WO2019104331A1 - Composite fabric, method for forming composite fabric, and use of a composite matter fabric - Google Patents

Composite fabric, method for forming composite fabric, and use of a composite matter fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019104331A1
WO2019104331A1 PCT/US2018/062634 US2018062634W WO2019104331A1 WO 2019104331 A1 WO2019104331 A1 WO 2019104331A1 US 2018062634 W US2018062634 W US 2018062634W WO 2019104331 A1 WO2019104331 A1 WO 2019104331A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
metal
fiber material
particles
microns
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/062634
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Scott N. Sheftel
Jeffry B. Skiba
Stanley N. SHEFTEL
Original Assignee
Sheftel Scott N
Skiba Jeffry B
Sheftel Stanley N
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sheftel Scott N, Skiba Jeffry B, Sheftel Stanley N filed Critical Sheftel Scott N
Priority to EP18881036.0A priority Critical patent/EP3720994A4/en
Priority to KR1020207016676A priority patent/KR20200088839A/en
Priority to IL278547A priority patent/IL278547B2/en
Publication of WO2019104331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019104331A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/70—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/30—Zinc; Compounds thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/26—Polymers or copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/38—Polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/08—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated organic esters, e.g. polyacrylic esters, polyvinyl acetate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/02—Underwear
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
    • D10B2501/041—Gloves
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
    • D10B2501/043—Footwear

Definitions

  • COMPOSITE FABRIC METHOD FOR FORMING COMPOSITE FABRIC, AND USE OF A COMPOSITE MATTER FABRIC
  • Living tissue has inherent electrical nature that includes the creation of voltage, current, capacitance and impedence.
  • the external application of electrical energy to any biological tissue may have therapeutic effects if the delivery method is safe and at an appropriate physiological level.
  • electrical charges around a cell may open voltage dependent gates, allowing cellular cytoplasm to contact the extracellular environment.
  • the infinite combinations of voltage, current, capacitance and impedence are employed within living tissue as a foundation of life.
  • an understanding of the nature of living state electrical energy is elusive since measurement of energy in the nano and pico volts/ampere range has been confined to a relatively small area of physics.
  • Muscles are activated by electrical action potentials contained within an insulated nerve bundle. External stimuli is converted into electrical impulses stored in the brain and sent down the nerve bundles. In a cellular matrix, the extracellular fluid acts as a conductor and functions independently of the muscle action signals. Afferent and efferent nerves send signals back and forth to the brain in a similar manner, through insulated nerves.
  • 9,192,761 and 9,707,172 describe methods and devices for treating various conditions including hyperhidrosis and other conditions such as neuropathic pain including peripheral artery disease and neuropathy; surgical rehabilitation and surgical convalescence including joint surgery rehabilitation and soft tissue healing; and physical therapy including muscle and tendon healing and stroke rehabilitation, by applying onto a skin surface of a patient in need of said treatment, a device comprising a fabric or substrate containing elemental zinc particles arranged so that the fabric or substrate forms a plurality of half-cells of an air-zinc battery, whereby to produce an ion exchange with the skin of the patient.
  • Zinc or zinc salt against the skin will result in secondary reactions to form zinc complexes beneficial to the host.
  • the ability to deliver topical zinc to the surface of the skin can have beneficial effects provided the topical zinc is in the correct quantity.
  • metals and metal salts such as zinc, zinc oxide and zinc salt in cosmetic and medicinal ointments and creams, i.e., for treating a variety of skin conditions is well documented in the art.
  • creams or ointments require a carrier gel or petrolatum, and these carriers create barriers on the skin, potentially trapping microbes beneath the barriers. Confirmatory studies are required to assure that these creams and ointments are effective in preventing colonization of bacterial strains and resultant biofilms forms of the bacteria, significantly increasing the challenge of any antimicrobial to function.
  • thermoset and thermoplastic polymers as well as other“binders” such as printer’s ink, silicone, natural collagen or cellulose binders that could be used to suspend the metal powder (or salt thereof) or combination of metals within the fiber, thread or yam.
  • printer for printers ink, silicone, natural collagen or cellulose binders that could be used to suspend the metal powder (or salt thereof) or combination of metals within the fiber, thread or yam.
  • binders such as printer’s ink, silicone, natural collagen or cellulose binders that could be used to suspend the metal powder (or salt thereof) or combination of metals within the fiber, thread or yam.
  • the present invention provides method for producing metal particle filled fibers and to metal particle filled fibers produced thereby.
