WO2019109574A1 - 面向群体应用的经颅脑图谱生成方法、预测方法及其装置 - Google Patents
面向群体应用的经颅脑图谱生成方法、预测方法及其装置 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a transcranial brain map generation method, and relates to a transcranial brain map prediction method for group application, and relates to a corresponding transcranial brain map prediction device, belonging to the technical field of cognitive neuroscience.
- Functional brain imaging represented by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), enables neuroscience researchers to observe the function of living human brains in a non-invasive manner.
- fMRI functional magnetic resonance imaging
- fNIRS functional near-infrared spectroscopy
- transcranial imaging techniques In the existing functional brain imaging technology, the activity of the intracranial brain is often observed and interfered by a transcranial imaging device placed on the surface of the skull, which is also called transcranial brain imaging technology.
- transcranial imaging techniques There are two spatial concepts in transcranial imaging techniques, one of which is the skull surface space visible to the transcranial imaging device and the other is the intracranial brain space that is invisible to the transcranial imaging device.
- the separation of these two spaces creates problems in both the functional data localization and the correct placement of the transcranial imaging device by transcranial imaging techniques.
- the key to solving these problems is to establish the correspondence between the two spaces.
- Transcranial brain imaging technology can only provide brain function information, but can not provide brain structure information, and can only locate the obtained brain function information to the transcranial imaging device in the skull surface space, rather than the intracranial brain space where the human brain is located. .
- MNI space standard brain space
- Brain Atlas is an important standard reference system in brain imaging research.
- the brain map provides a standard platform for brain imaging research, which enables the results of different studies based on the brains of different subjects to be compared and verified, thus gaining a comprehensive understanding of the brain's functional architecture.
- the prior knowledge about the human brain provided in the brain map is the basis for delineating the region of interest in brain imaging research, delineating the brain network nodes, and also the basis for interpreting and reporting brain imaging results. Therefore, mapping brain function data to the standard brain space where the brain map is located is an essential part of brain imaging research and analysis.
- the existing transcranial brain imaging technology does not provide a general brain map model with scientific basis and predictability for different populations. In practice, the separation between the visible operating space (ie, the scalp surface, especially the upper surface of the scalp) and the invisible utility space (ie, the intracranial brain space) remains one of the greatest challenges in the effective application of transcranial mapping techniques.
- the primary technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for generating a transcranial brain map.
- the invisible map information in the brain can be projected onto the visible scalp surface, so that the originally separated operation space and utility space are merged.
- Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transcranial brain prediction method for group application.
- Still another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transcranial brain prediction device for group application.
- a method for generating a transcranial brain map comprising the steps of:
- the step (1) comprises the following sub-steps:
- the longitude curve can be uniquely determined as the intersection curve between the surface of the scalp and the plane passing through AL, AR and p, and p' is the intersection between the equator of the skull and the longitude curve;
- L Nz-p' is the length of the curve from Nz to p' of the equator of the skull
- L e is the full length of the equator of the skull
- L AL-p is the longitude curve of L AL-p-AR along the entire length The length of the curve from AL to p.
- the step (1) further comprises the step (15): establishing a CPC space on the standard hemisphere; planarizing the hemisphere with CPC coordinates using a Hammer-Aitoff projection to generate a CPC presented on the flat ellipse A map of the coordinate system.
- the step (2) comprises the following substeps: determining, by using a balloon expansion model, an underlying cortical position c corresponding to an arbitrary point p of a given scalp surface in the individual space;
- the step (2) further comprises the following steps:
- C is a subset of the MNI space.
- the probability through the brain mapping model is generated by the following formula:
- the step (3) further comprises the following steps:
- a given point p(p e , p l ) is mapped to the cortical position c(x, y, z) in the MNI space by a probability transcranial mapping P(c
- step (3) it is assumed that the point on the cortical domain c is a subset of the points of the domain b in the brain, and if p and c are discretized, P(l
- any one of the LPBA40 brain map, the AAL label map or the Talairach map is used in the step (32).
- the transcranial brain map generation method further comprises the step (4) of generating a maximum likelihood label map and/or a maximum probability map.
- a transcranial brain mapping prediction method for a group application comprising the following steps:
- the probe of the transcranial device is stimulated or recorded at any position on the scalp surface of a given coordinate, the probability of each targeted brain region being probed is given by the above-described transcranial brain map.
