in Fig. 1 by the schematic drawing of said portable user identification device 4 and with a certain distance to said vehicle 2 in order to support the explanations given to the embodiment shown by Fig. 1 .
- said user carrying said portable user identification device 4 touches a door handle 2.3.1 of a door 2.3 of said vehicle 2.
- Said vehicle 2 comprises five doors 2.3 in total, each with a door handle 2.3.1 .
- a touch-sensitive sensor is integrated.
- Said touch-sensitive sensors are not displayed.
- Said trigger reference signal can be identi cal with said trigger signal, but it can comprise only certain characteristics of said trig ger signal, too.
- said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit by comparing said trigger signal with said trigger reference signal can be limited to certain characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal.
- only certain characteristic properties of said trigger signal are compared to certain characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal corresponding to each other.
- said trigger signal is sent over low frequency, whereas the response, namely said identifying signal, is sent back over ultrahigh frequency.
- the in vention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, which are just exemplary.
- the reception of said trigger signal 7 by said receiver 4.1 triggers an evaluation of said trigger signal 7 in said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal 7 and recorded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal 6 is sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver 2.2.2 of said user identification unit 2.2 accord ing to said evaluation of said trigger signal 7 by said evaluation unit 4.4, namely said identifying signal 6 is transmitted from said transmitter 4.3 to said receiver 2.2.2 only, if said evaluation of said trigger signal 7 in said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identifi cation device 4 shows, that said trigger signal 7 was not manipulated while sent from said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4.
- Said evaluation unit 2.2.4 of said user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 evaluates said identifying signal 6 sent by said transmitter 4.3 and received by said receiver 2.2.1 by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic proper ties of said identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal 7 and recorded beforehand.
- Said identifying reference signal can be identical with said trigger signal, but it can comprise only certain characteristic properties of said trigger signal, too.
- said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit by comparing said identifying signal with said identifying reference signal can be limited to certain characteristic properties of said identifying reference signal. Thus, only certain charac teristic properties of said identifying signal are compared to certain characteristic prop erties of said identifying reference signal corresponding to each other.
- the evaluations of said trigger signal 7 in said evaluation unit 4.4 and of said identify ing signal 6 in said evaluation unit 2.2.4 are done in frequency domain and in time do main of said trigger signal 7 and of said identifying signal 6, namely by using at least one parameter out of a group of parameters comprising power level sequencing, har monics, in-band intermodulation products, out-of-band intermodulation products, fre quency errors and local oscillator leakage as well as by using at least one parameter out of a group of parameters comprising rise time, overshoot and jitter.
- said component of said object will be driven by said controller, if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand or if said iden tifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree de fined beforehand and said trigger signal correlates with said trigger reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments of the inventive system and the inventive method discussed above.
- the portable user identification device could not only be designed as a key fob, but could be of any useful and applicable type.
- the portable user identification device could be a smartphone or something similar.
- the component of the vehicle driven by the controller is not limited to be a central locking system but could be of any useful and applicable type, too.
- the object according to the invention is not limited to vehicles like cars, but the invention is applicable to a lot of different objects which have to be guarded against attacks in order to intrude the objects or to use the objects.
- buildings or rooms can be secured by using the invention, too.
- the evaluation in frequency domain can be implemented using analog and digital sig nal processing tools and/or units. The same is true for the evaluation in time domain.
- the invention relates also to a computer program product, comprising instructions to cause the inventive system, for example, the system according to the explained em bodiment, to execute the steps of the inventive method, for example, the method ac cording to the explained embodiment, and a computer-readable medium having stored thereon such a computer program product.
- the signal transmissions between said portable user identification device and said user identification unit of said vehicle could be secured by using cryptographic tech niques.
- the invention enables to fight against relay station attacks or something similar by comparing signal characteristic properties of a transmitted signal to signal characteris tic properties of a reference signal according to said trigger signal and recorded be forehand. Any unwanted manipulation of the transmitted signal will cause measurable modifications of the transmitted signal compared to the reference signal according to the trigger signal. Thus, frequency domain and/or time domain of the transmitted sig nal will be different with respect to the reference signal according to the trigger signal.