  • the metal particles include zinc particles, zinc oxide particles, or zinc salt particles.
  • the metal particles have a particle sized range of 1 micron - 200 microns, more preferably 2 - 100 microns, even more preferably 2 - 10 microns.
  • the metal particles preferably have an average particle size of less than about 10 microns, more preferably less than about 6 microns, even more preferably less than about 5 microns.
  • the metal particles preferably comprise about 50 and 50 %, by volume, of the fiber, more preferably about 40 - 60 volume % of the fiber, even more preferably between about 20 -30 volume % of the fiber.
  • the metal particles are dispersed as micro pellets within the fiber material.
  • the metal particle filled fiber material is formed by dispersing metal particles throughout the fiber during fiber formation.
  • the metal particle containing fiber is formed by mixing the metal particles with a thermal setting plastic material such as a polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin and forming the mixture as elongate fibers or threads as it sets.
  • a thermal setting plastic material such as a polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin
  • the metal particles can be dusted onto the setting fibers or threads.
  • the metal particle containing fiber is formed by spinning, drawing or extruding a heated thermoplastic material such as a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or a polyamide such as nylon, or an acrylic, containing the metal particles.
  • a heated thermoplastic material such as a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or a polyamide such as nylon, or an acrylic, containing the metal particles.
  • the amount of metal available per fiber can be manipulated to increase/decrease concentration and spacing of reservoirs of the metal within the fiber.
  • Metal availability also may be controlled by particle size or particle size distribution. Very fine particles may become coated with binder more than larger particles. However, the binder can be manipulated to expose more of the particle to the contact area. By controlling the particle size, performance of the fiber will differ.
  • the amount of metal available per thread or yam also can be manipulated to increase/decrease concentration and spacing of reservoirs of the metal within the thread or yarn. This may be done at the fiber level by adjusting the amount of metal held within the fiber and how the metal is attached to the fiber. We can fill the fiber with a large amount or a small amount of metal, or we can co-extrude metal filled fiber over another fiber so the only part of the fiber loaded with metal is the outer wrap. We also can manipulate the extrusion to create pockets of high and low metal concentrations, or no metal at all.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow diagram showing one method for forming a metal particle filled fiber in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a flow diagram showing an alternative method for forming a metal particle filled fiber in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of a metal particle filled fiber made in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view showing various articles of clothing and wraps made in accordance with the present invention.
  • metal particles may include elemental metal particles of metals capable of forming metal-air electrochemical cells, and oxides and salts thereof.
  • Preferred are zinc metal particles and oxides and salts thereof, although other metals and oxides and salts thereof may be used including aluminum, iron, copper, or magnesium.
  • fibers may comprise both natural and synthetic fibers, filaments and threads, although synthetic fibers are preferred, in particular, fibers formed of thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic materials.
  • metal filled fibers means fibers, having metal particles carried on or within the fibers, and in which the metal particles are at least in part exposed to air.
  • the present invention provides a method forming metal particle filled fibers suitable for weaving or knitting into cloth for use in treating hyperhidrosis or neuropathy, or other conditions according to our prior‘761 and‘172 patents, and other conditions as above discussed. More particularly, the present invention provides a method for producing metal particle containing fibers that are capable of standing up to washing (at least 20 washes) abrasion resistance, and have the ability to release ions when in contact with a patient’s skin.
  • metal particles typically metallic zinc particles which may be previously formed by grinding or precipitated out of suspension, and having an average particle size between 1 and 100 nanometers, more preferably 1 - 10 microns, even more preferably about 5 microns are mixed with a thermal plastic material such as polyethylene in a heated mixing vat 10 to melt the material, and the mixture extruded or melt spun at spinning station 12 to form fibers 14, having metal particles 16 (see Fig. 3) contained therein.
  • the polyethylene is the polymer of choice for releasing of electrons from the metal.
  • the porosity of the fiber also is believed to play a part.
  • Polyacrylic or polyester fibers also may be used however the result is a slower ion release.
  • the metals containing fibers may then be cabled or twisted at a cabling station 18, and woven at a weaving or knitting station 20 into a garment such a sock, underwear, shirt, or a cloth which may be made into a therapeutic wrap (see Fig. 4) for use in treating hyperhidrosis, neuropathy and other condition as described in our aforesaid‘761 and‘172 patents.
  • metal particles typically metallic zinc particles having an average particle size between 1 and 100 microns, preferably 1 - 10 microns, even more preferably about 5 microns are mixed with a thermosetting polymer material such as polyester chips in a melting vat 22.
