WO2019095718A1 - 污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统 - Google Patents

污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019095718A1
WO2019095718A1 PCT/CN2018/096584 CN2018096584W WO2019095718A1 WO 2019095718 A1 WO2019095718 A1 WO 2019095718A1 CN 2018096584 W CN2018096584 W CN 2018096584W WO 2019095718 A1 WO2019095718 A1 WO 2019095718A1
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Prior art keywords
sewage treatment
tank
reaction tank
treatment reaction
sewage
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PCT/CN2018/096584
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈化
Original Assignee
陈化
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Priority claimed from CN201721552490.1U external-priority patent/CN207671871U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711155718.8A external-priority patent/CN109809625B/zh
Application filed by 陈化 filed Critical 陈化
Publication of WO2019095718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019095718A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
    • C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sewage treatment reaction tank and a sewage treatment-purification system, in particular to a sewage treatment-purification system which is easy to realize sewage dispersion treatment, and belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment.
  • the treatment of domestic sewage or industrial wastewater mainly depends on the sewage treatment plant.
  • the location of the sewage treatment plant is relatively fixed.
  • the sewage or wastewater in a certain area needs to be transported to the sewage treatment plant through pipeline transportation to complete the treatment, due to the generation of sewage or wastewater.
  • the geographical location of the source is scattered or lower than the geographic location of the sewage treatment plant.
  • the sewage or wastewater to be collected in the jurisdiction of a sewage treatment plant is quite limited. For example, there are still market towns with unbuilt sewage treatment plants, scattered enterprises that produce common heavy metal ions or common toxic and harmful ions (such as cyanide CN - , fluorine F - , arsenic As 3+ , As 5+ ), and landscape lakes to be treated.
  • Both the polluted water source and the wastewater of the aquaculture enterprise are limited by the geographical relationship of the source of the sewage or wastewater. It is difficult to collect all the sewage or wastewater from the above-mentioned sources, resulting in pollution of the water environment; in addition, the landscape lake At the location, there is generally no idle land available for the construction of sewage treatment plants. Because of the construction investment and other reasons, the aquaculture enterprises have not established sewage treatment plants, which may result in the sewage not being treated in time. For contaminated landscape lakes, a large amount of high-quality tap water needs to be used for replacement.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a sewage treatment reaction tank and a sewage treatment-purification system with simple and reasonable structure, in order to ensure the quality of the sewage treatment, simplify the structure of the equipment, and make the treated sewage Waste water becomes reclaimed water, providing a second cheap source of water for production and domestic water other than drinking water.
  • a sewage treatment reaction tank comprising a pool body, and a clear water storage tank is disposed below the pool body;
  • the pool body has at least one inclined side surface, the side surface is up to The slant is gradually inclined toward the pool body, and at least one gate is opened on the side surface, and the gate is projected in the vertical direction in the clear water accommodating pool, and the gate is covered with a gate, and the gate can be moved horizontally to the left and right with respect to the gate
  • At least one side of the left and right sides of the gate is not parallel with the corresponding side of the gate; when the gate moves away from the gate, the gate gradually opens from top to bottom, and the gate opening reaches a maximum Before the area, the width of the gate opening is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
  • the gate can be controlled to move away from the gate, so that the upper part of the gate Part of the area is open. At this time, the supernatant in the upper layer of the pool body can be pulled out through the open area of the gate and falls into the clear water storage tank directly below.
  • the water in the pool can be made clean. “Layer by layer” flows out to avoid disturbance to the bottom sediment when the water flows out, which affects the separation effect.
  • the width of the gate opening is gradually reduced from top to bottom, regardless of the degree of opening, before the gate is completely opened, so that the supernatant of different levels is further reduced. It is scooped out on the basis of not disturbing the sediment; thus, in increasing the opening area of the gate, in the supernatant of the opening height area to be scooped, the higher-level supernatant has a larger opening width in the horizontal direction, and the static The pressure is small, the liquid outflow rate is small, and the supernatant with a relatively low position has a smaller opening width in the horizontal direction, and the static pressure is larger, and the liquid outflow rate is larger.
  • the gate is rectangular, the gate is trapezoidal; the peripheral edge of the gate is provided with a sealing groove frame.
  • the gate is in the shape of a half ladder.
  • the side surface is provided with a linear push-pull mechanism connected to the gate, and the gate can be moved to the left and right in the horizontal direction with respect to the gate under the action of the linear push-pull mechanism.
  • the angle between the inclined side surface and the horizontal plane is 60-85°, preferably 70-80°, and further preferably 76.8°.
  • a transparent invisible tube is further included, wherein one end of the transparent invisible tube extends upward to the top surface of the cell body, and the other end of the transparent invisible tube communicates with the bottom of the cell body, and a valve is provided at the communication portion.
  • the valve can be opened to allow the sewage in the pool to flow into the transparent and intuitive tube, and then the sedimentation stratification of the sewage in the pool can be estimated through the sedimentation stratification in the transparent and intuitive tube and the filling condition at the time of water injection. So take the next step.
  • the bottom surface of the pool body is inclined toward the side of the tank body drain port.
  • a sewage treatment-purification system comprising a first sewage treatment reaction tank, a second sewage treatment reaction tank, a quick filter, a carbon filter and a sewage-clarification tank, the first sewage treatment reaction tank and the second sewage treatment
  • the reaction tanks all adopt the sewage treatment reaction tank as described above; the clear water storage tank of the first sewage treatment reaction tank communicates with the pool body of the second sewage treatment reaction tank through the pipeline equipped with the water pump, and the second sewage treatment reaction tank
  • the clear water storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the quick filter through a pipe equipped with a water pump, and the filtrate outlet of the quick filter is connected to the inlet of the carbon filter through a pipe equipped with a water pump;
  • the first sewage treatment reaction tank The sludge outlet at the lower part of the tank body and the sludge outlet at the lower part of the second sewage treatment reaction tank are connected to the sewage-clarification tank through a pipe equipped with a mud pump.
  • the number of the second sewage treatment reaction tanks is two, and the two second sewage treatment reaction tanks are connected in parallel between the first sewage treatment reaction tank and the quick filter.
  • a stirring mechanism is disposed in the pool body of the second sewage treatment reaction tank.
  • the side of the second sewage treatment reaction tank is provided with an aeration mechanism, and the outlet of the gas supply pipe of the aeration mechanism extends into the pool of the second sewage treatment reaction tank to provide activated sludge for the mixed sewage in the pool body.
  • the oxygen required for the biological reaction of the method is provided.
  • the invention further includes a disinfection-storage tank and a sludge centralized storage tank, wherein the filtrate outlet of the carbon filter is connected to the disinfection-storage tank through a pipeline equipped with a water pump; the bottom sludge outlet of the sewage-clarification tank passes The pipe equipped with the mud pump is connected to the sludge centralized storage tank.
  • the first sewage treatment reaction tank, the second sewage treatment reaction tank, the quick filter, the carbon filter, and the bottom side of the sewage-clarification tank are provided with open channels, the first sewage treatment reaction tank and the first The sludge outlet of the sewage treatment reaction tank is connected to the open channel through a pipe equipped with a mud pump, and the open channel is connected with the sewage-clarification tank.
