WO2019101493A1 - High pressure pump with plunger seal protection - Google Patents

High pressure pump with plunger seal protection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019101493A1
WO2019101493A1 PCT/EP2018/080005 EP2018080005W WO2019101493A1 WO 2019101493 A1 WO2019101493 A1 WO 2019101493A1 EP 2018080005 W EP2018080005 W EP 2018080005W WO 2019101493 A1 WO2019101493 A1 WO 2019101493A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
pumping chamber
plunger
head cap
seal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/080005
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Abdul Aziz
Paul Buckley
Kartik Rajaram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phinia Delphi France SAS
Borgwarner US Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Delphi France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies IP Ltd, Delphi France SAS filed Critical Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Publication of WO2019101493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019101493A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/442—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston means preventing fuel leakage around pump plunger, e.g. fluid barriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/025—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by a single piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/004—Joints; Sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/022—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type having an accumulator storing pressurised fuel during pumping stroke of the piston for subsequent delivery to the injector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0443—Draining of the housing; Arrangements for handling leaked fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0448—Sealing means, e.g. for shafts or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0452—Distribution members, e.g. valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00

Definitions

  • This invention relates to high pressure fuel pumps which include an e.g. cam driven plunger, adapted to reciprocate within a pumping chamber in order to pressurise fuel, and which include a plunger seal.
  • an e.g. cam driven plunger adapted to reciprocate within a pumping chamber in order to pressurise fuel, and which include a plunger seal.
  • Fuel flow into a pressurizing chamber of a piston (plunger) type pump is typically controlled by an inlet metering valve (IMV).
  • IMV inlet metering valve
  • an inlet valve is also located integral with the pump (on the head cap thereof) such that fuel can pass into the pumping chamber where there is a pressure differential between the outlet of the IMV (inlet to the pump) and the pressurization chamber, of about 1.5 bar.
  • the fuel is subsequently pressurized by such a plunger or piston, (typically cam driven) before the pressurized fuel is outlet, e.g. via a common rail, to fuel injection equipment.
  • the outlet of fuel from the chamber may take place via outlet valve.
  • a plunger seal is provided.
  • a seal return line is e.g. provide by a bore of drilling thus this providing a conduit for leakage flow back to the head cap space.
  • a problem identified by the inventors is pressure fluctuation in the paths between the IMV and the Inlet valve (e.g. in the head cap space) and in particular pressure spikes can lead to wear of the seal.
  • a high pressure fuel pump including a low pressure fuel inlet adapted to allow fuel flow into a head cap volume, and a pumping chamber fluidly connected to said head cap volume via an inlet valve, arranged to allow fuel flow from said head cap volume into said pumping chamber, and a plunger adapted to reciprocate within said pumping chamber to pressurize fuel, said pumping chamber including an outlet valve; and further including a circumferentially arranged plunger seal adapted to prevent leakage flow of fuel between the plunger and the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and out of the pumping chamber, and including a seal backflow conduit arranged to provide a back flow of said fuel leakage from seal region to said head cap space, characterised where said seal backflow conduit includes a damping restriction.
  • Said damping restriction may comprise a portion of the back flow conduit having a reduced cross sectional area.
  • the back flow conduit may have an outlet to the head cap space and the damping restriction is formed at or adjacent to the outlet.
  • the damping restriction may be provided as an insert.
  • the plunger seal may be located within the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and surrounding a portion of said plunger.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial sectional view of a prior art high pressure fuel pump
  • Figure 2 shows a partial sectional view of a high pressure fuel pump according to one example. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view showing a cross section through the top portion of a high pressure fuel pump 1.
  • Fuel is pressurised by way of a plunger (or piston) 2 which is driven by a cam (not shown), adapted to pressurise fuel which enters into a pressurisation chamber 3.
  • the plunger is adapted to reciprocate up and down within the pressurisation chamber formed from the pump housing 4, so as to draw fuel in on the down stroke and pressurise the fuel on the upstroke.
  • Fuel is drawn into the pump via an inlet 7 to a head cap space/area 6.
  • the inlet may be downstream of an inlet metering valve.
  • the fuel flowing into the head cap area from the inlet 7 is shown by arrow A.
  • An inlet valve 8 is arranged so as to provide a flow path of fuel from the head cap space to the pumping chamber when there is a pressure differential there between of about 1.5 bar. A higher pressure differential opens the inlet valve.
  • the plunger moves upwards. In the figure the plunger is shown at the top dead centre position. Pressurised fuel leaved the pressure chamber via outlet valve 9.
  • a plunger leakage seal 10 is provided around the plunger and formed in the pumping chamber. This prevents fuel enters the cam box and without this, risks fuel leaking to the engine oil thus diluting the engine oil.
  • seal return line 11 which is effectively a conduit such as a bore to allow fuel flow back to the header cap volume/space.
  • the inventor has identified that in operation of the fuel pump the pressure in the head cap volume/area is subject to pressure fluctuations which includes pressure spikes. Such pressure spikes can lead to damage and wear of the seal.
  • a damping orifice into seal return line is provided.
  • Figure 2 shows an example of the invention which is similar to figure 1 with identical components having the same reference numerals.
  • the design is basically the same as in figure 2 except there is included a damping restriction/orifice 12 in the seal return line (conduit or bore).
  • conduit or bore includes a portion which has a substantially narrower cross section or diameter. This provides the requisite damping with regard to the pressure oscillations in the head cap space affecting the seal.
  • the damping orifice/restriction in the example is adjacent the head space and open to it but the restrictor or damping orifice may be located anywhere in the seal return line.
  • the damping restriction may be provided by an insert.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A high pressure fuel pump including a low pressure fuel inlet adapted to allow fuel flow into a head cap volume, and a pumping chamber fluidly connected to said head cap volume via an inlet valve, arranged to allow fuel flow from said head cap volume into said pumping chamber, and a plunger adapted to reciprocate within said pumping chamber to pressurize fuel, said pumping chamber including an outlet valve; and further including a circumferentially arranged plunger seal adapted to prevent leakage flow of fuel between the plunger and the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and out of the pumping chamber, and including a seal backflow conduit arranged to provide a back flow of said fuel leakage from seal region to said head cap space, characterised where said seal backflow conduit includes a damping restriction.