- the transcranial device is any one of a transcranial brain imaging device or a transcranial brain treatment device.
- a transcranial brain prediction device for group application for implementing the above-described transcranial brain prediction method, wherein:
- the transcranial brain prediction device is in the shape of a helmet or a head cover, the upper surface of which is covered with the above-mentioned transcranial brain map, and the lower surface is in close contact with the scalp surface of the user when in use.
- a plurality of small holes are distributed in the surface of the transcranial brain prediction device for the probe of the transcranial device to contact the scalp surface of the user through the small hole.
- the small holes are arranged in a lattice shape according to different sub-regions in the transcranial brain image, and the arrangement density thereof changes inversely according to the area of the sub-region.
- the transcranial brain map provided by the present invention projects invisible intra-cerebral map label information onto the visible scalp, so that the researcher or the doctor can directly use the brain structure and function map information, thereby greatly improving the brain map.
- the transcranial map fuses the originally separated operating space and utility space, making the operator operate like in the brain space, which will make the inherent problems of positioning in the brain mapping technology more completely solved. .
- 1(a) to 1(e) are schematic views of a series of embodiments of a transcranial brain map
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of identifying a skull mark from a magnetic resonance image
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a CPC coordinate system
- Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the probability of a single CPC coordinate point through the brain mapping
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of TBA_LPBA
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the predictive results of the population level TBA_LPBA on individuals
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transcranial brain prediction device according to the present invention.
- the transcranial map is a brain map based on the surface of the scalp that projects invisible information in the brain onto the visible surface of the scalp (especially the upper surface of the scalp), allowing researchers or physicians to directly use these brains. Atlas information on structure and brain function.
- the present invention first explicitly constructs a standard skull coordinate system for quantitative description of the surface space of different individual skulls. Then, based on the assumption that the cranial-brain correspondence is consistent in the population, a correspondence between the standard skull surface space and the standard brain space where the brain map is located is established. Finally, the present invention solves the correspondence between the skull surface space-brain partition label space from the correspondence between the skull surface space-standard brain space and the standard brain space-brain partition label space provided by the brain map. As a result, the present invention reversely presents information in the corresponding brain standard space and brain map to the skull coordinate system, thereby forming a novel "transcranial brain map".
- the transcranial map is essentially a map of brain function built on the surface of the coordinated scalp, that is, in a coordinate brain space, the traditional brain map corresponds to each brain position and its function or anatomical label, thus The various cortical locations and their corresponding map labels accessible by the brain mapping technique are depicted and presented explicitly on the surface of the scalp as a visible operating space.
- the transcranial brain map can map the prior brain partition information in the traditional brain map to the skull space for the transcranial brain imaging device in the sense of the population level cranial-brain correspondence.
- the location of the transcranial data in the brain space can be transformed into the location of the transcranial imaging device in the skull space, which makes real-time localization of the transcranial mapping technique possible.
- the label information of the transcranial brain map is displayed in the space of the skull, this characteristic is very advantageous for superimposing the transcranial brain map on the surface of the individual scalp for display, thereby guiding the transcranial imaging device on the surface of the skull of the subject in an intuitive manner. Place. Therefore, the establishment of the transcranial brain map solves the contradiction between the separation of the operating space and the utility space in the transcranial brain mapping technique.
- FIG. 1(a) to 1(e) are schematic views of a series of embodiments of a transcranial brain map.
- a uniform craniofacial coordinate system is defined on the surface of the scalp, which describes all possible positions of the probe that can be set by the brain mapping technique, and the probe is placed on a given skull.
- Position the location of the black dot in the picture.
- a probe placed on the surface of its scalp will be able to detect a specific cortical location/brain region (where the yellow dot is located).
- this cranial-brain correspondence may not be determined given the differences in anatomical structures between individuals.
- this probability correspondence provides the probability of accessing the population level of each brain region from the skull position and uses it as a priori knowledge.
- the transcranial map is essentially a mapping of the prior knowledge of the entire brain space defined for the craniofacial coordinate system. Specifically, in the series of embodiments shown in FIG. 1, if the most likely target brain partition label and its associated probability are considered for each skull position, the maximum likelihood label map as shown in FIG. 1(d) ( MLM) and the maximum probability map (MPM) as shown in Figure 1(e) can serve as a useful guide for probe alignment through transcranial mapping techniques.