  • the interior of the dirt-clarification tank is divided into a clear water area and a dirt-soil area, and the bottom surface position of the clear water area is lower than the bottom surface position of the dirt-staining area
  • the pollution-soil area includes a plurality of sewage pools, each of which The inlet ends of the sewage tanks are respectively connected with the open channels, and the water outlets of each of the sewage tanks are respectively connected to the clear water area through the water-repellent mechanism, so that each of the sewage tanks can work independently in time and in batches. It is not affected by the inflow of muddy water from sludge of different time periods and different batches, ensuring the treatment efficiency and effect, and allowing each of the sewage tanks to work in an orderly manner.
  • a centrifugal filter is arranged in front of the first sewage treatment reaction tank, and the centrifugal filter is arranged to filter the inorganic materials such as gravel from the traditional grit chamber, and has a faster effect and better effect than the grit chamber.
  • the first sewage treatment reaction tank is arranged to initially precipitate the sewage treated by centrifugal filtration, and the process target is to further remove the sedimentable solids, SS, COD and partial BOD5 in the sewage wastewater, and the initial precipitation process is generally
  • the flocculation and sedimentation are mainly composed, and the formed solid particulate matter is separated from the water and precipitated at the bottom of the pool.
  • the first sewage treatment reaction tank has a better sedimentation effect at rest; after the precipitation is completed, the supernatant liquid is taken out to the lower water storage. In the pool, the settled sludge can be discharged by a mud pump and rinsed for use.
  • the centrifugal filter is arranged to perform centrifugal filtration treatment on the sewage before entering the first sewage treatment reaction tank, and then input into the first sewage treatment reaction tank, so that the centrifugal filter replaces the grit chamber, thereby reducing the volume of a large grit chamber.
  • the position is occupied and the production cost is saved.
  • the centrifugal filtration is faster than the natural sedimentation of the grit chamber, the effect is good, and the inorganic material is directly bagged and transported, and it is not necessary to take out the sediment with relatively tight sediment from the pool, thereby saving labor and time.
  • the second sewage treatment reaction tank can comprehensively treat the supernatant separated by the first sewage treatment reaction tank by agitation, aeration, aeration and agitation, and secondary precipitation to remove nitrogen and phosphorus, and remove COD and BOD5 in a maximum amount.
  • SS and the like after the series of reactions in the second sewage treatment reaction tank, the supernatant liquid is taken out to the lower water storage tank, and part of the excess sludge can be discharged according to the calculation amount, and standby is used.
  • a treatment agent may be added to the second sewage treatment reaction tank as needed, and the second sewage treatment reaction tank is used as a chemical reaction sedimentation tank.
  • the method is to put an appropriate amount of heavy metal ion trapping agent into the pool, for example, according to different heavy metal ion characteristics, different heavy metal ion trapping agents are used for complexation (chelating) reaction, and then subjected to static precipitation treatment to make a new network containing heavy metal ions ( The chelate) sinks and separates from the water; the supernatant is taken out for subsequent processing, and the sludge is discharged to the front channel of the pond through a mud pump and a pipe disposed at the bottom of the pool; harmful substances such as cyanide, fluorine, and arsenic are also According to different toxic and hazardous properties, different treatment methods, such as complex precipitation method, flocculation precipitation method
  • the precipitate is left to stand still, so that the new complex containing toxic substances such as cyanide, fluorine, arsenic and the like are sunk and separated from the water; the supernatant is taken out for subsequent treatment, and the sludge is set at the bottom of the tank.
  • the mud pump and pipe are discharged to the open channel in front of the pool.
  • the quick filter can filter the supernatant of the second sewage treatment reaction tank to further reduce the turbidity of the supernatant, remove the organic matter, bacteria and viruses in the water, and set the ordinary in the quick filter.
  • the filter layer can achieve the purpose of purging impurities in the water to purify.
  • the filter material can be composed of anthracite, quartz stone and heavy ore distributed from top to bottom.
  • the carbon filter is provided with a granular activated carbon adsorption layer, and the purified water filtered by the rapid filter can be filtered again to further remove inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals, cyanide, radioactive materials, residual chlorine, ammonia nitrogen and some organic pollutants.
  • pollutants such as heavy metals, cyanide, radioactive materials, residual chlorine, ammonia nitrogen and some organic pollutants.
  • inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals, cyanide, radioactive materials, residual chlorine, ammonia nitrogen and some organic pollutants.
  • humic acid, odor, pesticides, color, hydrocarbon organics, organic chlorides, detergents, mutagenic substances and chlorinated mutagenic precursors Such as humic acid, odor, pesticides, color, hydrocarbon organics, organic chlorides, detergents, mutagenic substances and chlorinated mutagenic precursors.
  • the disinfection-storage tank can use the disinfectant such as bleaching powder to disinfect and clean the clean water treated by the carbon filter to make it the final clean water output.
  • the clean water can be used as industrial water, municipal spray water and car wash. Mopping the floor and other domestic water.
  • the sewage-clarification tank can be used to remove muddy water from the centrifugal filter, the first sewage treatment reaction tank, the second sewage treatment reaction tank, the quick filter, the carbon filter and the dry mud machine in the workplace, and the flushing water during cleaning.
  • the sludge obtained by sedimentation stratification can be lifted to the sludge centralized storage tank through the mud pump for transient temporary storage, and then transported to the dry mud machine for drying; and the supernatant obtained by sedimentation layering Then, it is taken out to its clear water area, and is returned to the first sewage treatment reaction tank by the clean water pump to perform secondary precipitation treatment.
  • the sludge centralized storage tank can temporarily and temporarily store the sludge transported from the sewage-clarification tank, and then uniformly transport it to the dry mud machine for drying treatment.
  • the dry mud machine can dry the sludge conveyed by the sludge centralized storage tank, and then package and transport it out.
  • the dry mud machine is preferably a filter press machine, and the squeeze water generated by the dry mud machine can flow into the dirt through the open channel- The clarification tank is subjected to further precipitation separation treatment.
  • the open channel includes a main open channel and a branch open channel which are connected to each other, and the main open channel is disposed on both sides of each reaction pool, and the branch open channel is mainly disposed on a side of the inclined side of each reaction cell.
  • the flushing mud water of the centrifugal filter storage tank is freely discharged into the open channel of the pool through the water pipe disposed at the bottom of the pool, and the sludge in the first sewage treatment reaction tank and the mud water in the flushing tank are discharged into the front open channel of the pool through the mud pump disposed at the bottom of the pool body.
  • the excess sludge of the second sewage treatment reaction tank is discharged into the open channel of the pool through the mud pump disposed at the bottom of the tank body, and the backwashing water of the quick filter tank is pumped through the bottom of the storage tank disposed below the water tank (additional interval is developed) Discharged into the front channel of the pool, the backwashing water of the carbon filter is discharged into the front branch of the pool through the water pump (additional interval) provided at the bottom of the storage tank below it, and the washing mud of the disinfection-storage tank is set.
  • the water pipe at the bottom of the pool is freely discharged into the front channel of the pool.
