WO2019104701A1

WO2019104701A1 - Locking device and opening/closing mechanism having same

Info

Publication number: WO2019104701A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/114160
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘辉; 王坤; 陈凯; 张贺; 刘佺; 黄慧; 刘旭东
Original assignee: 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司
Priority date: 2017-12-01
Filing date: 2017-12-01
Publication date: 2019-06-06
Also published as: CN210422277U

Abstract

Disclosed are a locking device (1) and an opening/closing mechanism (2) having the locking device (1), belonging to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology. The locking device (1) comprises a housing (101) having a housing first end (1011) and a housing second end (1012), wherein the first end (1011) is provided with a hole (1013), and the second end (1012) is provided with an opening (1014); a rod (102) is arranged in the housing (101), the rod (102) extends in the direction of the housing first end (1011) through the hole (1013) to the outside of the housing (101), and an end (1023) of the rod (102) located outside the housing (101) is provided with a fastener (105); a second end (1024) of the rod (102) is provided with a protruding component (106) located outside the housing (101), and a gap (107) is formed between the protruding component (106) and the housing (101); a spring (103) in a preloaded state is sleeved on the rod (102); and the second end (1024) is further provided with a first shaft (108). Further disclosed is an opening/closing mechanism (2) having the locking device (1), the opening/closing mechanism (2) being used for opening and closing a cowl (202).

Description

Locking device and opening and closing mechanism having the same

Technical field

The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a locking device and an opening and closing mechanism having the same.

Background technique

In order to realize reconnection or return rescue on the train, the high-speed EMU usually installs a front-end opening and closing mechanism at the head of the train. The front end opening and closing mechanism is an important component of the EMU. During the normal operation of the EMU (ie, in the non-reconnection state), the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state. At this time, the front rectification hatch is closed, so that the high-speed EMU has a good Aerodynamic shape to prevent the entry of blades, dust, ice and snow, while protecting the hooks and other facilities inside the front fairing; in the case of return or rescue, the opening and closing mechanism can be opened automatically or manually to open the front fairing hatch. Extend the automatic hook to achieve normal hooking.

At present, the common front end opening and closing structure usually consists of a pushing device and a locking device. In order to achieve opening and closing of the opening and closing mechanism and to achieve reliable locking, the conventional opening and closing mechanism is usually provided by a plurality of independent locking devices. Therefore, the opening and closing process and the locking process of the opening and closing mechanism often require different actions to complete, and two or more different cylinders are required to complete the different actions to meet the requirements, which results in the mechanical mechanism and automatic control principle of the opening and closing mechanism. It is more complicated, the corresponding cost is also high, and its reliability is also reduced.

The Chinese patent application CN201206386Y discloses a front cover opening and closing mechanism which provides a four-bar linkage device to realize a swing mechanism for driving the left and right portions of the front cover to automatically open and close along a set track. The essence is that the mounting wing rotates around the rotating shaft to realize the opening or closing function. The embodiment is that under the action of the opening and closing cylinder, the connecting seat is pulled forward and backward, and the connecting wing is applied to the mounting wing to realize the opening and closing of the mounting wing. .

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a locking device having a simple and reliable structure, convenient maintenance, and low cost, and an opening and closing mechanism having the locking device, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the opening and closing mechanism of the front end of the existing railway vehicle high-speed EMU.

An embodiment of the present application provides a locking device including a housing; wherein the housing has a first end of the housing and a second end of the housing; the first end defines a hole, the second The end has an opening; the rod body is disposed in the housing, the rod body extends through the hole to the outside of the housing along the direction of the first end of the housing, and the end of the rod body outside the housing is a first end portion, and the rod body is provided with a first end portion a fastener; a second end of the shaft is provided with a protruding member outside the housing, the protruding member The diameter is larger than the diameter of the opening, and a gap is formed between the protruding member and the housing; the rod body is provided with a spring, and when the gap is zero, the spring is at least compressed in the rod body; the second end portion A first axis is also provided.

As a preferred embodiment, the spring is pre-stressed on the shaft.

As a preferred embodiment, the roller is rotatably fitted over the first shaft.

As a preferred embodiment, a cover plate is disposed above the first shaft and the roller, and the diameter of the cover plate is larger than the outer diameter of the roller.

As a preferred embodiment, the rod body is a cylinder rotatable in the housing; a first baffle is disposed between the front surface of the protruding member and the front surface of the housing, the protrusion A second baffle is disposed between the rear surface of the component and the rear surface of the housing.