- the process of generating the transcranial map mainly comprises three steps: 1) creating a craniofacial coordinate system at the individual level; 2) establishing a transcranial mapping system for connecting the position of the skull with the position of the brain; A three-step stochastic process in a Markov chain is used to construct a transcranial brain map.
- the craniofacial coordinate system needs to meet two basic requirements: first, it should provide a one-to-one mapping of the individual scalp surface; second, for the convenience of group-level research, for each position in the craniofacial coordinate system, The position of the underlying cortex from different individuals is substantially identical in neuroanatomy.
- CPC coordinate system The basic idea of the CPC coordinate system is to construct a coordinate system similar to the latitude and longitude lines on the surface of the head. Unlike the geographic latitude and longitude system, the CPC coordinate system determines the "latitude and longitude" by means of two surface scale measurements.
- a two-dimensional proportional coordinate system called a continuous proportional coordinate space (abbreviated as CPC space) is established on the scalp surface of an individual by the following three steps:
- Identify at least five skull markers Nz, Iz, AL, AR and Cz from the 10-20 system on the scalp surface of the navie space See Figure 3(a)). See Figure 2 for an example of identifying a skull marker in a magnetic resonance image, where Iz is the outer occipital bulge of the human skull to which the trapezius muscle is attached; AL and AR are the anterior points of the left and right ears, identified as tragus The peak region; Nz is determined as the depression position in the upper part of the bridge of the nose; Cz is determined as the intersection of the cranial surface geodesic line AL-Cz-AR and Nz-Cz-Iz, and the two cranial surface geodesics are equally divided.
- the skull equator is defined as the intersection curve between the surface of the scalp and the plane passing through Nz, Cz and Iz (ie curve 1 in Figure 3(a));
- the longitude curve (ie curve 2 in Figure 3(a)) can be uniquely determined as the intersection curve between the surface of the scalp and the plane passing through AL, AR and p, p' is The intersection between the equator of the skull and the longitude curve.
- any point p of the upper scalp (higher than the curve specified by Nz, Iz, AL, AR points) can be uniquely determined by a pair of non-negative real numbers (p e , p l ):
- L Nz-p' is the length of the curve along the Nz to p' of the skull equator
- L e is the full length of the skull equator (from Nz to Iz)
- L AL-p is along the full length
- L AL-p The length of the longitude curve of -AR from AL to p.
- the surface position of the p-point as an arbitrary point is uniquely represented by the ratio of p' and p to the two curves, respectively, and the calculation formula is shown in the formula (1) and the formula (2).
- Fig. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional proportional coordinate system (abbreviated as CPC coordinate system) established on the surface of the scalp.
- the two-dimensional proportional coordinate system provides a one-to-one mapping of any point p on the surface of the scalp to the CPC space.
- a reasonable anatomy can be established on the scalp surface of the individual level based on the correspondence between the skull markers (Nz, Iz, AL, AR and Cz) and the proportional relationship defined by the CPC coordinate system (proportional to scale and shape). Learn the correspondence.
- a special CPC space is created on the standard hemisphere.
- the hemisphere with the CPC coordinate system is planarized using the existing Hammer-Aitoff projection to generate a map of the CPC coordinate system presented on the flat ellipse, which the applicant calls the Beijing Normal University Map ( See Figure 3(d)), which is essentially a two-dimensional projected image of a standard CPC coordinate system.
- the Beijing Normal University Map See Figure 3(d)
- any brain function data related to the scalp surface can be presented on the map, enabling effective comparisons between different projects, populations, laboratories, and even different imaging modalities.
- TBM Transcranial brain mapping
- any point corresponding to a given scalp surface can be determined in an individual space (eg, an individual 3D MRI image).
- the bottom layer of the cortex is c.
- all cortical locations are spatially normalized to standard brain space (ie, MNI space)
- all (p, c) pairs are aggregated to produce a deterministic individual transcranial mapping model.
- all individual transcranial mapping models are aggregated to produce a population-level probabilistic transcranial mapping model:
- C is a subset of the standard brain space and contains all cortical locations associated with the brain mapping technique. Probability through the brain mapping model gives the probability of each targeted cortical position c(x, y, z) when stimulating or recording from any point p(p e , p l ) on the scalp surface of a given coordinate.
- Figure 4 shows the probability transcranial mapping model corresponding to a single CPC coordinate.
- P (0.4, 0.6)
- the corresponding point B can be determined on the scalp surface of each individual level, and the corresponding position of the cortical projection point C is determined using a mature balloon expansion model.