  • the crushed mud water of the last process of the dry mud machine is freely discharged into the front channel of the pool through the water pipe installed at the bottom of the pool, and the ground mud water is discharged into the open channel of each pool.
  • the open channel is connected with the sewage-clarification tank; after the sedimentation of the various sludges collected by the sewage-clarification tank is separated, the supernatant is discharged into the water storage tank of the front lower portion thereof, and is equipped with the bottom of the clear water storage tank.
  • the present invention adopts a relatively mature and general-purpose SBR (Sequential Batch Activated Sludge Process) new improved process
  • the first sewage treatment reaction tank (ie, primary precipitation) and the second sewage treatment reaction tank (ie, exposed) are passed through the pre-stage.
  • Gas and secondary precipitation treatment reaction tank) After the series of reactions of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, theoretically the COD removal rate can reach 95%, the TN removal rate can reach 77%, the TP removal rate can reach 92%, NH 3
  • the -N removal rate is up to 96% and the TSS removal rate is up to 96%.
  • the traditional SBR (Sequence Batch Activated Sludge Process) equipment needs to be equipped with a more complicated decanter device to discharge the supernatant liquid to prevent disturbance of the settled sludge.
  • the system of the present invention directly adopts the structure of the device itself.
  • the supernatant is in the true sense of "squeezing out” (as if the container is tilted directly out of the supernatant) without any auxiliary drowning facilities, the structure is simple, and the separation effect of the supernatant and the underlying sludge is good.
  • the design of the pollution-clarification tank enables the sludge turbid water generated in the sewage treated by the system to be effectively re-precipitated and separated, so as to ensure that there is no secondary pollution of the environment caused by the outflow of pollutants.
  • the equipment has a small footprint, flexible erection position and low manufacturing cost.
  • the set of equipment (pure use area) with a daily sewage treatment capacity of 2000m 3 covers an area of 1193m 2 ; and the cost of manufacturing one set of equipment It is also lower than the construction of a sewage treatment plant that processes the same amount of sewage per day.
  • the invention can be applied to the local treatment and purification of urban domestic sewage, landscape lake replacement water source, aquaculture enterprise production wastewater and other industrial wastewater (including heavy metal ions and toxic substances such as cyanide, fluorine and arsenic), and has a simple sewage treatment facility.
  • the above several functions are not available at the same time.
  • the invention combines the functions of sewage treatment and purification (recycling), and does not simply treat the sewage wastewater harmlessly (treating and treating waste), and the sewage treated by the system can be used as miscellaneous water (drinking) Except for water, it is recycled to provide the second cheap water for production and life, so as to use scientifically and reasonably and save high quality tap water.
  • the invention can be used as a compensation mechanism for the sewage treatment plant, which not only improves the collection capacity of the sewage, but also reduces the workload of the sewage treatment plant (in the future, it can be developed into a large and standardized area for institutions, schools, residential quarters, etc.
  • Water-to-home flushing and car-washing mopping is widely used to achieve multiple reuse of water resources, greatly alleviating water stress problems. c. After sewage wastewater enters the working room of the system, only the cleaned water output is used as miscellaneous water. In production and life, sediment and dry sludge can be transported to a designated location to ensure the stability and harmlessness of the sludge, without any secondary pollution of the environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sewage treatment reaction tank of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the sewage treatment reaction tank of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the sewage treatment reaction tank of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the overall installation of a sewage treatment-purification system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the flow of material in the system of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the overall installation of another sewage treatment-purification system of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the flow of material in the system of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a top plan view of a dirt-clarification tank of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a right side view of the dirt-clarification tank of the present invention (viewed through the rightmost outer wall).
  • Figure 10 is a front elevational view of a dirt-clarification tank of the present invention.
  • a sewage treatment reaction tank includes a pool body a, and a water storage tank b is disposed below the tank body a;
  • the pool body a has at least one inclined side surface from the top to the side Gradually inclined to the pool body, the side surface is provided with three gates g, the projection of the gate g in the vertical direction is projected in the clear water storage tank b, and the gate g is covered with a movable gate e;
  • the gate g At least one side of the left and right sides is not parallel with the side corresponding to the gate e;
  • the side is provided with a linear push-pull mechanism f connected to the gate e, and the gate e can be in the linear push-pull mechanism
  • the action of f moves relative to the gate in the horizontal direction; when the linear push-pull mechanism f controls the gate e to move away from the gate g, the gate gradually opens from top to bottom, and before the gate opening reaches the maximum area, the width of the gate opening is From top to bottom
  • the gate is rectangular, the gate is in the shape of a right-angled ladder, and the left side of the gate is inclined from top to bottom; the peripheral edge of the gate e is provided with a sealing groove h; The angle of the horizontal plane is 76.8°; further comprising a transparent invisible tube i, one end of the transparent invisible tube extends upward to the top surface of the pool body a, and the other end of the transparent invisible tube i is connected to the bottom of the pool body a, and the communication portion is provided Valve; preferably, the transparent invisible tube i is fixed to the pool body by the support member o; the sludge outlet d is provided at the bottom of the tank body.
  • the water in the clear water storage tank b can be pumped into the next-stage processing unit through the water pump n, and the sludge at the bottom of the tank body a can be pumped into the next-stage processing unit through the mud pump l.
  • the linear push-pull mechanism f is shown to include a horizontally disposed gate opening and closing lever m, a gear k and a motor j.
  • One end of the gate opening and closing lever m is fixed to the gate e, and the other end of the gate opening and closing lever m and the gear k drive connection, gear k is connected with motor j drive.
  • external thread can be set outside the gate opening and closing lever m.
  • the gear k is placed at the center of the gear to set the matching hole and internal thread, so that when the motor drives the gear k to rotate, it drives The gate opening and closing lever m moves to the left or right to realize the opening and closing of the gate.
  • the linear push-pull mechanism f may also employ a linear drive such as a cylinder or a cylinder.
  • a sewage treatment-purification system includes a centrifugal filter 1, a first sewage treatment reaction tank 2, a second sewage treatment reaction tank, a quick filter tank 5, a carbon filter tank 6, and a sewage-clarification tank.
  • the filtered water storage tank of the centrifugal filter 1 is connected to the pool body of the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2 through a pipe equipped with a water pump, and the clean water storage tank of the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2 is equipped with a water pump.
  • the pipeline is connected to the pool body of the second sewage treatment reaction tank, and the water storage tank of the second sewage treatment reaction tank 3 and the second sewage treatment reaction tank 4 is connected to the liquid inlet of the quick filter tank 5 through a pipe equipped with a water pump.
  • the filtrate outlet of the quick filter 5 is connected to the inlet of the carbon filter 6 through a pipe equipped with a water pump; the sludge outlet at the bottom of the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2 and the bottom of the second sewage treatment reaction tank The sludge outlets are connected to the pollution-clarification tank 8 through mud pumps and pipes.
  • the number of the second sewage treatment reaction tanks is two, that is, the second sewage treatment reaction tank 3 and the second sewage treatment reaction tank 4, and the two second sewage treatment reaction tanks are connected in parallel to the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2
  • a mixing mechanism is disposed in the pool of the second sewage treatment reaction tank; an aeration mechanism 11 is disposed at a side of the second sewage treatment reaction tank, and the aeration mechanism 11 includes a blower, a gas supply pipe, and a gas supply pipe, and the gas supply pipe at the outlet of the gas supply pipe extends into the cell body of the second sewage treatment reaction tank.