As a preferred embodiment, the rod body is divided into a first section and a second section, the first end is located on the first section, and the second end is located on the second section; the first section The diameter of the second section is smaller than the diameter of the second section; the first section is fitted with a spring that is pre-compressed in a cavity formed between the second section of the shaft and the first end of the housing.

As a preferred embodiment, the first shaft is mounted on the protruding member; or the first shaft and the protruding member are in an integrated structure; or the rod body, the protruding member and the first shaft are an integral structure .

A second embodiment of the present application provides an opening and closing mechanism having the locking device, including a bottom plate, a fairing, a support arm, and a power source pushing cylinder; the bottom plate is provided with a third shaft, and the supporting arm One end is rotatably fitted on the third shaft, the second end of the support arm is coupled to the fairing through the fairing mount; the locking device is provided with a second shaft; and the locking device is rotatably mounted through the second shaft a sliding slot is formed on the support arm, a first shaft of the locking device is slidably located in the sliding slot; and a locking device is coupled to the piston rod of the power source pushing cylinder, so that the piston rod pushes the locking device relative to Rotating on the bottom plate, and the first shaft slides in the chute, causing the support arm to push the fairing mount to open or close the fairing; the opening and closing mechanism is also provided with a closed limit stop and an open limit stop .

As a preferred embodiment, each structure and connection relationship in the opening and closing mechanism has two sets and is symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate; the fairing is divided into a first fairing and a second fairing, and supports The arm is divided into a first support arm and a second support arm, the cylinder is divided into a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the locking device is divided into a first locking device and a second locking device; the opening and closing mechanism shares the same bottom plate and the third a shaft; a first end of the first support arm and a first end of the second support arm are each fitted on the third shaft.

Or, as a preferred embodiment, each structure and connection relationship in the opening and closing mechanism has two sets and is symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate; the fairing is divided into a first fairing and a second fairing. The support arm is divided into a first support arm and a second support arm, the cylinder is divided into a first cylinder and a second cylinder, and the locking device is divided into a first locking device and a second locking device; The opening and closing mechanism shares the same bottom plate; the opening and closing mechanism further includes a fourth shaft, the third shaft and the fourth shaft are symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate; the first end of the first support arm is installed at the first end On the three axes, the first end of the second support arm is mounted on the fourth shaft.

As a preferred embodiment, the connection of the locking device to the piston rod at the connection position is articulated.

As a preferred embodiment, the connection position is located on the housing, or on the protruding member, or on the first baffle or the second baffle.

In a preferred embodiment, the closing limit stop is disposed at an end near the closing direction of the fairing, and includes a first protrusion and a first receiving portion, one of which can restrict the continued movement of the other; The opening limit stop is disposed at an end near the opening direction of the fairing, and includes a second protrusion and a second receiving portion, one of which can restrict the continued movement of the other.

In a preferred embodiment, the first protrusion is disposed at one end of the bottom plate near the closing direction of the fairing, and the first receiving portion is disposed at one end of the support arm near the closing direction of the fairing; or The position at which a protrusion and the first receiving portion are disposed may be interchanged;

Or the first protrusion is disposed at one end of the fairing near the closing direction of the fairing, and the first receiving portion is disposed at one end of the bottom plate near the closing direction of the fairing; or, the first protrusion and the first The setting positions of the receiving parts can be interchanged;

The second protrusion is disposed at one end of the bottom plate adjacent to the opening direction of the fairing, and the second receiving portion is disposed at one end of the support arm near the opening direction of the fairing; or the second protrusion and the second receiving portion The set positions can be interchanged;

Or the second protrusion is disposed at one end of the fairing near the opening direction of the fairing, and the second receiving portion is disposed at one end of the bottom plate near the opening direction of the fairing; or, the second protrusion and the second The setting positions of the receiving sections are interchangeable.

As a preferred embodiment, the length of the chute is controlled when the locking device and the chute are perpendicular to each other, and the side of the chute near the second end of the support arm has a margin for the locking device to self-lock.

As a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the second shaft further has an extension to achieve manual unlocking or locking.