Abstract
Driving a component (2.1) of an object (2) by using a portable user identification device (4) for said object (2) and an user identification unit (2.2) of said object (2), whereat an evaluation unit (2.2.4) evaluates an identifying signal (6) sent by a transmitter (4.3) of said portable user identification device (4) to a receiver (2.2.2) of said user identification unit (2.2) and a controller (2.2.3) drives said component (2.1 ) of said object (2) according to said evaluation of said identifying signal (6). In order to provide a higher level of security by driving a component (2.1) of an object (2) by using a portable user identification device (4) for an object (2), said identifying signal (6) is evaluated in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of an identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal (7) and recorded beforehand.
Description
Method of driving a component of an object, system, computer program product and computer-readable medium
Description
The present invention relates to a method of driving a component of an object by us ing a portable user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said object according to the preamble of claim 1 , a system for driving a component of an object by using a portable user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said object according to the preamble of claim 1 1 , a computer pro gram product and a computer-readable medium.
Such methods, systems, computer program products and computer-readable media are already well known in different embodiments. An object could be a vehicle like a car, but is not limited to vehicles.
For example, locating the position of a user by a vehicle, measuring the distance of a user to a vehicle using time-of-flight, locating or measuring the distance of a user to a vehicle using trajectories or GPS.
Furthermore, the machine translation of the FR 2 929 396 A1 into the English lan guage discloses a system and a method for locating the position of a vehicle by a user. Said known system comprises a portable object intended to be made available to said user, whereat said portable object is equipped with at least one inertial device and means for processing a signal delivered by said inertial device to determine a tra jectory followed by said portable object. Said known method for implementing said system comprises the following steps: a step of initializing the implementation of the processing means of said portable object as a result of a request of putting in a lock ing device of vehicle doors of said vehicle, a first step of acquiring a first signal deliv ered by said inertial device, a first step of processing said first signal to determine a first trajectory, a step of storing said first trajectory, a step of restoring to said user said first trajectory through the implementation of a screen equipping said portable object,
a second step of acquiring a second signal delivered by said inertial device, a second step of processing said second signal to determine a second trajectory, a step of im plementing means for comparing said first and second trajectories for determining an item of information for retrieving said vehicle.
It is an object of the invention to provide a higher level of security by driving a compo nent of an object by using a portable user identification device for an object.
This object is solved by a method of driving a component of an object by using a port able user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said ob ject according to the features of claim 1 , wherein said identifying signal is evaluated in said evaluation unit by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal charac teristic properties of an identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal and recorded beforehand, a system for driving a component of an object by using a porta ble user identification device for said object and an user identification unit of said ob ject according to the features of claim 1 1 , a computer program product according to claim 13 and a computer-readable medium according to claim 14. Said identifying ref erence signal can be identical with said trigger signal, but it can comprise only certain characteristics of said trigger signal, too. For example, said evaluation of said identify ing signal in said evaluation unit by comparing said identifying signal with said identify ing reference signal can be limited to said certain characteristics of said identifying ref erence signal. Thus, only certain characteristics of said identifying signal are com pared to said certain characteristics of said identifying reference signal corresponding to each other. For example, traditionally, said trigger signal is sent over low frequency, whereas the response, namely said identifying signal, is sent back over ultrahigh fre quency. Of course, the invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, which are just exemplary.
A main advantage of the invention is a higher level of security by driving a component of an object by using a portable user identification device for an object. For example, because of using the invention, it is not necessary to watch a path of a user identifica-
tion device and to evaluate said path with respect to a location of a vehicle, if said ob ject according to the invention is built as a vehicle. The same is true for the other known technical solutions mentioned above. Therefore, said driving of a component of an object by using a portable user identification device for an object is more secure against relay station attacks or other attacks trying to intrude an object. Moreover, by using the invention, blocking relay station attacks or something similar is achieved with less effort. The signal characteristic properties of a signal coming from a transmitter reflect the transmitters hardware and act therefore as a fingerprint for that specific hardware. The usage of any additional hardware in the communication link, such as relay station attacks, are detectable by detecting a mismatch in these signal character istic properties. These signal characteristic properties can be examined as an analog signal analysis in frequency domain as well as in time domain. Despite this, the inven tion can be employed in combination with other technical solutions used against relay station attacks or other attacks, too.