  • An open channel 10 is defined in the centrifugal filter 1, the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2, the second sewage treatment reaction tank, the quick filter 5, the carbon filter 6, and the bottom side of the sewage-clarification tank 8
  • the sewage outlets of the sewage treatment reaction tank 2 and the second sewage treatment reaction tank are connected to the open channel 10 through a mud pump and a pipeline, and the open channel 10 is connected to the pollution-clarification tank 8.
  • the interior of the dirt-clearing tank 8 is divided into a clear water zone 8-1 and a dirt-staining zone 8-2, and the bottom surface of the clear water zone 8-1 is lower than the dirt-staining zone 8
  • the bottom surface position of -2, the dirt-contaminating zone 8-2 is divided by the partition into six parallel-distributed sewage tanks 8-2-1, and the inlet ends of each of the sewage tanks 8-2-1 are respectively open channels 10 connected, the outlet end of each of the sewage tank 8-2-1 is connected to the clear water area 8-1 through the water-repellent mechanism respectively; the supernatant liquid in the clear water area 8-1 is lifted to the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2 for again deal with.
  • the water-repellent mechanism may adopt an existing water-repellent mechanism, and may also adopt a hydrophobic structure between the pool body a and the clean water storage tank b in the sewage treatment reaction tank of the present invention.
  • the turbid water of sludge in different time periods is separately flowed into different single sewage tanks for sedimentation.
  • the six sewage tanks are successively subjected to sedimentation of muddy water of different stages and different batches in a certain order, and each of the sewage tanks is averaged.
  • Complete the precipitation of 1 batch (1 time period) in 2 hours then each batch of sewage tanks can complete the precipitation of 12 batches (12 time periods) every 24 hours.
  • the 6 sewage pools can be used every 24 hours.
  • the work of 72 batches (72 time periods) was completed; the sedimentation work of the six sewage pools was independent of each other, and the cycle was repeated repeatedly, in order to complete the turbidity of various sludges generated in the daily workroom.
  • each mud storage tank is provided with a mud pump near the back wall of the tank, and the mud pump outlet pipe of each of the dirt collection tanks is separately led to the sludge centralized storage tank, and is to be input into the sludge dryer for drying;
  • the bottom plate of each of the dirt storage tanks is slightly inclined toward the rear side wall (at the mud pump).
  • the pollution-clarification tank plays an important role in this sewage treatment-purification system. Due to its novel and unique special structure design, the muddy water of sludge generated in other reaction tanks and discharged, the dirty water flushing the floor and the muddy water from the turbid water of the dryer can be reached in the pollution-clarification tank. Distinguish the purpose of turbidity.
  • the supernatant liquid which has been clarified after natural sedimentation in the sewage tank is broken into the clear water area at the front, and the upper middle layer clear liquid in the clear water area is lifted by the water pump into the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2 to participate in the reaction again;
  • the settled sludge can be directly lifted from the sludge tank to the sludge centralized storage tank by the mud pump, and then transferred to the dry mud machine for drying and packaged for transportation.
  • the pollution-clarification tank is to ensure that the sewage is discharged into the workshop of the set of equipment, and there is no longer any outflow of pollutants, which will result in the exact protection of the secondary pollution of the environment: when domestic sewage and industrial wastewater enter the system, after The step-by-step treatment of the sewage wastewater, after the sterilization and disinfection, only the clean water is transported out, as the production domestic water except drinking water, the dried sludge is transported to the designated place for storage, and no other pollutants are discharged.
  • the sewage-clarification tank is installed in the penultimate process position of the whole system. It accepts most of the reaction tanks in front of the whole system and the muddy water generated by the flushing of the ground, and receives the muddy water generated when the sludge dryer squeezes the sludge. .
  • the characteristic of the pollution-recreation pool design is that two areas of two different uses are separated in one large pool, that is, the partition is used to partition the pool into the front clear water area, and the depth and the rear part are increased.
  • a drowning mechanism is set in each of the six sewage tanks in the polluted area;
  • the clear water area in the front part is a universal pool, and the supernatant liquid which is deposited after completion of sedimentation in each of the tanks is received, and then
  • the pump lifts the supernatant from the first sewage treatment reaction tank 2 to participate in the re-reaction;
  • the six sewage treatment tanks at the rear part work independently in batches and in batches, and are not subject to different time periods and different
  • the sedimentation work of the six sewage pools are independent of each other, and the cycle is repeated in an orderly manner, so that the turbidity treatment of the muddy water produced in the whole system and the working room is
  • Cut protection its design structure called the new and unique, special smart to solve practical problems, plays a very important in this system, an indispensable role.
  • the system can be used for the treatment and purification of sewage and wastewater in urban domestic sewage, landscape lake replacement water source and production wastewater of aquaculture enterprises.
  • the number of the second sewage treatment reaction tank is set to one, and the pharmaceutical injection port is provided on the pool body of the second sewage treatment reaction tank, which may be different according to needs.
  • Qualitative and different amounts of heavy metal ion trapping agents, etc. in order to achieve the desired treatment effect; when used to remove heavy metal ions in water or cyanide, fluorine, arsenic and other toxic and harmful ions and their compounds, there may be no aeration mechanism, second sewage A stirring mechanism is disposed in the cell body of the treatment reaction tank.
  • the current water environment such as rivers and lakes is polluted by sewage and is not fully and effectively treated.
  • the crux of the problem is that the source of the dispersed sewage is not effectively controlled, and there are not many poor or poor water countries today. Therefore, from a strategic point of view, the decentralized treatment-purification method of the sewage treatment-purification system of the present invention has a huge benefit space.