- the magnetic resonance image space on the individual level is identified.
- a mapping from a point in the skull space to a label in the label space can be seen as a two-step mapping. First, it is mapped from the skull space S to the brain space B, and then from the brain space B to the label space L. Since the two-step mapping is a probability mapping, this process can also be seen as a two-step stochastic process. Since the correspondence between brain space and brain partition labels is determined by the structural laws of the human brain itself, we assume that for any point in the brain coordinate space, the probability of corresponding to each brain region label is determined, and the previous skull coordinate space It is irrelevant to the corresponding path in the brain coordinate space. Therefore, this two-step stochastic process has Markov properties.
- brain maps are constructed in a probabilistic framework.
- the basic relationship described by a traditional brain map eg, MNI map
- B is a subset of the standard brain space and contains all possible brain tissue points in the brain template of the map; l ⁇ L, L contains all possible map labels, each Each of the map labels represents a specific brain region in the brain map.
- b) represents the probability that a map number l appears at position b in the human brain.
- the basic relationship described by the brain map is also a conditional probability:
- a transcranial map can be constructed by a two-step stochastic process in a Markov chain. Specifically, the first step: the given point p(p e , p l ) as an input is mapped to the cortical position c(x, y, z) in the standard brain space by the probability transcranial mapping P(c
- the two-step stochastic process uses a Markov chain commonly used by those skilled in the art.
- p) can be used in P(c
- b) to calculate.
- the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation represents:
- the transcranial brain map constructed by the above steps is a probability map, that is, a probe when transcranial devices (including but not limited to transcranial imaging devices such as fMRI, fNIRS or transcranial treatment devices such as rTMS).
- transcranial devices including but not limited to transcranial imaging devices such as fMRI, fNIRS or transcranial treatment devices such as rTMS.
- the probability of each targeted brain region marked by l can be given by the transcranial map. It projects the invisible map information of the brain onto the visible scalp, allowing researchers or doctors to directly use these brain structures and functional map information, greatly improving the role of brain maps in transcranial mapping techniques.
- the method for generating a transcranial brain map constructed by the present invention is generally described above.
- Another technical topic is another technical topic.
- an example of a transcranial brain map based on a conventional brain map is provided using an MRI data set of 114 participants, and the constructed transcranial map is verified and confirmed.
- the reproducibility and predictability of the transcranial brain map provided by the present invention is provided using an MRI data set of 114 participants, and the constructed transcranial map is verified and confirmed.
- embodiments of the present invention contemplate the use of three general brain map implementations in existing brain imaging techniques.
- the first is the LPBA Probabilistic Brain Atlas, P LPBA (l
- the second is Automated Anatomical Labeling Atlas, P AAL (l
- P BA (l
- BA Brodmann region
- MRIcron software was used to visually identify four skull markers Nz, AL, AR, and Iz in 3D MRI images at the individual level (see Figure 2 for a schematic representation of the skull markers), and then extract the scalp surface. And the cortical surface.
- the 3D MRI image of each individual is segmented using a unified segmentation algorithm in SPM12 (Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, London, UK. http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm)
- SPM12 Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, London, UK. http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm
- Six tissue images gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), bone, soft tissue, and air/background. Generate brain images (grey + white matter) and head images (grey + white matter + CSF + bone + soft tissue).
- the surface extraction algorithm in SPM12 is applied to the binarized image to extract participation.
- the scalp surface point cloud (pink) and the cortical surface point cloud (gray) (as shown in Figure 1b).
- the embodiment of the present invention discretizes the continuous CPC space by uniformly dividing the entire range of p e and p l into 100 segments, respectively, to generate a uniform grid, which is named as CPC 100 (as shown in Figure 3(b)).
- the distance between two adjacent points in the CPC 100 is less than about 3.5 mm, and the spatial resolution is compatible with most transcranial mapping techniques.
- the corresponding scalp position s(x, y, z) (pink point in Figure 4) is given by equation (1) and (2) Determined from the individual scalp point cloud.
- the mature balloon expansion model is then applied to the scalp position s(x, y, z) to determine a corresponding cortical position (yellow point in Figure 4).
- the cortical position (yellow point in Fig. 4) in the individual space is spatially normalized into the standard brain space to obtain c. Aggregate all (s, c) pairs to generate a transcranial mapping model at the individual level, ie to obtain a mapping from the CPC 100 grid to the standard brain space.