A very advantageous development of the method according to the invention is, that said trigger signal sent by said transmitter of said user identification unit to said user identification device is evaluated in an evaluation unit of said user identification device by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of a trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal and recorded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal is sent by said transmitter of said portable user identifi cation device to said receiver of said user identification unit according to said evalua tion of said trigger signal by said evaluation unit of said user identification device. That way, not only the communication link from said user identification device to said user identification unit is checked for any manipulation, such as a relay station attack, but the communication link from said user identification unit to said user identification de vice is checked for any manipulation, too.
The same is true for a very advantageous development of the system according to the invention, wherein said user identification device comprises an evaluation unit and said evaluation unit of said user identification device is built and configured in such a manner, that said trigger signal sent by said transmitter of said user identification unit
to said user identification device can be evaluated in said evaluation unit of said user identification device by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal charac teristic properties of a trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal and rec orded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal can be sent by said transmitter of said portable user identification device to said receiver of said user identification unit according to said evaluation of said trigger signal by said evaluation unit. For example, it could be possible to sent an identifying signal only if said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device shows, that said trigger signal was not manipulated while sent from said transmitter of said user identification unit to said receiver of said user identification device. Another embodiment could be, that in case of any manipulation of said trigger signal sent from said user identification unit to said user identification device an identifying signal is sent from said user identi fication device to said user identification unit triggering said controller of said user identification unit to display a warning information receivable by a user of said object, but not driving said component of said object.
Basically, it is sufficient, that said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evalua tion unit of said user identification unit and/or said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device are/is done in time domain of said identifying signal and/or of said trigger signal. Advantageously, said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification unit and/or said eval uation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device are/is done in frequency domain of said identifying signal and/or said trigger signal. Using the frequency domain is also called spectral tracing and using the time domain is also called waveform tracing.
If said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit of said user identifi cation unit and/or said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device are/is done in frequency domain of said identifying signal and/or said trigger signal, an advantageous development of the method according to the invention is, that said evaluation uses at least one parameter out of a group of pa rameters comprising power level sequencing, harmonics, in-band intermodulation
products, out-of-band intermodulation products, frequency errors and local oscillator leakage.
If said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit of said user identifi cation unit and/or said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device are/is done in time domain of said identifying signal and/or said trigger signal, an advantageous development of the method according to the in vention is, that said evaluation uses at least one parameter out of a group of parame ters comprising rise time, overshoot and jitter.
A further advantageous development of the method according to the invention is, that said component of said object will be driven by said controller, if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand or if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand and said trigger signal correlates with said trigger refer ence signal to a certain degree defined beforehand. That way, some flexibility of said evaluation of said identifying signal is allowed for.
In general, said trigger signal, said identifying signal, said identifying reference signal and said trigger reference signal according to the invention can be of any useful and applicable type and design. For example, said identifying reference signal and/or said trigger reference signal recorded beforehand are/is a statistical data derived from practical tests of plural specimen. Thus, a number of corresponding user identification devices and user identification units are measured in a laboratory or in a production line, for example, to extract the characteristic properties of the transmitter of said user identification unit and/or the transmitter of said user identification device. Later on, the data derived from such practical tests of plural specimen is used for the evaluation of the identifying signals and/or the evaluation of the trigger signals in the corresponding evaluation units of certain types of objects equipped with the invention corresponding to the plurality of specimen.
An advantageous development of the method according to the invention alternative to the aforementioned embodiment is, that said identifying reference signal and/or said trigger reference signal recorded beforehand are/is an individual data derived from a specific pair of said object with said user identification unit and said user identification device. Hereby, it is possible to tailor the identifying reference signal and/or the trigger reference signal to the very pair of said object with said user identification unit and said user identification device. Thus, the tolerances which have to be accounted for can be reduced to a minimum.
Basically, the evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification unit and/or the evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit of said user identification device can be of any useful and applicable type. An advanta geous development of the method according to the invention is, that characteristic properties of said transmitter of said user identification unit are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification device and/or of said transmitter of said user identification device are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification unit. That way, spectral tracing and/or waveform tracing are enhanced.
The figure is a schematic illustration of a system according to the present invention, wherein only the details necessary for the understanding of the invention are shown.
It is shown by:
Fig. 1 an embodiment of a system according to the invention in a partial view.