  • the molten mixture is expressed through a spinneret at station 24 to form an elongate thread having metal particles incorporated into the thread with the metal particles exposed at least in part on the surface of the thread.
  • pure polyester chips may be spun or pulled from the melt, and dusted with metal particle as the thread sets.
  • Fig. 4 shows various examples of clothing items and wraps made in accordance with the present invention including socks, underwear, T-Shirts, wraps, etc.
  • the fibers may co-extrude to have a center or core of the same or dissimilar polymer with the metal filled polymer on the outside of the fiber.
  • the metal filled polymer may be intermittently dispersed into discrete reservoirs within the fiber during fiber formation.
  • fiber manufacturing additives such as nanoparticles carrying drugs to target specific cells within the host.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

A method for producing metal-filled fabrics, i.e., fabrics having elemental zinc particles or other elemental metal particles, as well as oxides and salts of such metals or combinations of metals with other chemicals carried in or on a fabric, to fabrics so produced, and to methods for treating various conditions using the so produced fabrics.

Description

COMPOSITE FABRIC, METHOD FOR FORMING COMPOSITE FABRIC, AND USE OF A COMPOSITE MATTER FABRIC
Living tissue has inherent electrical nature that includes the creation of voltage, current, capacitance and impedence. The external application of electrical energy to any biological tissue may have therapeutic effects if the delivery method is safe and at an appropriate physiological level. In a human body, electrical charges around a cell may open voltage dependent gates, allowing cellular cytoplasm to contact the extracellular environment. The infinite combinations of voltage, current, capacitance and impedence are employed within living tissue as a foundation of life. However, an understanding of the nature of living state electrical energy is elusive since measurement of energy in the nano and pico volts/ampere range has been confined to a relatively small area of physics.
Muscles are activated by electrical action potentials contained within an insulated nerve bundle. External stimuli is converted into electrical impulses stored in the brain and sent down the nerve bundles. In a cellular matrix, the extracellular fluid acts as a conductor and functions independently of the muscle action signals. Afferent and efferent nerves send signals back and forth to the brain in a similar manner, through insulated nerves.
The recent development of smart fabrics that can provide an electrical field over the skin for stimulus, to measure impedence, warm the user and/or provide feedback about the users’ health represent novel devices specifically aimed at a physiologic function. By way of example, our earlier U.S. Patent Nos. 9,192,761 and 9,707,172 describe methods and devices for treating various conditions including hyperhidrosis and other conditions such as neuropathic pain including peripheral artery disease and neuropathy; surgical rehabilitation and surgical convalescence including joint surgery rehabilitation and soft tissue healing; and physical therapy including muscle and tendon healing and stroke rehabilitation, by applying onto a skin surface of a patient in need of said treatment, a device comprising a fabric or substrate containing elemental zinc particles arranged so that the fabric or substrate forms a plurality of half-cells of an air-zinc battery, whereby to produce an ion exchange with the skin of the patient. Zinc or zinc salt against the skin will result in secondary reactions to form zinc complexes beneficial to the host. The ability to deliver topical zinc to the surface of the skin can have beneficial effects provided the topical zinc is in the correct quantity. Additionally, the therapeutic value of metals and metal salts such as zinc, zinc oxide and zinc salt in cosmetic and medicinal ointments and creams, i.e., for treating a variety of skin conditions is well documented in the art. However, one of the limitations of creams or ointments is that they require a carrier gel or petrolatum, and these carriers create barriers on the skin, potentially trapping microbes beneath the barriers. Confirmatory studies are required to assure that these creams and ointments are effective in preventing colonization of bacterial strains and resultant biofilms forms of the bacteria, significantly increasing the challenge of any antimicrobial to function.
It has been postulated that many of the same benefits of direct application to the skin of creams or ointments containing zinc may be achieved by bringing a fabric having elemental zinc particles printed thereon, in contact with the skin of the patient, i.e., as described in our aforesaid‘761 and‘172 patents. However, fabric coated with elemental zinc particles as described above formed by printing zinc particles on the surface of the fabric have limited washability and abrasion resistance. Also, in the case of thermoplastics, once we exceed about 30% solids in the melt, the strength of the fiber drops considerably. There are many thermoset and thermoplastic polymers as well as other“binders” such as printer’s ink, silicone, natural collagen or cellulose binders that could be used to suspend the metal powder (or salt thereof) or combination of metals within the fiber, thread or yam. However, prior to the present invention, no one has successfully produced metal-filled fabrics having good washability and abrasion resistance.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing metal-filled fabrics, i.e., fabrics having elemental zinc particles or other elemental metal particles, as well as oxides and salts of such metals or combinations of metals with other chemicals carried in or on a fabric, to fabrics so produced, and to methods for treating various conditions using the so produced fabrics.