Abstract

污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统，该污水处理-净化系统包括第一污水处理反应池（2）、第二污水处理反应池（3、4）、快滤池（5）、炭滤池（6）和纳污-澄清池（8），第一污水处理反应池（2）的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与第二污水处理反应池（3、4）的池体连通，第二污水处理反应池（3、4）的清水收纳池与快滤池（5）的进液口连通，所述快滤池（5）的滤液出口与炭滤池（6）的进液口连通；第一污水处理反应池（2）池体下部污泥出口和第二污水处理反应池（3、4）池体下部污泥出口均与纳污-澄清池（8）连通。可实现污废水的分散治理，不受污水处理厂选址限制，成本低，且分离效果好，可保证良好的处理效果；治理与净化功能相结合，经处理的污废水均可作为杂用水被回收利用，有利节约优质自来水。

Description

污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统 技术领域
本发明涉及污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统，尤其涉及一种易实现污水分散处理的污水处理-净化系统，属于环保设备领域。
背景技术
目前，生活污水或工业废水处理主要依赖污水处理厂，污水处理厂位置相对固定，某一区域内的污水或废水需通过管道运输等途径输送到污水处理厂方可完成处理，由于产生污水或废水来源地的地理位置分散或低于污水处理厂所处地理位置的高度，欲收齐某污水处理厂辖区内的污水或废水局限性颇大。例如迄今尚有未建污水处理厂的集镇、产生常见重金属离子或常见有毒有害离子(如氰CN -、氟F -、砷As 3+、As 5+)的分散企业、需要处理的景观湖泊被污染水源和养殖企业的废水，均由于上述产生污水或废水来源地的地理位置关系的限制，难以将上述来源地的污水或废水全部收集处理，而造成对水体环境的污染；此外，景观湖泊所处位置一般无闲置土地可供建设污水处理厂，养殖企业由于建设投入等原因亦多未建立污水处理厂，导致污水无法及时得到处理；对于被污染的景观湖泊，需要使用大量优质自来水进行置换。此外，目前凡采用序批式活性污泥法工艺处理污水的现有污水处理设备，所用滗水装置多为电动机械摇臂式、套筒式、虹吸式、旋转式和浮筒式等方式，需要配置收水装置、连接装置、传动装置甚或某些特别排水装置，此类滗水装置结构较为复杂，成本高昂。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单合理的污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统，以在确保污废水处理质量的同时，简化设备结构，并使被处理的污废水成为再生中水，为除饮用水以外的生产生活用水提供第二廉价水源。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案如下：一种污水处理反应池，包括池体，池体的下方设有清水收纳池；所述池体具有至少一个倾斜的侧面，该侧面由上至下逐渐向池体内倾斜，所述侧面上开设有至少1个闸口，闸口沿竖直方向的投影在清水收纳池内，所述闸口上覆盖有闸门，所述闸门可相对于闸口在水平方向左右移动；所述闸口的左、右侧边中，至少有一侧边与闸门上相对应的侧边不平行；当闸门朝远离闸口方向移动时，闸口由上至下逐渐打开，且在闸口开口达到最大面积前，闸口开口的宽度由上至下始终是逐渐减小的。
采用这样的结构设计，待处理的污水被输送至污水处理反应池后，根据需要经过处理后，需要将上清液和下层沉淀物分离时，可控制闸门朝远离闸口的方向移动，使得闸口上部 的部分区域呈打开状态，此时，位于池体上层的上清液可通过闸口打开区域滗出，并落入正下方的清水收纳池内，通过合理控制闸门的位移大小，可使得池体内的清水“逐层”流出，避免清水流出时对底层沉淀物产生扰动，影响分离效果。而且通过对闸口和闸门形状的合理设计，使得闸口打开时，在闸口完全打开前，无论打开程度如何，闸口开口的宽度由上至下始终是逐渐减小的，以使不同层次的上清液在不扰动沉淀物的基础上被滗出；这样在增加闸口开口面积时，开口高度区域待滗出的上清液中，位置较高的上清液在水平方向对应的开口宽度较大，静压较小，液体流出速率较小，而位置相对较低的上清液在水平方向对应的开口宽度较小，且静压更大，液体流出速率较大，可以推知，上清液流出时，开口宽度较大位置和开口宽度较小位置处的单位时间内的流量相近，这样开口高度位置的上清液流出时，不会对其下方的液体产生扰动，从而获得高质量的泥水分离效果。
进一步地，所述闸口为矩形状，所述闸门为梯形状；所述闸门的四周边缘设有密封槽框。优选地，闸门为半梯形状。
进一步地，所述侧面上设有与闸门传动连接的直线推拉机构，所述闸门可在直线推拉机构的作用下相对闸口在水平方向左右移动。
进一步地，所述倾斜的侧面与水平面的夹角为60-85°，优选为70-80°，进一步优选为76.8°。
进一步地，还包括透明直观管，所述透明直观管的一端向上延伸至池体顶面，透明直观管的另一端与池体底部连通，且连通处设有阀门。这样在需要静置分离时，可打开阀门，让池体内污水流入透明直观管，随后即可通过透明直观管中的沉降分层情况，推算池体内污水的沉降分层情况及注水时的充盈情况，从而采取下一步操作。
优选地，池体的底面朝池体排泥口一侧倾斜。
一种污水处理-净化系统，包括第一污水处理反应池、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池、炭滤池和纳污-澄清池，所述第一污水处理反应池和第二污水处理反应池均采用如上所述的污水处理反应池；所述第一污水处理反应池的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与第二污水处理反应池的池体连通，第二污水处理反应池的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与快滤池的进液口连通，所述快滤池的滤液出口通过配备有水泵的管道与炭滤池进液口连通；所述第一污水处理反应池池体下部污泥出口和第二污水处理反应池池体下部污泥出口均通过配备有泥泵的管道与纳污-澄清池连通。
进一步地，所述第二污水处理反应池的数量为两个，所述两个第二污水处理反应池并联于第一污水处理反应池和快滤池之间。
进一步地，所述第二污水处理反应池的池体内设有搅拌机构。
进一步地，所述第二污水处理反应池的侧部设有曝气机构，所述曝气机构的供气管出口伸入第二污水处理反应池的池体内，为池体内混合污水提供活性污泥法的生物反应所需氧气。
进一步地，还包括消毒-贮水池、污泥集中容纳池，所述炭滤池的滤液出口通过配备有水泵的管道与消毒-贮水池连通；所述纳污-澄清池的底部污泥出口通过配备有泥泵的管道与污泥集中容纳池连通。
进一步地，所述第一污水处理反应池、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池、炭滤池和纳污-澄清池的周侧底部开设有明渠，所述第一污水处理反应池和第二污水处理反应池的污泥出口均通过配备有泥泵的管道与明渠连通，所述明渠与纳污-澄清池连通。进一步地，所述纳污-澄清池的内部分为清水区和纳污区，所述清水区的底面位置低于纳污区的底面位置，所述纳污区包括多个纳污池，每个纳污池的进水端分别与明渠连通，每个纳污池的出水端分别通过滗水机构与清水区连通，如此，每个纳污池可分时间段、分批次独立地进行工作，不受来自不同时间段、不同批次的污泥浊水流入的影响，确保处理效率和效果，并使各纳污池循环有序地进行工作。