Fig. 1 displays an embodiment of a system for driving a component 2.1 of an object 2 which is built as a vehicle 2 by using a portable user identification device 4 for said ve hicle 2 and a user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 according to the invention. Said portable user identification device 4 is designed as a key fob and comprises a re ceiver 4.1 , a memory 4.2, a transmitter 4.3 and an evaluation unit 4.4. Said user iden tification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 comprises a transmitter 2.2.1 , a receiver 2.2.2, a
controller 2.2.3 and an evaluation unit 2.2.4, whereat said controller 2.2.3 and said evaluation unit 2.2.4 of said user identification unit 2.2 as well as said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 are built and configured in such a manner, that a trigger signal sent by said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said user identification device 4 can be evaluated in said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 and that said identifying signal sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver 2.2.2 of said user identifica tion unit 2.2 according to said trigger signal sent by said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4 can be evaluated in said evaluation unit 2.2.4 and said controller 2.2.3 can drive said compo nent 2.1 of said vehicle 2 according to said evaluation of said trigger signal by said evaluation unit 4.4 and according to said evaluation of said identifying signal by said evaluation unit 2.2.4.
Said component 2.1 of said vehicle 2 is designed as a central locking system of said vehicle 2. Said identifying signal sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver 2.2.2 of said user identification unit 2.2 is sym bolized by an arrow 6, whereas said trigger signal sent by said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4 is symbolized by an arrow 7. As can be seen from Fig. 1 , said evaluation unit 2.2.4 is an integral part of said user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 and said evaluation unit 4.4 is an integral part of said user identification device 4.
The function of said inventive system as well as the inventive method according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 are explained as follows:
An identifying reference signal recorded beforehand in said user identification unit 2.2 is an individual data derived from said specific pair of said vehicle 2 with said user identification unit 2.2 and said user identification device 4. The same is true for a trig ger reference signal recorded beforehand in said user identification device 4. Flereby, it is possible to tailor the identifying reference signal and the trigger reference signal to
the very pair of said vehicle 2 with said user identification unit 2.2 and said user identi fication device 4. Thus, the tolerances which have to be accounted for can be reduced to a minimum. Characteristic properties of said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identifica tion unit 2.2 are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification device 4 and characteristic properties of said transmitter 4.3 of said user identification device 4 are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification unit 2.2 and later on used for said evaluations.
A user of said vehicle 2 is deboarding said vehicle 2 while carrying said portable user identification device 4. Said user is not displayed.
After deboarding from said vehicle 2, said user carrying said portable user identifica tion device 4 walks a certain path away from said vehicle 2, for example, to do some shopping. After a while, said user walks again back to said vehicle 2 for boarding said vehicle 2 and to drive away. This path walked by said user is symbolized in Fig. 1 by a number of dots 8 and arrows 10. Each dot 8 symbolizes a certain position of said port able user identification device 4 carried by said user to a certain point of time tn. Each arrow 10 symbolizes a certain distance and direction said portable user identification device 4 has been carried by said user.
Said portable user identification device 4 is arriving at said vehicle 2 again. The posi tion of said portable user identification device 4 corresponding to said point of time is displayed in Fig. 1 by the schematic drawing of said portable user identification device 4 and with a certain distance to said vehicle 2 in order to support the explanations given to the embodiment shown by Fig. 1 . In reality, said user carrying said portable user identification device 4 touches a door handle 2.3.1 of a door 2.3 of said vehicle 2. Said vehicle 2 comprises five doors 2.3 in total, each with a door handle 2.3.1 . In each of said door handles 2.3.1 of said vehicle 2 a touch-sensitive sensor is integrated.
Said touch-sensitive sensors are not displayed.
By touching one of said door handles 2.3.1 of said doors 2.3 said user initiates a transmission of said trigger signal 7 via said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification
unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4. Said received trigger signal 7 is recorded in said memory 4.2 for further usage. Said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 evaluates said trigger signal 7 sent by said transmitter
2.2.1 and received by said receiver 4.1 by comparing its signal characteristic proper ties to signal characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal 7 and recorded beforehand. Said trigger reference signal can be identi cal with said trigger signal, but it can comprise only certain characteristics of said trig ger signal, too. For example, said evaluation of said trigger signal in said evaluation unit by comparing said trigger signal with said trigger reference signal can be limited to certain characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal. Thus, only certain characteristic properties of said trigger signal are compared to certain characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal corresponding to each other. For example, traditionally, said trigger signal is sent over low frequency, whereas the response, namely said identifying signal, is sent back over ultrahigh frequency. Of course, the in vention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, which are just exemplary.