- the MNI coordinates of the cortical projection points were adjusted. First, the MNI coordinates of all projection points are spatially resampled according to the resolution of the map image. Second, the MNI coordinates of a few cortical projection points have been corrected. Due to the registration error, a few cortical projection points are normalized to the standard brain space and are not in the range of the brain map. In the actual calculation, we corrected these deviation points and used the nearest neighbor search (Nearest Neighbor Searching) to deviate the projection. Points are limited to the spatial extent of the brain map.
- each subject's brain map can be represented as a binary matrix of 9801 ⁇ 136020.
- the matrix Matrix PB The rows in the Matrix PB represent the estimated distribution law of the conditional probability.
- the size of the Matrix PB is 9801 x 185355.
- the size of the Matrix PB is 9801 x 403482.
- the map information into a mapping matrix of voxels to partition labels.
- the probability map is explicitly given in the file of the brain map image, therefore, we define:
- the information provided by the brain map image directly gives the probability that each label appears in each spatial position. Therefore, we directly index the brain region voxels in the brain map image one by one, and record the probability values of each label in the voxel.
- non-brain a special brain region label and define its probability as:
- Matrix BL For the AAL map, the Matrix BL size is 136020 ⁇ 121. For the BA map, the Matrix BL size is 185355 ⁇ 47, and for the LPBA map, the Matrix BL size is 1336020 ⁇ 57.
- Matrix PB and Matrix BL are used to solve the probability mapping matrix Matrix PL of the skull coordinates to the brain region label, wherein
- Matrix PL Matrix PB ⁇ Matrix BL (11)
- the Matrix PL size is 9801 ⁇ 57; for the AAL map, the Matrix PL size is 9801 ⁇ 121; for the BA map, the Matrix PL size is 9801 ⁇ 47.
- a row in Matrix PL that represents the mapping probability of mapping each partition label for a given CPC skull coordinate position; a column in Matrix PL that represents the conditional probability P of the CPC coordinate mapping to a given brain region label l k (L l k
- Determining the location of the two hemispheres and the four main leaves in the CPC space is the first step in displaying the transcranial brain map.
- a main leaf grade transcranial brain map was constructed and presented in Figures 5(a) and 5b.
- MLM Maximum Likelihood Label
- the apparent narrow boundary in Figure 5(a) roughly corresponds to the sulci structure that divides the lobes.
- a transcranial map (transcranial map _LPBA) having 35 sub-regions is stereotactically positioned on the BNU map (shown in Figure 5(d)) and in three different views ( Figure 5 (e)) Presented with a color coding scheme inherited from the LPBA map.
- the invisible sub-regions are mainly located in the medial and ventral parts of the brain and are inaccessible through brain mapping techniques.
- sub-regions that are visible but small in the transcranial map may correspond to large structures in the original brain map.
- the anterior wedge is such a sub-region that most of it is located in the central longitudinal fissure, so the dimensions of the same labeled region in the transcranial map and the corresponding brain map are not necessarily comparable.
- the MMP of the transcranial map _LPBA in Figure 5(c) shows high agreement (up to 98%) in each sub-region, while low consistency only occurs near the border.
- the present invention first provides a theoretical framework based on a two-step Markov chain model as a transcranial brain map.
- the first step is the cranio-cortical mapping from the scalp position in the CPC space to the underlined cortical position in the MNI space.
- the second step is to construct a transcranial brain map using a traditional brain map, essentially a mapping from the cortical location of the MNI space to the map label space.
- the present invention provides a scalable transcranial brain model using a probabilistic framework, and the brain map used in the second step above can be replaced by any other brain map.
- a transcranial brain map used to provide functionality for a specific application.
- the effectiveness of the transcranial map is mainly reflected in two main aspects.
- the construction of the transcranial brain map is to estimate the horizontal anatomical information of the population by sampling some individuals in the population. Therefore, the results of the transcranial brain map constructed on different samples of the population should be consistent.
- the transcranial brain map finally needs to use the anatomical knowledge of the population level to realize the localization and navigation of the individual transcranial data. Therefore, the group-individual predictability based on the transcranial brain map is also the evaluation of the validity of the transcranial brain map. Another important indicator.
- transcranial brain map In order to verify the transcranial brain map we constructed, its performance was quantified in two ways in the embodiments of the present invention.
- high reproducibility means that the population of the brains constructed from different samples of the same population is similar.