In one aspect the present invention provides method for producing metal particle filled fibers and to metal particle filled fibers produced thereby.
In another and preferred aspect, the metal particles include zinc particles, zinc oxide particles, or zinc salt particles.
In another and preferred aspect, the metal particles have a particle sized range of 1 micron - 200 microns, more preferably 2 - 100 microns, even more preferably 2 - 10 microns. In which cases, the metal particles preferably have an average particle size of less than about 10 microns, more preferably less than about 6 microns, even more preferably less than about 5 microns. The reason for these limitations are purely practical since the fiber spinnarettes will plug up if the particles are too large or if they clump together. In addition, if there is too much filler compared to polymer, the fiber will weaken. We could add the reinforcing carbon nanotubes or nanofibers to increase the polymer tensile strength but doing so takes up space in the polymer that we would prefer to fill with the metal.
In still another aspect, the metal particles preferably comprise about 50 and 50 %, by volume, of the fiber, more preferably about 40 - 60 volume % of the fiber, even more preferably between about 20 -30 volume % of the fiber.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the metal particles are dispersed as micro pellets within the fiber material.
In yet another aspect, the metal particle filled fiber material is formed by dispersing metal particles throughout the fiber during fiber formation.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the metal particle containing fiber is formed by mixing the metal particles with a thermal setting plastic material such as a polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin and forming the mixture as elongate fibers or threads as it sets.
Alternatively, the metal particles can be dusted onto the setting fibers or threads.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the metal particle containing fiber is formed by spinning, drawing or extruding a heated thermoplastic material such as a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or a polyamide such as nylon, or an acrylic, containing the metal particles.
The amount of metal available per fiber can be manipulated to increase/decrease concentration and spacing of reservoirs of the metal within the fiber. Metal availability also may be controlled by particle size or particle size distribution. Very fine particles may become coated with binder more than larger particles. However, the binder can be manipulated to expose more of the particle to the contact area. By controlling the particle size, performance of the fiber will differ.
The amount of metal available per thread or yam also can be manipulated to increase/decrease concentration and spacing of reservoirs of the metal within the thread or yarn. This may be done at the fiber level by adjusting the amount of metal held within the fiber and how the metal is attached to the fiber. We can fill the fiber with a large amount or a small amount of metal, or we can co-extrude metal filled fiber over another fiber so the only part of the fiber loaded with metal is the outer wrap. We also can manipulate the extrusion to create pockets of high and low metal concentrations, or no metal at all.
In the case of a monofilament we can“bump extrude” the filament with metal to produce thicker portions metal filled filament and thinner portions created by the frequency of the“bumps”.
By controlling the amount and particle size of metals in the fiber and how the metal is bound to the fiber, we can adjust slow or fast release of ions. We also can increase or decrease the reservoir capacity within the fiber and subsequently the capacity of the battery created when combined with oxygen
Further features and advantages of the present invention will be seen from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals depict like parts, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram showing one method for forming a metal particle filled fiber in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a flow diagram showing an alternative method for forming a metal particle filled fiber in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of a metal particle filled fiber made in accordance with the present invention; and
Fig. 4 is a plan view showing various articles of clothing and wraps made in accordance with the present invention.
In the following description, the term“metal particles” may include elemental metal particles of metals capable of forming metal-air electrochemical cells, and oxides and salts thereof. Preferred are zinc metal particles and oxides and salts thereof, although other metals and oxides and salts thereof may be used including aluminum, iron, copper, or magnesium.
The term“fibers” may comprise both natural and synthetic fibers, filaments and threads, although synthetic fibers are preferred, in particular, fibers formed of thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic materials.
As used herein“metal filled fibers” means fibers, having metal particles carried on or within the fibers, and in which the metal particles are at least in part exposed to air. The present invention provides a method forming metal particle filled fibers suitable for weaving or knitting into cloth for use in treating hyperhidrosis or neuropathy, or other conditions according to our prior‘761 and‘172 patents, and other conditions as above discussed. More particularly, the present invention provides a method for producing metal particle containing fibers that are capable of standing up to washing (at least 20 washes) abrasion resistance, and have the ability to release ions when in contact with a patient’s skin.