The beneficial effects of the application are:

The utility model has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, low cost, high stability and convenient maintenance. A power source is used to realize the opening and closing state of the opening and closing mechanism, and the mechanical self-locking is generated by the "dead point" mode, and the opening and closing mechanism is locked. It is kept in a predetermined state; the present application realizes the opening and closing by one action, and simultaneously realizes the locking function of the opening and closing mechanism, without additionally adding a power source, and changing the prior art opening and closing mechanism to realize the locking function, and additionally adding Locking device and power source Now that the opening and closing mechanism has a self-locking function, the structure of the opening and closing mechanism is simplified.

In addition, the lower end of the locking device of the present application is provided with an extension of the second shaft, and the manual unlocking or the manual locking are all operated by the extending portion, thereby making manual unlocking and manual locking simple.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a locking device;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view 1 of the locking device;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view 2 of the locking device;

Figure 4 is an exploded view and a combination view of the locking device;

Figure 5 is a front perspective view of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 6 is a rear perspective view of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 7 is a plan view 1 of the first embodiment of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 8 is a plan view 2 of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 9 is a plan view 3 of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 10 is a plan view 4 of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 11 is a plan view 5 of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 12 is a plan view 6 of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 13 is a plan view 7 of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 14 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 15 is a closed state view of a third embodiment of the opening and closing mechanism;

Figure 16 is an open state view of a third embodiment of the opening and closing mechanism;

Numbering: 1 locking device, 11 first locking device, 12 second locking device, 101 housing, 1011 housing first end, 1012 housing second end, 1013 hole, 1014 opening; 102 rod body, 1021 first Segment, 1022 second segment, 1023 first end, 1024 second end, 103 spring, 104 cavity, 105 fastener, 106 protruding part, 107 gap, 108 first axis, 109 roller, 110 cover , 111 connector, 112 second shaft; 113 first baffle; 114 second baffle; 115 extension;

2 opening and closing mechanism, 201 bottom plate, 202 fairing, 221 first fairing, 222 second fairing, 203 support arm, 231 first support arm, 232 second support arm, 2031 support arm first end, 2032 support arm Second end, 2033 chute, 204 power source push cylinder, 241 first cylinder, 242 second cylinder, 2041 piston rod, 205 third shaft, 206 fairing mount, 207 connection position, 208 closing limit stop, 2081 first bulge, 2082 first receiving part, 209 hits The limit stop is opened, the second protrusion of 2091, the second receiving part of 2092, and the fourth axis of 210.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the elements, structures, and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated into other embodiments without further recitation.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; "inside", "outside", "previous" "," "back", etc. are relative to the direction in the figure, not an absolute limit on its position. The embodiments described are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application. And improvements are intended to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present application.

1 locking device

As shown in FIG. 1-3, a locking device 1 includes a housing 101. The housing 101 includes a first end 1011 of the housing and a second end 1012 of the housing. The first end 1011 defines a hole 1013. The second end 1012 has an opening 1014.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the housing 101 is provided with a rod body 102. The rod body 102 is preferably a cylindrical structure; the rod body 102 is provided with a spring 103; the rod body 102 is along the first end of the housing. The direction of 1011 extends through the aperture 1013 to the outside of the housing 101. The end of the shaft 102 outside the housing is a first end 1023 on which a fastener 105 is disposed.

Since the fastener 105 is located outside the casing, it can be seen that the diameter thereof is larger than the diameter of the hole to prevent the spring force of the spring 103 or the pulling force of the other members against the rod body 102 in the working state, so that the first end portion 1023 of the rod body enters the casing 101, preventing the rod body 102 from entering. The housing 101 is detached from the second end 1012 of the housing. The fastener 105 may be of a conventional fixing structure such as a nut to facilitate installation and disassembly.

The rod body 102 also has a second end portion 1024 that is provided with a protruding member 106 outside the housing 101, the protruding member 106 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the opening 1014, and A gap 107 is formed between the protruding member 106 and the housing 101, as shown in FIG. When the rod body 102 moves the compressible spring 103 toward the first end 1011, when the protruding member 106 comes into contact with the housing 101, when the gap 107 is zero, the protruding member 106 is blocked by the housing 101 and cannot continue to the first position. Movement of the end 1011 prevents the spring 103 from being over-compressed; at this point, the fastener 105 has left the first end 1011 of the housing, as shown in FIG.