进一步地，第一污水处理反应池前设有离心过滤机，离心过滤机的设置可将砾石等无机物滤掉起传统沉砂池的作用，比沉砂池的作用快速、效果好，省去沉砂池庞大构筑物的位置。
第一污水处理反应池的设置可对经过离心过滤处理的污水进行初次沉淀，其工艺目标是进一步去除污废水中的可沉淀固体、SS、COD和部分BOD5，该初次沉淀过程总的来说以絮凝沉淀为主，形成的固体颗粒物质从水中分离出来沉淀于池底，本第一污水处理反应池在静止状态下沉淀效果尤佳；完成沉淀后，将上层清液滗出至下方的清水收纳池内，沉淀的污泥可用泥泵排出，冲洗干净备用。
设置离心过滤机，可对进入第一污水处理反应池前的污水进行离心过滤处理，然后输入第一污水处理反应池，这样离心过滤机取代了沉砂池，从而减少一个大沉砂池的体积所占位置并节约制作成本；其次，离心过滤比沉砂池自然沉淀的速度快、效果好、无机物直接袋装外运，无需从池中取出沉淀较紧密的沉沙，节约劳力和时间。
第二污水处理反应池可对第一污水处理反应池分离出的上清液进行搅拌、曝气、停曝搅拌兼二次沉淀等综合处理，以脱氮除磷和最大量去除COD、BOD5、SS等物；通过第二污水处理反应池中的系列反应后，将上层清液滗出至下方的清水收纳池内，可按计算量排出部 分剩余污泥，待机备用。
对于含重金属离子和氰、氟、砷等有毒有害离子及其化合物的工业废水处理时，可根据需要向第二污水处理反应池内添加处理药剂，将第二污水处理反应池用作化学反应沉淀池(本池不需设置曝气机构，并只需设置1个污水处理反应池)，可专门用于产生重金属离子和氰、氟、砷等有毒有害物的工业废水的分散企业；其工作原理或方法是在池内投入适量的重金属离子捕捉药剂，例如根据不同的重金属离子特性采用不同的重金属离子捕捉剂与之进行络(螯)合反应后进行静置沉淀处理，使含重金属离子的新生络(螯)和物下沉，与水分离；将上清液滗出参与后续处理，将污泥通过设置于池底的泥泵及管道排出至池前明渠；氰、氟、砷等有害物亦是根据不同的有毒有害物特性，采用不同的处理方法，如络合沉淀法、絮凝沉淀法等方法，分别投入不同药剂进行相应反应后静置沉淀处理，使含有氰、氟、砷等有毒有害物的新生络合物等物下沉，与水分离；将上清液滗出参与后续处理，将污泥通过设置于池底的泥泵及管道排出至池前明渠。上述处理方法，可达到从工业废水中去除重金属离子和氰、氟、砷等有毒有害物质的目的。
快滤池可对第二污水处理反应池滗出的上清液进行过滤，以进一步降低该上清液的浊度、去除水中有机物、细菌和病毒等的净化处理，在快滤池内设置普通滤料层能达到截留水中杂质使达净化的目的，进一步地，该滤料可由自上而下依次分布的无烟煤、石英石和重质矿石组成。
炭滤池内设置颗粒活性炭吸附虑层，可将经快速滤池过滤所得清水进行再次过滤，以进一步去除如重金属、氰化物、放射性物、余氯、氨氮等无机污染物和部分有机污染物，如腐殖酸、异臭、农药、色度、烃类有机物、有机氯化物、洗涤剂、致突变物质及氯化致突变前驱物质等。
消毒-贮水池可采用漂白粉精片等消毒药剂对经炭滤池处理所得的清水进行消毒杀菌处理，使成为最终洁净水输出，该洁净水可用作工业用水、市政喷洒浇灌用水和洗车冲厕拖地等生活用水。
纳污-澄清池可将工作间内离心过滤机、第一污水处理反应池、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池、炭滤池和干泥机所产生的泥水以及打扫卫生时的冲洗用水集中收集起来进行沉降处理，可将沉淀分层所得的污泥通过泥泵提升至污泥集中容纳池，作过渡性暂时贮存，再输送至干泥机干燥；而沉降分层所得的上清液则滗出至其清水区，通过清水泵提升返回至第一污水处理反应池，进行二次沉淀处理。
污泥集中容纳池可将纳污-澄清池输送过来的污泥作过渡性暂时贮存，而后统一输送至 干泥机作干燥处理。相应地，干泥机可将污泥集中容纳池输送过来的污泥进行干燥，而后打包外运，干泥机优选为压滤机，干泥机产生的挤压水可经明渠流入纳污-澄清池，进行进一步沉淀分离处理。
优选地，明渠包括相互连通的主明渠和支明渠，主明渠设置于各反应池的两侧，支明渠主要设置于各反应池倾斜侧面所在一侧。
离心过滤机收纳池的冲洗泥水经设置于池底水管自由排入其池前明渠，第一污水处理反应池的污泥及冲洗池内泥水经设置于池体底部泥泵排入其池前明渠，第二污水处理反应池的剩余污泥经设置于池体底部的泥泵排入其池前明渠，快滤池的反冲洗污水经设置于其下方的收纳池底部的水泵(另外间隔辟出)排入其池前支明渠，炭滤池的反冲洗污水经设置于其下方的收纳池底部的水泵(另外间隔辟出)排入其池前支明渠，消毒-贮水池的洗池泥水经设置于池底水管自由排入其池前支明渠，最后一道工序干泥机的挤压泥水经设置于其底部的水管自由排入其池前支明渠，地面冲洗泥水排入各池前明渠，由明渠与纳污-澄清池连通；所述纳污-澄清池所收集到的各种污泥浊水沉淀分离后，其上清液排入其前下方的清水收纳池，经配备有设置于清水收纳池底部的水泵及管道返排入第一污水处理反应池参与二次沉淀反应；而沉淀后的污泥经配备有设置于其沉淀池底部的泥泵及管道排入污泥集中容纳池，统一输入干泥机，干燥污泥外运。
由于本发明采用比较成熟的而通用的SBR(序批式活性污泥法)新改进型工艺，在经过前阶段第一污水处理反应池(即初次沉淀)和第二污水处理反应池(即曝气兼二次沉淀处理反应池)脱氮除磷的系列反应后，到此阶段为止理论上COD去除率可达95％，TN去除率可达77％，TP去除率可达92％，NH 3-N去除率可达96％，TSS去除率可达96％。经上述处理后，出水水质的几项检测指标可达到中华人民共和国城市污水一级排放标准(GB/8978-1996)，与城市杂用水水质标准(GB/T18920-2002)比对，基本符合城市杂用水水质标准和景观用水水质标准对这几项检测指标的要求。此外，尚有后续的几项有利加强对再生中水的净化的处理：①快滤池过滤，能进一步降低水的浊度，去除水中有机物、细菌和病毒等滞留在水中的杂质；②炭滤池可吸附过滤进一步去除重金属、氰化物、放射性物、余氯、氨氮等无机污染物，并去除水中部分有机污染物；③消毒-贮水池的消毒杀菌处理等三项净化处理，从而使水质达到优质再生中水的标准。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
①新颖性强。a、集中和分散相结合地建立污水处理设施，为一个国家或一个地区解决水污染问题历来为业内专家学者所希望看到的事实；目前污水处理主要依赖污水处理厂，污水处理 厂相对固定因而欲收齐其辖区内全部污水有其局限性，本发明可实现哪里有未被收集的污废水外流污染环境或未建立污废水处理设施的区域(如集镇)就在哪里安装本发明的污水处理-净化系统对污废水进行处理净化，主动出击污废水的产生来源地。b、传统同类SBR(序批式活性污泥法)设备为防止扰动已沉淀污泥需要另行配置较为复杂的滗水器装置排出上清液，本发明的系统则是通过设备自身的结构直接将上清液进行真正意义上的“滗出”(宛如将容器倾斜直接滗出上清液一般)不需任何辅助滗水设施，结构简单，上清液和下层污泥的分离效果好。c、纳污-澄清池的设计，使得进入本系统处理的污废水在各个处理环节所产生的污泥浊水得到有效的再次沉淀分离处理，从而确保没有污染物外流造成对环境的二次污染。d、本设备占地面积较小、架设位置灵活、制造费用也较低，一套日处理污水2000m 3的本设备(纯使用面积)占地面积为1193m 2；而制造一套本设备的费用也要低于建造一个日处理等量污水的污水处理厂。