Referring to Fig. 1 , according to a first embodiment of our invention, metal particles, typically metallic zinc particles which may be previously formed by grinding or precipitated out of suspension, and having an average particle size between 1 and 100 nanometers, more preferably 1 - 10 microns, even more preferably about 5 microns are mixed with a thermal plastic material such as polyethylene in a heated mixing vat 10 to melt the material, and the mixture extruded or melt spun at spinning station 12 to form fibers 14, having metal particles 16 (see Fig. 3) contained therein. The polyethylene is the polymer of choice for releasing of electrons from the metal. The porosity of the fiber also is believed to play a part. Polyacrylic or polyester fibers also may be used however the result is a slower ion release. The metals containing fibers may then be cabled or twisted at a cabling station 18, and woven at a weaving or knitting station 20 into a garment such a sock, underwear, shirt, or a cloth which may be made into a therapeutic wrap (see Fig. 4) for use in treating hyperhidrosis, neuropathy and other condition as described in our aforesaid‘761 and‘172 patents.
Referring to Fig. 2, according to a second embodiment of the invention, metal particles, typically metallic zinc particles having an average particle size between 1 and 100 microns, preferably 1 - 10 microns, even more preferably about 5 microns are mixed with a thermosetting polymer material such as polyester chips in a melting vat 22. The molten mixture is expressed through a spinneret at station 24 to form an elongate thread having metal particles incorporated into the thread with the metal particles exposed at least in part on the surface of the thread. Alternatively, pure polyester chips may be spun or pulled from the melt, and dusted with metal particle as the thread sets. The thread is then cabled or twisted at a cabling station 26, woven into cloth at a weaving station 28, and the cloth formed into an article of clothing or wrap at step 30. Fig. 4 shows various examples of clothing items and wraps made in accordance with the present invention including socks, underwear, T-Shirts, wraps, etc.
Various changes may be made in the above invention without departing from the spirit and scope. For example, the fibers may co-extrude to have a center or core of the same or dissimilar polymer with the metal filled polymer on the outside of the fiber. Or, the metal filled polymer may be intermittently dispersed into discrete reservoirs within the fiber during fiber formation. And, we can overcome prior art limitations of fiber manufacturing with the addition of carbon fiber nano tubes (hollow-tubes) that can provide increased tensile strength as well as the antimicrobial nature of the hollow tubes. In addition we can add prior to fiber manufacturing additives such as nanoparticles carrying drugs to target specific cells within the host. These fibers, one spun into threads or yams and manufactured in to a fabric will contact the target tissue closely. Also, the amount of metal particles in the fibers may be adjusted to adjust the capacity or voltage of the air battery in the thread or yard.

Claims

Claims:
1. A fiber material formed of a thermal plastic or thermal setting material containing particles of metal disbursed there through.
2. The fiber material of claim 1, wherein the particles of metal comprise a metal, metal oxide or metal salt, preferably zinc, aluminum, iron, copper and magnesium, or an oxide or salt thereof.
3. The fiber material of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the metal particles have a size range of 1-200 microns, preferably 2-100 microns, more preferably 2-10 microns.
4. The fiber material of claim 3, wherein the metal particles have a maximum size range of 1-100 microns, preferably 1-10 microns, more preferably 5-6 microns.
5. The fiber material of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the metal particles comprise 50- 50 volume % of the fibers, preferably 40-60 %, more preferably 20-30 %.
6. The fiber material of any one of claims 1-5, formed by co-extruding to have a center or core of the same or dissimilar polymer with the filled polymer on the outside of the fiber.
7. The fiber material of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the filled polymer is intermittently dispersed into discrete reservoirs within the fiber during fiber formation.
8. The fiber material of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the amount of metal particles is adjusted to determine the voltage and capacity of the air-battery.
9. The fiber material of any one of claims 1-8, comprising a mixture of metal filled and unfilled fibers.
10. The fiber material of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the fiber includes carbon fiber nanotubes.
11. The fiber material of claim 10, wherein the fiber includes a drug carried by/on the carbon nanotubes.
12. The fiber material of claim 1, woven into a fabric, and wherein the fabric preferably is finished into an article of clothing in particular socks, gloves, shirts and underwear.
13. A method of forming a fiber material as claimed in any one of claims 1-11, comprising mixing particles of metal with a thermal plastic or thermal setting material, in the melt, and spinning or extruding the metal containing plastic material to form an elongated fiber.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the thermal plastic or thermal setting material is selected from the group consisting of a polyethlylene, a polyester, a polyurethane, and a polyacrylic.
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