The second end 1024 is also provided with a first shaft 108.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the rod body 102 can be divided into a first segment 1021 and a second segment 1022, and the first end portion 1023 is located on the first segment 1021, The second end 1024 is located on the second segment 1022; The diameter of the first segment 1021 is less than the diameter of the second segment 1022. Both the first segment 1021 and the second segment 1022 are preferably cylindrical structures.

As a preferred embodiment, the first segment 1021 is fitted with a spring 103, which is located in a cavity 104 formed between the second segment 1022 of the shaft and the first end 1011 of the housing. It can be seen that the outer diameter of the spring 103 is smaller than the diameter of the second section 1022 and larger than the diameter of the aperture 1013 to constrain the spring 103 within the space between the second section 1022 and the first end 1011.

It can be understood that when the rod 102 is not divided into the first section and the second section, the spring 103 can be located on the rod between the protruding member 106 and the first end 1011 of the housing.

As a preferred embodiment, the spring 103 is pre-pressed on the rod body 102, as shown in FIG. 2, and can be pre-stressed in the cavity 104; the pre-compression means that the spring 103 is always compressed. That is, from the time of installation, it is pre-compressed on the rod. When the fastener 105 is close to the first end 1011 of the housing, it is in a first compression state, which is a minimum compression state, as shown in FIG. 2; when the gap 107 is zero, it is a second compression state, which is a maximum compression state, such as Figure 3 shows.

As a preferred embodiment, the first shaft 108 can be mounted on the protruding member 106, such that the first shaft 108 can also function as the protruding member 106 at the same time; or as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, Both can be a one-piece structure.

As a preferred embodiment, the rod body 102, the protruding member 106 and the first shaft 108 may be a unitary structure, and are integrally manufactured during molding, thereby saving installation cost.

As a preferred embodiment, the roller 109 is rotatably fitted over the first shaft 108.

As a preferred embodiment, a cover plate 110 is disposed above the first shaft 108 and the roller 109. The diameter of the cover plate 110 is larger than the outer diameter of the roller 109 to prevent the roller 109 from rising upward during the rotation. Move away from the first axis 108. The cover plate 110 can be fixed to the first shaft 108 by means of a connecting member 111 such as a screw, a screw, a pin or the like.

As a preferred embodiment, the housing 101 is provided with a second shaft 112 to which the locking device 1 can be mounted; the second shaft 112 is preferably disposed adjacent to the first end 1011 for locking the locking device 1 Fixed to other parts.

As a preferred embodiment, when the rod body 102 is a cylinder, it can be rotated in the housing 101, as shown in FIG. 4, thereby driving the protruding member 106 and the first shaft 108 to rotate in the forward and backward directions. The first shaft 108 can be rotated to the horizontal direction. Taking the movement of the locking device 1 in the chute as an example, when the locking device 1 moves in the chute and fails, the first shaft 108 can be rotated to the horizontal direction, so that the overall height of the locking device 1 is lowered, so as to facilitate it. Take it out under the chute. Under this configuration, when the locking device 1 is moved in the chute, in order to prevent the first shaft 108 from being rotated by the front and rear sides, as a preferred embodiment, the front surface of the protruding member 106 and the A first baffle 113 is disposed between the front surface of the casing 101, and a second baffle 114 is disposed between the rear surface of the protruding member 106 and the rear surface of the casing 101, such as Figure 4 shows. The baffle may be fixed to the front and rear surfaces of the locking device 1 by a connecting member such as a screw or the like. Therefore, when the locking device 1 is in operation, the baffle is fixed on the locking device 1; when disassembling, only the baffle is removed, and then the rod 102 is rotated to move the first shaft 108 and the roller 109 from the chute. Move out in the middle without having to dismantle the complex support arm.

2 opening and closing mechanism with locking device

As shown in FIGS. 5-7, an opening and closing mechanism 2 having a locking device includes a bottom plate 201, a fairing 202, a support arm 203, and a power source pushing cylinder 204.

The bottom plate 201 is provided with a third shaft 205. The first end 2031 of the support arm is rotatably fitted on the third shaft 205, and the second end 2032 of the support arm is connected to the fairing 202 through the fairing mount 206.

The bottom plate 201 is further provided with a locking device 1 as described above, and the locking device 1 is rotatably mounted on the bottom plate 201 via the second shaft 112.