Description

HIGH PRESSURE PUMP WITH PEUNGER SEAE PROTECTION
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to high pressure fuel pumps which include an e.g. cam driven plunger, adapted to reciprocate within a pumping chamber in order to pressurise fuel, and which include a plunger seal.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fuel flow into a pressurizing chamber of a piston (plunger) type pump is typically controlled by an inlet metering valve (IMV). Typically an inlet valve is also located integral with the pump (on the head cap thereof) such that fuel can pass into the pumping chamber where there is a pressure differential between the outlet of the IMV (inlet to the pump) and the pressurization chamber, of about 1.5 bar. The fuel is subsequently pressurized by such a plunger or piston, (typically cam driven) before the pressurized fuel is outlet, e.g. via a common rail, to fuel injection equipment. The outlet of fuel from the chamber may take place via outlet valve.
There is leakage of fuel between around the plunger/piston during the
pressurization stroke and to reduce this and to prevent contamination of this fuel leakage into the cambox and ultimately the engine oil, a plunger seal is provided. To provide back path of this leakage flow, a seal return line is e.g. provide by a bore of drilling thus this providing a conduit for leakage flow back to the head cap space. A problem identified by the inventors is pressure fluctuation in the paths between the IMV and the Inlet valve (e.g. in the head cap space) and in particular pressure spikes can lead to wear of the seal.
It is an object of the invention to overcome this problem. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect is provided a high pressure fuel pump including a low pressure fuel inlet adapted to allow fuel flow into a head cap volume, and a pumping chamber fluidly connected to said head cap volume via an inlet valve, arranged to allow fuel flow from said head cap volume into said pumping chamber, and a plunger adapted to reciprocate within said pumping chamber to pressurize fuel, said pumping chamber including an outlet valve; and further including a circumferentially arranged plunger seal adapted to prevent leakage flow of fuel between the plunger and the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and out of the pumping chamber, and including a seal backflow conduit arranged to provide a back flow of said fuel leakage from seal region to said head cap space, characterised where said seal backflow conduit includes a damping restriction. Said damping restriction may comprise a portion of the back flow conduit having a reduced cross sectional area.
The back flow conduit may have an outlet to the head cap space and the damping restriction is formed at or adjacent to the outlet.
The damping restriction may be provided as an insert.
The plunger seal may be located within the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and surrounding a portion of said plunger.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1 shows a partial sectional view of a prior art high pressure fuel pump;
Figure 2 shows a partial sectional view of a high pressure fuel pump according to one example. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 shows a schematic view showing a cross section through the top portion of a high pressure fuel pump 1. Fuel is pressurised by way of a plunger (or piston) 2 which is driven by a cam (not shown), adapted to pressurise fuel which enters into a pressurisation chamber 3. The plunger is adapted to reciprocate up and down within the pressurisation chamber formed from the pump housing 4, so as to draw fuel in on the down stroke and pressurise the fuel on the upstroke.
Fuel is drawn into the pump via an inlet 7 to a head cap space/area 6. The inlet may be downstream of an inlet metering valve. The fuel flowing into the head cap area from the inlet 7 is shown by arrow A. An inlet valve 8 is arranged so as to provide a flow path of fuel from the head cap space to the pumping chamber when there is a pressure differential there between of about 1.5 bar. A higher pressure differential opens the inlet valve. When pressurising fuel on the upstroke, the plunger moves upwards. In the figure the plunger is shown at the top dead centre position. Pressurised fuel leaved the pressure chamber via outlet valve 9.
As a result of the pressurisation there is a leakage of fuel between the surface of the plunger and the pumping chamber wall formed by the pump housing, shown by arrow B. To reduce this problem, a plunger leakage seal 10 is provided around the plunger and formed in the pumping chamber. This prevents fuel enters the cam box and without this, risks fuel leaking to the engine oil thus diluting the engine oil.
In order to provide a back path for fuel leakage as well as to prevent any danger of contamination of engine oil, it is known to provide a seal return line 11 which is effectively a conduit such as a bore to allow fuel flow back to the header cap volume/space.
The inventor has identified that in operation of the fuel pump the pressure in the head cap volume/area is subject to pressure fluctuations which includes pressure spikes. Such pressure spikes can lead to damage and wear of the seal. In order to overcome this problem, in one aspect is provided a damping orifice into seal return line.
Figure 2 shows an example of the invention which is similar to figure 1 with identical components having the same reference numerals. In the figure, the design is basically the same as in figure 2 except there is included a damping restriction/orifice 12 in the seal return line (conduit or bore). Thus conduit or bore includes a portion which has a substantially narrower cross section or diameter. This provides the requisite damping with regard to the pressure oscillations in the head cap space affecting the seal.
The damping orifice/restriction in the example is adjacent the head space and open to it but the restrictor or damping orifice may be located anywhere in the seal return line. The damping restriction may be provided by an insert.