- the second indicator of effectiveness is predictability. High predictability means that we can replace an individual's transcranial map with a population of brain maps at a higher confidence level. In the absence of an individual structural image, this means that the experimenter can use the population transcranial brain map to predict probe placement on an individual subject or patient's head.
- the structural sMRI data set of 114 participants was randomly divided into two groups (GA and GB) with 57 participants in each group.
- GA and GB were used to construct a transcranial map 57A and a transcranial map 57B, respectively.
- the reproducibility of the population transcranial map was assessed by estimating the agreement between the transcranial brain map 57A and the transcranial brain map 57B.
- 114 participants' sMRI data were randomized into a construction group (GC, 92 participants) and a test group (GT, 22 participants).
- a transcranial brain map constructed on the construction group was used to predict the individual transcranial map of each participant in the test group. That is to say, the maximum likelihood label from the brain transcranial brain map is compared with the corresponding label from the individual transcranial brain map, and the correct rate of prediction accuracy is calculated for each CPC point p, and a prediction accuracy map is obtained.
- the individual transcranial map of the participants of any of the test groups shown in Figure 6(a) is very similar to the predicted transcranial map (i.e., transcranial map 92) as shown in Figure 6(b).
- the area coded in yellow is the area with an accuracy of more than 90%, and the area predicted by the red code is less than 90%. It can be seen that the area with low accuracy is located near the boundary. .
- transcranial brain map _AAL The following is a brief introduction to the prediction results of the transcranial brain map _AAL and the transcranial brain map _BA.
- the median prediction accuracy at the group level is as high as 0.91, indicating an overall high prediction accuracy.
- the cortical projection points corresponding to the same skull landmark points of different subjects have the correspondence of sulci-return or brain map partition level.
- this correspondence ensures the placement of the transcranial imaging device based on the position of the skull, which ensures the consistency of the level of the ditch between different people; on the other hand, the corresponding position of the cortex of the verified 10-20 landmark can be used.
- the position of the cortex that can be detected by the transcranial imaging device is predicted without relying on individual anatomy or brain imaging information.
- transcranial mapping techniques such as fNIRS
- additional sMRI scans are rarely performed.
- the population transcranial map can be used here as prior knowledge to show the most likely placement of a particular target, as well as the most likely anatomical label for each scalp location.
- the median prediction accuracy is higher than 0.9, and the error mainly occurs near the boundary of the label area.
- sMRI scans are more common.
- individual transcranial maps can be further constructed based on individual transcranial models to provide more assured marker accuracy.
- the present invention further provides a transcranial brain map prediction device which can be applied in clinical treatment.
- the transcranial atlas prediction device can be fabricated into a helmet or headgear shape to cover a relatively complete scalp surface.
- the brain transcranial map image obtained by the present invention can be overprinted or inkjet printed on the upper surface of the transcranial brain prediction device, and the lower surface of the transcranial map prediction device is in close contact with the user's scalp surface in actual use.
- the transcranial map predicting device can be simplified into a cap similar to a swimming cap printed with a group of images of the brain.
- the head cover is made of cotton cloth or chemical fiber material, and the cost is low, which is convenient for large-scale popularization.
- the transcranial brain map generation method is used to obtain an individual's transcranial map image of a certain user, the image may also be directly printed or printed on a blank hood, thereby presenting the individual user on the hood.
- the transcranial brain map image When the user performs the corresponding clinical treatment of the brain, the headgear can be carried with him to help the doctor to accurately locate.
- a plurality of small holes are distributed on the surface of the transcranial brain prediction device, so that the transcranial imaging device or the transcranial therapeutic device probe contacts the surface of the user's scalp through the small holes, thereby realizing corresponding intracranial brain observation or treatment operation.
- the small holes for the probe to pass through are preferably arranged in a lattice shape according to different sub-regions in the image of the brain through the brain image, wherein for small sub-regions, the arrangement density of the small holes may be larger (ie, the arrangement is more dense). For larger sub-areas, the arrangement density of the small holes can be smaller (ie, the arrangement is relatively loose). This ensures that the probe can find enough operating positions regardless of the area of the area when operating in different sub-areas.
- the transcranial brain map provided by the invention can effectively solve the localization problem in transcranial brain imaging research.
- the establishment of the skull coordinate system can accurately describe the placement space of the entire skull surface space, that is, the transcranial imaging device, and ensure the repeatability of the placement position between different individuals.