A sliding slot 2033 is defined in the support arm 203. The first shaft 108 of the locking device 1 is located in the sliding slot 2033 and can slide in the sliding slot 2033. The locking device 1 is coupled to the piston rod 2041 of the power source pushing cylinder 204. Connection, the connection position 207 of the two is located in the extending direction of the second shaft 112 toward the second end 1012, so that the piston rod 2041 can push the locking device 1 to rotate relative to the bottom plate 201 through the connection position 207, and the first shaft 108 is sliding Sliding in the slot 2033 causes the support arm 203 to push the fairing mount 206, thereby opening or closing the fairing 202.

The opening and closing mechanism 2 is provided with a closing limit stop 208 and an opening limit stop 209.

As a preferred embodiment, each of the above structures and connection relationships has two sets in the opening and closing mechanism 2, and is symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate 201, as shown in FIG. 5-13; that is, the fairing 202 is divided into first The fairing 221 and the second fairing 222 and the supporting arm 203 are divided into a first supporting arm 231 and a second supporting arm 232. The cylinder 204 is divided into a first cylinder 241 and a second cylinder 242, and the locking device 1 is divided into a first locking device. 11 and the second locking device 12, etc.; the opening and closing mechanism 2 can share the same bottom plate 201 and the third shaft 205. At this time, the first ends 2031 of the first support arm 231 and the second support arm 232 are all fitted on the third shaft 205.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14 , a fourth shaft 210 is further disposed on the opening and closing mechanism 2 , and the third shaft 205 and the fourth shaft 210 are symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate 201 ; The first end of the first support arm 231 is mounted on the third shaft 205, and the first end of the second support arm 232 is mounted on the fourth shaft 210.

With respect to the case where one rotating shaft (third shaft 205) is provided, when two rotating shafts are provided (the third shaft 205 and the fourth shaft 210), on the one hand, the mutual influence between the two supporting arms can be reduced, especially in The mutual friction between the rotating shafts in the axial direction; on the other hand, the two supporting arms can be located at the same horizontal plane, avoiding the difference between the high and low when sharing one axis ring.

As a preferred embodiment, the connection manner of the locking device 1 and the piston rod 2041 at the connection position 207 may be an articulation, such as a ball joint. The connection position 207 may be located on the housing 101, such as the lower end of the housing 101 (as shown in FIG. 1), or may be located on the protruding member 106, or may be located on the first flap 113 or the second flap 114. . The closer the connection position 207 is to the second end portion 1024 of the shaft, the further away from the second shaft 112, the easier the piston rod 2041 can push the rotation of the locking device 1.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5-7, the closing limit stop 208 is disposed at one end near the closing direction of the fairing, and may include a first protrusion 2081 and a first receiving portion 2082, one of which The other party's continued motion can be restricted, and the two interact and cooperate with each other to prevent the fairing 202 from reaching the set closed degree and then continue to close, thereby avoiding damage to the fairing 202. The opening limit stop 209 is disposed at one end near the opening direction of the fairing, and may include a second protrusion 2091 and a second receiving portion 2092, one of which may restrict the continued movement of the other side, and the two interact and cooperate with each other. It is used to prevent the fairing 202 from reaching the desired degree of opening and then continue to open.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5-7, the first protrusion 2081 is disposed on one end of the bottom plate 201 near the closing direction of the fairing 202, and the first receiving portion 2082 is disposed on the support arm 203. Near one end of the fairing 202 in the closing direction. Alternatively, the positions of the first protrusions 2081 and the first receiving portion 2082 may be interchanged.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5-7, the second protrusion 2091 is disposed on one end of the bottom plate 201 near the opening direction of the fairing 202, and the second receiving portion 2092 is disposed on the support arm 203. Near one end of the fairing 202 opening direction. Alternatively, the positions at which the second protrusions 2091 and the second receiving portion 2092 are disposed may be interchanged.

As an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the first protrusion 2081 is disposed on one end of the fairing 202 near the closing direction of the fairing 202, and the first receiving portion 2082 is disposed on the bottom plate. One end of 201 is near the closing direction of the fairing 202. Alternatively, the positions of the first protrusions 2081 and the first receiving portion 2082 may be interchanged.

As an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the second protrusion 2091 is disposed on one end of the fairing 202 near the opening direction of the fairing 202, and the second receiving portion 2092 is disposed on the bottom plate. 201 is adjacent one end of the fairing 202 opening direction. Alternatively, the positions at which the second protrusions 2091 and the second receiving portion 2092 are disposed may be interchanged.