Claims

1. A high pressure fuel pump including a low pressure fuel inlet adapted to allow fuel flow into a head cap volume, and a pumping chamber fluidly connected to said head cap volume via an inlet valve, arranged to allow fuel flow from said head cap volume into said pumping chamber, and a plunger adapted to reciprocate within said pumping chamber to pressurize fuel, said pumping chamber including an outlet valve; and further including a circumferentially arranged plunger seal adapted to prevent leakage flow of fuel between the plunger and the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and out of the pumping chamber, and including a seal backflow conduit arranged to provide a back flow of said fuel leakage from seal region to said head cap space, characterised where said seal backflow conduit includes a damping restriction.
2. A pump as claimed in claim 1 where said damping restriction comprises a portion of the back flow conduit having a reduced cross sectional area.
3. A pump as claimed in claims 1 to 2 where the back flow conduit has an outlet to the head cap space and the damping restriction is formed at or adjacent to the outlet.
4. A pump as claimed in claim 3 wherein the damping restriction is provided as an insert.
5. A pump as claimed in claims 1 to 4 wherein said plunger seal is located within the pump housing portion forming the pumping chamber, and surrounding a portion of said plunger.
PCT/EP2018/080005 2017-11-21 2018-11-02 High pressure pump with plunger seal protection Ceased WO2019101493A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1719284.0A GB2568542A (en) 2017-11-21 2017-11-21 High pressure pump with plunger seal protection
GB1719284.0 2017-11-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019101493A1 true WO2019101493A1 (en) 2019-05-31

Family

ID=60805800

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/080005 Ceased WO2019101493A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2018-11-02 High pressure pump with plunger seal protection

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2568542A (en)
WO (1) WO2019101493A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022218635A1 (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh High pressure pump for a fuel injection system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1707799A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-04 Denso Corporation Fuel pump having plunger and fuel supply system using the same
DE102011007781A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Continental Automotive Gmbh Submerged pump for conveying fuel into engine, has inlet valve and discharge valve for connecting pumping chamber with inlet and outlet, respectively, where inlet valve is designed as digitally controllable valve or magnetic valve
WO2015055332A1 (en) * 2013-10-14 2015-04-23 Continental Automotive Gmbh High pressure pump

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013215956A1 (en) * 2013-08-13 2015-02-19 Continental Automotive Gmbh high pressure pump
JP6406195B2 (en) * 2015-09-18 2018-10-17 株式会社デンソー pump
CN107917028B (en) * 2016-10-10 2022-01-18 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Plunger type high-pressure pump and high-pressure assembly and plunger sleeve thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1707799A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-04 Denso Corporation Fuel pump having plunger and fuel supply system using the same
DE102011007781A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Continental Automotive Gmbh Submerged pump for conveying fuel into engine, has inlet valve and discharge valve for connecting pumping chamber with inlet and outlet, respectively, where inlet valve is designed as digitally controllable valve or magnetic valve
WO2015055332A1 (en) * 2013-10-14 2015-04-23 Continental Automotive Gmbh High pressure pump

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022218635A1 (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh High pressure pump for a fuel injection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201719284D0 (en) 2018-01-03
GB2568542A (en) 2019-05-22

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