Thus, the reception of said trigger signal 7 by said receiver 4.1 triggers an evaluation of said trigger signal 7 in said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identification device 4 by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of said trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal 7 and recorded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal 6 is sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver 2.2.2 of said user identification unit 2.2 accord ing to said evaluation of said trigger signal 7 by said evaluation unit 4.4, namely said identifying signal 6 is transmitted from said transmitter 4.3 to said receiver 2.2.2 only, if said evaluation of said trigger signal 7 in said evaluation unit 4.4 of said user identifi cation device 4 shows, that said trigger signal 7 was not manipulated while sent from said transmitter 2.2.1 of said user identification unit 2.2 to said receiver 4.1 of said user identification device 4.
If said trigger signal 7 was not manipulated, a transmission of said identifying signal 6 by said transmitter 4.3 of said portable user identification device 4 to said receiver
2.2.2 of said user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 takes place. Said identifying
signal 6 correlates to said trigger signal 7. Otherwise, said identifying signal 6 would not be sent by said transmitter 4.3 of said user identification device 4.
Said evaluation unit 2.2.4 of said user identification unit 2.2 of said vehicle 2 evaluates said identifying signal 6 sent by said transmitter 4.3 and received by said receiver 2.2.1 by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic proper ties of said identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal 7 and recorded beforehand. Said identifying reference signal can be identical with said trigger signal, but it can comprise only certain characteristic properties of said trigger signal, too. For example, said evaluation of said identifying signal in said evaluation unit by comparing said identifying signal with said identifying reference signal can be limited to certain characteristic properties of said identifying reference signal. Thus, only certain charac teristic properties of said identifying signal are compared to certain characteristic prop erties of said identifying reference signal corresponding to each other.
The evaluations of said trigger signal 7 in said evaluation unit 4.4 and of said identify ing signal 6 in said evaluation unit 2.2.4 are done in frequency domain and in time do main of said trigger signal 7 and of said identifying signal 6, namely by using at least one parameter out of a group of parameters comprising power level sequencing, har monics, in-band intermodulation products, out-of-band intermodulation products, fre quency errors and local oscillator leakage as well as by using at least one parameter out of a group of parameters comprising rise time, overshoot and jitter. Thus, for the evaluation of said trigger signal 7 by comparing it to said trigger reference signal in said evaluation unit 4.4 and of said identifying signal 6 by comparing it to said identify ing reference signal in said evaluation unit 2.2.4, frequency domain and time domain of said trigger signal 7 are compared to frequency domain and time domain of said trigger reference signal and frequency domain and time domain of said identifying sig nal 6 are compared to frequency domain and time domain of said identifying reference signal.
Because of the fact, that said trigger signal 7 correlates to said trigger reference signal and said identifying signal 6 correlates to said identifying reference signal, said con troller 2.2.3 of said user identification unit 2.2 is driving said component 2.1 ; thus, said central locking system 2.1 of said vehicle 2 is unlocking said doors 2.3. If said trigger signal 7 would not correlate to said trigger reference signal or said identifying signal 6 would not correlate to said identifying reference signal, said controller 2.2.3 of said user identification unit 2.2 would not drive said component 2.1 of said vehicle 2.
In order to design a more flexible system according to the invention, said component of said object will be driven by said controller, if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand or if said iden tifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree de fined beforehand and said trigger signal correlates with said trigger reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand.
The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments of the inventive system and the inventive method discussed above. The portable user identification device could not only be designed as a key fob, but could be of any useful and applicable type. For example, the portable user identification device could be a smartphone or something similar. Of course, the component of the vehicle driven by the controller is not limited to be a central locking system but could be of any useful and applicable type, too.
Furthermore, the object according to the invention is not limited to vehicles like cars, but the invention is applicable to a lot of different objects which have to be guarded against attacks in order to intrude the objects or to use the objects. For example, buildings or rooms can be secured by using the invention, too.