②适用性广。本发明可适用于城镇生活污水、景观湖泊置换水源、养殖企业生产废水和其它工业废水(含重金属离子和氰、氟、砷等有毒有害物)的就地处理-净化，具有单纯污水处理设施所不同时具备的上述几项功能。
③全面性佳。a、本发明对污水的治理与净化(再生利用)功能相结合，不单纯对污废水进行无害化处理(治污治废)，且经本系统处理的污废水均可作为杂用水(饮用水除外)被回收利用，为生产生活提供第二廉价水资源，从而科学合理地使用、节约优质自来水。b、本发明可以作为污水处理厂的弥补机制，既提高污水的收集能力，又减轻污水处理厂的工作负荷(将来可发展成为用于机关、学校、住宅小区等较大而规范区域，使杂用水到户冲厕洗车拖地被广泛应用，实现水资源的多重重复利用，大大缓解用水紧张问题。c、污废水进入本系统的工作间后，只有消毒合格的洁净水输出作为杂用水，用于生产生活中，沉渣、干燥污泥可外运至指定位置，确保污泥的稳定化和无害化，无任何二次污染环境的污染物外流。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一种污水处理反应池的立体示意图。
图2是图1的污水处理反应池的正视图。
图3是图1的污水处理反应池的侧视图。
图4是本发明的一种污水处理-净化系统的整体安装示意图。
图5是图4所示系统中物料流向示意图。
图6是本发明的另一种污水处理-净化系统的整体安装示意图。
图7是图6所示系统中物料流向示意图。
图8是本发明的一种纳污-澄清池的俯视图。
图9是本发明的一种纳污-澄清池的右视图(透过最右侧外壁看)。
图10是本发明的一种纳污-澄清池的前视图。
具体实施方式
以下将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。为叙述方便，下文中如出现“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”字样，仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用。
如图1至图3所示，一种污水处理反应池，包括池体a，池体a的下方设有清水收纳池b；所述池体a具有至少一个倾斜的侧面，该侧面由上至下逐渐向池体内倾斜，所述侧面上开设有3个闸口g，闸口g沿竖直方向的投影在清水收纳池b内，所述闸口g上覆盖有可活动的闸门e；所述闸口g的左、右侧边中，至少有一侧边与闸门e上相对应的侧边不平行；所述侧面上设有与闸门e传动连接的直线推拉机构f，所述闸门e可在直线推拉机构f的作用下相对闸口在水平方向左右移动；当直线推拉机构f控制闸门e朝远离闸口g方向移动时，闸口由上至下逐渐打开，且在闸口开口达到最大面积前，闸口开口的宽度由上至下始终是逐渐减小的，以适用不同层次的上清液在不扰动沉淀物的基础上被滗出。
其中，所述闸口为矩形状，所述闸门为直角梯形状，闸门的左侧边由上至下向左倾斜；所述闸门e的四周边缘设有密封槽框h；所述倾斜的侧面与水平面的夹角为76.8°；还包括透明直观管i，所述透明直观管的一端向上延伸至池体a顶面，透明直观管i的另一端与池体a底部连通，且连通处设有阀门；优选地，透明直观管i通过支承件o固定于池体上；池体底部设有污泥出口d。清水收纳池b内的水可通过水泵n泵入下一级处理单元内，池体a底部的污泥可通过泥泵l泵入下一级处理单元内。
优选地，所示直线推拉机构f包括水平设置的闸门启合杆m、齿轮k和电机j，所示闸门启合杆m的一端固定于闸门e上，闸门启合杆m的另一端与齿轮k传动连接，齿轮k与电机j传动连接，具体地，可在闸门启合杆m外部设置外螺纹，齿轮k转心位置设置相匹配的孔及内螺纹，使电机带动齿轮k转动时，驱使闸门启合杆m向左或向右运动，从而实现闸门的启闭。
作为本发明的替代方案，直线推拉机构f也可采用油缸或气缸等直线驱动件。
如图4所示，一种污水处理-净化系统，包括离心过滤机1、第一污水处理反应池2、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池5、炭滤池6和纳污-澄清池8，所述离心过滤机1的过滤水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与第一污水处理反应池2的池体连通，所述第一污水处理反应池 2的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与第二污水处理反应池的池体连通，第二污水处理反应池3和第二污水处理反应池4的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与快滤池5的进液口连通，所述快滤池5的滤液出口通过配备有水泵的管道与炭滤池6的进液口连通；所述第一污水处理反应池2池体底部污泥出口和第二污水处理反应池池体底部污泥出口均通过泥泵及管道与纳污-澄清池8连通。
所述第二污水处理反应池的数量为两个，即第二污水处理反应池3和第二污水处理反应池4，所述两个第二污水处理反应池并联于第一污水处理反应池2和快滤池5之间；优选地，所述第二污水处理反应池的池体内设有搅拌机构；所述第二污水处理反应池的侧部设有曝气机构11，所述曝气机构11包括鼓风机、供气管和布气管，供气管出口的布气管伸入第二污水处理反应池的池体内。
还包括消毒-贮水池7、污泥集中容纳池9，所述炭滤池6的滤液出口通过配备有水泵的管道与消毒-贮水池7连通；所述纳污-澄清池8的底部污泥出口通过配备有泥泵的管道与污泥集中容纳池9连通，污泥集中容纳池旁设置有干泥机位12。
所述离心过滤机1、第一污水处理反应池2、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池5、炭滤池6和纳污-澄清池8的周侧底部开设有明渠10，所述第一污水处理反应池2和第二污水处理反应池的污泥出口均通过泥泵及管道与明渠10连通，所述明渠10与纳污-澄清池8连通。
如图8至图10所示，所述纳污-澄清池8的内部分为清水区8-1和纳污区8-2，所述清水区8-1的底面位置低于纳污区8-2的底面位置，所述纳污区8-2由隔板分隔为六个并列分布的纳污池8-2-1，每个纳污池8-2-1的进水端分别与明渠10连通，每个纳污池8-2-1的出水端分别通过滗水机构与清水区8-1连通；清水区8-1内的上层清液提升至第一污水处理反应池2进行再次处理。所述滗水机构可采用现有滗水机构，也可采用本发明污水处理反应池中池体a、清水收纳池b之间的滗水结构。
各个不同时间段的污泥浊水分别分次地流入不同的单个纳污池内进行沉淀，6个纳污池按一定顺序依次接受不同阶段、不同批次流入的污泥浊水进行沉淀，每个纳污池平均每经过2小时完成1个批次(1个时间段)的沉淀，则每个纳污池每24小时可以完成12个批次(12个时间段)的沉淀工作，6个纳污池每24小时可以完成72个批次(72个时间段)的工作；6个纳污池的沉淀工作彼此独立，周而复始，反复循环地依序进行，以完成每日工作间内产生的各种污泥浊水分清别浊的沉淀工作；每个纳污池各设置一台泥泵于接近池后壁处，每个纳污池的泥泵出泥管单独通向污泥集中容纳池，待输入污泥干燥机进行干燥；每个纳污池的底板略向后侧池壁(置泥泵处)倾斜。
纳污-澄清池在本污水处理-净化系统中起着十分重要的作用。由于其新颖、独到的特殊结构的设计，使得其它各反应池内产生并需要排出的污泥浊水、冲洗地面卫生的脏水和干燥机的挤压浊水等来源的污泥浊水均可在纳污-澄清池内达到分清别浊的目的。即：在纳污池内经过自然沉淀后已经澄清的上层清液滗入其前部的清水区内，由水泵将清水区中上层清液提升到第一污水处理反应池2内参与再次反应；已经沉淀好的污泥则可由泥泵直接从每个纳污池内将污泥提升至污泥集中容纳池，待转输入干泥机干燥后打包外运。换言之，纳污-澄清池是确保污废水进入本套设备的工作间后，不再有任何污染物外流造成对环境二次污染的确切保障：当生活污水和工业废水进入到本系统内，经过对污废水的逐级处理，最后经杀菌消毒后只有洁净的清水运出，作为除饮用水以外的生产生活用水，干燥的污泥则运送至指定的地点存放，无其它任何污染物外流。