The position of the above-mentioned

limit stop

208, 209 is not limited to the above embodiment, and the purpose is to prevent the fairing from being continuously closed after reaching a certain degree of opening and closing by the mutual interference of the protrusion and the receiving portion. Or open to reduce damage to the fairing.

As a preferred embodiment, the length of the sliding slot 2033 is controlled when the locking device 1 and the sliding slot 2033 are perpendicular to each other, and the side of the sliding slot 2033 near the second end 2032 of the supporting arm still has a margin for locking. The device 1 is self-locking.

The following is an example of an opening and closing mechanism having a locking device to illustrate the working process and working principle of the present application:

The steps of the opening and closing mechanism 2 from the closed state to the open state are sequentially shown in steps of FIG. 7 to FIG. 13, and when the step is reversed, the opening and closing mechanism 2 is from the open state to the closed state; :

(1) Open process:

7 to 13, the locking device 1 is rotated about the bottom plate 1 by the power source pushing cylinder 4 (retracted), wherein the first locking device 11 on the left side rotates clockwise, and the second lock on the right side. The device 12 rotates in a counterclockwise direction; the roller 109 of the locking device 1 rolls in the chute 2033 of the support arm 203, and simultaneously drives the support arm 203 to rotate about the third shaft 205, and the fairing 202 is rotated to the open state by the support arm 203. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the support arm 203 cannot continue to rotate under the action of the open state limit stop 209, and the locking device 1 continues to rotate the roller 109 to be compressed against the spring force.

It should be noted that when the locking device 1 is rotated until the central axis thereof is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the support arm 203 (ie, the outer casing 101 is substantially perpendicular to the support arm 203), that is, the critical point of opening the mechanical "dead point" is reached, at this time locking The second shaft 112 of the device 1 is closest to the support arm 203 and at this time the second protrusion 2091 and the second receiving portion 2092 are in contact with each other to interfere with each other, and the spring 103 is compressed to the shortest state, possibly as described above. a second compression state, as shown in FIG. 12; when the rotation locking device 1 is continued, under the action of the second protrusion 2091 and the second receiving portion 2092, the roller 109 of the locking device 1 continues to roll in the chute 2033, thereby crossing The mechanical "dead point", at this time, the distance from the second shaft 112 to the support arm 203 is not the furthest distance, so that the spring 103 is partially released, as shown in Fig. 13, at which time the open state is defined. In the state shown in Fig. 13, if the roller 109 wants to reverse the mechanical dead point (i.e., the left roller wants to rotate counterclockwise) and moves in the chute 2033, then an external force must be applied to cause the spring 103 to be driven. The state of 13 is compressed to the state of Fig. 12 (i.e., the force required to cause the spring to be further compressed), and therefore, if no external force is supplied, the locking device 1 is in a self-locking state in the case of Fig. 13. It is a very stable state; even if the entire opening and closing mechanism is subjected to some vibration, the locking device 1 is often not released from the self-locking state, so that the opening and closing mechanism is maintained in the open position.

(2) Closing process:

As shown in Fig. 13 to Fig. 7, the air cylinder 4 telescopically pushes the locking device 1 to rotate, and the locking device 1 enters the "dead point" position (Fig. 12) by the open self-locking state (Fig. 13) due to an external force, thereby being disengaged. a "dead point" position; wherein the first locking device 11 on the left side rotates in a counterclockwise direction, and the second locking device 12 on the right side rotates in a clockwise direction; at this time, the scroll 109 rolls in the chute 2033 while driving The support arm 203 is rotated about the third shaft 205, and the fairing 202 is rotated to the closed state by the support arm 203. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 7, the support arm 203 cannot continue to rotate under the action of the closed state limit stop 208. At this time, the locking device 1 continues to rotate the roller 109 to be compressed against the spring force.