The evaluation in frequency domain can be implemented using analog and digital sig nal processing tools and/or units. The same is true for the evaluation in time domain.
The invention relates also to a computer program product, comprising instructions to cause the inventive system, for example, the system according to the explained em bodiment, to execute the steps of the inventive method, for example, the method ac cording to the explained embodiment, and a computer-readable medium having stored thereon such a computer program product.
The signal transmissions between said portable user identification device and said user identification unit of said vehicle could be secured by using cryptographic tech niques.
The invention enables to fight against relay station attacks or something similar by comparing signal characteristic properties of a transmitted signal to signal characteris tic properties of a reference signal according to said trigger signal and recorded be forehand. Any unwanted manipulation of the transmitted signal will cause measurable modifications of the transmitted signal compared to the reference signal according to the trigger signal. Thus, frequency domain and/or time domain of the transmitted sig nal will be different with respect to the reference signal according to the trigger signal.
List of reference numbers
2 Object, built as a vehicle
2.1 Component of the vehicle 2
2.2 User identification unit of the vehicle 2
2.2.1 Transmitter of the user identification unit 2.2
2.2.2 Receiver of the user identification unit 2.2
2.2.3 Controller of the user identification unit 2.2
2.2.4 Evaluation unit of the user identification unit 2.2
2.3 Doors of the vehicle 2
2.3.1 Door handles of the doors 2.3
4 Portable user identification device
4.1 Receiver of the portable user identification device 4
4.2 Memory of the portable user identification device 4
4.3 T ransmitter of the portable user identification device 4
4.4 Evaluation unit of the user identification device 4
6 Identifying signal
7 Trigger signal
8 Positions of the portable user identification device 4
10 Distances and directions of movement of the portable user identification de vice 4
Claims
1. Method of driving a component (2.1 ) of an object (2) by using a portable user identification device (4) for said object (2) and an user identification unit (2.2) of said object (2), whereat said portable user identification device (4) com prises a receiver (4.1 ), a memory (4.2) and a transmitter (4.3), and said user identification unit (2.2) of said object (2) comprises a transmitter (2.2.1 ), a re ceiver (2.2.2), a controller (2.2.3) and an evaluation unit (2.2.4), whereat an identifying signal (6) sent by said transmitter (4.3) of said portable user iden tification device (4) to said receiver (2.2.2) of said user identification unit (2.2) according to a trigger signal (7) sent by said transmitter (2.2.1 ) of said user identification unit (2.2) to said user identification device (4) is evaluated in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) and said controller (2.2.3) drives said component (2.1 ) of said object (2) according to said evaluation of said identifying signal (6) by said evaluation unit (2.2.4),
wherein
said identifying signal (6) is evaluated in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) by com paring its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of an identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal (7) and rec orded beforehand.
2. Method according to claim 1 ,
wherein
said trigger signal (7) sent by said transmitter (2.2.1 ) of said user identifica tion unit (2.2) to said user identification device (4) is evaluated in an evalua tion unit (4.4) of said user identification device (4) by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of a trigger refer ence signal according to said trigger signal (7) and recorded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal (6) is sent by said transmitter (4.3) of said
portable user identification device (4) to said receiver (2.2.2) of said user identification unit (2.2) according to said evaluation of said trigger signal (7) by said evaluation unit (4.4).
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein
said evaluation of said identifying signal (6) in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) of said user identification unit (2.2) and/or said evaluation of said trigger signal (7) in said evaluation unit (4.4) of said user identification device (4) are/is done in frequency domain of said identifying signal (6) and/or said trigger signal (7).
4. Method according to claim 3,
wherein
said evaluation uses at least one parameter out of a group of parameters comprising power level sequencing, harmonics, in-band intermodulation products, out-of-band intermodulation products, frequency errors and local oscillator leakage.
5. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 4,
wherein
said evaluation of said identifying signal (6) in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) of said user identification unit (2.2) and/or said evaluation of said trigger signal (7) in said evaluation unit (4.4) of said user identification device (4) are/is done in time domain of said identifying signal (6) and/or said trigger signal (7).
6. Method according to claim 5,
wherein
said evaluation uses at least one parameter out of a group of parameters comprising rise time, overshoot and jitter.
7. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 6,
wherein
said component of said object will be driven by said controller, if said identify ing signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand or if said identifying signal correlates with said identifying reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand and said trigger sig nal correlates with said trigger reference signal to a certain degree defined beforehand.
8. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 7,
wherein
said identifying reference signal and/or said trigger reference signal recorded beforehand are/is a statistical data derived from practical tests of plural spec imen.
9. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 8,
wherein
said identifying reference signal and/or said trigger reference signal recorded beforehand are/is an individual data derived from a specific pair of said ob ject with said user identification unit and said user identification device.
10. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 9,
wherein
characteristic properties of said transmitter (2.2.1 ) of said user identification unit (2.2) are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification device (4) and/or of said transmitter (4.3) of said user identification device (4) are extracted beforehand and recorded in said user identification unit (2.2).
11. System for driving a component (2.1 ) of an object (2) by using a portable user identification device (4) for said object (2) and an user identification unit (2.2) of said object (2), whereat said portable user identification device (4) comprises a receiver (4.1 ), a memory (4.2) and a transmitter (4.3), and said
user identification unit (2.2) of said object (2) comprises a transmitter (2.2.1 ), a receiver (2.2.2), a controller (2.2.3) and an evaluation unit (2.2.4), whereat said controller (2.2.3) and said evaluation unit (2.2.4) are built and configured in such a manner, that an identifying signal (6) sent by said transmitter (4.3) of said portable user identification device (4) to said receiver (2.2.2) of said user identification unit (2.2) according to a trigger signal (7) sent by said transmitter (2.2.1 ) of said user identification unit (2.2) to said receiver (4.1 ) of said user identification device (4) can be evaluated in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) and said controller (2.2.3) can drive said component (2.1 ) of said ob ject (2) according to said evaluation of said identifying signal (6) by said eval uation unit (2.2.4),
wherein
said evaluation unit (2.2.4) is built and configured in such a manner, that said identifying signal (6) can be evaluated in said evaluation unit (2.2.4) by com paring its signal characteristic properties to signal characteristic properties of an identifying reference signal according to said trigger signal (7) and rec orded beforehand.
12. System according to claim 1 1 ,
wherein
said user identification device (4) comprises an evaluation unit (4.4) and said evaluation unit (4.4) of said user identification device (4) is built and config ured in such a manner, that said trigger signal (7) sent by said transmitter (2.2.1 ) of said user identification unit (2.2) to said user identification device (4) can be evaluated in said evaluation unit (4.4) of said user identification device (4) by comparing its signal characteristic properties to signal charac teristic properties of a trigger reference signal according to said trigger signal (7) and recorded beforehand, whereat said identifying signal (6) can be sent by said transmitter (4.3) of said portable user identification device (4) to said receiver (2.2.2) of said user identification unit (2.2) according to said evalua tion of said trigger signal (7) by said evaluation unit (4.4).
13. A computer program product comprising instructions to cause the system of claim 1 1 or 12 to execute the steps of the method of one of the claims 1 to 10.
14. A computer-readable medium having stored thereon the computer program product of claim 13.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/081353 WO2019110083A1 (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Method of driving a component of an object, system, computer program product and computer-readable medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/081353 WO2019110083A1 (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Method of driving a component of an object, system, computer program product and computer-readable medium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019110083A1 true WO2019110083A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
Family
ID=60702671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/081353 WO2019110083A1 (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Method of driving a component of an object, system, computer program product and computer-readable medium |
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| WO (1) | WO2019110083A1 (en) |
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| WO2004077729A2 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-10 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Trainable remote controller and method for determining the frequency of a learned control signal |
| DE102005013910B3 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Siemens Ag | Method for a start and access system for a motor vehicle |
| FR2929396A1 (en) | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-02 | Valeo Securite Habitacle Sas | Location indication providing system for vehicle in automobile field, has portable object equipped with signal processing unit that processes signal delivered by inertial device for determining trajectories followed by portable object |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2325552A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 1998-11-25 | Prince Corp | Trainable transmitter for transmitting an rf signal including a personal identification code |
| US6675328B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2004-01-06 | Vigilant Networks, Llc | System and method to determine data throughput in a communication network |
| WO2004077729A2 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-10 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Trainable remote controller and method for determining the frequency of a learned control signal |
| DE102005013910B3 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Siemens Ag | Method for a start and access system for a motor vehicle |
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