- the correspondence between the standard skull space and the standard brain space allows the researcher or doctor to obtain the corresponding MNI spatial coordinates directly from the placement position of the skull through the transcranial imaging device, thus solving the transcranial condition without the MRI structure image.
- the problem of positioning data Third, the brain marking information on the surface of the skull of the subject is displayed in reverse to facilitate accurate placement of the transcranial imaging device in an intuitive manner.
- the transcranial brain map provided by the present invention projects invisible intra-cerebral map label information onto the visible scalp, so that the researcher or the doctor can directly use the brain structure and function map information, thereby greatly improving the brain map.
- the role of brain mapping technology in use is essential to the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 一种经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:(1)在个体层面创建颅面坐标系;(2)建立用于连接颅骨位置与大脑位置的经颅映射系统;(3)使用马尔可夫链中的两步随机过程构建经颅脑图谱。
- 如权利要求1所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于所述步骤(1)包括如下子步骤:(11)在头皮表面识别五个颅骨标记Nz、Iz、AL、AR和Cz;(12)将头皮表面和通过Nz、Cz和Iz的平面之间的相交曲线定义为颅骨赤道;(13)给出头皮表面上的点p,经度曲线可以唯一地确定为头皮表面和通过AL、AR和p的平面之间的相交曲线,p'是颅骨赤道与经度曲线之间的交叉点;(14)上头皮的任意点p由一对非负实数(p e,p l)唯一确定:p e=L NZ-p’/L e,p e∈[01]p l=L AL-p/L AL-p-AR,p l∈[01]其中,L Nz-p'是沿着颅骨赤道的Nz到p'的曲线长度,L e是颅骨赤道的全长;L AL-p是沿着全长为L AL-p-AR的经度曲线从AL到p的曲线长度。
- 如权利要求2所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于所述步骤(1)还包括步骤(15):在标准半球上建立CPC空间;使用Hammer-Aitoff投影对带有CPC坐标的半球进行平面化,生成在扁平椭圆上呈现的CPC坐标系的地图。
- 如权利要求1所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)包括如下子步骤:使用气球膨胀模型在个体空间中确定对应于给定的头皮表面任意点p的底层皮层位置c;在所有皮层位置被空间标准化为MNI空间之后,聚合所有(p,c)对,生成确定性的个体经颅脑映射模型。
- 如权利要求4所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)还包括如下步骤:集成所有个体模型来生成群体层面的概率经颅脑映射模型:P(c|p);其中,p(p e,p l)∈CPC,c(x,y,z)∈C,C是MNI空间的子集。
- 如权利要求5所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于所述步骤(3)还包括如下步骤:(31)给定点p(p e,p l)通过概率经颅映射P(c|p)被映射到MNI空间中的皮层位置c(x,y,z);(32)皮层位置c(x,y,z)被映射到标号空间L中的标号l。
- 如权利要求7所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于所述步骤(32)中使用LPBA40脑图谱、AAL标号图谱或Talairach图谱中的任意一种。
- 如权利要求1所述的经颅脑图谱生成方法,其特征在于还包括步骤(4):生成最大似然标号图和/或最大概率图。
- 一种面向群体应用的经颅脑图谱预测方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:针对群体中的单独个体,当经颅设备的探头在给定坐标的头皮表 面的任意位置进行刺激或记录时,通过权利要求1~10中任意一项所述的经颅脑图谱给出每个靶向脑区域被探及的概率。
- 如权利要求1所述的经颅脑图谱预测方法,其特征在于:所述经颅设备为经颅脑成像装置或经颅脑治疗装置中的任意一种。
- 一种面向群体应用的经颅脑图谱预测装置,用于实施权利要求11或12所述的经颅脑图谱预测方法,其特征在于:所述经颅脑图谱预测装置为头盔或者头套形状,其上表面覆盖有权利要求1~10中任意一项所述的经颅脑图谱,下表面在使用时紧贴用户的头皮表面。
- 如权利要求13所述的经颅脑图谱预测装置,其特征在于:在所述经颅脑图谱预测装置的表面分布有若干小孔,用于供经颅设备的探头通过所述小孔接触用户的头皮表面。
- 如权利要求13所述的经颅脑图谱预测装置,其特征在于:所述小孔根据经颅脑图谱图像中的不同子区域排列成点阵形状,其排列密度根据所述子区域的面积呈反向变化。
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