It should be noted that when the locking device 1 is rotated until the central axis thereof is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the support arm 203, the mechanical "dead point" critical point is reached, at which time the second shaft 112 of the locking device 1 is away from the support arm 203. Recently, and at this time, the first protrusion 2081 and the first receiving portion 2082 are in contact with each other to interfere with each other, and the spring 103 is compressed to the shortest state, possibly in the second compressed state as described above, as shown in FIG. 8; When the locking device 1 is continuously rotated, under the action of the first protrusion 2081 and the first receiving portion 2082, the roller 109 of the locking device 1 continues to roll in the chute 2033, so that the roller on the left side is counterclockwise and the roller on the right side is smooth. When the hour hand passes the mechanical dead point, at this time, the distance from the second shaft 112 to the support arm 203 is not the farthest distance, so that the spring 103 is partially released, as shown in Fig. 7, at which time the closed state is defined. In the state shown in Fig. 7, if the roller 109 wants to reverse the mechanical dead point (for example, the left wheel wants to rotate clockwise) and moves in the chute 2033, then an external force must be applied to cause the spring 103 to be The state of Fig. 7 can be achieved by being compressed to the state of Fig. 8. Therefore, if no external force is supplied, the locking device 1 is in a self-locking state in the case of Fig. 7, and is a very stable state; The opening and closing mechanism is kept in the closed position.

As a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the second shaft 112 further has an extension portion 115 for manual unlocking or locking; the extension portion 115 is preferably a polygonal cylinder, as shown in FIG. The structure of the shaped cylinder.

Manual unlocking process: as shown in FIG. 7 (refer to FIG. 6 at the same time, but the orientation is based on FIG. 7), the first locking device 11 and the second locking device 12 are both in a self-locking state, taking the first locking device 11 as an example. The description will be made; when the cylinder 204 is faulty, the locking device 11 cannot be pulled to rotate clockwise; in order to unlock the first locking device 11 beyond the "dead point", a wrench, such as an Allen key, is used to extend the extension of the second shaft 112. 115, the extension portion 115 is rotated clockwise, so that the first locking device 11 also rotates clockwise along the second shaft 112 to move to the right side of the chute 2033, thereby crossing the "dead point" state shown in FIG. Continue to rotate clockwise and then unlock (as shown in Figure 9).

The step of manual locking is opposite to the step of manual unlocking, that is, by the process of FIGS. 9 to 7, by rotating the extension 115 of the second shaft 112 counterclockwise, so that the first locking device 11 also rotates counterclockwise, thereby achieving FIG. The self-locking state shown.

In the present application, the unlocking and locking of the opening and closing mechanism can be completed by a wrench, such as an Allen key, and the rotation locking device 1 is realized, and the manual unlocking and manual locking are very simple.

Claims

A locking device (1) comprising a housing (101); wherein

The housing (101) has a first end (1011) of the housing and a second end (1012) of the housing; the first end (1011) defines a hole (1013), and the second end (1012) has Opening (1014);

A rod body (102) is disposed in the casing (101), and the rod body (102) extends through the hole (1013) to the outside of the casing (101) in a direction of the first end (1011) of the casing, the rod body (102) The end portion outside the housing is a first end portion (1023), and a fastener (105) is disposed thereon;

The second end portion (1024) of the rod body (102) is provided with a protruding member (106) outside the casing (101), the protruding member (106) having a diameter larger than the diameter of the opening (1014), And forming a gap (107) between the protruding member (106) and the housing (101);

The rod body (102) is provided with a spring (103), and when the gap (107) is zero, the spring (10) 3 is at least compressed in the rod body (102);

The second end (1024) is also provided with a first shaft (108).
A locking device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (103) is pre-stressed on the shaft (102).
A locking device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller (109) is rotatably fitted over the first shaft (108).
A locking device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that a cover plate (110) is provided above the first shaft (108) and the roller (109), the diameter of the cover plate (110) being larger than The outer diameter of the roller (109).
A locking device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rod (102) is a cylinder rotatable in a housing (101); the protruding member (106) A first baffle (113) is disposed between the front surface and the front surface of the casing (101), and a rear surface of the protruding member (106) and a rear surface of the casing (101) are disposed Second baffle (114).
The locking device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rod body (102) is divided into a first section (1021) and a second section (1022), the first end (1023) is located on the first segment (1021), the second end portion (1024) is located on the second segment (1022); the diameter of the first segment (1021) is smaller than the diameter of the second segment (1022); The first section (1021) is provided with a spring (103) preloaded on a cavity (104) formed between the second section (1022) of the shaft and the first end (1011) of the housing. in.
Locking device (1) according to any of the claims 1-4, characterized in that the first shaft (108) is mounted On the protruding member (106); or the first shaft (108) and the protruding member (106) are a unitary structure; or the rod body (102), the protruding member (106) and the first shaft (108) It is a one-piece structure.
An opening and closing mechanism (2) having a locking device, comprising a bottom plate (201), a fairing (202), a support arm (203), and a power source pushing cylinder (204), and the method of any one of claims 1-7 Locking device; characterized in that