纳污-澄清池安装于整个系统的倒数第二个工序位置，既接受整个系统前方大部分反应池及冲洗地面产生的污泥浊水，又近距离接受污泥干燥机挤压污泥时产生的浊水。
纳污-澄清池设计的特色特点体现在：在一个大池内分别间隔出二种不同用途的二个区域，即用隔板将池子间隔成前部的清水区，并增加其深度和后部的纳污区，在纳污区的6个纳污池各设置一个滗水机构；其前部的清水区为通用池，接受每个纳污池中完成沉淀后滗出的上层清液，然后经水泵将滗出的上层清液提升至第一污水处理反应池2参与再次反应；其后部的6个纳污池分时间段、分批次独立地进行工作，不受来自不同时间段、不同批次污泥浊水产生和流入的影响；6个纳污池的沉淀工作彼此独立，周而复始，反复循环地有序进行，使整个系统及工作间内所产生的污泥浊水的分清别浊处理工作有序进行：上层清液参与再次反应，沉淀污泥进行干燥，去向明确；是污废水提升至本工作系统进行逐级处理后，不再有任何污染物外流产生对环境二次污染的确切保障；其设计结构堪称新颖独到、特殊灵巧，解决实际问题，在本系统中发挥着十分重要、不可或缺的作用。
该系统可用于城镇生活污水、景观湖泊置换水源和养殖企业的生产废水等三方面污、废水的治理-净化。
重复第一种实施方式，如图6所示，将第二污水处理反应池数量设为1个，并在第二污水处理反应池的池体上设药剂投加口，可根据需要投加不同质和不同量的重金属离子捕捉剂等药剂，以期达到预期处理效果；用于去除水体中的重金属离子或氰、氟、砷等有毒有害离子及其化合物时，可不设曝气机构，第二污水处理反应池的池体内设置搅拌机构。
当今江河湖泊等水体环境受到污废水的污染，且未得到充分有效的治理，其症结在于分散的污废水的源头未得到有效控制处理，且当今贫水地区或贫水国不在少数。因此，从战 略上看，本发明的污水处理-净化系统的分散治理-净化思路有着巨大的效益空间。
上述实施例阐明的内容应当理解为这些实施例仅用于更清楚地说明本发明，而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落入本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种污水处理反应池，包括池体(a)，其特征在于，池体(a)的下方设有清水收纳池(b)；所述池体(a)具有至少一个倾斜的侧面，该侧面由上至下逐渐向池体内倾斜，所述侧面上开设有至少1个闸口(g)，闸口(g)沿竖直方向的投影在清水收纳池(b)内，所述闸口(g)上覆盖有闸门(e)，所述闸门(e)可相对于闸口(g)在水平方向左右移动；所述闸口(g)的左、右侧边中，至少有一侧边与闸门(e)上相对应的侧边不平行；当闸门(e)朝远离闸口(g)方向移动时，闸口由上至下逐渐打开，且在闸口开口达到最大面积前，闸口开口的宽度由上至下始终是逐渐减小的。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的污水处理反应池，其特征在于，所述闸口为矩形状，所述闸门为梯形状；所述闸门(e)的四周边缘设有密封槽框(h)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的污水处理反应池，其特征在于，所述侧面上设有与闸门(e)传动连接的直线推拉机构(f)，所述闸门(e)可在直线推拉机构(f)的作用下相对闸口在水平方向左右移动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的污水处理反应池，其特征在于，所述倾斜的侧面与水平面的夹角为60-85°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的污水处理反应池，其特征在于，还包括透明直观管(i)，所述透明直观管(i)的一端向上延伸至池体(a)顶面，透明直观管(i)的另一端与池体(a)底部连通，且连通处设有阀门。
  6. 一种污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，包括第一污水处理反应池(2)、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池(5)、炭滤池(6)和纳污-澄清池(8)，所述第一污水处理反应池(2)和第二污水处理反应池均采用如权利要求1-5任一项所述的污水处理反应池；所述第一污水处理反应池(2)的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与第二污水处理反应池的池体连通，第二污水处理反应池的清水收纳池通过配备有水泵的管道与快滤池(5)的进液口连通，所述快滤池(5)的滤液出口通过配备有水泵的管道与炭滤池(6)的进液口连通；所述第一污水处理反应池(2)池体下部污泥出口和第二污水处理反应池池体下部污泥出口均与纳污-澄清池(8)连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，所述第二污水处理反应池的数量为两个，所述两个第二污水处理反应池并联于第一污水处理反应池(2)和快滤池(5)之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，所述第二污水处理反应池的池体内设有搅拌机构。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，所述第二污水处理反应池的侧部设有曝气机构(11)，所述曝气机构(11)的供气管出口伸入第二污水处理反应池的池体内。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，还包括消毒-贮水池(7)、污泥集中容纳池(9)，所述炭滤池(6)的滤液出口通过配备有水泵的管道与消毒-贮水池(7)连通；所述纳污-澄清池(8)的底部污泥出口通过配备有泥泵的管道与污泥集中容纳池(9)连通。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，所述第一污水处理反应池(2)、第二污水处理反应池、快滤池(5)、炭滤池(6)和纳污-澄清池(8)的周侧底部开设有明渠(10)，所述第一污水处理反应池(2)和第二污水处理反应池的污泥出口均通过管道与明渠(10)连通，所述明渠(10)与纳污-澄清池(8)连通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的污水处理-净化系统，其特征在于，所述纳污-澄清池(8)的内部分为清水区(8-1)和纳污区(8-2)，所述清水区(8-1)的底面位置低于纳污区(8-2)的底面位置，所述纳污区(8-2)包括多个纳污池(8-2-1)，每个纳污池(8-2-1)进水端分别与明渠(10)连通，每个纳污池(8-2-1)的出水端分别通过滗水机构与清水区(8-1)连通。
PCT/CN2018/096584 2017-11-20 2018-07-23 污水处理反应池及污水处理-净化系统 WO2019095718A1 (zh)

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