The locking device (1) is provided with a second shaft (112); the locking device (1) is rotatably mounted on the bottom plate (201) through the second shaft (112);

The bottom plate (201) is provided with a third shaft (205), the first end (2031) of the support arm is rotatably fitted on the third shaft (205), and the second end (2032) of the support arm passes through the fairing The mount (206) is coupled to the fairing (202);

A sliding slot (2033) is defined in the support arm (203), a first shaft (108) of the locking device (1) is slidably located in the sliding slot (2033); the locking device (1) and the power source are pushed The piston rod (2041) of the cylinder (204) is coupled such that the piston rod (2041) pushes the locking device (1) to rotate relative to the bottom plate (201), and the first shaft (108) slides in the chute (2033), Urging the support arm (203) to push the fairing mount (206) to open or close the fairing (202);

The opening and closing mechanism (2) is provided with a closing limit stop (208) and an opening limit stop (209).
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to claim 8, wherein each of the structures and the connection relationship has two sets, and is symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate (201); the fairing (202) is divided into The first fairing (221) and the second fairing (222) and the support arm (203) are divided into a first support arm (231) and a second support arm (232), and the cylinder (204) is divided into a first cylinder ( 241) and the second cylinder (242), the locking device (1) is divided into a first locking device (11) and a second locking device (12); the opening and closing mechanism (2 shares the same bottom plate (201) and the third A shaft (205); a first end of the first support arm (231) and a first end of the second support arm (232) are each fitted over the third shaft (205).
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to claim 8, wherein each of the structures and the connection relationship has two sets, and is symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate (201); the fairing (202) is divided into The first fairing (221) and the second fairing (222, the support arm (203) are divided into a first support arm (231) and a second support arm (232), and the cylinder (204) is divided into a first cylinder (241). And the second cylinder (242), the locking device (1) is divided into a first locking device (11) and a second locking device (12); the opening and closing mechanism (2 share the same bottom plate (201);

A fourth shaft (210) is further disposed on the opening and closing mechanism (2), the third shaft (205) and the fourth shaft (210) are symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate (201); the first support arm (231) The first end of the second support arm (232) is mounted on the fourth shaft (210).
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the connection manner of the locking device (1) and the piston rod (2041) at the connection position (207) is hinged; The connection position (207) is located in the housing (101) Up, either on the protruding member (106) or on the first baffle (113) or the second baffle (114).
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the closing limit stop (208) is disposed at an end close to the closing direction of the fairing, and includes a first protrusion (2081) And a first receiving portion (2082); the opening limit stop (209) is disposed at an end near the opening direction of the fairing, and includes a second protrusion (2091) and a second receiving portion (2092).
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to claim 12, characterized in that

The first protrusion (2081) is disposed on an end of the bottom plate (201) near the closing direction of the fairing (202), and the first receiving portion (2082) is disposed on the support arm (203) near the fairing (202) Opening one end of the direction; or, the positions of the first protrusion (2081) and the first receiving portion (2082) may be interchanged;

Alternatively, the first protrusion (2081) is disposed on one end of the fairing (202) near the closing direction of the fairing (202), and the first receiving portion (2082) is disposed on the bottom plate (201) near the fairing ( 202) closing one end of the direction; or, the positions of the first protrusion (2081) and the first receiving portion (2082) are interchangeable;

The second protrusion (2091) is disposed on an end of the bottom plate (201) near the opening direction of the fairing (202), and the second receiving portion (2092) is disposed on the support arm (203) near the fairing (202) Opening one end of the direction; or, the positions of the second protrusion (2091) and the second receiving portion (2092) are interchangeable;

Alternatively, the second protrusion (2091) is disposed on one end of the fairing (202) near the opening direction of the fairing (202), and the second receiving portion (2092) is disposed on the bottom plate (201) near the fairing ( 202) one end of the opening direction; or the set positions of the second protrusion (2091) and the second receiving portion (2092) may be interchanged.
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the length of the chute (2033) is controlled when the locking device (1) and the chute (2033) are perpendicular to each other. There is still a margin on the side of the chute (2033 near the second end (2032) of the support arm for self-locking of the locking device (1).
The opening and closing mechanism (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the lower end of the second shaft (112) further has an extension (115) for manual unlocking or locking.